Box-Plot Study

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Main points: Objective: We want to determine the few important influences on Working with additional data the overall variation of a product characteristic from fields the many possible reasons that could cause variation. Using a Box-Plot study, we will try breaking the overall Working with the database variation of a product characteristic down into location related, cyclic and chronological influences. Creation of

Initial situation: One or multiple product characteristics have a too much variation. The reasons for the variation are unknown. A first analysis shall give information about possible reasons. Box-Plots are used frequently in the Six Sigma analysis phase of the DMAIC Phase model.

Box-Plots according different criteria

Pre-requisites: Problem description: A shaft journal is turned on a lathe. The production Basics of data variation of the diameter of the shaft journal is too recording large. A Box-Plot study is used to find information Principles of the about the producers of the large variation. Process analysis
Durch The Drehen smallest des (min) Zapfens and largest beim Messen (max) diameter wirdis der determined jeweils kleinste for each (Min) measurement und by turning grte (Max) the shaft Durchmesser during the measurment bestimmt

and process improvement

Measurement point Left side

Measurement point Messstelle Right Rechts side

The possible reasons for variation can be structured in a variation tree.

Minimaler Minimum und and maximaler maximum Durchmesser diameter

Subgroup 5 mal imof 5 in hourly intervals Stundenabstand Chronological variation

22 Messpositionen measurement points proper Teilpart Location to location

3 parts Teile after nacheinander each other Cyclic variation

Multiple shaft journals are taken from production for this study, and the following data is recorded:
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Box-Plot Study

Cons. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

Diameter 30,9548 30,9541 30,9546 30,954 30,9549 30,9542 30,9546 30,954 30,9547 30,954 30,9545 30,9539 30,9546 30,9539 30,9544 30,9538 30,9545 30,9537 30,9544 30,9536 30,9547 30,954 30,9545 30,9539 30,9548 30,9541 30,9546 30,954 30,9547 30,9541 30,9545 30,954 30,9549 30,9543 30,9547 30,9542 30,9548 30,9539 30,9545 30,9538 30,9547 30,9542 30,9545 30,9541 30,9547 30,954 30,9546 30,9539 30,9538 30,9532 30,9536 30,9531 30,9537 30,9532 30,9536 30,953 30,9539 30,9533 30,9537 30,9532

Time 06:00:00 06:00:00 06:00:00 06:00:00 06:00:00 06:00:00 06:00:00 06:00:00 06:00:00 06:00:00 06:00:00 06:00:00 07:00:00 07:00:00 07:00:00 07:00:00 07:00:00 07:00:00 07:00:00 07:00:00 07:00:00 07:00:00 07:00:00 07:00:00 08:00:00 08:00:00 08:00:00 08:00:00 08:00:00 08:00:00 08:00:00 08:00:00 08:00:00 08:00:00 08:00:00 08:00:00 09:00:00 09:00:00 09:00:00 09:00:00 09:00:00 09:00:00 09:00:00 09:00:00 09:00:00 09:00:00 09:00:00 09:00:00 10:00:00 10:00:00 10:00:00 10:00:00 10:00:00 10:00:00 10:00:00 10:00:00 10:00:00 10:00:00 10:00:00 10:00:00

Batch (Batch number) 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 27 27 27 27 28 28 28 28 29 29 29 29 51 51 51 51 52 52 52 52 53 53 53 53 74 74 74 74 75 75 75 75 76 76 76 76 93 93 93 93 94 94 94 94 95 95 95 95

Measurement point (Cavity no.) 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2

Max-Min (Order) Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min

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Remarks for data recording: The criteria time, batch number, measurement point and max-min (maximum and minimum measurement value) are recorded in additional data fields. In this example, the information is assigned to the additional data fields as follows: the batch is saved in the batch number field. the measurement point (1: left, 2: right) is saved in the cavity number field Max or Min is saved in the Order field. You can find the data in the Shaft_Journal.DFQ file. Please open the file in the Sample Analysis Module. Task: Please perform a Box-Plot Study. Create the Box-Plots depending on the different variation producers. Save the data set in the database and then load the data sorted by each possible reason for variation. Procedure: 1. Open the Shaft_Journal.dfq file and save the data to the database.

Remark: Alternatively, you can also start a new file and record the data as listed in the table above.

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Box-Plot Study 2. Load the Shaft Journal part from the database. 3. Use the automatic selection and sort by hour on the first level. Confirm the settings with OK.

Remark: Do a right mouseclick on the Shaft Journal part in order to bring up the context menu

Confirm again with OK in order to load the Shaft Journal part sorted by hour.

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Another confirmation with OK starts loading the sorted data. 4. Please select the Box-Plot graphic from the Summary menu item.

A window with the Box-Plot evaluation is displayed showing the data sorted by each hour of data recording.

Remark: In case you cannot see the Box-Plots, you have to standardize the display as follows:

Interpretation: Die Box-Plots show that the diameters are smaller at 10 am than at earlier measurement times. With this, something could have happened in the process between 9 am and 10 am. This could possibly be an operator change, a different raw material etc. In further steps we will now focus on the process change between 9 am and 10 am for the analysis of the differences in variation.
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Box-Plot Study This procedure (automatic selection and Box-Plot) can now be performed in the same fashion with the other possible reasons for variation. Batch (Selection by Batch/ident number):

Interpretation: Also these Box-Plots show that the last three batches (measurement time 10 am) have smaller diameters. Even though the diameters of the other batches vary also, the deviations are not as significant. Measurement point (Selection by Cavity no.) (1 = left, 2 = right)
Remark: Please select the setting for consecutive characteristic number from the Value axis function.

Interpretation: No noticeable differences can be seen.

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Box-Plot Study Max-Min (Selection by Purchase order number)

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Interpretation: The minimum diameters are smaller than the maximum diameters as it could be expected. It is also possible to perform a comprehensive evaluation by multiple criteria at the same time, e.g. by MaxMin and time. To do so, please select hour as the first level and purchase order number as the second level in the automatic selection.

Interpretation: In this chart, the differences between the maximum and the minimum diameters as well as the chronological development can be reviewed.
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