Canadian Aboriginal Spirituality Significance of Drums: represent the heartbeat of the nation and of mother earth, the pulse

of the universe Life Cycle Ritual: Birth and naming, namegiver is usually grandpa, sees name in a dream or during meditation. Puberty, they go on vision quests. Hair, long uncut hair is sacred, and are usually braided, cut hair is a sign of mourning. And lastly Death. Takes one year to become a spirit, death feast occurs., each autumn they commorate the dead ones Powwow: A dance of renewal for the restoration of right relationship and the healing all of creation. In these ceremonies people sing and dance, and celebrate their heritage Sun Dance: celebrated during the summer people would dance to renewal the dedication to the Great Spirit. There are 4 annual dances to prepare for the final stages prepare for the final stage which is piercing the body and, in dance, tearing away from the piercing to symbolize a renewal of the quest for the spirit in ones life. Trickster: A troublemaker, Playing an important role in the creation of the world, but is not the creator, The Trickster can be mean and generous Elder: Aboriginal men or women who are respected, recognized, and consulted for their wisdom, experience, knowledge, background and insight; an elder is not necessarily one of the oldest member in the community Mtis: An aboriginal tribe that is half aboriginal and half European (mostly French), live near Western Canada. Shaman: A spiritual leader which helps the sick and those in need Sweat Lodge: This ceremony aims to purify the body, mind, spirit and heart and to restore right relationships. Sometimes it is symbolized as the womb of mother Earth. The Great Sprit: The one who is responsible for creating the world, all living things, human and animals are dependent on this divine power, belief that the cosmos is sacred and the human activity is meant to take place within his natural order Potlatch: Similar to Giveaway but it is for west coast tribes and these increase the hosts standing in the community. (Giveaway is a festival to celebrate a special occasion, the host gives away gifts, and party includes dancing) Smudging: Purpose to purify people and places, sacred herbs would be burnt in a shell or earthen bowl. Then the smoke is brushed or washed over the eyes, mouth, ears, hands, heart, and which being of each participating Talking Feather: whoever is holding the feather is the only one who may speak Islam Five Pillars of Islam : 1. Iman, stating you are a muslim 2. Salat. Praying 5 times a day 3. Ramadan, Fasting during the month of Ramadan.4. Zakat. Sharing your wealth 2.5 %. 5. Hajj. Pilgrimage to Mecca Halal: in refrence to dietary laws, Halal means Permissable, or allowed imam: lower case I refers to spiritual leaders, that lead services, and all religious event and also directs prayers. Capital I in imam refers to the early successor of Muhammad (PBUH) believed to have spiritual insight,( only Shia believe in this) Islam: submission, or to surrender

The religion of islam : Submission to one God or Allah. The requirement to every moment in the life of a Muslim( Muslim means one who submits) Muslims follow Islam. Islams Holy sites: Mecca Muslims pray towards Mecca, Mecca holds the Kabah ( also where pillgramage takes place), Medina aka City of Prophets Medina used to be known as Yathrib, Yathrib is where the Hijra took place. Medina contains the Mosque of the Prophets and is the locations where Muahammad (PBUH) is buried, medina also contains the first ever Muslim mosque named the Quba Mosque. Jerusalem is also holy because it contains the Dome of rock which is where Prophet Muhammad ( PHUB) accended to heaven for the first time, to describe what it was like. Also this city hold the mosque called Al-Asqa Mosque Role of Jesus : Seen as a prophet in Islam, and we believe in the 2 the day of Judgement, he is also the messiah in Islam.
nd

coming, Jesus will be a Usher during

Jihad: the original meaning meant the struggle of being a good muslim, now it is known as the Holy War Quran: The sacred book that was revealed to Muhammad(PBUH) over a period of 23 years, the quran means to recite and is believed to be the words of God Rakat: The sequence that muslims do during prayers Sects of Islam: Sunni, who believe Abu Bakr as the leader of islam after Muhammad, he is Muhammads friend who followed him everywhere and was always with him during his preaches. Shiites believe that the caliph should be Ali, who is the spouse of Fatimah, who is Muhammads daughter. The last sect is Sufism Sufism: Sufism represents the mystical perspective of Islam The most famous champion of the mystical dimension of Islam is probably Al-Ghazali (1058-1111) who determined that true knowledge could not be attained through either the senses or the rational sciences, but only through a divine light that God casts into the heart of the person of faith (CIWR, 216). Many Muslims incorporate Sufi elements into their personal piety although not all Sufi practices are looked upon favourably by mainstream Islam Non-Muslim Westerners are often drawn to Islam because of Sufism, Sufi means wool wearer Umma: refers to the Muslim community

Christianity: Bishop of rome: refers to the Pope aka the overseer of Catholicism. Catholic: is used to denote the universal nature of the Christian church Nature of Christians: Church: the community of all Christian believers Constantine: Emperor of Rome who converted to a Christianity and changed the laws to abolish the killing of Christians, which is known as the edict of Mila. Credo: means Christian in Latin Ecumenism: The promotion of worldwide Christian unity Gospels: referring generally to the saving power of life, crucifixion, the resurrection of Jesus. Indulgences: reduction in or pardons of sins that could be purchased, in the medieval Catholicism

Initiation ritual: Protestant reformation: started with Martin Luther, he didnt believe in the corruption in the Catholic Church, and so he created a new sect because he was aware of how Christianity should be. Prayer: Liturgical: During mass the bible is read. EXPAND Sacred Symbols: READ HANDOUT St.Paul: was a very dedicated jew, he persecuted Christians. Then he witnessed a miracle and converted to chrisitanity , who in turn became a apostle, after this he travelled everywhere to spread the word of Christianity, Sects of Christianity: Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox and Protestant Judaism Abraham: Father of Religion. Research his life The Chosen People: refers to the Jews, Moses had called the Jews the chosen people, the chosen people were the children of Israel and were promised the promise land. Diaspora: the spreading of Jews, not being able to go to their Homeland thus their ancestry kept spreading different locations of the world Jewish Rites of passage: Naming. Marriage. Funeral see if there is more Kosher: Jewish dietary laws, eating clean and unclean foods, separating dishes. Read more.. Passover: The 8 day festival celebrated early spring that commemorates the exodus of the Jews from Egypt. Prayer: Uses Torah during prayer, women and men are often separated, rabbi does not face people, uses prayer accessories ( know all) Rabbi: A teacher of the torah and leader of Jewish worship Rosh Hashanah: Festival for the New Years Shema: statement of the jews: Hear, O Israel! The Lord is our God, The Lord Alone Shoah: The Holocaust Shofar: A ram's-horn trumpet used by Jews in religious ceremonies and as an ancient battle signal Tanakh: Used to call the bible of Jews; Tanakh derives from: Torah (T) Prophets (N) and writings (K) ( Know what signnifance each one holds Torah: Revelation to Gods will to the people, known as the Law, contains the first 5 book of the bible (Genesis, exodus, numbers, Deuteronomy and Leviticus) Yarmulke/Kippah:a cap that is worn by Jewish men Yom Kippur: Day of atonement, this is the most important days for jews occurs in the fall on the 10 day of the new years, spent in synagogue services in prayer for forgiveness of sins, Jews fast at this time.
th

Zionism: The movement arising in the late 19 century that sought to re-establish a jewish homeland, since 1948, the general support of the state of israel Buddhism Anicca: One of the 3 marks of existence; the Buddhist doctrine that all existent thing are constantly changing. Arhat: One who has become enlightened. The ideal type for Theravada Buddhism Bodhisattvas: Future Buddhas. As ideal type for Mahayana Buddhism, beings who have experienced enlightenment but, motivated by compassion, stop short of entering nirvana so as to help others achieve it. Bodhi tree: the tree in which Siddhartha meditated to become enlightened Buddha: Siddhartha and all others who have by their own insight attained perfect enlightenment also means Woke up Nature of Buddha: Good, Kind, Peaceful, all knowing Nature of Buddhism: Dukkha: suffering, 1 noble truth. Suffering is apart of the human condition. Enlightenment: A state of perfect happiness and understanding; unconditional compassion for all beings 5 precepts: 1.Do not take life 2. Do not take whats not given 3.Do not engage in sensuous misconduct 4.Do not use false speech 5. Do not drink intoxicant. These apply to all Buddhist. However there are 5 more precepts that apply to monks and nuns: 6. Do not eat after noon 7. Do not watch dance or shows 8.do not use perfumes, or ornaments 9. Do not use a high or soft bed 10. Do not accept gold or silver. 4 noble truths: To live is to suffer, suffering is caused by desire, suffering can be brought to cessation. The solution to suffering is the noble eightfold path
st

th

Meditiation: Meditation on the subtle emptiness of all phenomena is said to be the way to cure the illness of suffering and attain liberation from cyclic existence. It is necessary to eliminate the mentality that misconceives the nature of the self and of things in the world.They also do it to be in peace with the world because some people like to be on their own.to free their minds from negative feelings and being in a state of nirvana The Middle Way: see notes The Noble 8 fold paths: Right views, Right intention, Right speech, Right Conduct, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right meditation. Samsara: The wheel of rebirth or reincarnation, the realm where rebirth occurs Sects of Buddhism: Theraveda. Mahayana: The Great vehicle largest sect and Vajrayana: Tibetan Buddhism Read notes 3 marks of existence: Anatta: no self no permanent identity, Annica: Impermanence, everything is forever changing. Dukkha: means suffering, Hinduism

Ahimsa: The principle of non-violence Atman: The true self see notes for more Bhagavard-Gita: a short section of the epic poem, this is Hinduism most sacred texts Brahman: The eternal essence of reality and the source of the universe, beyond the reach of human perception and thought. The Hindu Trumurti: Brahma the creator, Vishnu the maintainer or preserver and shiva the destroyer or transformer Karma: The moral law of cause and effect of action; determines the nature of ones reincarnation. Mandir: Hindu Temple of worship Moksha: liberation or release of the individual self Murti: image of a god that is washed, and worshipped, and dressed, Know what is washed with Namaste: greeting or salutation Origin of religions: see notes Puja: Hindu worship ceremony Samara: the wheel of rebirth, or reincarnation. Swastika: The symbol of Hinduism meant good and auspicious, not to be mistaken with the nazi logo Yoga: Hindu path to liberation