H2 Math : Differentiation-Applications

2012

KL Ang Jan 2012 Page 53
1.







A piece of wire of length 50 cm is bent to form the perimeter of sector POQ of a circle.
The radius of the circle is r cm and the angle POQ is radians (see diagram).

(i) Express in terms of r and show that the area, A cm
2
, of the sector is given by


2
25 r r A = . [4]

(ii) Given that r can vary, find the stationary value of A and determine its nature.
[4]


2. The equation of a curve is
3
12
2
+
=
x
y .
(i) Obtain an expression for
x
y
d
d
. [2]

(ii) Find the equation of the normal to the curve at the point P(1, 3). [3]

(iii) A point is moving along the curve in such a way that the x-coordinate is
increasing at a constant rate of 0.012 units per second. Find the rate of change of
the y-coordinate as the point passes through P. [2]



3. A curve has equation
3
1

+ =
x
x y .

(i) Find
x
y
d
d
and
2
2
d
d
x
y
. [2]

(ii) Find the coordinates of the maximum point A and the minimum point B on the
curve. [5]

O
Q
P
rad u
cm r
H2 Math : Differentiation-Applications
2012

Page 54

4. Find the coordinates of any stationary points or points of inflexion on the curve given
by

x
x
y
ln
= ( ) 1 , 0 = > x x
and sketch the curve, marking in these points.


5. The equation of a curve is

2
2
1 x
x
y
+
= .
Show that the y-axis is a tangent to the curve at the origin, and find the coordinates of
all turning points on the curve. Sketch the curve. [7]


6. Find the coordinates of the turning points on the curve
x
e x y

=
4
, and state the nature of
each turning point. Sketch the curve. [7]


7. Find the coordinates of the turning points on the curve
4
2
1 x
x
y
+
= , and state the nature
of each turning point. Sketch the curve. [7]



8. The variables u and v take positive values such that


20
1 1 1
= +
v u
.

Writing v u s + = , find the least value of s as u is varied.


9. Given that
4
3
3 1 x
x
y
+
= , find
x
y
d
d
in terms of x, and hence find the coordinates of the
three stationary points on the graph of y. [5]

Determine whether each stationary point is a maximum point, a minimum point or a
point of inflexion. Sketch the graph of y. [7]


H2 Math : Differentiation-Applications
2012

KL Ang Jan 2012 Page 55

10.







In the diagram, O and A are fixed points 1000 m apart on horizontal ground. The point
B is vertically above A, and represents a balloon which is ascending at a steady rate of
2 ms
-1
. The balloon is being observed from a moving point P on the line OA. At time
0 = t , the balloon is at A and the observer is at O. The observation point P moves
towards A with steady sped 6 ms
-1
. At time t, the angle APB is radians. Show that


( )
2 2
3 500
500
d
d
t t t +
=
u
. [6]


11. Two variables u and v are connected by the relation
f v u
1 1 1
= + , where f is a constant.
Given that u and v both vary with time, t, find an equation connecting
t
u
d
d
,
t
v
d
d
, u and v.
Given also that u is decreasing at a rate of 2 cm per second and that 10 = f cm,
calculate the rate of increase of v when 50 = u cm.

O
A
B
rad u
P
H2 Math : Differentiation-Applications
2012

Page 56

Answer keys:

1. 2.
(ii)
4
625
, max
(i)
( )
2
2
3
2
d
d
+
=
x
x
x
y

(ii)
5 8 = x y
(iii)
second per unit 0015 . 0 ,

3. 4.
(i)
( )
2
3
1
1
d
d

=
x x
y
;
( )
3 2
2
3
2
d
d

=
x x
y

(i) 1 = x , vertical asymptote. (e,e) min.
(ii)
( ) 1 , 2 A , ( ) 5 , 4 B


5. 6.
(ii)
|
|
.
|

\
|

2
2
, 1 , 0 = y , horizontal asy.
( ) 0 , 0 , min; ( )
4 4
e 4 , 4

, max,
7. 8.

( ) 0 , 0 , min;
|
.
|

\
|

2
1
, 1 , max,
5 4 20 = s
9. 10.

( ) 0 , 0 , Pt of inflexion;
|
.
|

\
|
4
1
, 1 , max,


|
.
|

\
|

4
1
, 1 , min,

11.
0.125 cm/s