BOLLARDS - TRAFFIC CONTROL - FENCING

INDEX
1-1 Rev-A 1-2 Rev-A 2-1 Rev-A Overview Bollard Analysis Park Bollards Heavy Duty Range 2-2 Rev-B Baychester Range 2-3 Rev-A Conventry Range 2-4 Rev-A Warwick Range 2-4 Rev-A Urban Bollards Beacon Range 3-2 Rev-A Eclipse Range 3-3 Rev-B Tor 3 Range 3-4 Rev-A Viking 125 Range 3-4 Rev-A Esplanade Bollards Wave Range 4-2 Rev-A The Pioneer Post Bollard Caps Bollard Caps 6-2 Rev-A Installation of Bollards Treatment of Timber Maintenance of Exterior Timber Telescopic Security Bollards

3-1 Rev-A

4-1 Rev-A 5-1 Rev-A 6-1 Rev-A 7-1 Rev-A 8-1 Rev-A 9-1 Rev-A 10-1 Rev-A

WOOD PROTECTION
Copyright 2007 Outdoor Structures Australia.

OVERVIEW
Why develop a new range?
Outdoor Structures Australia (OSA) has a strong heritage and knowledge base in working with timber. To respond to our clients needs we are broadening our image in the marketplace to include all aspects of street furniture. Bringing our expertise and commitment to quality to new ranges that include alternative material production and innovative materials. As part of this re-definition OSA have engaged a leading firm of landscape architects to design a new range of mult-material bollards that will be unique. This is intended to limit the current situation where firms and clients are subject to alternative and frequently inferior copies being substituted by landscapers for genuine OSA specified product. Our new approach will protect OSA customers by limiting the potential for alternative (and other inferior) products being substituted for genuine OSA designs.
OSA Supplied Product Design by EDAW Gillepsies Australia

OSA Supplied Product Design by Gamble McKinnon Green

Design Philosophy
This guide not only encompasses a series of new bollard design options, but sets out a general framework (including design parameters and an analysis of core principals in relation to bollard design) that will facilitate future design work. OSA has established a framework for a design review process to help ensure that the company maintains a positive position in the market place with leading-edge products that generate interest, sales and an innovative image of the firm. Design trends will dictate that the range of bollards promoted will change over time but superseded designs will be still be manufactured to order.

Section 1-1 Rev-A

OVERVIEW & ANALYSIS

BOLLARD ANALYSIS
What is a bollard?
Bollards are a permeable barrier used to control access to spaces. In addition, their form and layout, mediate and control the transition across physical and perceptual boundaries to minimize conflict between different movement types.
OSA Supplied Product Design by Gamble MicKinnon Green

Bollard categories
Investigation into the application of bollards have established that there are three main bollard installation types: Park, Urban and Esplanade. The design parameters for each of these installation types are outlined in the following analysis of the respective environments. The key function of bollards is as a permeable barrier, but different applications require different types of barriers. The function is determined primarily by the angle between vehicular and pedestrian flows, the speed differential of the varying modes of movement and the available space for each type of movement. OSA has noted that this variation in function does not currently appear to have been a strong design consideration in the outdoor furniture industry (as shown lower left, where the designs are essentially undifferentiated from one another) these types of bollards offer little to the client or user. OSAs approch allows function to guide the bollards form, offer major benifits for controlling both movement patterns and the sense of barrier/safety.

They are such an identifiable element in the external landscape that even beyond their physical barrier, they are a visual signifier of safety and refuge.

What makes a successful bollard?

To be successful, bollards need to fulfil a range of design requirements, which would include the following: Reflecting the individuality of a project Establishing a context design types assist in regulating perception Uniformity of elements with a design style or language Furniture and detailing, conveying meaning and intent of the landscape to the user, consumer or purchaser

OSA Supplied Product Design by Gamble MicKinnon Green

Traditional but undifferentiated product

Section 1-2

PARK BOLLARDS
General requirements
Park environments are predominately open and uncluttered, resulting in bollard lines being read en-mass. In addition, park bollards are often experienced at a pedestrian scale, resulting in a personal engagement with the individual items. The market for mass park bollards will always be subject to high levels of competition from lowgrade timber substitutions and to price sensitivity. OSAs design philosophy for this particular market segment encourages the development of unique products. This necessitates a design approach for a client market focused on quality design that is above the lowest common dominator pricing. Park Bollard requirements: To enliven the expanse of space To encourage engagement To encourage a sense of play Expanses of rail-less boundary fencing (typically this is a non-intrusive bollard). There are two (2) main forms of bollards for park environmentsmass and feature. Given the long runs of bollards that traverse the park landscape there is the opportunity to design for mass effect as an experience rather that the individual item as a sculpture.

Feature bollards
These are located at points of entry, street intersections or activity centres. They tend to be: Taller than mass bollards Of increased mass Demarcations for entry points or a change in conditions Often carry detailing Presently, park bollards are in many ways conceptually closer to fencing purely functional barriers that offer little space for the activities that occur there. However, given park environments are primarily recreational and dominated by children; the rationale exists for feature bollards to be fun or engage the passerby/ user (who is open to the perception of messages given the environment). Noting the simplicity of the park landscape, design trends generally focus on primarily simple forms. Detail is applied with banding or capping that are propriety items. Options for detailing include: Leaf forms Words Place Names Grass bases Wave lines Bands Capping and base features

Mass bollards
These often function as fencing without rails. Due to the large expanses of bollards required they tend to be: Simple Inexpensive Smaller in size
OSA Baychester Bollard

OSA Supplied Product Design by SPLAT

Section 2-1 Rev-A

PARK

HEAVY DUTY RANGE

Introduction
Posts made from DRESSED 190 x 90 premium hardwood, Tanalith E treated.
Bollard 18 Bollard 15

Bollard 12

Specify OSA Base 200 x 100

Water shedding prole of rails (available separately)

Blanking ends available for all post types Specify OSA Continuous Trafc barrier system - rail is 3.6m

Specify OSA Free Standing trafc barrier set - rail is 3.6m

Specify OSA Heavy Duty 3 rail fencing system - rail is 2.7m

Specify OSA Heavy Duty removable barrier - rail is 4.2m

Optional lift out post for restricted access Specify OSA Heavy Duty 2 rail fencing system - rail is 2.7m

Images assume 600mm embedment

Actual product images can be seen at www.outdoorstructures.com.au Section 2-2 Rev-B

PARK

Tree Surround
Specify HDTS10 - 1.0m rail length HDTS12 - 1.2m rail length HDTS15 - 1.5m rail length Options 3 rail surround available Custom rail length available

Signage made to order

This sign uses blanking holes A and B at custom spacing and OSA barrier rail at a custom length. Talk to us about your requirements.

Special Holes
Available 1, 2 and 3 rail posts

Return 1 - Return 2 - Return 3 - Return 4

Blanking hole A

Blanking hole B

45 degree, type A

45 degree, type B

BAYCHESTER RANGE
Introduction
Posts made from natural 125 x 125 premium hardwood, Tanalith E treated. Specify OSA Baychester signboard to t sign. ?? high x ?? wide
(give actual dimensions of sign)

Baychester12

Baychester1350

Baychester15

Baychester18

Specify OSA base 125x125

2007 OSA

One, two or three rail options available. Specify Baychester 18 bollard and OSA vh145/44 rail (nominate lengths required)

Images assume 600mm embedment

Actual product images can be seen at www.outdoorstructures.com.au Section 2-3 Rev-A

PARK

COVENTRY RANGE
Introduction
Dressed 119 x 119 premium hardwood Tanalith E treated.

Bollard
Specify OSA Coventry bollard

Barrier Post
Matching barrier post dressed 144 x 144 with 85mm hole. To take OSAs barrier rail for post. Specify OSA Coventry barrier post. For rail specify OSA Sliprail

WARWICK RANGE
Introduction
Dressed 119 x 119 premium hardwood Tanalith E treated.

Bollard
Specify OSA Warwick bollard

Barrier Post
PARK

Matching barrier post dressed 144 x 144 with 85mm hole. To take OSAs barrier rail for post. Specify OSA Coventry barrier post. For rail specify OSA Sliprail

Images assume 600 embedment

Top of all posts are 900mm Actual product images can be seen at www.outdoorstructures.com.au Section 2-4 Rev A

URBAN BOLLARDS
General requirements
Urban bollards have quite different roles, being primarily sited in key locations to define decision points and mark boundaries. Situations that require the long soldier runs typical of park bollards rarely occur in urban environments. In the urban setting, ground level vistas lose clear perspective lines due to fragmentation by both the activity of people and competing street furniture. Bollards in these locations require particular characteristics to enable them to compete for visual space in a cluttered environment and fulfill their intended role. Typical applications of bollards in urban locations include: Blocking streets, particularly T-intersections at entries to malls or pedestrian ways. Protection at pedestrian crossing areas where pedestrians approach the verges and come in to conflict with the vehicular environment. Protection of vegetation areas -in high use pedestrian areas this may require additional barrier fencing. Protection of existing buildings or trees in close proximity to traffic zones. Due to regulations this usage is typical in older traditional areas of cities where space is at a premium and not designed for modern traffic conditions. through the pedestrian environment.

Thresholds
When moving in controlled footpaths the rigid structure and urban language informs and regulates pedestrian behavior. When these restrictions are lifted Design by S.P.L.A.T. Supplied by and the true urban Outdoor Structures Australia market comes into play (with its myriad of options and locations), it is observed that pedestrian traffic has a chaotic and random tendency in contrast to the rigidity of vehicular movement. The purpose of bollards is to mediate these two states by acting as a permeable threshold to the pedestrian zone. The transition through this permeable boundary, for example to a pedestrian zone, creates a sense of safety and welcomes the pedestrian into an environment that is free from the constraints imposed by the conventions of kerb and vehicular movement. Mass size and a strong graphical impact in bollard design can generate a perception of a wider threshold to the pedestrian spaces, offering the increased sense of protection for both pedestrian and driver.

Designer requirements
Urban bollards are set in hard surfaces and pavements and require suitable fixing mechanisms for hardscapes that are a part of the bollard design. They also require materials that maintain a commercially-acceptable quality over time. Edges and jointing are key factors in the ability of elements to maintain suitable life cycles and resilience. Design language should reference the environs. Shapes, forms and materials need to be of an urban scale and detail. Current urban aesthetic is sharp and graphical derived from pure forms. Provision of a suitable depth of threshold.

Design by S.P.L.A.T.

Critical design issues are outlined as follows:

Legibility
Urban bollards need to maximise visibility to ensure they are readable marker elements in the landscape. Mass, size, and a strong graphical design assist in readability by allowing pedestrians to visually construct images from glimpses

Section 3-1 Rev-A

URBAN

BEACON RANGE
OF LIGHTING BOLLARDS
Introduction
Custom lighting bollards use 190 x 90 hardwood, laser cut text or shape to cad file supplied by client. The product is built for the project, there is no standard. Specify OSA Custom Lighting bollard for Project Name

2007 Outdoor Structures Australia

Top of all posts is 1.0M

Actual product images can be seen at www.outdoorstructures.com.au Section 3-2 Rev-A

URBAN

ECLIPSE RANGE
Introduction
Custom bollards use 190 x 90 dressed hardwood on galvanised posts bolt down or set in posts (preferred) available.

Specify OSA Eclipse-E1

Specify OSA Eclipse-E3

Specify OSA Eclipse-E5

Specify OSA Eclipse-E6

2007 Outdoor Structures Australia

Specify OSA Eclipse-E7

Top of all posts is 0.83M

Actual product images can be seen at www.outdoorstructures.com.au Section 3-3 Rev-B

URBAN

Specify OSA Eclipse-E2

Specify OSA Eclipse-E4

TOR 3 RANGE
Introduction
Turned 116 Nom Dia premium hardwood Tanalith E treated prior to turning Top 900mm only turned

VIKING 125 RANGE

Introduction
URBAN

Dressed 119 x 119 premium hardwood Tanalith E treated. Stainless Steel Cap

Images assume 600 embedment

Top of all posts are 900mm Actual product images can be seen at www.outdoorstructures.com.au Section 3-4 Rev A

ESPLANADEBOLLARDS
General requirements
The pedestrianisation of city spaces as a mechanism to revitalize city centres, industrial landscapes and waterfronts has meant that this city form typified by malls, boulevards and river walks has become increasingly popular. Even though many of these spaces have a history as a vehicular street, esplanades tend to be strongly pedestrian in focus and the long vistas available result in an aesthetic language that is based in the formality and repetition of structure. Unlike the urban market place, pedestrian movement in the Esplanade is characterized by the linear rationale of the promenade. Due to the long linear spaces inherent in this typology, the main flows occur in open carriageways with minimal competing furniture. Accordingly, when the space is shared with vehicles the parallel directions of traffic and confined vehicle zones result in the requirement for a reduced depth of threshold. Typical functions of bollards in Esplanade environments include: Furniture Control of pedestrians Barriers to low speed traffic ways Protection of existing features such as planting areas or low hazards

Design requirements
Because bollards in this environment are in close proximity to people and the depth of thresholds is often minimal, bollards and other street elements require a conceptual relationship that is closer to furniture (rather than being primarily a barrier). Hence there is a requirement for these elements, including their form and finish, to be tactile, approachable and interactive with the pedestrian. Critical design issues are outlined as follows:

Threshold
As previously stated, the Esplanade threshold is interpreted as minimal and thin. There is scope to use the same bollard to warp the threshold where required, allowing for individual site conditions for example, squeezing and thickening the barrier at points of conflict to focus pedestrian attention and control speed and direction of crossing the barrier into traffic.
ESPLANADE

Legibility
The tendency for longer runs of bollards along boundaries facilitates the legibility of bollards in this environment, as people infer patterns on the landscape, allowing them to perceive bollards that may actually be obscured from view. Therefore, the design issue can become one of legibility at a finer scale, with the bollard detailing referencing the particular conditions either side of the permeable barrier.

Marshalls Cheltenham bollards illustrated - Available from Outdoor Structures Australia

Section 4-1 Rev-A

WAVE RANGE
Introduction
Dressed hardwood on galvanised posts bolt down or set in posts (preferred) available

A B BD E G I F Specify OSA WaveT1BD or OSA Wave T1G

= = = = = = =

LEGEND angle post blade post bolt down edge mount in ground internat mount faces mount Specify OSA WaveAF1BD or OSA WaveAF1G

2007 Outdoor Structures Australia

Top of all posts is 1.0m

Actual product images can be seen at www.outdoorstructures.com.au Section 4-2 Rev-A

ESPLANADE

Specify OSA WaveAE1BD or OSA WaveAE1G

Specify OSA WaveAE2BD or OSA WaveAE2G

Specify OSA WaveB1BD or OSA WaveB1G

Specify OSA WaveAI1BD or OSA WaveAI1G

THE PIONEER POST

Environmental issues
PIONEER POSTS

When enhancing the built environment, attention must be given to the effect on environment from which the raw materials are drawn. As an example the post illustrated below is 300x300 square and contains no heart (otherwise known as pith). The growth rings show that the log was about 2 metres in diameter!! Logs like this are only available from rain forests in third world countries where logging practices can be scandalous and environmental certificates of questionable value.

The largest size, free of heart, that is available in any quantity from the sustainably managed Queensland forest is 125x125. This is discussed in detail in our external Timber Design Note No 5 at
http://www.outdoorstructures.com.au/pdf/etdn_5.pdf

Design considerations
Larger posts can be striking in appearance and when at least 175x175, AS2086 allows them to be supplied with the heart (pith) in the centre. We have found that 200x200 which contains proportionally less heart is much more stable but this size along with 175x175 invariably splits down the length and the exposed heart eventually deteriorates, OSA has used its experience to develop a large section bollard that overcomes the typical issues associated with large sections.

The Pioneer TM Post allows designers to utilise a readily available and responsible resource.

Pioneer TM Post

When the plantations which were part of the SEQFA are on line the post will be an ideal application for this smaller diameter timber. In 1999 a historic agreement was achieved between the Queensland State Government, peak environmental bodies and the timber industry. In Australia, the South East Queensland Forests Agreement (SEQFA) remains the only forestry agreement to have widespread acceptance by environmental groups. Refer to our Boardwalk Design Guide where this remarkable agreement is elaborated upon. The effect of this agreement is that logs are much smaller and of a different grade than prior to 1999. This impacts design as quantities of large timber sizes are not available and grading has become critically important. A significant change is the difficulty in providing 150x150 conforming to grade specification i.e. free of heart (pith). The advantage of the Pioneer TMPost;

OSA supplied product Spotted gum oiled with Tanacoat Golden Oak. 192mm size.

Uniform Size the sawing tolerance of a standard rough-sawn 200x200 post is +8mm, -3mm and this can cause major problems on site Improved structure movement at a single expansion groove can be more than anticipated. The three grooves spread the movement over the post. Increased safety all edges are pencil rounded even the expansion groove are pencil rounded One plain face allows for engraving A decorative cast cap can be utilised to enhance the aesthetics. Sustainable resource

The post is available in two grades, bollard grade (600mm in-ground), and select post for shelter sheds and similar. When used as bollards the Pioneer TM Post must be capped.

Section 5-1 Rev-A

Examples of incorrect use of heart in timber

Split top and side

Deterioration at heart

This drawing shows the different size logs needed to cut different size timbers.

Section 5-2

BOLLARD CAPS
Introduction
Bollard cap design is a key area of the bollard market place, serving as both a protection mechanism of the underlying bollard structure (substrate), and adding value to the basic product as an identity device. bollard form. This is based on the philosophy that components of structures designed to come in contact with people should be visually identified as such by the use of contrasting material, form or texture. Moreover, items intended to be in contact with the body should be OSA Supplied Product designed to Design by Gamble McKinnon Green enhance the sensation of touch for the part of the body intended. As a manifestation of this design philosophy, a number of the attached bollard cap design options pursue forms that are intended as a tactile game, allowing the fingers to run across the cap and trace its sensual outline. This tactility and interactivity in cap design signals that the bollards are for close contact.
OSA Supplied Product Design by Irving Landscape Architecture

Bollard Cap Analysis

Bollards, although designed to segregate and delineate the landscape, may also have a role as furniture. This function requires a design response that is conscious of, and encourages, the proximity of people and their interaction with the bollard form.

OSA Supplied Product Design by Irving Landscape Architecture

The bollard cap is designed to be a touch sensation in addition to a visual enlivening of the Section 6-1 Rev-A

BOLLARD CAPS

Social dynamics show that social interactions in the environment tend to occur at points of transitionwhere there are elements that provide prospect and refuge and allow people to define a social space in the environment. Elements that form these transitions need to accommodate peoples desire to handle and come into contact with them as they seek to define a safe location in the landscape.

BOLLARD CAPS
Introduction
These illustrations show the possibilities when considering a cap for the pioneer post.

2007 Outdoor Structures Australia

For orders of over 200 bollards a simple cast cap may be an economic option
Section 6-2 Rev-A

BOLLARD CAPS

INSTALLATION OF BOLLARDS
Setting timber and steel posts in concrete could almost be classed as universal practice due to its simplicity. The following section covers critical information for this type of installation.

TIMBER & STEEL

directly into the holes and tamped without delay. All concrete shall be placed within one hour of batching. The no fines concrete shall not be reworked as this destroys the bond. It further states (which is more important for structural applications) For no fines concrete top OSA supplied product Designed by SPLAT the last 100mm with clay to prevent surface infiltration into the backfill. Note; Structural posts should have a pole bandage added at ground level. For large free standing in ground timber structures such as totems the advice of a specialist timber engineer should be sought. Alternatively contact Timber Queensland for advice. At this stage we are not aware of decay problems related to correctly treated pine set in normal concrete.

Timber
OSA was made aware of decay associated with mixing hardwood and concrete many years ago when we are supplying powerpoles. Decay was aggravated by situations such as a domestic footpath where there was frequent watering and the addition of fertilizer. This is a situation many landscaping projects would experience. As the timber shrinks a gap develops between the post and the concrete, water is trapped while fertilizer promotes decay organisms. The problem is not solved by only specifying (and hopefully receiving) Durability 1 in-ground timber. For all timber posts in ground we recommend backfilling with: Natural earth if suitable, Fine crushed rock; or, No fines concrete OSAs recommendation for no fines concrete follows that of Timber Queensland in its Technical Data Sheet No. 9 Timber Retaining Walls for Residential Applications where it says: No fines concrete shall be 10mm maximum aggregate size, 450 kg cement per m3 and a water cement ratio of 0.55. The concrete shall be Readymixed or hand mixed manufactured to the requirements of AS 1379. For no fines concrete the concrete shall be well agitated immediately before placing to ensure a complete coating of the aggregate. The concrete shall be discharged

Steel
Galvanised steel is prone to rusting at the ground line. Steel set in concrete should have adequate thickness to allow for some degrade. OSA never uses less than 4mm. Specifiers should consider the application of a Tar Epoxy substitute such as Ameron Amercoat 385 to galvanised steel

Courtesy of Guymer Bailey Architects Photos of poor installation detailing. This can be avoided.

Section 7-1 Rev-A

INSTALLATION OF BOLLARDS

TREATMENT OF TIMBER
The combination of species and treatments used by OSA and its recommended installation practices has proven effective in providing landscaping that is durable and ages gracefully. By contrast, vague timber specifications such as F14 hardwood treated to H5 provide no certainty of long term outcomes. frequently preservation of sawn pine is inadequate. While pine rounds treat well and give a very effective envelope protection, with sawn sections a large portion can be left untreated because the heart of pine is virtually as untreatable as hardwood. The image shows the cross section of a 200x100 pine bollard incised to a depth of only 3mm instead of required 10mm. It has been sprayed with a chemical that shows the penetration of preservative. To achieve the legal requirements for H4 treatment of pine in large section timbers require incising to a depth of 10mm. Steaming prior to treatment can improve penetration also. A single stage process should be avoided. Depending on availability OSA uses both materials. Bollards are a grey area as to whether CCA can be used and frequently they are supplied CCA treated (particularly pine). OSA uses Tanalith E (no chrome or arsenic) with a wax additive to provide water repellancy to the pine. Following is detailed information on timber treatment and maintenance which explains many of the misconceptions of timber treatment and has an important education value. Informed readers may wish to skip to Maintenance of Exterior Timber.
Note: Natural durability refers only to mature outer heartwood. Sapwood of all timber species is considered non-durable.

HARDWOOD
Preservation or Sapwood Stabilisation?
Sapwood is the only portion of hardwood that can be treated. OSAs timber bollards contains only a small amount of sapwood. The photo shows the typical area that can be treated in a batch of 200x100 Picture shows sapwood (highlighted timber. Treatment in red) in un-treated bollards affects the shaded areas only and offers no chemical protection to the remaining timber. If the sapwood in this pack was not treated and completely decayed the bollard would still be within recognised structural limits. The treatment process on sawn timber bollards serves an important task of stabilising the above ground sapwood but it does not preserve the critical heartwood portion in the ground. Species selection, grade and correct installation is far more critical than treatment considerations. A request for H5 treatment will do absolutely nothing worthwhile to the timber but may cause complications by introducing CCA timber. Ignoring the present perceived health risk, the CCA treated bollards may be difficult to dispose of at the end of their service life. Treatment will not compensate for inappropriate specification and installation OSA takes care of this for you.

PINE
Correct treatment is critical
Unlike hardwood the chemical treatment of pine is critical. Pine has very poor natural durability (Durability 4 in ground) yet Section 8-1 Rev-A

TREATMENT OF TIMBER

Importance of timber preservation

It must be accepted that wood is perishable hence; timber may suffer deterioration through the action of insects, fungi and marine boring organisms. This deterioration however, can be reduced if conditions are made unsuitable for these destructive agents. Timber can also be protected from attack by making the wood unpalatable to attacking organisms. Timber preservation uses chemicals which improve the natural durability of the sapwood, rendering it toxic and thus unpalatable to insects, fungi and marine borers. The natural durability of timber is classified according to the resistance of the heartwood to deterioration. It has been found that the sapwood of all timbers is always non-durable and will rapidly deteriorate if not protected.

Hazard level and timber preservation specications

The treatment of timber with preservatives is concerned mainly with the protection of sapwood. The amount of preservative required in the timber is expressed as its Retention Level There are three legislated standards that specify the required minimum retention levels for specific hazards and end uses. The national standard is AS1604 (1997) while Queensland has the Timber Utilisation and Marketing Act (TUMA) and New South Wales has the Timber Marketing Act (TMA). Each standard uses the same terminology to describe the six main exposure and biological hazards, for example:

Natural durability
The heartwood of all timbers can be classified according to its natural durability (or resistance) against attack by wood destroying organisms such as termites, borers and decay fungi. The resistance is due to the presence of special tannins, oils, resins and extractives in the heartwood that repel or kill insects and decay. There are four classifications of natural durability with examples for each shown below.

In any particular charge of treated timber there will be a range of preservative penetrations and retentions depending on the moisture content, sapwood:heartwood ratio, species, treatment schedule and inclusion of additives. The table shows the treatment requirements considering natural durability.

Tanilith E (copperbased) preservatives

In response to increasing environmental pressure to find preservative formulations that have reduced reliance on non-biodegradable and heavy metal constituents, a number of copper-based preservatives have been developed such as Tanalith E (or Copper Azole). These preservatives have copper as a primary active constituent as well as an organic co-biocide such as Tebuconazole. Use of these products is limited in Australia to date but will increase in coming years. Their main advantage is the elimination of arsenic and chromium which is seen as an improvement for occupational health, environmental liability and disposal of wastes. OSA was the first company to treat with Tanalith E in Australia.

There are many different situations and applications in which timber can be used. The Australian Standard AS1604 (1997) has provided strict guidelines for the amount of chemical preservative required in the sapwood of timber in order for the wood to perform as we expect.

Section 8-2

MAINTENANCE OF EXTERIOR TIMBER

Introduction
All timber, (irrespective of species, durability classification, or whether it is preservative treated or not) will undergo changes when exposed to the sun and rain. It will lose its natural colour and fade to a silver/grey, its surface will become rough, and splits and cracks could develop. Weathering primarily affects the appearance of timber, however in the long term could affect durability and performance. Varying degrees of protection from weathering may be provided by the application of coatings such as paints, water repellents, water repellent preservatives and pigmented penetrating stains. Note: Preservatives used to increase durability (protection from decay and/or insects) do not permanently prevent timber from weathering. After initial construction of timber structures it has been recognized that maintenance is seldom carried out often due to the difficulty and cost of surface finish reapplication. This need not be the case.
MAINTENANCE OF EXTERIOR TIMBER

Product Description
Tanacoat is a high flash solvent based, clear coating that enhances the timber grain and provides protection to the timber against sunlight and moisture. Tanacoat is designed to penetrate the timber and inhibit mould growth. The special UV absorbers retard the surface degradation of the timber from weathering effects. Tanacoat is suitable for all popular timbers including Spotted Gum, Iron Bark, Blackbutt, Cedar, Meranti, Jarrah, Merbau (Kwila), Balau, Brush Box, Tasmanian Oak, Teak, Tallowwood, Cypress Pine and Oregon. Dense and waxy timbers such as Merbau, Tallowwood and Teak should be allowed to weather for approximately 3 months so as to allow the timber surface to become receptive for the coating to penetrate. This stage occurs when the timber first starts to take on a slight greying effect. Tanacoat is not recommended where the altered colour finish is not desired.

Weathering Protection
The application and regular maintenance of coatings will reduce weathering. Proper finishing also helps external timber fulfill its designed function. Moisture protection finishes form a barrier between the weather and the timber, reducing water absorption on wetting, and slowing moisture loss on drying. UV light protection finishes generally should contain a pigment (light colours preferred). The pigment reflects or absorbs the UV light, and shields the timber.

Exterior Timber
Tanacoat may be applied to either rough sawn or
Pioneer post with Tanacoat jarrah decking oil

Tanacoat
Tanacoat has been developed as a maintenance protection system for weather exposed timber structures. This minimises premature degradation of the timber surfaces, whether through UV effects or water absorption. A short life span, high maintenance and unsightly timber are increasingly accepted as a consequence of using timber. Checking, cracking, delaminating, discoloration, twisting and bowing can be minimized by caring for your timber structure.

Section 9-1 Rev-A

dressed timber. Apply one coat of Tanacoat by brush or spray well into the timber and allow a minimum of 48 hours to dry. Differences in colour and effect may result from the natural variation in the absorption characteristics of the timber. Excess material should be wiped off within 1-2 hours of application. Generally one coat will suffice. If a second coat is required apply a thin coat of Tanacoat within 24-48 hours of the first application. Ensure all end grain is well coated to minimize water penetration. Dressed timber may be coated using a lambswool applicator soaked in Tanacoat with the excess material wiped off after 1-2 hours. Where external timber has completely greyed in colour then the timber should be rejuvenated either by sanding or using a propriety timber cleaner. All moss, algae, lichen etc must be completely removed using chlorine bleach or a propriety mould treatment. Use according to package directions.

Pioneer post with sealing coat of Tanacoat golden oak

OSA supplied product Designed by SPLAT

Obviously the oil cannot penetrate freshly processed, unseasoned timber as the outer layers are full of moisture. Tanacoat can be applied as a protective coat at this stage - refer note on waxy species - but a second coat will have to be applied. Section 9-2

TELESCOPIC SECURITY BOLLARDS

Model R8BLACK R8YELLOW RD4BLACK RD4SS

Colour Black Yellow Black Stainless

Tube Dia. 90mm 90mm mm 76mm 76mm

Reinforced Yes Yes No No No

Above Ground 670mm 670mm 500mm 500mm 500mm

Below Ground 950mm 950mm 700mm 700mm 700mm

RD4YELLOW Yellow

2007 Outdoor Structures Australia

The complete range of Rhino Security Bollards by Marshalls Street Furniture is available through OSA. These are high quality UK products manufactured to a very high standard.

Section 10-1 Rev-A

TELESCOPIC SECURITY BOLLARDS