EXAM REVIEW:

ESO 2

SECOND CONDITIONAL.
Used when we dont expect the action to take place.
Structure:
If clause
+ main clause
If + subject + past simple,
subject
+
would/wouldnt + infinitive
If I had a lot of money,
I would buy a beautiful house.
It is possible for the main clause to go before the If clause. Eg. I
would buy a beautiful house if I had a lot of money.

1. If I had some spare money, I _______________________ a DVD player. (to

buy)
2. Those children _______________________ so horrible if their parents were
stricter. (to be)
3. I wouldn't go out with him even if you _______________________ me. (to
pay)
4. If we _______________________ so hard, we wouldn't be so tired all the
time. (to work)
5. If she didn't take so long in the shower, she _______________________
more time for breakfast. (to have)
6 If you _______________________ so much beer, you wouldn't be so fat. (to
drink)
7. The world _______________________ a better place if politicians were less
stupid. (to be)
8. I _______________________ to visit Thailand if I had the chance. (to love)
9. If I had more free time, I _______________________ a play. (to write)
10. If you _______________________ a digital camera, you could send photos
by email. (to have)
11. He would definitely lose weight if he _______________________ eating
carbohydrates and sugar. (to stop)
12. We could go travelling across France if we _______________________ a
tent. (to buy)
13. Valencia would have the perfect climate if it _______________________ so
hot in July and August. (to be)
14. If I understood more about computers,
I______________________________________ help you out. (to be able to)
15. I wouldn't do that if I _______________________ you. (to be)

INDEFINITE PRONOUN.
Somebody; everybody; anybody; nobody.

(body/one are equal, eg

anyone/anybody)

Structure:
Follow the same rules as some and any: words with some are
used in positive sentences and words with any are used in
negative sentences or questions. Words with no = not + any.
Fill in the gaps with somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything,
nothing, somewhere, anywhere or nowhere.
1. I know _______________________ about this issue that you may find
interesting, but if I tell you, you must promise to keep it (a) secret.
2. _______________________ lives here. There is no water.
3. I spent the night _______________________ near the beach.
4. _______________________ could have jumped over this wall, and stole your
rake. It's very low.
5. _______________________ scares him. He's very brave.
6. There is _______________________ to park here. Let's go _______________________
else to park.
7. Would you like _______________________ to wash your hands?.
8. May I have _______________________ for dessert, please?
9. They took him _______________________ in London, and he never returned.
10. Please don't leave _______________________ behind at home. We'll be away
for a fortnight.
11. She needs _______________________ to love. She's very lonely.
12. They will not sing _______________________ in this city. They said that they
would never come back.
13. There isn't _______________________ you can do to help them.
_______________________ can help them.
14. We do not need _______________________ else to run this department. We
can do it ourselves.
15. _______________________ is ringing the bell. Go and see who it is.
16. _______________________ phoned while we were out, but they did not leave
a message.
17. _______________________ tells me that there is _______________________ fishy
going on .
18. They are looking for _______________________ to settle down and have
children. They want to find a quiet place to lead a quiet life.

19. "Where would you like to stay?"

_______________________ will do provided it is a clean place."
20. "Is there _______________________ at home?"
"I don't think there is _______________________ . Mum and dad must have
gone out."

CAUSATIVE HAVE.
Used to say that we arrange for somebody else to do
something for us.
Structure:
Have + object + Past participle.
I had my car repaired.

Rewrite the sentences using the correct form of 'have

something
done'.
Example: She went to a chiropodist and he treated her feet.
She had her feet treated.
1 I pay a window cleaner to clean my windows every month.

________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________

2 I pay a garage to grease my car.

________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________

3 The shoe-mender is repairing my shoes for me.

________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________

4 I can't buy clothes to fit me so I employ a tailor to make them for

me.

________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________

5 I paid a watchmaker to clean my watch.

________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________

6 I asked the fishmonger to open the oysters for me.

________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________

7 I went to a jeweller and he pierced my ears for me.

________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________

8 They employed builders to put a new roof on the house.

________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________

9 The tap kept dripping so I sent for a plumber to see to it.

________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________

10 He paid a lorry driver to tow the car to a garage.

________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________

WANT / ASK / TELL SOMEONE TO DO SOMETHING.

Want = to desire; ask = questions; tell = statements:
Subject + want/ask/tell + object pronoun + to +
infinitive
I want you to talk together. She asked the teacher to go to the
toilet. He told them to be quiet.

MAKING DEDUCTIONS.
Used to say what is possibly happening or not happening
Structure:
Positive deduction = must: He won the match, he must be
happy.
Negative deduction = cant: She got 0/10, she cant be very
intelligent.
Present
subject + modal auxiliary verb + verb bare infinitive
subject + modal auxiliary verb + be + verb-ing
Past
subject + must/cant+ have + verb past participle
subject + must/cant + have + been + verb-ing

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets,
positive or negative.

1 There's no reply. He__________ be out.

must
can't
2 I've got no idea where she is. Try the library. She____________ be in there.
can't
must
3 Look at the way that guy's walking. He__________ be drunk!
cant
must
4 'I've been working since 5 this morning.'
'You cant be exhausted!'
'You must be exhausted!'
5 You __________ be hungry again. You've only just had dinner!
can't
must
6 They _____________ got in through the window - it's on the 21st floor!
must have

can't have

REPORTED SPEECH.
Used to say what another person said. It is often used with the
verbs say and tell (or ask in questions). Say can be followed by
that but not an object pronoun. Tell can also be followed by
that and usually uses an object pronoun. 'say something' and 'tell
someone'.

I am hungry He says (that) he is hungry. He tells me (that) he

is hungry.
If say or tell are in the present tense then the other tenses
dont change.
I am happy He says he is happy.
If say or tell are in the past tense then the other tenses change.

I am tired He said he was tired.

I will be angry He said he would be angry.
1 "I'm going to France next week."
He said that _________________________ to France
_________________________ week.
2 "They haven't spoken to their parents for six years."
She said that they _________________________ to their parents for six
years.
3 "Sue doesn't want to go out with me."
He said that Sue _________________________ to go out with
_________________________.
4 "You'll have to be here at 3 o'clock this afternoon."
She told me that I _________________________ at 3 o'clock
_________________________.
5 "I moved into my flat three years ago."
I said that I _________________________ into my flat three years
_________________________.
6 "If I hear anything I'll phone you."
He told me that if he _________________________ anything he
_________________________.
7 "You can move into the flat as soon as you want."
She told _________________________ that they _________________________
into the flat as soon as
_________________________.
8 "You must bring me the money tomorrow."
He told us that _________________________ the money
_________________________.
9 "I often go to the cinema."
She told us that she often _________________________ to the cinema.
10 "I'm going to do it now if you'll let me."
She told him that she _________________________ if he
_________________________.

Vocabulary:

COMPUTERS

CD-ROM, mouse, notebook/laptop, modem, printer, flat screen,

keyboard, DVD-R/W, USB stick, speakers.

HOLIDAYS
Book, buy, look at, make, find out, hire, check out, plan.
ENVIRONMENT
Litter lout, recycle, ride, save, bring a basket
PHYSICAL APPEARANCE
Words to describe hair, body, eyes, clothes and hair.