midas Gen One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Pushover Analysis

Midas Gen Advanced Webinar

One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Webinar Schedule
Topics Basic February Product Introduction & General Use Presenter Yaman Date 2/14, Tue

Advanced
Basic March

Concrete Building Design (Beam, Column, Wall, Slab)

Product Introduction & General Use

Ravi
Yaman

2/28, Tue
3/13, Tue

Advanced
Basic April

Steel Structure Design

Product Introduction & General Use

Ravi
Yaman

3/27, Tue
4/10, Tue

Advanced
Basic May Advanced Basic June Advanced

Pushover Analysis
Product Introduction & General Use Time History Analysis Product Introduction & General Use Construction Stage Analysis & Column Shortening

Ravi
Yaman Ravi Yaman Ravi

4/24, Tue
5/15, Tue 5/29, Tue 6/12, Tue 6/26, Tue

midas Gen One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Pushover Analysis
Webinar Objective

Methods of Analysis for Earthquake Resistant Structures

Introduction to Pushover Analysis Pushover Analysis of RC Building Pushover Analysis of Steel Building Conclusion

Midas Gen Advanced Webinar

One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Objective

1. Introduction to Pushover Analysis.

2. Discussion of Features available in midas Gen for Pushover Analysis. 3. Live demonstration of interpretation of results. performing pushover analysis and

4. At the conclusion of the webinar attendees will be familiar with pushover analysis and midas Gen applicability to it.

midas Gen One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Pushover Analysis
Webinar Objective

Methods of Analysis for Earthquake Resistant Structures

Introduction to Pushover Analysis Pushover Analysis of RC Building Pushover Analysis of Steel Building Conclusion

Midas Gen Advanced Webinar

Methods of Analysis for Earthquake Resistance Structures

One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Design Methods
Force Based Design
Elastic Response Acceleration is determined form the estimated structural period and given design
elastic response spectrum.

Modified design acceleration is obtained by dividing the Elastic Response Acceleration by Response
Reduction Factor (R)

Design Force is calculated using modified design acceleration.

Displacement Check is made after the structural members satisfy the Force requirements.

Problems : The distribution of design forces are based on initial estimate of stiffness and as stiffness is dependent

on the strength of elements, this cannot be know until the design process is complete.
Distribution of seismic forces between elements based on initial stiffness is illogical, as it incorrectly assumes different elements can be forced to yield simultaneously. Ductility capacity is a function of structural geometry, not just of structural type. Hence it is inappropriate to specify a same displacement ductility factor for all structures of the same type.

Midas Gen Advanced Webinar

Methods of Analysis for Earthquake Resistance Structures

One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Design Methods
Performance Based Design/ Displacement Based Design
Importance of deformation rather than strength in seismic performance is gaining more popularity in
recent times due to the deficiencies inherent in the force-based system of seismic design.

The design is carried out by specifying a target displacement.

There is no need to use a force reduction factor

The inelastic nature of the structure during a earthquake is directly addressed.

Displacement based design procedure can provide a reliable indication of damage potential.

Midas Gen Advanced Webinar

Methods of Analysis for Earthquake Resistance Structures

One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Analysis Methods

Linear

Nonlinear

Static

Dynamic

Static

Dynamic

Equivalent Lateral Load

Small Displacement

Response Spectrum Analysis

Small Displacement

Equivalent Lateral Load

Small or Large Displacement

Nonlinear Response History Analysis

Small or Large Displacement

Linear Response History Analysis

Small Displacement

Sequential Yield Analysis Pushover Analysis

midas Gen One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Pushover Analysis
Webinar Objective
Methods of Analysis for Earthquake Resistant Structures Introduction to Pushover Analysis Pushover Analysis of RC Building Pushover Analysis of Steel Building

Conclusion

Midas Gen Advanced Webinar

Introduction

One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Why Pushover Analysis

Pushover Analysis in the recent years is becoming a popular method of predicting seismic
forces and deformation demands for the purpose of performance evaluation of existing and new structures. Pushover analysis is a partial and relatively simple intermediate solution to the complex problem of predicting force and deformation demands imposed on structures and their elements by severe ground motion. Pushover analysis is one of the analysis methods recommended by Eurocode and FEMA 273.

Midas Gen Advanced Webinar

Introduction

One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Why Pushover Analysis

Pushover analysis provides valuable insights on many response characteristics like

Force Demand on Potentially brittle elements.

Consequences of strength deterioration of individual elements on structural behavior. Identification of critical regions in which the deformation demands are expected to be high and that have to become the focus of through detailing. Identification of strength discontinuities in plan or elevation that will lead to changes in dynamic characteristics in the inelastic region. Verification of completeness and adequacy of load path, considering all structural and non structural elements of the structural system.

Midas Gen Advanced Webinar

Introduction

One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

What is Pushover Analysis

Is a technique by which a structure is subjected to a incremental lateral load of certain

shape.
The sequence of cracks, yielding, plastic hinge formation and failure of various structural components are noted. The structural deficiencies are observed and rectified. The iterative analysis and design goes on until the design satisfies a pre-established criteria. The performance criteria is generally defined as Target displacement of the structure at roof level.

Midas Gen Advanced Webinar

Introduction

One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Performance Level
Performance Level is defined as the expected behavior of the building in the design

earthquake in terms of limiting levels of damage to the structural and nonstructural

components The limiting condition is described by the physical damage within the building, the threat to life safety of the buildings occupants created by the damage, and the post earthquake serviceability of the building.

Midas Gen Advanced Webinar

Introduction

One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Performance Level
Operational Level
This is the performance level related to functionality and any required repairs are minor.

Immediate Occupancy level

This corresponds to the most widely used criteria for essential facilities. The buildings spaces and systems are expected to be reasonably usable

Life Safety Level

This level is intended to achieve a damage state that presents an extremely low probability of threat to life safety, either from structural damage or from falling or tipping of nonstructural building component

Collapse Prevention Level

This damage state addresses only the main building frame or vertical load carrying system and requires only stability under vertical loads.

Midas Gen Advanced Webinar

Introduction

One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Seismic hazard
Seismic Hazard is a function of

The Building Performance level

The Mapped Acceleration Parameters The Site Class Coefficients The Effective structural damping The fundamental Structural Period

The general response spectrum is formulated

Midas Gen Advanced Webinar

Introduction

One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Target Displacement
The Target displacement is calculated by

dt = C0C1C2C3SaTe2g/4p2
where:
C0 = Modification factor for SDOF MDOF C1 = Modification Factor to relate expected maximum inelastic displacements to displacements calculated for liner elastic response C2 = Modification factor to represent the effect of hysteresis shape on the

maximum displacement response

C3 = Modification Factor to represent increased displacements due to dynamic P effects. Sa = Response spectrum acceleration Te = Characteristic period of the response spectrum.

Midas Gen Advanced Webinar

Introduction

One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Reasons for Performing Pushover Analysis

Why Pushover Analysis over Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis
To run a full dynamic, non linear analysis on even a simple structure takes a long time. But with pushover analysis accurate results can be obtained in fractions of the

time it would take to get any useful results from the fully dynamic analysis.

When performing a dynamic analysis, it is best to use a series of earthquakes. The

Pushover Analysis naturally accounts for all earthquakes with the same probability of

exceedance by predicting the maximum displacement that can be expected in the

form of the Target Displacement.

midas Gen One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Pushover Analysis
Webinar Objective
Methods of Analysis for Earthquake Resistant Structures Introduction to Pushover Analysis Pushover Analysis of RC Building Pushover Analysis of Steel Building

Conclusion

Midas Gen Advanced Webinar

Introduction

One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Pushover Analysis Procedure

Process in midas Gen
Pushover Global Control Define Lateral Loads Define Hinge Properties

Check Pushover Curve and Target Disp.

Perform Analysis

Assign Hinges

Check Hinge Status

Safety Verification

Midas Gen Advanced Webinar

Introduction

One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

RC Model
G1 C1 LB1 G1 C1

Designation

Story 12~15F 8~11F 4~7F 1~3F

Section Number 104 103 102 101

Column Dimension 500 x 500 600 x 600 700 x 700 800 x 800

15@3,000 = 45,000

C1

Designation G1 LBl

Section Number 21 31

Section Dimension 350 x 600 200 x 300

unit : mm
9000 4000 1200 4000 9000

27200

Midas Gen Advanced Webinar

Introduction

One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Hinge Properties

Hinge Property
1.2

B
1

B - Yield State
IO immediate Occupancy

0.8 Moment/SF

IO

LS

CP

LS Life Safety
CP Collapse Prevention C Ultimate State
D

0.6

0.4

0.2

E A

0 0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 Rotation/SF 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04

Midas Gen Advanced Webinar

Introduction

One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Pushover Curve
Spectral Acceleration (Sa) Roof Displacement (U)
Spectral Displacement (Sd)

Base Shear (V)

Pushover Curve

Capacity Spectrum

S a V / W / 1 S d roof / PF1 * 1 ,roof

Midas Gen Advanced Webinar

Introduction

One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Demand Spectrum
T0

T0
Time Period

Spectral Acceleration (Sa)

Spectral Acceleration

Spectral Displacement (Sd)

Acceleration Vs Time Period

Acceleration Vs Displacement

Sd = SaT2/4p2

Midas Gen Advanced Webinar

Introduction

One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Performance Point

Spectral Acceleration

Demand Spectrum for effective damping at performance point

Capacity Spectrum

Spectral Displacement

midas Gen One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Pushover Analysis
Webinar Objective
Methods of Analysis for Earthquake Resistant Structures Introduction to Pushover Analysis Pushover Analysis of RC Building Pushover Analysis of Steel Building

Conclusion

Midas Gen Advanced Webinar

Introduction

One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Steel Model
Section Name
C1 C2 G1

Section ID
1 2 21

Section DB
UNI UNI UNI

Section Size
HEA240 HEA300 HEA280

G2
Brace1

22
31

UNI
UNI

IPE240
HEA160

Brace2

32

UNI

HEA120

Figure 1. Three-dimensional structural model

BR1
10,000 2,500 G2
3,000 3,000

2,500

2,500
BR

2,500

BR1

6,000

G1

G1

G1

BR2
G2 C2
BR

G2 C1 C2

Figure 2. Structural plan

Figure 3. Elevation

3,000

9,000

C2

C1

G2

C2

midas Gen One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Pushover Analysis
Webinar Objective
Methods of Analysis for Earthquake Resistant Structures Introduction to Pushover Analysis Pushover Analysis of RC Building Pushover Analysis of Steel Building

Conclusion

Midas Gen Advanced Webinar

Introduction

One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Conclusion
Pushover Analysis is a very useful tool for the evaluation of New and existing structures. Pushover Analysis provided much useful information that cannot be obtained from elastic static and dynamic analysis. Pushover Analysis provides a relatively simple solution than nonlinear Dynamic analysis and more realistic and comprehensive solution than linear elastic analysis.

Push over analysis require considerable amount of understanding of the subject by the
engineer.

Pushover analysis is approximate in nature and is based on static loading and it cannot
represent the dynamic phenomena with a large degree of accuracy.

Pushover Analysis does not create good solutions, it only evaluates solution.
Load pattern choice makes a huge difference to the analysis results.

midas Gen One Stop Solution for Building and General Structures

Q&A