HistoryofUS:War,TerribleWar! Chapter23 AwesomeFighting Gettysburg,Pennsylvania July1863 ConfederatesoldiersencounterUnioncavalry. Neitherarmyisreadyforabigbattle,butitbuildstoone. July1 Rebels(Confederatesoldiers)confidentaftertheirvictoryatChancellorsville. BattlewasbackandforthbeforetheRebelswonthatday. UnionhadtheadvantagebeingonCemeteryRidge. Stuart,theConfederatecavalryguywentthewrongway.

wrongway. Nightof7/1: Unionsoldierssleeping/prayingonCemeteryRidge Confederatesoldierssleeping/prayingonSeminaryRidge Bothsidesprayingaboutthenextday. Bytheendof7/2,battlefieldisclutteredwithbodiesfrombothsides. July3 RobertE.LeeorderstwohoursofconstantcannonbombardmentofUnion army. GeorgePickettshowsupwithmoreConfederatesoldiers Longstreet(Leesadvisor)recommendsthatConfederacypullsoutof Gettysburgandfightsdefensively. LeeinsistsonPickettleadingachargeagainsttheUnionArmy. GeneralPickettchargedacrossthevalleytowardtheUnionlineswith15,000 soldiers. ConfederatecannonsshotwildlyattheUnionside,notrealizinghow inaccuratetheirshootingwas. AstheConfederatetroopsconfidentlycharged,theyweremassacredbythe mostlyintactUnionArmy. ItwasnotclearwhyGeneralLeehadusedsuchanoutofdateand unsuccessfulapproachtofighting. TotalConfederatesoldierskilledorwounded:23,000 TotalUnionsoldierskilledorwounded:17,500

HistoryofUS:War,TerribleWar! Chapter26 MoreBattlesWillItEverEnd? 1864UlyssesS.GrantinchargeofUnionArmy RobertELeeinchargeofConfederateArmy Largermorepowerfulnorthernarmyhadwantedtoendthewarquickly SmallersouthernarmywantedtotryandoutlasttheNorth. HeadingforRichmondinspringof1864,Granthad120,000menandLeeabout halfthatnumber. NumerousgruesomebattlesinVirginia. About100,000Uniontroopsdisappearforthreedays.Theysecretlyheadsouth thethecityofPetersburgontheJamesRiver.Petersburgisthemainportand supplycenterforRichmond,theConfederaciescapital. TheUnionArmybuildsapontoonbridgeovertheJamesRIver. ThesubsequentBattleofPetersburglastedfor10months! Manyrebels(confederates)weredeserting By1864,allfightinginthewarwasintheSouth. Southerntroopstriedtosurvivebytakingfoodfromfarmstheypassedthrough. TheythenburnedthefarmstodeprivetheNorthofthefood. WilliamTecumsehShermantookhisdivisionoftheUnionArmyfromTennessee intoGeorgiaandtheCarolinas. Shermanusedatacticcalledtotalwar,whichcuta40milewidepathof destruction,burningfields,homes,towns,andkillinglivestock. Atthispoint,EVERYONEwassickofthewar,andLincolnwassettolosethe Presidencyin1864becauseofhowlongthewarhadgoneon. ShermanscapturingthecityofAtlanta,GeorgiafortheUnionhelpedtoturnthetide ofthewar,andwasakeyeventinLincolnsreelection.

HistoryofUS:War,TerribleWar! Chapter28 ClosingInOntheEnd March1865,anexhaustedPresidentLincolngetsawaytoCityPoint,Virginia(near Petersburg)tovisitGeneralGrantinUnionArmyheadquarters.GeneralSherman soonarrivesfromtheCarolinas,andthethreemettoconsultonendingthewar. GeneralLeeacknowledgesthattheUnionsiegeofPetersburgandRichmondis working,andhepreparestofleesouthtojoinanotherdivisionoftheConfederate Army. Makingmattersworse,GeneralPickett(theonewholedtheunsuccessfulsouthern chargeinGettysburg)lostakeybattletotheUnionatnearbyFiveForks. BeforeleavingRichmondandPetersburg,LeeadvisesJeffersonDavis(President oftheCOnfederacy)toalsoflee. AstheConfederateleadersandtroopsabandontheircapital,theyburnsupplies thatcouldpotentiallybehelpfultotheUnionArmy. LincolnvisitedRichmondonApril4,1865. WhileRichmondhadfallen,thewarwasnotoveruntilLeesarmywascaptured. GrantsuccessfullysurroundedandforcedtheConfederacyssurrenderat AppomattoxCourthouseonApril9,1865.