Exercise

1. Compute the following vector expressions for = 1,2 , = 4, 1 , and = (3,5). (a) + 3 (b) 2 + 3 (c) 3 + 4 2 2. Prove that the set with the operations of addition and scalar multiplication defined as follow is a vector space 1 , , + 1 , , = 1 + 1 , , + 1 , , = 1 , , Determine + and for the following vectors and scalars in 2 . (a) = 2 , 3 + 4 , = 5,1 + 3 , = 3 2 . (b) = 1 + 5 , 2 3 , = 2 , 3 2 , = 4 + . 3. Let be the set of vectors of the form , 2 , . Show that is not a subspace of 3 . 4. Prove that the set of 2 2 diagonal matrices is a subspace of the vector space 22 of 2 2 matrices. 5. Let denote the set of real polynomial functions of degree . Prove that is a vector space if addition and scalar multiplication are defined on polynomials in a point wise manner.

6. Let be the set of vectors of the form , , + 2 . Show that is not a subspace of 3 . 7. Consider the sets of vectors of the following form. Prove that the sets are subspaces of 3 . (a) , , 0 (b) , 2 , (c) , + , 3 8. Are the following sets subspaces of 3 ? The set of all vectors of the form , , where (a) + + = 0 (b) = 0 (c) = .

9. Prove that the following sets are not subspaces of 3 . The set of all vectors of the form (a) ( , + 1, ) (b) , , + 4 . 10. Let be the set of all vectors of the form , , and be the set of all vectors of the form , + , . Show that and are the same set. Is this set a subspace of 3 ?

Answers

1. (a) 13, 1 2. (a) 7 , 4 + 7

(b) 17, 4

(c) 19, 20

(b) 4 7 , 17 + 6

3. is not a subspace. 4. It is a vector space of matrices, embedded in 22 5. Subspace 6. Not a subspace 7. (a) The set is the plane (b) The set is the plane given by the equation = 2 . (c) The set is the plane given by the equation = 3 . 8. (a) Subspace (b) Not a subspace (c) Not a subspace 9. (a) If , + 1, = 0,0,0 then = + 1 = = 0. = + 1 is impossible. That is, the set does not contain the zero vector. (b) If , , + 4 = 0,0,0 , then = = 0 and 4 = 0 Not possible. That is, the set does not contain the zero vector. 10. Yes.