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animals 22, 29, 30, 33, 3637, 38,

173188, 193195, 198, 200, 201,
204, 241244
and anthropomorphism 222
and death 211219
and face 220222
and naming 221
and representation 211225
and stewardship 213
as commodities 212
as pests 212, 213
as subjects of scientific experiments
218219
in folklore 219
rights 222
animism 2, 36
anthropocentrism 30, 31, 33, 39, 40, 41,
42, 187, 211
moral 38, 39
see also: nonanthropocentrism
anthropology 9, 40, 80, 83, 132, 195, 197
anthropomorphism 30, 222223, 248
anti-environmentalism 198
archaeology 5976
and embodiment 62, 72, 74
and fieldwork practices 60, 62, 69,
7273
and movement 59, 65, 70, 7175
and representation 60, 73
reconstruction of landscape in 6163,
65, 69, 72
Arctic Circle 227
Ari the Wise (Ari fri) 178
Arnalds, A. 179, 180
Arnalds, . 180
Arnardttir, . 203
rnason, A. 88, 184
rnason, M. 51
rnason, . 196
arrythmia 97, 99

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aboriginal people 2, 245

Abram, D. 3, 7, 13, 29, 31, 34, 35, 36, 37,
97, 116, 117
accidents 80, 8593, 185186
actornetwork theory 4, 4849, 50, 56
Adams, P.C. 99
Addison, J. 133
Adey, P. 233, 236
Adler, J. 229
aesthetic appreciation 38, 39
and geothermal areas 119121, 132
and glaciers 119120, 132
and sentience 204
negative 130132, 133
aesthetic judgement 52
aesthetic quality 51, 52, 54, 56, 109, 110,
111, 113, 116, 118, 119, 125, 132
aesthetic value 14, 22, 109121, 125, 126,
130, 131, 133, 134, 135
aesthetics 9, 31, 41, 194, 195, 196, 197,
202, 204, 205
and art 4
and terrible beauty 125, 133, 134
and the sublime 125, 126130, 238
and ugliness 125, 130132, 135
cognitive 23
see also: environmental aesthetics
Afeissa, HS. 40
affect 2, 7, 18, 52, 55, 65, 130, 227, 228,
231, 235237, 238
Agamben, G. 175
Ahmed, S. 237
Akasofu, SI. 233, 236, 238
Aldred, O. 68, 71
Aling 164
Anderson, B. 235, 236, 238
Anderson, B. 235, 238
Anderson, K. 174
Angeles, P.A. 35

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Index

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cairns 7175, 168

as memorials 8587
Callon, M. 64
Carlson, A. 14, 22, 23
Casey, E. 7, 67
Czanne, P. 207
chair, see flesh
Charbonnier, G. 247
Chaudhuri, U. 221
Cheney, J. 29, 3132, 34, 35, 36
Chien, JP. 176
Christianity 217, 218, 222
climate change 36, 200
and glaciers 19, 24, 129, 180181
Cloke, P. 2, 4, 187
Cocker, E. 233
Coeterier, J.F. 45
Coetzee, J.M. 38
cognition 18, 20, 21
Coles, J. 127, 132
colour in landscape 51, 55, 127, 132, 133,
145, 147, 150
communitas 233
Conradson, D. 236
conservation 4748, 51, 55, 112113, 115,
138, 180181, 200
Cooper, D.E. 110
Cosgrove, D. 5, 45, 52, 54, 8081, 126
Crawford, O.G.S. 69
Cresswell, T. 6, 81, 234
Cruikshank, J. 87, 245246
Csordas, T.J. 97
cubism 149

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Bachelard, G. 169
Brenholdt, J.O. 4
Bailey, G. 70, 75
Bakhtin, M.M. 83
Basso, K.H. 87, 104
Bate, J. 160, 166, 167
being-in-the-world 1, 2, 17, 20, 55, 82, 228
Bender, B. 5, 6, 60, 62, 64
Benediktsson, K. 8, 47, 48, 51, 52, 112,
113, 115, 116, 179, 196
Berger, J. 207
Bergson, H. 65, 67, 74
Bergsson, G. 204
Berlant, L. 80
Berleant, A. 16, 2223, 134
Bessastair (Iceland) 157
Bissell, D. 233
Bjrnsson, B.Th. 143144
Blais, F. 37
Boas, F. 83
body 3, 9799, 100, 107, 237
and movement 102
gestures of 236, 237
practices 228, 233
techniques of 99, 100, 102, 233, 237
see also: embodiment
Bhme, G. 18, 111, 115, 118119, 121, 236
Book of Settlement 147, 154, 178
Bosanquet, B. 133
Bourdieu, P. 82
Bowden, M. 69

Boyle, R. 218219
Brady, E. 8, 14, 31, 49, 50, 109, 132, 134
Brandes, G. 160
Brennan, T. 236
bricolage 65, 6869, 70, 71, 75
Brinkmann, R. 29
Brydon, A. 198, 200
Buller, H. 173
Burke, E. 126
Byatt, A.S. 7980, 93

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art 4, 9, 211, 212, 217218, 219, 221

and activism 193, 201
and agency 196
conceptual 154, 206
installation 202, 212, 215, 223
visual 201203, 204
see also: painting; literature;
performance art; photography; film
and video
Askja (Iceland) 127, 134
atmosphere 9, 11, 101, 111, 118121, 247,
250
affective 227, 228, 236237, 238
aurora borealis 128, 227239
Auslander, M. 85, 86
Axelsson, R. 201

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254

Dakin, S. 109, 114

dams, see hydroelectric dams
Daniels, S. 5, 8081

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Eco, U. 132
ecocriticism 157, 166
Edensor, T. 99, 228, 229, 230
Edwards, T. 134
Egilsson, S.Y. 159, 163
Einarsson, T. 197
Elder, G. 222
embodiment 12, 3, 57, 15, 1920, 21,
41, 62, 63, 72, 74, 82, 9799, 100,
204, 228229, 233, 234, 238
see also: body
Emel, J. 174
Emmeche, C. 4
emotion 3, 14, 18, 80, 98, 99, 101, 114,
125, 231, 237
and aesthetic response 126, 130135
and animals 220, 222

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and atmosphere 119

and environmentalism 194, 198
of loss 8384, 87. 202, 207
when walking 98100, 104107
Eng, D.L. 83
English Lake School 159160, 166
Enlightenment 3, 7, 218, 219, 222
Entrikin, J.N. 127128, 129
environmental aesthetics 13, 14, 1617, 23,
109121, 125135
see also: aesthetic appreciation;
aesthetics
environmental change 176
see also: climate change
environmental movement 193, 198
environmental psychology 132
environmental politics 195
environmentalism 3, 194, 196, 197,
198199, 201, 202, 207
and emotions 198
see also: antienvironmentalism
epistemology 5, 18, 29, 3235, 37, 39,
6365, 194, 195
ethics 31, 3642
environmental 17, 28, 29, 33, 195
evolutionary 40
Kantian 30
of animal rights 222
ethology 219220, 242
European Landscape Convention 114, 121
expressionism 149
Eyjabakkar (Iceland) 201
Eysteinsson, . 139
Eythorsdottir, E. 178

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Dant, T. 186
Darwin, C. 222
see also: social Darwinism
Daston, L. 222
David, B. 63
de Bolla, P. 165
de Saussure, F. 177
Deleuze, G. 65
Denmark 55, 84
Derrida, J. 8283
Descartes, R. 33, 39, 54, 222
determinism 117
Dewsbury, J.D. 2, 46
Donald, D. 218, 219
dualism 14, 18, 31, 49, 121
epistemology of 194195
human-nonhuman 1, 173, 179,
193196
mind-matter 176
nature-society 48
objective-subjective 30, 109115
ocean-land 204
see also: Descartes, R.
Duncan, J. 5
Duncan, N. 5
Durkheim, E. 83
dwelling 56, 8182, 140, 169, 173, 175,
195
of animals 187
Drmundsson, . 184

255

Falck-Ytter, 233, 236

Farina, A. 177
Ferguson, J. 219
Filion, M. 37
film and video 141, 198200, 202, 207,
220, 223225
Finland 55
flesh, Merleau-Pontys notion of 9, 20, 110,
115119
folklore 22, 166, 219
Freud, S. 83
Fririksson, F.. 200
Friedl, P. 218

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Gadamer, H-G. 1, 2, 4, 7
Gaita, R. 175
Gallagher, S. 20
Gandy, M. 19
Gane, N. 212
Garrard, G. 157, 164, 166
Gehring, K. 45
geography 4, 5, 9, 45, 4647, 6667, 74,
187, 234
geothermal areas 22, 110, 119, 120, 127,
132, 202, 234
geysers 127, 133, 234
see also: geothermal areas
Gibson, J. 230
Gifford, T. 164
Gslason, J. 219, 221
glaciers 19, 24, 110, 119120, 127, 129,
132, 180181, 234, 245247, 248,
250
Glacken, C. 3
global warming, see climate change
Gobster, P.H. 109
Goethe, J.W. 244, 245, 246
Gould, S. 222
Gran, J.G. 45
Grazzini, B. 30, 32
Grtarsdttir, T. 88
Gumundsson, . 141
Gumundsson, A.T. 132
Gumundsson, J. 184
Gumundsson, M. 198200
Gumundsson, S. 143144
Gunnarsson, . 128

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habitus 139
Hafstein, H. 159160, 166, 169
Hafsteinsson, S.B. 88
Hgerstrand, T. 66
Halberstam, J. 217
Hlfdanarson, G. 84
Hallgrmsson, J. 84, 139, 140, 142143,
144, 157170
Haraway, D. 29, 31, 35, 173, 212, 214
Harrington, A. 176
Hassard, J. 4
Hastrup, K. 84, 87

Hatch, E. 83
Hay, P. 17
Hayden, D. 148
hearing 1, 55, 82, 245
see also: listening; sense, auditory;
sound
Heidegger, M. 6, 13, 1718, 21, 31, 167,
196, 241242, 243, 248, 250
Heimaey (Iceland) 128
Helgason, A. 199, 206
Hepburn R.W. 1317, 23
Hettinger, N. 133
Heyd, T. 36
Hirsch, E. 115
Hirst, D. 221
Hitt, C. 129, 134
Hoffmeyer, J. 4
Holt, E. 83
home 137, 141, 146
Hooper, W. 238
horizon (in phenomenology) 1, 58
Hoskins, W.G. 69
Hreinsson, V. 178, 180
Huijbens, E. 8, 196
Hull, D. 29
Hsey (Iceland) 213214, 216, 221
Husserl, E. 67, 17, 36
hybridity 55, 174
hybrids 48, 64
hydroelectric dams 14, 88, 112, 113, 194,
195, 201, 203, 206, 207, 213
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Fuller, G. 233

idealism 33, 39, 117

illumination 22, 229230, 231232, 233,
236, 237
imagination 9, 100, 101, 115, 126, 130,
160161, 165, 169, 230
aesthetical 24
metaphysical 15, 16, 23
Ingold, T. 2, 56, 60, 61, 62, 65, 74, 75, 81,
82, 83, 97, 9899, 100, 101, 106,
115, 116, 173, 175, 193, 194, 196,
230, 231, 232, 247, 249
International Whaling Commission 198
intersubjectivity 50, 82
Ivy, M. 84
Jackson, M. 6, 101, 105

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Kant, I. 15, 17, 30, 50, 109, 110, 126, 130

Krahnjkar (Iceland) 14, 201203, 213
Kasanjian, D. 83
Kirkman, R. 37, 38
Klenk, N. 4, 249
Kohsaka, R. 45
Korsmeyer, C. 131, 132
Kortelainen, J. 4
Kristjnsdttir, . 143144
Kristjnsson, S. 84
Kageri (Iceland) 8587
Kull, K. 176

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Lakoff, G. 2, 28
Lam, W. 236
landscape
aesthetic representations of 194, 197,
201202
and aesthetic values 109121, 229
and aurora 228, 236, 239
and dwelling 81
and embodiment 100101, 106, 145,
150
and objectification 225
and stories 87
and stories 87, 104106
as a way of seeing 5253, 148, 187
as narratives 83
as scenery 81
as semiotic interface 177
as text 187
assessment 109, 111114
Icelandic concept of 45, 4648, 5156
imaginary 100101
materiality of 1, 81, 93

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moral 175
Nordic understanding of 8
perception of 8182
temporality of 6
texture of 106107
visual understanding of 116
vitalist conceptions of 233234
volcanic 162167
landslag, see: landscape, Icelandic concept
of
Latham, A. 236
Latour, B. 3, 4, 19, 48, 64, 194, 195, 196
Law, J. 4, 48, 49, 64
Laxness, H. 55, 151152, 158
Lefebvre, H. 75, 97, 98, 104
Lenntorp, B. 66, 67
Leopold, A. 3
Lerner, M. 147
Levinas, E. 21, 221222
LviStrauss, C. 6869
Light, A. 40
Lindquist, O. 197
Lintott, S. 22
Lippard, L. 206
Lippit, A.M. 212, 222
listening 83
see also: hearing; sense, auditory;
sound
literature 9, 139140, 144, 147, 151153,
204
and realism 140
see also: poetry
livestock 173, 178179, 185
Lorand, R. 131
Lorimer, H. 8, 74, 81, 100, 175, 219
Lothian, A. 109, 111, 113
Lotman, J. 187188
Loy, D. 203
Lucas, G. 65, 66, 67, 68, 74, 75
Luke, D. 244
Lulka, D. 174, 186
Lund, K. 7, 8, 74, 97, 100
Lyotard, J-F. 130
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Jacquette, D. 133
Jakle, J. 229
Jakobsdttir, S. 152153
Jeangne Vilmer, J-B. 37
Ja, A. 146
Jhannesson, G.. 4
Johnson, Mark 2, 28
Johnson, Matthew 69
Jones, A. 64
Jones, O. 4, 47, 173
Judaeo-Christian doctrines 3
see also: Christianity; religion

257

Mtnen, P. 177
MacPherson, E. 203
magic 244245, 250
Magnason, A.S. 207

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Nagel, T. 175
Nansen, F. 233
narrative 74, 9899, 100, 105, 114, 138,
198, 228, 235
Christian 217
environmentalist 207
moral 198
of loss 80, 8384
of walking 104
see also: stories
nationalism 158, 162163, 194, 198, 201,
202, 203
nationality 84, 87, 137, 139, 144
Nature Conservation Strategy (Iceland) 47,
112113
Nawrath, A. 132
networks 49, 50, 55
see also: actornetwork theory; hybrids
Nicholls, D.C. 109
Nicolson, M.H. 126, 165
Nietzsche, F. 13, 14
Nolt, J. 37
non-anthropocentrism 2942
see also: anthropocentrism
non-human sentience 193207
northern lights, see aurora borealis
Norton, B.G. 39, 40

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maieutics 2835
Maitland, F.W. 69
Malinowski, B. 244245, 246, 250
Manning, A. 174
mapping 9899
mental 100101
maps in archaeology 73
Marchand, A. 118, 247
Martin, J. 109
Massey, D. 6, 75
Massumi, B. 59, 65
Master Plan for Hydro and Geothermal
Resources (Iceland) 112, 201
materiality 1, 51, 61, 217, 238
semiotics of 49
McCormack, D. 236
McHugh, K. 238
McQuire, S. 230
McShane, K. 39, 40
Mels, T. 8
MerleauPonty, M. 3, 5, 7, 20, 31, 4950,
82, 101, 110, 111, 114, 115, 116
119, 121, 232, 247, 248, 250
metaphor 15, 9, 21, 2730, 37, 41, 46,
56, 6970, 98, 174, 176, 187, 194,
202, 204
metaphysical experience 1324
metaphysics 30, 41, 130, 212, 241, 242
of presence 8283
Michael, M. 186
Milek, K. 71
Millington, S. 230
Mitchell, D. 45
Mitman, G. 222
modernity 3, 48, 54, 75, 140, 173, 179,
193, 195, 204
see also: modernization
modernization 85
in Iceland 137139, 145
monuments 85, 8687, 148, 91, 247
Moore, R. 130
Muelder Eaton, M. 14, 16, 24, 109
Muir, R. 69
Murdoch, J. 49
myths 22, 36, 105, 219, 233, 235236, 237
see also: folklore

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258

Naess, A. 27

OHanlon, M. 115
lafsdttir, A. 145
lafsson, E. 144
lafsson, G.P. 201, 202
lafsson, J. 143144
Oldfield, J.D. 45
Olivier, L.C. 60, 75
Olsen, B. 64, 75
Olwig, K.R. 8, 45, 52
ontology 5, 28, 3035, 3741, 45, 48,
6465, 66, 73, 174, 194, 195, 230,
235, 249
sar (Iceland) 214
skarsson, K. 214, 215
skarsson, . 158
xnadalur (Iceland) 157, 158
painting 52, 118, 141, 143, 145146
and realism 149
Icelandic 143144, 147, 205

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photography 201, 202, 217, 235

Picknett, L. 217
picturesque, the 16
Pite, R. 160
place 6667, 87, 137138, 139, 140, 141,
143, 148, 152, 203, 235, 236
and animals 174
and poetry 160, 163, 164, 167
and the landscape concept 6, 8, 47, 115
and tourism 228
Plato 14, 28, 29, 30, 33, 3435, 109, 110
Plumwood, V. 29, 31, 33, 34, 35, 36, 38
poetry 84, 157170, 204
and the Pastoral 157, 164
and the Scientific 157
and the Sublime 157
realism in 158
Pole, D. 131
post-humanism 211
pragmatism 4, 40, 177
Pred, A. 66
Preston, C. 29, 3132, 36, 41
Prince, C. 217
Proctor, J.D. 175

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in bourgeois culture 154

romantic 29
sofa 145146, 149151
see also: representation
palimpsest, landscape as 6970
Plsson, B. 144
Plsson, G. 198, 199, 206
pastoral, the 157, 164
Peace, A. 187
Peirce, C.S. 4, 174, 177
perception 2, 3, 7, 8, 16, 18, 24, 28, 31, 39,
41, 45, 47, 4850, 55, 73, 80, 81,
99, 109, 111, 114, 121, 148, 193,
194, 203, 204, 230231, 235, 248,
249
aesthetic 23, 24
and atmosphere 118119
and light 283
and representation 118
and the subject 82
and Umwelt 176, 243
as embodied experience 6264,
116118
bodily 18, 20
multisensory 177
objects of 247
of sentience 197
of space 230
subjective 110
tactile 5
visual 7, 56
see also: senses
performance 48, 82, 228, 229, 239
artistic 194, 202203, 223224
performativity 4, 46, 48, 49, 50, 55, 223
PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of
Animals) 221
Ptursdttir, G. 197
phenomenology 57, 9, 16, 17, 20, 31, 36,
38, 4142, 80, 81, 82, 83, 98, 109,
110, 115, 116, 169, 174, 229, 238,
247, 250
eco- 3
existential 82
in archaeology 62
of landscape 63, 8284
of movement 80
Philo, C. 174

259

Rabinow, P. 75
rationalism 3, 33, 39, 4950
reductionism 17, 27, 45, 175
relationality 41, 59, 61, 65, 228, 238
religion 3, 13, 30, 180, 198
see also: Christianity
representation 60, 73
in archaeology 63
painting as 118, 138, 141, 144, 145
of animals in art 211225
residuality 6568, 69, 70, 71, 72, 75
Reyarfjrur (Iceland) 201
Reykjanesbraut (Iceland) 85, 86, 8788
Reykjavk (Iceland) 84, 85, 127, 137, 138,
147, 157, 163, 164
rhythm 6, 233
of walking 9799, 101, 103104, 106
rhythmanalysis 98
Ricoeur, P. 2
Rigby, K. 160
Ringler, D. 158, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166,
168, 169
Ritter, J. 13, 109

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Serpell, J. 174
Setten, G. 6, 8
settlement of Iceland 84, 87, 178179
Shaw, D.J.B. 45
sheep 178186, 187
roundups 179, 181, 182183
Sibley, F. 131
sight 12, 56, 186, 200, 241, 245, 248
see also: sense, visual; vision
Sigursson, R.Th. 132
Singer, P. 38
Sjlander-Lindqvist, A. 187
Skjaldbreiur (Iceland) 158165, 167, 168
Sklason, P. 13, 45, 134
smell 55, 119, 120, 126, 152, 245, 246, 247
see also: sense, olfactory
Smith, D.B. 194
Snbjrnsdttir/Wilson 212, 213, 214,
217, 219, 221, 223
social Darwinism 40
Socrates 28, 33, 3435
see also: maieutics
soil erosion 39, 179180
Solnit, R. 2, 7, 45, 97
sound 18, 55, 119, 120, 126, 131, 139, 152,
159, 223, 229, 232, 233, 236, 247,
248, 249, 250
see also: hearing; listening; sense,
auditory
space 59, 64, 73, 75, 80, 97, 106, 115, 120,
194, 206, 228, 231, 233, 235, 237
and atmosphere 236
and light 229
and tourism 229
as processual 234
as relational 45, 4851, 5556
in animal studies 174
liminal 184
oceanic 205
representational 60
rural 179
Spencer, H. 40
spirituality 36, 40
Spirn, A.W. 45
Steingrmsson, P. 202
Stengers, I. 194, 195
stillness 107, 233, 237
stories 7980, 83, 8587, 91, 246

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Smundsson, K. 162
Sagas of Icelanders 47, 5354, 55,
142143
Saito, Y. 24, 132
Sauer, C.O. 5, 45
Savage, C. 227, 233, 236
Schama, S. 211
Schelling, F.W.J. 14
Scheving, G. 205
Schlater, A. 109
Schn, D. 2728
Schopenhauer, A. 13, 14, 30
Schroeder, B. 15
Schroeder, H.W. 109, 114
science 4, 13, 24, 29, 30, 38, 51, 194195,
199, 200, 227, 233, 237
biological 193
experiments on animals in 218219
Scott, C. 249
Scott, G.A. 30
Sebeok, T.A. 4
semiology 177
semiosphere 187188
semiotics 4, 49, 63, 174, 175177,
187188, 242
senses 1
auditory 232, 247, see also: sound;
hearing; listening
haptic 232, 248, 251, see also: tactility;
touch
olfactory 178, 232, see also: smell
visual 1, 229, see also: vision; sight
sentience 193207, 247, 248

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roadkill 186
roads 80, 8493
death on 8491
safety on 86, 88, 9093
animals on 184186
Romantic studies 157
romanticism 3, 18, 126, 130, 139, 142,
144, 158, 165, 166, 184
Rose, M. 4
Rowell, A. 199
Runlfsson, S. 180
Rupke, N.A. 219
rural society 137139, 145, 153
Rr (artist) 202

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261

see also: sense, haptic; tactility

tourism 228229
and visual consumption 229
transcendentalism 3
travel 7980, 81, 85, 87
Trobriand Islands 244245, 246, 247
Tulinius, T.H. 71

tactility 5, 147, 229, 232, 247

see also: sense, haptic; touch
tactility 97, 99, 229
Tannen, D. 83, 93
taskscape 175
taxidermy 215218
temporality 21, 61, 67, 70, 73, 75, 98, 175,
234, 237
of landscape 60, 69, 81, 82
terrible beauty 125, 133, 134, 165
see also: aesthetics; sublime, the;
ugliness
texture 51, 55, 101, 106, 119, 132, 232,
238, 248
Thomas, J. 60, 62, 63, 75
Thompson, J. 42
Thomsen, P. 201202
Thorgeirsdottir, S. 14, 20, 112, 113
Thrhallsdttir, A.G. 182
Thorsteinsson, I. 182
Thrift, N. 46
Tilley, C. 6, 7, 62, 63, 65, 69, 75, 80, 81,
99, 115, 116, 247248, 250
time-geography 6667, 74
Tlingit 245247, 250
Toadvine, T. 116
Tnnesen, M. 176
touch 7, 82, 97, 117, 231, 233, 241242,
247248, 250

Van Den Berg, J.H. 100, 102, 105

Varela, F.J. 196
Vatnajkull (Iceland) 19, 202
National Park 180
Vatnsfjrur (Iceland) 59, 7175
Vedder, B. 2, 9
Vehkavaara, T. 177
Vergunst, J.L. 60, 97, 98, 99, 102, 103, 104
Vignisson, .P. 186
Vilhjlmsdttir, . 203
Vilhjlmsson, Th. 149150
Virilio, P. 80, 84, 184
vision 6, 7, 16, 73, 99101, 117
see also: sense, visual; sight
visual culture 204
vitalism 233234
Vogel, S. 3, 248249
von Uexkll, J. 174, 175177, 180, 187,
242244, 246, 250

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ugliness 126, 130132, 135

see also: aesthetics; sublime, the;
terrible beauty
Umwelt 175176, 180, 181, 184, 186, 187,
243244
transition 176, 179
urban culture and society 137138, 144,
145, 146, 148, 150, 152
urbanisation 146, 147
Urry, J. 6, 229

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of Dreaming 2
of loss 85
of walking 98
see also: narratives; myths
Strathern, M. 82, 83, 93
structuralism 8082, 83
subjectivity 3, 4, 15, 63, 110111, 113, 236
sublime, the 15, 17, 20, 165, 228, 238
discourses of 165
in poetry 157, 158, 164
see also: sublimity
sublimity 125, 126130, 133, 134
dynamic 126
mathematical 126
see also: aesthetics; sublime, the
Sullivan, A.P. 70
sunousia 30, 35, 39
synaesthesis 62

Waage, E.R.H. 8, 47, 48, 51, 52, 113, 115

walking 9, 81, 97107, 203, 228
and tactility 97, 99
as a narrating act 104105
narratives of 98100, 104
rhythm of 9799, 101, 103104, 106
routes 98, 100, 102, 106
Warren, K. 31, 32, 35
whaling 193196, 197200, 204

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Wylie, J. 4, 6, 52, 81, 8283, 93, 99, 174,

187, 232, 234

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Zahavi, D. 20
zoos 222

ingvellir (Iceland) 149, 150, 161164,

166
rarson, . 150151
orleifsson, J. 205
orleifsson, . 213214, 216
orsteinsson, I.G. 140

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campaign against 198

visual representations of 197
Whatmore, S. 173, 174, 187
Wilbert, C. 174
wilderness 19, 42, 112, 153, 173, 201, 211
experience of 20
in Iceland 138, 144, 148, 153, 205, 206
Witmore, C.L. 64, 75
Wolch, J. 174
Wolfe, C. 221
Wordsworth, W. 160
Wright, J. 219

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