Preface

Earthquakes can happen any where in the world. Some places the frequency of occurrence is very large may be at the plate boundaries such as Himalayan region and some places it is low like in southern part of the country. The knowledge has not been reached to predict the earthquakes precisely. Earthquake can cause large destruction in Industrial structures, equipment and piping systems. To minimize this, the loading generated due to earthquake should be properly accounted for. The recent Bhuj earthquake caused large damage to the petro-chemical industry, fertilizer industry etc., and the loss due to unavailability of the plants was also large. If the industry is handling large toxic and poisonous gases, large damage will also affect the public around the plant. Hence it is essential to get prepared for facing the earthquakes. Preparedness means to design the structures (e.g. residential buildings, industrial buildings, life line structures etc), systems (water supply lines, fire fighting systems, industrial piping systems, electrical and control systems, communication systems etc), and components (e.g. Industrial equipment, normal and fire water supply components etc.) to withstand postulated design earthquakes. Failures or successes of the Structures, Systems and Components (SSC) are not dependent on the location and similar failures or successes of SSCs are seen any where in the world when they are subjected to an earthquake.

Piping system structure Equipment

structure

Breaching of liquid or gas is an un healthy situation during and after the earthquake Earthquake Fig.1 Typical Industrial SSCs

Safety and non safety related structures systems and components (SSC) of an industry are to be designed for earthquake loading as prescribed by the national or international standards as applicable. Typical industrial SSCs are shown in Fig.1. This gives fair idea about what to learn and need of learning. This particular workshop is organized with the intension of explaining the basic mechanisms of earthquakes, generation of design basis ground motion, fundamentals of structural dynamics which are i

applicable to systems and components as well, geotechnical aspects which are related to earthquake design of SSCs, analysis of multi degree of freedom systems, Seismic design of R.C structures and steel structures, Components and systems design which are located at the ground level as well as at different floor levels of the structures, anchorage design of component and system supports, introduction to retrofitting and seismic response control and lastly on testing of SSCs. In the proceedings, sincere efforts are put to explain the subject of earthquake engineering with physical concepts. Good number of examples is given on each topic to improve the clarity in the subject. These proceedings are aimed as the first step for publishing as text book. All the participants are requested to go through the material given and make valuable comments or suggestions if any.

Editor

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