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CHAPTER III ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

3. Analysis and Interpretation


The following table shows the employees under a FLAKT (INDIA) private limited .

Table 3.1.1 shows the employees under a FLAKT (INDIA) private limited .
AGE TOTAL NUMBERS TOTAL PERCENTAGE

26-30 yrs 30-40 yrs 40-50 yrs Above 50 yrs Total

80 10 6 4 100

80 10 6 4 100

Fig .1 shows the employees under a FLAKT (INDIA) private limited .

80 60 40 20 0 20-30 yrs 30-40-yrs 40-50yrs above 50yrs

INFERENCE:

This question was framed to find out the a FLAKT (INDIA) private limited of the employees, since a FLAKT (INDIA) private limited is considered as a factor for absenteeism. It is inferred that majority of the employees belong to the 20-30 years category. 24

The following table shows the employees Years of Experience Table 3.1.2 shows the employees years of experience

YEARS OF EXPERIENCE 0-3 yrs 3-6 yrs 6-10 yrs 10 yrs above Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 70 18 10 2 100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 70 18 10 2 100

Fig .2 shows the employees years of experience

70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0-3yrs 3-6yrs 6-10yrs 10yrs above

INFERENCE:

From the table, it is inferred that77% employees working in this company has more than 0-3 years of experience.

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The following table shows the employees place of stay from the company in Km

Table 3.1.3 shows the employees place of stay from the company in Km

DISTANCE 1-5 Km 5-10 Km 10-15 Km Above 15 Km Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 84 6 8 2 100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 84 6 8 2 100

Fig .3 shows the employees place of stay from the company in Km

100 Percent 50 0

84% 6%

8%

2%

1-5 Km 5-10 Km 10-15 KmAbove 15 Km

INFERENCE:

This question was framed to find out whether the employees are absent from work due to the distance factor. It is inferred that 84% employees 1-5 km stay in and around FLAKT(INDIA).

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The following table shows the employees marital status Table 3.1.4 shows the employees marital status

MARITAL STATUS Single Married Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 86 14 100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 86 14 100

Fig .4 shows the employees marital status

90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 single Married

INFERENCE: From the table, it is inferred that 86% of the employees are single.

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The following table shows the employees number of dependent Table 3.1.5 shows the employees number of dependent

NUMBER OF DEPENDENT 2 3 4 Above 4 Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 6 22 46 26 100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 6 22 46 26 100

Fig .5 shows the employees number of dependent

60 40 Percent 26 0 2 3 4 6 22

46 26

Above 4

INFERENCE:

This question was framed to find out the number of dependents for each employee. it is inferred that majority have number of dependents ranging is 4.

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The following table shows the employees salary Table 3.1.6 shows the employees salary

SALARY 3000-5000 5000-7000 7000-9000 9000 above Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 4 16 44 36 100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 4 16 44 36 100

Fig .6 shows the employees salary

50 40 Percent 30 26 10 0

44% 36% 16% 4% 3000-5000 5000-7000 7000-9000

INFERENCE:

From the table, it is inferred that 74 % of the employees draw salary ranging between 30009000.

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The following table shows the employees educational qualification Table 3.1.7 shows the employees educational qualification

EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION
12th

ITI Pg Ug Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 62 16 10 12 100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 62 16 10 12 100

Fig .7 shows the employees educational qualification

70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 PG UG ITI 12TH

INFERENCE:

From the table, it is inferred that 62% of the employees have 12th qualification.

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The following table shows the employees awareness about the company's leave policies Table 3.1.8 shows the employees awareness about the companys leave policies

AWARENESS Employees aware Employees not aware Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 42 58 100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 42 58 100

Fig.8 shows the employees awareness about the company's leave policies

42% 58%

Employees being aware

Employees being unaware

INFERENCE: This question was framed to find out whether the employees are aware of the companys leave policies. It is mandatory for every employee to know about the leave policies. It is inferred that 58% of the employees are not aware, so the management has to effectively communicate it to the employees.

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The following table shows the employees opinion about their job Table 3.1.9 shows the employees opinion about the job

EMPLOYEE RESPONSE Response in affirmative Response in negative Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 34 66 100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 34 66 100

Fig.9 shows the employees opinion about the job

34%

66%

Response in affirmative Response in negative

INFERENCE: From the table, it is inferred that 66 % of the employees are of the opinion that they do not have a challenging job.

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The following table shows the employees awareness about the production plan for the month. Table 3.1.10 shows the employees awareness about the production plan.

AWARENESS

TOTAL NUMBERS

TOTAL PERCENTAGE

Employees aware Employees not aware Total

62 38 100

62 38 100

Fig.10 shows the employees awareness about the production plan

38% 62%

Employees being aware Employees being unaware

INFERENCE: From the table, it is inferred that 38% of the employees are not aware of the production plan. The supervisor should communicate the production target for the month or for the week, so that the employees may not absent themselves from work unnecessarily.

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The following table shows employees awareness about their job responsibilities and roles Table 3.1.11 shows the employees awareness about their job responsibilities and roles

AWARENESS Employees aware Employees not aware Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 92 8 100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 92 8 100

Fig .11 shows the employees awareness about their job responsibilities and roles

8%

92% Employees aware Employees not aware

INFERENCE: From the table, it is inferred that majority of the employees are 92% were aware of their job responsibilities and roles in the organization.

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The following table shows the employees opinion about job rotation Table 3.1.12 shows the employees opinion about job rotation

JOB ROTATION Employees Opting for job change Employees Opting out Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 24 76 100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 24 76 100

Fig .12 shows the employees opinion about job rotation

24%

76%

Employees opting for job rotation Employees Opting out

INFERENCE: From the table, it is inferred that majority of the employees are not aware of their job responsibilities and roles in the organization.

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The following table shows the employees agreeing with the fact that their absence affects productivity. Table 3.1.13 shows the employees agreeing with the fact that their absence affects productivity.

EMPLOYEE RESPONSE I Strongly agree I agree Neither agree nor disagree I disagree I strongly disagree
Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 36 18 0 24 28
100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 36 18 0 28 18
100

Fig .13 shows the employees agreeing with the fact that their absence affects productivity

36 40 35 30 25 Percent 20 15 10 5 0 I Strongly agree 28 18 18

I agree

Neither agree nor disagree

I disagree

I strongly disagree

INFERENCE: This question was framed to find out whether employees agree with the fact that their absence will affect productivity. It is inferred that employees around 36% do not agree with the fact that their absence will affect the productivity. They have a reason that replacements can be made in their absence. The attitude of these employees should be changed.

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The following table shows the nature of the supervisor Table 3.1.14 shows the nature of the supervisor

EMPLOYEES OPINION Friendly Not friendly Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 24 76 100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 24 76 100

Fig .14 shows the nature of the supervisor

24%

76%

Friendly Not friendly

INFERENCE: This question was framed to find out whether the employees feel free to communicate their grievances to the supervisor. It is inferred that employees do not feel free to communicate their grievances, so the supervisor has to be friendly with the employees.

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The following table shows the employees who feel comfortable to work with machines without stress Table 3.1.15 shows the employees who feel comfortable to work with machines without stress

EMPLOYEE RESPONSE Employees under stress Employees not under stress Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 62 38 100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 62 38 100

Fig .15 shows the employees who feel comfortable working with machines

38%

62%

Employees under stress Employees not under stress

INFERENCE: This question was framed to find out whether employees were absent from work due to any stress. It is inferred that employees belonging to the category of operators and assistant operators undergo stress because the machines are outdated and causes frequent breakdowns.

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The following table shows the employees level of satisfaction about their position in FLAKT(INDIA) Table 3.1.16 shows the employees level of satisfaction about their position in FLAKT(INDIA)

SATISFACTION LEVEL 1 2 3 4 5 Total 1- Poor 2- Satisfactory

TOTAL NUMBERS 70 26 10 0 0 100 3- Good 4- Very good

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 70 26 10 0 0 100 5- Excellent

Fig .16 shows the employees level of satisfaction about their position in FLAKT(INDIA)

70 70 60 50 40

Percent
30 20 10 0 1

20 10 0 0

Satisfaction level

INFERENCE: The following questions are framed to find out the satisfaction level of the employees. It is inferred that employees are very much dissatisfied with their position in FLAKT(INDIA) because they feel that they do not have any designation .The dissatisfied employees belong to the category having more than 30 years of experience.

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The following table shows the employees level of satisfaction about the recognition they receive for their contribution. Table 3.1.17 shows the employees level of satisfaction about the recognition they receive for their contribution.

SATISFACTION LEVEL 1 2 3 4 5 Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 74 18 8 0 0 100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 74 18 8 0 0 100

1- Poor

2- Satisfactory

3- Good

4- Very good

5- Excellent

Fig .17 shows the employees level of satisfaction about the recognition they receive for their contribution.

80 70 60 50

74

Percent 40
30 20 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 18 8 0 0

Satisfaction level

INFERENCE: It is inferred that employees are very much dissatisfied with the recognition they receive for their contribution. They are in need of recognition for the work done by them. Incentives should be given and the management should also display the name of the employees who have performed well and achieved the target. 40

The following table shows the employees level of satisfaction about working hours Table 3.1.18 shows the employees level of satisfaction about working hours

SATISFACTION LEVEL 1 2 3 4 5 Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 8 36 56 0 0 100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 8 36 56 0 0 100

1- Poor

2- Satisfactory

3- Good

4- Very good

5- Excellent

Fig .18 shows the employees level of satisfaction about working hours

56 60 50 40 36

Percent 30
20 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 8 0 0

Satisfaction level

INFERENCE: It is inferred that employees are very much dissatisfied with the recognition they receive for their contribution. They are in need of recognition for the work done by them. Incentives should be given and the management should also display the name of the employees who have performed well and achieved the target. 41

The following table shows the employees level of satisfaction about working conditions Table 3.1.19 shows the employees level of satisfaction about working conditions

SATISFACTION LEVEL

TOTAL NUMBERS

TOTAL PERCENTAGE

1 2 3 4 5 Total 1- Poor 2- Satisfactory

10 30 42 14 4 100 3- Good 4- Very good

10 30 42 14 4 100 5- Excellent

Fig .19 shows the employees level of satisfaction about working conditions.

50 40 30 Percent 26 10 0 1 2 3 10 30

42

14 4

Satisfaction level

INFERENCE: This question was framed to find out the satisfaction level of the employees with regard to the working conditions. From the table, it is inferred that 42% of the employees are very much satisfied with the working conditions.

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The following table shows the employees level of satisfaction about Canteen facilities Table 3.1.20 shows the employees level of satisfaction about Canteen Facilities

SATISFACTION LEVEL 1 2 3 4 5 Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 70 16 14 0 0 100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 70 16 14 0 0 100

1- Poor

2- Satisfactory

3- Good

4- Very good

5- Excellent

Fig .20 shows the employees level of satisfaction about canteen facilities

70 70 60 50 40

Percent
30 20 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 0 16 14

Satisfaction level

INFERENCE: This question was framed to find out the satisfaction level of the employees with regard to the canteen facilities. It is inferred that employees are very much dissatisfied with the canteen facilities. The management has to take action.

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The following table shows the employees level of satisfaction about pay structure Table 3.1.21 shows the employees level of satisfaction about pay structure

SATISFACTION LEVEL 1 2 3 4 5 Total TOTAL NUMBERS 84 0 16 0 0 100 TOTAL PERCENTAGE 84 0 16 0 0 100

1- Poor

2- Satisfactory

3- Good

4- Very good

5- Excellent

Fig .21 shows the employees level of satisfaction about pay structure

90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

84

Percent

16 0 0 0

Satisfaction level

INFERENCE: From the table, it is inferred that 84% of the employees are not satisfied and happy with the pay structure in FLAKT(INDIA).

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The following table shows the employees opinion about motivation they receive from the management. Table 3.1.22 shows the employees opinion about motivation they receive from the management

EMPLOYEES OPINION Motivated(yes) Not Motivated(No) Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 14 86 100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 14 86 100

Fig .22 shows the employees opinion about motivation they receive from the management

14%

86% Motivated Not Motivated

INFERENCE: From the table, it is inferred that management did not motivate the employees at their work place. The employees are of the opinion that if they are motivated, they will be able to perform well and increase the productivity and they will not absent from work unnecessarily.

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The following table shows the employees having other source of income Table 3.1.23shows the employees having other source of income

ADDITIONAL INCOME Other Source(YES) No Other Source(NO) Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 26 80 100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 26 80 100

Fig .23 shows the employees having other source of income

26%

80%

Other Source

No Other Source

INFERENCE: This question was framed to find out whether employees having other source of income are frequently absent from work. It is inferred that employees having other source of income are frequently absent from work. This is one cause for absenteeism. They run side business as their salary is insufficient.

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The following table shows the employees opinion about alternative way to compensate absenteeism. Table 3.1.24 shows the employees opinion about alternative way to compensate absenteeism.

EMPLOYEE OPINION Yes No Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 54 46 100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 54 46 100

Fig .24 shows the employees opinion about alternative way to compensate absenteeism.

46% 54%

Yes

No

INFERENCE: This question was framed to find out the attitude of employees towards alternative ways to compensate absenteeism. It in inferred that employees feel that there are alternative ways to compensate their absence. Their suggestions include giving training to other employees etc.

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The following table shows the hours employees engaged in productive work Table 3.1.25 shows the hours employees engaged in productive work TOTAL PERCENTAGE 0 26 62 18 100

HOURS 5 6 7 8 Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 0 26 62 18 100

Fig .25 shows the hours employees engaged in productive work

80 60 40 20 5 0 1 HOURS 2 0% 6 20%

62%

18%

7 3 PRODUCTIVE HOURS

8 4

INFERENCE: From the table, it is inferred that 62% of the employees are engaged in productive work for 7 hours and they are satisfied with the work hours.

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The following table shows employees being absent due to conflict with co-workers and management Table 3.1.26 shows the employees being absent due to conflict with co-workers and management

EMPLOYEE RESPONSE Had conflict Did not have conflict Total

COWORKERS 0 100 100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 0 100 100

TOTAL MANAGEMENT PERCENTAGE 0 0 100 100 100 100

Fig .26 shows the employees being absent due to conflict with co-workers and management

50 50 40 30 20 10 0 Had conflict 0 0

50

Did not have conflict WITH MANAGEMENT

WITH CO-WORKERS

INFERENCE: From the table, it is inferred that none of the employees has been absent from work due to conflict with the co-worker and management. This shows the relationship between the management and the employees.

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The following table shows the employees awareness about attendance policy Table 3.1.27 shows the employees awareness about attendance policy

AWARENESS Employees being aware Employees being not aware Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 94 6 100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 94 6 100

Fig .27 shows the employees being aware of the attendance policy

6%

94%

Employees being aware Employees being not aware

INFERENCE: It is inferred that employees are aware of the attendance policy. It is found that employees regularly come to work for 26 days because of the attendance policy.

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The following table shows the average FLAKT (INDIA) private limited number of days employee work in a month Table 3.1.28 shows the average FLAKT (INDIA) private limited number of days employee work in a month

AVERAFLAKT (INDIA) PRIVATE LIMITEDNUMBER OF DAYS 24-26 26-24 15-26 lessthan15 Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 14 50 30 6 100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 14 50 30 6 100

Fig .28 shows the average FLAKT (INDIA) private limited number of days employee work in a month

50 50 40
Percent

30 14 6

30 26 10 0 24-26 26-24 15-26 lessthan15

INFERENCE: It is inferred that majority of the employees come to work for 26-24 days because of the attendance policy.

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The following table shows the average a FLAKT (INDIA) private limited number of days employee take leave in a month Table 3.1.29 shows the average a FLAKT (INDIA) private limited number of days employee take leave in a month

AVERAFLAKT (INDIA) PRIVATE LIMITEDNUMBER OF DAYS 0-3days 4-6days 7-9days Above10days Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 26 30 40 4 100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 26 30 40 4 100

Fig .29 shows the average a FLAKT (INDIA) private limited number of days employee take leave in a month

4% 40%

26%

30%

0-3days

4-6days

7-9days

Above10days

INFERENCE: From the table, it is inferred that 40% of the employees absent from work for more than 7-9 days.

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The following table shows the employees major cause for absenteeism Table 3.1.30 shows the employees major cause for absenteeism

CAUSES Personal Indebtedness Health Others Total

TOTAL NUMBERS 36 48 6 10 100

TOTAL PERCENTAGE 36 48 6 10 100

Fig .30 shows the employees major cause for absenteeism

6% 10%

36%

48% Personal Indebtedness Health Others

INFERENCE: This question was framed to find out the major causes for absenteeism apart from pay structure, motivation etc. it is inferred that majority of the employees have the major cause for their absence as indebtedness then personal .

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The following table shows the employees attitude about their company Table 3.1.31 shows the employees attitude about their company

EMPLOYEE RESPONSE

TOTAL NUMBERS

TOTAL PERCENTAGE

Yes No Total

38 63 100

38 62 100

Fig .31 shows the employees attitude about their company

38%

62%

Yes

No

INFERENCE: This question was framed to find out the attitude of the employees towards their company. It is inferred that 38% of the employees would recommend their company as a good place to work. The attitude of these employees should be changed.

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CHI-SQUARE ANALYSIS: Table 3.2.1 shows the relationship between the average FLAKT (INDIA) private limited number of days employee work in a month and Attendance policy.

Average FLAKT Aware of attendance Not aware of Total (INDIA) private policy attendance policy limited number of days employees work in a month / Attendance policy 24-26 12 2 14 20-24 48 2 50 15-20 30 0 30 Less than 15 4 2 6 Total 94 6 100 Attendance policy: RS 350/- will be given to employees who comes to work regularly for 26 days. CHI-SQUARE TEST: HYPOTHESIS: Null Hypothesis (Ho) Ho: There is no significant relationship between the number of days employees work in a month and attendance policy. Alternate Hypothesis (Ha) Ha: There is a significant relationship between the number of days employees work in a month and attendance policy.

Statistical test

: Chi square, Test of Independence

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Chi square test:


DEGREE OF FREEDOM=(R-1)(C-1). O 12 2 48 2 30 0 4 2 E 13.16 0.84 47 3 28.2 1.8 5.64 0.36 O-E -1.16 1.16 1 -1 1.8 -1.8 -1.64 1.64 (O-E)2 1.34 1.34 1 1 3.24 3.24 2.68 2.68 (O-E)2/E 0.10 1.59 0.02 0.33 0.11 1.8 0.47 7.44 11.86 From the Chi-Square test, for a degree of freedom of 3 at 5 % significance level Z t = 7.815 Calculated value Tabulated value : 11.86 : 7.815

Calculated value > Tabulated value Therefore, accept the alternate hypothesis. INTERPRETATION The calculated value of Chi-square is much higher than the table and hence the result does not support the hypothesis. We can, thus conclude Ho is rejected. There is a significant relationship between the numbers of days employees work in a month and the attendance policy

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Table 3.2.2 shows the relationship between the average Numbers of days employee taking leave in a month and other source of income. Average FLAKT (INDIA) private limited number of days absent 0-3 days 4-6 days 7-9 days Above 10 days Total Have other source of income Does not have other source of income Total

2 0 18 0 26

24 30 22 4 80

26 30 40 4 100

CHI-SQUARE TEST: HYPOTHESIS: Null Hypothesis (Ho) Ho: There is no significant relationship between the number of days employees taking leave in a month and other source of income. Alternate Hypothesis (Ha) Ha: There is a significant relationship between the number of days employees taking leave in a month and other source of income. Statistical test : Chi square, Test of Independence

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Chi square test:


DEGREE OF FREEDOM=(R-1)(C-1). O 0 24 0 30 18 22 0 4 E 5.2 26.8 6 24 8 32 0.8 3.2 O-E 3.2 3.2 -6 6 10 -10 -0.8 0.8 (O-E)2 10.24 10.24 36 36 100 100 0.64 0.64 (O-E)2/E 1.96 0.49 6 1.5 12.5 3.12 0.8 0.2 26.57

From the Chi-Square test, for a degree of freedom of 3 at 5 % significance level Z t = 7.815 Calculated value Tabulated value : 26.57 : 7.815

Calculated value > Tabulated value Therefore , accept the alternate hypothesis. INFERENCE: The calculated value of Chi-square is much higher than the table and hence the result does not support the hypothesis. We can, thus conclude Ho is rejected. There is a significant relationship between the numbers of days employees taking leave in a month and other source of income. The following table shows the relationship between a FLAKT (INDIA) private limited and absenteeism. 58

Table 3.2.3 shows the relationship between the age and absenteeism. Age/ Absenteeism 26-30 yrs 30-40 yrs 40-50 yrs Above 50 Total 0-3 days 22 2 1 1 26 4-6 days 25 2 2 1 30 7-9 days 33 4 1 2 40 Above 10 days 0 2 2 0 4 Total 80 10 6 4 100

CHI-SQUARE TEST: HYPOTHESIS: Null Hypothesis (Ho) Ho: There is no significant relationship between the Age and absenteeism. Alternate Hypothesis (Ha) Ha: There is a significant relationship between the Age and absenteeism. Statistical test : Chi square, Test of Independence

Chi square test:


DEGREE OF FREEDOM=(R-1)(C-1). O 22 25 33 0 2 2 4 2 E 26.8 24 32 3.2 2.6 3 4 0.4 O-E 1.2 1 1 -3.2 -0.6 -1 0 1.6 59 (O-E)2 1.44 1 1 10.24 0.36 1 0 2.56 (O-E)2/E 0.06 0.04 0.03 3.12 0.13 0.33 0 6.4

1 2 1 2 1 1 2 0

1.56 1.8 2.4 0.24 1.04 1.2 1.6 0.16

0.56 0.2 -1.4 1.76 -0.4 -0.2 0.4 -0.16

0.31 0.04 1.96 3.09 0.16 0.04 0.16 0.02

0.19 0.02 0.81 12.87 0.15 0.03 0.1 0.12 24.15

Calculated value Tabulated value

: 24.15 : 16.919

Calculated value > Tabulated value Therefore , accept the alternate hypothesis. INFERENCE: From the Chi-Square test, for a degree of freedom of 9 at 5 % significance level Z t = 16.919 The calculated value of Chi-square is much lower than the table. We can, thus conclude Ho is accepted. There is a significant relationship between a FLAKT (INDIA) private limited and absenteeism.

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The following table shows the relationship between Salary and causes for absenteeism Table 3.2.4 shows the relationship between Salary and causes for absenteeism. Salary/ Causes for absenteeism 3000-5000 5000-7000 7000-9000 9000 Above Total Personal Indebtedness Health Others Total

0 6 22 8 36

2 2 22 22 48

0 6 0 0 6

2 2 0 6 10

4 16 44 36 100

CHI-SQUARE TEST: HYPOTHESIS: Null Hypothesis (Ho) Ho: There is no significant relationship between salary and causes for absenteeism. Alternate Hypothesis (Ha) Ha: There is a significant relationship between salary and causes for absenteeism. Statistical test : Chi square, Test of Independence

Chi square test:


DEGREE OF FREEDOM=(R-1)(C-1). O 0 2 0 2 6 2 6 E 1.44 1.92 0.24 0.4 5.76 7.68 0.96 O-E -1.44 0.08 -0.24 1.6 0.24 -5.68 5.04 (O-E)2 2.07 0.006 0.05 2.56 0.05 32.26 25.40 (O-E)2/E 1.43 0.003 0.26 6.4 0.008 4.26 26.45

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2 22 22 0 0 8 22 0 6

1.6 15.84 21.12 2.64 44 12.96 17.28 2.16 3.60

0.4 6.16 0.88 -2.64 -44 -4.96 4.72 -2.16 2.40

0.16 37.94 0.77 6.96 1936 24.60 22.27 4.66 5.76

0.1 2.39 0.03 2.63 44 1.89 1.28 2.15 1.6 94.75

Calculated value Tabulated value

: 94.75 : 16.919

Calculated value > Tabulated value Therefore, accept the alternate hypothesis.

INFERENCE: From the Chi-Square test, for a degree of freedom of 9 at 5 % significance level Z t = 16.919 The calculated value of Chi-square is much higher than the table and hence the result does not support the hypothesis. We can, thus conclude Ho is rejected. There is a significant relationship between salary and causes for absenteeism.

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ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE ONE WAY ANOVA Table cross tabulation of employee aware of our production. Statements Employee Employee aware Leave Policies 42 not aware 58 100 Total

Job Responsibilities Production Plan

92

100

62

38

100

196

104

300

Hypothesis:
Null Hypothesis (Ho) There is no significant relationship between employee not aware. Alternate Hypothesis (Ha) There is significant relationship between different employee aware.

Calculation
Correction factor = T2/N =3002 /6 = 15000

SSB=1962+1042 - 15000 = 49232-15000 =34232

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SSW=422+582+922+82+622+382 -15000 = 18944 Where, T= Total number of respondents. N=Number of fields. Degree of Sources of variation Sum Square Between Samples SSB=34232 freedom C-1=1

Mean square

Variane ratio

MSB=SSB/C-1 =34232

F=MSB/MSW =8.95

With in Samples

SSW=18944

N-C=4

MSW=SSW/N-C =3822

where, SSB= Sum square of between samples. SSW=Sum square of with in samples. MSB= Mean square of between samples. MSW=Mean square of with in samples. Calculated value : 8.95

At 5% significance level (1,4)=7.71 Tabulated value : 7.71

Calculated value > Tabulated value Therefore , accept the null hypothesis. INTERPRETATION: There is no significance relationship between the employee aware.

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CHAPTER IV Summary of Findings, Suggestions and Conclusion

4.1FINDINGS
1. Find out the a FLAKT (INDIA) private limited of the employees, since a FLAKT (INDIA) private limited is considered as a factor for absenteeism. It is inferred that majority of the employees belong to the 26-30 years category. . 2. More than 86% of the employees are single. 3. More than 44 % of the employees draw salary ranging between 7000-9000. 4. More than 62% of the employees have 12th qualification. 5. More than70% employees working in this company has more than 0-3 years of experience. 6. Employees are absent from work due to the distance factor. It is inferred that 84% employees 1-5 km stay in and around FLAKT(INDIA)

7. Around 58% of the employees are not aware of leave policies. So the management has to communicate to them effectively. 8. The major causes for absenteeism reported by the employees are Indebtedness (48%) Personal (36%), health (6%) and others (10%) and the other reasons that contribute are poor pay and lack of motivation. 9. Around 38 % of the employees are not aware of the production plan for the month. The supervisor should communicate the production target for the month so that they may not absent themselves from work unnecessarily. 10. More than 74% of the employees are not opting for job rotation because if they are rotated they will lose seniority position. 11. Around 46% of the employees do not agree with the fact that their absence will affect productivity. They say that as there is replacement during their absence, productivity will not be affected. 12. More than 45% of the employees come regularly to work for 26 days because of the attendance policy of the company. 13. Around 62% of the employees undergo stress working with the outdated machines, especially operators and assistant operators. 65

14. Around 70% of the employees are not very much satisfied with their position in FLAKT(INDIA), because there is no designation given to them. 15. More than 74% of the employees are very much dissatisfied with the recognition for their contribution. 16. More than 60% of the employees are satisfied and happy with the working hours 17. More than 70 % of the employees are dissatisfied with the canteen facilities 18.More than 45% of the employees are satisfied and happy with the working continuous 19. More than 90% of the employees are not satisfied with the pay Structure performance. 26. Around 86% of the employees are of the opinion that they are not motivated. 21. 26% of the employees have other source of income. 22. None of the employees has been absent from work due to conflict with the co-workers and management. 23. More than 94% of the employees come regularly to work for 26 days because of the attendance policy of the company. 24. It is inferred that 66 % of the employees of the opinion that they do not have a challenging job. 25. There is a significant relationship between the numbers of days employees work in a month and the attendance policy 26. There is a significant relationship between the numbers of days employees taking leave in a month and other source of income. 27. There is a significant relationship between a FLAKT (INDIA) private limited and absenteeism. 28. There is a significant relationship between salary and causes for absenteeism. 29. There is no significance relationship between the employees aware.

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4.2 SUGGESTIONS

1. If there is a function or an important event in the family of an employee, he should inform the management by extending an invitation. So the management of FLAKT (INDIA) private limited for the suitable replacement beforehand.

2. Attendance policy of payment of Rs 350/- to an employee who comes to Work regularly for 26 days may be increased to Rs 500/-.

3. Educate the employees on the effect of their absence on the productivity of the organization.

4. At the meeting held by management, a worker can be made to share his experiences with his co-workers about how he manages to come to work regularly. 5. If the employees are not motivated to work, they may not pay attention to be punctual or reporting to work. So an incentive based on productivity provides them with a boost to their motivation. It helps the employees decide to go to work rather than staying at home. They can also display the names of the employees who are performing well. 6. The management should take necessary measures to recognize and reward the employees for their contribution. 7. The employees undergo stress working with the outdated machines, especially operators and assistant operators. So the management has to take action to replace the outdated ones with new ones.

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4.3CONCLUSION

Absenteeism is a financial burden to management causing increased stress on the remaining workers and decreased productivity. Some causes of absenteeism are controllable and others are uncontrollable. According to the study the controllable factors include relationship with supervisor; motivation, satisfaction etc and uncontrollable factors include personal problems, side business etc. The controllable factors should be reinforced by implementing the suggestions that have been stated above. The objective of reducing absenteeism can be achieved. From this study it has been found that the major causes for absenteeism are personal, indebtedness. The management should communicate all the policies and various schemes and the production target so that the employees will feel a sense of belongingness to the company. Thus various motivation techniques should be followed apart from counseling to the employees. By motivating the employees, better result can be achieved and this would help the employees to come to work regularly. The supervisor has to be employee friendly so that employees feel at ease to communicate their grievances. Though absenteeism rate cannot be reduced absolutely it can be brought under control to some extent.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

BOOKS Personnel Management and Industrial Relations, Tripathy P.C, Sultan Chand and Sons Educational Publishers. Research Methodology, Kothari .C.R. Second Edition, New A FLAKT (INDIA) private limited International Publishers.

JOURNAL Adrain Furnham (1994), Personality at work, Volume1, Part 9- Pages 250-258. Josias (1992), The relationship between job satisfaction and absenteeism, Human Relations, Vol. 45, No. 2, a FLAKT (INDIA) private limited no. 190

Peter Bycio (2606), Job performance and absenteeism, Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, Vol. 13, No. 2, Pages 42-60 David (2604), Motivation and absenteeism, Human Relations Vol. 13, No. 1, a FLAKT (INDIA) private limitedno.33-46

WEBSITE www.allexperts.com www.hr.com www.hr-info.com www.citehr.com www.amazines.com/absenteeism_related.html Www. Humanliks.com http://www.entrepreneur.com/encyclopedia/term/82642.html

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APPENDICES
QUESTIONNAIRE PERSONAL DETAILS NAME: 1. Age: (a) 26-30 yrs 2. Experience: (a) 0-3 yrs (b) 3-6 yrs (c) 6-10 yrs (d) 10yrsABOVE (b) 30-40 yrs (c) 40-50 yrs (d) Above 50 yrs

3. Place of stay: (a) 1-5 Km (b) 5-10 Km 4. Marital Status: Single Married (c) 10-15 Km (d) Above 15 Km

5. Number of Dependents: (a) 6 (b) 22 (c) 46 (d) 26

6. Salary: (a) 3000-5000 (b) 5000-7000 (c) 7000-9000 (d) 9000-11000

7. Educational Qualification: (a)ITI (b) 12TH (c) UG (d) PG

8. Are you aware of the companys leave policies? Yes 9. Is your job challenging? Yes No No

10. Are you aware of the production plan for every month? Yes No

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11. Are you aware of your job responsibility and roles in your organization? Yes No

12. Are you looking for any kind of job chanFLAKT (INDIA) private limitedin your organization? Yes No

13.Do you agree that your absence severely affects productivity? a) Strongly agree (b) Agree (c) No opinion (d) Disagree (e) strongly Disagree

14.Are you friendly with your supervisor (production manager) to express your grievances? Yes No

15.Do you undergo any stress working with machines? Yes No

SATISFACTION LEVEL (1-5) 1- Poor 2- Satisfactory 3- Good 4- Very good 5- Excellent

16. How satisfied are you with your position in FLAKT(INDIA)? 1- Poor 2- Satisfactory 3- Good 4- Very good 5- Excellent

17. How satisfied are you that you receive appropriate recognition for your contribution? 1- Poor 2- Satisfactory 3- Good 4- Very good 5- Excellent

18.Working Hours 1- Poor 2- Satisfactory 3- Good 4- Very good 5- Excellent

19. Working Conditions 1- Poor 2- Satisfactory 3- Good 4- Very good 5- Excellent

20. Canteen Facilities 1- Poor 2- Satisfactory 3- Good 4- Very good 5- Excellent

21. Connection between pay and performance 1-Poor 2- Satisfactory 3- Good 4- Very good 71 5- Excellent

22.Do you receive enough motivation from the management? Yes No

23.Do you have other source of income? Yes No

24.Do you think there is an alternative way to compensate absenteeism? Yes No

If Yes.. 25.How many hours are you engaged in the productive work per day? (a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 8

26.Have you been absent from work due to any conflict with your co-workers? Yes No

27.Are you aware of the attendance policy? Yes No

28.What is the average FLAKT (INDIA) private limited number of days you work in a month? (a) 24-26 (b) 26-24 (c) 15-26 (d) less than 15

29.What is the average FLAKT (INDIA) private limited number of days you take leave in a month? (a) 0-3 (b) 4-6 (c) 7-9 (d) Above 10

30.What is the major cause for your absenteeism? (a) Personal (b) Indebtedness (c) Health (d) Others

31.Would you recommend your company as a good place to work at? Yes No

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