Company accounts cost and management accounting Dec 2008 This Paper has 53 answerable questions with 0 answered.

Roll No Time allowed : 3 hours Total number of questions : 8 PART A

Maximum mark Total number of printed pa

(Answer Question No. 1 which is COMPULSORY and any two of the rest from this part) 1. (a) State, with reasons in brief, whether the following statements are correct or incorrect : (i) The bonus share issue cannot be made unless the existing partlypaid shares are fully paidup. (ii) In India, corporate financial statements in general do not include a cash flow statement to explain movement of cash during the accounting period. (iii) A company is not under any legal obligation to make good its past losses before distributing its current profits as dividends. (iv) The Accounting Standard-21 mandates an Indian company to present consolidated financial statements. (v) In India, corporate financial statements are prepared recognising legal forms of the transaction and ignoring the substance. (2 marks each) (b) Choose the most appropriate answer from the given options in respect of the following : (i) Securities premium money can be used for (a) Payment of dividend (b) Writing off goodwill (c) Issuance of fully paid bonus shares (d) None of the above. (ii) Loss suffered from the date of acquisition of business to the date of incorporation should be debited to (a) Goodwill account (b) Profit and loss account (c) Capital reserve account (d) Capital reduction account. (iii) Prepaid expenses are shown in balance sheet as (a) Current assets (b) Intangible assets (c) Wasting assets (d) Fixed assets. (iv) The balance of forfeited shares after reissue of the same is transferred to
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(a) Capital reserve account (b) Share capital account (c) Profit and loss account (d) Debenture redemption fund account. (v) Divisible profits include (a) General reserves (b) Profit on revaluation of assets (c) Profit prior to incorporation period (d) Capital reserve. (1 mark each) (c) Rewrite the following sentences after fillingup the blank spaces with appropriate word(s)/figure(s): (i) Accounting as a language of business communicates the financial results of corporate enterprise to various________ by means of financial statements. (ii) If a company offers to its equity shareholders the right to buy one equity share of Rs.100 each at Rs.120 for every 4 equity share of Rs.100 each and the market value of a share is Rs.180, then the value of the right is Rs.________ . (iii) The bonus share can be issued only if _________ of the company permits such an issue. (iv) Accounting Standard17: Segment reporting is mandatory for all commercial, industrial and business reporting corporate enterprises, whose turnover for the accounting period exceeds Rs. _______. (v) Consolidated financial statements are presented by a _______ company to provide financial information about the economic activities of its group. (1 mark each) 2. (a) Write short notes on any two of the following : (i) Objectives of international accounting standards. (ii) Loss on issue of debentures. (iii) Firm underwriting. (3 marks each) (b) Following is the balance sheet of Anupam Ltd. as on 31st March, 2008 : Liabilities 2,00,000, 14% Preference shares of Rs.100 each, fully called 2,00,00,000 Less: Calls in arrears @ Rs.20 per share 4,00,000 10,00,000 Equity shares of Rs.10 each, Rs.8 per share called 80,00,000 Less: Callsinarrears 20,000 79,80,000 Add : Callsinadvance 10,000 Securities premium General reserve
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Rs.

1,96,00,000

79,90,000 5,10,000 1,50,00,000

10,000, 15% Debentures @ Rs.1,000 each, fully paid Current liabilities and provisions Assets Fixed assets Investments Other current assets Cash and bank balances

1,00,00,000 10,00,000 5,41,00,000 1,30,00,000 28,00,000 2,15,00,000 1,68,00,000 5,41,00,000

On 1st April, 2008, the Board of directors decided that (i) The fully paid preference shares are to be redeemed at a premium of 4% on 1st May, 2008 and for that purpose 6 lakh equity shares of Rs.10 each are to be issued at a premium of 5%. (ii) 3,000 Equity shares owned by Mohan, an existing shareholder, who has failed to pay the allotment money and the first call money @ Rs.3 and Rs.2.50 per share respectively, equity shares are to be forfeited on 31st May, 2008. (iii) The final call of Rs.2 per share is to be made on 7th July, 2008 on equity shares. All the above are duly complied with according to schedule. The amount due on the issue of fresh issue and on final call are also duly received except from Sohan who had failed to pay the first call for his 1,400 equity shares, has again failed to pay the final call also. These shares of Sohan are to be forfeited on 31st August 2008. Show the necessary journal entries. (9 marks) 3. (a) Comment on any two of the following statements : (i) As a matter of prudence, whole of free reserves should not be utilised in the case of buyback of shares. (ii) As a matter of sound commercial policy, current profits are to be applied while paying dividend out of current profits without making good past losses. (iii) In case of undersubscription of shares, question of returning the money does not arise at all. (3 marks each) (b) Following are the balance sheets of Asha Ltd. and Bipasha Ltd. as on 31st March, 2008 : Liabilities Asha Ltd. Bipasha Ltd. Rs. Rs. Capital (Rs.10 per share) 10,00,000 8,00,000 Profit and loss account 4,00,000 2,00,000 Loan from Asha Ltd. 80,000 Bills payable 80,000 60,000 14,80,000 11,40,000 Assets Machinery 3,00,000 2,80,000
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Furniture Debtors Loan to Bipasha Ltd. Shares in Bipasha Ltd. Bills receivable

50,000 2,50,000 80,000 7,00,000 1,00,000 14,80,000

20,000 8,00,000 40,000 11,40,000

Asha Ltd. purchased 75% shares of Bipasha Ltd. for Rs.7,00,000 on 31st March, 2008. Bills payable of Bipasha Ltd. include bills of Rs.20,000 accepted in favour of Asha Ltd. Prepare a consolidated balance sheet. (9 marks) 4. (a) Distinguish between any two of the following : (i) Underwriters and brokers. (ii) Marked applications and unmarked applications. (iii) Callsinarrears and callsinadvance. (3 marks each) (b) Following is the balance sheet of Ramesh Ltd. as on 31st March, 2008 : Liabilities Rs. Equity shares of Rs.10 each 10,00,000 12% Preference shares of Rs.100 each 10,00,000 General reserve 6,00,000 Profit and loss account 4,00,000 15% Debentures 10,00,000 Creditors 8,00,000 48,00,000 Assets Goodwill 5,00,000 Building 15,00,000 Plant 10,00,000 Investment in 10% stock (market value of Rs.5,20,000, nominal value Rs.5,00,000) 4,80,000 Stock 6,00,000 Debtors 4,00,000 Cash 1,00,000 Preliminary expenses 2,20,000 48,00,000 Additional information Assets are revalued as follows: Building : Rs.32,00,000; Plant : Rs.18,00,000; Stock : Rs.4,50,000; and Debtors : Rs.3,60,000. Average profit before tax of the company is Rs.12,00,000 and 12.5% of the profit is transferred to general reserve, rate of taxation being 50%. Normal dividend expected on equity shares is 8% while
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fair return on capital employed is 10%. Goodwill may be valued at 3 years purchase of super profits. Ascertain the value of each equity share under fair value method. (9 marks)
PART B

(Answer Question No.5 which is compulsory and any two of the rest from this part.) 5. (a) State, with reasons in brief, whether the following statements are true or false : (i) Cost accounting is a branch of financial accounting. (ii) Bin card shows the value of a material at any moment of time. (iii) In absorption costing, the valuation of inventories is higher than in marginal costing technique. (iv) A budget manual is a summary of all the financial budgets. (v) Cost reduction is cost control. (2 marks each) (b) Choose the most appropriate answer from the given options in respect of the following : (i) Administration overheads are recovered as a percentage of (a) Direct materials (b) Direct wages (c) Prime cost (d) Works cost. (ii) For contracts which are very near to completion, the profit is ascertained by the formula (a) Estimated profit Work certified / Contract price (b) Estimated profit Work certified / Contract price Cash received / Work certified (c) Estimated profit Work certified / Contract price Cost of work / Total cost to date Any of the above in the absence of specific instruction. (iii) The type of process loss that should not affect the cost of inventories is (a) Abnormal loss (b) Normal loss (c) Seasonal loss (d) Standard loss. (iv) CostVolumeProfit analysis is most important for the determination of the (a) Volume of operations necessary to breakeven (b) Variable revenues necessary to equal fixed costs (c) Relationship between revenues and costs at various levels of operation (d) Sales volume necessary to equal fixed costs. (v) For shoe manufacturers, the most suitable cost system is (a) Job costing (b) Batch costing (c) Contract costing
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(d) None of the above. (1 mark each) (c) Rewrite the following sentences after fillingup the blank spaces with appropriate word(s)/figure(s) : (i) Cost is a fact whereas price is a __________. (ii) Imputed costs are relevant for _________. (iii) A __________ is the cost that has already been incurred and cannot be avoided by decisions taken in the future. (iv) Economic lot size is the order size that _________ the total cost of ordering and storing. (v) A profit centre is a division or organisational unit concerned with controlling both _________ and costs. (1 mark each) 6. (a) Write short notes on any two of the following : (i) Bases of apportionment. (ii) Cost plus contracts (iii) Labour turnover. (3 marks each) (b) A factory is currently working at 50% capacity and produces 1,000 units. From the following information, you are required to estimate profits of the factory when it works at 60% and 80% working capacity respectively and offer your critical comments: At 60% working capacity, raw material cost increases by 2% and selling price falls by 2%. At 80% working capacity, raw materials cost increases by 5% and selling price falls by 5%. At 50% capacity working, the product costs Rs.180 per unit and is sold at Rs.200 per unit. The unit cost of Rs.180 is made up as follows: Rs. 100 30 30 (40% fixed) 20 (50% fixed) (9 marks) 7. (a) What are the objectives of financial statement analysis ? (6 marks) OR "Although including interest in the normal cost is practically difficult but excluding interest altogether may lead to wrong managerial decisions." Comment. (6 marks) (b) A company has annual fixed cost of Rs.1,40,00,000. In the year 200708, sales amounted to
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Raw material Labour Factory overheads Administration overheads

Rs.6,00,00,000 as compared with Rs.4,50,00,000 in the preceding year 200607. Profit in 200708 is Rs.42,00,000 more than that in 2006-07. On the basis of the above information, answer the following: (i) At what level of sales, the company would have breakeven? (ii) Determine profit/loss on a forecasted sales volume of Rs.8,00,00,000. (iii) If there is a reduction in selling price by 10% in the financial year 200809 and company desires to earn the same amount of profit as in 200708, what would be the required sales volume ? (9 marks) 8. (a) Distinguish between any two of the following : (i) Budget period and control period. (ii) Cash and cash equivalents. (iii) Cost sheet and production account. (3 marks each) (b) From the following information, prepare a cash flow statement showing net cash flows from operating activities, investing activities and financing activities as per Accounting Standard3 (Revised) : Rs. in Lakhs Net profit 25,000 Dividend paid (including dividend tax) 8,535 Book value of assets sold 185 Amortisation of capital grant 6 Carrying amounts of investments sold 27,765 Interest expenses 10,000 Increase in working capital (excluding cash and bank balances) 56,075 Expenditure on construction workinprogress 34,740 Receipt of grant for capital projects 12 Proceeds from short term borrowings 20,575 Closing cash and bank balances 6,988 Provision for taxation 5,000 Incometax paid 4,248 Loss on sale of assets 40 Depreciation charged 20,000 Profit on sale of investments 100 Interest on investments 2,506 Interest paid during the year 10,520 Purchase of fixed assets 14,560 Investment in joint venture 3,850 Proceeds from callsinarrears 2 Proceeds from longterm borrowings 25,980 Opening cash and bank balances 5,003 (9 marks)
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Company accounts, cost and management accounting June 2009 This Paper has 38 answerable questions with 0 answered. Roll No Time allowed : 3 hours Total number of questions : 8 PART A

Maximum mark Total number of printed pa

(Answer Question No. 1 which is COMPULSORY and any two of the rest from this part) 1. (a) State, with reasons in brief, whether the following statements are correct or incorrect : (i) Accounting Standards (AS) are formulated by International Accounting Standard Board. (ii) A joint stock company cannot purchase its own shares. (iii) If the rate of dividend declared by a company is 22%, then under the Companies (Transfer of Profits to Reserves) Rules, 1975 the percentage of profits to be transferred to reserves should be 10%. (iv) The law limits the commission in case of issue of shares to 10% of the issue price of shares and in case of debentures to 5% or such lower rate as is provided in the articles of association. (v) Contingent liabilities relating to outsiders must be shown on the liability side of the consolidated balance sheet. (2 marks each) (b) Rewrite the following sentences after fillingin the blank spaces with appropriate word(s)/figure(s): (i) According to the provisions of section 198 of the Companies Act, 1956, maximum limit on the total managerial remuneration payable by public company is ________ of net profits. (ii) A company must pay the dividends within ________ days of its declaration. (iii) Preliminary expense is a ________ asset. (iv) Discount on the issue of debenture is a ________ loss. (v) If the purchase price of the debenture includes the interest for the expired period, it is known as ________. (1 mark each) (c) Gaurav Ltd. had issued 12%, Rs.10,00,000 debentures @ Rs. 100 each in the past. For the purpose of redemption, it maintains a debenture redemption fund with an annual contribution of Rs.90,000. On 1st April, 2008, the fund stood at Rs.4,50,000 represented by 6%, Rs.5,00,000 government loan. On 31st March, 2009, Rs.2,00,000 government loan was sold @ Rs.93.50 and the proceeds were utilised to purchase debentures for cancellation @ Rs.85 each. Assume that Rs.20,000 debentures have been redeemed out of capital and the balance with face value of Rs.1,80,000 has been redeemed out of
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debenture redemption fund account. Prepare debenture account, debenture redemption fund account and debenture redemption fund investment account. 2. (a) Write short notes on any two of the following : (i) Accounting Standard10 : Accounting for fixed assets (ii) Issue of shares at a discount (iii) Taxation on distributed profits. (3 marks each) (b) Following are the abridged balance sheets of Harry Ltd. and Say Ltd. as on 31st March, 2009 : Liabilities Hary Ltd. Say Ltd. (Rs.) (Rs.) Equity share capital (Rs.100 each) 10,00,000 5,00,000 General reserve 1,00,000 1,70,000 Profit and loss account 1,60,000 1,30,000 Current liabilities 4,40,000 2,00,000 17,00,000 10,00,000 Assets Fixed assets 4,80,000 2,50,000 Investment in shares of Say Ltd. 5,00,000 Current assets 7,20,000 7,50,000 17,00,000 10,00,000 Additional information : (i) On 1st July, 2008, Hary Ltd. acquired 3,000 shares in Say Ltd. The reserves and surplus position of Say Ltd. as on 1st April, 2008 was as under: General reserve Rs.2,50,000 Profit and loss a/c (Cr.) Rs.1,20,000 (ii) On 1st October, 2008, Say Ltd. issued one equity share for every four shares held as bonus shares out of general reserve. No entry has been made in the books of Say Ltd. for issue of bonus shares. (iii) On 30th September, 2008, Say Ltd. declared a dividend out of preacquisition profits @ 25% on Rs.4,00,000, its capital on that date. Hary Ltd. credited the dividend to its profit and loss account. (iv) Say Ltd. owed Hary Ltd. Rs.50,000 for purchase of stock from Hary Ltd. The entire stock is held by Say Ltd. on 31st March, 2009. Hary Ltd. made a profit of 25% on cost. Prepare a consolidated balance sheet of Hary Ltd. and its subsidiary Say Ltd. as on 31st March, 2009. (9 marks) 3. (a) Abridged balance sheet of Rama Ltd. as on 31st March, 2009 is as follows : Liabilities Rs. Share capital 6,00,000
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Reserves and surplus 50,000 Bank overdraft 10,000 Creditors 60,000 Provision for taxation 1,10,000 Proposed dividend 60,000 8,90,000 Assets Fixed assets 3,70,000 Current assets 5,20,000 8,90,000 The net profits of the company after deducting working expenses but before providing for taxation were as under : Year Rs. 200607 3,18,000 200708 3,40,000 200809 3,12,000 On 31st March, 2009, fixed assets were at Rs.4,50,000. Sundry debtors on the same date included Rs.10,000 which is irrecoverable. Having regard to the type of business, a 10% return on average capital employed is considered as reasonable. Ascertain the value of goodwill on the basis of three years purchase of annual super profits. Also calculate goodwill by capitalisation of average maintainable profits. Depreciation on fixed assets is charged @ 10% per annum and the rate of tax is 30%. (6 marks) (b) Following is the profit and loss account of Azad Ltd. for the year ended 31st March, 2009 : Rs. To Office and administrative expenses 3,10,000 To Selling and distribution expenses 1,92,000 To Directors fees 39,500 To Managerial remuneration 1,70,000 To Interest on debentures 18,500 To Donation to charitable trust 15,000 To Compensation for breach of contract 27,000 To Depreciation on fixed assets 3,12,000 To Investment revaluation reserve 12,500 To Provision for taxation 7,40,000 To General reserve 2,50,000 To Balance c/d 8,46,500 29,33,000 By Balance b/d 3,43,200 By Gross profit b/d 24,15,000 By Subsidies 1,39,300
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By Interest on investment By Transfer fees By Profit on sale of machinery (W.D.V. Rs.30,000)

9,500 1,000 25,000 29,33,000

Additional information : Original cost of the machinery sold was Rs.40,000. Depreciation on fixed assets as per Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956 was Rs.3,42,000. You are required to calculate managerial remuneration in the following situations : (i) when there is only wholetime director; (ii) when there are two wholetime directors; and (iii) when there are two wholetime directors, a managing director and a parttime director. (6 marks) (c) Differentiate between shares and debentures. (3 marks) 4. (a) Jolly Ltd. has the following balance sheet as on 31st March, 2008 : Liabilities Rs. Share capital : Issued, subscribed and fully paidup (10,000 equity shares of Rs.100 each) 10,00,000 5,000 Preference shares of Rs.100 each 5,00,000 Capital reserve 1,00,000 Securities premium account 1,00,000 General reserve 2,00,000 Profit and loss account 1,00,000 Current liabilities 10,00,000 30,00,000 Assets Fixed assets 22,00,000 Current assets 8,00,000 30,00,000 The preference shares are to be redeemed at 10% premium. Fresh issue of equity shares is to be made to the extent it is required under the Companies Act, 1956 for the purpose of this redemption. The shortfall in funds for the purpose of the redemption after utilising the proceeds of the fresh issue are to be met by taking a bank loan. Show journal entries. (6 marks) (b) Silver Ore Co. Ltd. was formed on 1st April, 2007 with an authorised capital of Rs.6,00,000 in shares of Rs.10 each. Of these, 52,000 shares had been issued and subscribed but there were callsinarrears
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on 100 shares. From the following trial balance as on 31st March, 2008, prepare the trading and profit and loss account and the balance sheet : Rs. Rs. Cash at bank 1,05,500 Share capital 5,19,750 Plant 40,000 Sale of silver 1,79,500 Mines 2,20,000 Promotional expenses 6,000 Interest on fixed deposit upto 31st 3,900 December 3,200 Dividend on investment less 22% tax 10,000 Royalties paid 17,000 Railway track and wagons 74,220 Wages of miners 5,000 Advertising 1,800 Carriage on plant 20,900 Furniture and buildings 28,000 Administrative expenses 900 Repairs 6,500 Coal and oil 530 Cash 80,000 Investments in shares of Tin Mines 1,000 Brokerage on Tin Mines 89,000 6% Fixed deposit in Syndicate Bank 7,06,350 7,06,350 Depreciate plant and railway track and wagons by 10%, furniture and building by 5%. Write off one third of the promotional expenses. Value of silver on 31st March, 2008 was Rs.15,000. On 10th December, 2007, the directors forfeited 100 shares of which only Rs.7.50 per share had been paid. Ignore corporate dividend tax. (9 marks)
PART B

(Answer Question No.5 which is compulsory and any two of the rest from this part.) 5. (a) State, with reasons in brief, whether the following statements are true or false : (i) At breakeven point, the company earns only marginal profit. (ii) Fixed cost per unit remains fixed. (iii) Liquidity ratios measure long-term solvency of a concern. (iv) Rent on owned building is included in cost accounts. (v) Job costing can be used in industries using standard costing. (2 marks each)
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(b) Rewrite the following sentences after fillingin the blank spaces with appropriate word(s)/figure(s) : (i) Inflated price method of valuing material issue is suited when __________. (ii) Abnormal wastage __________ part of cost of production. (iii) __________ in a contract provides that the contract price would be suitably enhanced on the happening of a specified contingency. (iv) Direct material + direct labour + factory overheads = ______. (1 mark each) (c) Distinguish between any two of the following : (i) Bin card and stores ledger. (ii) Fixed cost and variable cost. (iii) Absorption costing and marginal costing. (3 marks each) 6. (a) A company has provided you the following details : Liabilities 31.12.2007 (Rs.) Share capital 70,000 Debentures 12,000 Reserve for doubtful debts 700 Trade creditors 10,360 Profit and loss a/c 10,040 1,03,100 Assets Cash 9,000 Debtors 14,900 Stock 49,200 Land 20,000 Goodwill 10,000 1,03,100 Additional information Dividend paid Rs.3,500; and Land was purchased for Rs.10,000. Prepare a cash flow statement as per Accounting Standard3 (Revised). (6 marks) (b) Lookahead Ltd. produces and sells a single product. Sales budget for the calendar year 2009 for each quarter is as under : Quarter No. of Units to be Sold I 12,000
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31.12.2008 (Rs.) 74,000 6,000 800 11,840 10,560 1,03,200 7,800 17,700 42,700 30,000 5,000 1,03,200

II III IV

15,000 16,500 18,000

The year 2009 is expected to open with an inventory of 4,000 units of finished product and close with an inventory of 6,500 units. Production is customarily scheduled to provide for twothirds of the current quarters demand plus onethird of the following quarters demand. Thus production anticipates sales volume by about one month. The standard cost details for one unit of the product is as follows: Direct materials 10 Kgs. @ 50 paise per kg. Direct labour 1 hour 30 minutes @ Rs.4 per hour. Variable overheads 1 hour 30 minutes @ Re.1 per hour. Fixed overheads 1 hour 30 minutes @ Rs.2 per hour based on a budgeted production volume of 90,000 direct labour hours for the year. Answer the following (i) Prepare a production budget for the year 2009 by quarters, showing the number of units to be produced. (ii) If the budgeted selling price per unit is Rs.17, what would be the budgeted profit for the year as a whole ? (iii) In which quarter of the year the company is expected to breakeven ? (3 marks each) 7. (a) Material-A is used as follows : Minimum usage 500 units per week Maximum usage 1,500 units per week Normal usage 1,000 units per week Ordering quantities 1,600 units Delivery period 46 weeks Calculate (i) Maximum level. (2 marks) (ii) Minimum level. (2 marks) (iii) Ordering level (2 marks) (b) On 1st July, 2007, Delux Ltd. undertook a contract for Rs.5,00,000. On 30th June, 2008 when the accounts were closed, the following details about the contract were gathered : Rs.
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Material purchased 1,00,000 Wages paid 45,000 General expenses 10,000 Plant purchased 50,000 Materials on hand (30.6.2007) 25,000 Wages accrued (30.6.2008) 5,000 Work certified 2,00,000 Cash received 1,50,000 Work uncertified 15,000 Depreciation of plant 5,000 The above contract has an escalation clause which reads as follows : "In the event of prices of materials and rates of wages increase by more than 5%, the contract price would be increased accordingly by 25% of the rise in the cost of materials and wages beyond 5% in each case." It was found that since the date of signing the agreement, the prices of materials and wage rates increased by 25%. The value of the work certified does not take into account the effect of the above clause. Prepare the contract account. (6 marks) (c) Differentiate between Halsey wage plan and Rowan wage plan. (3 marks) 8. From the following information, prepare the projected trading and profit and loss account for the next financial year ending 31st March, 2009 and the projected balance sheet as on that date : Gross profit ratio 25% Net profit to equity capital 10% Stock turnover ratio 5 times Average debt collection period 2 months Creditors velocity 3 months Current ratio 2 Proprietary ratio (Fixed assets to capital employed) 80% Capital gearing ratio (Preference shares and debentures to total long-term funds) 30% General reserve and profit and loss to equity shareholders fund 20% Preference share capital to debentures 2 Cost of sales consists of 40% for materials and balance for wages and overheads. Gross profit is Rs.6,00,000. (15 marks)
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Company accounts, cost and management accounting Dec 2009 This Paper has 48 answerable questions with 0 answered. Roll No Time allowed : 3 hours Total number of questions : 8 PART A

Maximum mark Total number of printed pa

(Answer Question No. 1 which is COMPULSORY and any two of the rest from this part) 1. (a) State, with reasons in brief, whether the following statements are correct or incorrect : (i) Interest on debentures is payable only when there is profit. (ii) An underwriter while entering into a contract for issue of shares should be a company. (iii) Partly paid-up preference shares can be redeemed. (iv) Dividend can be paid on callsinadvance. (v) Interest cannot be paid out of capital during construction period. (2 marks each) (b) Choose the most appropriate answer from the given options in respect of the following : (i) As per the provisions laid down in Table-A of Schedule-I of the Companies Act, 1956, the amount of call as the percentage of the face value of shares should not exceed (a) 10% (b) 25% (c) 20% (d) None of the above. (ii) The minimum percentage of the face value of shares that should be called for as application money is (a) 5 (b) 10 (c) 15 (d) 20. (iii) Debentures issued as collateral security will be debited to (a) Bank account (b) Debentures suspense account (c) Debentures account (d) Collateral security account. (iv) Preliminary expenses are (a) Current liability (b) Current assets
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(c) Fictitious assets (d) Contingent liability. (v) As per section 77A of the Companies Act, 1956, every buy-back should be completed within a period of (a) 3 months from the date of passing special resolution (b) 12 months from the date of passing special resolution (c) 6 months from the date of passing special resolution (d) 1 month from the date of passing special resolution. (1 mark each) (c) Rewrite the following sentences after fillingin the blank spaces with appropriate word(s)/figure(s) : (i) Issue of debentures to vendors is known as issue of debentures ___________. (ii) Profit prior to incorporation should be credited to __________ account. (iii) If forfeited shares are re-issued at a discount, the amount of discount should in no case exceed the amount credited to __________. (iv) Accounting standards are formulated under the authority of the ____________. (v) Yield basis valuation of shares may take the form of valuation based on rate of return and ___________. (1 mark each) 2. (a) What is amortisation period of intangible assets ? Can useful life of the intangible assets exceed the period of legal rights? (6 marks) (b) Suraj Ltd. issued to public 1,50,000 equity shares of Rs.100 each at par. Rs.60 per share were payable along with the application and the balance on allotment. This issue was underwritten equally by A, B, and C for a commission of 3%. Applications for 1,40,000 shares were received as per details given below :
Underwriter Firm Underwriting Applications Marked Applications Total Applications
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A B C Unmarked Applications

5,000 5,000 3,000

40,000 46,000 34,000

45,000 51,000 37,000 7,000 1,40,000

It was agreed to credit the unmarked applications to A and C. Suraj Ltd. accordingly made the allotment and received the amounts due from the public. The underwriters settled their accounts. You are required to (i) prepare a statement of liability of the underwriters assuming that the benefit of firm underwriting is given to individual underwriters; and (ii) journalise the above transactions (including cash) in the books of Suraj Ltd.

(6 marks) (c) Give the necessary journal entries both at the time of issue and redemption of debentures in the following case: Eagle Ltd. issued Rs.1,00,000, 15% debentures of Rs.100 each at a discount of 5%, but redeemable at a premium of 5% at the end of 4 years. (3 marks) 3. (a) On the basis of following information, compute the value of an equity share and a preference share of both Chelsi Ltd. and Nensi Ltd. (i) when only a few shares are sold; and (ii) when controlling shares are to be sold :
Chelsi Ltd. (Rs.) Nensi Ltd. (Rs.)
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Profit after tax 12% Preference share capital (shares of Rs.100 each) Equity share capital (shares of Rs.10 each)

10,00,000 10,00,000 50,00,000

10,00,000 20,00,000 40,00,000 (6 marks)

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(b) What do you understand by provision for taxation? What factors are to be considered while estimating the provision for taxation? (6 marks) (c) Ronny Ltd. forfeited 200 shares of Rs.10 each, Rs.8 per share being calledup on which a shareholder paid application and allotment money of Rs.5 per share but did not pay the first call money of Rs.3 per share. Of these forfeited shares, 150 shares were subsequently re-issued by the company as fully paidup for Rs.8 per share. Give journal entries for the forfeiture and re-issue of shares. (3 marks) 4. (a) Anuj Ltd. had an accumulated amount of general reserve of Rs.5,00,000. The directors of Anuj Ltd. decided to declare bonus shares out of the general reserve and to utilise the dividend in the following manner : (i) To make 10,000 partly paid shares of Rs.10 each paid-up at Rs.6 each, as fully paid-up. (ii) To distribute 4 fully paid bonus shares of Rs.10 each at Rs.12 each, for 5 fully paid existing 20,000 shares of Rs.10 each. Show journal entries in the books of Anuj Ltd. to give effect to the above adjustments. (6 marks) (b) "Issue of bonus shares by the subsidiary company does not affect the cost of control." Comment. (6 marks) (c) "Accounting Standards are mandatory for all companies." Comment. (3 marks)
PART B

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(Answer Question No.5 which is compulsory and any two of the rest from this part.) 5. (a) State, with reasons in brief, whether the following statements are correct or incorrect : (i) All longterm costs are controllable. (ii) Rent on own building is not included in cost accounts. (iii) Under differential piece rate of incentive scheme, there is no encouragement to improve the performance of the workers. (iv) By job rotation, labour turnover can be controlled/reduced upto some extent. (v) Administration overheads are incurred due to management policy and they are easily controllable. (2 marks each) (b) Choose the most appropriate answer from the given options in respect of the following : (i) The most suitable cost system where the products differ in type of materials and work performed is (a) Job costing (b) Process costing (c) Operating costing (d) None of the above. (ii) Current liabilities are equal to (a) Working capital + current assets (b) Working capital current assets (c) Current assets working capital (d) Current assets + working capital (iii) Non-controllable cost is the cost which (a) Is not subject to control at any level of managerial supervision (b) Cannot be controllable during a particular financial year (c) Cannot be controllable at any cost (d) None of the above. (iv) Reordering level is equal to (a) Maximum consumption x minimum reorder period (b) Maximum consumption x maximum reorder period (c) Minimum consumption x minimum reorder period (d) Normal usage x normal delivery period. (v) A budget designed to remain unchanged irrespective of the level of activity actually attained is called (a) Master budget (b) Fixed budget (c) Current budget (d) Flexible budget.
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(1 mark each) (c) Rewrite the following sentences after fillingin the blank spaces with appropriate word(s)/figure(s) : (i) Material losses due to abnormal reasons should be transferred to _______. (ii) __________ determines the priorities of functional budgets. (iii) The ratio of total liquid assets to current liabilities is known as _________. (iv) Breakeven chart is the graphical relationship between ___________. (v) _________ is the allotment of proportion of items of cost to cost centre/cost units. (1 mark each) 6. (a) The sales turnover and profit during two periods were as follows : Period-1 Sales : Rs.20 lakh; and Profit : Rs.2 lakh Period-2 Sales : Rs.30 lakh; and Profit : Rs.4 lakh Calculate : (i) P/V ratio; (ii) Sales required to earn a profit of Rs.5 lakh; and (iii) Profit when sales are Rs.10 lakh. (b) The total overhead expenses of a factory are Rs.4,46,380. Taking into account the normal working of the factory, overheads were recovered from production at Rs.1.25 per hour. The actual hours worked were 2,93,104. How would you proceed to close the books of account, assuming that besides 7,800 units produced of which 7,000 were sold ? There were 200 equivalent units in workinprogress. On investigation, it was found that 50% of the unabsorbed overheads were on account of increase in the cost of indirect material and indirect labour and the other 50% was due to factorys inefficiency. (6 marks) (c) What are the limitations of management accounting? (3 marks) 7. (a) A worker under the Halsey Plan of remuneration has a day rate of Rs.1,200 per week of 48 hours, plus a cost of living bonus of Rs.10 per hour worked. He is given an 8-hour task to perform, which he accomplishes in 6 hours. He is allowed 30% of the time saved as premium bonus. What would be his total hourly rate of earnings, and what difference would it make if he were paid under the Rowan Plan ? (6 marks) (b) A chemical manufacturing unit uses Material-A as the basic material. The cost of Material-A is Rs.20 per kg. and the input-output ratio is 120%. Due to a sudden shortage in the market, Material-A becomes non-available and the manufacturing unit is considering the use of one of the following substitutes available:
Material Material InputOutput Ratio Rs. Per Kg.
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B1 B2

135% 115%

26 30

You are required to recommend which of the above substitutes is to be used. Also indicate additional cost required to be incurred. (6 marks) (c) Write a note on zero base budgeting (ZBB). (3 marks) 8. (a) From the following information provided by Jolly Ltd., you are required to prepare the balance sheet : Current ratio 2.5 Liquidity ratio 1.5 Proprietary ratio 0.75 Working capital Rs.6,00,000 Reserves and surplus Rs.4,00,000 Bank overdraft Rs.1,00,000 There is no long-term loan or fictitious assets. You are also required to show the necessary working notes. (6 marks) (b) What are the benefits of cash flow statement? Mention the parties who are benefited from preparing cash flow statement. (6 marks) (c) What is margin of safety? How may it be improved? (3 marks)
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Company accounts, cost and management accounting June 2010 This Paper has 45 answerable questions with 0 answered. Roll No Time allowed : 3 hours Total number of questions : 8 NOTE : All working notes should be shown distinctly. PART A

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(Answer Question No. 1 which is COMPULSORY and any two of the rest from this part) 1. (a) State, with reasons in brief, whether the following statements are correct or incorrect: (i) Accounting policies vary from enterprise to enterprise. (ii) In the absence of declaration of dividend, there is no need to provide for depreciation in the accounts of companies. (iii) Securities premium money can be distributed as dividend. (iv) For calculating minority interest, there is a need to distinguish between capital and revenue profits of the subsidiary. (v) While preparing the consolidated balance sheet, a contingent liability in respect of a transaction between the holding and the subsidiary companies is disappeared from the foot note. (2 marks each) (b) Choose the most appropriate answer from the given options in respect of the following : (i) Indian accounting standards are formulated under the authority of the (a) Council of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (b) National Advisory Committee on Accounting Standards (c) International Accounting Standard Board (d) Accounting Standard Board. (ii) As per section 79 of the Companies Act, 1956 from the date of receiving the sanction of the CentralGovernment, a company must issue shares at discount within a period of (a) One month (b) Two months (c) Three months (d) Six months. (iii) As per section 387 of the Companies Act, 1956, total remuneration to manager should not exceed the rate of net profit of the company except with approval of the Central Government (a) 5%
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(b) 2% (c) 11% (d) 10% (iv) Profit on cancellation of own debentures should be transferred to (a) Profit and loss account (b) Profit and loss appropriation account (c) Capital reserve account (d) Reserve capital account. (v) Profit prior to incorporation is transferred to (a) General reserve (b) Capital reserve (c) Goodwill account (d) Profit and loss account. (1 mark each) (c) Re-write the following sentences after filling-in the blank spaces with appropriate word(s)/figure(s) : (i) Goodwill is ____________ asset. (ii) Preliminary expenses being of capital nature may be written-off against ___________. (iii) Collateral security implies ___________ security given for a loan. (iv) Interim dividend is a dividend declared at any time between the ________ where the final dividend is declared. (v) Stock reserve for unrealised profit in respect of inter-company transactions should be created by debiting __________ and crediting __________ while preparing consolidated profit and loss account. (1 mark each) 2. (a) Write short notes on any two of the following : (i) Non-acceptability of International Accounting Standards (ii) Capitalisation of profits and reserves (iii) Phases of generation of intangible assets. (3 marks each) (b) Following are balance sheets of H Ltd. and S Ltd. as at 31st March, 2009 : H Ltd. S Ltd Liabilities (Rs.). (Rs.). Share capital (Shares of Rs.100 each) 5,00,000 5,00,000 General reserve as on 1st April, 2008 1,00,000 60,000 Profit and loss account 1,40,000 90,000 Bills payable 40,000 Creditors 80,000 50,000
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8,20,000 Assets Goodwill Other fixed assets 1,500 Shares in S Ltd. at cost Stock Debtors Cash at bank

4,40,000

40,000 30,000 3,60,000 2,20,000 2,40,000 1,00,000 90,000 20,000 75,000 60,000 25,000 8,20,000 4,40,000 The profit and loss account of S Ltd. showed a balance of Rs.50,000 on 1st April, 2008. A dividend of 15% was paid on 15th October, 2008 for the year 2007-08. The dividend was credited by H Ltd. to its profit and loss account. H Ltd. acquired shares on 1st October, 2008. The bills payable of S Ltd. were all issued in favour of H Ltd. and the same were got discounted by H Ltd. Included in the creditors of S Ltd. are Rs.20,000 for goods supplied by H Ltd. The stock of S Ltd. includes goods to the value of Rs.8,000 which were supplied by H Ltd. at a profit of 33.33% on cost. Prepare consolidated balance sheet of H Ltd. and S Ltd. as on 31st March, 2009. (9 marks) 3. The following balances have been extracted from the books of Pioneer Traders Ltd. as on 30 September, 2009 : (Rs. 000) Dr. Cr. Share capital (Authorised and issued) : Equity (15,00,000 Shares of Rs.100 each) 1,50,000 8% Redeemable preference (40,000 shares) 40,000 Securities premium 2,500 Preference share redemption 4,800 General reserve 10,000 Land (cost) 30,000 Buildings (cost less depreciation) 70,000 Furniture (cost less depreciation) 2,000 Motor vehicle (cost less depreciation) 3,500 Trading account gross profit 90,000 Establishment charges 25,000 Rate, taxes and insurance 1,200 Commission 600 Discount received 500 Interest on investments 800 Depreciation 6,000 Sundry office expenses 6,000 Payment to auditors 400 Sundry debtors and creditors 10,660 2,560 Profit and loss account (as on 30.9.2008) 1,000
th
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Unpaid dividend Cash in hand Cash at bank in current account Security deposit Outstanding expenses Investments in G.P. Notes Stock in trade (at or below cost) Provision for taxation (year ended 30.9.2008) Income-tax paid under dispute (year ended 30.9.2008) Advance payment of income-tax

1,200 19,500 1000 20,000 35,300 10,000 22,000 2,69,160

200 600 7,000 2,69,160

The following further details are available : (i) The preference shares were redeemed on 1st October, 2008 at a premium of 20% but no entries were passed for giving effect thereto, except payment standing to the debit of preference share redemption account. Depreciation as provided upto 30th September, 2009 is as follows : (i) Building Rs.2,10,00,000. (ii) Furniture Rs.20,00,000. (iii) Motor vehicles Rs.60,00,000. (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) Establishment charges include Rs.18,00,000 paid to managing director as remuneration in terms of agreement which provides for a remuneration of 5% of annual net profits. Payment to auditors includes Rs.1,00,000 for taxation work in addition to audit fees. Market value of investments on 30th September, 2009 is Rs.1,80,00,000. Sundry debtors include Rs.40,00,000 due for a period exceeding six months.

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(vii) All receivables and deposits are considered good for realisation. (viii) Income-tax demand for the year ended 30th September, 2008 Rs.1,00,00,000 has not been provided for against which appeal is pending. (ix) (x) (xi) Income-tax is to be provided @ 34%. Also provide for tax on divisible profit @ 16%. Directors recommended payment of dividend on equity shares at the rate of 12%. Ignore previous years figures.

You are required to prepare the profit and loss account for the year ended 30th September, 2009 and a balance sheet as at that date. (15 marks) 4. (a) Balance sheet of Diamond Ltd. as at 30th June, 2009 is given below : Liabilities Rs.
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Share capital : 40,000 Shares of Rs.10 each General reserve Profit and loss account Sundry creditors Income-tax reserve Assets Land and buildings Plant and machinery Patents and trade marks Preliminary expenses Stock Debtors Bank balance

4,00,000 80,000 64,000 2,56,000 1,20,000 9,20,000 2,20,000 2,60,000 40,000 24,000 96,000 1,76,000 1,04,000 9,20,000

The expert valuer valued the land and buildings at Rs.4,80,000, goodwill at Rs.3,20,000 and plant and machinery at Rs.2,40,000. Out of the total debtors, it is found that debtors of Rs.16,000 are bad. The profits of the company have been as follows : 31st March, 2007 31st March, 2008 31st March, 2008 : : : Rs.1,84,000 Rs.1,76,000 Rs.1,92,000

The company follows the practice of transferring 25% of profits to general reserve. Similar type of companies earn at 10% of the value of their shares. Plant and machinery, and land and buildings have been depreciated at 15% and 10% respectively. Ascertain the value of shares of the company by using (i) Intrinsic value method; (ii) Yield value method; and (iii) Fair value method. (6 marks) (b) Rax Ltd. invited applications from public for 1,00,000 equity shares of Rs.10 each at a premium of Rs.5 per share. The entire issue is underwritten by the underwriters A, B, C, and D to the extent of 30%, 30%, 20%, and 20% respectively with the provision of firm underwriting of 3,000, 2,000, 1,000 and 1,000 shares respectively. Underwriters are entitled to maximum commission as per law. The company has received applications for 70,000 shares from public out of which applications for 19,000, 10,000, 21,000 and 8,000 shares were marked in favour of A, B, C and D respectively. Calculate the liability of each underwriter treating firm underwriting on par with marked applications. Also ascertain the underwriting commission @ 2.5% payable to each underwriter. (6 marks)
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(c) Buy-back may be misused by the corporate entities at the cost of innocent investors. Give your comments. (3 marks)
PART B

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(Answer Question No.5 which is compulsory and any two of the rest from this part.) 5. (a) State, with reasons in brief, whether the following statements are correct or incorrect: (i) Under Flux Method, labour turnover is calculated by number of workers left divided by average number of workers. (ii) In cost plus contracts, the contractor runs a risk of incurring a loss. (iii) There is no need to record attendance of piece rate workers since attendance is not relevant for ascertaining the amount of wages to be paid. (iv) A profit centre whose performance is measured by its return on investment (ROI) is known as investment centre. (v) Contribution is not only the criterion for deciding profitability. (2 marks each) (b) Choose the most appropriate answer from the given options in respect of the following : (i) The rate of change of labour force in an organisation during a specified period is called (a) Labour efficiency (b) Labour turnover (c) Labour productivity (d) None of the above. (ii) When a contract is not complete at the end of the year, profit on incomplete contract (a) Is not considered (b) Is considered for inclusion in the profit for the year (c) Is considered for the inclusion of a part of the year (d) None of the above. (iii) When prices fluctuate widely, the method that will avoid the effect of fluctuations is (a) FIFO (b) LIFO (c) Simple average (d) Weighted average. (iv) Fixed costs remain fixed (a) Over a short period (b) Over a long period and within relevant range (c) Over a short period and within a relevant range
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(d) Over a long period. (v) When the under or over absorbed overheads amount is significant, it should be disposed off by (a) Transferring to costing profit and loss account (b) Using a supplementary rate (c) Carry over to next year (d) None of the above. (1 mark each) (c) Re-write the following sentences after filling-in the blank spaces with appropriate word(s)/figure(s) : (i) ______________ expenses are excluded from cost. (ii) An account giving details of cost of production, cost of sales and profit made during a particular period is called _____________. (iii) The process of apportionment of factory overheads among production and service department is called ____________ of factory overheads. (iv) The time for which the employer pays remuneration to workers but obtains no direct benefit is called ___________. (v) A system that keeps a running and continuous record that tracks inventories and cost of goods sold on day-to-day basis is called ________. (1 mark each) 6. Summarised income statement and balance sheet of Progressive Ltd. are given below : Income Statement for the Year ended 31st December, 2009 (Rs. 000) Sales 1,600 Less: Cost of goods sold 1,310 Gross margin 290 Less: Selling and administration expenses 40 Net operating income (EBIT) 250 Less: Interest 45 Earnings before tax 205 Less : Tax paid 82 Net income after tax 123 Earnings per share (EPS) is Rs. 3.075. Balance Sheet as at 31st December, 2009 Liabilities Paid-up capital (40,000 shares of Rs. 10 each fully paid) Retained earnings (Rs. 000) 400 120
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Debentures Creditors Bills payable Other current liabilities Assets Net fixed assets Inventory Debentures Marketable securities Cash

700 180 20 80 1500 (Rs. 000) 800 400 175 75 50 1500

Price per share is Rs.15. Industrys average ratios are : Current ratio .......... 2.4 Quick ratio .......... 105 Sales to inventory .......... 8.0 Average collection period .......... 36 days Price per share/book value of share .......... 1.6 Debts to assets .......... 40% Times interest earned .......... 6 Profit margin .......... 7% Price to earnings ratio .......... 15 Return to total assets .......... 11% (i) Progressive Ltd. would like to borrow Rs.5,00,000 from a bank for less than a year. Evaluate the firms current financial position by calculating ratios that you feel would be useful for the banks evaluation. (ii) What problem areas are suggested by your ratio analysis ? What are the possible reasons for them ? (iii) Do you think that the bank should give the loan ? (iv) If Progressive Ltd.s inventory utilisation ratio (sales to inventory) and average collection period were reduced to industry average, what amount of funds would be generated ? (15 marks) 7. (a) Write short notes on any two of the following : (i) Superiority of zero base budgeting (ZBB) to traditional budgeting (ii) Activity based costing (iii) Cash, cash equivalents and cash flows.
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(3 marks each) (b) Two manufacturing companies which have the following operating details decided to merge : CompanyI CompanyII Capacity utilisation (%) 90 60 Sales (Rs. in lakhs) 540 300 Variable costs (Rs. in lakhs) 396 225 Fixed costs (Rs. in lakhs) 80 50 Assuming that the proposal is implemented, calculate (i) Break-even sales of the merged plant and the capacity utilisation at that stage.
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(ii) Profitability of the merged plant at 80% capacity utilisation. (iii) Sales turnover of the merged plant to earn a profit of Rs.75 lakh. (iv) When the merged plant is working at a capacity to earn a profit of Rs.75 lakh, what percentage increase in selling price is required to sustain an increase of 5% in fixed overheads ? (9 marks) 8. (a) A company manufactures 5,000 units of a product per month. The cost of placing an order is Rs.100. The purchase price of the raw material is Rs.10 per kg. The re-order period is 4 to 8 weeks. The consumption of raw materials varies from 100 kgs. to 450 kgs. per week, the average consumption being 275 kgs. The carrying cost of inventory is 20% per annum. You are required to calculate (i) Re-order quantity (ii) Re-order level (iii) Maximum level (iv) Minimum level (v) Average stock level. Assume 52 weeks in a year. (6 marks) (b) Following information is available for a factory for the year 2008 : Rs. Direct material ......... 3,00,000 Direct wages ......... 2,50,000 Factory overheads ......... 1,50,000 Administrative overheads ......... 1,68,000 Selling overheads ......... 1,12,000 Distribution overheads ......... 70,000 Profit ......... 2,10,000 A work order has been executed in the year 2008 and the expenses incurred were materials
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Rs.4,000; and wages Rs.2,500. Assuming that in the year 2009 the rate of factory overheads has increased by 20%, distribution overheads have gone down by 10% and selling and administration overheads have each gone up by 12.5%, at what price should the product be sold so as to earn the same rate of profit on the selling price as in the year 2008 ? Factory overheads are based on direct wages while other overheads are based on factory cost. (9 marks)

June 2011