SUPPLEMENTARY ONLINE INFORMATION Experiments containing olivine-orthopyroxene multiple saturation were used.

Many of the references came from the LEPR database (Stolper, 1980, Takahashi, 1980, Grove, et al., 1982, Takahashi and Kushiro, 1983, Takahashi, 1986, Grove and Juster, 1989, Meen, 1990, Jurewicz, et al., 1991, Bartels, et al., 1992, Draper and Johnston, 1992, Fram and Longhi, 1992, Kinzler and Grove, 1992, Gaetani, et al., 1993, Takahashi, et al., 1993, Auwera and Longhi, 1994, Baker, et al., 1994, Jurewicz, et al., 1995, Longhi, 1995, Kinzler, 1997, Parman, et al., 1997, Gaetani and Grove, 1998, Kogiso, et al., 1998, Robinson, et al., 1998, Wagner and Grove, 1998, Walter, 1998, Falloon, et al., 1999, Salters and Longhi, 1999, Elkins, et al., 2000, Falloon and Danyushevsky, 2000, Pickering-Witter and Johnston, 2000, Blatter and Carmichael, 2001, Falloon, et al., 2001, Mntener, et al., 2001, Schwab and Johnston, 2001, Bulatove, et al., 2002, Longhi, 2002, Pichavant, et al., 2002, Elkins-Tanton, et al., 2003, Grove, et al., 2003, Hesse and Grove, 2003, McDade, et al., 2003, Wasylenki, et al., 2003, Agee and Draper, 2004, Laporte, et al., 2004, Parman and Grove, 2004, Villiger, et al., 2004, Takagi, et al., 2005, Feig, et al., 2006, Musselwhite, et al., 2006). Agee, C.B., Draper, D.S., 2004. Experimental constraints on the origin of Martian meteorites and the composition of the Martian mantle, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 224, 415-429. Asimow, P.D., Hirschmann, M.M., Stolper, E.M., 2001. Calculation of peridotite partial melting from thermodynamic models of minerals and melts, IV. Adiabatic decompression and the composition and mean properties of mid-ocean ridge basalts, J. Petrol., 42, 963-998. Asimow, P.D., Langmuir, C.H., 2003. The importance of water to oceanic mantle melting regimes, Nature, 421, 815-820. Auwera, J.V., Longhi, J., 1994. Experimental study of a jotunite (hypersthene monzodiorite): constraints on the parent magma composition and crystallization conditions (P, T, fO2) of the Bjerkreim-Sokndal layered intrusion (Norway), Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 118, 60-78. Baker, M.B., Grove, M., Price, R., 1994. Primitive basalts and andesites from the Mt. Shasta region, N. California: products of varying melt fraction and water content, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 118, 111-129. Bartels, K.S., Kinzler, R.J., Grove, T.L., 1992. High pressure phase relations of primitive high-alumina basalts from Medicine Lake volcano, northern California, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 108, 253-270. Beattie, P., 1993. Olivine-melt and orthopyroxene-melt equilibria, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 115, 103-111. Blatter, D.L., Carmichael, I.S.E., 1998. Hornblende peridotite xenoliths from central Mexico reveal the highly oxidized nature of subarc upper mantle, Geology, 26, 1035-1038. Blatter, D.L., Carmichael, I.S.E., 2001. Hydrous phase equilibria of a Mexican high-silica andesite: a candidate for a mantle origin?, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 65, 40434065.

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