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Generic Name: cefuroxime (SEF ue ROX eem) Brand names: Ceftin, Kefurox, Zinacef, Zinacef ADD-Vantage
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What is cefuroxime?
Cefuroxime is in a group of drugs called cephalosporin (SEF a low spor in) antibiotics. It works by fighting bacteria in your body. Cefuroxime is used to treat many kinds of bacterial infections, including severe or lifethreatening forms. Cefuroxime may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.
This medication can cause you to have false results with certain medical tests, including urine glucose (sugar) tests. Tell any doctor who treats you that you are using cefuroxime.
What should I discuss with my health care provider before taking cefuroxime?
Do not take this medication if you are allergic to cefuroxime, or to other cephalosporin antibiotics, such as: cefaclor (Raniclor); cefadroxil (Duricef); cefazolin (Ancef); cefdinir (Omnicef); cefditoren (Spectracef); cefpodoxime (Vantin); cefprozil (Cefzil); ceftibuten (Cedax); cephalexin (Keflex); or cephradine (Velosef). Before taking cefuroxime, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs (especially penicillins), or if you have:
kidney disease; liver disease; a history of intestinal problems, such as colitis; diabetes; or if you are malnourished. If you have any of these conditions, you may need a dose adjustment or special tests to safely take cefuroxime. The oral suspension (liquid) form of cefuroxime may contain phenylalanine. Talk to your doctor before using this form of cefuroxime if you have phenylketonuria (PKU). FDA pregnancy category B. This medication is not expected to be harmful to an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant during treatment. Cefuroxime can make birth control pills less effective, which may result in pregnancy. Tell your doctor if you are taking birth control pills to prevent pregnancy. You may need to use another form of birth control during treatment with cefuroxime. Cefuroxime can pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.
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Antibiotic medicines can cause diarrhea, which may be a sign of a new infection. If you have diarrhea that is watery or has blood in it, call your doctor. Do not use any medicine to stop the diarrhea unless your doctor has told you to.
nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, mild diarrhea, gas, upset stomach; cough, stuffy nose; stiff or tight muscles, muscle pain; joint pain or swelling; headache, drowsiness; feeling restless, irritable, or hyperactive; white patches or sores inside your mouth or on your lips; unusual or unpleasant taste in your mouth; diaper rash in an infant taking liquid cefuroxime; mild itching or skin rash; or vaginal itching or discharge. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Tell your doctor about any unusual or bothersome side effect. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
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1.5 g IV every 8 hours Therapy should be continued for approximately 3 to 4 weeks, depending on the nature and severity of the infection. Longer therapy, 6 weeks or more, may be required for prosthetic joint infections. In addition, removal of the involved prosthesis is usually required. Usual Adult Dose for Lyme Disease: 500 mg orally twice a day for 20 days The Infectious Diseases Society of America has recommended oral cefuroxime as an alternative to amoxicillin or doxycycline for the treatment of Lyme disease when oral therapy is appropriate (erythema chronicum migrans, cranial nerve palsy, first or second degree heart block, and arthritis). Febrile patients should also be evaluated/treated for human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE) and babesiosis. Usual Adult Dose for Meningitis: 1.5 g IV every 6 hours or 3 g IV every 8 hours for 14 days Usual Adult Dose for Osteomyelitis: 1.5 g IV every 8 hours Therapy should be continued for approximately four to six weeks depending on the nature and severity of the infection. Chronic osteomyelitis may require an additional one to two months of oral antimicrobial therapy. Usual Adult Dose for Otitis Media: 250 mg orally twice a day for 10 days Usual Adult Dose for Peritonitis: 750 mg to 1.5 g IV every 8 hours for 10 to 14 days CAPD-associated peritonitis: 1 gram per 2 liters of dialysate intraperitoneally, followed by a continuous maintenance dosage of 150 to 400 mg per 2 liters of dialysate Usual Adult Dose for Pneumonia: Uncomplicated: 750 mg IV or IM every 8 hours Complicated: 1.5 g IV or IM every 8 hours Once the patient responds clinically to parenteral therapy, cefuroxime 250 mg to 500 mg orally every 8 hours for 7 to 21 days may be administered. Duration of therapy is dependent upon the suspected causative organism's sensitivity to cefuroxime.
Usual Adult Dose for Pyelonephritis: 750 mg to 1.5 g every 8 hours or 250 to 500 mg orally twice a day for 14 days, depending on the nature and severity of the infection Usual Adult Dose for Sepsis: 1.5 g IV every 6 to 8 hours, in combination with an aminoglycoside Therapy should be continued for 7 to 21 days depending on the nature and severity of the infection. Usual Adult Dose for Sinusitis: 250 mg orally twice a day for 10 to 14 days Usual Adult Dose for Skin or Soft Tissue Infection: 250 to 500 mg orally twice a day (uncomplicated infections) or 750 mg IV every 8 hours for 10 days Usual Adult Dose for Surgical Prophylaxis: Preoperative: 1.5 g IV 30 to 60 minutes before the initial incision Postoperative: 750 mg IV or IM every 8 hours when the procedure is prolonged Open heart surgery: 1.5 g IV at induction and every 12 hours thereafter for a total of 6 g Cefuroxime prophylaxis is recommended as alternative to cefazolin for cardiothoracic surgery, heart transplantation, and lung or heart-lung transplantation. Cefazolin is considered the drug of choice in clean operations because it is active against Staphylococcus aureus and S epidermidis, has a long duration of action, and is relatively inexpensive. Alternatively, vancomycin may be indicated in patients with severe beta-lactam hypersensitivity or for major surgeries at institutions with high rates of MRSA or MRSE infections. Usual Adult Dose for Tonsillitis/Pharyngitis: 250 mg orally twice a day for 10 days Usual Adult Dose for Upper Respiratory Tract Infection: 250 to 500 mg orally twice a day Usual Adult Dose for Urinary Tract Infection: Uncomplicated: 250 mg orally twice a day for 7 to 10 days or 750 mg IV every 8 hours Complicated: 1.5 g IV every 8 hours
Usual Pediatric Dose for Epiglottitis: 3 months to 12 years: 50 to 100 mg/kg/day IV in divided doses every 6 to 8 hours (maximum 6 g/day) for 7 to 10 days, depending on the nature and severity of the infection Usual Pediatric Dose for Joint Infection: 3 months to 12 years: 50 mg/kg IV every 8 hours (maximum 6 g/day) 13 years or older: Adult dose Usual Pediatric Dose for Osteomyelitis: 3 months to 12 years: 50 mg/kg IV every 8 hours (maximum 6 g/day) 13 years or older: Adult dose Usual Pediatric Dose for Meningitis: 3 months to 12 years: 200 mg to 240 mg/kg/day IV in divided doses every 6 to 8 hours (maximum 9 g/day) 13 years or older: Adult dose Usual Pediatric Dose for Otitis Media: 3 months to 12 years: 250 mg tablet orally twice a day for 10 days or 15 mg/kg of the suspension twice a day for 10 days; maximum daily dose is 1000 mg 13 years or older: Adult dose Usual Pediatric Dose for Sinusitis: 3 months to 12 years: 250 mg tablet orally twice a day for 10 days or 15 mg/kg of the suspension orally twice a day for 10 to 14 days; maximum daily dose is 1000 mg 13 years or older: Adult dose Usual Pediatric Dose for Skin and Structure Infection: 3 months to 12 years: 15 mg/kg of the suspension orally twice a day for 10 days; maximum daily dose is 1000 mg Usual Pediatric Dose for Impetigo: 3 months to 12 years: 15 mg/kg of the suspension orally twice a day for 10 days; maximum daily dose is 1000 mg Usual Pediatric Dose for Tonsillitis/Pharyngitis:
3 months to 12 years: 10 mg/kg of the suspension twice a day for 10 days; maximum daily dose is 500 mg 13 years or older: Adult dose Usual Pediatric Dose for Bacterial Infection: 3 months to 12 years: Parenteral: 50 to 100 mg/kg/day IV or IM in divided doses every 6 to 8 hours (maximum daily dose 6 g), depending on the nature and severity of the infection Oral: Suspension: 10 to 15 mg/kg orally twice a day (maximum dose 1000 mg/day) Tablets: 250 mg orally twice a day 13 years or older: Adult dose
probenecid (Benemid); a blood thinner such as warfarin (Coumadin); a medication that reduces stomach acid, such as an antacid, or cimetidine (Tagamet), famotidine (Pepcid), omeprazole (Prilosec), ranitidine (Zantac), and others; or a diuretic (water pill) such as bumetanide (Bumex), furosemide (Lasix), indapamide (Lozol), hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ, HydroDiuril, Hyzaar, Lopressor, Vasoretic, Zestoretic), metolazone (Mykrox, Zarxolyn), spironolactone (Aldactazide, Aldactone), torsemide (Demadex), and others. This list is not complete and there may be other drugs that can interact with cefuroxime. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start taking a new medication without telling your doctor.
Cefuroxime
(se fyoor ox' eem)
Last reviewed: October 1, 2010.
Cefuroxime is used to treat certain infections caused by bacteria, such as bronchitis; gonorrhea; Lyme disease; and infections of the ears, throat, sinuses, urinary tract, and skin. Cefuroxime is in a class of medications called cephalosporin antibiotics. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. Antibiotics will not work for colds, flu, or other viral infections.
tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to cefuroxime, penicillin, cefaclor (Ceclor), cefadroxil (Duricef), cefamandole (Mandol), cefazolin (Ancef, Kefzol), cefdinir (Omnicef), cefditoren (Spectracef), cefepime (Maxipime), cefixime (Suprax), cefmetazole (Zefazone), cefonicid (Monocid), cefoperazone (Cefobid), cefotaxime (Claforan), cefoxitin (Mefoxin), cefpodoxime (Vantin), cefprozil (Cefzil), ceftazidime (Ceptaz, Fortaz, Tazicef), ceftibuten (Cedax), ceftizoxime (Cefizox), ceftriaxone (Rocephin), cephalexin (Keflex), cephapirin (Cefadyl), cephradine (Velosef), loracarbef (Lorabid), or any other medications. tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and nonprescription medications, vitamins, nutritional supplements, and herbal products you are taking. Be sure to mention any of the following: anticoagulants ('blood thinners') such as warfarin (Coumadin), diuretics ('water pills'), medications for heartburn or ulcers, other antibiotics, and probenecid (Benemid). Your doctor may need to change the doses of your medications or monitor you carefully for side effects. tell your doctor if you have or have ever had kidney or liver disease, colitis, or stomach problems. tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding. If you become pregnant while taking cefuroxime, call your doctor.
If you experience any of the following symptoms, call your doctor immediately:
severe skin rash itching hives difficulty breathing or swallowing wheezing diaper rash painful sores in the mouth or throat vaginal itching and discharge
Cefuroxime may cause other side effects. Call your doctor if you have any unusual problems while taking this medication. If you experience a serious side effect, you or your doctor may send a report to the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting program online [athttp://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch] or by phone [1-800-332-1088].
In case of emergency/overdose
In case of overdose, call your local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. If the victim has collapsed or is not breathing, call local emergency services at 911. Symptoms of overdose may include:
seizures
antibiotics can alter the normal bacteria flora of the colon and permit overgrowth of C. difficile, a bacteria responsible for pseudomembranous colitis. Patients who develop pseudomembranous colitis as a result of antibiotics treatment can experiencediarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, and sometimes even shock. Probenecid may increase the blood levels of cefuroxime. Cefuroxime can be used by children. It is not habit forming. SIDE EFFECTS: Cefuroxime is generally well tolerated and side effects are usually transient. Reported side effects include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain,headache, rash, hives, vaginitis, headache, and mouth ulcers. Certain cephalosporins, including cefuroxime axetil (Ceftin)can alter the colon's normal bacteria, leading to overgrowth of a bacterium called Clostridium difficile.Overgrowth ofthis bacterium leads to therelease of toxinsthat contribute to the development of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea, which may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis.
medications if you have the following symptoms because these products may make them worse. Tell your doctor immediately if you develop: persistent diarrhea, abdominal or stomach pain/cramping, blood/mucus in your stool.Use of this medication for prolonged or repeated periods may result in oral thrush or a new vaginal yeast infection (oral or vaginal fungal infection). Contact your doctor if you notice white patches in your mouth, a change in vaginal discharge or other new symptoms.A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is unlikely, but seek immediate medical attention if it occurs. Symptoms of a serious allergic reaction may include: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.In the US -Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.