B OLLETTINO U NIONE M ATEMATICA I TALIANA

B. C. Singhai On the Cesro summability of the ultraspherical series.

Bollettino dellUnione Matematica Italiana, Serie 3, Vol. 16 (1961), n.3, p. 207217. Zanichelli
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Bollettino dellUnione Matematica Italiana, Zanichelli, 1961.

SEZIONE SCIENTIFICA
BREVI NOTE

On the Cesro summability of the ultraspherical series.

By B. C. SIJSTTEAI (Sagar, India) (*) Summary* - The author has obtained theorems for Cesro summability of the ultraspherical series which extend and gnralise the results of wang [6 and 7] of Fourier series. 1. Let f(6, c p ) be a function defined for the range 0 < 6 <C T T and 0 < c p < 2TC, the ultraspherical series corresponding to it on the sphre S is M^ (.i) where cos w = cos 6 cos 6' H- sin 0 sin 8' cos ( c p cp'). The
LAPLACE

*tu x 1 % i ^f[W> ?')-P} (cos o) sin e'd'dcp' f(e, <p)oo2 s (-4-X)i / - ^ ^ i^ *, "~ V [sin'' sin 1 (o ')] ~^

series is a particular case of (1.1) for 1 = - [4].

We Write [see also; 5]

J[
i [Bin'6' BinM? - ?0 and (1.3) (sin

ru

(*) Pervenuta alla Segreteria dell'U.M.I. il 10 aprile 1961.

15

208

B. C. SNGHAI

and
0.

The absolute integrability of the integrand in (1.2) is assumed throughout. The author has obtained theorems for CSSRO summability of the series (1.1) analogons to those of IZUMI and ScnsTouCHi [1]. The object of this paper is to extend and generalize the results of WAISTG [6 and 7] for the same series. We prove the following:
THEOREM 1 - If v > p > 0 and

for 2X" > 1 and 0 < X < 1. Then the series (1.1) is summable (c, o c -+- X ) at the point (0, to the sum A, ^where v (m 1) -+- p

mp
and w is a positive integer such that m>$ > m 1.
THEOREM 2. - If p> 1 and

J2X

for B 1 < a < p and 0 < X < 1 Then the series (1.1) is summable (c, o c -+- X) at the point ( 9 , 0 ) to the sum A. 2. We require the following Lemmas :
LEMMA 1. - I n order that the series (1.1) be summable (c, k) ta the sum Ay it is sufficient that the intgral
o

= 0(1)
0

for 0 < o < u and for each h > X.

LEMMA

2. - Let Sn(*>>) dnote the n

CESRO

raean ofjrorder|fc of

the series

ON THE CESBO SXJMMABILITY OF THE ULTRASPHERICAL

SERIES

209

Then we have, for X > 0 and p>0, 0{n2X+P+1) for 0 < o > < 7T, h > 0,

==

7 c and X -f- 1
LEMMA 3. - F o r a non-integral

5 m + c r we have

(0 < a < 1),

m+i(AWn

W)

(A) / <S>
J

LEMMA 4. -

, u) = where

Lemmas 1, 2, 3, are due to known [5]. 3. Proof of Theorem 1.

OBRECHKOFF

[3] and Lemma 4 is

In order to prove the theorem, it is sufficient to show that

o

lim ! v(tt)sV

under the conditions of the theorem.

210

B. C. SINGHAI

We have the following inequality:

S> a > m 1 [F. T. WANG]

Also we have

Then
5

= ! + (1)J. since a >- m - 1, (3.1) We write I = o(l) as M- oo.

= J "+- J =
0 1

(3.2)

! - <D-^-

ON THE CESRO STJMMABTLITY OF THE ULTRASPHERICAL SERIES

0 = o (1) as n ^ oo . Also f we Write

Then

't)

= o(l) as n ^ oo. When p is not an integer

'.=

=1

, u)du.

212

B. C. SINGHAI

where

>u) = f(^ZTpj (' Now

^ "

(3.4)

'=[
n

= o(l) as When p = -m is an integer

i n

(3.5)

J, =
O

==o[ i v
= o(l) as n o o .

i wl

Combining (3.1), (3.2), (3.3), (3.4) and (3.5) the result is proved.

4. Proof of Theorem 2. If we put

and suppose for a non-integral o

g - w ^
ff

(o < ff < 1),

ON THE CESRO SUllMABlLTTY OF THE TJI/TKASPHERICAL

SERIES

213

Also let us first take the case when m > 1, then

A

% / <$(u)sn
0

(u)du
A
P

Lp=i

\du!

Jo

Proni Lemma 2 we observe that s(ng)() = o(l) as ^ -^ oo for a > ^ sice a >> S and S >> m, hence <z> m. Thus (4.1) ow J I =: o(l) as n - * oo.

( J m ^ i ( A ) s w (A) / o

[by Lemma 3]

But (4.21 Now

A r A

J"g =

since a > m.

=j s(u)s n\u)du = + = Ia

214

B. C. SINGHAI

where ao r =' S - H 2X - H Bat we have [1].

t

a i
1 " " p -i-2X

(4.3)

cpg(f) = - ^ i _ _ )
O

<p(M)cw = 0

If we put B = 1 -*- o then (4.3) is equivalent to

J+2X (4.4)

so OS(te) is integrable in the sense of (4.4), we get:

CATICHY-LEBESGUE.

Thus by

(4.5)

f f V+2X e 11\ / J / <p5(tt)dM = o U -P+i p + j = o f < -P

And so (4.6) o * ( * ) = I Os(*)dw

t

= o < -3+^j

[by (4.5)].

ON THE CESEO SUMMABILITY OF THE TJLTRASPHERICAL SERIES

215

= o(l) as % - * oo.

(4.7)

I, = GafttJsSfV)** = + =
o

ky= o\u a~ P+1 O(fl2^++i\ \n L lo = o (1) as n -+ oo.

(4.8)

k, = o\ f w*-

= o(l) as w-> oo.

(4.9)

w ==

216

B. C. SIJNTGHAI

\ -

\ <!>*(

Te'

=r o(l) as ^ - * oo.

(4.10)

du

= o (n 5 -*

na~ p
=

o(l) a s n > oo.

Combining (4.1), (4.2), (4.3), (4.4), (4.5), (4.6), (4.7), (4.8), (4.9), and (4-10) the result is proved. When o is an integer, say o r ^ m.

(4.11)*=

2(-l)P-i
! P =i

= 0(1).

ON THE CESARO SUMMABILITY OF THE ULTRASPHERICAL SERIES

2l7

When m = 0
A

(4.12)
o

/ Q)(i(u)s{n\ii)du=

0>1(A)sLo)(A) o"

= o(l) as before. W h e n 6 = 1 i.e. o = O

and
t

By the help of (4.1), (4.13)

(4.10), we have * = o(l)

I am much indebted to Prof. M. L. MISBA for his kind interest in the prparation of this paper.

KEFEEJEJSTCES

[1] IZUMIJ S. & SUNOUCHI, Gr., Notes on Fourier Analysis (XXXIX); Theorems concerning Csaro sumrnability, Tohoku Math. Jour. , Vol. 1-2, second series 1949-51, (313-326). [2] KOGBETLIANTZ, E., Recherches sur la sommabilit des sries ultrasphnque par la methode des moyennes arithmtiques, Jour Math., (9), 3, 1924, (107-187). [3] OBRECHKOFE, Sur la sommation de la sries ultrasphrique par la methode des moyennes arithmtiques, Hendiconti del Circolo Maternatico di Palermo., 59, 1932. (266-287). [4] SANSONE, Gr. Orthogonal Functions, Revised English dition (1959) [5] SINGHAI, B. C. Csaro Summability of ultraspherical series* to appear shortly in Annali di Matematica pura ed applicata., (1961). [6] WANG, F. T. A note on Csaro summability of Fourier series, Ann. Math., 44, 1943 (397-400). [7] WANG, F. T. A remark ou (C) summability of {Fourier series, Jour. London Math. Soc, 22, 1947, (40-47).