Professional Documents
Culture Documents
by Dharma Deva
However, it is not the case that people have a real option to consider
between alternatives. Where there is no economic democracy, the
potential opportunities (or opportunity cost of what is forgone by a
limited choice) cannot bear fruition and cannot be known or
ascertained. Generally, in economics, the opportunity cost of any
option is the amount of other goods and services which could have been
obtained instead of any particular good or service. Practically, it is
the benefits foregone from an alternative.
Capitalism, does not allow for the local community to make the required
assessments of demand, to organise the demand and supply or to ensure
the supply of goods and services to the local community. Democracy is
lost in such circumstances. To grant economic democracy, supply has to
be through local/regional consumer cooperatives and other cooperative
structures for commodities or factors of production. It is essential
that money be circulated within the local markets and that local
capital is not extracted at the whims of global financiers who have no
regard to local needs but only to profiteering for themselves or
wealthy clients. For the demand function to operate properly in the
local economy people's income will have an upward trend for the local
people and not be stifled by income going to outside multinational
corporations to lift their global profits. Purchasing power is only
capable of continuously increase for all people under a system of
economic democracy involving local decision-making, local planning and
local cooperative structures and ownership through which to carry out
commercial activity. No economic system in the world has been able to
continuously increase the purchasing power of the people, because
economic power is concentrated in the hands of a few.
If you are deciding how best to spend your weekly income, then that is
a private choice. If the government is deciding how best to raise taxes
and to support the management of national parks, then that is a public
choice. However, we know that individual businesses and private
operators may do things which spill over and hurt the public at large.
When colonisers of last century and early this century hunted wildlife
to extinction, they were making private choices which affected all the
people or the public of the area or country, and the opportunity of
placing value on seeing rare wildlife in its natural habitat or
retaining wildlife, even if only for its existential value was lost,
and this affected the public interest. For this reason governments had
to intervene. This is just one example, but there are many instances
where it is necessary to have some government intervention so that
externalities (eg external social costs or diseconomies that damage
other people or the environment and which are not paid for or remedied
by those carrying on the activity) do not arise or are properly dealt
with.
Much of what goes on now in terms of policy and law to solve this tends
to be reactive. No proper system has been put in place to inherently
thwart private choices taking precedence over public or collective
good. Rather society is demarcated into the private sector and public
sector and in some instances the two are at odds with each other, or
business and capitalist interests feels it has to contend with, or out
manoeuvre, public regulators. Furthermore, even the private sector is
demarcated into the owners of capital or enterprise and the workers
(whether manual or intellectual) who have little say in their workplace
roles (particularly when it comes to economic, social and cultural
matters).
If the key industry enterprise does make a profit this can always be
given back as a rebate or discount to consumers. Through proper
accounting and insurance arrangement (eg for disasters) it would be
unlikely that the key industry should have to radically raise prices in
case of unforeseen events. The type of electricity outages and
shortfalls as seen in California recently should not arise in a
publicly managed enterprise as everyone has a public interest in the
enterprise, so that there is greatly accountability and vigilance. It
is only when capitalists treat these enterprises as their own for
profit's sake, and create artificial shortages, that decisions against
that public interest are likely to arise.