Drugs and their Antidotes 1. Acetaminophen - Acetylcycteine 2. Benzodiazepine - Flumazenil 3. Coumadin - Vitamin K 4. Curare - Tensilon 5.

Cyanide poisoning - Methylene Blue 6. Digitalis - Digibind 7. Ethylene poisoning - Antizol 8. Heparin - Protamine Sulfate 9. Iron - Desferal 10. Lead - Edetate Disodium (EDTA), Dimercaprol (BAL), Succimer (CHEMET) 11. Lovenox - Protamin Sulfate 12. Magnesium sulfate - Calcium Gluconate 13. Morphine sulfate - Naloxone Hydrochloride 14. Methotrexate - Leucovorine 15. Mestinon - Atropine Sulfate 16. Neostigmine - Pralidoxime Chloride (PAM) 17. Penicillin - Epinephrine 18. Vincristine (Oncovin) Hyaluronidase,also apply moderate heat to disperse drug and minimize sloughing. (Oncovin IV administration only)

POISON ANTIDOTES ARSENIC ------------------------------------------------------ DIMERCAPROL, SUCCIMER BARBITURATES (Phenobarbital)------------------------ Urine alkalinization, dialysis, activated charcoal BETA-BLOCKERS--------------------------------------------- GLUCAGON Caffeine, Metaproterenol, Theophylline------------- ESMOLOL CARBON MONOXIDE -------------------------------------- 100% Oxygen, HYPERBARIC O2 CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS---------------------------- ATROPINE CYANIDE-------------------------------------------------------- NITRITE, SODIUM THIOSULFATE ETHYLENE GLYCOL --------------------------------------------ETHANOL GOLD ------------------------------------------------------------DIMERCAPROL HEPARIN --------------------------------------------------------PROTAMINE SULFATE IRON SALTS -----------------------------------------------------DEFEROXAMINE ISONIAZID------------------------------------------------------- VITAMIN B6 LEAD --------------------------------------------------------- CaEDTA, Dimecaprol, Succimer METHANOL ------------------------------------------------- Ethanol, Fomepizole, Dialysis METHEMOGLOBIN/CYANIDE POISONING----------- METHYLENE BLUE MUSCARINIC RECEPTOR BLOCKERS ------------------ PHYSOSTIGMINE OPIOIDS ---------------------------------------------------------- NALOXONE Organophosphate Cholinesterase Inhibitors --------- PRALIDOXIME PHENCYCLIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE (PCP) ----------------- NG SUCTION QUINIDINE, TCAs ----------------------------------------------- SODIUM BICARBONATE SALICYLATES ----------------------------------------------------- Urine Alkalinization,Dialysis, Activated Charcoal SNAKE BITES ------------------------------------------------------ ANTIVENIN Tissue Plasmogen Activator (tPA), Streptokinase------ Aminocaproic Acid Warfarin ---------------------------------------------------Vitamin K, FFP

THERAPEUTIC DIET A. Clear Liquids 1. Purposeto provide hydration to a post-op patient2. Foods Allowedtea, coffee, fat-free broth, bouillon, fruit ices, popsicles, gelatin, soda3. Foods Not Allowedmilk products, fruit juices with pulp B. Full Liquid 1. Purposeafter a post-op patient tolerates clear liquids, this is often ordered.2. Foods Allowedall foods that are liquid or are liquid at room temperature3. Foods Not Allowednuts, beans, solid food C. Soft Diet 1. Purposefor post-op patients after full liquid or for patients with infections or GI problems2. Foods Allowed all foods that are soft, tender, minced, stewed, or creamed3. Foods Not Allowedcoarse or whole grain breads, meats, sharp cheeses, dried fruits and nuts D. Bland Diet 1. Purposeto eliminate irritating foods to allow the stomach lining to heal (ulcer patients)2. Foods Allowed milk, custards, white bread, cooked cereals, creamed or pureed soups, baked or broiled potatoes3. Foods Not Allowedstrongly flavored and highly seasoned foods, coffee, tea, citrus fruits, raw fruits andvegetables, whole grains, very hot or cold beverages E. Low-Residue Diet 1. Purposeto reduce fiber for patients with Crohns disease, colon or rectal surgery, esophagitis, diarrhea.2. Foods Allowedclear fluids, sugar, salt, meats, fats, eggs, some milk, refined cereals and white breads, peeledwhite potatoes3. Foods Not Allowedcheeses, fried foods, highly seasoned foods, and high fiber foods F. High-Fiber Diet 1. Purposeto provide bulk in the stool and bring water into the colon for patients with constipation or diverticulitis2. Foods Allowedraw fruits and vegetables, whole grains3. Foods Not Allowedminimize low fiber foods G. Sodium Restricted 1. Purposefor patients with kidney, cardiovascular disease or hypertension to control the retention of sodiumand water and thus lower blood pressure2. Foods Allowednatural foods without salt, milk, and meat in limited quantities3. Foods Not Allowedcanned prepared foods, table salt, most prepared seasonings not labeled low sodium H. Gluten-Free Diet 1. Purposeeliminates gluten, a protein found in wheat products. These are used for patients with malabsorptionsyndromes such as celiac disease.2. Foods Allowedrice, corn, soy flour, fruits, vegetables, meat, eggs, milk 3. Foods Not Allowedall wheat, rye, barley, oats: many prepared foods such as creamed sauces or breadedfoods (may contain thickeners and fillers) I. Lactose-Free Diet 1. Purposeto reduce or eliminate foods with lactose, for patients who cannot metabolize it2. Foods Allowed most meats, fruits and vegetables, cereals and grains3. Foods Not Allowedfoods containing lactose, such as milk, cheese and ice cream J. Low-Cholesterol 1. Purposeto reduce the intake of cholesterol in order to lower blood cholesterol levels2. Foods Allowed fruits, vegetables, lean meats and fish, poultry without skin, skim milk 3. Foods Not Allowedorgan meats, egg yolks, shrimp, beef, lamb, pork K. Low-Purine Diet 1. Purposeto reduce the amount of purine, which is a precursor of uric acid, in the diet. It is used with patientswho have gout or uric acid kidney stones.2. Foods Allowedmost vegetables (except cauliflower), spinach, asparagus, peas, fruit juices, cereals, eggs,cottage cheese3. Foods Not Allowedorgan meats, fish, poultry, lentils, dried peas, nuts beans, oatmeal, whole wheat.