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COLOR TEXTURE
INTERMEDIATE COLORED
GRANITE:
Can see crystals. Usually gray or pink. Can see quartz - gray, glassy grains. Can see feldspar pink, buff, or white.
DIORITE:
GABBRO:
PERIDOTITE:
Composed of 90Ca n s e e c r y s t a ls wi t h Can see crystals lots of somewhat more light colored flat shiny cleavage surfaces. 100% olivine feldspar grains than dark colored minerals. A mix of light Usually black to greenish PYROXENITE: and dark but with no quartz. Salt black. Composed of pre& pepper appearance. dominately pyroxene
FINERHYOLITE: ANDESITE: GRAINED Usually gray, pink, Light to dark gray. pastel. Might see small small black crystals (You can NOT clear, rectangular crystals. see crystals, for Sometimes banded. the most part) GLASSY
BASALT:
Normally has
Usually black or rust red. Composed of preMay have some or lots of dominately amphiboles gas bubble holes, some (such as hornblende) holes may be filled. May see small green grains.
AMPHIBOLITE:
Black, red, green, GLASS Usually pearly gray. May contain Apache Tears. LOTS of gas bubble holes, very lightweight, will float on water. Abrasive.
TUFF: Compacted volcanic fragments generally less than 4mm diameter (ash) VOLCANIC BRECCIA: Mixed tuff and angular large (>32mm diameter) fragments AGGLOMERATE: Mixed ash and rounded/sub-rounded large (>32mm diameter) fragments
BRECCIA: Composed of large angular pieces and clay CONGLOMERATE: Composed of large rounded pieces and
clay
SHALE: Has very thin layers; often black. May have fossils
usually impressions (no shell, but indentation with pattern of shell) or carbonized film (as for plants). Has a dull luster. Is soft. When tapped with a rod or on a table, it generally makes a dull thunk.
GYPSUM:
White, gray, clear Very soft you can scratch with fingernail Clear sheets, fibrous or sugary Soft you can scratch it with fingernail Tastes like table salt (IT IS TABLE SALT!)
COAL:
Black; Brittle; Lightweight May contain plant fossils Varieties: peat, lignite (incl. jet), sub-bituminous, bituminous White Very soft (comes off on your hands) Lightweight Will NOT fizz in HCl acid (unlike chalk)
DIATOMITE: