Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SARVESH CHANDRA Professor Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur KANPUR, 208016 India email: sarv@iitk.ac.in
INTRODUCTION
What is Rock Mechanics? Rock mechanics is a discipline that uses the principles of mechanics to describe the behaviour of rock of engineering scale.
Era
Period
Quaternary
Epoch
Cenozoic Tertiary
Cretaceous Mesozoic Jurassic Triassic Permian Carboniferous Paleozoic Devonian Silurian Ordovician Cambrian Precambrian Pennsylvanian Mississippian
Greenland
Earth Beginning
Excavation
Foundations
May need to Unsuitable save and re-use Scrape Scrape NB corestones Rip Blast Assess by soil testing Variable and unreliable Good for most small structures Good for anything except large dams Sound
Blast
Metaphorphic
Igneous Types
Extrusive
Carbonate
Limestone Conglomerate
Gneiss
Marble
Pegmatite Granite
Volcanic Breccia
Medium
Sandstone Siltsone
Limestone Chalk
Schist Phyllite
Quartzite
Diorite Diabase
Tuff
Fine
Shale Mudstone
Calcareous Mudstone
Slate
Amphibolite
Rhyotite
Basalt Obsidian
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
Porosity, n
Ranges for some Common Rock Material Schist, Silt stone Term Kg/cm2 VW-W, Sand Very Weak- VW < 70 Stone, Lime stone Weak- W 70-200 VW-M,Granite, Medium Strong-MS 200-700 Basalt, Gneiss, Strong- S 700-1400 Quartzite, Marble MS-VS Very Strong- VS > 1400 |
Rotary coring
soil or rock >100m deep core recovery
Rock probing
rotary percussion rig soil or rock no core recovery
Shell
Rotary rig
Core bit
Core drilling
Rock core
How to correlate the properties of rock studied in the laboratory with in-situ properties? What in-situ test methods will provide actual insitu conditions and properties of rock? What design parameters are to be used for rock slope design? How to stabilize slopes and underground openings?