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All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. SNOA600A May 2004 Revised May 2004 Submit Documentation Feedback
Copyright 2004, Texas Instruments Incorporated
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Use TO-5 heat sinks on transistors All capacitor values in F unless otherwise noted
Figure 1.
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Figure 2.
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Figure 3.
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Voltage-Current Booster
Figure 4.
Voltage-Current Booster
In many applications it is desirable to obtain voltage gain from a booster stage. Most monolithic amplifiers will only swing 12V, although some types, such as the LM143, can swing 35V. The circuit of Figure 5 shows a simple way to effectively double the voltage swing across a load by stacking or bridging amplifier outputs. In the circuit shown, LF0002 current amplifiers are included in each LF412 output to provide current drive capability. Because one amplifier inverts and the other does not, the load sees 24V across it for 12V swings from each amplifier. With the LH0002 current buffers, 24V can be placed across a 250 load. Although this circuit is simple and no high voltage supplies are needed, it requires that the load float with respect to ground.
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Figure 5.
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Figure 6.
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Figure 7.
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Adjust 10k pot for 25 mA zero signal current through the 0.22 resistors * High frequency ground ** Input Ground Note: All grounds should be tied together only at power supply ground. 5.0 C/W heat sink on BD348 and BD349 3.0 C/W heat sink on BD360 and BD361
1000V-300 mA Booster
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Phase ShiftLess than 8 20-20 kHz Power Output75 watts RMS 16 Hz-60 kHz Output ImpedanceLess than 10% of rated output load Z. Frequency Response10 Hz-100 kHz-1 dB. 16 Hz-40 kHz-0.1 dB. 16 Hz-60 kHz-0.5 dB.
Figure 9.
1000V-300 mA Booster
Figure 10 diagrams a very high voltage, high current booster which will allow an op amp to control up to 300W for positive outputs up to a staggering 1000V. This performance is achieved without sacrificing efficiency because this booster, in contrast to all the others shown, operates in a switching mode. In addition, this booster runs off 15V supplies and has the highly desirable property of not requiring a high voltage power supply to achieve its high potential outputs. The high voltage required for the output is directly generated by a switching DC-DC converter which forms an integral part of the booster. The LM3524 switching regulator chip is used to pulse width modulate the transistors which provide switched 20 kHz drive to the TY-85 step-up transformer. The transformer's rectified and filtered output is fed back to the LF411, which controls the input to the LM3524 switching regulator. In this manner, the high voltage booster, although operating switched mode, is controlled by the op amp's feedback action in a similar fashion to all the other designs. Q5 and the diode act as clamps to prevent the LF411's output swing from damaging the LM3524's 4V input on start-up. The diode at the LF411 swing junction prevents high voltage transients coupled through the feedback capacitor from destroying the amplifier. The 1 M-10k feedback resistors set the gain of the amplifier at 100 so that a 10V input will give a 1000V output. Although the 20 kHz torroid switching rate places an upper limit on how fast information can be transmitted around the loop, the 1 F filter capacitor at the circuit output restricts the bandwidth. For the design shown, full power sine wave output frequency is 55H. Figure 11 shows the response of the boosted LF411 when a 10V pulse (Trace A) is applied to the circuit input. The output (Trace B) goes to 1000V in about 1 ms, while fall time is about 10 ms because of capacitor discharge time. During the output pulse's rise time the booster is slew rate limited and the switching action of the torroid is just visible in the leading edge of the pulse. The reader is advised that the construction, testing and use of this circuit must be approached with the greatest care. The output potentials produced are many times above the level which will kill. Repeating, the output of this circuit is lethal.
10
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1000V-300 mA Booster
11
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Figure 11.
12
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Figure 12.
13
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Figure 13. Table 1 summarizes the information in this article and will help you to pick the right booster for your particular application. Table 1. Booster Comparisons
Figure 1 No Voltage Gain Current Gain Yes200 mA Bandwidth Depends on op amp. Typical 1 MHz 3 No Yes200 mA Full output to 5 MHz-3dB. Point at 11 MHz. 5 6 Yes24V swing Yes100V No Yes50 mA Depends on op amp. 50 kHz typical. Full + and output swing. Allows inverting or non-inverting operation. Simplified version ideal for CRT deflection plate driving. More complex version drives full 200V swing into 2 k and 1000 pF. 8 9 Yes30V Yes70V swing Yes3A Yes3A 50 kHz 100 kHz Full + and output swing. Allows inverting or non-inverting operation. Output extremely rugged. Well suited for driving difficult loads in lab. Set-ups. Full bipolar output. AC only. 10 Yes1000V Yes300 mA 50 Hz High voltage at high current. Switched mode operation allows operation from 15V supplies 14 AN-272 Op Amp Booster Designs
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Comments Full + and output swing. Stable into 50-10,000 pF load. Inverting or non-inverting operation. Simple. Ultra fast. 750V/s. Full bipolar output. Inverting operation only.
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