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10-7 Geometric Sequences

(Pages 567572)

A sequence of numbers such as 2, 4, 8, 16, 32,... forms a geometric sequence. Each number in a geometric sequence increases or decreases by a common factor r, called the common ratio.
Geometric Sequence Calculating the n th term A geometric sequence can be written in the form of a, ar, ar 2, ar 3, ar 4,... where r or 1. The n th term of a geometric series with initial term a1 and common ratio r is calculated by an a1 r n 1. 0

Examples
a. Determine if the sequence is geometric.
1, 3, 9, 27,...
27 3 9

b. Find the 12th term of the sequence 4, 16, 64, 256,....

an a1 r n1 Formula for the nth term. Find the common ratio. Substitute. Simplify. Multiply. Multiply.
16 4 4

Find the common ratio. Test for each element.

(1)(3), 3(3)

Yes, the sequence is geometric.

a12 4 4121 a12 4 411 a12 4 4,194,304 a12 16,777,216

Practice
Find the next three terms in each sequence.
1 1 1 1 1. , 1, 4, 13,... 2 2 2 2

2. 2, 15, 112.5, 843.75,... 3. 1, 6, 36, 216,... 5. 64, 48, 36, 27,... 6. 2, 22, 242, 2662,...

4. 56, 28, 14, 7,...

7. Find the 10th term of the geometric sequence whose first term is 3 and common ratio is 2. 8. Find the 9th term of 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.125,....
1 9. A geometric sequence begins with 5 and has a common ratio of . 4 What is the sequences 4th term?

10. Standardized Test Practice The 15th term of a geometric sequence is 32,768. Which choice shows the possible first term and the possible common ratio? A 2, 2 B 4, 3 C 15, 4

D 8, 4

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill

81

1 1 1 Answers: 1. 40 , 121, 364

5. 20.25, 15.1875, 11.390625 6. 29282, 322102, 3543122 7. 1536 8. 0.09765625 9. 0.078125 10. A

Glencoe Algebra 1

2. 6328.125, 47460.9375, 355957.03125 3. 1296,7776,46656 4. 3.5, 1.75, 0.875

Kuta Software - Infinite Algebra 2

Name___________________________________ Date________________ Period____

Geometric Sequences
1) 1, 6, 36, 216, ...

Determine if the sequence is geometric. If it is, find the common ratio. 2) 1, 1, 4, 8, ...

3) 4, 16, 36, 64, ...

4) 3, 15, 75, 375, ...

5) 2, 4, 8, 16, ...

6) 1, 5, 25, 125, ...

Given the explicit formula for a geometric sequence find the first five terms and the 8th term. 7) an = 3 n 1 1 8) an = 2 4

()

n1

9) an = 2.5 4

n1

10) an = 4 3

n1

Given the recursive formula for a geometric sequence find the common ratio, the first five terms, and the explicit formula. 11) an = an 1 2 a1 = 2 12) an = an 1 3 a1 = 3

13) an = an 1 5 a1 = 2

14) an = an 1 3 a1 = 3

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Given the first term and the common ratio of a geometric sequence find the first five terms and the explicit formula. 15) a1 = 0.8, r = 5 16) a1 = 1, r = 2

Given the first term and the common ratio of a geometric sequence find the recursive formula and the three terms in the sequence after the last one given. 17) a1 = 4, r = 6 18) a1 = 4, r = 6

19) a1 = 2, r = 6

20) a1 = 4, r = 4

Given a term in a geometric sequence and the common ratio find the first five terms, the explicit formula, and the recursive formula. 21) a4 = 25, r = 5 22) a1 = 4, r = 5

Given two terms in a geometric sequence find the 8th term and the recursive formula. 23) a4 = 12 and a5 = 6 24) a5 = 768 and a2 = 12

25) a1 = 2 and a5 = 512

26) a5 = 3888 and a3 = 108

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Worksheet 8.6: Geometric Sequences

Find the common ratio of each sequence. 1. 2, 8, 32, 128, . . . 2. -3, -12, -48, -192, . . .

3. -80, 20, -5, 1.25, . . .

4. 0.45, 0.9, 1.8, 3.6

Find the next three terms of each sequence. 5. 3, 6, 12, 24, . . . 6. 225, 45, 9, 1.8, . . .

Determine whether each sequence is arithmetic or geometric. 7. 2, 14, 98, 686, . . . 8. 12, 8, 4, 0, . . .

Find the first, fourth, and eighth terms of each sequence. 9. A(n) = -5 3n - 1 10. A(n) = 5 H- 3Ln - 1

Worksheet8.6.nb

Write a rule and find the given term in each geometric sequence described below. 11. What is the tenth term when the first term is -6 and the common ratio is 2?

12. What is the seventh term when the first term is 1 and the common ratio is -4?

Find the next three terms of each sequence. Then write a rule for each sequence. 13. 216, 72, 24, 8, . . . 14. 0.1, 0.9, 8.1, 72.9, . . .

Kuta Software - Infinite Algebra 2

Name___________________________________ Date________________ Period____

Geometric Sequences
1) 1, 6, 36, 216, ... r = 6

Determine if the sequence is geometric. If it is, find the common ratio. 2) 1, 1, 4, 8, ... Not geometric

3) 4, 16, 36, 64, ... Not geometric

4) 3, 15, 75, 375, ... r=5

5) 2, 4, 8, 16, ... r=2

6) 1, 5, 25, 125, ... r = 5

Given the explicit formula for a geometric sequence find the first five terms and the 8th term. 7) an = 3 n 1 First Five Terms: 1, 3, 9, 27, 81 a8 = 2187 1 8) an = 2 4

()

n1

First Five Terms: 2, a8 = 1 8192

n1

1 1 1 1 , , , 2 8 32 128

9) an = 2.5 4

n1

10) an = 4 3

First Five Terms: 2.5, 10, 40, 160, 640 a8 = 40960

First Five Terms: 4, 12, 36, 108, 324 a8 = 8748

Given the recursive formula for a geometric sequence find the common ratio, the first five terms, and the explicit formula. 11) an = an 1 2 a1 = 2 Common Ratio: r = 2 First Five Terms: 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 n1 Explicit: an = 2 2 13) an = an 1 5 a1 = 2 Common Ratio: r = 5 First Five Terms: 2, 10, 50, 250, 1250 Explicit: an = 2 5 n 1 12) an = an 1 3 a1 = 3 Common Ratio: r = 3 First Five Terms: 3, 9, 27, 81, 243 Explicit: an = 3 (3) n 1 14) an = an 1 3 a1 = 3 Common Ratio: r = 3 First Five Terms: 3, 9, 27, 81, 243 Explicit: an = 3 3 n 1

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Given the first term and the common ratio of a geometric sequence find the first five terms and the explicit formula. 15) a1 = 0.8, r = 5 First Five Terms: 0.8, 4, 20, 100, 500 n1 Explicit: an = 0.8 (5) 16) a1 = 1, r = 2 First Five Terms: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 n1 Explicit: an = 2

Given the first term and the common ratio of a geometric sequence find the recursive formula and the three terms in the sequence after the last one given. 17) a1 = 4, r = 6 Next 3 terms: 24, 144, 864 Recursive: an = an 1 6 a1 = 4 19) a1 = 2, r = 6 Next 3 terms: 12, 72, 432 Recursive: an = an 1 6 a1 = 2 18) a1 = 4, r = 6 Next 3 terms: 24, 144, 864 Recursive: an = an 1 6 a1 = 4 20) a1 = 4, r = 4 Next 3 terms: 16, 64, 256 Recursive: an = an 1 4 a1 = 4

Given a term in a geometric sequence and the common ratio find the first five terms, the explicit formula, and the recursive formula. 21) a4 = 25, r = 5 First Five Terms: 0.2, 1, 5, 25, 125 Explicit: an = 0.2 (5) n 1 Recursive: an = an 1 5 a1 = 0.2 22) a1 = 4, r = 5 First Five Terms: 4, 20, 100, 500, 2500 n1 Explicit: an = 4 5 Recursive: an = an 1 5 a1 = 4

Given two terms in a geometric sequence find the 8th term and the recursive formula. 23) a4 = 12 and a5 = 6 a8 = 3 4 1 2 24) a5 = 768 and a2 = 12 a8 = 49152 Recursive: an = an 1 4 a1 = 3

Recursive: an = an 1 a1 = 96

25) a1 = 2 and a5 = 512 a8 = 32768 Recursive: an = an 1 4 a1 = 2

26) a5 = 3888 and a3 = 108 a8 = 839808 Recursive: an = an 1 6 a1 = 3

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