WIBREE TECHNOLOGY

Technical Seminar Report

Submitted to M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology (Autonomous Institute Affiliated to VTU, Belgaum) in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING In TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

For the Academic Year 2012-13 Submitted By

Rohan.S.Nadagouda
1MS09TE060 Under the guidance of Internal Guide: Prof. S.G.Shivprasad Yadav
Asst. Professor Dept. of Telecommunication Engg, MSRIT, Bangalore 560 054

DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING, M.S.RAMAIAH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, (Autonomous Institute affiliated to VTU), BANGALORE 560054

April 2013

M.S.RAMAIAH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

(Autonomous Institute Affiliated to VTU) Vidya Soudha, Jnana Gangothri MSR Nagar, Bangalore- 560 054, Karnataka

Department of Telecommunication Engineering

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the Technical seminar /Project work entitled Wibree Technology carried out by Rohan.S.Nadagouda (1MS09TE060), a bonafide student of M.S.Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore, in partial fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of Engineering in Telecommunication Engineering, of the Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum during the year 2012-2013. It is certified that all corrections/suggestions indicated for Internal Assessment have been incorporated in the Report. The Seminar Report has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in respect of Seminar work prescribed for the said Degree.

Prof.S.G.Shivprasad Yadav Asst. Professor Dept of TC Engg. MSRIT

Dr. K.Natarajan. Professor and Head, Dept. of TC Engg, MSRIT

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

No work is complete without due recognition being given to persons who made it possible. My project is no exception. I would like to place on record, profound gratitude for those who have mattered the most in the successful completion of the project. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Prof. S.G.Shivprasad Yadav the internal guide for their constant encouragement, continuous feedback and sparing their valuable time for discussion.

I am grateful to Dr.K.Natarajan, Prof. and Head, Dept of Telecommunication Engineering for his moral support given at various stages.

I wish to express my gratitude to the BTech project coordinator K.R Shobha. I also wish to express my sincere thanks to our principal Dr. S Y Kulkarni for his inspiration and support at various stages of the project. Last but not the least I would like to thank our staff members, all those who have helped me in the completion of the project.

Rohan.S.Nadagouda - 1MS09TE060

ABSTRACT

Now a day the wireless technologies are more in use and are widely evolving. Some of the technologies now in use are Wi-Fi, Wi-max, Zigbee, and Bluetooth. Out of which Bluetooth is most popular. These technologies are widely used to connect the large devices like mobile phones or personal computers. No other existing wireless technologies will connect with small button cell battery devices so effectively. So the Nokia introduced the new radio technology called Wibree Technology.

Wibree is the first open technology offering connectivity between mobile devices or personal computers, and small, button cell battery power devices such as watches, wireless keyboards, toys and sports & health care sensors. Wibree is a short range, wireless technology featuring ultra-low power consumption, a lightweight protocol stack.

Wibree is intended to compliment Bluetooth communications in certain PAN applications where small, lightweight design makes standard Bluetooth communication unsuitable or difficult. For instance, Bluetooth-enabled wristwatches require relatively large transmitters and batteries, making the devices heavy and uncomfortable. Wibree-enabled wristwatches can use smaller transmitters and smaller batteries, increasing user comfort and reducing fatigue while extending battery life.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION:..............................................................................................6 1.1 History:...........................................................................................6 1.2 What is Wibree?.............................................................................7 1.3 How does Wibree works?..............................................................8 2. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION:.......................................................................8 3. WIBREE IMPLEMENTATION:.......................................................................11 3.1 Wibree Single mode implementation:..........................................11 3.2 Wibree-Bluetooth Dual mode implementation: ..........................11 4. WIBREE, ZIGBEE AND BLUETOOTH:........................................................12 4.1 Detailed Technology Comparison:..............................................13 4.2 Difference between Wibree and Bluetooth:.................................15 4.3 Difference between Wibree and Zigbee:......................................16 5. WIBREE APPLICATIONS:..............................................................................16 6. ADVANTAGES:...............................................................................................17 7. COMPANIES USING WIBREE TECHNOLOGY...........................................18 8. FUTURE WITH WIBREE:...............................................................................19 9. CONCLUSION:.................................................................................................20 REFERENCES ......................................................................................................21

1. INTRODUCTION:
Wibree is a new radio technology developed by Nokia. It consumes only a fraction of the power compared to other such radio technologies, enabling smaller and less costly implementations and it is easy to integrate with Bluetooth solutions. In 2001, Nokia researchers determined that there were various scenarios that contemporary wireless technologies did not address. To address the problem, Nokia Research Centre started the development of a wireless technology adapted from the Bluetooth standard which would provide lower power usage and price while minimizing difference between Bluetooth and the new technology. The results were published in 2004 using the name Bluetooth Low End Extension. After further development with partners, e.g., within EUFP6 project MIMOSA, the technology was released to public in October 2006 with brand name Wibree. After negotiations with Bluetooth SIG members, in June 2007, an agreement was reached to include Wibree in future Bluetooth specification as a Bluetooth ultralow-power technology, now known as Bluetooth low energy technology. The associated technologies like Bluetooth can be used to transmit audio and media files, Wibree is designed to extend this network by serving applications that transmit only small amounts of data and where size and cost are priorities. Many applications that were not cost-effective using existing Bluetooth technology, such as wirelessly controlled toys, watches, medical and sports sensors, and a range of other applications that have not been conceived yet, might be developed using Wibree technology

1.1 History:
Around 2001, the Nokia Research Center was looking at options for future personal wireless networking. The company realized that there was room for developing an ultra-low power, wireless technology that could interface cost-

effectively with a large variety of existing and future devices, which, until now had not been effectively served by available existing technologies. Towards this end, Nokia decided to create a new open wireless protocol, and now, along with its

partners Broadcom Corporation, CSR, Epson, and Nordic Semiconductor, is working to bring it to market. There is an irony in the fact that the origins of Wibree were the alternative proposal for the radio and Media Access Controller (MAC) for the 802.15.4 standard, which is now the basis of ZigBee and other short range radio networks. Back in 2001 two industry groups put forward proposals for the form of this radio. Nokia headed one of the groups and proposed a development that was handset centric. A major tenet of their design was that it can be deployed with minor effort into devices already having Bluetooth, e.g. cell phones with the added requirement that a common RF section with Bluetooth must be possible. Their vision was also broader that of the competing camp in that it envisaged a world of a trillion wireless, web connected devices. Wibree would use only a fraction of the power consumed by today's Bluetooth chips, resulting in a much longer battery life and more compact devices. While Bluetooth can be used to transmit audio and media files, Wibree is designed to extend this network by serving applications that transmit only small amounts of data and where size and cost are priorities.

1.2 What is Wibree?

Wibree which is now known as Ultra Low Power (ULP) Bluetooth, or even Bluetooth low energy - is radio technology for small, button cell battery-powered devices, such as watches, wireless keyboards, and gaming and sports sensors. These objects can then connect to Bluetooth-enabled host devices, whether computers or mobile phones Potentially, it could play a part in Bluetooth becoming the de facto wireless technology for of the wireless Internet. As its name suggests the ultra-low power lower power consumption. To complete the mix of RF technologies, there is also Zigbee. This is a low-power networking technology

supporting thousands of nodes, whereas ULP Bluetooth would link a small number of nodes to a host device, such as computer or phone. Nordic Semiconductor has become one of the first members joining the Wibree open initiative and is member of the Wibree specification group. Other members include CSR, Broadcom, Epson, Suunto, and Taiyo Yuden. Specification work for Wibree is currently under way. The technology will be made broadly available to the industry through an open and preferably existing forum. The specification details a short-range RF communication technology featuring ultralow power consumption, a lightweight protocol stack and integration with Bluetooth. Wibree operates in the globally accepted 2.4 GHz ISM (Industrial, Scientific & Medical) band. Wibree, also called "Baby Bluetooth," is a low-power wireless local area network (WLAN) technology that facilitates interoperability among mobile and portable consumer devices such as pager s, personal digital assistants (PDAs), wireless computer peripherals, entertainment devices.

1.3 How does Wibree works?

Wibrees main application is to provide an ultra-low power radio within the 2.4GHz band. It gains its low power by being able to wake up, send data and return to sleep very quickly. Wibree is aiming to produce a radio that can transmit a small packet of data approximately every second for a year using a small button cell, such as a CR2430, with a capacity of around 280mAH .And it should be frequency agile to help it work in the presence of interference

2. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION:
Wibree is designed to work side-by-side with and complement Bluetooth. It operates in 2.4 GHz ISM band with physical layer bit rate of 1Mbit/s. Main applications include devices such as wrist watches, wireless keyboards, toys and sports sensors where low power consumption is a key design requirement. Wibree is not designed to replace Bluetooth, but rather to complement the technology in

supported devices. Bob Iannucci, head of Nokias Research Center, claims the technology is up to ten times more efficient than Bluetooth. Reportedly, it will have an output power around -6dBm.Respective test environment specifications to normalize and directly compare the offered alternatives are not available.

Technical Specification

Wibree -Bluetooth low energy

Radio frequency

2.4 GHz

Distance/Range

200 m (660 ft)

Over the air data rate

1 Mb/s

Application throughput

0.2 Mb/s

Security

128-bit encryption

Total time to send data

<3 ms

Government regulation

Worldwide

Network topology

Star-bus

Power consumption

0.01 to 0.5 (depending on use case)

Peak consumption

current

<15 mA (max 15 mA to run on coin cell battery)

Profile concept

Yes

Mobile phones, gaming, PCs, watches, sports and Primary use cases fitness, healthcare, automotive, home electronics, automation, Industrial, etc.

3. WIBREE IMPLEMENTATION:
There are two types of Wibree implementations Wibree stand-alone. Wibree-Bluetooth dual-mode.

3.1 Wibree Single mode implementation:

The single mode is the one that truly delivers the ultra-low power consumption by being a pure low energy implementation. While classic Bluetooth solutions typically provides battery lifetime of days to weeks on a rechargeable battery, single mode Bluetooth low energy technology implementation can provide months to years of lifetime on a standard coin cell battery. The Wibree standalone chip is designed for use with applications which require extremely low power consumption, small size, low cost and where only small quantities of data are transferred. Its an ideal solution for small devices (like heart-rate monitors) that use only short data messages and must have long battery life. Examples of devices that would benefit from the Wibree stand-alone chip are: watches, sports and wellness devices and human interface devices (HID) such as wireless keyboards.

3.2 Wibree-Bluetooth Dual mode implementation:

The dual mode combines classic and low energy Bluetooth on a single chip at a very small price delta compared to a classic Bluetooth chip. In addition the radio circuitry is also shared between the classic radio and the low energy radio. The dual mode is designed to enable fast adoption of low energy in classic Bluetooth applications like mobile phones and PC by providing a very low cost delta as well as removing the need to add another radio. Several major mobile phone vendors have indicated that they will adopt dual mode devices in their upcoming phones. The Bluetooth-Wibree dual-mode chip is designed for use in Bluetooth devices. In this type of implementation, Wibree functionality can be integrated with Bluetooth for a minor incremental cost by utilizing key Bluetooth components and the

existing Bluetooth RF. This type of implementation allows Bluetooth devices to connect to a new range of tiny battery-powered devices. Examples of devices that would benefit from the Bluetooth-Wibree dual-mode chip are mobile phones and personal computers.

4. WIBREE, ZIGBEE AND BLUETOOTH:

Bluetooth is a great technology and brand, adopted worldwide. Bluetooth is widely used in mobile devices like PCs and phones, as well as in wireless headsets. However, other products relying on button cell batteries as a source of power, e.g. watches, toys and human interface devices, are not served effectively by Bluetooth. ZigBee is a specification for a suite of high level communication protocols using small, low-power digital radios based on the IEEE 802.15.4-2003 standard for wireless personal area networks (WPANs), such as wireless headphones connecting with cell phones via short-range radio. The technology defined by the ZigBee

specification is intended to be simpler and less expensive than other WPANs, such as Bluetooth. ZigBee is targeted at radio-frequency (RF) applications that require a low data rate, long battery life, and secure networking. The ZigBee Alliance is a group of companies that maintain and publish the ZigBee standard. ZigBee is a low-cost, low-power, wireless mesh networking.

4.1 Detailed Technology Comparison:

4.2.1 Frequency Band All three technologies operate in the unlicensed 2.4 GHz spectrum, while Zigbee can also operate at reduced speeds at 915MHz and 868 MHz 4.2.2 Antenna and Hardware Wibrees adoption into the Bluetooth spec was directly related to the fact that it can coexist on BT hardware. Devices that wish to take advantage of both Bluetooth and Wibree will not need to add extra hardware; one antenna will do for both. Zigbee support, however, requires its own hardware and antenna. 4.2.3 Power and Battery Life Zigbee, designed to be a low-power alternative to Bluetooth, offers 30mW performance compared to Bluetooths 100mW. However, Dr. Bob Iannucci, Senior Vice President and Technology Advisor at Nokia, claims that Wibree is up to 10 times more energy efficient than Bluetooth, putting Wibree around 10mW. Zigbee is designed to run for six months to two years on just two AA batteries. This results from its ability to lock into a transmission time slot and sleep in between. Bluetooth, however, must stay awake for the convenience of quick response time, which results in battery life on the order of days. This led to Wibrees design goal of 1-2 years on a single battery. 4.2.4 Range Both Bluetooth and Wibree are designed to operate within a 10m range, though Bluetooth 2.1 now states a maximum range of 30m. Zigbee, being designed to enable home and industry automation, allows a maximum range of 75m.

4.2.5 Data Rate Wibree has caught up to Bluetooths original data rate at 1Mbps, while Bluetooth has proceeded to reach maximum rates of 3Mbps. Zigbee intentionally lags far behind these numbers, sacrificing data rates for power savings, and so transmits only 20-250Kbps. 4.2.6 Component Cost In 2003, when Zigbee was targeting a $2 component cost, Bluetooth support cost $5 per device. Now Bluetooth pricing has fallen to $3, while Zigbee costs $2. More importantly, integrating Wibree into an existing Bluetooth implementation adds around 20, making Wibree a much more attractive addition to Bluetoothenabled devices than Zigbee. 4.2.7 Network Topologies Bluetooth and Wibree operate primarily in ad hoc piconets, where a master device controls multiple slaves. These piconets are limited to 8 devices. Zigbee has far greater flexibility in this arena, supporting mesh and star configurations. Mesh networks offer resilience against severed connections, as Coordinator devices can reroute traffic as needed. Star configurations at the ends of the mesh allow clusters of Zigbee devices to interact with the outside world,While the mesh devices focus on data transmission. 4.2.8 Security All three technologies support state-of-the-art 128-bit encryption, and all three continue to be scrutinized for key distribution vulnerabilities and the like. 4.2.9 Time to Wake and Transmit One of Zigbees greatest strengths over Bluetooth has been its freedom to sleep often. This comes from its quick wake-from-sleep design. A Zigbee device can wake up and get a packet across a network connection in around 15 milliseconds, while a Bluetooth device would take 3 seconds. A Wibree device would presumably behave more like the Zigbee device, but this remains to be seen.

Table of Feature comparisons:

4.2 Difference between Wibree and Bluetooth:

Wibree differs from Bluetooth in several fundamental ways. 1. Recent Bluetooth specifications, notably 2.0, are designed with an emphasis on throughput, or data transfer speed. Bluetooth 2.0 devices can exceed speeds of 350kb/s under ideal conditions. This is about three times the maximum speed of planned Wibree devices, which transfer data no faster than.128 kbps. The tradeoff comes to light in terms of power, space and weight savings. Current Bluetooth- enabled wrist watches must replace their large, specialty batteries on a monthly basis. Planned Wibree models, with comparable features, can last over a year on a single standard button battery. Bluetooth uses a frequency hopping technology to avoid interference from other devices operating in the same frequency. Wibree does not use frequency hopping.

2. Bluetooth uses fixed packet length. This increases power usage as unnec essary transmission occurs. Wibree has a variable packet length and transmits only when necessary . 3. Bluetooth drains your cell phone battery as it needs quite a lot of power to remain active. Wibree aims to survive for a full year on a button sized battery. In contrast to Bluetooth, wibree goes into sleep mode when not transmitting. In sleep mode the radio will be off and will save a lot of power. Wibree devices wake up only when they want to transmit. 4. The major usage difference between wibree and Bluetooth is the traffic characteristics. Bluetooth is useful when transferring files, using the hands free etc where the volume of data that needs to to transfered is considerable. 5. Wibree is used in areas where an only short burst of data needs to be transmitted. Remotes, sensor data etc.

4.3 Difference between Wibree and Zigbee:

Wibree is a PAN (Personal Area Networking) technology Zigbee is a mesh networking technology Wibree is more power efficient Zigbee has got more range Wibrees data transfer rate is 1 Mbps Zigbee Data transfer rate is 250 Kbps Wibree has got a star topology Zigbee has got a mesh topology Wibree uses Bluetooth radio and can co-exist with Bluetooth Zigbee needs its own special radio and has got no relationship with Bluetooth.

5. WIBREE APPLICATIONS:
Sports-

Sensors in sports equipment .Example- heart rate belt Sports monitoring devices. Example Pedometer (Is a device that counts each step a person takes by detecting the motion of persons hips)

Health Care Blood pressure monitor. Illness treatment.

Home Office Mobile Phone Accessories Wireless Mouse Gaming senor Home senor and switches

Automotive Watch Altimeter Out of range services Monitoring. Example - Tire pressure monitor Alarms.

6. ADVANTAGES:
Wibree is the first wireless technology to solve the following needs in a single solution. Ultra low peak and average power consumption in both active and idle modes. Ultra low cost and small size for accessories and human interface devices (HID). Minimal cost and size addition to mobile phones and pcs. Global, intuitive and secure multi-vendor interoperability.

DISADVANTAGES:
Data transmission is very slow, i.e., only 1 megabit per second. Cannot be used in high bandwidth required applications.

7. COMPANIES USING WIBREE TECHNOLOGY

8. FUTURE WITH WIBREE:

As we are using Bluetooth headset we can go for Wibree headset as well. Consumer to Machine Application (C2M). We can use Wibree technology as the alternative for all the existing Bluetooth devices. In Wibree Plantronics headset have better voice quality than existing.

9. CONCLUSION:
Taking all of these factors together, Wibree has the potential to transform consumer devices. It will solve the technology and monitoring issues that are currently hindering the adoption of wireless healthcare services and enable a whole new generation of lifestyle, monitoring and safety products. By making the mobile handset the gateway, it brings the network operators into the equation. And they have the resources to aggregate and enable service provision. Today Wibree is a Nokia solution. However, it is being supported by the major Bluetooth chip vendors including Cambridge Silicon Radio and Broadcom. That means it will reside within the chips in almost every brand of handset. It is unlikely that other phone vendors will not take advantage of its presence, not least because it offers the network operators an additional revenue stream. Its presence will make it very difficult for any other short range, low power wireless

technology to gain traction in the handset, ensuring that Wibree is placed to own the wireless healthcare market. It may not become the accepted acronym, but Wibree will enable C2M Consumer to Machine or Consumer to Middleware applications at a price point that makes them mass market. M2M is only just beginning to deliver against its promises. Wibree may result in C2M delivering an even larger promise in a shorter timescale.

REFERENCES
[1] Mr. Devang G. Chavda, Mr. Gaurav N Mehta, Mr. Jimish K. Desai, Mr. Nitin K. Nakum, Miss Ashita A Brahmwar / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA). WIBREE Technology with Bluetooth, Vol. 2, Issue 3, , pp. 400-403,May-Jun 2012. [2] Keli, Dept. of Autom., Wuhan Univ. of Technol., Wuhan, China ,Better Power Management of Wireless Sensor Network, Intelligent Human-Machine Systems and Cybernetics, 2009. IHMSC '09. IEEE,Vol.2,pp 103 -106,Aug 2009. [3] Understanding Range a white paper from EZURiO explaining wireless range,January, 2009. [4] John Kooker.Bluetooth, ZigBee, and Wibree: A Comparison of WPAN Technologies, November 20, 2008

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