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Forces And Pressure
Pascal’s Principle
Pascalʼs Principle
When a liquid completely fills a vessel, and a pressure is applied to it at any part of its
surface, that pressure is transmitted equally throughout the whole of the enclosed liquid.
Applications
A hydraulic jack is used to lift a car
Explanation:
F F
Applied pressure, p = 1 = 1
A1 0.01
F2 F
Transmitted pressure, p = = 2 F2
A2 1 F1
Small Large
F F 0.01 m2 1 m2
By Pascalʼs principle, 2 = 1 piston piston p
1 0.01
Hence, F2 = 100 F1 p
p
A small force acting on the pedal can transmit a large force to stop the wheel.