Chapter 3

Transparency
23
Forces And Pressure

Pressure In Liquids
Liquid Pressure Increases With Depth Liquid Pressure Increases With Density

P Weighing
Q Mercury machine Water
Water
R
Higher reading Lower reading
Liquid Pressure Formula Liquid Pressure Due To Water Column
Container Volume of Surface of water
liquid, Water column
h V = Ah Pressure
Liquid
Area
Table
A

Weight of water column p: pressure of liquid

Water pressure =
Area ρ: density of liquid
mg ρVg ρ (Ah)g h: depth of liquid
p = = =
A A A A: cross-sectional area
p = ρhg g: acceleration due to gravity

Pressure Acting In Applications

All Directions
A dam holds water at high
Liquid surface
altitude to increase the water
pressure so as to supply water
Pressure or to generate electricity.

A water tank at
A point in a liquid experiences a higher level
pressure from all directions. can supply
water at greater
pressure.

A submarine has thick walls

to withstand enormous
pressure at great depth.
Water finds its own level

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