Unit 2: TOURISM

I. Structure - collocations
Hin tng mt s t thng hay xut hin bn cnh mt s t nht nh khc, hay cn gi l cp ng v (collocation) c th thy bt k ngn ng no. Ni cch khc, mt s ng t thng ch kt hp vi mt s danh t nht nh ch khng phi bt k danh t no. T ng t nh vy l cc cp danh t-tnh t; ng t-trng t; tnh t-trng t, , v d: cc t qu, c, tri, bp ngha cng gn ging nhau nhng khng phi c th dng thay th cho nhau khi ghp vi cc danh t nh: chui, cam, ng, khoai, c rt, trng, nhn, Tuy nhin, kh nng to cp t ng v ca cc ngn ng li khng ging nhau, ni cch khc, c cp t chp nhn c ting Vit nhng cp t tng chng nh tng ng li khng chp nhn c ting Anh, v ngc li. V d nu ta tra t in Vit-Anh th thc hin c th c cc ngha sau: carry out, perform, v undertake. Trong ting Vit, ng t thc hin c th kt hp vi nhiu danh t khc nhau, v d nh: thc hin chuyn ving thm, thc hin cam kt, thc hin nhim v, hoc thc hin gic m, tuy nhin mi danh t tng ng trong ting Anh li thng i vi mt ng t khc nhau, v d: pay a visit, undertake a commitment, carry out a task, hoc realize a dream, ...vv. Ngha gc trong t in ca mt s t c th thay i khi chng c dng bn cnh cc t khc nhau. V d khi dch t dry sang ting Vit, chng ta s khng gp kh khn g khi t ny c dng vi cc t nh dry clothes, dry river, dry weather , bi v trong ting Vit chng ta cng dng t kh m t qun o, dng sng, thi tit. Tuy nhin trong ting Anh, tnh t ny cn c dng vi nhiu danh t khc nh dry cow, dry wine, dry voice, dry community, dry wall, dry book, v khng th dch l kh trong ting Vit. Hy xt v d t tough trong bng di y: Ngha trong t in Cp t ting Anh tough guy tough meat tough tough soldier tough question tough journey tough enemy tough measure Hay mt v d khc, t n tng ng vi t eat trong ting Anh nhng iu khng c ngha l mi cm t c ng t n u s c dch s dng ng t eat trong ting Anh. i vi cc cm t nh n bnh, n hoa qu th khng c vn g, nhng trong khi cc cm t (collocations) nh n hi l, n ba ti, khng n lng, n Tt c th chp nhn c trong ting Vit, th trong ting Anh ng t eat li khng i vi cc danh t tng ng, v do phi s dng cc ng t khc, chng hn take bribes, have dinner, without pay, enjoy Tet. Trong nhng trng hp ny, c th s dng t nht 2 cch dch sau: gii thch bng mnh (paraphrasing and explanation) hoc s dng nhm t tng ng trong ngn ng ch (target language (TL) equivalent collocation). V d, dry wall c th dch l tng cha trt lp va ngoi - explanation hoc tng th - equivalent, ch khng nn dch l tng kh v nh vy khng ng ngha ca nguyn bn. Task 1: verb-noun collocations
Verbs Nouns

Cp t tng ng trong ting Vit

1. give 2. have 3. mak e 4. set

advice (eg: 1, 3) a belief a donation an effort

an example a target support an idea

a positive effect a good impression a contribution an announcement

a record notice an influence an opinion

Task 2 : verb-adverb collocations Dch cc cu sau ra ting Anh, ch ti cc cm t in nghing, c th s dng cc trng t gi sau: badly, sincerely, categorically, strongly, deeply, firmly, totally, thoroughly, seriously, freely 1. ng CS Vit nam lun ht sc tin tng vo thng li ca ch ngha x hi. (believe in) .. 2. Anh ta ra sc ph nhn nhng li buc ti chng li mnh. (deny) ------------------------------------------------------------3. ng ta cng khai tha nhn mc mt s sai lm trong nhim k ca mnh. (admit) .. 4. Ti ht sc ly lm tic v nhng g xy ra. (regret) ------------------------------------------------------------5. Tai nn xy ra l do anh ta hon ton b qua nhng qui tc an ton ti thiu. (ignore) . 6. ng bo vng l lt ang ht sc cn s gip ca chng ta. (need) ------------------------------------------------------------7. Chng ti ht sc tn thnh vi k hoch ny. (approve) -------------------------------------------------------------Task 3: adjective-noun Vietnamese/ English collocations Translate the following phrases into

Heavy rain/ snow/ frost Workload/ schedule/ day Lunch/ dinner Breathing/ snoring/ sigh Drinker Smoker Traffic

Sharp eyes Nose Pen Knife Tongue Distinction/ contrast Suits/ dresses Pain

Vn

nghim trng Vn vt, v vn Nan gii, nhc nhi Cp thit, cp bch C bn, ct li, chnh

i mt/ nh mt L , mt mi Trn xoe, to trn Sng/ long lanh m l Thm thung/ ham mun D tn/ hung d/ ng s T m/ soi mi Lanh li/ tinh nhanh/ gio hot V hn/ v cm

Task 4: adverb-adjective collocations Fill in the blank with a suitable adverb. (each one can be used TWICE) (in most cases, they can be translated as ht sc, v cng, rt. DEEPLY BITTERLY SERIOUSLY FULLY PERFECTLY

1. __________ wounded: b thng nghim trng 2. __________ cold: lnh but xng 3. __________ hurt/ offended: b tn thng/ xc phm gh gm 4. __________ disappointed: tht vng v cng 5. __________ ill: m nng 6. __________ aware: nhn thc r rng (y ) 7. __________ simple: cc k n gin 8. __________ developed: pht trin y (hon thin)

9. __________ moved: cm ng su sc 10. __________ normal: hon ton bnh thng

II. English-Vietnamese Translation (Hand-out) III. Vietnamese English Translation (Hand-out)