INTRODUCTION

Solid-liquid mass transfer plays an important role in some industrial operations.The dissolution may occur with or without chemical reaction.In case dissolution is accompanied by solid-liquid reaction ,it is desirable to know the enhancement in the rate of mass transfer due to simultaneous reaction and compare it with the enhancement predicted on the basis of the film and the boundary layer models.Here the system under study is dissolution of benzoic acid in aqueous NaOH solution.The dissolution of a solid in a solution accompanied with instantaneous chemical reaction can be expressed as : A + nBB => Product Where A is the solid and B is the liquid phase reactant. Assuming the reaction to be instantaneous so that Aand B dont co-exist. The mechanism of solid dissolution involves :dissolution of A in liquid followed by its reaction with species B diffusing from the bulk liquid phase at a reaction plane.If the film model is applied to this situation, the enhancement factor, defined as the ratio of the solid liquid mass transfer coefficient with reaction kr to the mass transfer coefficient without reaction k given by

And for boundary layer model it is :

OBJECTIVE :
1. To Study the dissolution of benzoic acid in aqueous NaOH solution. 2. To Compare the observed enhancement factor for mass transfer with those predicted by film and boundary layer model. 3. Mass transfer with chemical reaction (solid - liquid system) : Dissolution of benzoic acid in aqueous NaOH solution.

SETUP DESCRIPTION
The setup consists of a cylinder of benzoic acid mounted on a SS rod and with a D.C. motor. The operational range of rotation is between 10 to 30 rpm. The cylinder is immersed in an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide of known concentration in a 500 ml vessel filled to two-third its capacity. The position of the benzoic cylinder is so adjusted that the liquid level rises above the top surface by about the top surface by about 3 cm. The dimensions of the benzoic acid may be fixed at diameter 2 or 3 cm,length 5 to 7 cm. the cylinder can be prepared by pouring molten benzoic acid in the mould of desired dimensions with 4 to 5 mm SS rod located in the center of the mould in a vertical position .

PROCEDURE
1. Record the dimensions of the benzoic acid cylinder(o.d.,length and od of ss rod) and then fix it in a vertical position with the d.c motor. 2. Fill the vessel with aqueous naoh solution of known concentration upto 2/3rd of its volume.record the volume of aqueous NaOH solution added (v). 3. Start the water bath and fix the dissolution temperature,ambient upto 50 degree Celsius . 4. Fix the benzoic acid cylinder inside the vessel containing aqueous NaOH solution and start the motor at a fixed rortional speed N rpm. 5. Run the experiment for 10 minutes. 6. Stop the motor and remove benzoic acid cylinder and measure its dimensions again. 7. Mix thoroughly the contents of the vessel and analyse it for unreacted NaOH concentration by titration against standard HCl solution. 8. Measure the benzoic acid cylinder dimensions again. 9. Repeat steps 1 to 8 for different concentrations of aqueous NaOH solutions. 10. Repeat steps 1 to 8 using de-ionised water. This run may be carried for about 45 to 60 minutes duration. During this period small samples should be withdrawn at regular intervals of 10 minutes and analyzed for dissolved benzoic acid by titration against 0.02kmol/m3 NaOH solution.

11.CALCULATIONS

12. CASE 1: TO FIND THE ENHANCEMENT FACTOR WHEN BENZOIC ACID IS DISSOLVED IN 1.5 L of 0.5N NaOH FOR A DURATION OF 10 MINUTES . 13. BEFORE EXPERIMENT 14. Outer diameter of the benzoic acid cylinder = 3.4 cm 15. Length of the benzoic acid cylinder = 4.9 cm 16. AFTER EXPERIMENT 17. Outer diameter of the benzoic acid cylinder = 2.75 cm 18. Length of the benzoic acid cylinder = 4.01 cm 19. Normality of HCL used for titration (N1) = 0.5 N 20. Volume of 0.5 N HCL used (V1) = 9.4 ml 21. Volume of NaOH taken (V2) = 10 ml 22. Let the normality of unused NaOH in dissolution be N2 23. N1V1 = N2V2 24. N2 =N1V1 /V2 25. =0.47 N

26. The concentration of unused NaOH = 0.47 N 27. The rate of dissolution of benzoic acid = R 28. R = N2*Volume of NaOH soln in tank 29. =1.175 *10^(-6) kmol/sec 30. Let the average dimensions of benzoic acid cylinder be 31. Dav = (3.4 + 2.75 )/2 32. = 3.075 cm 33. Lav = (4.9 + 4.01)/2 34. = 4.455 cm 35. Let S.S rod diameter d = 0.78 cm 36. Average surface area (AS)

37. 39. Specific rate of dissolution R'

38. = 56.9*10(-4) m2

40. 41. = 2.1* 10(-4) kmol/m2 - sec