Siemens Transformers

Power Transformers Nuremberg

HVDC Transformer Technology for Voltages 800 kV Recent Projects and Future Trends

Dr. Mario Schenk Frank Trautmann Transformer Factory Nuremberg, Germany

Copyright Siemens AG 2006. All Siemens rights reserved. AG 2010 Energy Sector

Agenda

Introduction System and Transformer Design 800 kV HVDC Dielectric Stress and Insulation Design Projects, Developments and Trends

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Introduction
China Project Overview

1. Hami C. China 800 kV, 6400 MW, 2018 2. Xijaba Shanghai 800 kV, 6400 MW, 2011
Heilongjiang

13. Humeng Tianjiang 800 kV, 6400 MW, 2016 14. Hulunbeir Shenyang 3000 MW, 2009 15. BtB NE-North (Gaoling) 1500 MW, 2007 16. Humeng Jinan (Shandong) 800 kV, 6300 MW, 2015 17. North Shaanxi Shandong 3000 MW, 2011 18. BtB Shandong East 1200 MW, 2011 19. BtB North Central 1000 MW, 2012 20. Goupitan Guangdong 3000 MW, 2016 21. Ningxia Tianjing 3000 MW, 2010 22. NW Sichuan 3000 MW, 2010 23. Irkutsk (Russia) Beijing 800 kV, 6400 MW, 2015

23 13
Xinjiang Inrfar Mongolia Gansu Beijing

12
Jilin

3. Xiluodu Hanzhou 800 kV, 6400 MW, 2015 4. Xiluodu Hunan 800 kV, 6300 MW, 2013 5. Jinsha River II East China 800 kV, 6400 MW, 2016 6. Jingping East China 800 kV, 7200 MW, 2012 7. Jinsha River II East China 800 kV, 6400 MW, 2019

14 16 15
Tianjin Liaoning

1
Ningxia Qinghai

21 17
Shanxi

Hebei

16
Shandong

19 22
Shaanxi Henan

18
Jiangsu Anhuj

2
Xizang Sichuan & Chongqing Hubai

Shanghai

8. Jinsha River II Fujian 800 kV, 6400 MW, 2018 9. Nuozhadu Guangdong 800 kV, 5000 MW, 2015 10. Jinghong Thailand 3000 MW, 2013

4
Guizhou

3
Hunan

Jiangxi

Zheijang

7 8 11 20

6
Fujian Taiwan Guangdong

Yunnan

11. Yunnan Guangdong 800 kV, 5000 MW, 2009 12. Humeng Liaoning 800 kV, 6400 MW, 2018

Guangxi

10
Bangkok Hainan

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Introduction
HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current) Transmission is more efficient for Long Distances (>600km) or Cable Links (>50km) than HVAC (HV Alternating Current)

AC

DC
AC line cost HVDC line cost

HVDC is efficient for: - Overhead lines (>1000MW, >600km) - Cable Links (about 50km, for >80km or different frequencies the only technical solution) Advantages of HVDC: - Low Line Cost, but Converter Cost - No capacitive charging currents less losses and CO2 emissions - Firewall function for grids - Load flow regulation (HVDC Plus) - Connection for different frequencies - High Transmission Power density (usage of less land or space) - Offshore connections for wind parks or oil rigs (substitution of CO2 emissions from diesel generators)

[$]

cost benefit AC transmission

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cost benefit DC transmission

[miles]

Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Introduction
HVDC at 800 kV for economical, long-distance electricity transfer

= HVDC 800 kV

Very high power capacity (5,000 MW and higher) of a single system 25% lower transmission cost compared to 500 kV HVDC Smaller footprint and lower overhead transmission line costs as only one bipole is needed

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Introduction
800 kV DC Overhead Line Towers

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Introduction
Clear economical advantage of an 800 kV HVDC solution

Total transmission cost (5,000 MW over 1,400 km; 30 year lifetime) 100 % 83 % 64 %
Losses Line costs Station costs

AC 765 kV

DC 500 kV

DC 800 kV

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System Design
Comparison of schematics of 500 kV and 800 kV HVDC systems

500kV HVDC
single phase 3 winding transformers single phase 2 winding transformers

or

800 kV single phase 2 winding transformer

800kV HVDC
+200 kV +200 kV +800 kV +200 kV +200 kV -200 kV -200 kV

+250 kV +500 kV +250 kV

-250 kV -500 kV -250 kV

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System Design
Insulation Coordination - Insulation Levels BIL / SIL: 1800 kV / 1600 kV BIL / SIL: 1900 kV / 1600 kV

BIL / SIL: 1175 kV / 950 kV BIL / SIL: 1550 kV / 1300 kV BIL / SIL: 1300 kV / 1050 kV

BIL / SIL: 450 kV / 325 kV

BIL / SIL: 950 kV / 750 kV

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Receiving Station Yunnan - Guangdong

- 800 k V DC

+ 400

- 400

kV D

k V DC

+ 80

0 kV

DC

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Transformer Design
Typical Winding Arrangements

Valve Winding inside

Upper Yoke 2.1 1.1

Valve Winding outside

Upper Yoke 1.1 2.1

Return limb / window

2.2

1.3 Lower Yoke

1.3 Lower Yoke

2.2

Insulating system is to design both for AC and DC

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Insulating system is to design only for AC

Insulating system is to design only for AC

Insulating system is to design both for AC and DC

Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Return limb / window

Valve Winding

HV Winding

HV Winding

Valve Winding

Core

Core

Tap

Tap

Dielectric Stress and Insulation Design

Dielectric Tests (Test Voltages) for AC Transformers

AC Voltage
1.0 Spannung voltage U(t)/0 0.5 0 -0.5 -1.0 0
Spannung voltage U(t)/
0

Switching Impulse
1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 Zeit t time 3.0 ms 4.0

10

20

Zeit t time

30

ms

50

Lightning Impulse (Full Wave)

1.0
0

Lightning Impulse (Chopped Wave)

1.0 Spannung voltage U(t)/0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0 1 2 3 4 Zeit t time 5 6 s 8

Spannung voltage U(t)/

0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0

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10

20

30

40 50 Zeit t time

60

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Dielectric Stress and Insulation Design

Special Dielectric Tests for Valve Windings

Long Time AC / DC Voltage Test

voltage U(t)/

1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0 30 60 time t min 120

0

Applied DC voltage duration 2 h, positive polarity, PD-measurement Applied AC voltage duration 1 h, PD-measurement

Polarity Reversal (PR) Test according to the IEC standard Usual cycle: 90min(-) PR 90min(+) PR 45 min(-) Applied DC voltage duration 90 min, negative polarity First PR within 1min2min 90 min positive polarity Second PR within 1min..2min 45 min negative polarity PD-measurement
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1.0 voltage U(t)/ 0.5 0 -0.5 -1.0 0 40 90 135 time t min 225
0

Dielectric Stress and Insulation Design

Equipotential Lines for AC and DC electric field

Equipotential Lines for an AC Field Dominant for the field distribution: Electrostatic displacement field

Equipotential Lines for a DC Field Dominant for the field distribution: Stationary Flow Field

D 0 r E

J E

Permittivity pressboard / oil r ratio = 2

Conductivity pressboard / oil ratio > 50

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Dielectric Stress and Insulation Design

Parameter which influence the Oil Conductivity

10-16
-1 Conductivity [S Leitfhigkeit [S m ] m-1]
10 -1 1

10-18

Pressboard
Pressboard RIP RIP

Conductivity [S]m ] Leitfhigkeit [S m

-1

1 0 -11

10 -1 2
1 0 -12

O il
l

-1

10-13
-15

P res sb o ard , H
P re s sb o a rd , H

10
10

-1 3

10

-13

10 -1 4
1 0 -14

10-10

10 -1 5
1 0 -15

P res sb o ard , T
P re s s b o a rd , T

10-12

Oil
l

Porcelain
Porzellan
60 80 100 120
120

10-7
1
1

10

1 00

1 00 0

20 10-9
20

40
40

Field S tre n1 gth 10 00

F el ds t r ke

[k1V /m m ] 00 0

60 80 100 Temperature [C]

[k V / m m ]

Temperatur [C]

Quelle: DC Flashover voltage characeteristics..., A. Kurita et.al, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. PWRD-1,No.3, July

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Dielectric Stress and Insulation Design Polarity Reversal (PR)

Change of the Field Strength during and after PR

Applied Voltage

Equipotential Lines

Electrical Field Distribution

E mag in kV/mm max

1.00

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Projects, Developments and Trends

Long time DC or DC polarity reversal test with PD measurement Test setup 800kV HVDC Transformer

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Projects, Developments and Trends

Active Part and Leads Assembly 800kV HVDC Transformer

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Projects, Developments and Trends

Barrier System for the 800 kV Bushing of the Valve-Winding

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Projects, Developments and Trends

The Worlds first 800 kV UHV DC in China Southern Power Grid

Commercial Operation: 2009 Pole 1

1,418 km

5,000 MW +/- 800 kV DC

2010 Pole 2

Yunnan-Guangdong
Quelle: Prof, Retzmann

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Projects, Developments and Trends

Sending Station Chuxiong

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Projects, Developments and Trends

Converter Transformer at Suidong

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Projects, Developments and Trends

UHV DC Transformers arriving

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Projects, Developments and Trends

UHV DC Transformers arriving

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Projects, Developments and Trends

UHV DC logistics a crucial task

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Projects, Developments and Trends

Yunnan-Guangdong UHV DC Valve Halls

800 kV DC 2 x 400 kV DC

800 kV DC

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Projects, Developments and Trends

Yunnan-Guangdong UHV DC Valve Hall

800 kV DC

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Yunnan-Guangdong UHV DC Converter

400 kV DC
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Yunnan-Guangdong UHV DC Converter

Inauguration first pole on 28.12.2009

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02-2010 25.10.2010

Dr. Mario ESchenk, T PS SL/Re Frank Trautmann

800 kV DC

Power Transmission Division

Yunnan-Guangdong UHV DC Converter

800 kV DC
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Projects, Developments and Trends

Worlds biggest and longest 800 kV UHV DC Transmission Project State Grid Corporation of China

Xiangjiaba-Shanghai
Shanghai
Leshan
Sichuan Power Grid

Chongqing

Wuhan

Nanhui

Xiangjiaba Xiluodu left Xiluodu right

Xiangjiaba
Xiluodu-Zh uzhou Xiluodu left Xiluodu rightXiluodu-Zhe xi

Changsha
970km

Zhexi

Zhuzhou

km 1728

2,071 Km

6,400 MW +/- 800 kV DC

Guangdong
Quelle: Prof, Retzmann, Siemens

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Projects, Developments and Trends

HVDC Transformers

3000 MW, 500KV TSQ-GBJ

2000

5000 MW, 800kV Yunnan-Guangdong

250 MVA 2008

6400 MW, 800kV Xiangjiaba-Shanghai

321,1 MVA 2009

7200 MW, 800kV Study

360 MVA 2010

in operation

in operation

in operation

Study

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Projects, Developments and Trends

Jinping 800 kV UHV DC Transmission Project

Sunan Leshan Chongqing To Sichuan Power Grid Jinping Plant I Jinping Plant I I Guandi Linping Xichang Wuhan

Shanghai

Changsha

* 6.4 GW initially * 7,200 MW +/- 800 kV DC Planned for 2013

Guangdong

2,237 km

For Comparison: Germany

Source: Brazil-India-China Summit Meeting on HVDC & Hybrid Systems Planning and Engineering Issues, July 2006, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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840 km

Projects, Developments and Trends

HVDC Transformers Technical Data

1. 800 kV Yunnan Guangdong Rated Power

System Transformer

2. 800 kV Xiangjiaba Shanghai 6400 MW 321 MVA li0 530 kV/3 170.3 kV/3

3. 800 kV Study 7200 MW 360 MVA li0 530 kV/3 170.3 kV/3

1. 1100 kV Study

Vectorgroup Ratio Weights

Total Oil

5000 MW 250 MVA li0 525 kV/3 168.85 kV/3 512 t 142 t 909 kV 912 1254 kV 969 kV

Insulationlevel Line (HV) Valve (LV)

AC (60min) LI SI Potential DC (2h) PR -/+/(90/90/45)min
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551.8 t 148.8 t 912 kV 912 kV LI 1550 kV SI 1175 kV AC 680 kV 912 1800 kV 1600 kV 1258 kV 970 kV 912 1258 kV 970 kV

Dr. Mario Schenk, Frank Trautmann

Transforming know-how into solutions.

Siemens Transformers.

Thank you for your attention !

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Information about the Presenter

Mario Schenk
Director Engineering and R&D, Power Transformers Nuremberg 1991 till 1997 1997-2002 2002 11/2002-10/2007 2004-2006 since 11/2007 Electrician Electrical Engineering (HV and High Current) (Dipl.-Ing. TU Dresden and Virginia Tech) Doctorate, Scientific Assistant (Dr.-Ing. TU Dresden) Thermal Design of High Voltage Equipment ABB Switzerland AG R&D, Design of Generator Circuit Breakers SGB Regensburg (SGB/SMIT Group) Director R&D, Director Engineering Executive MBA (Northwestern University Chicago, WHU Koblenz) Siemens AG, Power Transformers Nuremberg Director Engineering and R&D responsible for R&D, Electrical Design Mechanical Design and Production Technology

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