Doctors in prison until the nineteenth century had as its mission, among others, examine the health of the

subjects to test their resistance to the torture and thus prevent the inmate who was being questioned would die and could not continue the trial. It also cured the subjects who had been tortured to ajusticiarlos later, or to continue the torture until confession, absurdly considered the "queen of evidence". Could give many examples of this, but just one: The doctor of Hernan Cortes, Cristobal de Ojeda, naturally saw the torment of Cuauhtemoc and the other gentlemen, to suspend it if there was danger of lost life. Quietly observed how the fire was consuming the foot of the heroes who refused to reveal where he hid the treasure of the Aztec nation. Another task carried out by prison doctors to certify death was the defendant. If this

was running through there was no great problem, since capital punishment was executed by dismemberment, decapitation etc. The problem whether a prisoner had "died" in prison, he had a firm belief that there were drugs or concoctions that could produce apparent death and thus escape the defendant or subject to judicial action so the doctor was custom to give a heart puncture before ruling the death. Physicians must be experts in Demologa; rule to cases of possession. The corrective function of physicians the prisons were very tight and sometimes epidemics in prisons and detention centers were considered as a solution to the problem of overcrowding in the institutions. The prison system may never had a major renewal effort as in the eighteenth

century. This was the century when more humanitarian thinkers dealt with the suffering and despair of the prison. Despite this, for many years to the present day living conditions, the possibilities of redemption and rational treatment as human beings were simply painful. From the eighteenth century the lead on prison reform was taken by the Catholic Church. Following the work houses of Franci, Pope Clement XI ordered the construction of a prison for young offenders as part of San Miguel Hospital in Rome. This prison was completed in 1704 under the design of Carlo Fontano. A prominent building that served as a model prison for the next 200 years. It is introduced the idea of a separation cell for each prisoner, so that you can think about his crime. In architectural terms means a personal series of cells built around a courtyard or central room

overlooking an altar placed in the axis of the building. The design was straightforward and simple. The separation of prisoners in individual rooms or cells imposes a discipline in plan and section lacking in all the early institutions. Philippe Pinel (1775-1826) was the founder of modern psychiatry. He was distinguished for its quality care, culture and human personality and ethics.Appointed physician Bicetre, where they concentrated all the mentally ill. His first action was to unleash the unhappy patients, of whom there were people chained for over 40 years old who were stunted and somewhat blind. He was director of the largest psychiatric facility Salpetriere in France. Make the first clinical diagnosis, separating mentally ill criminals, avoid unnecessary harshness and starts the medical treatment of the mentally ill.

William Tuke in England founded the York Retreat hospital. This hospital, host institution, humanity and freedom for the insane, was the model for many institutions in Europe and the United States throughout the nineteenth century.