NR 320 PSYCHIATRIC MENTAL HEALTH NURSING CHAPTER 8 THERAPEUTIC COMMUNICATION NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION APPEARANCE-dress, hair, tattoos, badges, jewelry,

ry, glasses BODY MOVEMENT AND POSTURE-communicates self-esteem, gender identity, status TOUCH-positive/negative o Functional professional-businesslike, i.e. tailor o Social polite-impersonal but acceptance, i.e. handshake o Friendship warmth-friend, i.e. hand on shoulder o Love intimacy-emotional attachment, i.e. hug o Sexual arousal-physical attraction, i.e. touching genitals FACIAL EXPRESSIONS PARALANGUAGE-complex multi-message system

THERAPEUTIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUES USING SILENCE-client has opportunity to collect and organize thoughts GIVING RECOGNITION-acknowledging awareness, better than complimenting OFFERING SELF-makes one available on an unconditional basis, increases clients feeling of self-worth GIVING BROAD OPENINGS-client can take initiative in introducing the topic what would you like to talk RESTATING-repeat main idea of what client said REFLECTING-questions and feelings are referred back to client FOCUSING-take notice of a single idea or word EXPLORING-delving further into a subject, idea, experience, or relationship CLARIFICATION-striving to explain that which is vague PRESENTING REALITY-define reality when client has misperception of environment VOICING DOUBT-expressing uncertainty as to the reality of the clients perceptions NONTHERAPEUTIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUES GIVING REASSURANCE-devalues clients feelings; discourages client from further expression of feelings APPROVAL OR DISAPPROVAL-denouncing clients ideas or behaviors; nurse is passing judgment AGREEING/DISAGREEING-nurse is passing judgment GIVING ADVICE-implies nurse knows what is best BELITTLING-lack of empathy is conveyed; causes client to feel insignificant INTRODUCING UNRELATED TOPICS-causes nurse to take over the direction of the discussion ACTIVE LISTENING-attentive verbally and nonverbally SOLOER o Sit squarely facing the client o Observe an open posture o Lean forward toward the client o Establish eye contact o Relax FEEDBACK-helping the client consider a modification of behavior DESCRIPTIVE-focuses on behavior rather than on client SPECIFIC-details about clients behavior rather than generalized DIRECTED TOWARD BEHAVIOR THAT CAN BE MODIFIED-characteristic or situation IMPART INFORMATION VERSUS OFFER ADVICE-advice fosters dependence