VERB + V-ING 1.

These verbs are followed by v-ing (not to): stop delay finish postpone miss involve risk practise fancy imagine enjoy like consider avoid dislike hate admit deny love suggest mention continue mind quit

I enjoy dancing. (not I enjoy to dance ) Would you mind closing the door. Ann suggested going to the cinema. Have you ever considered going to live in another country? Suddenly everybody stopped talking. Ill do the shopping when Ive finished cleaning the flat. He tried to avoid answering my question. I dont fancy going out this evening . Note that the negative form: not + v-ing When Im on holiday, I enjoy not having to get up early. 2. The following verbs can have the structure: verb + preposition + v-ing go on (carry on) We cant go on living like this. put off Everybody put off discussing it till next week. give up He has given up smoking. keep (on) Dont keep (on) interrupting me. talk about We talked about going to America. apologise for She apologised for not telling the truth. succeed in Have you succeeded in finding a job yet? insist on They insisted on paying for the meal. think of Im thinking of buying a new house. dream of I wouldnt dream of asking them for the money. approve of She doesnt approve of gambling. decide against Weve decided against moving to London. feel like Do you feel like going out tonight? look forward to Im looking forward to meeting her again. object to Do you object to working on Sunday? 3. Thefollowing verbs can have the structure: verb + object + preposition + v-ing congratulate on accuse of suspect of prevent from stop from thank for forgive for warn against verb + object + I congratulated Ann They accused me Nobody suspected the man What prevented him The police stopped everyone I forgot to thank them Please forgive me They warned us preposition + v-ing on passing the exam. of telling lies. of being a spy. from coming to see us? from leaving the building. for helping me. for not writing to you. against buying the car.

VERB + TO + INFINITIVE 1. Structure: verb + to + infinitive : offer agree refuse ask decide plan arrange expect hope aim learn want deserve afford forget manage attempt wish fail pretend try threaten swear promise claim tend appear seem

It was late, so we decided to take a taxi home. Tom was in a difficult situation, so I agreed to lend him some money. He is going to learn to drive next month.

I waved to Mary but failed to attract her attention. The thief refused to stop at the red light. I like George but I think he tends to talk so much. Ann pretended not to see me as she passed me in the street. The robbers threatened to kill all workers in the bank. I swear not to tell you a lie. They deserved to be sent to prison. After dare / help you can use the infinitive with or without to: I wouldnt dare to tell him. or I wouldnt dare tell him. But after darent (or dare not) you must use the infinitive without to: I darent tell him what happened. (without to) Can you help me to move this table. or Can you help me move this table. 2. After the following verbs you can use a question word (what,where,how,whether ) + to Ask decide know remember forget explain learn understand

wonder

We asked Have you decided I dont know Do you understand

how where whether what

to get to the station. to go for your holiday? to apply for the job or not. to do?

Also: show / tell / ask/ advise / teach somebody what / how / where to do something: Can you show me how to answer this question? Ann will tell you what to do. He taught us what to know about the country. 3. After make and let we use : verb + object + infinitive (without to ) The customs officer made him open his case. My parents didnt let me go out alone when I was a baby. Hot weather makes me feel tired. Let me carry your bag for you. We make somebody do, but the passive is be made to do( infinitive with to ) He was made to open his case. 4. These verbs have two possible structures. Compare: Advise recommend encourage 7. allow permit forbid

Verb + V-ing (without an object) I wouldnt recommend staying in that hotel. She didnt allow smoking in her house. Passive: Smoking isnt allowed in her house. Verb + object + to + infinitive I wouldnt recommend anybody to stay in that hotel. object She didnt allow us to smoke in her house. Passive: We arent allowed to smoke in her house 1. You must promise_____________ (not / be) late again. 2. I didnt have enough time (finish) my work yesterday. 3. He refused ( allow) her (think) for herself. 4. I was relieved (find out) that I had passed the exam. 5. She made her son _____(wash) the windows before he could go outside _______(play) with his friends. 6. She lets her children (stay) up very late.

We had nothing (do) except look at the cinema posters. 8. We both heard him (say) that he was leaving. 9. It made him angry (wait) for people who were late. 10. I couldnt understand what the passage said, so I had my friend ( translate) it for me. 11. Its important ( start) the meeting on time.

12. There are too many people here for me (talk) to all of them. 13. It took ages (download) the pictures from the Internet.

14. Whenever I have free time, I like ( watch) the basketball team (practice). 15. She sent me an e- mail ( inform) me that the meeting had been canceled. 16. It was a thrill ( see) my brother (win) the chess tournament last year. 17. I must ( speak) to the manager. 18. It is lovely ( see) you again.

19. It is too cold ( go) out. 20. I am happy ( know) that you have passed the exam. 21. Weve got a few jobs ( do). 22.He keeps (ask) ____________ me the time and I keep (tell) _____________him (buy) _____________himself a watch. 23.Im not in a hurry. I dont mind (wait) _____________for you.

TENSES ( Th ) 1. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE:( Th hien tai n ) S + VERB ( 0,S, ES )->S + do/does +not + V 0.->DO/DOES + S + V0?TOBE. S + AM/IS/ARE.. + To show the truth , everyday habits , naturals , present actions ( Dien ta hanh ong xay ra hien tai ) Ex: The sun rises in the east. + Expressions often used are: always , usually , often , frequently , sometimes , seldom , rarely, every day/ night/ afternoon/week/ month/ year , once a week Ex: She always goes to church on Sundays . 2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE ( To be + ving ) (Th hien tai tiep dien ) S + ( AM / IS / ARE ) + V-ing + OBJECT + To show things that are happening over a long period time(Dien ta hanh ong ang xay ra hien ta) Ex : They are watching the football match on TV now. + Expressions often used are: at the moment , at the present time . now , right now. + Present continuous is often used in the following structures Ex: Keep silent! The baby is sleeping. Ex: Be careful! The bus is coming. 3. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE ( Th hien tai hoan thanh ) S + HAS / HAVE + V3 / Ved + To express an action that happened in the past and continues to the present ( Dien ta mot hanh ong xay ra trong qua kh va con tiep tuc en hien tai ) Ex: We have studied English for six years. + To express an action that happened in the past but the time is indefinite. ( Dien ta mot hanh ong xay ra trong qua kh nhng thi gian khong xac nh ) Ex: I have seen that film before. + Expressions often used ; sofar , up to now , until now , already. never , ever , recently , just , for , since. Note : S + HAS / HAVE + V3 / Ved + SINCE + S + V2 / ed Ex: I have known Mary since she was a baby. 4. SIMPLE PAST TENSE ( Th qua kh n ) S + V2 / ed -> S + DIDNT + V0. ->DID + S + V0? TOBE. S + WAS/WERE.. + To show things which happened and ended.( Dien ta mot hanh ong xay ra trong qua kh ) Ex: I studied well last year. + Expressions often used ; yesterday, last week / month / year, ago,time in the past in 1990. 5. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE ( Th qua kh tiep dien ) S + Was / Were + V-ing + Object + To show things which were happening at a time or during a period of time in the past ( Dien ta hanh ong ang xay ra mot thi iem xac nh trong qua kh ) Ex: At this time yesterday morning, I was playing chess with John. Ex: We were doing home work at 8 p.m yesterday. A/ When + S + V2 / ed , S + Was / Were + V-ing. Ex: When he came, they were cooking dinner. B/ As + S + Was / Were + V-ing , S + V2 / ed Ex: As it was raining, I left home. C/ S + Was / Were + V-ing + While + S + Was / were + V-ing Ex: I was doing my homework while my mother was cooking lunch. 6. PAST PERFECT TENSE ( Th qua kh hoan thanh ) S + HAD + V3 / Ved + To show things which happened before a point of time in the past ( Dien ta mot hanh ong xay ra trc mot thi iem trong qua kh ) Ex: He had left England for France before 1990. + To show things which happened before another thing in the past ( Dien ta mot hanh ong xay ra trc hanh ong khac trong qua kh )

S + HAD + V3 / Ved + BEFORE + S + V2 / ed Ex: They had phoned me before they came here. B/ S + V2 / ED + AFTER + S + HAD + V3 / VED Ex: I went to school after I had had breakfast. 7. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE ( Th tng lai n ) S + WILL + V(bare infinitive) + To show things which will happen in the future Ex: We will visit Ha Long Bay next week. + Expressions often used are tomorrow, next week / month / yea, soon (chng bao lu), someday. EXERCISE: PUT THE CORRECT VERB IN THE BLANKS. 1. He was writing to his friend when he (hear)................. a noise. 2. Up to now, I (learn) ................. a lot of information about her. 3. My mother (be)....... very happy when she (meet)............ her old friend again two days ago. 4. I .(meet)............... many people since I came here in June. 5. Peter (wait)................... for her wife's letter since last Friday. Now he hasn't received yet. 6. We (learn)................... maths at 8 oclock last week. 7. When I (open)............... the door, she was reading a newspaper. 8. She was playing games while he (watch)................... a football match. 9. She (go)................. to Ho Chi Minh city last year. 10. Water (cover).................... most of the Earth's surface. 11. Lee (have)......... her shirt made one month ago. 12. Nowadays my mother (go)............... to work on foot. 13. ................ he (play) . football now? 14. My brother (not, explain)................ it to me yet. 15. your father (take) . you to London with him tomorrow? 16. He (play)................ football since he was a boy. 17. I (see) .................. a film for two years up to now. 18. When the telephone rang, she (write)............... a letter. 19. What you (do) .. yesterday? 20. ............. you (just, buy)..... a new house? 21. They (wait) .................. for an hour when the final bus came. 22. I came into the room while they (listen)................ the radio. 23. The old people (prefer). ............... tea to coffee. 24. That little boy (cry)........... non-stop for the past hour. 25. Mary (wear)........................ a beautiful long dress at the moment. 26. While I (wait).................. for a bus, I saw a terrible accident. 27. After he (finish).. ................ work, he went straight home. 28. He (be).................. in Vietnam since January 5. 29. The boy fell while he (run) ................ down the stairs.

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