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SurveyUsersGuide MinexV5.

3 April2008

Table Of Contents
Introduction........................................................................................................................................3 GettingStarted........................................................................................................................................................3 StartingtheSoftware. ..............................................................................................................................................5 ExploringTheSoftware......................................................................................................................11 ViewingGeometryData.....................................................................................................................14 DisplayingGeometrydata.....................................................................................................................................15 SettingUpthePlotGeometryDataWindow ......................................................................................................... 15 EditingGeometryData ......................................................................................................................19 ViewingtheNewSurveydata................................................................................................................................ 19 EditingtheGeometrydata....................................................................................................................................19 SurveyStations..................................................................................................................................23 TheStationsFile .....................................................................................................................................................23 DRTImplementation ..............................................................................................................................................25 DataRecorders..................................................................................................................................27 400_Geodat(4)DataRecorderoption. ...............................................................................................46 BookDetails......................................................................................................................................52 BookInputEdit..................................................................................................................................55 BookReduction.................................................................................................................................57 SurveyParameterFile........................................................................................................................59 GPSImportExport.............................................................................................................................63 GPSImport.............................................................................................................................................................63 GPSExport.........................................................................................................................................68 Upload...............................................................................................................................................69 Triangulation&Volumetrics..............................................................................................................71 Triangulations........................................................................................................................................................71 Volumetrics............................................................................................................................................................72 Display&Plotting..............................................................................................................................75 AnnotateSurveyStations..................................................................................................................77

Editing Geometry Data

Introduction
This section introduces the concepts of starting and exploring the software with reference to a training data set.

MINEX5 Survey Data Operations


Introduction is described through the following topics : Getting Started Starting the Software Exploring the Software

Getting Started
Accompanying this manual are data sets which would be available after installation of this software module. It contains files necessary to complete the assorted tasks as described throughout this manual. These tasks should not be attempted unless these files exist. Please consult your Systems Manager to allocate a training directory and ensure the necessary files exist in this directory prior to commencing this training session.

Survey Data Files


In the MINEX5.Vn#\Tutorials directory set up by the MINEX5 Install script, the following files are necessary to complete the allocated tasks. i. A Digitized and Survey Data file called SURVEY.GM3 containing Historical Pit Survey data and Original Topography survey. ii. Survey Station file called STATION.STN containing all survey stations used in the pit area.

iii. 5 Weekly Survey files associated with one months survey of the open pit. week1.dat week2.dat week3.dat week4.dat week5.dat Briefly Weeks 1-5.dat are raw survey pick-ups as acknowledged from a WILD GRE4 data recorder, and each pick-up is shown as attached plots which represent the advancing faces of an open pit for a one month period. iv. A triangulation file called SEOVB.TR5 containing the pit surface prior to first monthly survey. v. The String Code Parameters file SURVEY.PAR which describes various pointers for the software to identify the field survey codes. vi. The parameter file Parameters.mpf which contains saved parameters.

Editing Geometry Data

Starting the Software.


The survey software is started by activating the MINEX5 shortcut.

This shortcut starts the current MINEX5 software, checking the licensing and setting up all necessary defaults. Check the Properties of the Shortcut use the Right Hand Mouse button and click in the MINEX5 Icon

NOTE: The Target directory should point to the current MINEX5 Software Directory and access the \bin\wnt\minex5.bat

file

Take a minute to look at this properties screen and now double click on the ICON to start the program. The Software will begin initializing and check for a current license.

Editing Geometry Data

To understand more of the options available under Minex 5 refer to the Minex 5 Reference Manual. Click on the Accept button to start the software.

Help
By clicking on the Help, a HELP window will appear allowing the user to check a specific topic and/or search for information on a particular subject

Editing Geometry Data

Try this now by clicking on the "Help" option using the Left mouse button and use the Contents option to open the Haul Road Help.

Hover Help
As you move the cursor over the various Icons in MINEX5 a set of Tool Tips OR Hover Help will be displayed. Take a minute to check this.

We are now ready to continue with more options and exploring the software.

Editing Geometry Data

Exploring The Software


Do not be afraid to use various options as you are working in a training area with training data. If any files get corrupted, delete all the training files, and copy the Tutorial Data to the directory again. Notice at Startup MINEX5 has a File Explorer as part of the Startup Screen.

Right Hand Mouse contextual options are used extensively throughout MINEX5. Take a minute to check the RH Mouse options on some of the MINEX Files in the MINEX5 Explorer. Find the File SEOVB.TR5 in the Minex Explorer and use the RH Mouse options to Display & Open this triangle set. The 3D Design window should now display this Triangle file.

NowClickontheTriangleIconofSEOVB.TR5fileandholdingtheLeftHandMousedown,Dragtheicon intothe3DDesignWindowandnoticethechangeofcolourtotheSEOVBTriangles.

Editing Geometry Data

Congratulations you have successfully displayed the Current Pit Survey Surface. We will now move onto Viewing the Geometry Data by selecting the link below.

Viewing Geometry Data


Objective: To view on the screen in a 3D_Window selected contents of the geometry file.

Opening the GM3 file.


Use the MINEX5 Explorer to highlight the MAP.GM3 file and then use the RH Mouse Contextual options to select the Open option. NOTE: As the Open option is the first line in the List it would also be possible to Double Click on the file and achieve the same purpose.

Note also the red tick beside the file indicating is open for Primary Access. The "geometry" file is predominately where all "string" type data is stored for subsequent use within the software. This file also contains Map Mounts & Cross-Section parameters used for plotting purposes as well as title block and various other data formats used within the Minex software.

Editing Geometry Data

By now you should be aware of how the data is stored in the geometry file, though probably not comfortable with the full extent of its storage capability.

Displaying Geometry data.


Now select the Plot

Geometry Icon,

Your screen should look like the example below.

Setting Up the Plot Geometry Data Window


Click on the Data Type field in the parameter window and select the Structure Data Type.

Use the MAP button to select JAN05 and now hit the F button to Fast Plot your selection.

Congratulations! You are now viewing the selected geometry data in a 3D window. Experiment with the left hand side Zoom, Pan and Last Zoom buttons on the Graphics Tool Bar. Check out the Unzoom button. This particular data set represents an existing pit and some surrounding topography. The following sections will step you through the process of progressive surveys, their integration into the existing topography and subsequent volume reporting. Hint: Click on the 3D Dynamic Rotation button and change the angle of dip of the view. Rotate your view using the Left Hand Mouse. You may also exaggerate the picture by increasing the ZAmplification.

Hold the Middle Mouse Button to PAN And Right Hand Mouse Button to ZOOM IN and OUT Note: If the dip is set to 90 degrees the view has essentially become a plan, and viewed from the South.

Editing Geometry Data

Experiment with the other buttons in the Dynamic Rotate options to complete this section.

Editing Geometry Data

Editing Geometry Data


Viewing the New Survey data.
After completing the Survey Import Wizard and/or the GPS Import, MINEX will automatically register your newly imported data in the Plot Geometry data window. Open the Plot Geometry Data Window and check this for yourself, now use the F Fast Plot option to display your new survey data.

Editing the Geometry data.


As we have assumed that the JAN05 data is the current Pit Status at the END of January 2005, to commence our February surveys our first task is to copy the JAN05 data to a new map FEB05 and all our weekly surveys for February are then merged into the FEB05 data. To copy JAN05 to FEB05 use the String -> Geometry Tools -> Copy/Rename Geometry Data to create the new map FEB05.

Set up the Copy/Rename From fields by using the Map Select browser and Type in the new name FEB05 in the Copy/Rename To Map field. Use the Keep names Tick Box Toggle to Keep the string Identifiers from the original JAN05 Map.

Editing Geometry Data

The common procedure to follow is to split old overlapping strings in half which lie within the new WEEK1 string area. Then reconnect these strings to the new data and triangulate these to form the Weekly Surface. So as to not delete any of the newly surveyed Strings the Plot Geometry Data -> Edit (ON/OFF) tick is used to prevent accidental deletion of the new survey data.

Also to assist in editing the The Plot Geometry -> P (Pen Plot) mode is used to highlight the NEW from the OLD by changing the Layer Colour Number to different numbers (other than 1 which plots the data with their stored colours) and using the P Plot button. Try this now by changing the First Line Layer to say Pen/Layer 6 and the New Survey (WEEK1) to Layer/Pen 7 and hit the P button. Once all the string editing is complete, the map WEEK1 may be copied to FEB05. Usually this is done at the end of a Reporting period or after each survey, such that each reporting period the Surveyor will have a copy of the current pit status and therefore be continually updated with latest surveys. At the End of Month, February the procedure is repeated. FEB05 is finally triangulated and the MAP data FEB05 is copied to MAR05 and all subsequent March05 Surveys are edited and copied into the MAR05 map. Task: Repeat the process for weeks 2-5.

Survey Stations
The objective in this section is to access a Survey Station file, and insert and delete a station.

The Stations File


Station or Control Point File....."Stations".STN
The Station File consists of an ASCII based file to include all relevant Stations associated with a specific Survey Area. The File may contain all the stations for the total mine area or a number of station files may be associated with specific working areas. IT IS IMPORTANT TO NOTE THAT THE STATIONS MUST EXIST IN THE STATION FILE TO ALLOW THE "BOOK" REDUCTION TO PROCEED. THE TRAVERSE ADJUSTMENT FACILITY ALLOWS THE USER TO PROGRESSIVELY UPDATE THE STATIONS FILE WITH ADJUSTED STATION COORDINATES BY USING THE TRAVERSE ADJUSTMENT FACILITY. The Stations File Format is described in the SURVEY.DES file which is available in the MINEX5.Vn#\etc\SURVEY.DES which is downloaded at with the software installation. ******************************************************** * * OPEN PIT STATION FILE * OP_STATION * * Start LengthPlaces * III II I 1 8 ! Station Id 9 4 ! Type 13 12 3 ! Easting 25 12 3 ! Northing 37 9 3 ! Elevation 47 32 ! Description 80 10 ! Chartered Date 91 10 ! Survey Date 101 30 ! Seam Names END Example Sample Station File.... e.g. STATION.STN File name (16 char) with default suffix (.STN) NB: Column header should not be included in the "STATIONS" file. However, if the first character is a '*' then the line is ignored. This option may be used for "in file" comments. Example Format *23456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 * 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 OXLEYN AAAA1026.467 5030.304 100.00 OXLEYS AAAA1000.00 5000.00 102.65

The procedure for inputting and editing new or old survey stations is fundamental to any Survey software. The Stations File used in this training session is called STATION.STN It is an ASCII file and can be edited using any ASCII file editor, however care must be taken to ensure the column formats are maintained. See Survey Data Input and Reduction - The Stations File. Task: Open the Survey Import Wizard and select the Stations File Station.stn.

The Survey Import Wizard window displayed will appear as shown below:

Use the

to access the File Browser and select Station.Stn

After selecting the Stations File your Survey Import Wizard menu should look like the one below.

BookDetails

Use the control keys F5 (Insert a New Line) F6 (Delete a Line) & F7 (Copy a Line).
As an exercise Copy (F7) station AAAA and rename it to BBBB --- now delete (F5) AAAA . Use the scroll bar to move up and down the file. Find station PXO2 in the file and click on that line. Change the co-ordinate and elevation of this station, use the tab key and arrow keys to move around. Copy the station PXO2 to TRAIN1 using the (F7) key. Insert a new line (F5) and create TRAIN2 station. Delete TRAIN1 station (F6) and Save the changes to STATION.STN You have now successfully added a new survey station to the stations file. This station file is an ASCII file and can be printed and edited using the operating system editor. The use of station Types also allows various stations to be highlighted for example as Pillar, temporary or unstable using the 4 character code.

Remember to use the SAVE button if you have made any changes to the Survey Stations File.

DRT Implementation
Extra Station Description fields are also available in the MINEX5-DRT version of the software where a brief description and/or notes can be added to the station record. These Fields have been implemented to allow the Stations File to be used in the DRT Implementation of MINEX 5. The required Fields are Survey Date, Charted Date, Endorsements (Description) and Seam Name. Use the Edit Stations File option to access these optional DRT fields.

Select the Stations File and input the extra information to the new fields. To SAVE the change simply use the OK button.

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Data Recorders
To convert the any data recorder file it is necessary to select the required Data Recorder Format form the menu below. The training dataset uses the Drayton GRE3/4 coding format and is selected from the drop down selection at the Data Recorder window.

Due to the varied coding procedures at different sites and the different formats of survey data recorders available today, the following training session uses the Drayton Leica GRE3/4 format and Geodimeter Geodat 400 format with specific coding features. Three specific codes have been set up to represent a variety of survey procedures which may represent a new station setup; change in target height and identification of "string" names and codes.

After selecting the required Data Recorder Type it is necessary to select the Raw Survey file. Use the File Chooser to locate the Drayton GRE3/4 file week1.dat. Generally the raw survey files would be kept under a separate folder \Surveys. In the example above these files are in the Project Directory. The Booking Method for this type of Data (EDME Radiation Survey) is Booking Method 5 and the Theodolite Type is 1.

BookDetails

The following files week1.dat and WEEK1.SRV are an example of the conversion of a LeicaGRE3/4 data file to the standard MINEX Survey Book File .SRV. Note the sequence of 41 codes and their effect on the .SRV file and the conversion of the 71 codes to distinguish different survey data. For further information see Survey Data Input & Reduction at the end of this manual.

Week1.dat (wild GRE4 format)

After converting the Leica GRE3/4 file to MINEX Survey Book format it is possible to see the conversions from the Raw File above.

WEEK1.SRV

The other required fields in this menu are

Booking Method. Theodolite Type. Data Recorder File

Booking Methods
Booking Method 1 - Stadia Observations Method 1

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Booking Method 2 - Stadia Observation Method 2 Booking Method 3 - Self Reducing Tacheometer Booking Method 5- Standard E.D.M.E. Observations Method 5 Booking Method 6 - Modified E.D.M.E. (Total Station) Observation Method

Booking Method 1 - Stadia Observations Method 1


Combination of any two (2) crosshair staff readings. If three (3) readings are booked, a staff test is applied. column length 1 9 16 23 30 38 46 54 63 68 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 4 4 Description Station Identification (Occupied Station) Instrument Height (Defaults to last given value) Lower Hair Reading ) Middle Hair Reading )At least 2 of the 3 hair Upper Hair Reading )combination must be given. Vertical Circle (Angle) [DDDMMSS] Horizontal Circle (Angle/Bearing) [DDDMMSS] FORESIGHT (If a NEW Station is sighted) Code (Optional) Seam/Level or Horizon Identifier (4char)

Example Sample File Booking Method 1 ..... BKM1.SRV File name (4 char) with default suffix (.SRV) NB: Column header should not be included in the "BOOK"file, however, if the first character is a '*', then the line is ignored. This option may be used for "in file" comments. *23456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 1 * 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

OXLEYN

1.59 0.58 0.98 0.99 1.04 2.99 0.7 1.2 1.2 1.2 3.2 0.82 1.42 1.41 1.36 3.41

0410800 OXLEYS 0934000 0250740 09438 09312 02345 04055 RAND TOP RAND TOP RAND TOP RAND TOP RAND TOP

0932220 04120 0932620 05839

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Booking Method 2 - Stadia Observation Method 2


Combination of Slope Distance (Staff Intercept x 100) and Centre Hair reading with associated Vertical & Horizontal angles and Instrument Height. column 1 9 value) 16 30 38 46 54 63 68 length 8 7 14 7 7 7 8 4 4 Description Station Identification (Occupied Station) Instrument Height (Defaults to last given Slope Distance (Staff Intercept x 100) Centre Hair Reading Vertical Circle (Angle) [DDDMMSS] Horizontal Circle (Angle/Bearing) [DDDMMSS] FORESIGHT (If a NEW Station is sighted) Code (Optional) Seam/Level or Horizon Identifier (4char)

Example Sample File Booking Method 2 ..... BKM2.SRV File name (4 char) with default suffix (.SRV) NB: Column header should not be included in the "BOOK" file, however, if the first character is a '*', then the line is ignored. This option may be used for "in file" comments. *23456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 1 * OXLEYN 1 1.59 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 43.0 40.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.2 1.2 2 3 4 5 6 7

0410800 OXLEYS 0934000 0250740 0934000 0250740 0934000 0250740 0934000 0250740 0934000 0250740 09438 09312 02345 04055 RAND TOP RAND TOP RAND TOP RAND TOP RAND TOP RAND TOP RAND TOP

BookDetails

Booking Method 3 - Self Reducing Tacheometer


Combination of Reduced Horizontal Distance (Staff Intercept), Base Correction Factor with Centre Hair reading & Constant, and associated Horizontal Circle and Instrument Height.

column 1 9 value) 16 22 28 33 46 54 63 68 Example

length 8 7 6 6 5 6 7 8 4 4

Description Station Identification (Occupied Station) Instrument Height (Defaults to last given Base Correction Centre (Middle) Hair Reading Constant (Theodolite Constant) Horizontal Distance (Theodolite Reduced) Horizontal Circle (Angle/Bearing) [DDDMMSS] FORESIGHT (If a NEW Station is sighted) Code (Optional) Seam/Level or Horizon Identifier (4char)

Sample File Booking Method 3 ..... BKM3.SRV File name (4 char) with default suffix (.SRV) NB: Column header should not be included in the "BOOK" file, however, if the first character is a '*', then the line is ignored. This option may be used for "in file" comments. *23456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 1 * OXLEYN 1 1.59 2.21 1.2 1.05 1.05 2.42 3.85 2.24 2.24 100 100 100 100 24.0 42.72 31.39 31.39 2 3 4 5 6 7

0410800 OXLEYS 0250740 02345 04120 04120 RAND TOP RAND TOP RAND TOP RAND TOP

Booking Method 5 - Standard E.D.M.E. Observations Method 5


Combination of Slope Distance, Target Height with associated Vertical and Horizontal angles and Instrument Height. column length Description

1 9 value) 16 30 38 46 54 63 68 Example

8 7 14 7 7 7 8 4 4

Station Identification (Occupied Station) Instrument Height (Defaults to last given Slope Distance (E.D.M.E.) Target (Prism/Reflector) Height Vertical Circle (Angle) [DDDMMSS] Horizontal Circle (Angle/Bearing) [DDDMMSS] FORESIGHT (If a NEW Station is sighted) Code (Optional) Seam/Level or Horizon Identifier (4char)

Sample File Booking Method 5 ..... BKM5.SRV File name (4 char) with default suffix (.SRV)

NB: Column header should not be included in the "BOOK" file, however, if the first character is a '*', then the line is ignored. This option may be used for "in file" comments. *23456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 1 * OXLEYN 1 1.59 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 43.0 40.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.2 1.2 2 3 4 5 6 7

0410800 OXLEYS 0934000 0250740 0934000 0250740 0934000 0250740 0934000 0250740 0934000 0250740 09438 09312 02345 04055 RAND TOP RAND TOP RAND TOP RAND TOP RAND TOP RAND TOP RAND TOP

BookDetails

Booking Method 6 - Modified E.D.M.E. (Total Station) Observation Method


Combination of Reduced Horizontal Distance, Vertical (Height) Intercept with associated Horizontal angles and, Instrument Height (i.e. Target set to same height as Instrument Height or "Height" becomes [Instrument - Target Height] if Target Height is changed).

column 1 9 value) 16 30 38 Reduced) 46 54 63 68 Example

length 8 7 14 7 7 7 8 4 4

Description Station Identification (Occupied Station) Instrument Height (Defaults to last given Horizontal Distance (E.D.M.E. Reduced Target (Prism Reflector Height) Vertical (Intercept) Height (E.D.M.E. Horizontal Circle (Angle/Bearing) [DDDMMSS] FORESIGHT (If a NEW Station is sighted) Code (Optional) Seam/Level or Horizon Identifier (4char)

Sample File Booking Method 6 ..... BKM6.SRV File name (4 char) with default suffix (.SRV)

NB: Column header should not be included in the "BOOK" file, however, if the first character is a '*', then the line is ignored. This option may be used for "in file" comments. *23456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 1 * OXLEYN 1 1.58 24.2 24.2 24.2 24.2 24.2 3.5 2.6 2.24 23.9 23.9 23.9 23.9 23.9 42.72 40.37 31.39 2 3 4 5 6 7

0410800 OXLEYS 0250740 0250740 0250740 0250740 0250740 02345 04055 04120 RAND TOP RAND TOP RAND TOP RAND TOP RAND TOP RAND TOP RAND TOP RAND TOP

Theodolite Types.
Theodolites are classified according to the graduations on the vertical circle.

1 Zenith 2 Zenith 3 Zenith 4 Zenith

0 degrees F.L. Horizontal 90 degrees. 90 degrees F.L. Horizontal 0 degrees. 270 degrees F.L. Horizontal 0 degrees. 180 degrees F.L. Horizontal 90 degrees.

5 Zenith +90 degrees F.L. Horizontal 0 degrees. Nadir -90 degrees. 6 As for 1 but graduated in Grads. 7 As for 2 but graduated in Grads. 8 As for 3 but graduated in Grads. 9 As for 4 but graduated in Grads. 10 Any special type not specified above.

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Data Recorder Files.


Wild GRE3/4 - Data Terminal
The following is the recommended procedure for coding and recording measurement blocks using the Wild GRE3 data recorder. Essentially the surveyor will be using the GRE3 facility of CODE BLOCKS (41-43) and REM (71) words as a means of identifying the occupied station, the height of instrument, backsight station and height of targets etc. The overall requirements for data to be processed using the "book reduction" program is as follows:1. Survey Identifier (Location, date, etc.) 2. Occupied Station 3. Height of Instrument 4. Backsight (Target) Station 5. Height of Target 6. Backsight Bearing. 7. Remark Code. (Ht of target or seam/horizon ident change or offset noting and profile identifier and reference heading point number.) As the GRE3 uses only numeric codes for each record block, the surveyor may optionally store a series of conversions for converting the numeric identifier in a CODE block/REM word to the required alphanumeric code in the conversion "book" file (.SRV). This parameter file must exist prior to running the GRE3 conversion program. (See "The Survey Parameter File SURVEY.PAR" on Page 3 of this section).

A GRE3 data file format and its converted form is shown at the end of this section. Each field described and an explanation of its function is shown below. The 3 sets of code line required are described as follows:Line 1 Code Block 41 410001 + 00000999

Columns 1 - 5 not used Columns 6 - 8 must be "999" to indicate new set up. Code Block 42 42.... + 00241089

Columns 1 - 2 not used Columns 3 - 4 day of month (e.g., 24) Columns 5 - 6 month of year (e.g., 10) Columns 7 - 8 year (e.g., 89) Code Block 43 Columns 1 - 5 Columns 6 - 8 Job Description 43.... + 00000171 Not used (e.g., 171)

Line 2 Code Block 41 410001 + 00000915

Columns 1 - 5 not used Columns 6 - 8 station identifier (occupied station) Code Block 42 42.... + 00001355 Columns 1 - 3 not used Column places e.g., 1.355) Code Block 43 43.... + 35959300 4 (0 is +ve, 1 is -ve)

Columns 5 - 8 instrument height (implied 3 decimal

Columns 1 - 7 backsight bearing (dddmmsss) Column nearest integer. 8 decimal seconds will be rounded to

Line 3

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Code Block 41

410001 + 00000903

Columns 1 - 5 not used Columns 6 - 8 backsight station. Code Block 42 42.... + 00002150 * Optional field Columns 1 - 3 not used Column 4 (0 is +ve, 1 is -ve)

Columns 5 - 8 target/prism height. (implied 3 decimal places) Code Block 43 43.... + 14102150

Columns 1 - 3 Code Identifier (e.g. 141) Column 4 (0 is +ve, 1 is _ve)

Columns 5 - 8 Target/prism height (implied 3 dec places e.g., 2.150 *(optional field) The GRE3 measurement block and REM word follow the 3 code block lines, each line representing a single radiation to a surveyed point.

The REM word as coded is used as a further flag to change the various horizon identifiers and code reference during the survey, and optionally also to indicate a change in target/prism height.

** N.B. If there is no change to the seam/horizon identifier and prism height then the system defaults to that previous entered in the REM word. REM Word 71.... + 01601107 Columns 1 - 3 Seam/Horizon Identifier Column 3 (0 is +ve, 1 is -ve) Columns 4 - 8 prism/target/reflector height (implied 3 decimal places, e.g., 1.107)

Point Control/Foresight Codes At any stage during the survey "pick up", Point identifiers and/or Foresight readings to new stations can be flagged prior to recording the field observation. The Code/Heading identifier and/or Foresight flag uses the GRE3 code Block method to identify subsequent sequential observations as relating to that Code/Heading or Foresight. Each Identifiable Code must be input with a unique code Block flag in the GRE3 records and the Code must be "stopped" by an end of Code block flag using those Code Block flags as described below:Code Block 410001 + 00000222 Columns 1 - 5 not used 444 Start Foresight observations to new station. Code Block 42.... + 16001372 Columns 1 - 3 Foresight, Code/Heading identifier. Column 4 (0 is +ve, 1 is -ve) Columns 5 - 8 target/prism height. REM Word 71.... + 16001107 Columns 1-3 (016) Seam Identifier SEE SURVEY.PAR Column 4 (0 is +ve (1) is -ve. Columns 5-8 Prism/Target/Reflector height (implied 3 decimal places eg 1.107)

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Example Wild_GRE3 file


410001+00000999 42....+00910306 43....+00000555 410002+00000915 42....+00001314 43....+17959300 410002+00000903 42....+10402150 43....+30703010 110005+00000783 31..00+00441861 110006+00000784 31..00+00455684 110007+00000785 31..00+00463766 110008+00000786 31..00+00459661 110009+00000787 31..00+00446753 110010+00000788 31..00+00444546 110011+00000789 31..00+00861999 110068+00000837 31..00+00402420 110069+00000838 31..00+00417131 21.104+30741220 71....+14102150 21.104+31028430 71....+14102150 21.104+31154070 71....+14102150 21.104+31329110 71....+14102150 21.104+31603480 71....+14102150 21.104+31721290 71....+14102150 21.104+34824350 71....+14102150 21.104+31332480 71....+03650132 21.104+31143170 71....+03650132 22.104+09018540 22.104+09011220 22.104+09007300 22.104+09004410 22.104+08950160 22.104+08947060 22.104+09020160 22.104+09153270 22.104+09148050

410001+00000999 42....+00910306 43....+00000555 410002+00000915 42....+00001314 43....+17959300 410002+00000903 42....+14102150 43....+00103010 110070+00000839 31..00+00429152 110071+00000840 31..00+00440651 110072+00000841 31..00+00432109 110077+00000846 31..00+00387208 110078+00000847 31..00+00447148 110079+00000848 31..00+00450894 110080+00000849 31..00+00448166 21.104+31014270 71....+03650132 21.104+30913250 71....+03650132 21.104+30710410 71....+03650132 21.104+29547590 71....+03650132 21.104+31035070 71....+03650142 21.104+31207010 71....+03650142 21.104+31331420 71....+03650142 22.104+09141390 22.104+09137520 22.104+09142580 22.104+09200150 22.104+09133430 22.104+09131190 22.104+09135310

110081+00000850 31..00+00439695

21.104+31219460 71....+03650142

22.104+09141030

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400_Geodat (4) Data Recorder option.


The 400_Geodat (4) data recorder is controlled by two (2) options and assumes the files are in one of these two formats. These formats are best described as Block Format and Line Format. Either format requires a standard initialization phase which includes specifications of the Instrument Set_Up Station, Height of Instrument, Reference/Backsight Station, Date, Job No. and "infile" references to the various Codes and Seam Identifiers. It is important therefore to program the Geodat_400 in the specified format as described below. The essential features of BOTH the Block Mode and Line Mode are similar in that the Job No., Date, Instrument Set_Up, Height of Instrument, Backsight/Reference Station etc. are required for both formats. A Description of the required format is given below.

The Geodat_400 is programmed to prompt the necessary questions to satisfy the following format. 1. The First Line is the Initialization Line such that the required Job/Area can be selected from the Geodat_400 at the time of Downloading. Code 50= START NEW Job/Area 50=111 2. The Next Data line has been set to record the Date of the survey. Code 51= DATE 51=12/05/91 3. The Third Line MUST be programmed, though a response is not compulsory. Code 54= PROJECT IDENT 54=222 4. Line 4 of the Geodat_400 contains information regarding the Occupied Station and the Height of Instrument. Code 2= OCCUPIED STATION 3=HEIGHT INSTRUMENT 2=L206-15 3=-3.95 The Occupied station can be coded using either Alphanumeric or Numeric codes. If the Numeric code is used a check is made to SURVEY.PAR to establish any STATion conversion requirement. 5. Line 5 of the Geodat_400 contains information regarding the Backsight/Reference Station and the Backsight Bearing. As in the previous line (4) a check is made to SURVEY.PAR to assess whether a conversion is necessary if a Numeric code only is used for the STATion identification. *62=BACKSIGHT STATION 21=BACKSIGHT BEARING 62=204 21=359.5930 6. Line 6 essentially sets up the Target Height for subsequent surveyed points and sets the current Seam Identifier . This identifier can be Alphanumeric OR Numeric in which case a check to SURVEY.PAR is made for any numeric SEAM identifier conversions. *6=HEIGHT TARGET 4=(SEAM) (3DIGIT CHECK TO SURVEY.PAR FOR SEAM)

BookDetails

6=1.42 4=PUXT1A 7. All subsequent lines refer directly to the survey observations as made during the normal course of the survey. The Code 6= allows for in survey Target Height modifications during the normal course of the survey. The Observation line is terminated using the Code 4= such that changes to Seam Identifier and Codes can be incorporated during the normal course of the survey. The SEAM.CODE identifiers can be either combinations of Numeric AND/OR Aplhanumeric codes with checks made back to SURVEY.PAR for Numeric SEAM AND/OR CODE identifier conversions. *5=POINT NO. 7=HORIZONTAL ANGLE 8=VERTICAL ANGLE 9=SLOPE DISTANCE *6=TARGET HT *--4=(SEAM).(CODE) 5=101 7=160.5907 8=89.3724 9=65.045 6=1.350 4=121.001

Example BLOCK FORMAT Geodat_400 File


50=1 51=12/05/91 54=222 2=L206-15 3=-3.95 62=204 21=359.5930 6=1.42 4=PUXT1A 5=101 7=160.5907 8=89.3724 9=65.045 6=1.350 4=121 5=103 7=164.2726 8=91.1617 9=65.126 6=1.350 4=121 5=104 7=162.5747 8=86.4050 9=65.260 6=1.350 4=121 5=105 7=162.5747 8=86.4047 9=65.126 6=1.350 4=121 5=106 7=163.1456 8=89.5251 9=76.126 6=1.350 4=AA 5=107 7=165.3654 8=90.3636 9=76.126 6=1.380 4=AA 5=108 7=165.0411 8=89.2907 9=76.126 6=1.380 4=AA 5=109 7=163.2747 8=87.1947 9=76.126 6=1.380 4=AA 5=110 7=163.2306 8=89.3544 9=83.126 6=1.50 4=207.XX 5=118 7=161.5422 8=89.1630 9=112.000 6=1.35 4=141.1 5=119 7=161.1810 8=89.5020 9=112.000 6=1.35 4=141.1 5=120 7=160.5422 8=89.3850 9=112.000 6=1.35 4=141.1 50=2 51=12/05/91 54=222 2=215 3=-3.95 62=214 21=359.5930 6=1.42 4=207 5=101 7=160.5907 8=89.3724 9=65.045 6=1.350 4=121 5=103 7=164.2726 8=91.1617 9=65.126 6=1.350 4=121 5=104 7=162.5747 8=86.4050 9=65.260 6=1.350 4=121 5=105 7=162.5747 8=86.4047 9=65.126 6=1.350 4=121 5=121 7=161.1810 8=88.0146 9=112.000 6=1.35 4=141.15 5=122 7=162.5020 8=89.5340 9=118.000 6=1.35 4=141.15 5=122 7=162.3850 8=89.4906 9=118.000 6=1.35 4=141.15 5=122 7=162.3850 8=89.4506 9=118.000 6=1.35 4=141.15

BookDetails

5=122 7=162.4118 8=88.1014 9=118.000 6=1.35 4=141.15

Example Line Mode Geodat_400 file


50=111 51=12/05/91 54=222 2=L206-15 3=-3.95 62=204 21=359.5930 6=1.42 4=PUXT1A 5=101 7=160.5907 8=89.3724 9=65.045 6=1.350 4=121 5=103 7=164.2726 8=91.1617 9=65.126 6=1.350 4=121 5=104 7=162.5747 8=86.4050 9=65.260 6=1.350 4=121 5=105 7=162.5747 8=86.4047 9=65.126 6=1.350

BookDetails

4=121 5=106 7=163.1456 8=89.5251 9=76.126 6=1.350 4=AA 5=107 7=165.3654 8=90.3636 9=76.126 6=1.380 4=AA 5=108 7=165.0411 8=89.2907 9=76.126 6=1.380 4=AA 5=109 7=163.2747 8=87.1947 9=76.126 6=1.380 4=AA

Book Details
Objective: To review View Book Details and check the Job Number, Date, Group and Map names for the conversion process. Your screen should look like the picture shown below.

NOTE: The Map and Job Name will initially be set to the first 8 Characters of the Survey Data Recorder File (eg. week1). Surveyors should try to name files sequentially over the year to eliminate overwriting and therefore maintaining consistent naming conventions. The example above consists of the a naming convention for each daily survey as YYMMDD and may be suffixed with A,B,C etc for more than 1 survey in the day. This allows for normal File sorting to always show the files on date of survey irrespective of when they might have been downloaded. The file generated (.SRV) is an ASCII file and as such can be edited using any file editor, care should be taken to ensure the data entered adheres to the field positional requirements of each booking method as described in Survey Data Input and Reduction (Booking methods). In the entry above the software will create a 050615.SRV file ready for any editing and final reduction to XYZ Co-Ordinates. Example 050615.SRV file.

BookDetails

Book Input Edit


Objective: To review the weekly survey (book file) and check for errors and familiarize ourselves with the Book Input/Edit parameter window. Use the Edit button to read in the selected file OR select the book file to be edited, EG. WEEK1.SRV by using the below. button. Your screen should look like the picture shown

Task: Delete the first observation line where dist=0 using the F6 key. Investigate the rest of the file and try using the other control keys F5, F6 and F7.

Remember to Save the file if you have made any edits.


The Book Input/Edit function can also be used to enter data manually for a number of booking methods in See Survey Data Input - Booking Methods for more detailed explanation. In summary these are: 1. 3 wire stadia. 2. Modified stadia (centre hair and staff intercept x 100). 3. Self reducing tachometer. 4. No longer supported. 5. Standard EDM radiations (slope distance, vertical angle, horizontal angle).

6. Modified EDM radiations (horizontal distance, vertical intercept and horizontal angle). 7. Centreline and offset format. The file generated (.SRV) is an ASCII file and as such can be edited using any file editor, care should be taken to ensure the data entered adheres to the field positional requirements of each booking method as described in Survey Data Input and Reduction (Booking methods).

Book Reduction
Data Reduction
Use the NEXT button to reduce the Book or SURVEY (.SRV) files to the .XYZ equivalent.

After the Reduction process the XYZ file is displayed as below.

The reduced observations are shown in the scroll window. Expand the window and check the reduction report for errors. Use the slide bar button to slide the report up and down. Check the coordinates and levels, if you want a report file of the reduced data, repeat the steps above but click the Report option ON . This report file will be automatically generated at the end of the reduction phase and stored in the Project Directory. Congratulations you have just reduced this weeks survey. We are now ready to setup the Survey Parameters and "catalogue" this data into the geometry file.

Survey Parameter File


Survey.par File

After you have checked the reduced observation click the Next button to display the Default Survey Line Type, Style and String Colour Parameters from Survey.par.

The Minex default Survey.par file is stored in the MINEX5.Vn#\etc directory and should be copied to your Project Directory to avoid loosing any customized parameter when MINEX software is updated.

Editing Survey.par
As part of the Survey Operations Menu the Survey.par file may be edited using the Edit Survey.par option as shown below.

Select the Edit Survey.par option.

The object of field coding is to facilitate the easiest conversion of naming conventions in the pit to recognisable codes back at the office. Various facilities are available within the field coding to identify specific string types, identifiers, line codes, thickness, symbols and what pen colours to use. Examples of these are shown above in the SURVEY.PAR default. DEFAULT parameters have already been set up for this training session however site specific codes should be set up in your working area for future use of the survey module. Take a moment to understand these: Code .................string number & code as coded in the field. Ident..Changes the Field Code to this value for the String Identifier DataType...........data type (RAND - Spot height, DISC - Discontinuity)

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Colour............String pen colour. Line Type..........Type of line display (Full line, dotted lines etc). Line Thickness..Thickness of line display. Line Symbol......Type of Symbol displayed at each string point (eg + * x O etc). In WEEK1.SRV there are 4 strings. Each string has been given a code, data type, pen number and line code. The GROUP/MAP & IDENT of your Reduced Survey File have already been set at the Book Details Step (3) as you continued with the Survey Import Wizard. If you wish to change these simply use the Back> option to step back to Step 3 and change the names accordingly. REMEMBER to Save your Book file after you reedit out the 0 distance line in WEEK1 and continue Next> until you reach the Line Type, Style and Colour Parameters window above. Go back to Book Details The Finish button will catalogue the reduced XYZ file into to your active Primary Geometry File.

The Geometry File


The geometry file is used to store, edit and display all survey string data. The data category for survey strings is Structure under which various types of strings are used to distinguish them from others. The Group and Map names and the string identifiers (Ident) are used to select specific data types or layers within the geometry file either for editing or triangulation. It is important to note that string names and storage areas are the basis by which the viewing and editing functions operate. Site specific naming conventions and output requirements should be discussed such that all site disciplines (Survey, Geology and Mining) are able to access the survey data easily and readily recognize naming conventions.

Group/Map/Ident Structure Data Parameters

As well as having a string code the string data can be further layered using an 8 character identifier, such that tops and toes can be separated visually by colour and line types as well as optionally being stored separately using various identifiers.

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GPS Import Export


GPS Import
The objective in this section is to access a GPS Survey file, and import the string data into the MINEX Geometry File.

The Import GPS Strings menu is displayed after selecting the appropriate option under the Survey Options in MINEX5:

Use the File Chooser

to select your GPS Input file

After selecting the GPS Input File your GPS Import menu should look like the one below.

NOTE the use of SURVEY.PAR and the automatic entry of the Map name from the first 8 Characters of the file name. Also of importance is the Valid Line parameter and the Valid Line Code 08KI. This is used by the software to ONLY read lines in the GPS file where this code exists, starting at column 1 This setting is critical in eliminating any extraneous data from the file.

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The use of the SURVEY.PAR file allows the Surveyor to access all the Field Coding parameters previously setup to ensure the correct colours and identification parameters are consistent with those used in the field.

Example Survey.par with header data used as default for the respective columns in the GPS Input file

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Example GPS Input file showing relationship with Survey.par 00NMSDR33 V04-03 10NMDOWNLOAD 08-APR-02 03:32 111111 121111

123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 10 08KIBASE 08KI1000 08KI1001 08KI1002 08KI1003 08KI1004 08KI1005 20 30 40 309263.877 306571.860 306570.404 306567.307 306565.785 306562.087 306562.199 50 79.836 29.045 29.321 29.631 29.533 29.689 29.702 60 BASE WHR WHR WHR WHR WHR WHR

1387979.896 1386607.059 1386617.402 1386627.492 1386637.930 1386651.248 1386666.277

Alternatively the SURVEY.PAR file can be bypassed and the fields filled in manually remember to set the Valid Line Start column and the Valid Code.

Finally set the Map Name to your choice (Group is Optional) and use the Default Parameters to cover any file differences.

Use the OK button to start the Import. Check the report to make sure the co-ordinates have been correctly read.

GPS Export
This option is used to take design data from the 3D Design Window in MINEX 5 and create a GPS Setout file for uploading to the GPS Instrument for subsequent use in the field. Activate the GPS Export window by choosing the option from the Survey Menu.

Type in an appropriate file name at the SDR File name field and select the Folder where you want this file stored. It may be preferable to Use Point Prefix to distinguish between different lines to be setout however this is optional. Now use the Digitize Points button and proceed to digitize those points you require to be recorded in the GPS Export file. Activate the generation of the File by using the OK button.

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Upload
The procedure for Uploading survey data to a GPS Data Recorder pre-supposes that the Communications have been set under the MINEX5 -. Tools -> Options as shown below.

Make sure both the Properties and Expert settings have been set correctly before attempting this option.

NOTE: It is critical that these parameters match the communication parameters of the Survey Instrument before the Upload facility is used. The Upload will give an error if these are not set correctly and will eventually timeout if there are problems with the communication process.
Simply Access the GPS Export file previously created in the GPS Export Menu and proceed to Upload. The software will return to normal runtime mode after the file has been successfully uploaded.

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Triangulation & Volumetrics


Triangulations Volumeterics

Triangulations
To compute triangle use Triangle - Compute Compute. The computation will be on only the data selected in the Setup MapData window.

Task: Compute triangle of selected data. Open up the Triangle menu and hit the Compute button -- The menu above will be displayed The standard defaults are generally acceptable however you may "save" some other parameters for future reference.

NOTE: Where practical a Boundary should be created around the extremity of the data and the Clip on Boundary option used to eliminate any long external triangles during the triangulation process. The triangulation process will commence after the "OK" button is used. Information regarding the data being triangulated will be reported in the Output Window showing number of points, crossing line errors and any boundaries found. NOTE: The triangulation process uses all Topo and Structure lines in the Plot Geometry Data window, so always check your Layers before triangulation. Use the Exclude option to exclude layers not wanted in the Triangulation process. The triangle is normally displayed as a 3D Solid BUT will depend on the previous MODE any triangle was plotted with.

Volumetrics
Volumes may be computed several ways. Refer diagrams below.

Triangle to Elevation - uses a triangle and a specified datum level.

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Tria/Tria - common area - use the two selected triangles and reports volumes only over the area where the two are common.

Tria/Tria Bench-Elevation - uses the two selected triangles and reports volumes between both by joining the ends.

Select the 2 Triangle sets representing each Monthly survey AND Compute volume between the new triangle and the original. Note: Volume should be approximately 228,000 m3. The above procedures are routine tasks that will be performed regularly by a surveyor and therefore should be fully understood. Practice using different Map data and then perform the volume calculations for each pair of triangles. As each "weekly" survey has been patched into the Map Data, try volume calculations using the Area Select function for various digitized mask combinations.

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Display & Plotting


Objective:

Object: To display a contour plot of the surveyed area. Note:


Map Data may not be contoured, only grids and triangles. Triangles may be viewed as solids, lines and contours. Solids and lines have already been covered in the MINEX5 Getting Started. We will deal with contours here. After selecting the Triangle options, use the Triangle Display button is then pressed which opens up the following screen:

There are two contouring options available Single Contour and All Contours. The Single Contour option allows plotting of only one contour for which you specify the elevation. (Only one contour may be displayed at any one time). The All Contours option allows plotting of all contours over the triangle surface. The contour parameters must first be set-up before plotting occurs. This parameter screen is similar to the Grid Contour Parameter window as shown below.

Setup the parameters in the Triangulation Setup Contour Parameters Menu and then OK, then select the OK button on the Triangle Display Menu. Your screen should look like this:

Annotate Survey Stations


The objective in this section is to access a Survey Station file, and display them in the 3D Design Window..

Firstly it is necessary to access the Stations file in this case STATION.STN. Now EITHER Plot All Stations OR Use the Select Stations button to fill in the Stations scroll field. Symbol type and Annotation Control Parameters for the size angle and type of data to be plotted completes the window. Use the OK button to Plot the Stations.

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