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3 April2008
TableofContents
Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 3 Requirements ........................................................................................................................... 3 Objectives................................................................................................................................. 4 Storing Seam Data in the Borehole Database ...................................................................... 5 Graphical Seam Input ............................................................................................................ 12 Validating Seam Intervals ..................................................................................................... 18 Seam Data Report .................................................................................................................. 19 Plotting seam correlation lines on borehole cross sections ............................................ 21 Collecting and Storing Seam Mapping Data ....................................................................... 22 Using 3D Sirovision Images to Input Seam Data ............................................................... 22 Importing and Displaying a 3D Sirovision Image ............................................................... 22 Digitising Seam Boundaries on a 3D Sirovision Image ..................................................... 24 Summary ................................................................................................................................ 25
Introduction
Introduction
Seam data can be in the form of borehole seam intervals and mapping data stored as strings and points in the geometry file. Borehole seam intervals are stored in the .B33 database file separate from the downhole sampling and geological logging data. They may be interpreted from borehole sampling information and added to the database at any time. These borehole seam intercepts may be used for reporting, plotting and correlating to form a bore seam model. Seams or layers that are interpreted are then entered into a seam sequence list (stored in the .B35 file) which defines them in stratigraphic order. These are also assigned flags which define them as COAL or WASTE material, a default density, a pen number used for graphics display and a related seam if a relationship exists.
Requirements
For this tutorial you will need: To have a basic understanding of the Minex borehole database with the ability to create a new borehole database. To understand the concept of gridded seam modelling used to model coal seams in Minex. The following files are required for this tutorial: ASHES.B31, ASHES.B32 and ASHES.B34 borehole database files the borehole database created in the Tutorial Loading Sampling Data into the Borehole Database. ASHES_INPUT_PICKS.csv LITHOLOG.SYM borehole geological symbols file LITHOLOG.DIC borehole geological dictionary file SYMBOLS.PAR colour and line patterns symbol file ASHES_HIGHWALL40_3D_Image.tif 3D Sirovision image of highwall geology ASHES.mpf parameter file THEDON.GM3 geometry file
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Objectives
To set the following local origin for this dataset, 1. Choose Tools > Options > Local Origin.
2.
Click Ok.
Objectives
From this tutorial you will learn to: Create a seam/layer sequence (*.B35) file Interpret seam intervals interactively from a section showing sample data Load and validate a seam interval data file Run a stratigraphic check and correct any errors Plot borehole data and seam intervals with seam correlation lines on cross section Import a 3D Sirovision image of a highwall Digitise seam boundary data using the 3D Sirovision image and store the data in the geometry file to be used later in seam gridding.
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BOREID BNBG1 BNBG1 BNBG1 BNBG1 BNBG1 BNBG1 BNBG1 BNBG1 BNBG1 BNBG1 BNBG1 BNBG1 BNBG1 BNBG2 BNBG2 BNBG2
FROM 74.28 75.966 210.684 211.714 283.764 289.332 304.116 323.292 324.888 338.496 341.448 359.496 375.852 22.164 43.92 56.7
TO 75.966 77.652 211.714 213.468 286.704 291.324 306.06 323.964 325.836 340.956 342.36 361.488 378.264 25.068 45.6 57.756
SEAM NAME SW1 SW2 ABU ABL ST DL UGB MGB1 MGB2 ULGB LLGB UDB LDB LDB WGG1 WGG2
The SEAM CLASS number is set to 1 when preliminary seam intervals are Input. The seam class number will be discussed later.
WGG2
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To create a Seam/Layer Sequence List in Minex as a framework for the .B35 file: 1. Choose BoreholeDB > File > Edit > Create/Edit Seam Sequence. In the Seam code column enter the seam sequence you obtained from the .A33 text file. 2. Press F7 to copy lines.
3. Leave the Father code field blank and tick the Father From Seam check box. When you save the list, the software will assign the Seam code to the Father code. The Material code field gives the type of material within that seam e.g. COAL, WASTE, ORE etc. All the seams you will be entering are coal seams. 4. 5. In the Density field column add the default density of coal to 1.4. Choose colours based on the seam groupings so you can visually differentiate between seams of different seam groupings.
6. Set the Priority field for all seams to 1. Priority is set for the interpolation phase of the seam modelling. It allows you to set seams with more information to have a greater priority when interpolating seams than those with little data. 7. Leave the Expansion field blank. This field is used as a tool for describing seams or inputting actual seam names. 8. 9. Select the Create Pick File check box. This will create a .B33 file using the seam sequence you have specified. Click Save. You may be prompted by the software if you want to delete the seam picks for the seam(s) you are deleting,
10. Select NO. Go to the Minex Explorer and click on the cross and drill down to the Seam Interval and Stratigraphic Sequence menu. Under the Stratigraphic sequence you will see all the seams you have just entered in the appropriate stratigraphic sequence as shown below.
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You have just set up the .B35 file which stores all the data relating to stratigraphic order, default density, colour, priorities and material, of seams. To save the borehole database, 11. Choose File > Save > Save Borehole DB.
Now check your seam sequence against the following and make any edits required: SW1 SW2 ABU ABL ST UDL DL UGB MGB1 MGB2 ULGB LLGB LLGB1 LLGB2 UDB UDBS LDBS LDB WGG1 WGG2 SW1 SW2 ABU ABL ST DL DL UGB MGB1 MGB2 ULGB LLGB LLGB LLGB UDB UDB LDB LDB WGG WGG COAL 1.40 COAL 1.40 COAL 1.40 COAL 1.40 COAL 1.40 COAL 1.40 COAL 1.40 COAL 1.40 COAL 1.40 COAL 1.40 COAL 1.40 COAL 1.40 COAL 1.40 COAL 1.40 COAL 1.40 COAL 1.40 COAL 1.40 COAL 1.40 COAL 1.40 COAL 1.40 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1WARNE SEAM1 1WARNE SEAM2 1UPPER BORDER SEAM 1LOWER BORDER SEAM 1TENDULKAR SEAM 1UPPER LILLIE SEAM 1LOWER LILLIE SEAM 1UPPER BOYCOTT SEAM 1MIDDLE BOYCOTT 1SEAM 1LOWER BOYCOTT SEAM 1UPPER LOWER BOYCOTT SEAM 1LOWER LOWER BOYCOTT SEAM 1LOWER LOWER BOYCOTT SEAM 1LOWER LOWER BOYCOTT SEAM 1UPPER BRADMAN SEAM 1UPPER BRADMAN SPLIT 1LOWER BRADMAN SPLIT 1LOWER BRADMAN SEAM 1UPPER GRACE SEAM 1LOWER GRACE SEAM
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2.
In the Properties window change the Read Only field from True to False.
Now the Seam Interval file is editable you can load your Seam Interval data into the database. 3. 4. Choose BoreholeDB > Load > Load Seam/Layer ASCII. Select ASHES_INPUT_PICKS.csv from your working directory.
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5.
Click the Create/Edit button to create a Format File, then display the Variable setup tab to see that the .csv file has the correct headers: BOREID, FROM, TO, SEAM CLASS and SEAM NAME:
6.
Click Ok to save the format file and return to the load menu.
This command creates a file called ASHES_INPUT_PICKS.sff and stores it in your nominated working directory.
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You may be prompted to Over write Existing file. 7. Select Overwrite Existing Data or choose Yes. This will avoid duplicating data that may already exist in the database. Leave the remaining window settings as they are. 8. Click Ok to Import Seam/Layer Interval (Pick) Files. The seam load report (see below) will be sent to the Output window:
9.
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3.
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Now access the Seam Input menu 4. Choose BoreholeDB > Edit > Add/Edit Seam Intervals. Ensure the borehole BNBY is selected. 5. Click Pick button to digitise any where in the trace of BNBY50C to select the hole.
From the comparison with hole BNBG23 you can see that the missing seam is ULGB, so 6. Enter <ULGB> in the Seam Name field.
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7.
Click Input Seam Extents button and digitise in the trace of hole BNBY50C the roof and floor points such that the mid point on the sloping sides of the red histogram of the DENLS values are intersected by the cross hairs. The depths should be approximately 27m to 30m depth down the hole.
8. Click Ok. The graphical image will be redrawn with the new pick for ULGB shown and the Update Table in the Seam Input menu will show the composite values for other variables for the new pick in hole BNBY50C.
9.
Now save the borehole database so that the pick is saved in the .B33 database file.
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Missing Seams outside known Intervals - lists the seams which have not been defined above the uppermost known seam pick as well as below the lowermost known seam pick for a borehole. The report obtained from this process will change as further Bore Seam Modelling processes are performed. Therefore, it is recommended that validation should be checked on a regular basis.
2.
======================== Borehole Seam Validation ======================== Barren boreholes ---------------Borehole BBNB0 Borehole BBNB1 Borehole BCNB1 Borehole Borehole Borehole Borehole BNBY92 BNBYC100 BNBYC98 BNBYC99 has no seams defined has no seams defined has no seams defined has has has has no no no no seams seams seams seams defined defined defined defined
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2. 3.
Select the Summary Only and Seam Name options and the seam thickness variable SEAMTH. Click Ok and see the report in the output window. As the example below shows, you can use this report to compile a summary of the input picks for each seam using CTRL+C and CRTL+V into a MS Excel spreadsheet.
========================= Borehole Seam Data Report ========================= -------------------------------Borehole Seam Name Thick ----------------------------------- Seam :UGB : Report ----------------------------------BNBY23 3.12 -------------------------------Mean_Value : 3.12 Max_Value : 3.12 Min_Value : 3.12 No. Samples : 1 ----------------------------------- Seam :MGB1 : Report ----------------------------------BNBY23 1.08 BNBY50C 0.23 -------------------------------Mean_Value : 0.66 Max_Value : 1.08 Min_Value : 0.23 No. Samples : 2 --------------------------------
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SEAM SW1 SW2 ABU ABL ST UDL DL UGB MGB1 MGB2 ULGB LLGB LLGB1 LLGB2 UDB UDBS LDBS LDB WGG1 WGG2 Total
Av. SEAMTH 3.16 3.22 0.94 1.77 2.68 0.68 2.04 2.65 0.96 1.11 2.52 1.14 0.54 0.5 1.72 1.25 1.06 2.89 1.13 0.85
From this seam summary you can see some important aspects of the seam correlation for the deposit such as the abundant picks for seams ULGB (83), UDB (100) and LDB (98), whilst UDL has only 9 picks.
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Then in the Save Tif as Triangle menu name the .TR5 and .TRN registration files to be saved.
3.
Click Ok.
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To view the image in the 3D Design window you may have to delete other objects and reset the 3D area. Then drag and drop the .trn file ASHES_HIGHWALL40_3D_Image.trn into the 3D design window and reset the 3D area to view the highwall image. To locate the position of the image you can plot boreholes.
Hint: To be able to rotate the highwall image easily, digitise the centre of rotation by clicking on the image using the snap to solid option.
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Each imported Sirovision creates a triangle surface and it is this triangle surface that you will use to digitise seam boundaries. Make sure then that you are in Snap to point mode before you start digitising and that you have selected the appropriate map (SEAMS) and ident name (UTBSF).
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Summary
Summary
You should now be familiar with the way seam intervals are loaded and stored in the borehole database. You are now ready to progress to the next tutorial Modelling Topography and Weathering. You have learned how to: Create a seam/layer sequence (.B35) file Format the seam interval (.A33) data file Load and validate the seam interval data Input seam interval data interactively by screen digitising on a profile plot Run a stratigraphic check and correct any errors Report a seam thickness summary showing average thickness and number of picks for each seam. Plot borehole data and seam intervals with seam correlation lines on cross section. Digitise seam boundary data using a 3D Sirovision image of a highwall and store the data in the geometry file to be used later in seam gridding.
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