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INSTITUTE OF FOLKLORE MARKO CEPENKOV - SKOPJE

Special Editions Volume 49

Bone Velikovski MACEDONIAN-ENGLISH AND ENGLISH-MACEDONIAN PARALLELS OF EQUIVALENT PROVERBS

Skopje, 2002

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DEL I/PART I

MAKEDONSKO-ANGLISKI POSLOVI^NI PARALELI MACEDONIAN-ENGLISH PARALLELS OF EQUIVALENT PROVERBS

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So objavuvaweto na ovaa kniga imav namera da i' priop{tam na nau~nata i po{irokata javnost trud so poslovici na makedonski i angliski jazik. Posebno se nadevam deka so nejzinoto publikuvawe }e mo`e da otpo~ne edna skromna sorabotka so stru~wacite od oblasta na poslovi~arstvoto od razli~ni zemji na svetot. Minatite nekolku godini uspeav da sporedam pove}e od dve iljadi makedonski tradicionalni poslovici na tema vistina, pravda, solidarnost, doblest, qubov, kako i na neomilenite, no za `al neodminlivi temi kako {to se lagata, omrazata, zavista itn., koi imaat ekvivalentna ili identi~na srodnost so onie na angliski jazik. Se nadevam deka vo dobar del od niv e ostvarena respektivnata prezentacija pred ~itatelite i eventualnite korisnici. Za angliskata verzija koja korespondira so makedonskiot korpus se pronajdeni sli~nite ili istite poslovici za istite ~ove~ki doblesti, mani i sostojbi. Trudot e zamislen kako mal pridones vo koj bi se promoviral duhot na univerzalnosta, so cel da se poka`e deka kaj razli~nite civilizacii i nacionalnite kulturi postojat zaedni~ki i istovetni vrednosti. So toa istovremeno se potvrduva poznatata teza na humanistite za potrebata od sorabotka me|u narodite, istaknuvaj}i ja po kojznae koj pat premisata deka vo razli~ni op{testva, od onie {to se najblisku do prirodata pa se' do najrazvienite, nasekade vo svetot nu`no e da se zboruva vistinata, da se bide hrabar, da im se pomaga na nemo}nite, da se bide velikodu{en i dobar, a da se bide zol i da im se nanesuvaat povredi i navredi na drugite, da se krade i da se bide sebi~en ne se doblesti {to bi trebalo da se na cena vo ovie vremiwa na krupni promeni {to so golema brzina se slu~uvaat na globalen plan. Ostanuvam so uverenieto deka vakviot potfat }e naide na odek vo naporite, veruvam ne naprazno, da i' se zastane na patot na moralnata relativnost so {to }e se podobri humanisti~kiot stav za univerzalnata dimenzija na se~ija tatkovina oddelno. So na~inot na koj e prezentiran materijalot bi se poka`alo deka sekoj narod budno ja ~uva i se gri`i za svojata obi~ajna, moralna i jazi~na tradiciska osobenost i deka toa e vo soobraznost so nastojuvawata na drugite narodi, za{to na{ite kulturni pridobivki so vekovi i' pripa|aat na istata civilizaciska tradicija. Humanisti~kite, moralnite vrednosti se nao|aat vo civilizaciskoto nasledstvo na sekoj narod. Duhot na univerzalnosta e vsaden vo rodnokrajnosta na site narodi.

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Site nie u~estvuvame vo nasledstvoto koe im pripa|a na mnogu nacii na svetot, a go spodeluva i cela Evropa ~ij del sme i nie. Se razbira, site lu|e ne sekoga{ se dr`at do istite zaedni~ki vrednosti. No bitno e da se znae deka lu|eto se svesni za toa deka sekoja civilizacija }e se raspadne vo slu~aj koga poro~noto, la`noto stanuva pravilo na odnesuvawe. Istata taa Evropa, pa taka i nie, nastojuvame da vostanovime stabilni moralni vrednosti kako i da imame seriozni i silni li~nosti, koi ne samo so zborovi tuku i so dela, }e pobudat nade` vo eden svet vo koj }e vladeat moralni vrednosti vo koi radikalno }e bidat otstraneti pri~inite za otstustvoto na ~ove~koto dostoinstvo, tolku devalvirano i svedeno na negovata re~isi totalna negacija, da zavladee pravoto so koe }e bide garantirano postoeweto na vistinski ~ove~ki i human `ivot. 1 U{te edna{, ovoj obid da se pretstavi samo del od makedonskoto tradicionalno duhovno bogatstvo, vo koe nedvosmisleno se povtoruva i varira lajtmotivot za ~ove~nosta, }e bide skromen prilog kon progresivnite dvi`ewa {to ne' motiviraat na{ata egzistencija da se obideme da ja izdigneme na edno pohumano nivo.

Komparatisti~kite aspekti i metodskiot pluralizam vo paremiolo{kite istra`uvawa

Za oblasta na paremiologijata, kako i za drugite oblasti od folkloristikata voop{to, se nametnuva i pra{aweto za zna~eweto na komparatizmot vo naukata, a za usnata literatura posebno, ~ija cel e odgovorot na slednite nepoznati: kako, so koja namera i na koj na~in so taa postapka mo`e da se sogleda slo`enata problematika na paremiologijata, odnosno, {to mo`e pri istra`uvawata da se sogleda, a {to da se previdi. Najpogodna po~va za komparativnite istra`uvawa i teorijata na varijantite, osven proznite oblici na usnata narodna kni`evnost so svojata {iroko razviena i interesna raska`uva~ka motivika i tematika, pretstavuvaat i paremiolo{kite formi. 2 Komparatizmot, i kako metoda i kako koncepcija, na podra~jeto na paremiolo{kite istra`uvawa seu{te ne go postignal zaslu`enoto mesto koe{to ve}e dominantno se nametnal kako edinstven nau~no meritoren na~in na isBoica Sedli}, Lijepa lijepu donosi : Rjenik poslovica na dvadeset razliitih europskih jezika, Zagreb, Matica Hrvatska, 2001. 2 Tvrtko ^ubeli}, Povijest i historija usmene narodne knji`evnosti: Historijske i literarno-teorijske osnove te genolo{ki aspekti - Analiti~ko-sintet~ki pogledi, Zagreb, 1988, str. 188-196.
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tra`uvawe vo ostanatite `anrovi na narodnata literatura, kako so svoite zna~ajni taka i zavidni rezultati, ne samo vo visoko razvienite anglosaksonski nau~ni institucii, tuku i vo istra`uva~kite centri na slednite dr`avi koi se poznati po nesomneniot pridones vo folkloristikata: Ruskata Federacija, Estonija, Latvija, Letonija i, sekako, Finska. Poa|aj}i od pove}epati potvrdenata logi~ka premisa deka pome|u predmetot na prou~uvawe i negovata metodska obrabotka mora da postojat vnatre{ni i relevantni logi~ki korelacii, za prisustvoto na komparativniot aspekt na podra~jeto na paremiolo{kite formi ima opravdani pri~ini, {to e usloveno od: 1) slo`enosta na paremiolo{kata gra|a kako po jazi~niot karakter, formalno-poetskiot, kulturno-istoriskiot, literarno-istoriskiot i nacionalno-istoriskiot karakter i 2) raznovidnite vlijanija od pobliskite i podale~enite kulturi. Vo pojavata, kontinuitetot i opstojuvaweto na paremiologijata, pokraj mnogu va`nite komponenti na motivite, temite i samata proverbijalna gra|a, deluvaat i drugi zna~ajni i presudni faktori. Paremiolo{kite oblici se slo`eni proizvodi na umot koi go pretpostavuvaat postoeweto na cela niza ~initeli pred nivnata pojava, cela serija komponenti vo procesot na nivniot postanok i oblikuvawe. Iako naslovot go najavuva komparativniot aspekt vo istra`uvaweto na poslovicite na respektivnite jazici, makedonskiot i angliskiot, toj ne e i ekskluzivniot priod na prou~uvawe, bidej}i problemot na paremiologijata vo svojata su{tina e problem na interdisciplinarnite vidovi, na raznorodnite metodolo{ki priodi i ne e mo`no da se ostane vo ramkite na op{tite etnolo{ki koncepcii, a so toa i na nejzinite komparativni ispituvawa bez da postoi obid uspe{no da se re{ava problematikata na narodnite poslovici i pogovorki, koja{to pretstavuva samo eden mal del od delokrugot na etnolo{kite problemi. So toa se otvara moderniot problem na metodolo{kiot pluralizam, bidej}i se' pove}e stanuva izrazena potrebata od poinakov metodolo{ki priod vo prou~uvaweto na preostanatite problemi. Samo edna edinstvena metodska obrabotka vodi kon ednostranost i o~igledno kon necelosni zaklu~oci. Na takov na~in, zna~itelno se stesnuva osoznavaweto na odreden kni`even fenomen vo negovata polnova`nost i slo`enost. Sepak, potrebata od komparativni prou~uvawa na paremiolo{kite formi e rakovodena od mo`nosta za proniknuvawe vo nekoi skrieni elementi na narodnite poslovici, pogovorki i sli~ni paremiolo{ki oblici do ~ie otkrivawe ne bi mo`elo da se dojde so nikakvi op{ti studii nitu so prou~uvawe na regionalnite i nacionalnite proverbijalni korpusi: na primerot na edna poslovica ili pogovorka i nejzinoto {irewe niz vekovite i kontinentite, vo site aspekti na nejzi-

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nite sitni, naizgled bezna~ajni, a navistina mnogu karakteristi~ni izmeni koi{to nastanale vo tekot na pove}evekovnite vrski me|u narodite i nivniot istoriski razvoj, mo`e da se po~uvstvuva vistinskiot puls na folklornoto kni`evno tvore{tvo. Tokmu na toj primer mo`e da se nabljuduva kako se kr{at ramkite na tesniot nacionalen egocentrizam koj{to sekoja folklorna tvorba ja gleda kako iskonski proizvod na svojot sopstven nacionalen genij, pri koj{to do{le do izraz i onie sekoga{ vitalni tvore~ki pridonesi, {to sekoj narod oddelno na poseben na~in gi vnesuva vo oblikuvaweto na me|unarodnata folklorna tradicija. Zna~i, od celokupiot korpus na makedonskoto narodno tvore{tvo, eden zna~aen negov del go so~inuva i poslovi~noto tvore{tvo. No toa mu e malku poznato ili sosema nepoznato na ostanatiot svet. Za da se izleze od takvata zatvorenost treba da se iskoristi momentumot koga {iroko ni' se otvoreni vratite vo ova vreme na globalni slu~uvawa, koi{to predizvikuvaat i neizbe`ni promeni na po{irok plan. Zapoznavaweto na ostanatiot svet so na{eto poslovi~no bogatstvo e ostvarlivo preku negovoto pretstavuvawe na angliski jazik, kako edna od direktnite mo`nosti za neposredna afirmacija vo svetot, bidej}i zna~eweto na ovoj svetski jazik kako svoevidna lingua franca vo svetski ramki e pove}e od o~igledno. Selektiraniot korpus na makedonski poslovici so adekvatnite angliski ekvivalenti e podreden azbu~no, odnosno abecedno, a sekoja poslovica ili grozd od poslovici nosi soodveten reden broj zaradi nivno polesno nao|awe, potpomognato od prilo`enite indeksi. Prevodot ne e striktna verbalna interpretacija, zatoa {to poslovicata mo`e da ja prenesuva istata poraka so drugi zborovi, {to zna~i deka treba da go sodr`i nejzinoto to~no zna~ewe.

Za osobenosta na makedonskite poslovici

Ograni~eni na usnoto izrazuvawe i kolektivnoto pomnewe, Makedoncite uspeale da so~uvaat zna~itelen del od svoite tradicionalni poslovici, pogovorki i frazeolo{ki izrazi koi{to glavno se odnesuvaat na nekoi pojavi, predmeti i situacii koi{to pak, od svoja strana, odigrale va`na i odlu~uva~ka uloga vo nivniot na~in na `iveewe. Bidej}i poslovicite i poslovi~ni izrazi pretstavuvaat va`en del od makedonskoto folklorno nasledstvo, mojata cel be{e da navedam nekoi pozabele`itelni poslovi~ni primeri koi se koristat denes i koi{to slobodno mo`at da vlezat vo eden relevanten paremiolo{ki korpus.

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Bidej}i poslovicite se folkloren `anr, tie prvenstveno cirkuliraat me|u narodot po usten pat, pa ottuka ovoj potfat bi trebalo da se nabljuduva vo sklad so nekoi porane{ni opservacii koi{to go postuliraat postoeweto na razli~ni analiti~ki ramni{ta na folklornite pojavi, vklu~uvaj}i gi i nivoata na "tekstot" i " teksturata" na specifi~niot op{testven, socijalen i interakciski "kontekst". Nemo`no e da se odredi opsegot na zna~eweto na poslovicata bez da se povikame na kontekstualnite faktori. Takvata situacija uslovuva upotrebata na poslovicata da zavisi od dva razli~ni tesno povrzani procesa, imeno: 1) Procesot koj{to ja povrzuva proverbijalnata situacija za kontekstualnata situacija i 2) ^inot na govoreweto so primena na poslovicata vo interakciska situacija. Se ~ini deka vrz osnova na ovaa {ema, mo`e da se diferencira konceptot na funkcijata na poslovicata kako folkloren `anr, koja{to, vsu{nost se analizira na razli~ni na~ini pri istra`uvaweto na poslovicite.

Za poimot na poslovi~nite tipovi

Sega nekolku op{ti zabele{ki vo vrska so problemite za poslovi~nite tipovi i kompilacijata na tekstovite za nau~no prezentirawe na zbirkite so poslovici, za sistematizacijata na nacionalnite korpusi na poslovici, za istra`uva~ite i nivnite metodi, za varijantite i razvojot na nivnata op{testvena sodr`ina i umetni~ki formi, kako i za paremiolozite koi se zanimavaat so komparativnoto istra`uvawe na poslovicite. Vsu{nost, terminot 'poslovi~en tip' retko se sre}ava vo paremiolo{kata literatura, a u{te poretko se rasprava za negovata sodr`ina, iako niz prou~uvawata na klasifikatorite na narodnite prikazni ili drugite folklorni `anrovi, ne e te{ko toj da se definira. Se raboti za set od nacionalni varijanti (na me|unarodno nivo stanuva zbor za pove}ejazi~ni ekvivalenti) na edna odredena poslovica. 3 Vo tekstovite do poslovici podatocite od nekolku ramni{ta ~esto se isprepletuvaat, povtoruvaat ili se sovpa|aat na izvesen na~in, od edna, ili pak se oddale~uvaat i se razvivaat vo oddelni nasoki, od
3 Setot se podrazbira uslovno, bidej}i e apsolutno nemo`no da se opfatat site porane{ni i sega{ni zapisi na poslovici i slu~aite koga tie se koristele vo pi{ana forma. Koga se sistematiziraat poslovicite i se vr{i kompilacija od fundamentalni izdanija, obi~no se koristat raspolo`ivite tekstovi od rakopisnite zbirki i najva`nite objaveni izvori.

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druga strana. Poradi toa, voop{to ne e lesno da se ima jasen uvid vo toa kako mo`e da se odredi krajot na edna poslovica i po~etokot na druga. Pri klasifikacijata na poslovicite i nivnoto podreduvawe za sistematizirano publikuvawe, mo`e da se primenat najrazli~ni postapki. Mo`e da se sretnat kontradiktornosti vo teoretskite prou~uvawa, odnosno pri samata sistematizacija na tekstovite, vo vovednite zabele{ki pri objavuvaweto na poslovicite i vo posebnite trudovi za niv. Vo nekoi pozna~ajni studii, paremiolozite ve}e se osvrnale na problemot za poslovi~niot tip i toa do izvesen stepen, za sistematiziraweto na poslovicite, vo glavni crti, za avtorskata koncepcija na tipot kako i za mo`nostite za klasifikacija na poslovicite. Poznatiot amerikanski paremiolog Ar~er Tejlor e prviot {to go vovel terminot 'poslovi~en tip'. Vo negovata kniga Za poslovicata, 4 objavena vo 1931 godina, koja{to do`ivea {iroko me|unarodno priznanie, toj se zanimava so poslovicite kako me|unarodna pojava od razli~ni aspekti, koristej}i primeri od angliski, germanski, latinski i francuski dela. Osvrnuvaj}i se na poslovicata kako sopstvenost na pove}e nacionalni kulturi, toj ekvivalentite od edna ista izreka izrazena na eden odreden jazik ili na nekolku jazici gi narekuva 'varijanti' na poslovicata, dodeka setot na varijantite go imenuva kako 'tip'. Diskutiraj}i za na~inite na varijacijata, Tejlor uka`uva na raznoobraznosta na nekoi specifi~ni detali i na glavnite osobenosti na poslovicite, kako i na vol{ebnite prikazni, baladite ili drugite folklorni vidovi. Tie se povrzani so nivnite sli~nosti, izrekite se pro{ireni bilo so udvojuvawe na analogiite ili so dodavawe na kontrastivni elementi ili so promena na zastarenite i nerazbirlivi detali. Finskiot paremiolog Mati Kuusi ja podvlekuva va`nosta od monografski analizi na oddelni, reprezentativni poslovici vo 1957 godina, a poslovicata ja nabljuduva kako set od varijanti, zapi{ani na razli~ni mesta i vo razli~ni vremenski periodi. Toj go svrtel svoeto vnimanie vrz grupite varijanti, koi{to se javuvaat kako primarni i sekundarni. 5 Analizata i sporedbata na ekvivalentite, spored Kuusi, mo`e da pomogne vo re{avaweto na problemite svrzani so potekloto na pretstavata, evolucijata i op{testvenite funkcii na poslovicata. Vo 1965 godina toj ja iznesuva idejata za indeks na tipovi na me|unarodni poslovici, 6 a vo 1966 godina toj gi predlo`uva glavnite kriteriumi i termini za analiza na strukturata na poslovicata. 7 Toj gi istaknuva
Archer Taylor, The Proverb, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1931. Matti Kuusi, Parmiologische Betrachtungen, FF Communications, no. 172: 1-52, Helsinki, 1957, pp. 47-48. 6 Matti Kuusi, "Suum cuique", Proverbium, no. 1, Helsinki, 1965, pp. 11-14. 7 Matti Kuusi, "Ein Vorschlag fr die Terminologie der parmiologischen Strukturanalyse", Proverbium, no. 5, Helsinki, 1966, pp. 97-104.
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komponentite {to ja opredeluvaat poslovicata na tri nivoa, a toa se: 1) idejata, 2) strukturata 8 i 3) jadroto. Kuusi se povikuva na tekstovite na razli~ni narodi kade{to idejata i jadroto koincidiraat kako varijanti na edna ista poslovica. Tekstovite povrzani so zaedni~kata ideja i struktura predlaga da se vikaat ekvistrukturalni sinonimni poslovici; tekstovite so ista struktura i so isto jadro vo porakata, no koi{to izrazuvaat razli~na ideja, bi mo`ele da se nare~at kongruentni ili sli~ni poslovici. Vo trudot toj se osvrnuva i na na~inite na razvojot na varijantite vo koi se inkorporirani dopolnitelni motivi, kontaminativni poslovici, a se opi{ani i kompleksnite poslovici. Isto taka, toj poka`uva deka vo varijantite nekoi elementi se komparativno stabilni, dodeka drugi se podvi`ni. Istovremeno se javuvaat redica teoretski studii i pra{awa vo vrska so tekstovite, obiduvaj}i se da gi objasnat i prakti~no poka`at mo`nostite za sistematizirawe na poslovicite. Sovetskiot paremiolog Grigorij Permjakov eksperimentira vrz teorijata na klasifikacijata, Kuusi gi izlo`uva svoite proekti za indeksot na tipovi na me|unarodni poslovici, a nekoi polemi~ni opservacii se objavuvaat od estonskiot folklorist Arvo Krikman i latviskiot paremiolog Elza Kokare. Pri klasificiraweto na poslovicite na razli~ni narodi, Permjakov ne obrnuva vnimanie na toa dali se internacionalni ili ne. Toj gi grupira ruskite prevodi na poslovicite na isto~nite narodi spored logi~ko-semioti~kite karakteristiki koi, pokraj drugoto, nastojuva da se sovpadnat so t.n. relevantni parovi. Analiziraj}i gi raznite aspekti na stroe`ot na poslovicite kako znaci na soodvetni situacii ili me|uzavisnosti na predmetite, 9 Permjakov ja primenuva svojata sopstvena {ema koja se temeli na Bregeloviot trud "Poslovici i poslovi~ni izrazi na isto~nite narodi" 10 i na razni drugi tekstualni primeri. Vo negoviot sistem se izdeferencirani ~etiri klasi na situacii ili situaciski invarijanti, vklu~uvaj}i gi postoe~kite i mo`ni na~ini na generalizacija izrazeni vo vid na poslovica. Podeluvaj}i go materijalot na dva dela, Permjakov gi pretstavuva tekstovite vo dva oddela vo negovoto posledno izdanie na poslovicite i poslovi~nite izrazi na isto~nite narodi. Obrazuvanite grupi go so~inuvaat prviot oddel. Negovata su{tina e opi{ana vo podnaslovot:
8 S. Neumann predlaga terminot 'struktura" {to go koristi Kuusi, zemaj}i gi predvid sintaksi~kite formi na re~enicata da se zameni so zborot 'formula', "Zur Terminologie der parmiologischen Strukturanalyse", Proverbium, no. 6, Helsinki, 1966, p.130. 9 Grigori Permkov, Poslovic i pogovorki narodov Vostoka, Moskva, 1979, str. 17. 10 "Proverbs and Proverbial Phrases of Oriental Nations", In: Poslovic i pogovorki narodov Vostoka, Somr. by Yu. Bregel, Moscow, 1971.

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"Poslovici i poslovi~ni izrazi na isto~nite narodi, podredeni spored vidot na vnatre{nite vrski {to postojat me|u ne{tata, so pomo{ na logi~kata transformacija". Vo vtoriot oddel tekstovite se podeleni na predmetni grupi, a pomalite oddeli vo dvata dela se izrazeni niz metatekstovi. Kuusi go kritikuva sistemot na Permjakov, objavuvaj}i gi svoite sopstveni proekti za indeksot na tipovi na internacionalni poslovici. Toj istaknuva deka i heterogenite poslovici spa|aat vo tipovite opfateni od Permjakoviot sistem 11 i zaklu~uva deka da se pronajde edna dadena poslovica spored ovoj sistem e kako da se bara igla vo plast seno. 12 Vo svoite proekti M. Kuusi ne dava opis na stukturata na celiot planiran indeks (makrostuktura), tuku naveduva ilustracija za bazi~nite delovi (mikrostruktura). Zemaj}i go predvid faktot deka sekoja poslovica se sostoi od podatoci koi se odnesuvaat na pove}e nivoa, pri baraweto na stabilnite nivoa na univerzalnata skala, Kuusi go opi{uva tipot vo eden od negovite najelaborirani proekti koi se odnesuvaat na vrskite na binarnite opozicii. A. Krikman go naglasi prisustvoto na osnovnoto i komplementarnoto zna~ewe na ovie sistemi, kako i faktot deka tie se odnesuvaat na formulai~nite opisi vo odnos na klasifikacijata na poslovi~nite tekstovi. 13 Toj isto taka uka`uva na nekoi neadekvanosti i somnitelnosti vo odnos na dvata sistema. Neiscrpnosta na semanti~kite karakteristiki i obrascite na hierarhiskite sistemi predizvikaa ogromni somnevawa. Kako {to na toa gleda samiot Krikman, poetskata kako i folkloristi~kata strana na poslovicite strada i vo dvata sistema. Poslovicite ne se logi~ki ili filozofski iskazi tuku frazi koi so sebe go nosat prenosnoto zna~ewe. Toj veli deka e somnitelno dali voop{to ima "nekakva osnova da se zboruva za postoewe na poslovi~nite zna~ewa kako "potencijalnosti", pokraj onie realni zna~ewa {to tie gi imaat ili gi imale vo tradicijata na nekoi konkretni narodi, kulturi, itn." Poslovicite se slo`eni strukturi, a metatekstovite pretstaveni vo opisite na tipovite ne se sposobni da gi opi{at site odnosi koi se manifestiraat vo poslovicite. Koga bi se obidele da dademe eden iscrpen opis na edna semanti~ka struktura, toga{ takviot opis bi stanal mnogu kompliciran i ne bi mo`el da se razbere. Me|utoa, toj jasno bi poka`al deka "apstrahiraweto i generaliziraweto na poslovi~niot semanti~ki opis ne e ni{to drugo osven izvlekuvawe na izvesna supMatti Kuusi, "How Can a Type-index of International Proverbs Be Outlined?", Proverbium, no. 15, Helsinki, 1970, pp. 473-476. 12 Matti Kuusi, "Towards an International Type-system of Proverbs", Proverbium, no. 19, Helsinki, 1972, pp. 699-736. 13 Arvo Krikmann, "Some difficulties arising at semantic classifying of proverbs", Proverbium, no. 23, Helsinki, 1974, pp. 865-879.
11

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struktura ili odredena relacija od celosnata stuktura na smetka na prekinuvaweto na nejzinite vrski so ona {to ostanalo od nea (odnosno zapostavuvawe na site drugi semanti~ki informacii)". Krikman zabele`al deka mnogu sli~ni celini vo Permjakovoto delo mo`at da se smestat pod razli~ni klasi i deka nekoi klasi se povtoruvaat edni so drugi. 14 E. Kokare go nabljuduva sistemot na Permjakov od aspekt na komparativnata paremiologija. Taa smeta deka negovata kniga glavno e korisna i se bazira vrz striktni kriteriumi, iako ne mo`e da ne podle`i na izvesni kritiki. Spored nea, naslovite na oddelite i pododdelite vo knigata na Permjakov se premnogu apstraktni vo mnogu slu~ai, oddale~eni od umetni~kite generalizacii na poslovicite koi{to sodr`at figurativni zna~ewa. 15 Kombiniraj}i gi dvata kriteriuma (logi~kiot i lingvisti~kiot) pri grupiraweto na tekstovite, Permjakov ne mo`el da go izbegne povtoruvaweto. Taa zabele`uva samo nekolku slu~ai na isti primeri koi mo`at da potpadnat pod razli~ni oddeli. Premnogu vnimanie i' e posveteno na modalnosta na re~enicite; premnogu mali podgrupi se obrazuvani. Mnogu razli~ni primeri mu se pripi{uvaat na eden ist tip. Naslovite ponekoga{ obvrzuvaat na nekoi specifi~ni zna~ewa koi{to tie ne gi poseduvaat. Tuka Kokare diskutira i za pra{aweto za dimenzijata na sodr`inata na tipot. Taa istaknuva deka samo celosnite tipovi, vklu~itelno i sinonimnite poslovici i nivnite varijanti, otkolku oddelnite varijanti na poslovicite, mora da bidat vklu~eni pri publiciraweto na sporedbenite tekstovi. 16 Pri sporedbenoto prou~uvawe na poslovicite, nacionalnite poslovici se sporeduvaat so onie na drugite narodi. Vo toj slu~aj treba da se diskutira i za problemot na tipot, so formulirawe na slednite kriteriumi pri definiraweto na tipot: 1) Sli~nosta na sintakti~kata i poetskata struktura; 2) Semanti~kata adekvatnost na sistemot na pretstavi. Stabilnosta na nekoi komponenti na obrazecot, na primer na onoj od sintaksti~ka priroda, Kokare go opi{uva kako relativen, za{to razli~ni varijanti i ekvivalenti vo kompleksot na tipot obi~no se izrazeni so re~enici od nekolku modeli; podatocite od ostanatite ramni{ta, odnosno strukturata na poetskata slika se popostojani. Spored Kokare, slu~aite kade{to se koristat poslovici so eden adekvaten umetni~ki obrazec, a so razli~ni zna~ewa, se mnogu retki, iako ponekoga{ e nemo`no da se izbegne atribucijata na tekstovite, izrazena preku istite motivi na pretstavata vrz razli~ni tipovi.
14 15

Ibid., p. 865. lza Kokare, "Teori i praktika sravnitelno paremiologii", Folklor: Obraz i poeti~eskoe slovo v kontekste, Moskva, 1984, str. 274-289. 16 Ibid., str. 282.

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Problemite pri formulirawe na tipot se zasegnati so nekoi aspekti vo teoretskite trudovi. Ungarskiot paremiolog Vilmo{ Voit, pri analiziraweto na edna poslovica vo vid na pra{alnik, ja izlo`il idejata deka zna~ewata na poslovicite, izrazeni preku sosema adekvatni lingvisti~ki formi variraat vo zna~itelna merka. 17 Nivnite situaciski funkcii zavisat i od t.n. situaciski varijanti. Na eden ili na drug na~in, izobilstvoto od trudovi za analizata na stukturata na poslovicata vodi kon problemot vo odnos na tipot. Taka, na primer, amerikanskiot folklorist Alan Dandis, vo potragata po konstantni komponenti vo stukturata na poslovicata, naveduva koja bi trebalo da bide osnovnata edinica pri strukturalnata analiza. Za taa cel toj gi nabrojuva: pretstavata, zna~eweto ili formulata pri modeliraweto na poslovicata. Spored nego, poslednoto zaslu`uva najgolemo vnimanie. 18 Toj go svrtuva vnimanieto kon faktot {to vo tekstovite koi{to se sostojat od eden deskriptiven element i sodr`at samo eden predmet na interes i eden komentar ne e mo`na opozicija. Toj ja obrazlo`uva nemo`nosta na principite na Permjakov i Kuusi vo odnos na binarnite antipodi za da mo`at da bidat primenlivi na site poslovici vo procesot na nivnata klasifikacija. Zna~aen pridones za razbiraweto na tipot se sre}ava kaj D. Burkhart. Vo nejziniot trud za poslovicata kako primer od naukata za komunikacijata i semiotikata, taa uka`uva na toa deka e beskorisno da se otfrlaat klasifikaciskite indikacii od sferata na realnosta, kako {to toa se slu~uvalo porano. 19 Materijalot go nudi samata stvarnost na edno odredeno op{testvo i negovata kultura, odreduvaj}i ja su{tinata na mikro i makro metaforite na poslovicite. Na toj na~in spomenatata ideja na Permjakov indirektno e diskvalifikuvana, spored koja realnosta formira eden indiferenten konstrukciski materijal vo odnos na klasifikacijata. Pri prviot obid da se sostavi edna iscrpna publikacija na poslovici avtorite se sre}avaat so problemot na poslovicata kako kompleks od varijanti i nivnite internacionalni ekvivalenti. Nekoi sostavuva~i na poslovi~ni publikacii, na primer Duringsfeldovi, 20 obrnale pove}e vnimanie na pojavata spored koja ekvivalentite na poslovicata pretstavuvaat tekstovi koi ponekoga{ nudat razli~ni pretstavi,

Vilmos Voigt, "Variantenschichten eines ungarischen Proverbiums", Proverbium, no. 15, Helsinki, 1970, pp. 125-128. 18 Alan Dundes, "On the Structure of the Proverb", Proverbium, no. 25, Helsinki, 1975, pp. 961-973. 19 Dagmar Burkhart-Chatzeeliades, "Das Sprichwort als Factum der Kommunikationswissenschaft und der Semiotik", Proverbium, no. 2, Helsinki, 1981, pp. 141-172. 20 O. F. Dringsfeld, I.; Reinsberg-Duringsfeld, Sprichwrter der germanischen und romanischen Sprachen, vol. I/ 1872, 2/1875, Leipzig, 1875.

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dodeka drugi sostavuva~i, na primer Vander, 21 mu daval prednost na formalniot kriterium, dr`ej}i se edinstveno do principot na klu~ni zborovi. Kokare go sledi svojot sopstven princip na odreduvawe na tipot, za koj stanuva zbor vo nejzinata kniga so latviski i litvanski poslovici. Vo nea taa gi priklu~ila sinonimnite poslovici kon eden zaedni~ki tip i i' dava prednost na zaedni~kata ideja otkolku na edinstvoto na slikovnata stuktura. Zatoa, pokraj tipovite vo koi spomenatata srodnost od sintaksi~ka i poetska priroda e pove}e ili pomalku po~uvstvuvana, se javuvaat akumulacii od tekstovi vo koi se manifestiraat pove}e razli~ni i nepovrzani poetski pretstavi. Vo informacijata od me|unarodniot simpozium na paremiolozite objavena vo spisanieto Proverbium br. 25 od 1975 godina, na sostavuva~ite na nacionalni i regionalni publikacii na poslovici im se prepora~uva da se rakovodat spored klasifikaciskite sitemi na Tili, 22 Vajting 23 i Adalberg-K{i`anovski. 24 Kaj site ovie pra{awa so koi se soo~uvaat avtorite, u~estvuvaat celi kompleksi od varijanti vo koi glavnite elementi nosat poetski sliki i se pretstaveni kako nezavisni poslovici. Eden zaedni~ki osnoven zbor e najden za sekoja poslovica (tip); tipovite se metodski raspredeleni vo izdanieto, vodej}i smetka za alfabetskoto podreduvawe na zborovite na soodvetniot jazik. Bidej}i zbirkite objaveni od Vajting i Tili ne se golemi, sobranite tekstovi koi sodr`at oddelni poslovici (tipovi) se umereno ednostavni. Tekstovite vo tipovite se podredeni spored hronologijata na izvorite. Adalberg-K{i`anovskoto golemo izdanie na polski poslovici i poslovi~ni izrazi, od druga strana, vklu~uva golemi grupi na tekstovi koi sodr`at oddelni poslovici. Tie se podeleni na pomali oddeli, ozna~eni so bukvite na alfabetata; tekstovite vo pomalite delovi se ozna~eni hronolo{ki. Funkciite na osnovniot zbor gi imaat zborovite {to naj~esto se povtoruvaat vo tekstovite, iako onie kaj koi otsustvuva osnovniot zbor funkciite gi nosi celata poslovica, taka{to na toj na~in i tie se vklu~eni. Materijalot od varijantite izbran spored ovoj princip gi so~inuva tipovite poslovici, iako nitu Adalberg vo XIX-ot vek, nitu
Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Wander et al., Deutches Sprichwrter-Lexikon, vol. 1/1867, 2/1870, 3/1873, 4/ 1876, 5/1880, Leipzig. 22 M. P. Tilley, A Dictionary of the Proverbs in England in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries, Michigan, 1950. 23 Proverbs, Sentences and Proverbial Phrases from English Writings Mainly Before 1500 by Barlett Jere Whiting with the collaboration of Helen Wescott Whiting, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1968. 24 Nowa ksiega przyslo'w i wyrazen przys lwiowych polskich, vol. I/ 1969, 2/1970, 3/1972, W oparciu o dzielo Samuela Adalberga opracoval Zespol redakcyjny pod kierunkiem Juliana Krzyzanowskiego, Warsaw.
21

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K{i`anovski vo negovata neodamna objavena publikacija go upotrebuvaat terminot 'tip'. I kako vo sekoja sistematizirana publikacija, nekoi diskutabilni i somnitelni slu~ai na povrzuvawe ili ispu{tawe na tekstovite iskrsnuvaat tuka, no prakti~no sosema e nemo`no da se izbegnat vo sekoj sistem na klasifikacija. Poslovicite se predmet na istra`uvawe na folkloristite i Permjakov gi opi{al kako predmet interesen i za lingvistite i filozofite-logi~ari. 25 Samiot toj bil mnogu zainteresiran za oformuvaweto na logi~kata misla vo poslovicite. 26 Istovremeno, treba da se istakne deka toj poslovicite ne gi klasificiral od folkloristi~ka gledna to~ka. Poradi toa negovata metoda na sistematizacija ne soodvetstvuva pri istra`uvaweto na poslovicite kako folklorni fenomeni. So izvesna rezerva bi mo`elo da se re~e istoto i za principot na sistematizacija prilagoden na globalniot indeks na poslovici na Kuusi, nesomneno korisen za istra`uva~ite koi vo poslovicite gi baraat na~inite za stilisti~ko-strukturalno modelirawe, zaedni~ki za site narodi, iako so toa ne se vodi smetka za mnogu drugi komponenti na strukturata na poslovicata, relevantni za folkloristite. Osnovata za sistemot na Permjakov kako i za sistemot na Kuusi e oformena od podatocite za povisokite strukturni nivoa na poslovicata. U{te od samite po~etoci na folkloristikata, istra`uva~ite najmnogu se interesirale za tradicionalnite zapleti, li~nostite kako proizvodi na istoriskata stvarnost i op{testvenite odnosi, odrazeni vo veruvawata, obi~aite, eti~kite i estetskite pogledi svrteni kon takvite odnosi. Folkloristikata evoluira i se razvi kako nauka blagodarenie na sobiraweto, sistematiziraweto i prou~uvaweto na folklornoto nasledstvo, so koristewe na istoriskoto pametewe so~uvano vo tradiciskata, umetni~kata i obrednata re~. Za drugite nauki, kako {to se semiotikata, lingvistikata, sociologijata, psihologijata itn., folklorot e pomo{no sredstvo, izvor na ilustrativni primeri. Klasifikacijata na folklorot soglasno aspektite koi se va`ni za niv e mnogu ograni~ena. Od svoja strana pak, folkloristikata se bavi so istra`uvawe na potekloto i razvitokot na folklornite edinici, so problemite na nivnite vrski so etni~kite kulturi i bara metodi koi }e bidat orientirani kon nejzinata su{tina. Iako se mnogu razli~ni od drugite folklorni `anrovi vo odnos na funkcijata i relacijata so op{testvenata stvarnost, poslovicite se, pred se', folklorna pojava. Tie se tradicionalni kombinacii na umetGrigori Permkov, "O logi~eskom aspekte poslovic i pogovorok", Proverbium, no. 10, Helsinki, 1968, pp. 225-235. 26 Grigori Permkov, "O lingvisti~eskom aspekte poslovic i pogovorok", Proverbium, no. 11, Helsinki, 1968, str. 276-285.
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ni~kite zborovi, nivnata istorija go odrazuva razvojot na op{testvenata i estetskata misla i tie se tesno povrzani so biografiite na razni etniciteti od po{irokite oblasti na kulturata. Pa zatoa, folkloristi~kiot aspekt doka`uva deka e najva`en pri sistematizacijata na poslovicite. Folklorot, koj{to se sostoi od pogolemite `anrovi kako {to se prikaznite, predanijata, legendite, pesnite, baladite, e od narativna priroda. Zapletot, koj{to e najva`nata komponenta na nacionalnite varijanti i nivnite internacionalni ekvivalenti, e jadroto na sekoe kreativno delo, osnovnata komponenta na umetni~kata struktura. Pri analiziraweto na tekstualnite varijanti so pomo{ na komparativnata metoda se stignuva do najdlabokite sloevi na minatoto. Tekstovite na zaedni~kite zapleti se pretstaveni vo katalozite kako tipovi. Terminot 'tip' bil za prvpat primenet so takvoto zna~ewe pri teoretskata analiza samo na prikaznite, a podocna e koristen i za ostanatite narativni `anrovi. Katalozite na narativniot folklor naj~esto se narekuvani katalozi na tipovi, a me|unarodnite broevi na tipovi vovedeni vo niv se pogodni za komparativno istra`uvawe. Za taka mali i op{ti edinici kako {to se poslovicite, bi bilo neefikasno da se vovede numeracija na me|unarodno ramni{te, a od druga strana, verbalnite formuli na oddelni poslovici ne se podolgi od samo nekolku zborovi, koi{to pak se lesno pomlivi i vedna{ ja otkrivaat su{tinata na deloto. Vo tradicijata na oddelni narodi prili~en broj na poslovici, isklu~itelno nacionalni ili zaedni~ki se koristat kaj mnogu bliskite ili srodni jazici, pa taka me|unarodnite tipovi bi mo`ele da se izgubat me|u niv. Glavnite kriteriumi pri razlikuvaweto na tipot, me|utoa, treba da bidat konkretni, postojani i lesno potvrdeni kako pri klasifikacijata na drugite folklorni `anrovi. Se ~ini deka Kuusi ve}e diskutiral i gi ilustriral ovie elementi i toa mnogu jasno vo pogore spomenatite sugestii vo vrska so pra{awata za paremiologijata; 27 me|utoa, poradi nemu poznati pri~ini toj gi zapostavil pri podgotvuvaweto na me|unarodniot indeks na poslovi~nite tipovi. Toj tvrdi deka tekstovite, povrzani so zaedni~kata ideja i jadroto, treba da bidat sfateni kako varijanti na edna ista poslovica. Sledstveno, tie gi so~inuvaat osnovnite edinici na tipot. Vo negovite primeri jadroto e motivot, zaedni~ko za site varijanti, obrazuvaj}i soodvetna metafora kaj poslovicite nositeli na slikata ili pretstavata i postojaniot argument na neumetni~kata generalizacija kaj niv se sfa}a bukvalno.

27

Matti Kuusi, "Ein Vorschlag fr die Terminologie der parmiologischen Strukturanalyse", Proverbium, no. 5, Helsinki, 1966, pp. 97-104.

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Idejata, t.e. mislata izrazena preku umetni~kata slika ili neumetni~kata generalizacija vo tekstovite na istoto verbalno jadro obi~no e istata. Toa e odredeno od ~udesnata sposobnost na jazikot kako sredstvo za kodirawe na mislite za ograni~uvawe i regulirawe na denotativnite i konotativnite zna~ewa na zborovite i nivnite kombinacii vo soodvetni konteksti. Toa ja otstranuva opasnosta od nedorazbirawe vo slu~aite na t.n. slobodni ili konstantni kombinacii na zborovite. Toa e pri~inata {to vo primerite analizirani od Kuusi, t.n. kongruentni tekstovi, t.e. onie so ista struktura i jadro, a koi{to izrazuvaat razli~ni idee, se mnogu retki. Sinonimnite poslovici se sosema druga rabota. Tekstovite, povrzani so zaedni~ki ili sli~ni idei, a imaat razli~no jadro, se ~esti. Kako {to toa taka ubedlivo e izrazeno vo primerite na Kuusi, tie ne obrazuvaat edna i ista poslovica. Idejata, predmetot i semantikata se derivativni, apstrahirani komponenti na strukturata od najvisoko nivo. Tie stanuvaat zaedni~ki crti koga }e se ottrgnat od konkretnata slika. Spomenatite sostavuva~i na publikacii na poslovi~nite tekstovi ja sogledale bazi~nata komponenta koja ja oformuva poslovicata na ist na~in kako Kuusi. Samiot materijal namenet za istra`uva~ite koi rabotele individualno ja smetale poslovicata kako akumulacija na varijanti. Ve}e vo XIX-ot vek ovaa ideja skoro bila dostignata od sostavuva~ite na golemite publikacii, kako Vander, avtorot na golemata zbirka na germanski poslovici, 28 Duringsfeldovi, avtorite na sporedbenoto izdanie na poslovici na germanski i romanski jazici. 29 Vo poslednite desetletija od XIX-ot vek istiot princip na tipsko oblikuvawe konsistentno e primenuvano i potvrduvano od estonskite sostavuva~i na sporedbeni zbirki i nacionalna edicija na poslovi~ni tekstovi. 30 Jadroto na slikata na poslovicata e fraza, koja{to e oformena od strukturata na verbalnite varijanti. Toa e konkretna i relativno stabilna edinica, lesno dostapna i podatna za opservacija, na koja mo`e da i' se opredeli organskoto edinstvo na slikata i potekloto na iskazot. Zborovite se kodovi na realnosta i apstrakni poimi koi i' pripa|aat na kategorijata od poniskite ramni{ta na stukturata. Zborovite i nivnite kombinacii obrazuvaat konkretna i stabilna osnova tekstovite da mo`at da se sporeduvaat, da se pravat paraleli ili da se analiKarl Friedrich Wilhelm Wander et al., Deutches Sprichwrter-Lexikon, vol. 1/1867, 2/1870, 3/1873, 4/ 1876, 5/1880, Leipzig. 29 I. Dringsfeld; O. F. Reinsberg-Duringsfeld, Sprichwrter der germanischen und romanischen Sprachen, vol. I/ 1872, 2/1875. Leipzig. 30 Vadja vanasnad eesti, soome, karjala ja vene vastetega, Somr. by Vaina Mlk. Tallinn, 1976; Liivi vanasnad eesti, vadja ja lti vastetega, vol. 1-2, Somr. by Vaina Mlk, Tallinn, 1981; Eesti vanasnad, vol. 1/1980, 2/1983, 3/1985, Tallinn, 1985.
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ziraat nivnite razliki, t.e. da se organiziraat tipovite na poslovici. Semanti~kite podatoci, na primer, za onie od povisokite nivoa se derivativni. Istra`uva~ite, a naj~esto samite korisnici, mo`e da se slu~i razli~no da gi tolkuvaat poslovicite, duri i na kontradiktoren na~in. Posmatraj}i gi kako vistinski kriterium za sistematizacija, nemo`no e da se izbegne opasnosta od razli~no razbirawe i potekloto na idejata. Tie se premnogu op{ti i {iroki za da se dobie opis na tipot kako organsko edinstvo. Iskustvoto od sistematiziraweto i prou~uvaweto na poslovicite, a osobeno od sostavuvaweto na sporedbeni izdanija na tekstovi na poslovici, poka`uva deka podatocite za povr{inskata struktura na tekstovite redovno se povtoruva ili se javuva ne samo kaj nacionalnite (ednojazi~ni) tuku i kaj me|unarodnite (mnogujazi~ni) tipovi na poslovici. Zaedni~kite motivi vo srodnite jazici, a isto taka vo onie koi pripa|aat na razli~ni jazi~ni familii se sozdadeni pri koristeweto na ista ili sli~na realnost i apstraktni poimi, izrazuvaj}i gi leksi~kite ekvivalenti. Tie se modelirani so pomo{ na re~enici so analogni sintaksi~ki konstrukcii. Kolku po{iroko poslovicata e rasprostraneta vo razli~ni jazici i kulturni zoni, dotolku pogolem e brojot na varijantite, adaptaciite ili regionalnite verzii nastanati od nea. Me|utoa, edinstvoto na glavnite komponenti, vospostavuvaweto na strukturata na slikata e, sepak, o~igledno. Toa e doka`ano vo mnogu slu~ai so zabele{kite, objasnuvaweto na zna~ewata na umetni~kite tekstovi i situaciite pri nivnoto koristewe kaj mnogu zbirki na poslovici. Sosema jasen koncept na strukturniot tip na popularnite me|unarodni poslovici mo`e da se sretne pri konsultacija na sporedbenoto izdanie na Duringsfeldovi, vo koe e napravena paralela na izvesen broj na ekvivalentni poslovici na romanskite i germanskite jazici. 31 So cel da se elaborira ovaa misla, pretstavena e strukturata na edna me|unarodna i osobeno stara poslovica, a koja glasi: "Koj kopa grob na drugogo, sam pa|a u nego" (MNU 3032) ili "Koj kopat drugemu grob, sam (toj) padvit vo nego" (MNU 3034); (br. 846 od I del od aktuelnava kniga). Poslovicata e zemena od Sv. Pismo i nejzinoto prenosno zna~ewe glasi: "Koj misli ili mu gotvi na drug zlo, sam }e si postrada od nego". Site evropski narodi gi znaat nejzinite ekvivalenti, a se sre}ava i na Bliskiot Istok. Jadroto na poslovicata se sostoi od temata na kopawe grob ili jama vo koja pa|a samiot nejzin kopa~. Taa se sre}ava vo mnogu varijanti so menuvawe na mestata na nejzinite komponenti, a isto taka organski ima mnogu zaedni~ki elementi vo odnos na strukturata na ti31 I. Dringsfeld; O. F. Reinsberg-Duringsfeld, Sprichwrter der germanischen und romanischen Sprachen, vol. I/ 1872, 2/1875. Leipzig.

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pot. Edinstvoto na idejata na ekvivalentite ubedlivo e izrazena preku kontekstot vo Biblijata ili vo nekoi drugi izvori ako se koristi vo bilo koja druga koherentna narativa. Edinstvoto na jadroto na pretstavata vo site verzii e isto taka o~igledno. Poimot razli~ni verzii, so kombinacija na motivite implicira deka samo kopaweto na jama postojano se javuva. Edinstvenata razlika se sostoi vo toa {to komponentata na kopaweto jama se sfa}a pove}e kako umetni~ki argument dodeka pa|aweto vo nea se podrazbira kako umetni~ko voop{tuvawe ili predupreduvawe. Glavno, vo odnos na verziite izrazeni na razli~ni na~ini i so razli~ni vidovi na re~enici, od edna strana gi sogleduvame adekvatnite razliki na modalitetot na iskazite kodirani od niv, no vo zavisnost od jazi~niot kontekst i ekstralingvisti~kite situacii od druga strana. Pri nabljuduvaweto na korelacijata na ekvivalentite, mo`no e da se pretpostavi postoeweto na nekoi osobenosti na nadvore{nata struktura uslovena od istoriskiot razvoj i etni~koto okru`uvawe. Faktot {to edna verzija se zdobila so golem broj na ekvivalenti vo evropskite jazici ne' tera na pomislata deka nejziniot lingvisti~ki model mo`e da bide osnovata na najstarata poslovica. No ne site verzii stanuvaat popularni do taa merka kaj site jazici. Ako jadroto na pretstavata se podrazbere kako fundamentalna komponenta na strukturata na poslovicata, a samo onie tekstovi vo koi jadroto se povtoruva se narekuvaat varijanti i ekvivalenti na poslovicata, toga{ e nesoodvetno da se nadopolnuva tipskata kompozicija so poslovici izrazeni so drugi, iako sli~ni, motivi. Zatoa, tekstovite vo koi se sodr`i motivot za kopaweto grob/jama se razlikuvaat od onie vo koi istata ideja e izrazena, na primer, so pretstavite za postavuvawe stapica: "Narodite padnaa vo jamata, {to sami ja iskopaa; stapicata {to ja stavija tajno, ja fati nivnata noga." (Sirah 27, 26; Psalmi 9, 15; (br. 1223 od I del na knigava). Nejzinite ekvivalenti se sre}avaat vo poslovicite na mnogu evropski jazici 32 . I dvata kompleksa od ekvivalenti i varijanti, iako bliski na ramni{teto na semantikata, funkcioniraat nezavisno u{te od najstari vremiwa. Nivnite sliki, koi{to izrazuvaat razli~na realnost i sosema poinakvi poimi, ~esto se koristeni na paralelen na~in vo eden ist jazik. Tie ne mo`at da se smetaat kako dve modulacii na edna ista slika, bidej}i na niv se primenuvaat razli~ni metafori. Izrazuvaj}i ja istata ideja, tie mo`at da poslu`at kako supstituti, no nikoga{ ne se povtoruvaat slikovnite motivi na drugite. Poradi toa, bi bilo zgodno da se nazna~at semanti~kite vrski na dvata tipa vo klasifikaciskiot sistem, no nema pri~ina da se spojat vo eden zaedni~ki tip.
32

Za makedonskite varijanti vidi gi primerite br. 666 i 1248.

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Vo odnos na pogore iznesenoto, kako zaklu~ok bi mo`elo da se ka`e slednoto: 1. Prou~uvaweto na tipot kako osnovna edinica e eden od prvite ~ekori vo sostavuvaweto na nau~ni zbirki na poslovici ili vo nivnoto sporedbeno istra`uvawe. Pravilnoto sfa}awe na osnovnata komponenta na strukturata na poslovicata, konsistentnata referenca kon nejzinite podatoci se uslovite koi{to odlu~uvaat za nau~nata vrednost na takvata aktivnost. Komponentata {to ja pravi poslovicata avtonmna edinica i ni' pru`a mo`nost da ja razlikuvame od drugite poslovici, e vsu{nost jadroto na umetni~kata slika, dodeka vo izrazite koi{to go zadr`ale neposrednoto zna~ewe le`i logi~kata kombinacija na poimite. Nejzinata su{tina se ocenuva spored verbalnata struktura na tekstot. 2. Definiraj}i ja interakcijata na drugite komponenti i jadroto vo negoviot teoretski trud za problemite na strukturata na poslovicite, M. Kuusi sfatil deka jadroto e najva`nata komponenta koja{to go obrazuva tipot. Znaej}i dobro deka materijalot treba da se sistematizira, sostavuva~ite na najdobrite nau~ni zbirki na poslovici, jadroto go smetale za osnovnata komponenta na poslovicata i se povikuvale na nego. Podatocite se koristeni i pri izrabotkata na katalozite na repertoarot na nacionalnite poslovici. Zna~eweto na samoto jadro e poka`ano vo sporedbenite studii na oddelni poslovici. 3. Ocenuvaj}i go tipot spored komponentite koi{to im pripa|a na povisokite strukturalni nivoa, neizbe`no e istra`uva~ite da zaskitaat vo neograni~enite dimenzii na zaedni~kite crti svojstveni na poslovicite. Sodr`inata na poimot na tipot stanuva premnogu slo`ena, izrazite, duri i od najrazli~no poteklo se zdobivaat so statusot na varijanti i ekvivalenti. Zatoa, istra`uva~ot e prinuden da se povika na edinstvoto od zna~ewa i na idejata, ako podatocite gi nadminuvaat granicite na edinstvoto na jadroto na slikata. Pri sistematizacijata na tekstovite sekoga{ se javuvaat nekoi somnitelni i nejasni slu~ai. Te{kotiite proizleguvaat pri nabljuduvaweto na isprepletenosta na motivi na jadroto, koi im se svojstveni na razli~ni tipovi na poslovici, koi{to se soo~uvaat so kontaminacija, koja{to ponekoga{ zna~itelno ja menuva slikata na poslovicata. Perifernite tekstovi koi{to egzistiraat vo opsegot na dva ili pove}e tipovi doa|aat do poseben izraz. Seto toa go prinuduva istra`uva~ot uslovno da postapuva, da se odlu~i za nekoj od postoe~kite principi, ili pak, da kombinira dva ili pove}e tipa. Me|utoa, toa ne go namaluva zna~eweto na jadroto na porakata. Ova e samo eden od obidite da se razjasnat nekoi aspekti na problemot na primerot na eden kratok `anr kako {to e poslovicata i na eden poim, poto~no poslovi~niot tip. Paremiologijata i paremio-

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grafijata dosega prvenstveno se koristele so ve}e objaveni izdanija na poslovici (i prethodno sobrani rakopisni zbirki), kako i so arhivski materijali kako svoi izvori. Ne mnogu narodi mo`at da se pofalat so poseduvawe na obemni folklorni arhivski materijali. Dve koncepcii za tipolo{kata priroda na poslovicite stanaa poznati bladodarenie pred se' na izvorniot materijal. Od dotuka izlo`enoto se vide deka do neodamna, teoretskite istra`uvawa na poslovicite i poslovi~nite izrazi predimno bea lingvisti~ki orientirani, so stavawe na akcentot pred se' na strukturalnite i semioti~kite aspekti na poslovicite prio|aj}i im od komparativen aspekt. ^esto naveduvaniot sovetski lingvist i folklorist Grigorij Permjakov so objavuvaweto svoeto sega klasi~no delo "Od poslovici do prikazni" vo '70-te godini od minatiot vek, izvr{i nesomneno golemo vlijanie vrz me|unarodnite paremiolo{ki prou~uvawa. Poa|aj}i od zna~eweto na negoviot trud, mnogubrojni nau~nici prodol`ija da rabotat vo istata nasoka i zaedno so nego ja postavija modernata paremiologija, odnosno naukata za poslovicite, na cvrsti temeli. Iako ovie postignuvawa pretstavuvaat golem pridones vo odnos na definicijata, jazikot, strukturata i zna~eweto na poslovicite, tie vo mnogu ne{ta ne uspeaja da se vsredoto~at na dve osobeno va`ni pra{awa koi{to gi nadminuvaat ~isto lingvisti~kite aspekti na proverbijalnite tekstovi. Ednoto pra{awe se odnesuva na dijahroniskiot problem na tradicionalnosta, odnosno na faktot deka sekoj tekst {to mo`e da se okvalifikuva kako poslovica mora da ima nekakva upotreba za eden odreden vremenski period. Tesno so ova e svrzano i sinhroniskoto pra{awe za ~estotata na koristeweto ili poznavaweto na poslovicite, odnosno na dadeniot tekst vo opredeleno vreme. Niedna od mnogubrojnite definicii za poslovicite ne mo`e da odgovori na ovie pra{awa, pa sepak kako osnovno se postavuva baraweto sekoja poslovica da mora da poka`e deka poseduva barem izvesna tradicionalnost i ~estota, odnosno zastapenost vo govorot za da mo`e da se smeta za verbalen folkloren vid. [to se odnesuva do poslovicite od minatite, odnosno prethodnite pokolenija, pra{awata vo odnos na nivnata vistinska poslovi~nost mo`e da se potvrdi, i ve}e e potvrdeno, so postoeweto na istoriski re~nici na poslovici vo koi{to se sodr`at podatoci i varijanti na odredeni poslovici od pi{ani izvori. 33 Paremiografite od celiot svet imaat sobrano grandiozni dijahroniski zbirki na poslovici,
33 Du{an Nedeqkovi, "Narodne poslovice i pojava wihovih re~nika u predrevolucionom pokretu prosveenosti Francuske XVIII-og veka", Glasnik Etnografskog instituta SANU, Beograd, 1957, str. 29-52.

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~ij{to model se masivnite anglo-amerikanski zbirki, makotrpno sostaveni i redaktirani od ve}e spomnatiot istra`uva~ Vajting. 34 So koristeweto na sovremenite kompjuteri takvite istoriski orientirani zbornici i ponatamu se objavuvaat na razni jazici vo svetot, pa sepak ovoj vid na paremiografska rabota obi~no ne mo`e da odgovori na nekoi isklu~itelno va`ni pra{awa vo odnos na situacijata so sovremenite poslovici, kako i za sostojbata na poslovicite od prethodnte generacii koi{to seu{te se vo upotreba, potoa za upatenosta na sovremenicite vo poslovi~nata problematika itn. Tvrdeweto deka poslovicite mnogu malku se koristat vo kompleksnite kulturi so zabrzan trend na op{testveni promeni, pove}e ne e validno od aspekt na ponovite prou~uvawa. Imaj}i go predvid soznanieto deka makedonskata populacija se nao|a vo vitelot na globalnite slu~uvawa, blagodarenie pred se' na svojata polilingvalnost, ne be{e neo~ekuvano {to od moite istra`uvawa na makedonskite poslovici proizleze korpus koj ja nadminuva brojkata od 2.000 najmnogu koristeni poslovici i pogovorki, dobien od anketa sprovedena me|u informatorite. Toj broj na poslovici koi gi zapi{av za celite na moite istra`uvawa, a koi gi ubicirav vo ve}e objavenite zbirki i zbornici kako proizvodi na narodnata mudrost, vlezeni se vo ovaa kniga naslovena kako "Makedonsko-angliski i anglisko-makedonski poslovi~ni paraleli". Poslovi~niot repertoar e registriran vo poslednive nekolku godini od pogolem broj na `iteli od pove}e mesta na Makedonija. Od moite terenski istra`uvawa me|u makedonskite informatori mo`ev da zaklu~am deka eden vozrasen informator znae ad hoc minimum sto poslovici, poslovi~ni izrazi, poslovi~ni sporedbi i drugi frazeolo{ki izrazi. Pove}eto od niv se sre}avaat ne samo na makedonski, tuku i na jazicite na ostanatite balkanski narodi, {to go potvrduva ne samo nivniot nacionalen karakter vo odnos na jazi~nata izraznost, tuku i nivnoto bogatstvo vo pogled na internacionalnata tematska zastapenost. Poradi toa se nametnuva razmisluvaweto deka mo`ebi niedno drugo postignuvawe na ~ove~kiot um ne go predizvikuvalo tolku mnogu vnimanieto na golemite intelektualci kako poslovicite vo tekot na mnogu vekovi na postoeweto na najrazli~ni civilizacii. Filozofi, eruditi, poeti i genijalni prozaisti i poznati dejci od site vremiwa i site zemji vo niv nao|ale izvori na ogromno zadovolstvo, a onie koi se zanimavale so niv u`ivale golema ~est; tie gi inkorporirale vo nivnite besmrtni dela, so niv gi ilustrirale svoite misli, pa duri i gi so-

34

Bartlett Jere Whiting, Modern Proverbs and Proverbial Sayings, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press, 1989.

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birale. 35 Za taa cel da go spomneme Plaut, genijalniot latinski poet, potoa, odej}i hronolo{ki, Servantes, {panskiot poet poznat {irum svetot, kako i mnogu drugi golemi umovi, vo ~ii{to dela ~itatelot mnogu ~esto naiduva na ovoj kni`even `anr. No najeklatanten e primerot so [ekspir, koj ne samo {to poslovicite gi raseal niz svoite dela, tuku i gi zel za naslovi na dve poznati negovi drami, 36 a niz ustata na Hamlet 37 se izre~eni poslovici vo koi{to se sodr`i tolku zdrava i racionalna filozofija {to go intrigira duhot se' do dene{ni dni. I navistina, vo ovie kratki literarni vidovi se sodr`at tolku mnogu nikulci na bleskava imaginativnost, otvorena mudrost i zdrav moral {to bil razvivan postapno od najgolemite svetski filozofi vo nivnite zna~ajni i brojni dela. Mnogu formi na ~ove~kata misla se sre}avaat u{te vo poslovicite na Solomon, kako arhetipi na najvozvi{eniot izraz. I najgolemiot del od u~eweto na Isus Hristos e iskovan vo poslovi~na forma, osobeno vo prvite tri Evangelija, {to podocna preminalo kaj narodot i prodol`ilo da se {iri preku negovite usni. I voop{to ne e neobi~no da se re~e deka, ako nekoj saka da istra`uva kako eden narod misli i ~uvstvuva, kakov e negoviot genij i negovata prirodna mudrost, treba samo da frli eden poprodlabo~en pogled vrz aksiomite so koi se ispolneti ovie suptilni proizvodi na ~ove~kiot um. A bidej}i pove}e od izvesno e deka mnogu od poslovicite poteknuvaat od mnogu damne{ni vremiwa, tie pretstavuvaat samo veren odraz na eden identi~en zaedni~ki koncept na mnogu drugi narodi, poim koj denes pod druga obleka se so~uval neizmenet niz bavniot protok na vekovite, taka {to ostanuva validno uverenieto deka nasproti etni~kite i op{testvenite barieri, potekloto na ~ovekoviot um i moral e edinstveno, tokmu kakvo {to e potekloto na negovite poslovici koe mo`e sporedbeno da se istra`uva. Spored toa, komparativnata paremiologija, odnosno prou~uvaweto na poslovicite poka`uva deka site narodi na svetot im35 Spored zborovite na Erazmo, "prviot koj po~nal da se zanimava so sobirawe na poslovicite bil Aristotel, a osven nego i Krisip, Zenodot i Kleant. Osven toa se sre}avaat nekoi zbirki pod koi stoi imeto na Plutarh. Atenej me|u najpoznatite paremiografi go spomenuva Klearh Solens i Aristid; Zenodot sostavil kompendium od poslovicite na Didim i Tarej. Vo komentarite za Demosten se zboruva i za poslovicite na Teofrast. Pokraj nego se naveduva i paremiografot Milon i izvesen Demon. Na krajot da go spomeneme u{te i postoeweto na zbirkite na Diogenian, a za mnogu drugi zbirki so poslovici zboruvaat Esikij i Suida koi mu gi pripi{uvaat na Tetet, za kogo ne postojat nikakvi popodrobni podatoci", Adagiorum D. Erasmi Roterodami epitome Apud Seb. Gryphium, Lugduni, 1550 (spored: Augusto Arthaber, Dizionario comparato di proverbi e modi proverbiali italiani, latini, francesi, spagnoli, tedeschi, inglesi e greci antichi con relativi indici sistematico-alfabetici, Ulrico Hoepli, Milano, 1981, str. Vii). 36 "Mesure for mesure" - "All is well that ends well". 37 "Hamlet", Act I, Scene 5.

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aat mnogu zaedni~ki ne{ta nasproti granicite i prostornata oddale~enost koi gi delat edni od drugi, i deka tie se kako edno golemo semejstvo koe egzistira nezavisno od razli~nite `ivotni uslovi na svojot razvoj i razli~nite formi na op{testveno-politi~ki sistemi. Sporedbenoto prou~uvawe na poslovicite, vo izvesna merka, mo`e da se smeta za faktor koj pridonesuva za podobroto zaemno razbirawe i pribli`uvawe na narodite. 38 Makedoncite imaat relativno bogato nasledstvo od narodnata kultura i mudrost koi {to go spodeluvaat so ostanatite narodi na svetot. Aktuelnava zbirka na poslovici govori vo prilog na na{ata tradicionalna mudrost. Tie i denes prakti~no se upotrebuvaat od site sloevi na op{testvoto. Pokraj toa, vo nea se vklu~eni i postari poslovici prethodno objaveni vo razni zbirki i zbornici, kako i takvi koi se li~no zabele`ani ili poteknuvaat od bogatiot fond na Arhivot na Institutot za folklor "Marko Cepenkov" vo Skopje. Ovoj trud se sostoi od dva dela. Vo prviot del se poa|a od makedonskiot repertoar na poslovici koj pretstavuva negov prevod kako i tolkuvawe onamu kade{to bukvalniot navod ne e dovolen da mu go dobli`i na angliskiot korisnik pravoto zna~ewe na makedonskiot primer, dodeka vo vtoriot del se dava korpusot od anglisko-makedonski ekvivalentni ili identi~ni paraleli. Pri pretstavuvaweto na poslovicite primenet e kombiniraniot pristap: azbu~niot, odnosno alfabetskiot, pri {to nivnite ekvivalenti i identi~ni primeri se nadopolneti so soodvetni varijanti kade {to mo`at da se najdat pojmovni sli~nosti me|u primerite na dvete respektivni kulturi. Ovaa metoda se poka`ala kako najsoodvetna za vakvite celi, pa zatoa i se koristi vo ovoj slu~aj. Na krajot od sekoj del se nao|a indeks na najfrekventnite klu~ni zborovi, frazeolo{ki izrazi i karakteristi~ni termini koi mo`at da poslu`at za polesno nao|awe na baranata poslovica. Se nadevam deka ovie biseri na narodnata mudrost nasobrani vo tekot na izminatite vekovi }e go privle~at vnimanieto na mnozina korisnici koi od najrazli~ni pri~ini }e se zainteresiraat za niv. Mo`ebi ovaa dvojazi~na i dvonaso~na zbirka na poslovici se javuva so izvesno zadocnuvawe, za{to tie denes ne se tolku interesni kako {to bea do neodamna, kako za onie koi neposredno poteknuvaa od narodnata kultura, taka i za pripadnicite od gradskata sredina, bidej}i tie so niv go zbogatuvaat svojot govor, a nivnata misla se izdiga nad sekojdnevnata prozai~nost. Ovoj izbor na poslovici e mo`ebi prili~no arbitraren,

38 Jerzy Gluski, Proverbs, A Comparative Book of English, French, German, Italian, Spanish and Russian Proverbs with a Latin Appendix, 1971.

 28 Bone Veli~kovski

no sepak vo nego ima dobar del koj zaslu`uva da bide priop{ten ne samo na makedonskiot korisnik, tuku i vo po{iroki ramki. Ovie poslovici koi se nesomneno izvor na narodnata mudrost, no so pogled svrten kon minatoto, odnosno kon istorijata na koja{to i' go dol`ime toa {to sme denes, go pretstavuvaat na~inot na izrazuvawe na jadroto na narodot, {to za nekogo vo ova vreme na celokupni promeni mo`ebi }e zvu~i zastareno, koga gi slu{a ovie frazi koi se povikuvaat na avtoritativnosta. No toa e taka za{to nivnata namena e prvenstveno da go zaklu~at sekoj razgovor ili raspravija {to na{iroko se vodi, po~nuvaj}i od obi~nata sekojdnevna komunikacija pa se' do debatite i polemikite na razni nivoa (javni nastapi, mediumi itn.). Poslednite nekolku decenii, nekoi u~eni krugovi po~naa da se distanciraat od niv, mo`ebi ne od prezir, tuku povle~eni od tekovite na la`niot intelektualizam na sovremeniot svet koj za sebe smeta deka misli so svoja glava i odbiva da ~ue nekoja dobra misla, pa taka go tera da ka`uva sekakvi ne{ta bez pokritie, ~isti kli{ea ili krajni apsurdnosti, bidej}i kako nikoga{ dosega ~ovekot ne bil podlo`en na tu|ite slogani, propagandata, reklamite, uniformizacijata {to izbliknuva od dnoto na duhot i teloto. Vakvata sostojba ne e nikakva novost. Toa e hroni~na bolest na civilizaciite koi mislat deka se pametni, a koi se i verojatno takvi, no sepak se snobovi, zadovolni so sebesi samite pa poradi toa i omrazeni, a toa se onie od izminatite vekovi od intelektualnata Evropa koi isfrlija mnogubrojnite misli i maksimi vo kni`evnite dela, vpro~em ne pomlku voshituva~ki, za da gi zamenat poslovicite. ^esto toa bilo pri~ina da se dojde do op{ti kataklizmi, vojni i revolucii, za na krajot povtorno da se vratime na starite vrednosti. Koga kone~no treskavi~nata eufrija stivnuva, gordosta se zasituva od sebesi samata, se' se vra}a na stariot poredok, a zborovite na pretcite odyvonuvaat vo na{eto se}avawe, i sosema prirodno povtorno ja nao|aat naklonosta {to nikoga{ i ne ja zagubile. Taka toa se odvivalo so mileniumi. Se razbira nekoi poslovici is~eznale dodeka drugi go zazele nivnoto mesto so izrazi koi osvetluvaat sosema novi situacii, ili se javile nekoi navistina memorabilni izreki iska`ani vo nekoi isklu~itelni priliki, a koi {irokite narodni masi sosema spremno gi prifatile i usvoile. Drugi minuvale triumfalno niz minatite vekovi kako da im pripa|aat na site epohi, taka {to pretstavuvaat nerazdelen del od narodniot genij. Denes naprazno se protivat silnite duhovi velej}i deka ne mo`e da i' se veruva na edna poslovica koga taa se poreknuva so druga i kako e mo`no da se povika ~ovek na edna izreka ~ie{to najo~igledno iskustvo ja poka`uva nejzinata neto~nost? Toa e taka poradi toa {to poslovicata ne e matemati~ka teorema i ne pretendira da izrazi nekoja apsolutna

 29 VOVED

vistina. Taa e pohumana i go otslikuva ~ovekot i `ivotot ~ija{to kompleksnost, nasproti izgledot, e beskrajno pogolema otkolku slo`enosta na t.n. egzaktni nauki; a toa e i poradi toa {to nejzinite korewa se dlaboko proniknati vo na{ata du{a taka{to ne e mo`no ottamu lesno da se otstranat. Ako poedine~niot slu~aj nikoga{ ne e povod za nejzinoto sozdavawe, poslovicata sekoga{ se dr`i do stvarnosta, a glavniot junak im go ostava na bajkite, prikaznite i na drugite `anrovi, nu`no ne se dr`i do op{toto i ne propu{ta da gi istakne poznatite ne{ta, ~ove~kite nastojuvawa duri i toga{ koga nemaat univerzalna vrednost. "Daleku od o~ite, daleku od srceto", veli poslovicata, iako ~esto oddale~enosta mo`e da ja zgolemi qubovta, a od bliskosta da se rodi omrazata i netrpenieto. Taa mo`e so pravo da zabele`i deka deteto mo`e da li~i na svoite roditeli ("Kru{ata pod kru{a pa|a", odnosno, "Kakov tatko takov sin"), od niv da gi nasledi nivnite poroci ili mani i da se odnesuva tokmu kako niv. No na ovaa poslovica mo`e da i' se zabele`i deka deteto mo`e napolno da se razlikuva od roditelite i da deluva sprotivno od nivnoto odnesuvawe ("Na skr`av tatko, rasipnik sin"), podvlekuvaj}i na toj na~in dva kontradiktorni fakta, no sosema to~ni, vo odnos na te`inata na nasledniot faktor, od edna, i na va`nosta i potrebata od obrazovanieto, od druga strana. Ottuka, treba li da ja optu`ime za nekoherentnost ili za neto~nost? Nezavisnite i silni duhovi koi toa nema da go propu{tat, }e re~at deka se vo pravo, poka`uvaj}i na toj na~in deka se vsu{nost slabi po svojot karakter. Poslovicata mo`e, bez pritoa da i' se zeme kako nejzina slaba strana, da go poka`e i sprotivnoto od ona {to se slu~uva vo `ivotot, za{to nejzinata namera vo toj slu~aj e da pou~i, da predlo`i eden ideal ili da ponudi nekoj sovet vo odnos na pretpazlivosta ili predosto`nosta. Dali mo`e da i' se veruva koga tvrdi deka "Lo{o spe~alenoto ne odi ni do tretoto koleno"? No dali e lo{o toa {to so toa se saka da se ubedi deka da se stori nepravda e navistina v red? Koga poslovicata tvrdi deka prvin "treba da se otepa me~kata pa potoa da i' se prodava ko`ata", toj {to ja ka`uva ovaa poslovic isto taka mnogu dobro znae deka hrabriot, nasproti rizikot i opasnostite, }e odi do kraj so svojata re{itelnost, dodeka cinikot misli deka podobro e da se zemat parite, a da ne se ispora~a stokata. No dali tuka poslovicata e taa {to gre{i? Mnogu po~esto, me|utoa, taa go konstatira, ponekoga{ ne bez izvesna gor~ina, mo`ebi so ironija ili so izvesna doza na revolt, a isto taka i so srde~en izbliv na smea, postoeweto na realnosta takva kakva {to e, realnost koja{to e va`e~ka barem za socijalnata sredina od kade{to iskrsnuva i ~ij{to registar se protega od najskromnoto do najrafiniranoto, za{to bi se izlagale ako vo nea ne bi go sogledale izrazot na duhot kako na poniskite, taka i na povisokite slovevi na

 30 Bone Veli~kovski

op{testvoto, realnost koja{to e va`e~ka i za toj na kogo taa mu se obra}a i od kogo poteknuva. Edna poslovica bi mo`ela razli~no da se primeni vo Makedonija vo odnos na Angli~anite, osobeno koga se raboti, a toa e prili~no ~est slu~aj, za klimatskite, socijalnite, pa duri i semejnite priliki: "Kade ima ~ad, ima i kavga", ili: "Kamenot {to se trkala ne sobira mahovina/treva". Poseduvaj}i vrhovna sloboda koja voshituva, poslovicata si dozvoluva se': ja odbiva sekoja prepreka koja{to bi mo`ela da ja dr`i vo zato~eni{tvo, odi od edna krajnost vo druga, stignuva do edna koncentrirana i koncizna literarna forma koja{to ~esto i' dava izvonredna ubavina. Taa zadira vo site oblasti na `ivotot, rasprava za se' i otse~no debatira, no nikoga{ ne stanuva `rtva na svoite sopstveni ekscesi. Taa e narodot - kral, eden kapriciozen kral koj mo`e da si go dozvoli takvoto odnesuvawe, bidej}i vladee, a ne upravuva. A sekoj mo`e da si go zadr`i pravoto da ja slu{a ili voop{to da ne i' obrnuva nikakvo vnimanie. Poslovicata mo`e da se smeta za poseben `anr samo ako e bezimena, ili e stanata anonomna samo ako se zaboravi nejziniot avtor, i taa glavno e ma{ka tvorba za {to govori nejzinata postojana mizoginija, univerzalna i ~esto surova, no koja{to pretstavuva sredstvo koe se prenesuva od generacija na generacija naj~esto so posredstvo na `enite. Isto kako i prikaznite i prispivnite pesni, poslovicata bez somnenie e stara kolku i svetot i morala da gi izrazi ~ove~kite ~uvstva u{te toga{ koga tie mo`ele da ja oformat, na ist na~in kako i umetnosta. Glavnata osobenost na poslovicata e nejzinata univerzalna pojava. Ne postoi vreme nitu narod {to ne ja poznava. Stariot Egipet ja gael isto kako {to toa se pravelo vo Kina, vo judejskite i gr~ko-rimskite obrasci vo koi se oformila nejzinata dene{na forma kaj evropskite narodi. Sekoga{ i nasekade, taa se povinuva na istite na~ela i zakonitosti na `anrot na koj{to mu pripa|a. A tie principi ne se taka ednostavni za definirawe kako {to se ~ini na prv pogled. Mnogu nau~nici u{te od najstarite epohi se potrudile da ja stavat vo kalupi bez da uspeat da gi opfatat nejzinite ramki nitu pak da dadat kone~na formulacija za nea koja{to bi bila zadovolitelna. U{te poparadoksalno e toa {to vo su{tina sekoj od nas sovr{eno ~uvstvuva {to e taa i ne rizikuva da ja pome{a so aforizmot, maksimata, izrekata, osven vo izvesen broj na ekstremni slu~ai, {to vsu{nost e pri~inata za te{kotiite so koi{to se sre}avame pri nejzinoto prou~uvawe. Takviot nejzin karakter poradi koj{to ne mo`e da se definira ne i' odzema ni{to od nejzinata privle~nost koja se nadovrzuva na onie osobenosti {to ve}e gi poseduva, a toa e mudrosta {to ponekoga{ izgleda za~uduva~ka vo odnos na toa kako taa vladee so jazikot, so onaa raznovidnost na tonovite i formite, sekoga{ koncizna, lesno pomliva, so nejzinoto neprestano proiz-

 31 VOVED

veduvawe na novi pretstavi, sliki, stilski figuri i sporedbi, so nejzinata ~udesna vitalnost, tolku intenzivna i raznovidna isto kako onaa {to mo`e da se sretne samo vo prirodata, so nejzinata postojanost i dolgove~nost, zaedno so nejzinata neulovlivost, kratkost, spontan izblik i, sekako, brzo zaboravawe. Toa e ona zaboravawe koe{to se javuva koga se lista edna zbirka na poslovici i se dobiva vpe~atok kako da sme vo poseta na retki i skapoceni anti~ki spomenici. Me|utoa, ona {to ja so~inuva nejzinata najvisoka vrednost i zaslu`uva da go zadr`i najmnogu na{eto vnimanie e toa {to taa na eden mo{ne ednostaven i neposreden na~in go izrazuva ona {to se narekuva narodna mudrost i {to ednostavno pove}e bi odgovaralo da se nare~e dlaboka sovest na ~ovekot. Tuka naiduvame na eden golem problem. Nikoj ne bi mo`el seriozno da porekne deka poslovicata kako narodna umotvorba vo naj{irokata i najblagorodnata smisla na zborot ne go izrazuva na~inot na ~uvstvuvawe i mislewe na eden kolektivitet. Samo pra{aweto e vo toa da se znae dali sekoja zaednica misli i ~uvstvuva na na~in na koj mo`e da se izrazi sebesi nasproti neizbe`nite provincijalizmi, na eden entitet {to se protega od najbliskiot do najoddale~eniot od nas. So drugi zborovi, dali e toa eden Angli~anec ili Makedonec. Na~inot na `iveewe, klimata, op{testveno-ekonomskite uslovi, jazi~nata struktura, a mo`ebi u{te i religijata sekako deka vo golema mera povlijaele vrz pretstavata za svetot okolu nas, pa poradi toa i na na~inot na izrazuvawe. Zna~i, cel eden korpus na poslovici nu`no gi odrazuvaat nacionalnite ili provinciskite preokupacii. Dali toa se odnesuva na site? Obi~no se veli, poradi uprostuvawe na problemot, deka se raboti za, na primer, "makedonski poslovici", bez da se precizira deka me|u niv ima i stru{ki poslovici koi ne mo`at da bidat i prilepski, skopski ili kumanovski. Sepak mo`e da se vidi deka me|u niv postojat srodnosti i zaedni~ki crti so drugite indoevropski narodi, davaj}i i' pred se' prednost na lingvisti~kata struktura. Na istiot na~in bi mo`elo da se ispita postoeweto na hristijanski poslovici, davaj}i im ovojpat prednost na religioznite kriteriumi. Taka barem bi mo`el da se pro{iri horizontot i da se prenese komparativnoto prou~uvawe na dva ili pove}e narodi. Vo ovoj trud, so dobli`uvaweto na eden odreden kvantum od makedonski i angliski poslovici i pogovorki na izvesen na~in mo`e da se naseti postoeweto na edinstvoto na ~ove~kata misla, iako se raboti za komparacija na ovie kratki `anrovi samo na dve jazi~ni celini. Za po~etok, ostanuva ubedenosta deka paremiografijata i paremiologijata mo`at da pomognat vo me|usebnoto zapoznavawe i pribli`uvawe na narodite, {to o~igledno zavisi i od mnogu drugi faktori.

 32 Bone Veli~kovski

Zapoznavawe na narodite? Ako poslovicata e samata du{a na narodot koja se izrazuva na najneposreden i najednostaven na~in, {to zna~i deka e najmalku ve{ta~ki, kako {to pogore be{e postaveno kako premisa, toga{ kako edna zbirka na poslovici ne bi mo`ela da bide najdobroto sredstvo za stapuvawe vo najblizok odnos so narodot? Makedoncite na koi{to im pretstoi period na kopleksni promeni, seu{te imaat mo`nost da se soo~at so eden re~isi negibnat i prili~no golem sloj na pripadnici od selskata sredina, za{to se znae deka vo takvata sredina najmnogu otkolku vo drugite sredini se javile i seu{te se ra|aat poslovicite. I ne e slu~ajno {to makedonskiot narod koj{to do neodamna vode{e tradicionalen na~in na `iveewe, narod na zemjodelci i sto~ari, e eden od onie koj im pridaval osobeno zna~ewe na poslovicite, gi sozdal vo golem broj, vklu~uvaj}i se kako dostoen tvorec na ovoj priznat literaturen `anr {to go deli so golemoto svetsko semejstvo. Golem broj od poslovicite {to tuka se izbrani ne se samo panorama na edno minato vreme, tuku tie seu{te se vo `iva upotreba i zaslu`uvaat, poradi nivnata o~igledna vrednost i nesporno zna~ewe, da bidat pretstaveni na po{irokata javnost vo nivnata izvorna forma, za{to vo niv e zadr`ana sve`inata na jazikot i negovite slobodni i sirovi izrazni mo`nosti nasledeni od minatite epohi, koga ne postoele sredstva i na~in da bidat grafiski fiksirani. Se razbira, postojat i drugi na~ini da se zapoznae Makedonija i Makedoncite pokraj nivnite poslovici i jazikot na koi tie se izrazeni. No izu~uvaj}i ja istorijata, razgleduvaj}i gi spomenicite na kulturata i umetni~kite dela vo koi{to nesporno se o~ituva darbata na eden narod, ne mo`e odblisku da se zapoznae narodot i zemjata ako podolgo ne se kontaktira so nejzinite lu|e. A toa najlesno mo`e da se ostvari so namerno ili slu~ajno dru`ewe so ovie male~ki frazi koi tuka se sobrani so odredena cel, a {to mo`e patem mo`e da pru`i ogromno zadovolstvo. Nivniot broj e ograni~en, dadeni se vo original i kako prevod na angliski ili e navedena nivnata identi~na ili ekvivalentna angliska verzija, klasificirani spored eden od voobi~aenite kriteriumi prifateni vo naukata za poslovicite. Tie so~inuvaat relativno mala zbirka so nade` deka }e pretstavuva neophodna referenca za najrazli~ni korisnici. Dali se raboti za komparativno prou~uvawe? Osnovnite prerogativi se tuka i nema somnevawe deka paremiografot ili paremiologot, ~itaj}i gi makedonskite poslovici samiot }e izvle~e nekoi pribli`uvawa koi se nametnuvaat vo odnos na angliskite poslovici. No site ne se specijalisti za poslovicite! A, bidej}i ponekoga{ izrazot ne e ist, odnosno ne korespondira bukvalno vo dvata jazika, makedonskiot, odnosno angliskiot ekvivalent vedna{ ne ni' pa|a na pamet. So komparativnoto naveduvawe na makedonskite i angliskite poslovici vo dvete

 33 VOVED

nasoki, }e i' se pomogne na na{ata memorija podobro i polesno da se snajdeme (koristej}i gi i neophodnite indeksi), kako i da gi o`iveeme i osve`ime na{ite se}avawa za edno vreme i edna sostojba na duhot. So predavaweto na ekvivalentite na dvata respektivni jazika, makedonskiot i angliskiot, pred na{ite o~i iskrsnuva panoramata na bogatoto proverbijalno kulturno nasledstvo. Bidej}i podgotvuvaweto na eden vakov trud bara zna~itelen napor i vnimatelnost, se nadevam deka negovite vistinski dimenzii }e go najdat svoeto mesto me|u onie na koi tie }e im bidat neopodni za najrazli~ni celi. Poslovicite kako: "Vo carstvoto na slepite ednookiot e car", "[to o~i brgu ne vidat, brgu }e zaboravaat", "Koga ma~kata ne e doma, gluvcite oro vodat", ponekoga{ se prevedeni, a ponekoga{ se ekvivalentna ili indenti~na jazi~na realizacija. Takvite sli~nosti, sekako, go nametnuvaat pra{aweto za eventualnite pozajmici od zaedni~ki izvori, za imitacija na na~inot na mislewe i izrazuvawe itn. Vo sekoj slu~aj tie go pottiknuvaat istra`uva~kiot duh i otvoraat ogromni perspektivi i, mo`ebi, neograni~eno pole na idni istra`uvawa. Tie se samo edna brazda, prv ~ekor kon edno poopse`no komparativno prou~uvawe taka{to ovoj trud e samo edna suma, edna etapa so koja se otvoraat novi vrati za drugi dela koi mo`ebi u{te utre }e bidat napi{ani.

Makedonski i angliski poslovici i pogovorki

A 1. A so grneto po kamen, a so kamenot po grne - te{ko na grneto. (Kav. 184). Whether the pitcher strikes the stone or the stone the pitcher, it is bad for the pitcher. Ajvanot se vrzvit so j'`e, a ~vek so zbor. (Kav. 4). Ajvanot se vrzvit so oglamnik, a ~vekot so j'zik. (Kav. 5). An animal can be tied with a rope; a human being with a word. An ox is taken by the horns and a man
by the tongue.

2.

3. 4. 5. 6.

Ako arno prajme, arno }e ostajme. (Kav. 8). If we perform good works, we will leave something worthwhile behind. Ako bide baba moma, ponapred dedo }e bide ergenin. (MNU 21). If my granny had been a girl, my grandpa would have been a boy. If my aunt
had been a man, she'd have been my uncle.

7.

Ako bidi{ magare, sekoj }e te vjat. (Kav. 11). If you're a donkey, everyone will ride you. Ako vrnit se `aqat na vlaga, ako ne vrnit se `aqat na su{a. (Kav. 12). If it rains, they complain about the wet; if it doesn't, they complain about the drought. Ako go vati{ prijatel kamilxijata, brgo praj ja povisoko portata. (MNU 28). If you want to become a camel owner's friend, start quickly to build your gates higher. He who builds by the roadside has many masters. A
house built by the wayside is either too high or too low.

8. 9. 10.

Ako go pu{ti{ pod krevet, }e ti se ka~i na krevet. If you let him under the bed, he will come into it. Take the bit and the buffet with it. Ako gorit ku}ata od kom{ijata, vardi ja i tvojata. (Kav. 17). Look to thyself when thy neighbour's house is on fire. Ako da znaev koga }e umrev, sam grobot }e si go iskopav. (MNU

 36 Bone Veli~kovski

11.

12. 13. 14.

15.

16. 17. 18.

19. 20. 21.

22. 23. 24.

25.

30). If I knew the exact hour of my death, I would dig my own grave immediately. Ako dojdi redo da go toara{, "vrap~e sum ti", veli; a pak ako mu re~i{: "e de, letni de, koa si vrap~e!" - "e da kamila sum", ti veli. (MNU 33). He bellows like a bull, but is as weak as a bulrush. Ako e kus denot, d'lga e godinata. (Kav. 23). If the day is short, at least the year is long. Ako e ocedo bez pari, on e posladok i od medo. (MNU 42). Vinegar that doesn't cost anything is sweeter than honey. Ako e ~oekot kus od ali{teto, mo`i{ da mu pridai{; ama ako e od umot - ne mo`i{. (MNU 50). If somebody is short of clothes, you can help them - if they're short of brains, you can't. Ako eden budala frlat kamen v bunar, sto pametni ne mo`at da go izvadat. (P.D. 48). A fool may throw a stone into a well, which a hundred wise men cannot pull out. Ako i' zgazi{ na zmijata na opa{kata, }e se svrtit da te ukasat. (MNU 55). If you step on a snake's tail, it will turn around and bite you. Ako 'i slu{a{e Gospod ku~iwana, pastrma }e vrne{e. (Kav. 47). If God listened to the dogs, it would rain dog food (pastrami). Ako 'i slu{a{e Gospod magariwana, nieden samarxija ne }e ostane{e `iv. (Kav. 48). If God listened to the donkeys, not a single saddle maker will be left alive. Ako ima nekade poarno, vikaj me i mene. (MNU 63). If there's a better place than this world somewhere else, call me. Ako ima pari, ima sekade; ako nema pari, nema nikade. (MNU 64). With money, there's an everywhere. Without money, there's nowhere. Ako ima{ vujko vladika, lesno }e se stori{ pop. (Kav. 42). If your uncle is the bishop, you won't have a problem getting an appointment as a priest. Ako ima{ ma{a, ne va}aj go ogno so raka. (MNU 71). If you have a pair of tongs, there is no need to pick up the embers with your bare hands. Ako je slu`i{ na parata, si najsiromav. (Kav. 50). If you are a slave to money, you are the poorest of people. Ako me besite, probesite me (pobrgu), otu mi pla~at decata. (MNU 81). If you're going to hang me, do it quickly, because my children are crying. Ako mi bie{ senkata, koga ne mi bie{ snagata. (MNU 88). I don't have a problem so long as you beat my shadow and not my body. Sticks and
stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me. Hard words break no bones. Call me cousin but cousin me not. Words may pass, but blows fall heavy.

26.

Ako mi e vesel kom{ijata, pobrgu }e si ja ispredam kadelkata. (MNU 92). Ako mi e vesel kom{ijata, pobrgu }e si ja svr{am rabotata. (MNU 93). If my neighbour is merry, I'll do my work quickly. A

 37 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

good neighbour, a good morrow. All is well with him who is beloved of his neighbours. You must ask your neighbour if you shall live in peace. A near neighbour is better than a far-dwelling kinsman.

27. 28. 29. 30.

Ako mi e kriv oxako, koga mi izleguva naprao ~adot. (MNU 94). Although my chimney is crooked, the smoke goes straight away. Crooked
logs make straight fires.

Ako mo`i{ da trpi{, kako beg }e si pomini{. (MNU 98). If you are tolerant, you will live well (like a lord). Ako mu go podaj{ prstot, }e ti ja grabnit i r'kata. (Kav. 62). Give him your finger, and he will take your hand. Give him an inch, and he'll take an
ell.

31. 32. 33. 34.

Ako mu dava{ na maloto dete se' {to sakat, }e te naterat da mu ja simni{ i mese~inata. (MNU 100). A spoilt child, who is given everything, will ask you to get the moon down from the heavens. Ako mu dade{ peda, }e ti bara cel ar{in. Give him an inch, and he'll take an ell. Ako mu dade{ poklupkata }e ti saka i grneto. (MNU 101). Give him the cover, and he'll take the pot. Give him an inch, and he'll take an ell. Give
a clown your finger, and he will take your hand.

Ako na magareto ne mo`e da udre, na samaro }e udre. (MNU 104). He can't beat the donkey, so he beats the saddle instead. He that cannot beat
the ass beats the saddle. He that cannot beat the horse beats the saddle.

Ako na mladost ni{to ne si sobiral, na starost ni{to nema da najde{. An idle youth, a needy age. (Sirah 25, 5 / Ecclesiasticus 25, 3). A
young courtier, an old beggar. If you lay upon roses when young, you'll lie upon thorns when old. Ako nau~i{ da pla~e{, }e znae{ i kako da se smee{. (Onie {to sejat so solzi, `neat so pesni). Learn weeping, and you shall gain laugh-

35.

36. 37.

ing. (Psalmi 126, 5 / Psalms 126, 5). Ako ne mi bea o~ive da vidam, mo`e{e i da se izla`am. (MNU 125). I would have been deceived if it weren't for these very eyes. Ako ne mo`e da go fane za grivata, neka go fane za opa{kata. (MNU 128). Ako ne moj{ da ja fati{ za griva, fati ja za opa{ka.
(Ovaa poslovica se odnesuva na rabotata i zna~i: Rabotaj vo sekoe vreme.). (Kav. 74). If you can't grab it by the mane, at least grab it by the

38.

39. 40.

tail. Ako ne mo`it ~oek da bidit li~en i bogat, da za umen i ~esen mo`it. (MNU 131). If it's not possible to be beautiful and rich, it certainly is possible to be intelligent and honourable. Ako ne moj{ da napraj{ kako saka{, napraj kako moj{. (Kav. 75). If you can't do what you want, do what you can. Ako ne rani{ ma~ki, }e rani{ gluvci. (MNU 133). If you don't feed cats, you'll certainly feed mice.

 38 Bone Veli~kovski

41. 42.

Ako ne umre u krastavici }e umre u tikvi. (MNU 139). If doesn't die in the time of cucumbers, he will die in the season of pumpkins. Ako nekoj ne saka da raboti, neka i ne jade! He that will not work shall not eat. (II Solunjani 3, 10 / II Thessalonians 3, 10). If you won't
work, you shan't eat. No pains, no gains. No sweet without some sweat. No mill, no meal. A horse that will not carry the saddle must have no oats.

43. 44. 45. 46.

47. 48.

Ako nema{e temnica, i~ ne }e se miluva{e videlinata. (MNU 121). If there were no darkness, people would not be fond of the light. Ako oj{ po dale~nijot p't, porano }e ftasa{. (Kav. 83). The longest way round is the shortest way home. Ako padnam, pa }e stanam; ne sum grne da se skr{am. (MNU 143). If I fall, I can pick myself up again as I am not a pot that can be broken. Ako prijatelot ti e od med ili {e}er, ne go jadi celiot. If your friend is made of honey or sugar, don't eat him completely. (If our friends are good people, we ought to respect them and not to exploit their goodness). Ako saka kameno da puka od gore{tina, jas }e trajam. (MNU 155). Let the rock burst from the heat, I will endure. Ako saka{ da go otepaat nekoj pes, re~i, oti e od bes. (MNU 156). If you want a dog killed, spread a rumour that it has gone mad. He that would
hang his dog gives out first that he is mad. It is easy to find a stick to beat a dog. A staff is quickly found to beat a dog. If you want a pretence to whip a dog, say that he ate the frying-pan.

49. 50.

51.

52.

Ako saka{ nekogo da go zbudali{, pofali go. (Kav. 94). If you want to make a fool of someone, praise him to the skies. Ako saka{ nekogo da go poznaj{, napraj go (stori go) golemec. (Kav. 96). If you want to get to know someone, make him out to be important. Ako saka{ nekogo da go poznaj{, trebit edno vre{~e soq da izej{ so nego. (Kav. 95). If you want to get to know someone really well, you need time - as much time as it takes to eat a huge bag of salt with him. Ako se boe{e dedo od vrapcite, proso ne }e posee{e. (MNU 159). Ako se pla{e{e dedo od rap~iwa, ne }e posee{e proso. (Kav. 100). Forbear not sowing because of birds. He that counts all costs will never
put plough in the earth.

53.

54. 55. 56.

Ako se omrsam, barem za jagne pe~eno da se omrsam, a ne za jajce vareno. (MNU 175). If you should sin by breaking my Lenten fast, let it be for roast lamb rather than a mere boiled egg. Ako se stori{ med, i muite }e te jadat (ili }e te pquvaet). (MNU 178). Make yourself all honey and the flies will devour you. The
wolf shall eat him that makes himself a sheep.

Ako se stori{ ovca, sekoj }e te stri`it. (MNU 179). If you're a sheep, everybody will shear you. Ako si v'lk, sekoj }e begat od tebe. (Od lo{jot ~vek sekoj begat.). (Kav. 103). If you're a wolf, everyone will run from you.

 39 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

57.

58. 59. 60. 61. 62.

Ako si mi tatko, ne si mi Gospod, da {to saka{ da mi se ka~i{ kako petel na vrato? (MNU 184). You are my father, not my God, so why do you want to stand on my neck like some rooster? Ako si mos', sekoj preku tebe }e vrvit. (GK, II, str. 179). Make yourself a bridge and everyone will step on you. Ako si pomagame eden na drugi, i Gospod }e ni pomo`it. (MNU 188). If we help each other, God Himself will help us. Ako si poseal, }e po`ne{. (GK, II, str. 179). As you sow, so you shall reap. Ako si siromav, barem ne bidi mrsulav. (MNU 192). Don't go around with a runny nose, even if you are poor. Ako slepec slepca vodit, dvajcata v endek }e padnet. (Kav. 113). Ako slepec vodi slepec, obata }e padnat vo jama. If the blind leads the blind, both will fall in the ditch. (Matej 15, 14 / Matthew 15, 14). A
blind leads the blind.

63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

Ako sme bra}a }esiwata ne ni' se sestri. (Kav. 114). If we are brothers, our purses are not sisters. Brothers should always keep good accounts with
each other. Business is business. One hand will not wash the other for anything.

73. 74. 75.

Ako snema ~avki, }e snema i koko{ki. (MNU 200). If there were no crows, there would also be no chickens. Ako sum siromav, ama kabul ne ~inam tu|o da izeam. (MNU 207). I will not consent to eat another's food, even if I am poor. Ako sum ti `ena, ne sum ti robinka. (Kav. 120). I may be your wife, but I'm certainly not your slave. Ako te vidi so otvoreni o~i, toj }e ti zavidi. (MNU 210). If he sees that your eyes are still open, he will envy you. Ako te udri nekoj so kamen, ti udri go so leb. (MNU 212). If someone hits you with a stone, you throw back a loaf of bread at him. Ako ti e `enata mlada, ne sedi mnogu na tu|ina. (MNU 215). If your wife is young, don't stay too long in foreign lands. Ako ti e krivo liceto, ne quti mu se na ogqaloto. (Kav. 122). If your face is crooked, don't blame the mirror. Ako ti e slab uma, da ti e jak grba. (MNU 219). If your mind is weak, make sure you have a strong back. Ako ti ja klaat alkata na nosot, kako me~ka }e mi te vodat. (MNU 221). Once they put the ring on your nose, you will be dragged around everywhere like a bear. Ako trpi{, ko beg }e `ivej{. (Kav. 134). If you can forbear, you will live like a lord. Be still, and have thy will. Ako umram, zer vekot }e go sotram. (MNU 226). If I die, it's not as if the whole world would be annihilated. Ako ~oekot et vo snaga kako skot, ama vo du{ata et kako bog.

 40 Bone Veli~kovski

76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95.

(MNU 228). A man is like an animal in body, and like a god in spirit. Alal da ti (mu) e mlekoto maj~ino. (Kav. 137). A blessing on the milk he imbibed from his mother! Ali se stori ~oek aramija, po sebesi ja vle~e ortomata. (MNU 236). Once a man has taken the path of crime, he drags his own noose. Ali{tata go poka`uvaat ~oeka za bogat i siromav. (MNU 239). The dress makes the man rich or poor. Ama {to bri~ mu trgnav, duri ko`ata mu ja sodrav. (MNU 254). I shaved him so closely that I removed his skin! Apetitot doa|a so jadeweto. Appetite comes with eating. Eating and
scratching wants but a beginning.

Aram stoka spe~alena, }e iste~it kako voda. (MNU 283). Ill-gotten gains are soon wasted. Aramija od aramija ne se sramuva. (MNU 271). A thief feels no shame before another thief. A thief knows a thief as a wolf knows a wolf. Aramija od aramija razlika ima. (MNU 272). There are criminals and criminals. Aramija so skorni niz ~ar{ija odi. (MNU 274). A thief passes for a gentleman when stealing has made him rich. Aren ti e zborot, ama tikven ti e gro{ot. (MNU 294). Your word is good, but your coin is of a pumpkin. Good words fill not a sack. Many words
will not fill a bushel.

Arnata ovca mnogu ne blejt, ama mnogu mleko dat. (Kav. 168). The good sheep doesn't bleat much, but gives lots of milk. Arnata re~ carskata porta ja otvarat. (MNU 302). The good word will open royal doors. Kind words go a long way. A man's hat in his hand, never
did him any harm.

Arnata stoka sama se prodava. (MNU 304). Worthwhile products sell themselves. Arnata stoka seki pat si ~ini parata. (MNU 305). Good ware makes quick markets. Arniot zbor `elezna vrata otvorat. (Kav. 172). The good word will open iron doors. Good words cost naught. Kind words go a long way. Lip-Honour
costs little, yet may bring in much. Civility costs nothing.

Arniot junak doma ne umirat. (MNU 314). The real hero does not die in his bed. Arniot kow i pod lo{ mutav se poznaat. (MNU 317). You can spot the good horse even under a shabby blanket. You can spot the good horse even
with a bad rider.

Arniot ~oek se' dobrina prait i pak nikomu ne se falit. (MNU 320). The good man performs good deeds without boasting. Arnoto ne idit vedna{, da za lo{oto duri da trepni{. (MNU 334). Good takes time, whereas evil comes in the blink of an eye. Arnoto sekoj go valit, ama sekoj ne go dr`it. (MNU 336). Every-

 41 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

96.

body sings the praises of good, but not all do it. Atoite koga se klocaat, magariwata poarnoto seno go jadat. (MNU 344). When horses kick each other, the donkeys get the best hay. B

97. 98. 99. 100. 101. 102. 103. 104.

Badijala kiselina i od med e poslatka. (MNU 378). Vinegar that doesn't cost anything is sweeter than honey. Badijalxijata si bara badijalxija. (MNU 380). The loafer only wants other loafers for company. Baraj go dobroto i najdi go, oti ne ti idi samo. (MNU 386). Make an effort to seek out goodness because it won't come of its own accord. Baraj k'smed vo rabotata, a ne vo nade`ta. (Kav. 193). Seek good luck with hard work, not with high hopes. Baraj, ako saka{ da dobie{. (P.D. 228). Ask if you want to obtain. He
that cannot ask cannot live.

105. 106. 107. 108. 109. 110. 111. 112. 113. 114.

Barajte i }e najdete. Ask, and it shall be given you. (Matej 7, 7 / Matthew 7, 7). Ba~ilo od sviwi ne se prajt. (Kav. 202). You can't have a dairy farm with pigs. Ba{tavanxijata saka drugo [do`d], a kirimit~ijata - drugo [sonce]. (MNU 400). The gardener prays for rain, while the brick maker wants sunny days. The sun does not shine on both sides of the hedge at once. Begaj od pijanio kako od ulaio. (MNU 403). Avoid the drunkard as you would avoid the crazy man. Beganoa majka belo nosila, a Stojanova crno (nosila). (MNU 408). He that fights and runs away may live to fight another day. Begat volo, deka go dupit so osteno voloaro. (MNU 412). The ox gets a move on because the herdsman goads him. Begat volo, deka go du{a {trkalo. (MNU 411). The ox flees from the yoke (stinging fly). Begat kako |aol od temjan. (MNU 413). He fled like a devil from incense. The devil loves no holy water. Begat kako |aolot od temjan i Evreinot od krstot. (MNU 414). He fled like a devil from incense and Jew from cross. The devil loves no holy
water.

Begat kako nekoja jagula, {to se slizga od raka. (MNU 416). Like an eel in your hands - that's how slippery he is. Bez vreme ni{to ne zree. (MNU 424). Without time, nothing ripens. Bez duri ne zianit trgoecot, ne dobivat. (MNU 427). For the businessman, there is no profit without loss. Bez duri ne pa|a dete, ne mo`i da se nau~i da odi. (MNU 428). A

 42 Bone Veli~kovski

115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122.

child learns to walk after many falls. Bez duri ne se ispoti{, v ambar ne mo`i{ da turi{. (MNU 430). Your barn will be empty unless you sweat. Bez `ena, bez ku}a. (MNU 431). A man without a wife is like being without a house. It is not good that the man should be alone. A man without a wife
is but half a man.

Bez zdravje nemat bogatstvo. (Kav. 214). Health is better than wealth.
Health is great riches.

123. 124. 125. 126.

Bez maka nema nauka. (MNU 435). Without suffering, there is no knowledge. Bez mera koj{to jadi, brzo }e se poboli. (MNU 437). Whoever eats without moderation, will fall sick. Bez mera koj{to raboti, brgo }e se umori. (MNU 438). Whoever works without moderation, will soon be exhausted. Bez m'ka ni pesma ne se ispevjat. (Kav. 217). Without suffering, not even a song can be sung. Bez pari ni v raj, ni v pekol ne te priberveet. (Parite se nu`ni za sekoja rabota i vo sekoja okolnost i slu~aj, dobar ili lo{.). (MNU 446). Without money, they won't even let you in hell or in heaven. Bez pot nemat beri}et. (Kav. 220). No sweet without some sweat. No
pains, no gains.

Bez rabota, bez leb; bez rabota, bez ~est. (Kav. 221). No work, no bread; no work, no honour. If you won't work, you shan't eat. He that will not
work shall not eat. No mill, no meal.

Bez sloboda ko riba bez voda. (Kav. 223). To be without freedom, is to be a fish without water. Bela para za crnega dena. (GK II, str. 179). Beli pari za crni dni. (Kav. 228, MNU 460, Kis. 32). Save white coins for black days. Spare
when you're young and spend when you're old. For age and want save while you may: no morning sun lasts a whole day. Make ample provision for old age. Lay up against a rainy day. Keep something for a rainy day. Keep something for him that rides on the white horse.

127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 132.

Beloto ne prai go crno, koga te va}a inato. (MNU 472). Don't say white is black out of sheer pigheadedness. Beloto si e sekoga{ belo, a crnoto - crno. (MNU 473). White is always white - and black, always black. Berbero }e bri~i i zdrao i }elao. (MNU 485). The barber will shave all types of heads. Berberot na ludiot se u~i da bri~i. A barber learns to shave by shaving fools. Besot gla |init. (Kav. 238). Anger leads to death. Anger is half madness.
Anger is a short madness.

Bi go samaro, da se seti magareto. (MNU 494). Hit the saddle so that donkey will get the hint.

 43 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

133. 134. 135. 136. 137.

Bidi mu na |aolot drugar, ako saka{ da te turni v bunar. (MNU 497). Be the devil's friend and expect to be pushed down a well. Bidi ~oek, a ne ne~oek. (MNU 498). Be a human being and not its opposite. Biqbiqot od j'zikot si trgat. (Kav. 240). The tongue of the nightingale talks at its head's cost. A fool's tongue is long enough to cut his own
throat.

138.

Biol vo bav~a ne se pu{ta, oti seta }e ja iscapa. (MNU 506). You should not allow a bull into a garden, as it will destroy everything. Blag, blag, duri muite }e go izeat. (Blag se poka`uva so zborot, a so srceto e kako luta zmija.). (MNU 517). He's so sweet that the flies will eat him; in fact, he is as poisonous as a snake. Blaga re~ `elezna vrata otvorat. (MNU 515). Blagata lakrdija `elezni porti otvara. (MNU 516). Blagiot zbor i `elezna vrata otvorat. (Kav. 244). A kind word opens iron gates. A soft word opens iron gates. Good words cost naught. Kind words go a long way. Full of courtesy,
full of craft. A man's hat in his hand never did him any harm. Civility costs nothing. Lip-Honour costs little, yet may bring in much.

139. 140.

Blagosoeno vino, a prokleto pijanstvo. (MNU 521). Blessed wine, accursed drunkenness. Bli`nata 'r` e poarna od dale~nata p~ejnca. (MNU 527). Bliznata jar{ je poblaga od p~eincata. (MNU 528). A near rye is better than wheat far away. A near neighbour is better than a far-dwelling kinsman. Better is a neighbour that is near than a brother far off. All is well with him who is beloved of his neighbours. A good friend is my nearest relation. A good neighbour, a good morrow.

141. 142. 143. 144. 145. 146. 147. 148.

Bog da ne' pazi od siroma{tija i od prostotija. (MNU 542). May God protect us from poverty and ignorance. Bog da ne' ~ua od ludi mladi. (MNU 543). May God protect us from wild youth. Bog da ne' ~ua od prepraeni svetci. (MNU 544). May God protect us from false saints. Bog da ne' ~ua od stari nerazbrani. (MNU 545). May God protect us from crabby old age. Bog da pazi od lo{i `eni, od kalu|eri i od lo{i drugari. (MNU 538). May God protect us from evil women, monks and bad company. Bog da te ~ua od gladna vo{ka: deka }e ti se zapie, meso }e ti otkine. (MNU 551). God protect you from a hungry flea. Bog da te ~ua od doma{en aramija. (MNU 552). May God protect us from a thief in your own house. Bog da te ~ua od lo{i prijateli, da za od du{mani sam }e se ~ua{. (MNU 1200). God defend me from my friends; from my enemies I can defend myself. Save us from our friends.

 44 Bone Veli~kovski

149. 150. 151. 152.

153. 154. 155. 156. 157.

Bog da te ~ua od tamav}ar i od zavisliv. (MNU 554). May God protect us from the greedy and the envious. Bog da te ~ua od tu|a beqa i od lo{a stre}a. (MNU 555). God protect you from someone else's misfortunes and quarrels. Bog et vo srcata na tie, {to go baraat. (MNU 557). God is in the hearts of those who seek Him. Bog zabaat (da otplatit ili da naka`et), ama ne zaboraat. (MNU 558). Bog, spolaj mu, zabavja ama ne zaboravuva. (MNU 563). God stays long, but strikes at last. God hath leaden feet, but iron hands. Bogatiot ima mnogu drugari. Rich folk have many friends. (Poslovici 14, 20; 19, 4 / Proverbs 14, 20; 19, 4). Bogatiot ~ovek se smeta za mudar sebesi. He is wise that is rich. (Poslovici 28, 11 / Proverbs 28, 11). Bogatstvoto ima krilja. Riches have wings. (Poslovici 23, 5 / Proverbs 23, 5). Boj se od tia voda. (MNU 584). Take heed of still waters. Take heed of
still waters, the quick pass away. God defend me from the still water, and I'll keep myself from the rough. Still waters run deep.

158. 159. 160. 161. 162. 163. 164. 165. 166. 167. 168.

Bolen le`i lo{io ~ovek, na postela et i pak od lo{oto ne se ostava. (MNU 589). Even on his sick bed, the evil man persists in his wicked ways. Bolesta et po lu|eto, a ne po planiweto i po kameweto. (MNU 597). Sickness is found amongst people, not in mountains and rocks. Bolesta idi u ~oeka so oki, a bega so dramoi. (MNU 598). Mischief comes by the pound and goes away by the ounce. Diseases come on horseback,
but go away on foot.

Bolesta lesno doa|a, a lesno ne si ode. (MNU 600). Illness comes easily, but is very hard to get rid of. Mischief has swift wings. Bolesta se va}a za ~oeka kako nekoja pijaica. (MNU 601). Disease fastens on people like a leech. Bolnio vo bolesta najmnogu za greo se se}aa. (MNU 602). The sick man usually reflects on his faults during his illness. Bori se so zloto, i vikni go na pomo{ dobroto. (MNU 606). Struggle against evil and always call on good to help you. Borxot e lo{ drugar. (Kav. 263). Debt is a dreadful companion. Borxot et polo{ i od volkot. (MNU 612). Debt is worse than the wolf. Bradata arno ja ima bela, tuku glaata ja ima zelena. (MNU 614). His beard is definitely white, but his head is green. He does have a white
beard, but his brains are young. If the beard were all, the goat might preach.

Bradata mu siva, glavata mu diva. (MNU 615). His beard is gray, but his head is wild. The head gray and no brains yet. No fool to the old fool. Bradata mu carska, glavata mu vodeni~arska. (MNU 616). He has a beard like a king, but his brains are of a miller. The brains don't lie in the beard.

 45 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

Mickle head, little wit.

169.

Brat za brata, sireweto so pari. (Kav. 273). Bratstvo za bratstvo, sirewe za pari. (MNU 625). Brothers are brothers, but the cheese costs money. Brothers should always keep good accounts with each other. Business is
business. One hand will not wash the other for nothing.

170. 171. 172.

173.

174. 175. 176.

Brat od brat pomognat, pojak et od eden grad. (MNU 624). A brother helped by a brother is stronger than a fortified town. Brat sum ti, ama i vrag sum ti. (MNU 626). I can be your brother, but I can also be a demon. Bra}a koga }e se zbijat, tr~aj da i otmi{, oti }e se umrtvat. (MNU 627). When brothers fight, act fast to make peace between them, or there will be bloodshed. Bra}a kolku i da se skaraat, pak }e se smirat. (MNU 628). No matter how terrible the quarrel between brothers, they will always be reconciled in the end. Brz e zajakot, ama pobrz e 'rtot. (MNU 645). The rabbit is quick, but the hound is even quicker. Brzata i silnata voda i od kamen mos turka. (MNU 641). The strong and rapid rush of water can wear away bridges. Brzata ku~ka slepi kutriwa ra|a. (MNU 643). Brzata ku~ka slepi~i{ta (ili slepi) ku~iwa ra`dat. (MNU 644). The hasty bitch brings forth blind whelps. A fast dog (bitch) gives birth to blind dogs. (It is
not necessary to do things in a hurry, it is better to reflect before doing something. This proverb is used when someone makes a mistake, as a result of hurry and lack of thoughtfulness, but it is not used with an offensive intention). More haste, less speed.

177. 178.

Budalata se smejt i koga ne e za smeewe. (Kav. 290). The fool laughs even when laughter is uncalled for. Bukvata ubiva, a Duhot o`ivuva. The letter killeth, but the spirit giveth life. (II Korintjani 3, 6 / II Corinthians 3, 6). V

179. 180. 181. 182. 183.

Vardi go (vrzi go) popot, za da e mirno seloto. (Kav. 291). Tie the priest and the village will be quiet. Beware of the forepart of a woman, the hind
part of a mule, and all sides of a priest.

Vardi se od krava ocpredi, a od m'ska odoyadi. (Kav. 296). Take heed of an ox before; an ass behind, and a monk of all sides. Vari go, pe~i go, pa si e toj. (MNU 699). Boil him, roast him, he will always remain himself. Vati ja koprivata, da ako saka{ da ti ja izxarka rakata. (MNU 706). Grab the nettles by hand if you want to be stung. Vati prijatel pop, da ako saka{ da mu go rani{ kowo so zob.

 46 Bone Veli~kovski

184. 185. 186. 187. 188. 189. 190.

191. 192.

(MNU 708). Be a priest's friend if you want to feed his horse oats. Vati se da se dr`i{ za dab, a ne za {ip. (MNU 710). Hold on to an oak, not to a thorn tree. Vekov et skala: edni lu|e se ka~uvaat, a druzi sleguvaat. (MNU 718). The world is a ladder, which some people climb others descend. Veli mu ti na ~oeka arno, da ako toj ti re~i lo{o. (MNU 722). Be polite and say nice things to people who say awful things to you. Veligden, Veligden! dojde i Veligden i si pojde. (MNU 720). For all the anticipation and excitement, Easter came and Easter went. Vera da verua{, ama i dobri raboti da prai{. (MNU 726). Be devout, but perform good deeds as well. Vera imalo od veka i }e ima do veka. (MNU 727). Human beings have had faith since time immemorial, and will have it for all eternity. Verata ni se va}a, ni se gleda; ni se jadi, ni se mirisa. (MNU 730). Faith can be neither grasped with the hand, nor seen with the eye; it can neither be eaten nor smelt. Veresija koj dava, nepara }e napreduva. (MNU 735). Whoever is too trusting, will not get far in business. Veresija, (e) potresija. (MNU 736). Veresija, potresija, daj so race, baraj so noze. (MNU 737). Veresija potrsija. (MNU 738). Veresija, resi ja. (MNU 739). From a bad paymaster get what you can.
He that goes a-borrowing, goes a-sorrowing.

193. 194. 195. 196. 197. 198. 199. 200.

Veseloto srce go razvedruva liceto. The joy of the heart makes the face fair. (Poslovici 15, 13 / Proverbs 15, 13). Videla kamilata u{i, pobarala rogoj. (MNU 757). Noticing it had ears, the camel demanded horns as well. The camel going to seek horns, lost his
ears.

Vidi go prvo drvoto, da posle sedni pod nego. (MNU 774). Have a good look at the tree before you decide to sit under it. Vidi mu umot, da posle esapi go domakino. (MNU 779). His home reflects the quality of his mind. Vidi si v kese, da posle kupi si prase. (MNU 781). Look in your wallet before you decide to buy the whole pig. Vie koi ne znaete {to }e bide utre! Ye know not what shall be on the tomorrow. (Jakov 4, 14 / James 4, 14). Vika kako magare koga rika. (MNU 791). He's as noisy as a braying ass. Vikaj me grne, samo ne kr{i me. (Imeto ne e ni{~o, ami ~vekot.). (Kav. 326). You can even call me "jug", as long as you don't break me!
Hard words break no bones. Words may pass, but blows fall heavy. Call me cousin but cousin me not. Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me.

201.

Vikaj na vukot "vujko", dodeka si mu u jama. (Nedeq. str. 190). Call the wolf 'uncle' till you are in the pit. Call the bear 'uncle' till you are safe across

 47 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

the bridge. The danger past and God forgotten. Once on shore, we pray no more.

202. 203.

Vikaj po volkot, duri ne vlegol vo bulukot. (MNU 789). Make sure you yell at the wolf before he enters the flock. Vinoto go prai ~oeka edni pati vezir, a edni pati rezil. (MNU 802). Wine can make a man feel like a lord; but there are times when it brings total disgrace. Wine is a turncoat. Wine is a turncoat, first a friend, then an
enemy.

204.

205. 206.

207. 208. 209. 210. 211. 212. 213. 214. 215. 216. 217.

218. 219. 220.

Vinoto go razveseluva `ivotot. Vinoto go razveseluva ~ove~koto srce. Wine makes glad the heart of man. (Propovednik 10, 19 / Ecclesiastes 10, 19; Psalmi 104, 15 / Psalms 104, 15). Vinoto kako {to stoi vo bo~va, ne stoi vo ~oveka. (MNU 803). Wine does not sit in a man in quite the same way that it sits in a barrel. Vinskoto grne se dr`i so edna raka, a pu{kata - so dve. (Za da se sprotivstavi lesnoto na ma~noto.). (MNU 807). The wine jug is held with one hand; to hold a rifle, you need both hands. Visokite planiwe si nosat svoite te`iwe. (MNU 811). High mountains carry their own heavy burdens. Visoko orelo leta, za toa daleku gleda. (MNU 814). The eagle flies high, and that is why he sees so far and wide. Vistinata i masloto sekoga{ izleguvaat na povr{ina. Truth and oil are ever above. V'lk na v'lk ni v planina ne udirat. (Kav. 423). A thief knows a thief as a wolf knows a wolf. V'lkot vlaknoto go menvit, ama u}ot (tabietot) ne go menvit. (Kav. 421). The wolf may lose his teeth, but never his nature. V'lkot v'~iwa ro`xat. (Kav. 424). The she-wolf will always give birth to wolf-cubs, not lambs. Vo vinoto e vistinata. There is truth in wine. In wine there is truth. Vo volov rog da se skriet i pak smrta }e go najdit. (MNU 843). Even if a man were to hide in the horn of a bull, Death will find him. Vo golema voda golemi ribi se loet. (Kav. 346). Big fish are caught in big waters. Vo eden ~as ~oek ~es dobivat i vo eden izgubuat. (MNU 871). In one hour, a man could win honour, and in one hour, he could lose it. Vo edna gemija kaj {to imat mnogu kapidani, taja mo`i i da propadni. (MNU 872). A ship (regiment of soldiers) with too many captains will soon fall apart. Vo ednoto uo mu vleze, vo drugoto mu izleze. (MNU 875). In at one ear and out at the other. Vo zatvorena usta ne vleguvaat muvi. Into a shut mouth flies fly not. A
close mouth catches no flies.

Vo zborot go gleda{ blag, a vo srceto lukav. (MNU 877). You can

 48 Bone Veli~kovski

221.

see how his words are sweet and how his heart is shrewd. Vo jaziko med nosi p~elata, a na gazo (odzadi) otrua~ka. (Cep. 2709 i 365). The bee carries honey in its tongue, poison in its tail. Bees that
have honey in their mouths have stings in their tails. Honey is sweet, but the bee stings.

222.

Vo ku}ata na obesen ne zborvi za j'`e (fortoma). (Kav. 370). Don't talk about ropes in the house where a man has hanged himself. Never mention rope in the house of a man who has been hanged. Name not a rope in the house of a man that was hanged himself.

223. 224. 225. 226. 227. 228. 229. 230. 231. 232. 233. 234. 235. 236. 237. 238. 239. 240. 241.

Vo lutinata nema razum. Rage is without reason. Vo qubovta nema razum. Love is without reason. No folly like being in
love.

Vo matno se lovi. It is good fishing in troubled waters. Vo neoqa i pesot b'lvi jajt. (Kav. 382). In hard times, a dog will even eat his fleas. Vo neoqa ne se pla~it, ami ~are se barat. (Kav. 383). In hard times, don't whinge, but work on a solution. Vo pogolem grad, pogolem glad. (MNU 925). In the bigger city - greater hunger. Vo prazen ambar glu{ec ne vleguat. (MNU 926). The mouse does not raid the empty basket (barn). Vo svojata {kolka, biserot e bezvreden. (P.D. 487). The pearl is worthless in its own shell. A prophet is not without honour save in his own country.

Vo sekoe selo i grad ba{ka adet. (MNU 934). In all villages and all towns there are different customs. Vo sekoe stado ima crna ovca. There are black sheep in every flock. Vo sekoj zakon ima dupki. Every law has a loophole. Vo son se rodiv, vo son `iveam, vo son }e umram. (MNU 938). I was born in a dream, I live in a dream, and will die in a dream. Vo sred slepi i }orav e car. (MNU 939). In the country of the blind the one-eyed man is king. In the Kingdom of blind men, the one-eyed is king. Vo sto orej zdravi, eden lo{ ne se poznat. (Kav. 393). Among a hundred walnuts, it's impossible to know the bad one. Vo tivka voda povisoko krevaj 'i polite. (Kav. 395). Still waters run deep. Take heed of still waters, the quick pass away. God defend me from the still
water, and I'll keep myself from the rough.

Vo ~u`da (ili tu|a) manxa ne turaj sol. (MNU 945). Don't salt other people's dishes. Vo {egata ima polovina vistina. Many a true word is spoken in jest. Voda neka pijat ajvanite, jas }e pijam vino. (MNU 848). Let the animals drink water - I'll stick to wine. Vodata so vreme go roni kamenot. Constant dropping wears away the stone. (Jov 14, 19 / Job 14, 19).

 49 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

242. 243. 244. 245. 246.

247.

248. 249. 250. 251. 252. 253. 254. 255. 256. 257. 258. 259.

Voden od do`d ne se pla{it. (Kav. 363). The wet man fears no rain. Volk vo ov~a ko`a. (P.D. 518). A wolf in a sheep's skin. (Matej 7, 15 / Matthew 7, 15). An ass in a lion's skin. A wolf in sheep's clothing. Volk od volk ne se pla{it. (GK, II, str. 179). A thief knows a thief as a wolf knows a wolf. Volk pastrma ne ~uvat. (MNU 904, Kav. 427). The wolf will not guard the pastrami. Volko ako go klai{ da ti pasi ovci, toj site }e ti i' izdavi. (MNU 884). If you put the wolf in charge of the sheep, he will devour the whole flock. To set the wolf to keep the sheep. Volko davi, ne davi, sekoj {to da go vidi, }e go goni. (MNU 889). Everyone hunts down the wolf regardless of whether he is up to any mischief. Volko dlakata ja menuat, ama }udta ne ja menuat. (MNU 890). The wolf may lose his teeth, but never his nature. The fox may grow gray, but never
good.

Volko na sinoro ne davi. (MNU 895). The wolf preys farthest from his home. The fox preys farthest from his home (den). Volko ovca ne se ~init. (MNU 901). A wolf will never become a sheep. The wolf may lose his teeth, but never his nature. Volko sekoa{ ra|a vol~iwa, a ne jagniwa. (MNU 896). A wolf always gives birth to small wolfs, never to lambs. The wolf may lose his teeth,
but never his nature.

Volkot vo atarot ne davi. The wolf preys farthest from his home. Volkot go klale da (gi) vardit ovcite. (MNU 898). To set the wolf to keep the sheep. Vrag na vrag psaltir ne ~ete. (MNU 951). A devil will not sing psalms to another devil. Vrana na vrana o~i ne kopat. (MNU 956). Crows will not pick out crows' eyes. Vrato mu e pretrien od jaremo. (MNU 963). His neck has been blistered by the yoke. Vrbata rodila grozje. (MNU 966). The willow bore grapes. Plant the
crab-tree where you will, it will never bear pippins.

260. 261.

Vrvat saatite, dnite i godiweto, kako po rekite vo|eto. (MNU 968). The hours, days, and years flow on like the waters of a river. Vrvi si po patot ~oe~ki, za sekoj da ti zablaznit. (MNU 969). People will be grateful to you if you just go your way like a normal human being. Vreme za qubewe i vreme za mrazewe. There is a time to love, and a time to hate. (Propovednik 3, 8 / Ecclesiastes 3, 8). Vreme za mol~ewe i vreme za zboruvawe. There is a time to speak, and a time to be silent. (Propovednik 3, 7/ Ecclesiastes 3, 7).

 50 Bone Veli~kovski

262. 263. 264. 265. 266. 267. 268. 269. 270. 271. 272.

Vreme za pla~ewe i vreme za smeewe. There is a time to weep, and a time to laugh. (Propovednik 3, 4 / Ecclesiastes 3, 4). Vreme za ra|awe i vreme za umirawe. There is a time to be born, and a time to die. (Propovednik 3, 2 / Ecclesiastes 3, 2). Vremeto (si) leta. Time flies. Time flees away without delay. Time has
wings.

Vremeto e najgolem u~itel. Time, as he grows old, teaches many lessons. Time shall teach thee all things. Vremeto e pari. Time is money. Vremeto se' le~it. (Kav. 408). Time cures all things. Time is a great healer.

Vremeto te~it, pqagi (rani) le~it. (Kav. 408). Time cures all wounds. Time is a great healer. Vremeto ~uda pravi. Time works wonders. Vremiwata se menuvaat i nie so niv. Times change and we with them. Vrzan pop, mirno selo. (Kav. 413). Lock up the priest if you want peace in the village. Vrzi go kowot kade{to }e ti ka`e gazdata. A horse must be tied where the master will have him. An ass must be tied where the master will have
him.

G 273. Gavran gavranu o~i ne kopat. (MNU 1025). Gavraw na gavraw o~i ne vajat. (GK, II, str. 177). Crows will not pick out crows' eyes. One crow
never pulls out anothers eyes. One crow will not pick out another crows eyes. Hawks will not pick out hawks' eyes.

274. 275. 276. 277. 278. 279. 280. 281. 282.

Gajleto go jadi ~oeka, kako `elezoto 'r|ata. (MNU 1034). Worry devours a person just as rust eats iron. Gajret na bolniot, duri da mu izlezi du{ata. (MNU 1035). Console the sick right up to the last moment. Glaata dinamit ne mu ja cepit. (Kav. 444). He has such a hard head, dynamite won't split it. Glaata }e mu trgat od pustata mrza. (MNU 1056). Be not idle, and you shall not be longing. Glavata e postara od knigata. Years know more than books. Gladen v'lk postred selo ojt. (Kav. 436). Hunger drives the wolf out of the woods. Gladen kow matna voda ne gleda. (MNU 1075). The thirsty horse doesn't mind drinking muddy water. A bellyful is a bellyful, whether it be meat
or drink.

Gladen ~oek sui korki griza. (MNU 1078). A hungry man will eat dry crusts of bread. The cat is hungry when a crust contents her. Gladna me~ka oro ne igrat. (Gladen ne mo`e da raboti.). (MNU

 51 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

283. 284. 285. 286. 287. 288.

1081). A hungry bear will not dance. Gladnata koko{ka proso sonua. (MNU 1083). The hungry hen dreams of chicken feed. The hungry hen dreams of millet. His belly cries cupboard. Gladni o~i ne zaspivaat. (MNU 1085). The hungry eyes do not fall asleep. The belly wants ears. Hungry bellies have no ears. Gladniot 'rt i ko~ani jajt. (MNU 1084). The hungry hunting dog eats even ears of corn. Hungry dogs will eat dirty puddings. Hunger finds no fault with
the cookery. Hunger is the best sauce. Hunger makes hard beans sweet.

289.

290.

291. 292. 293. 294. 295.

296. 297.

Gladot e najgolema sila. (Kav. 441). There is no greater power than hunger. Gladuam, `eduam, gol, bos odam i na ~esta si stojam. (MNU 1086). Hungry, thirsty, naked and barefoot, I still maintain my dignity. Glasot na narodot e glasot na Boga. The voice of the people, the voice of God. (Daniel 10, 6 / Daniel 10, 6; Otkrovenie 19, 6 / Revelation 19, 6). Gledaj da ne kupi{ toa {to ne ti treba, oti da da ne prodai{ toa {to ti treba. (MNU 1092). Don't buy what you don't need, or else you'll end up selling what you do need. Gledaj duri ne letnalo vrap~eto od raka, oti posle ma~no se fa}a. (MNU 1093). Hold on to the bird; if it flies away it will be hard to catch. Gledaj se sebe kakov si, da posle da gleda{ svetskite kusuri. (MNU 1094). Take a good look at yourself before you pick faults in others. Gledaj sos kom{ijata da si aren. (MNU 1096). Love thy neighbour as thyself. Glupecot se smeta za mudar koga mol~i. Fools are wise as long as silent. (Poslovici 17, 28 / Proverbs 17, 28). Glu{ecot {to ima samo edna dupka, brgu go fa}a ma~kata. The mouse that has but one hole is quickly taken. Go vatil |aolot za vrat, ta go zauzdal pijaniot. (MNU 1113). The devil has grabbed the drunkard by the throat, and has a bit and bridle on him. Go izel bijolot, se udajl so opa{kata. (Kav. 467). He swallowed the buffalo, and choked with the tail. To swallow an ox, and be choked with the tail.
It is idle to swallow the cow and choke on the tail.

298.

Go opitale ku~eto: - Zo{~o laj{? - Za{~o ne zn'm drugi zanaet (drugo {~o da pram), reklo to. (Kav. str. 150, br. 11). Asked why it barked, the dog replied: "It' my profession". Go opitale starjot vol: - Ke ti e polesno ko da ora{: v brazda, ali v ledina? - Se' mi e edno, deqmi jaremot mi e na vratov, rekol volot. (Kav. str. 149, br. 5). They asked the old bull [ox] whether he preferred old or new fields to plough: "As long as the yoke is on my

 52 Bone Veli~kovski

299. 300.

301. 302. 303. 304.

neck, it's all the same to me," he answered. Go podul nosot kako nekoj patlixan. (MNU 1170). When his is angry, his nose swells to the size of an eggplant. Go pokanile magareto na svadba, ama mu rekle i samarot da si go zejt. (Kav. 494). The donkey was invited to the wedding, but it was asked to bring its saddle. Go preplival moreto, se udajl na krajot. (Kav. 497). He swam the whole sea, and was drowned at the shore. He came safe from the East Indies,
and was drowned in the Thames.

305. 306. 307. 308. 309. 310. 311. 312. 313. 314.

Golemata lakomija ~oeka pobolua. (MNU 1132). Excessive greed is a sickness. Golemata riba golema voda barat. (Kav. 476, 475). The big fish asks deep water. A great ship asks deep waters. Golemata riba pomalata ja izedvit (ili jadit). (Posilniot sekoga{ go nadviva poslabiot i mu zapoveda). (MNU 1135). Big fish eat little fish. The great fish eat up the small. Golemata riba, golema voda saka. (MNU 1134). Big fish wants big waters. Golemite bolki se nemi. Small sorrows speak; great ones are silent.
Little grieves are loud, great grieves are silent. Little cares speak, great ones are dumb.

Golemite korabi vo golemi vodi plovat. Great ships ask deep waters. Golemite po~esti se golemi tovari. Great honours are great burdens.
The more cost, the more honour.

Gordosta vrvi pred gibelta, i visokoumnosta pred pa|aweto. Pride goes before a fall. (Poslovici 16, 18 / Proverbs 16, 18). Pride never left his
master without a fall.

315. 316.

317.

Gore li na kom{ijata ku}ata, tr~i da gase{ tvojata. (MNU 1181). Look to thyself when thy neighbour's house is on fire. Gospod boj mu dal, ama um ne mu dal. (Kav. 502). Tall men had ever very empty heads. Gospod bor~ ne pla}a. (MNU 1187). God does not pay our debts. Gospod go kaznuva onoj, kogo go qubi. Whom the Lord loveth, he chasteneth. (Evrei 12, 6 / Hebrews 12, 6). Gospod da me branit od budali prijateli, a od du{manite }e se branam sam. (Kav. 507). Gospod da me vardit od prijatelite, a od du{manite sam }e se vardam. (Kav. 513). God defend me from my friends; from my enemies I can defend myself. Save us from our friends. Gospod da te branit od pokonduren opinok. (Kav. 525). May God protect you from jackboots (parvenu). Gospod da te ~ua od diva sviwa v planina i od lo{a dru`ina. (MNU 1197). God save you from the wild boar in the mountains, and bad company. Gospod da te ~ua od dolzi stapoi i od niski odai. (MNU 1198).

 53 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

318. 319.

God save you from long sticks and low ceilings (beatings in dungeons). Gospod da te ~ua od }ose ~ovek i od sakat. (MNU 1202). Beware of him whom God hath marked. Take care of that man whom God has set his mark
upon.

320. 321. 322. 323. 324.

Gospod davat, ama v ambar ne ti tura. (MNU 1190). Gospod davat, ama v ko{ara ne vnesuat. (MNU 1191). God gives, but He does not pour grain in our barns. God gives, but He does not put in your hut. Gospod dat, ama niz oxak ne pu{~at. (Kav. 515). God gives, but He does not drop through the chimney. God gives the milk, but not the pail. Gospod zabaa, ama ne zabraa. (MNU 1209). God stays long, but doesn't forget. God stays long, but strikes at last. Gospod i~ ne spiet. (MNU 1219). God never sleeps. Gospod ne e ma~ka da te drapnit odedno{. (Kav. 537). God stays long, but doesn't forget. God stays long, but strikes at last. God hath leaden feet,
but iron hands.

Gospod prvo umot }e mu go zejt na ~veka, a posle stokata. (Kav. 541). When God will punish, he will first take away the understanding.
Whom the Gods would destroy, they first make mad. Whom fortune wishes to destroy, she first makes mad.

325.

326. 327. 328. 329.

Gospodi, Ti mu vra}a{ sekomu spored delata. As the work, so the pay. (Psalmi 62, 12 / Psalms 62, 12; Poslovici 24, 12 / Proverbs 24, 12). Greota e da la`i{, ami i sramota e da se la`i{. (MNU 1264). It is a sin to lie, but it is a shame to deceive yourself. Gre{kite se po insanot (qu|eto). (Kav. 563). By ignorance we mistake, and by mistakes we learn. Failure teaches success. Mistakes are often the
best teachers.

Grn~aro kaj saka, tam ra~ka klaa na grneto. (MNU 1275). The potter can put the handle on the jug wherever he chooses. Grobi{~a od glad nemat. (Kav. 566). There is no cemetery from hunger. D

330. 331.

332.

333.

Da go ostavite volkot da gi ~uva ovcite. To set the wolf to keep the sheep. (Matej 10, 16 / Matthew 10, 16). Da znae ~ovek koga }e umre, grobo sam }e si iskopa. (MNU 1347). If the man knew the exact hour of his death, he would dig his own grave immediately. Da 'i kupime edno{ volojte, ta }e vidime koj }e 'i pasit. (Kav. 607). Let's buy the oxen first, then worry about who will take them out to pasture. Da me ritne nekoj at ne me bole, a da me ritne nekoe krivo ma-

 54 Bone Veli~kovski

gare, ne mo`' da go trpam. (MNU 1411). When a horse kicks you, it hurts me not, but when a lame ass kicks me, I can not bear it. When an ass
kicks you, never tell it.

334.

335. 336. 337. 338. 339. 340. 341. 342. 343. 344. 345.

Da mu re~et: "Letat magare", toj }e izlezit da go vidit. (Kav. 630). If someone said: "There's a donkey flying in the sky," he would go out and look. Da ne bideme umorni da pravime dobro. Never be weary of well doing. (Galatjani 6, 9 / Galatians 6, 9). Da padnit na ple{~i, noson }e go skr{it. (Kav. 641). He would fall on his back and break his nose. An unfortunate man would be drowned in a teacup.

Da se gre{i, ~ove~ki e. To err is human. Every man has a fool in his sleeve.
No man is wise at all times. He is lifeless that is faultless. Even Homer sometimes nods. No man is infallible. There are spots even in the sun.

346.

Davaj si na caro danoko i na popo kolako. (MNU 1306). Give the king your taxes and your bread to the priest. Davalec - pitalec. (MNU 1308). Davalec, pitalec, na vratata driskalec. (MNU 1309). He that goes a-borrowing, goes a-sorrowing. Daj veresija, ama na mrazo pi{i ja. (MNU 1360). Give a helping hand, but record it on ice. Daj mu na budalata stap, za da ti e skr{it glata. (Kav. 620). Give the fool a stick so that he can break your head. Daj mu na pijanica milostiwa, za da se bie {ega. (MNU 1376). Give the drunkard a handout so that he can make fun of you. Daj na pop, a ne sakaj. (MNU 1381). Give to priests, but don't ask for anything. Daj sadaka (milostina), na Gospoda zaem mu da{. (Kav. 622). He that hath pity upon the poor lendeth unto the Lord. Dala baba edna para za da se hvatit na oroto; posle davala dve za da ja pu{~it, ama ne ja pu{~ale. (MNU 1392). Give the piper a penny to play and two pence to leave off. Daleko od o~i, daleko od srce. (MNU 1396). Far from eye, far from heart. Out of sight, out of mind. Seldom seen, soon forgotten. Long absent, soon
forgotten. What the eye doesn't see, the heart doesn't grieve over. Salt water and absence wash away love.

347. 348.

Daleku odi, ama i za doma misli. (MNU 1397). Go far off, but think about home. One's own hearth is gold's worth. East, west, home's best. Home is
home, though it be never so homely.

349. 350.

Dali stomnata }e udri vo kamen, ili kamenot vo stomna, lo{o e za stomnata. Whether the pitcher strikes the stone or the stone the pitcher, it is bad for the pitcher. Dva le{nika eden orev go kr{at. (MNU 1494). Two hazelnuts can break a walnut. Dva ostri kamewa ne meqat bra{no. (MNU 1498). Dva quti (os-

 55 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

351.

352.

tri) kamena bra{no ne melet. (Kav. 668). Two sharp stones will not grind flour together. Hard with hard makes not the stone wall. Dva petla na edno buni{~e ne pejet. (Kav. 669). Dva petla na edno buni{te ne mo`at da peat. (MNU 1502). Two roosters cannot crow on the same dunghill. Two sparrows on one ear of corn make an ill agreement. Dvaica koga se karaat, koj povi{e vika, nego mu go davaat pravoto. (Nedeq. str. 187). Dvajca koga se karat, koj poe}e vikat, nemu pravoto mu go davat. (MNU 1490). When two quarrel, the crowd will say the one who shouts most is right. Of two disputants, the warmer is generally
in the wrong.

353. 354. 355. 356.

Dvajca so ist zanaet retko se slo`uvaat. Two of a trade seldom agree. The herringman hates the fisherman. Dvapati dava koj brgu dava. He gives twice who gives quickly. Dvapati meri, edna{ se~i. Measure twice, cut but once. Dve lubenici pod edna mi{ka ne se nosat. (MNU 1512). Dve lubenici pod ista pazuva ne se nosat. You can't carry two watermelons under the same arm. (This saying is used when someone wants to achieve two
aims at the same time and ends up achieving neither). Don't carry two watermelons under one arm, or you'll lose both. If you run after two hares you will catch neither.

357. 358. 359. 360. 361. 362. 363. 364. 365.

Deveeset i devet umoj slu{aj, pak na svojot ostani. (Kav. 686). Listen to ninety-nine opinions, yet hold to your own. Though thou hast never
so many counsellors, yet do not forsake the counsel of thy own soul.

Deka ima kva~ki, tam ima i pilci. (MNU 1542). Where there are brooding hens, there are also chicks. Deka nema do{ i grad e dobar. (MNU 1547). If there is no rain, hail is good enough. Deka nema ogin, tam nema i ~urqava. (MNU 1549). No smoke without fire. No fire, no smoke. Deka ripa oveno, tamo ripa i jagneto. (MNU 1556). Where the ram leaps over, the lamb follows. As the old cock crows, so the young crows. The
young pig grunts like the old sow.

366. 367.

Deka {~o jadat, tr~aj; deka {~o bijat, begaj. (MNU 1572). Run to where they eat; run from where they beat. Dela, a ne zborovi. Deeds, not words. Delata govorat pove}e od zborovite. Actions speak louder than words. Deqmi mi cojsa kowot, sega i treva do kolena neka rastit ako sakat. (Kav. 690). Now that my horse is dead, let the grass grow till my knees! It is too late to shut the stable-door after the horse has bolted. Den do den, no} do no}, pobrzu ~oekot do grob. (MNU 1578). Day by day, night by night, man comes closer to the grave. Den za den, go zaboraiv. (MNU 1591). One day after another passed, and I clean forgot about it.

 56 Bone Veli~kovski

368. 369. 370. 371. 372. 373. 374. 375. 376.

Denes mene, utre tebe. V~era mene, denes tebe. I today, you tomorrow. (Sirah 38, 24 / Ecclesiasticus 38, 22). Deneska bil bogat, utre osiroma{el. (MNU 1579). Rich today, poor tomorrow. Deneska bil `iv, utre si umrel. (MNU 1580). Alive today, dead tomorrow. Deneska g'ltaj, utre xvakaj. (Kav. 696). Stuff today and starve tomorrow. Deneska ne' ima, utre ne' nema, }e zaginime kako parea. (MNU 1584). Here today, gone tomorrow - we vanish like steam. Here today and
gone tomorrow. Today gold, tomorrow dust. Today a man, tomorrow none.

Deneska o-ho-ho, utre oh i oh. (MNU 1586). Today - ha! ha! ha! Tomorrow - ah! ah! ah! Deneska se storil gospodar, utre goedar. (MNU 1537). A lord today, a herdsman tomorrow. Deneska sme, utre ne sme. (Kav. 697). Here today and gone tomorrow. Deneska ~oek se rodi i grob mu se otvori. (Nedeq. str. 183, MNU 1589). The grave opens as soon as a person is born. As soon as a man is born
he begins to die. It is as natural to die as to be born. Our lives are but our marches to the grave.

377. 378.

Dene{nata rabota ne ja ostavaj za utre. (MNU 1590). Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today. Work today, for you know not how much
you may be hindered tomorrow.

379. 380. 381. 382. 383. 384. 385. 386. 387. 388. 389.

Deno se poznava u{te od utrinata, kako }e bide do ve~era. (MNU 1596). You can tell what sort of day it is going to be first thing in the morning. Decata gajle ne berat, zatoa i brgu rastat. (MNU 1623). Children are carefree, and that's why they grow so quickly. Decata kako i budalite ja ka`uvaat vistinata. Children and fools tell the truth. Children and fools cannot lie. Drunkards and fools cannot lie. Decata na tatka si ja }e mu ja otvorat ku}ata, ja }e mu ja zatvorat. (MNU 1624). Children can make or break a home. Decata si se deca. Boys will be boys. Dimi si e ku~e, pa si e ku~e, kolku saka{ ti go gali. (MNU 1647). No matter how much it is caressed, a dog will remain a dog. Doa|a no}, koga nikoj ne }e mo`e da raboti. The night comes when no man can work. (Jovan 9, 4 / John 9, 4). Dobar sosed, dobro utro. A good neighbour, a good morrow. Dobra zemja - lo{ zakon. Good land: evil way. Dobra ~orba vo staro grne. Good broth may be made in an old pot. Dobrata majka ne veli dali saka{; taa dava. The good mother says not, Will you? but gives. Dobrata re~ oit na daleku, a lo{ata u{te ponadaleku. (MNU

 57 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1677). Good news goes far away, ill news goes even further. Ill news comes
apace. Ill news comes unsent for. Bad news has wings.

390. 391. 392. 393. 394. 395. 396.

Dobri prijateli, ama i dobri esapi treba da imaat. (MNU 1687). Good friends should always keep good accounts with each other. Business is
business. One hand will not wash the other for nothing.

Dobrio vladika za svetec sam ne se slaga. (MNU 1680). A good bishop will not nominate himself for sainthood. Dobriot (~ovek) prilega na budaliot. The good-natured man resembles the fool. The better-natured, the sooner undone. Dobriot ov~ar treba da gi stri`e svoite ovci, a ne da gi dere. A good shepherd must fleece his sheep, not flay them. Dobro ime e podobro od golemo bogatstvo. A good name is better than riches. (Poslovici 22, 1 / Proverbs 22, 1). Dobro so dobro se vra}a. One good turn deserves another. A good deed is
never lost. Do well and have well.

397.

398. 399. 400. 401. 402.

Dobro utro mu rekov, beqa si najdov. (Kav. 710). Dobro utro mu rekov, beqata si najdov. (MNU 1699). All I said to him was "Good morning!" and had no end trouble as a result. Even the "Good morning!" of the evil man can harm you. Dobrodetelnata `ena e venec na svojot ma`, re~e mudriot Solomon. Koj na{ol dobra `ena, ja na{ol sre}ata i dobil milost od Gospoda. Koj }e najde dobrodetelna `ena? Taa vredi pove}e od biseri. A good wife 's a goodly prize, saith Solomon the wise. (Poslovici 12, 4; 18, 22; 31, 10 / Proverbs 12, 4; 18, 22; 31, 10). Dobrodetelta e nagrada sama za sebe. Virtue is its own reward. Dobroto vino samo se fali. Good wine needs no bush. Dodeka di{am, se nadevam. (P.D. 808). While there is life, there is hope. Dodeka ne dune vetero, listata ne se poklatuat. (MNU 1713). The leaves will not shimmer unless the wind blows. Dojde kosa do kamena: ja kosata }e se skr{i, ja kameno }e se kr{it. (MNU 1726). The scythe came to the stone: whether the scythe or the stone breaks, it remains to be seen. Whether the pitcher strikes the stone or
the stone the pitcher, it is bad for the pitcher.

403. 404. 405. 406. 407.

Dojde mu uma, koga si otide kuma. (MNU 1731). He came to his reasons, but his godfather had left. When a thing is done, advice comes too late. Dojdi, bre zlo, oti bez tebe u{te pozlo. (MNU 1736). Come misfortune, as without you, worse will come. Dojdoa divi (lu|e, ta) isteraa pitomi (te). (MNU 1738). The barbarians drove out the civilised people. Dojdoa ludi, iskaraa mirni. (MNU 1739). The ill-mannered guests drive away the courteous ones. Dol`nikot e sluga na pozajmuva~ot. The borrower is servant to the

 58 Bone Veli~kovski

408. 409. 410. 411. 412.

lender. (Poslovici 22, 7 / Proverbs 22, 7). Dockna `enidba, rani siraci. (Kav. 728). He that marries late, marries ill. Drva {to berat nepara se obogatuat. (MNU 1777). Those who go wood - gathering don't exactly get rich. Drvjata rastat na zemjava za dobroto na ~oe{tinata. (MNU 1776). Trees grow on this earth for the good of humanity. Drvoto se poznava po plodot. A tree is known by its fruit. (Matej 7, 19; 12, 33 / Matthew 7, 19; 12, 33). Dreono se vitkat duri e mlado. (Kav. 736). D'roto se vie dode e suroo. (MNU 1811). Best to bend while it is a twig. The tree can bend while it is still young. Make hay while the sun shines. Hoist your sail when the
wind is fair.

413. 414. 415. 416. 417. 418.

Dr`i se za novite p'ti{~a i starite prijateli. (Kav. 739). Stick to the old friends and the new roads. Old friends and old wine are best. Dr`i si go v r'ka, da ne ti e m'ka. (Kav. 742). Hold fast when you have. Drug vade ko{~anite, a drug gi jade. (MNU 1795). One takes out the chestnuts and another eats them. The poor man turns his cake and another comes
and takes it away.

419. 420.

Drug zbira, drug }e jadit, {to ne spe~alil. (MNU 1797). One sows and another reaps. Drug zina, drug se pri~esti. (MNU 1799). One opens his mouth, yet another takes the holy communion. Drug jadi jaguridata, drug trgat oskominata. (MNU 1800). Drug jadit nezdreloto, drugemu oskominata. (MNU 1801). The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the children's teeth are set on edge. Drug jajcata i izede, drugemu ostanaa lupe{kite. (MNU 1801). One ate the eggs, another was left with the shells. Drug pasit ovcite, (a) drug berit rugata. (Drug rabotel, a drug se polzuva od negoviot trud). (MNU 1808). One keeps the sheep and another takes the pay. One beats the bush and another catches the birds. Little dogs start the
hare, the great get her.

421. 422. 423. 424. 425.

Drug prai gre{kata, drug trga xezata. (MNU 1809). One makes the mistake and another pays the fine. Drug sadi drvoto, drug jadi plodo. (MNU 1810). One plants the tree and another eats the fruit. Drugemu bilo kako bilo, mene mi se zbilo. (MNU 1796). One makes the damage and I suffer for it. Drugi vremiwa, drugi obi~ai. Drugo vreme, drugi um. (Kav. 747). Other times, other manners. Drugi jajt slivi, drugi fa{~at oskomina. (Kav. 745). One eats the plums, and another's teeth are set on edge. One does the scathe, and another has
the scorn.

 59 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

426. 427. 428. 429.

430. 431.

432. 433. 434.

435. 436. 437. 438. 439. 440.

Drugo krojat gluvcite, drugo ma~orot. (MNU 1803). The mice are scheming one thing, the cat another. Drugo misli kiraxijata, drugo anxijata. (MNU 1805). The coachman is thinking one thing, the innkeeper another. Duri da re~i{ }iselina, re~i med. (Kav. 756). You might as well say "honey" rather than "vinegar". Duri e v postela bolniot, }e mu zemi poe}e pari ekimot. (MNU 1826). The longer the sick man is confined, the more money the doctor will take. Duri ednemu ne mu se stemnit, drugemu ne mu se razdenvit. (Kav. 758). One man's breath another's death. One man's loss is another man's gain. Duri majstorska tesla da ~ukni v ku}a, da posle }e vidi{ kolku ~init majstoro! (Cep. V, str. 35). Building and marrying of children are great wasters. Building is a sweet impoverishing. Duri ne vidi{ kup zemja, ne pla~i. (MNU 1839). Don't cry until you see the mound of earth piled up. Duri ne vidi{ rekata, ne sobuaj ga}ite. (MNU 1840). Don't take off your pants until you come to the river. Duri ne vrzi{ prs i ne bara{ lek, da komu kako }e mu tekni i lek }e ti ka`it. (MNU 1842). If you don't bandage and try to heal the finger yourself, everyone will offer you a cure. Duri ne vrli{ rip~e, ne nao|a{ krap~e. (MNU 1884). You should throw a little fish to catch a big one. He, who gives a duck, expects a goose. Duri ne dai{ devet, ne zema{ deset. (MNU 1846). If you don't have nine, you won't get ten. Duri ne zapla~it deteto, majka mu ne mu davat da cicat. (MNU 1848). The lame tongue gets nothing. He that cannot ask cannot live. Dumb men
get no land.

441. 442.

443.

Duri ne ja vati{ rabotata, sama ne se srabotua. (MNU 1850). If you don't make a start, the job won't complete itself. Duri ne se izmatit vodata, ne se va}at ribi mnogu. (MNU 1858). It is good fishing in troubled waters. Duri se dumet umnite (itrite), budalite si go vrvet vekov. (Kav. 776). While thinking people are trying to make sense of things, the foolish ones get on with life. Duri te ~estat svetot, ~esti se i ti. (MNU 1862). As long as people respect you, you can respect yourself. Duhot e bodar, no teloto e slabo! The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak. (Matej 26, 41 / Matthew 26, 41; Marko 14, 38 / Mark 14, 38; Jovan 6, 63 / John 6, 63). Du{a dava, pari ne dava. (MNU 1870). He'd rather give up his soul than his money.

 60 Bone Veli~kovski

444.

445.

Du{a e mila, ako e bez ko{ula. @ivotot mil mu e, ako odi bez ko{ula. (MNU 1871, 2125). Even though he hasn't a shirt on his back, he still loves life. Du{a od mr{a lesno ne se delit. (Kav. 784). It is hard for the body to split with the soul. \

446. 447.

\avolot ne saka krstena voda. The devil loves no holy water. \avolot ni orat, ni kopat, samo 'i u~i lu|eto da se ne}a. (MNU 1889). The Devil neither ploughs nor digs; he just teaches people to hate each another. E

448. 449. 450.

Eden v'lk na edno stado mu e dosta. (Kav. 806). One wolf per flock of sheep is enough. Eden den radost, iljada dni `alost. Short pleasure, long pain. In war,
hunting, and love men for one pleasure a thousand griefs prove.

451.

452. 453. 454. 455. 456.

Eden dram milos da ima ~oek, odo{to oka alt'ni da davat v crkva. (MNU 1906). Better to possess a gram of love, than give a kilogram of gold in church. Eden j'zik, a dve o~i ~vek imat. (Kav. 815). Eden j'zik, a dve u{i ~vek imat. (Kav. 816). Nature has given us two ears, two eyes and but one tongue; to the end we should hear and see more than we speak. Eden kako nieden. One and none is all one. One is no number. Eden pravi, drug trga. One does the scathe, and another has the scorn. Eden se rodil da sejt, a drugi da pejt. (Kav. 820). One man is born to sow another to sing. Eden see, a drug `nee! One sows and another reaps. (Jovan 4, 37 / John 4, 37). Eden ulav frqat eden kamen v bunar, trista umni ne mo`at da go izvadat. (MNU 1913). A crazy man throws a rock down a well, and three hundred wise men can't fish it out. A fool may throw a stone into a well, which a
hundred wise men cannot pull out.

457. 458. 459. 460.

Eden ~as nautro vredi kolku dva nave~er. An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. Eden {ugav kow ~e{a drug. One scabby horse scrubs another. One ass
scrubs another.

Edna gre{ka - ve~na maka. (MNU 1928). One mistake could lead to permanent torment. Edna krasta koza celo stado (cel buquk) }e go okrastajt. (Kav. 829). A scabby goat will spoil all the herd. One scabbed sheep will mar a whole
flock.

 61 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

461. 462. 463. 464. 465. 466.

Edna lastojca ne prajt prolet. (Kav. 830). One swallow does not make a summer. Edna usta, a dve r'ce ~vek imat. (Kav. 836). Man has one mouth, but two hands. Ednata raka drugata ja mie, a obete liceto. (MNU 1941). One hand washes another and both the face. One hand washes the other. Edna{ kradec, sekoga{ kradec. Once a thief, always a thief. Once a
knave, and ever a knave. He that has done ill once will do it again.

467. 468.

469. 470.

Edni lu|e ostarele i pak ne se odlo{ile. (MNU 1953). Some people remain bad-natured even in old age. Ednio edno rekol, drug drugo i se pogodile. (MNU 1955). Ednio edno rekol i drugio iljado, i se pogodile. (MNU 1956). The one said one price, the other another (one thousand), and they made a good agreement. A lean agreement is better than a fat judgement. Ednio umira od glad, a drugio go pra{al {to ru~al. (MNU 1959). One man is dying of hunger, another asks him what he had for lunch. Edniot ja trgat ortomata od ednio kraj, drugio od drugio: koga }e se skinit, da vidime koj }e padnit. (MNU 1957). One person pulls the rope in one direction, another in opposite direction; when the rope breaks, we shall see who falls. Edno mislet glufcite, a drugo ma~kata. (Kav. 846). The mice are scheming one thing, the cat another. Edno mislit kamiqata, a drugo kamiqarot. (Kav. 849). The camel thinks one thing and he that rides him another. One thing thinks the horse, and
another he that saddles him. The horse thinks one thing and he that rides him another. One thing thinketh the bear, and another he that leadeth him.

471. 472. 473. 474. 475.

Edno mislit, drugo zborvit, treto prajt. (Kav. 848). He thinks one thing, says another, and does a third. Edno na srceto, drugo na jazikot. (MNU 1966). One in the heart, another in the tongue. Edno skapano jabolko, }e gi rasipe drugite. The rotten apple injures its neighbours. Edno ~vek krojt, drugo Gospod prajt. (Kav. 857). Man proposes, God disposes. Er {~o da zafati{ pomisli kakov }e mu bidit krajot. (Kav. 881). Of whatever you begin, you should always bear the end in mind. @

476.

@abata videla m'skata k'de ja kojat, si potkrenala taa nogata (da ja potkojat). (MNU 2028). @abata videla, kak kovat, i ona si podala nogata da (e) kovat. (MNU 2027). The frog saw the horse being shod, so it also put out its leg. The camel going to seek horns lost his ears.

 62 Bone Veli~kovski

477. 478. 479. 480. 481. 482. 483. 484. 485. 486. 487. 488. 489. 490.

@abata na suvo ne kreka. (Nedeq. str. 186). The frog doesn't croak in dry places. Hungry bellies have no ears. His belly cries cupboard. A hungry bear
will not dance.

@aden kow matna voda ne gleda. (MNU 2034). A thirsty horse doesn't mind muddy water. @alta, radosta se poznaa vo liceto na ~oeka. (MNU 2038). Sadness and joy can be read on people's faces. @elezono se kojt duri e xe{ko. (Kav. 892). Strike while the iron is hot. @elezoto `elezo trie, a zboroite umo. (MNU 2043). Iron whets iron, and words mind. @elezoto i drvo i kamen se~it, ama i nego 'r|ata go jadit. (MNU 2044). Iron can cut both wood and stone, but rust can destroy it. @elezoto se ostri so `elezo. Iron whets iron. (Proverbs 27, 17. Poslovici 27, 17). @elezoto se ~uka, dodeka e vru}o. (MNU 2046). @elezoto se kove dodeka je `e{ko. (MNU 2045). Strike while the iron is hot. @ena netepana i motika neklepana ne biva. A woman, a dog, and a walnut tree, the more you beat them the better they are. A spaniel, a woman,
and a walnut-tree, the more they're beaten the better they are.

491. 492.

493.

494. 495. 496.

@ena, kow, pu{ka, ne se daat na tu|a raka. (MNU 2055). A horse, a wife, and a sword may be showen, but not lent. @enata e dolgokosna, (a) kusoumna. (MNU 2071). @enata et dolgokosa, a kratkouma. (MNU 2073). Long hair and short wit. @enata e od opa{kata na |avolot. Women are the devil's nets. @enite se pla~at od ma`ite, ma`ite od `enite. (MNU 2098). Women complain about men, and men complain about women. @enckoto ne znait na kakov ma` }e padni, zato, koa }e se rodi, se pla~i. (MNU 2112). When a girl is born there is much weeping, as it is not known what sort of man she will end up with. @ivej i ostavi gi i drugite da `iveat. Live and let live. @ivot i zdravje i dobra misla koga da ima u ~oeka, ne mu treba mnogu stoka. (MNU 2124). A lively, healthy and friendly person doesn't need many possessions. @ivot je merdivan, eden slaga, drug se ka~ue. (Nedeq. str. 186). The world is a ladder for some to go up and some down. In the world, who knows not to swim goes to the bottom. @ivotot e kratok, a umetnosta - ve~na. (P.D. 991). Art is long and life is short. He who has an art has everywhere a part. @ivotot na ~ovekot na zemjata e borba. (P.D. 995). Life is a battle. @ito se melit, bra{no ne padinat (ne padvit). (Kav. 932). The millstone is turning, but there is no flour falling.

 63 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

Z 497. 498. 499. 500. 501. 502. 503. 504. 505. 506. 507. Za badijala budalata ja gazi zemjata. (MNU 2134). The fool's presence on earth is needless. Za biol slama, a za ma~ka riba. (MNU 2138). Hay for the ox, fish for the cat. Za budalata (glupaviot) nema lek. He that is born a fool is never cured. Za vkusovite ne se diskutira. There is no accounting for tastes. Everyone as they like best. Tastes differ. Every man to his taste.

508. 509. 510. 511. 512. 513. 514. 515. 516. 517.

Za volkot zborvime, a toj bil zad vrata. (MNU 2145). We were speaking of the wolf, and he happened to be behind the door. Za guska - m'ska. (Kav. 954). Set a cow to catch a hare. Za deca ra`xawe i vrapcite znaat (ili: mo`at). (MNU 2157). It's easy to have children - raising them is the problem. Za edna bolva ne gori ja celata ~erga. (MNU 2163). You shouldn't burn the rug to destroy a flea. Burn not your house to fright the mouse away. Za edna para ne se ne}i lo{oto od nikogo. (MNU 2167). He is so greedy, he would have himself hanged for a cent. Za edna raka urda, o{ol duri na Bistra, (ili na Yvezda). (MNU 2169). For a handful of cottage cheese, he walked all the way to Istanbul. Za edno zrno p~enica vrap~eto se va}a vo sklupcata i si pridaa `ivota. (MNU 2172). The sparrow is caught in the trap, losing its life for a grain of wheat. Za kow {to tr~a ne treba bi~. A running horse needs no whip. A running horse needs no spur. Do not spur a free horse. A good horse should be seldom spurred. The beast that goes always never wants blows.

Za ku~e baklava ne trebat. (MNU 2186). You don't need to feed a dog baclava. Za qubovta nema lek. No herb will cure love. Za magarinata sedlo ne trebit. (MNU 2192). Asses don't need a horse saddle. Za nerazbranjot i t'pan da bijet ne e dosta. (Kav. 980). Few words to the wise suffice. A word to a wise man is enough. Za neskrotliv kow treba cvrsta uzda. A boisterous horse must have a rough bridle. Za onoj koj e me|u `ivite, ima nade`. While there is life, there is hope. (Propovednik 9, 4 / Ecclesiastes 9, 4). Za o{to da jadam vrap~e, koga ima prase. (MNU 2204). Why should I eat a sparrow when there is roast pork? Za o{to mu e glava, koga mu e prazna. (MNU 2206). What's the use of having a beard, if his head is empty? Za pari se' mo`e da se kupi. Money will do anything. All things are obedient to money. Love does much, money does everything. Money commands all.

 64 Bone Veli~kovski

518. 519. 520. 521. 522. 523. 524. 525. 526. 527. 528. 529. 530. 531. 532. 533. 534. 535. 536. 537. 538. 539.

Za pe~ena koko{ka vera ne se prodat (vera ne prodam). (Kav. 983). You should not sell you faith for the sake of roast chicken. Za pop viket doktur, a za doktur viket pop. (Kav. 986). They call a doctor for the priest, and a priest for the doctor. Za razbranjot i ajpida da zbr~it, dosta e. (Kav. 990). Few words to the wise suffice. A word to a wise man is enough. Za se' ima lek osven za smrtta. There is a remedy for everything but death. Za se' ima merka. There is a measure in all things. Measure is treasure.
Moderation in all things.

Za sekogo negoviot dom e najubav. There is no place like home. An Englishman's home is his castle.

Za tu|o lele ne trebi pla~ewe. (MNU 2228). A stranger's misfortunes should not make you weep. Whoever weeps for the misfortunes of the world, will
have no eyes left.

Za }efot tvoj ne si go pukam meot moj. (MNU 2229). I won't give you satisfaction of giving myself ulcers. Za umrenite se' najdobro. Say nothing of the dead but what is good.
Never speak ill of the dead. Speak well of the dead.

Za ~istite se' e ~isto. To the pure all things are pure. (Tit 1, 15 / Titus 1, 15). Zabranetoto ovo{je e najslatko. Forbidden fruit is sweet. (Bitie 3, 6 / Genesis 3, 6). Stolen fruit is sweet. Stolen waters are sweet. Zavisliv bogat od siromav um ne priima. (MNU 2144). A jealous rich man will not take the advice of a poor man. Zad grbo i caro se psua. (MNU 2155). Even the king is abused behind his back. Zaedni~kiot kow e najlo{o potkovan. The common horse is worst shod. Zakonot e dobar, ako nekoj go primenuva zakonski. The law is good, if a man use it lawfully. (I Timotej 1, 8 / I Timothy 1, 8). Zaludo da ima{, koga ne znai{ da si pomini{. (MNU 2189). If you don't know how to live, it is absurd to have many possessions. Zanaet kanaet. (Kis. 29). Who has a trade, has a share everywhere. Zanaetot e zlaten. (Kav. 974). A handful of trade is a handful of gold. Zanaetot pari ~init. (P.D. 1044). Trade is the mother of money. A
trade is better than service.

Zanaet~ijata rabotata go falit. (Kav. 978). The work shows the workman. The workman is known by his work. Zanajat bez alat ne biva. (MNU 2199). There is no trade without its tools. Zar toj zborual so boga, da {to znael. (MNU 2323). Come on now, has he spoken to God Almighty Himself that he pretends to know a thing like that?

 65 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

540.

541. 542.

543. 544. 545. 546. 547. 548. 549. 550. 551. 552. 553. 554. 555. 556. 557. 558.

Zatoa bidete mudri kako zmii i bezopasni kako gulabi. Be ye therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves. (Matej 10, 16 / Matthew 10, 16). Zbiraj na mladost, da ima{ na starost. (P.D. 1054). Make ample provision for old age. Zbor od ustata ne mu izleguat, ama od srceto afrat mu izleguat. (MNU 2241). Not a word escapes his mouth, but poison comes from his heart. Zbor {to }e se ka`e i kamen {to }e se frli, nazad ne se vra}aat. A word and a stone let go cannot be called back. A word spoken is past recalling. Words have wings and cannot be recalled.

Zborveweto e strebro, a mal~eweto zlato. (Kav. 1009). Speech is silver, but silence is golden. Silence is golden. Zboroi treba da arxi{, koga saka{ ne{to da prodai{. (MNU 2243). Many words have to be wasted when you want to sell something. Zborojte se meret, ne se broet. (Kav. 1015). Words should be measured, not counted. Zborot dupka ne otvorat, ama rana (pqaga) otvorat. (Kav. 1018). Slander leaves a score behind it. If the ball does not stick to the wall, it will at
least leave a mark.

Zborot duri ne go preduma{ i pre`iva{ arno, ne zbori go pred sekogo. (MNU 2248). Before you speak your mind, think long and hard.
Speak fitly, or be silent wisely.

Zborot ne e strela, ama polo{o od strela ustreqvit. (Kav. 1020). A word is not an arrow, but is much deadlier when it hits the target. Zborot rani (pqagi) otvorat. (Kav. 1022). The word opens wounds. Zboruav, zboruav, usta me dobole i pak ne me razbra. (MNU 2253). I talked and talked till my mouth ached, but I still didn't get through to him. Zboruat kako prazna vodenica. (MNU 2258). He talks like an empty mill wheel grinding away. Zdiot maj~in i tatkov fa{~at, a kamoli kletvata. (Kav. 1027). The very sigh of the father or mother takes effect, let alone their curse. Zdrav duh vo zdravo telo. A sound mind in a sound body. Zdravje - najgolemo bogatstvo (Nedeq. str. 198). Health is better than wealth. Health is great riches. Zdravje i topol somun, i od komiwe voda. (MNU 2279). "Good health, hot bread and brandy", say the people who are content with life. Zdravjeto e za ~oeko najgolemo bogatstvo. (MNU 2281). Health is a person's greatest wealth. Zdravjeto, parite i slobodata se baret (se cenet) ko }e 'i nema{. (Kav. 1036). Health, money and freedom are always sought when they are absent.

 66 Bone Veli~kovski

559. 560. 561. 562. 563.

564.

565.

Zdrelite kru{i divite sviwi 'i jadat. (MNU 2283). The wild boars eat the ripe pears. Into the mouth of a bad dog often falls a good bone. Zedov, dadov od ovoj vek, zao{to ne }e se raduam. (MNU 2284). I gave and took from this world, so why shouldn't I be cheerful? Zelenata treva e na o~ite mila. (MNU 2285). Green grass is lively to behold. Zemja da ne me primi, ako te la`am! (MNU 2294). May the earth not accept my remains, if I am lying to you! Zemjenoto grne mora da stoi podaleku od bakarniot kotel. The earthen pot must keep clear of the brass kettle. (Sirah 13, 2 / Ecclesiasticus 13, 2). Zer volko ne bara magla, za da napadni ov~kite stada? (MNU 2301). Is it not fog that the wolf seeks so that he can attack the sheep flocks more easily? Zer deka ima brada, da itar saka da se ka`i. (MNU 2304). He has grown a beard to give every appearance of being intelligent. He knows he has
a beard, so he thinks he has much brains. It is not the beard that makes the philosopher.

566. 567. 568. 569. 570. 571.

Zer i od vrba ~eka{ da rodi maslinki? (MNU 2306). Do you really expect olives to grow on a willow tree? Plant the crab-tree where you will, it
will never bear pippins.

572. 573. 574. 575. 576.

Zer i od vrba ~eka{ da ti rodi jabolka. (MNU 2307). Do you really expect apples to grow on a willow tree? Zer mu ispila ~avka umot, da nekanet na gosti }e odit. (MNU 2310). Have the crows eaten his brains that he turns up to feasts uninvited? Zinale tamav}arite, da i goltat `ivi siromasite. (MNU 2345). The greedy open their mouths wide to swallow the poor. Z'jakot v planina, a toj r'`en gotvit. (Kav. 1105). The hare in the wood, he made a spit. Z'jakot je rekol na `eqkata: "Vjaj me `eqko, duri (za{~o) orelon letat nad mene". (Kav. 1107). The rabbit said to the tortoise: "Ride on my back while the eagle is hovering above." Zlatoto e klu~ za site vrati. (P.D. 1120. A golden key can open any door. No lock will hold against the power of gold. He that will enter into paradise
must have a good key.

Zlatoto se ispituva vo ogan. Gold is tried in the fire. (I Petar 1, 7 / I Peter 1, 7; Otkrovenie 3, 18 / Revelation 3, 18). Zlatoto se kalit v ogan, a ~vek vo neoqa. (Kav. 1064). Gold is tempered in fire, people in suffering. Fire is the test of gold; adversity of friendship.
Gold is tried in the fire.

Zlo ku~e koskata je grizit, ni drugemu je dat. (Kav. 1067). The malicious dog will not gnaw the bone, nor will it give it to anyone else. Zlo trn, zlo kopa~ka. (MNU 2357). Knotty timber must have sharp wedges. A crabbed knot must have a crabbed wedge.

 67 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

577.

578. 579. 580. 581. 582.

583. 584. 585. 586. 587. 588.

Zmija mu vlegla v kese, {to ne}i da si plati. (MNU 2359). Is there a poisonous snake in his wallet that stops him from digging in and paying up? Zmija od nego da k'snit, }e se otrujat. (Kav. 1078). If a snake bit him, it would be poisoned. Znaeweto bez praksa ne vredi mnogu. Knowledge without practice is nothing. Znaeweto e sila. Knowledge is power. Znait Gospod ~ie maslo gori vo tvoeto kandilo. (MNU 2371). God knows whose oil burns in front of your icon. Zn'eweto ostaj go ovde, a tajnata priberi si ja v grob. (Kav. 1085). Leave your knowledge and experience behind; take your secrets with you to the grave. Zo{~o mi e zlaten legen koga krv }e pquvam vo nego. (Kav. 1099). What's the good of having a golden basin if I spit blood in it? Zo{~o mi si (si mi) na volja, ko te nemat vo neoqa. (Kav. 1102). What use are you when I am happy, if you are absent when I am sad? Zrelata kru{a sama si pa|a. When the pear is ripe, it falls. Zrno po zrno - poga~a, kamen po kamen - palata. (P.D. 1141). Grain by grain - a whole bread, stone by stone - a palace. Zulum duri ne bide, carstvo ne gine. (P.D. 1142). Kingdoms divided soon fall. Divide and rule. Zulumot koga navali, lu|eto trgaat trista maki. (MNU 2379). When there is oppression, the people suffer three hundred miseries. In time
of war, the people suffer three hundred calamities.

Y 589. 590. Yvonecot svoj ne besi go na ~u`x oven. (Kav. 1116). Don't hang your bell on someone else's ram. Yid bez male~ki kam~iwa ne stoit. (^ove~koto op{testvo ne mo`e
da postoi, ako nema vo nego lu|e od razli~ni stepeni, duri i od najdolnite, za da mo`at da se vr{at site negovi najrazli~ni nu`di.). (MNU

591. 592. 593. 594.

2382). You can't build a wall without small stones. Yid so glaa ne se turkat. (MNU 2383). You can't knock a wall down with your head. Yidoite imat u{i. (GK, II, str. 180). Walls have ears. Fields have eyes,
and woods have ears.

Yizdot imat i o~i i u{i. (Kav. 1119). Walls have both eyes and ears.
Walls have ears. Fields have eyes, and woods have ears. The day has eyes, the night has ears.

Yizdot u{i imat, plotot o~i imat. (Kav. 1120). Walls have eyes, the fence has eyes.

 68 Bone Veli~kovski

I 595. 596. 597. 598. 599. 600. 601. 602. 603. I bez petli mo`e da se os'mne. (MNU 2391). The day will dawn, even if the cock doesn't crow. I bez pop se zakopvit. (Kav. 1127). People can be buried even without a priest. I bijolicana belo mleko dat. (Kav. 1130). Even the buffalo cow gives white milk. I b'lvana imat `'l~ka. (Kav. 1131). Even the flea has her gall. The fly
has her spleen and the ant her gall. Even a worm will turn. Tread on a worm and it will turn. I vodana imat u{i. (Kav. 1138). Waters have ears. The day has eyes, the night has ears.

I Gospod se smejt koga aramja na aramja }e mu ukradit. (Kav. 1142). Even God has a good laugh when a thief robs another thief. I da stisne{ i da prdni{, ne se mojt. (Kav. 1155). You cannot have your cake and eat it. I `ena si za pari bi je prodal. (Kav. 1175). He would even sell his wife for money. I za najmiliot gostin tri dni se dosta. (Kav. 1166). Even for the most welcome guest, three days are enough. Fish and guests stink after three
days. Fresh fish and new-come guests smell in three days. A constant guest is never welcome.

604. 605. 606. 607. 608. 609. 610. 611. 612. 613.

I yizdojne imet u{i. (Kav. 1177). Walls have ears. I itriot se la`it, kako budalata {to se la`it. (MNU 2421). The intelligent person is deceived as easily as the fool is. I j'sikana e visoka, ama senka nemat. (Kav. 1180). The poplar is tall, but it makes no shadow. I j'sikana e visoka, ama ~avki je seret. (Kav. 1181). The poplar is tall, but the crows leave their droppings on it. Tall men had ever very empty
heads.

I lisicana e itra, ama ko`ata nejzina na }urk~i je prodavet. (Kav. 1193). The fox is cunning, they still sell its fur in the market place. I maloto kam~e mo`it kola da prevrtit. (Kav. 1197). A little stone in the way overturns a great wain. Little strokes fell great oaks. A small leak will
sink a great ship.

I ma~kana bi fa{~ala rip~iwa, ama ne sakat da si 'i kvasit noyete. (Kav. 1206). The cat would eat fish and would not wet her feet. I ma~orokon imat musta}i. (Kav. 1207). Even the cat has moustache. I ma~orot ima musta}i, ama `enite go brkaat so ma{a. Even the cat has moustache, but women chase him with tongs. I na sviwata }e i' re~i{ vujko (ili striko), duri da si pomini{ mostot. (MNU 2486). Call the pig 'uncle' till you are safe across the

 69 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

614. 615. 616. 617. 618. 619. 620. 621. 622. 623. 624.

bridge. I najarnijot pliva~ mojt da se udajt. (Kav. 1225). Even the best swimmer can drown. He came safe from the East Indies, and was drowned in the
Thames.

I najdobrata kola mo`e da se prevrti. The best cart may overthrow. I najdobriot strelec mo`e da proma{i. A good marksman may miss. I najubavata roza na krajot ovenuva. The fairest rose at last is withered. I na{ite petli crveni jajca noset. (Kav. 1228). Our roosters too lay red eggs. Nothing succeeds like success. Luck goes in cycles. Money begets money.

I nego go ogrjalo s'nce. (Kav. 1229). The sun has shone on him. Nothing succeeds like success. Luck goes in cycles. Money begets money.

I nemu Gospo mu pomaga, ako e druga vera. (MNU 2495). God helps all people, including those of a different faith. I ne~istata voda gasi po`ar. Dirty water will quench fire. (Sirah 3, 29 / Ecclesiasticus 3, 30). I ova }e pominit, ama tr'ga (luzna) }e ostajt. (Kav. 1235). We shall overcome this as well, but a scar will remain. 'I ostajle me~kite da 'i vardet drenkite. (Kav. 1241). They set the bears to keep the cornel berries. To set the wolf to keep the sheep. You give the
wolf the wether to keep. He sets the fox to keep his geese.

625.

626. 627. 628. 629. 630.

I penot e ubav ko da e promenat i na}iten, ama pak si e pen. (Kav. 1243). A tree stump is beautiful when it is well dressed and ornated, but it is still a stump. I pepelta od ogni{teto mu ja iscrpa. (Karakterizirawe na bezbo`en kreditor.). (MNU 2501). They even took the ashes from his fireplace (of bad creditors). I petlite mu (ti, vi, im, je) noset. (Kav. 1244). He is such a lucky man that his roosters lay eggs. Nothing succeeds like success. Luck goes in
cycles. Money begets money.

I plevnata izgore, ama i gluvcite. (MNU 2506). The barn was burnt, but so were the mice. I prao da ka`ua, pak ne go verua. (MNU 2510). You can't believe him even when he tells the truth. I pr~on brada imat. (Kav. 1250). I pr~ot ima brada. (MNU 2511). Even the goat has a beard. If the beard were all, the goat might preach. The brains
don't lie in the beard.

631.

I svetcite zgre{ile, ama pak se osvetile, od koa se pokajale. (MNU 2513). The saints were once sinners, but were canonised after doing penance. I se' Moe - e Toe, i Tvoeto - Moe. What's yours is mine, and what's

 70 Bone Veli~kovski

632. 633. 634. 635.

mine is my own. (Jovan 17, 10 / John 17, 10). I toa {to mi go dade, niz nos mi go izvade. (MNU 2539). What he gave me, he made me pay back through the nose. I topolana e visoka, ama ~avki je seret. (Kav. 1262). The poplar is tall, but the crows leave their droppings on it. Tall men had ever very empty
heads.

I }orata koko{ka mojt da najt zrno. (Kav. 1264). A blind hen may sometimes find a grain. A blind man may sometimes hit the mark. A blind man
may perchance catch the hare (crow).

636. 637. 638. 639.

640. 641. 642.

643. 644. 645. 646. 647. 648. 649. 650. 651.

I ulaiot bega od pijaniot, kamo li umniot da ne bega. (MNU 2549). Even a crazy man runs from the drunkard, let alone the thinking man. I umren da e, ako ~ujat za pari, bi stanal. (Kav. 1266). Even if he were dead and buried, he would get up if he heard the word "money". I utre imat den. (Kav. 1267). Tomorrow is another day. Never say die. I crnata krava belo mleko dat. (Kav. 1721). Even the black cow gives white milk. A black hen lays a white egg. I ~oekot da ja seit `ito zemjata, ama i Gospod so sonce da ja stoplit. (MNU 2558). Man must sow the earth with grain, but God must warm it with the sun. Iglata e gola, a cel svet go oblekuva. A needle is naked, but dresses the entire world. A candle lights others and consumes itself. Izbira~ot ne`enat ostanvit. (Kav. 1167). The blemish-seeker will remain unmarried. Izvadi si prvo gredata {~o e vo o~ite tvoi, ta posle da vidi{ raskata, ({~o) e vo o~ite na drugite. (MNU 2406). You see the splinter in your brother's eye, but not the beam in your own. Izgledot la`e. Appearances are deceptive. Izgorel ambarot (izgorela plevnata), izgorele i gluvcite. (Kav. 1170). The barn was burnt, but so were the mice. Izgubenoto vreme nazad ne se vra}a. Time lost cannot be won again.
An occasion lost cannot be redeemed. Yesterday will not be called again.

Izobilstvoto zborovi ne biduva bez grev. A great talker is a great liar. (Poslovici 10, 19 / Proverbs 10, 19). Ikonomijata e du{man na siroma{~ijata. (Kav. 1187). Thrift is the enemy of poverty. Ikonomijata e majka na bogatstvoto. (Kav. 1188). Thrift is the mother of wealth. Spare well and have well. Ili so sila ili so itrina. Either by might or by sleight. In the lion's skin
cannot the fox's shall.

Ima granica na se~ija strplivost. There is a limit to one's patience.

Patience provoked turns to fury.

Ima lo{o, ima i polo{o. (MNU 2450). There is bad, and there is worse.

 71 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

652. 653. 654.

655. 656. 657. 658. 659. 660.

Ima umira~ka za nestre}a i za stre}a. (MNU 2465). There can be either good fortune, or misfortune, in dying. Ima ~oek {to imat pari i pak ~oe~ki ne `ivei. (MNU 2469). There are people with money who don't live like human beings. Ima ~oek {to si kolni i tepa tatka si i majka si. (MNU 2470). It's hard to believe, but there are people who abuse and even beat their own parents! Imaj si brada, da za ~e{li kolku ti du{a saka. (MNU 2442). Get yourself a beard; as for combs, you can have as many as you like. Imaj si krotko srce, ako saka{ da `ivee{ poe}e godiwe. (MNU 2445). Have peace of mind, if you want to live longer. Imat lu|e, em ne znaat, em ne pra{aat. (MNU 2461). There are people who don't know, yet don't even ask to find out. Ima{ li grb, samari trista. (MNU 2474). If you have the back for it, three hundred saddles can easily be found. Ima{ pari - vezir, nema{ pari - reziq. (Kav. 1210). If you have money you are a gentleman, and if you haven't you are no one. A man without money is no man at all.

661.

Ima{ pari, ima{ fara (rodnini); nema{ pari, nema{ fara. (Kav. 1212). If you have money, you have relatives; no money - no relatives. Ima{ pari, ima{ ~est. (Kav. 1213). Ima{ pari, ima{ ~est, nema{ pari nema{ ~est. (Kav. 1214). If you have money, you have honour; no money - no honour. A man without money is no man at all. A gentleman
without an estate is like a pudding without suet. A man without money is a bow without an arrow. Money commands all.

662. 663. 664. 665. 666. 667. 668. 669. 670.

Inaetot i od medot e poblag. Inato e poblag od medo. (MNU 2484, 2490). Stubbornness is sweeter than honey. Inat prait kako magare na mos. (MNU 2491). Inate se kako magare na mos. (MNU 2487). He is as stubborn as a donkey on a bridge. Inato vadi oko. (MNU 2488). Stubbornness will gouge out your eyes. Inat~ijata umirat, ama zborot nazad ne si go zemat. (MNU 2492). The stubborn man is dying, yet he still refuses to take back his words. Iskopal grob za drugi, sam padnal vo nego. (Kav. 1256). He who digs a pit for others falls in himself. To make a snare for another and fall into it oneself. Harm watch, harm catch.

Iskustvoto e najdobar u~itel. (P.D. 1253). Iskustvoto e u~itel na se'. (P.D. 1254). Experience is the best teacher. Istr~al ko `drebe pred ruda. (Kav. 1259). He runs like a colt before the cart. Don't put the cart before the horse. Itar kako zmijul~e, krotok kako gulap~e. (MNU 2535). Wise as serpents, and harmless as doves. Itrite duri da go preesapat vekot, budalite }e go pominat.

 72 Bone Veli~kovski

671.

(MNU 2546). While thinking people are trying to make sense of things, the foolish ones get on with life. I{~av se otvorat so jadeweto. (Kav. 1272). Appetite comes with eating. Eating and scratching wants but a beginning. J

672. 673. 674. 675. 676.

Ja brz terzija da bidi{, ja brz pita~, ja brz aramija. (MNU 2562). You're either a nimble tailor, or a nimble beggar, or a nimble thief. Ja zbirat parata kako peso bolvite. (MNU 2582). He gathers money like a dog catches fleas. Ja zbirat parata, kako ~umata decata. (MNU 2584). He gathers money like the plague taking children. Ja pra{ale Cigankata ~ie dete e najubavo, taa poka`ala na Cigan~eto. The crow thinks her own bird fairest. The owl thinks her own young
fairest. Fair is not fair, but that which pleases.

677. 678. 679. 680. 681. 682. 683. 684. 685.

Ja um (da ti dait gospod), - ja (v) Sveti Naum (da te pratime, za da ti go donesat). (MNU 2622). Either a sound mind, or off to Saint Naum's (Noam) monastery. (Saint Naum of Ohrid is traditionally regarded as a patron and healer of the mentally ill in Macedonia). Jadewe, piewe bratski, sirewe za pari. (MNU 2570). Eat and drink like brothers, but business is business. Brothers should always keep good accounts with each other.

686. 687.

Jadi za da `ive{, ne `ivi za da jade{. (Nedeq. str. 198). Eat to live, not live to eat. Jadi, Maro, sirewe za{~o ov~ar saka{e. (Kav. 1278). Eat cheese now, Mary, because you married a dairy farmer. Jazel so raka ne se odvrzuat, a so sabja se prese~uat. (MNU 2585). A knot that cannot be untied by hand, can be cut by a sword. Jazik kquka, glava puka. (MNU 2586). The tongue talks at the head's cost. A fool's tongue is long enough to cut his own throat. Jazik prait dobro, jazik prait lo{o. (MNU 2591). The tongue may say good things, but it could talk at the head's cost. Jal ne jal - tri ipol. (MNU 2594). Regardless of this, that, and the other, the outcome is always good. Jas go ostaam tutunot, arno ama toj ne me ostaat. (MNU 2604). I'm quitting tobacco, but unfortunately it won't quit me. Jas gospodin, ti gospodin (ako sme), ami koj }e go turit `itoto v ambar? (MNU 2605). If I'm in charge, and you're in charge, who will put the grain in the granary? I proud and thou proud, who shall bear the ashes out? J'zikot koski nemat, (ama) koski kr{it. (MNU 2636). Tongue breaks bone and itself has none. The tongue is not of steel, yet it cuts. J'zikot se~it poostro od sabja. (Kav. 1323). The tongue cuts sharper

 73 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

than the sword. Words cut more than swords. Ill air slays sooner than the sword.
The tongue is sharper than the knife.

688.

J'opitale lisicata: - Zo{~o si tolku itra? - Za{~o imat pobudali od mene, rekla lisicata. (Kav. str. 151, br. 26). The fox said it was cunning only because others were not as smart. K

689. 690. 691. 692. 693. 694. 695. 696.

697. 698.

699. 700. 701. 702. 703. 704.

Kavgata za nikogo ne e arna. (Kav. 1327). Quarrelling does no one any good. Kade e tvoeto bogatstvo, tamu }e bide i tvoeto srce. Where your treasure is, there will your heart be also. (Matej 6, 21 / Matthew 6, 21). Kade ima volja, }e se najde i na~in. Where there's a will, there's a way. A willful man will have his way. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. Kade ima sila nema pravina. Might is right. Kade ima trska, tamu ima voda. Where there are reeds, there is water. Kade mi e dobro, tamu mi e domot. Where is well with me, there is my country. A wise (valiant) man esteems every place to be his own country. Kade nema ~est, nema ni kaewe. Where there is no honour, there is no grief. Kade se pileto opililo, tam mu e milo. Kaj se rodilo pileto, si prai sedelceto. (MNU 2640, 2657). The chick's favourite spot is the place where it was hatched. Kade sonceto vleguva, doktorot ne doa|a. Where the sun enters, the doctor does not. Kade }e bide trupot, tamu orlite }e se sobiraat! Where the carcass is, there shall the eagles be gathered together. (Matej 24, 28 / Matthew 24, 28; Luka 17, 37 / Luke 17, 37). Wheresoever the carcass is, there will the ravens be gathered together. Kade{to ogradata e najniska, tamu najlesno se minuva. Where the hedge is lowest, men may soonest over. A low hedge is easily leaped over. Men
leap over where the hedge is lowest.

Ka`i mi so kakvi se dru`i{, }e ti ka`am kakov si. A man is known by the company he keeps. Ka`i mi so kogo oj{, da ti ka`am kakov si. (Kav. 1330). Tell me with whom thou goest, and I'll tell thee what thou doest. Ka`i na sviwata "vujko", dodeka da zamine{ mosto. (MNU 2644). Call the pig 'uncle' till you are in the pit. Call the bear 'uncle' till you are safe
across the bridge.

Kaj zbor ne pomaga, tamo stap pomaga. (MNU 2649). Where words are of no use, the rod will be useful. Kaj {to go boli na ~oeka zabot, tamo mu oit jazikot. (MNU 2660). The tongue ever turns to the aching tooth.

 74 Bone Veli~kovski

705. 706. 707. 708. 709. 710. 711. 712. 713.

Kaj {to zmiite `elezo grizat. (Vo lo{o i ma~no mesto o{ol.). (MNU 2661). They were such hard times, the very snakes gnawed iron. Kaj {to ima gnasotii, tamo se zbiraat mui. (MNU 2663). Wherever there are disgusting smells, flies gather. Kaj {to ima `ito ima i gluvci. No larder but hath his mice. Kaj {to motika ne kopa, grojze ne se ra|a. (MNU 2673). Where no spade digs, grapes will not grow. Kaj {to ne pomaga zbor, tamo i stap ne pomaga. (MNU 2676). Where words are of no avail, a rod is also unhelpful. Kaj {to nemat ma~ka gluvcite barat pqa~ka. (MNU 2675). When the cat's away, the mice will play. Kaj {to stapi, trava ne porasna. (MNU 2683). Wherever he stood, the grass would not grow. Kaj {to starite ne se slu{aat, i Gospod ne mu daat. (MNU 2684). Those who don't obey the elderly people, God doesn't help. If you wish good
advice, consult an old man.

Kaj {to te vikaat, odi; kaj {to te teraat, begaj. (MNU 2685). Go to where they call you; run from where they chase you. Run to where they eat;
run from where they beat. Give neither counsel nor salt till you are asked for it. Come not to counsel uncalled.

714. 715. 716. 717. 718. 719. 720. 721. 722. 723. 724. 725. 726.

Kaj {to treba motika, ne treba molitva. (MNU 2687). When the situation calls for a spade, prayer is not necessary. Kak' }e soli{, tak' }e jadi{. (MNU 2819). As you salt, so shall you eat. Kakva e lozata, takvo e grozjeto. (MNU 2691). Like vine, like grapes.
A chip off the old block. Like father, like son. Like mother, like daughter.

Kakva majka, takva }erka. Like mother, like daughter. (Ezekiel 16, 44 / Ezekiel 16, 44). Kakva ptica, takvi jajca. Such bird, such egg. An evil crow, an evil egg.
Like crow, like egg.

Kakva rabota, takva plata. As the work, so the pay. Kakva re~ (}e re~e{), takov ustrel (}e udri{). (MNU 2692). Words reveal the person. Kakvo drvo, takov plod. Like tree, like fruit. Kakvo drvce, takvo svir~e. Like wood, like whistle. Like wood, like arrow.

Kakvo e posejal, takvo i }e po`nie. (MNU 2695). What is sewn will be what is worn. Kakvo pra{awe, takov odgovor. Like question, like answer. Kako doma nigde nema. There is no place like home. Kako do{lo, taka (i) po{lo. (MNU 2725). Kako do{lo, taka i oti{lo. (MNU 2724). Easy come, easy go. So got, so gone. Lightly
gained, quickly lost. Quickly come, quickly go. Ill gotten, ill spent. Evil gotten, evil spent. Come with the wind, go with the water.

 75 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

727. 728. 729. 730. 731. 732.

Kako magareto i prleto. (MNU 2742). As the old ass bauls, so bauls the young. Kako muva na med. A fly follows the honey. Kako prvio zalak {to e sladok, ne et i vtoriot. (MNU 2776). The second mouthful is not as tasty as the first. Kako si poslal, taka }e si legni{. (MNU 2783). As you make your bed, so you must lie on it. As they brew, so let them bake. As you bake, so shall
you eat. As they brew, so let them drink.

Kako smrtta pred mene da si ja gledam, koga tebe }e te vidam. (MNU 2791). Seeing him, is like seeing the Grim Reaper before my eyes. Kako srce bolelo, taka (i) o~i plakale. (So`alenieto i sostradanieto na{e sprema nekogo e srazmerno so na{ata qubov kon nego, t.e. kolku pove}e go sakame, tolku pove}e }e go `alime i }e ne' boli koga bi go na{la nekoja nesre}a i obratno.). (MNU 2793). The eyes wept exactly

733. 734. 735. 736. 737. 738.

as the heart ached. Kako Struga nema druga. (MNU 2794). He who has not seen Seville has not seen a wonder. Kako }e ti svirat, taka }e igra{. (MNU 2800). You will dance according to the tune they play for you. Kako {to do{lo, taka i si po{lo. (MNU 2805). Easy come, easy go. Kako {to drobil, taka neka srka. (MNU 2806). As he cooked, so let him eat. As you bake, so shall you eat. As they brew, so let them bake. As they
brew, so let them drink. As you make your bed, so you must lie on it.

Kako {to zborua, taka i misli. (MNU 2808). What the heart thinks, the tongue speaks. He wears his heart upon his sleeve. His heart is in his mouth.
Out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh.

739. 740. 741. 742. 743. 744. 745. 746. 747.

Kako {to se arxat pari za vino i rakija, taka da se arxea i za nauka, ne }e trgaa siromasite maka. (MNU 2811). If money were spent on education the way it is spent on beer and gambling, the people would not suffer so much. Kakov grev, takva kazna. As a man sinneth, so is his punishment. Kakov kral, takov narod. Like king, like people. Kakov mu et umot, takov mu et i domot. (MNU 2706). Such mind, such home. Like crow, like egg. Kakov pretsedatel, takov narod. (P.D. 1415). Like president, like people. Like prince, like people. Kakov stopan, takov sluga. Like master, like man. Like king, like people. Kakov tatko, takov sin. (Kav. 1352). Like father, like son. Kakov ti e atot, takov ti e i patot. (MNU 2713). As the horse, so the road. Kakov {to e tatkoto takov e i sino. (MNU 2715). Like father, like son. A chip off the old block. Kalot ne go buri~kaj da ne ti smrdi. (Nedeq. str. 191). Don't stir

 76 Bone Veli~kovski

mud as it will smell. Don't stir cow dung as it will smell. He that touches pitch shall be defiled. He that has to do with what is foul never comes away clean. He that measures oil shall anoint his fingers. 748. Kalu|er koj se storil, na tatko si i na majka si ne mu po`al. (MNU 2871). Whoever became a monk never spared a thought for his mother and father. Kalu|er stori se, od rabota ma~na otkini se. (MNU 2872). Become a monk, and spare yourself hard work. Kamen da stisne, voda }e pu{ti. (P.D. 1420). He is able to get water from a stone. Kamen {~o se trkaqat, nigde treva ne fa{~at. (MNU 2830). Kamen {to se trkala, toj trava ne va}a. (MNU 2829). A rolling stone gathers no moss. Kameweto i pesokta set te{ki, ama zboroite lo{i odbezumnio set pote{ki. (MNU 2831). Rocks are heavy, but evil words from the thoughtless are heavier. Kamilata oti{la da tra`e rogove, ta ostanala i bez u{i. (MNU 2836). Kamiqata pobarala rogoi, ta izgubila i u{ite. (MNU 2837). The camel going to seek horns lost his ears. Kao crv vo drvo se vie siromaijo (MNU 2848). The poor man writhes like a grub in wood. Kapka po kapka vir stanuje. (Nedeq. str. 184). Many drops make a pool. Many drops make a shower. Large streams from little fountains flow. Many
small make a great. Penny and penny laid up will be many.

749. 750. 751.

752.

753.

754. 755. 756. 757. 758. 759.

Kapka po kapka se prai reki. (MNU 2851). Drop by drop - a river is formed. Kapkana i kamenon go zdlabit. (Kav. 1392). Kapkana i vo kamen dupka otvorat. (Kav. 1391). Constant dropping wears away the stone. Kataden Veligden ne biduat. (MNU 2859). Christmas comes but once a year. Every day is not Sunday. Kataden gost, (e) kako kisel grozd. (^estite poseti mu se zdodevni na onoj {to gi prima). (MNU 2862). A guest that comes every day is like a sour grape. Fish and guests stink after three days. Fresh fish and new-come guests
smell in three days. A constant guest is never welcome.

760.

Kafeno je crno, ama begoj go pijeet; snegot je bel, ama ku~iwata go gazeet. (MNU 2873). The coffee is black, but the Turkish lords drink it; the snow is white, but the dogs trample it. Pepper is black and hath a good
smack. Spice is black, but it has a sweet smack.

761. 762. 763.

K'de babat mnogu babi, decata bez gla se ro`xet. (Kav. 1807). Where there are too many midwives the children are born without head. Too
many cooks spoil the broth.

Ke je kno~ko se }init. (Kav. 1408). The thread breaks where it is weakest. The chain is no stronger than its weakest link. Ke nemat ogan, ne ~adit. (Kav. 1416). No fire, no smoke. Make no fire,

 77 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

raise no smoke. No smoke without fire.

764. 765. 766. 767. 768. 769. 770. 771.

Ke skokat kozana i jareto po neja. (Kav. 1427). Where the dam leaps over, the kid follows. Ke {~o ne pomogvit zbor, }e pomo`it stap. (Kav. 1446). Where words are of no use, the rod will be useful. Ke {~o pla~et i ti pla~i, ke {~o se smeet, smej se. (Kav. 1448). Where there is weeping, weep; where there is laughter, laugh. Ke {~o ~adit imat i ogan. (Kav. 1450). No smoke without fire. No fire,
no smoke. Make no fire, raise no smoke.

Kiselo vince, radosno srce. (MNU 2883). Good vintage wine, life is joyful and fine. Klin so klin se istervit. (Kav. 1453). One nail drives out another.
One poison drives out another. One devil drives out another. Like cures like.

772. 773. 774.

775. 776. 777. 778. 779. 780. 781. 782. 783.

Ko delel Gospod um, toj stoel zad vrata. (Kav. 1498). When God was parcelling out brains, that fellow was behind the door. Ko na{ol E|uptinot poj}e mas, go nama~kal g'zot da mu svetit. (Kav. 1726). They that have got good store of butter may lay it thick on their bread. Ko }e oj{ u v'lkot na gosti, zej go i stapot. (Kav. 1752). When you pay a visit to the wolf, take a stick. Ko }e se najajt praseto, }e go prevrtit kopan~eto. (Kav. 1755). When the pig has eaten its fill, it overturns the trough. Koga boli glavata, celoto telo e vo bolka. Ako strada eden ~len, so nego stradaat site ~lenovi. When the head aches all the body is the worse. (I Korintjani 12, 26 / I Corinthians 12, 26). Koga bolkata spie, ne treba da se budi. When sorrow is asleep, wake it not. Koga brodot tone, gluvcite prvi go napu{tat. Rats desert a sinking ship. Rats desert a falling house. Koga da ja nema doma ma~kata, gluvcite oro si igraat. (MNU 2914). When the cat's away, the mice will play. Koga dvajca se karet, tretiot go jajt }otegot. (Kav. 1461). When two quarrel, the third man cops a beating. Koga dojde umo, ne go najde kumo. (MNU 2919). He came to his reasons, but his godfather had left. When a thing is done, advice comes too late. Koga drvoto }e padne sekoj tr~a kon nego so svojata sekira. When the tree is fallen every one runs to it with his axe. Koga e za doktur, viket pop, a koga e za pop, viket doktur. (Kav. 1464). They call a doctor for the priest, and a priest for the doctor. Koga e najpotrebno, toga{ Gospod pomaga. When need is highest, God's help is nighest. When the night's darkest, the dawn's nearest. Koga zgle`xa{ momi~ka, frli opuq i na majkata. (Kav. 1463). When appraising the daughter, cast an eye on the mother as well. He that

 78 Bone Veli~kovski

would the daughter win must with the mother first begin. He that would the mistress win must with the maid first begin. Praise the child, and you make love to the mother.

784. 785. 786. 787. 788. 789. 790. 791. 792.

793.

Koga me~ka ne ti gazi lozeto, ne vikaj po nea. (MNU 2926). If the bear is not trampling your vineyard, don't yell at it. Koga ne te pra{aat, ne treba da ka`ua{. (MNU 2934). Don't tell if you're not being asked. Koga nema |aolot rabota, si i e... decata. (MNU 2930). When the Devil is unemployed, he abuses his own children. Koga nemat glaa, ~umu mu e brada? (MNU 2932). Since he has no (head), he doesn't need a beard. Koga nemat pile, arna e i stra~ka. (Kav. 1470). If you have not a chicken, feed on magpie. Koga praj{ crkva, napraj i altar (kambanarija). (Kav. 1472). When building a church, make an altar (a bell) as well. Koga praj{ xamija, napraj i minare. (Kav. 1473). When building a mosque, make a minaret as well. Koga pusni kowa roga. (MNU 2941). At latter Lammas. (To put off for ever). Koga se davit ~vek, i za usviteno `elezo se fa{~at. (Kav. 1474). Koga se davit ~vek, i za zmija se fa{~at. (Kav. 1475). A drowning man will clutch at a straw (snake). Koga se storil E|uptinot car, prvo tatka si go obesil. (Kav. 1478). When a knave is in a plum-tree, he has neither friend nor kin. Set a
beggar on horseback, and he'll ride to the Devil. No pride like that of an enriched beggar.

794.

Koga si bogat ima{ mnogu prijateli, a koga }e osiroma{i{ nema da ti ostane nitu eden. In time of prosperity friends will be plenty; in time of adversity not one amongst twenty. Prosperity makes friends, adversity
tries them. Poverty parts fellowship. A poor man has no friends.

795. 796. 797. 798. 799. 800.

Koga si vo Rim, odnesuvaj se kako Rimjanite. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. When you go through the country of the one-eyed, be one-eyed. Koga siroma{tijata }e dojde na vrata, qubovta izleguva niz prozorec. When poverty comes in at the door, love flies out of the window.
Love lasts as long as money endures.

Koga site }e ti re~at magare si, vreme e da po~ne{ da rika{. When all men say you are an ass, it is time to bray. If one or three tell you, you
are an ass, put on a bridle (tail). What everybody says must be true.

Koga sre}ata tropa na vrata, otvori i'. When fortune knocks, open the door. When fortune smiles, embrace her. Koga stopanot ne e doma ku}ata se zapustuva. Master absent and house dead. Koga ti se gqat (ti se ~init) lisicana najkrotka, najmnogu vardi 'i koko{kite. (Kav. 1482). When the fox is on its best behaviour, give

 79 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

801. 802. 803.

804. 805. 806. 807.

808.

809. 810. 811. 812. 813. 814. 815. 816. 817. 818. 819.

extra protection to your chickens. Koga }e dojt ~vek do pita~ki stap, sekoj begat od nego. (Kav. 1486). When a man picks up beggar's stick, everybody runs away from him. Koga }e je dojt za nosewe, koko{kata sama }e si najt sedelo. (Kav. 1489). When the egg is about to be laid, the hen quickly finds a nest. Koga }e najde{ med, jadi umereno, za da ne se prejade{ i da go izbluva{ izedenoto. Too much honey cloys the stomach. (Poslovici 25, 16. Proverbs 25, 16). Koga }e se ugasi sve}ata, site `eni se isti. When the candles are out, all women are fair. Koga }e ti dadat prase, ubavo dr`i ja vre}ata. When the pig is proffered, hold up the poke. Koe leto bez gore{tina. (MNU 2968). Which summer without heat, and which winter without cold? Kozata e majstor, {to prai so g... petlici. (MNU 2971). Yes, I hear what you say, but the goat is also a good craftsman - with the little buttons that come out of his backside! Koi se fa}aat za no` od no` }e zaginat. All they that take the sword shall perish with the sword. (Matej 26, 52 / Matthew 26, 52; Otkrovenie 13, 10 / Revelation 13, 10). He who lives by the sword dies by the sword. Koj arno zafa{~at, arno }e bitisat. (Kav. 1514). A good beginning makes a good ending. Koj arno zafa{~at, polojna rabota bitisvit. (Kav. 1515). Well begun is half done. The first blow is half the battle. Koj bara, }e najde. He that seeks finds. (Matej 7, 7-8 / Matthew 7, 7-8; Luka 11, 10 / Luke 11, 10). The dog that trots finds a bone. Koj barat `ena bez kusur, bez `ena }e ostanit. (Kav. 1516). Whoever seeks a marriage partner without faults, will stay single. Koj barat rogoi, }e zagubit i u{ite. (MNU 2991). The camel going to seek horns lost his ears. Koj brzo se `eni poleka se kae. The end of passion is the beginning of repentance. Koj bura see, nevreme `nee. He that mischief hatches, mischief catches.
He that hurts another hurts himself.

Koj visoko letat, nisko }e padnit. (Kav. 1538). He that flies high will fall low. The higher standing, the lower fall. The higher the mountain, the greater
descent. The bigger they are, the harder they fall. Hasty climbers have sudden falls.

Koj vjat magare, }e mu go mirisat prde`ot. (Kav. 1536). He who rides an ass, must endure his smell. Koj vjat magare, }e mu go slu{at rikaweto. (Kav. 1537). He who rides an ass, must listen to his bray. He who wants a mule without a fault, must
walk on foot.

Koj go potiskat nosot (prstot) vo ~u`xa vrata, bez nos (bez prst)

 80 Bone Veli~kovski

}e ostanit. (Kav. 1544). Put not thy hand between the bark and the tree.
Between the hammer and the anvil.

820.

Koj go {tedi stapot, go rasipuva sinot. (P.D. 1503). Spare the rod and spoil the child. (Poslovici 13, 24 / Proverbs 13, 24; Sirah 30, 1 / Ecclesiasticus 30, 1). The man who has not been flogged is not educated. A pitiful
mother makes a scabby daughter. Better children weep than old men.

821. 822. 823. 824. 825. 826. 827. 828.

Koj daleku patuval mnogu znae. He that travels far knows much. (Sirah 34, 10 / Ecclesiasticus 34, 10). Koj d'lgo spijat, bor~lija stanvit. (Kav. 1549). Whoever sleeps in all the time, will wake up in debt. Koj dobro prajt, nema zo{~o da se kajt. (Kav. 1546). One never loses by doing a good turn. A good deed is never lost. Koj docna doa|a, lo{o sedi. (P.D. 1505). He that comes last to the pot is soonest wroth. Koj dr`it mnogu praznici, brgu osiroma{vit. (Kav. 1548). Every day is holiday with sluggards. He that does nothing always finds helpers. Koj dr`it praznik, prazna mu e ku}ata. (Kav. 1547). Every day is holiday with sluggards. Koj e apnal med, on mu znae sladosta. (MNU 3014). Whoever has eaten honey, will know its sweetness. Koj e k'snat od zmija, (nemu) mu e strah i od gu{~erica. (MNU 3017). Whom a serpent has bitten, a lizard alarms. He that has been bitten by a
serpent is afraid of a rope. Once bitten, twice shy. A scalded cat fears cold water. A scalded dog fears cold water. A burnt child dreads the fire.

829.

Koj e }eqav, da ne sedit gologlav. (Kav. 1555). He that is bald must not stay without a hat. He that has a head of wax must not walk in the sun. Be not
a baker if your head be of butter. People who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones. Who has skirts of straw needs fear the fire. He that has a head of glass must not throw stones at another.

830.

831.

Koj edno{ka izm'mit, vtor p't ne mu vervet. (Kav. 1550). Koj edno{ka izm'mit, posle i vistinata da je ka`vit, ne mu vervet. (Kav. 1550a). A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth. He that once deceives is ever suspected. Koj `aqat klinecot, (toj) }e zagubit plo~ata; (a) koj `aqat plo~ata, (toj) }e zagubit i kojnot. (MNU 3019). For want of a nail the shoe is lost; for want of a shoe the horse is lost; for want of a horse the rider is lost. Oft times for sparing of a little cost a man has lost the large coat for
the hood.

832. 833. 834.

Koj za sebesi e lo{, kako }e bidit za drugi aren. (Kav. 1556). Whoever is no good for himself, will be no good for anyone else. Koj zafa{~at mnogu rabo}e niedna ne bitisvit. (Kav. 1557). He that begins many works will not end any. A man of many trades begs his bread
on Sunday.

Koj zborvit {~o mu drago, }e slu{at {~o ne mu e drago. Koj

 81 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

835. 836.

zborvit {~o sakat, }e slu{at {~o ne sakat. (Kav. 1559, 1560). Whoever says what he likes, will hear what he doesn't like. He who says what he likes shall hear what he does not like. Koj zborit mnogu, mnogu gre{i. (GK, II, str. 181). Whoever talks a lot, makes many mistakes. A great talker is a great liar. Koj zboruva kakvoto saka, on slu{a kakvoto ne saka. (MNU 3020). Whoever says what he likes, will hear what he doesn't like. He who says what
he likes shall hear what he does not like. He that speaks the thing he should not hears the thing he would not.

837. 838. 839.

840. 841. 842. 843. 844.

Koj zboruva see, a koj mol~i `nee. He that speaks sows and he that holds his peace gathers. Koj zn'jt da ~ekat, }e do~ekat. (Kav. 1561). All things come to those who wait. Everything comes to him who waits. Koj zn'jt mnogu zanaeti, bez ko{uqa ostanvit (bez ko{uqa ojt). (Kav. 1562). A Jack-of-all trades and master-of-none, usually loses his shirt. A man of many trades begs his bread on Sunday. Koj ima bra{no doma, siromav ne slagaj go. (MNU 3164). Don't consider a man poor if he has flour in his house. Koj ima nogo piper i v zeleto toruve. (MNU 3024). He who has plenty of pepper will pepper his cabbage. He that has plenty of good shall have
more. The more you get, the more you want. Much would have more.

Koj kak postele, taka i legnuve. (MNU 3031). As you make your bed, so you must lie on it. As they brew, so let them bake. As they brew, so let them
drink. As you bake, so shall you eat.

Koj kako rabotat, taka e i platen. (Kav. 1576). As the work, so the pay. Koj kamewa u kal frla }e se isprska. (Nedeq. str. 191). Whoever throws rocks in the mud, will be splashed. Don't stir mud as it will smell. Don't
stir cow dung as it will smell. He that touches pitch shall be defiled. He that has to do with what is foul never comes away clean. He that measures oil shall anoint his fingers.

845. 846.

Koj koj zboruva nevnimatelno, za glavata mu e. The tongue talks at the head's cost. (Poslovici 13, 3; 21, 23 / Proverbs 13, 3; 21, 23). Koj kopa grob na drugogo, sam pa|a u nego. (MNU 3032). Koj kopat drugemu grob, sam (toj) padvit vo nego. (Zemena od Sv. Pismo: "Koj misli ili mu gotvi na drug zlo, sam }e si postrada od nego"). (MNU 3034). Whoever digs a grave for another, will fall into it himself. He who
digs a pit for others falls in himself. To make a snare for another and fall into it oneself.

847.

Koj krivjot go `aqat, na pravjot mu gre{it. (Kav. 1583). Koj lo{jot go `aqat, na arniot lo{o mu prajt. (Kav. 1588). Pardoning the bad is injuring the good. Who pardons the bad, injures the good. He that helps
the evil hurts the good. Mercy to the criminal may be cruelty to the people.

 82 Bone Veli~kovski

848.

849. 850. 851. 852. 853. 854.

Koj kupvit {~o ne mu trebit, }e prodat i to {~o mu trebit. (Kav. 1584). Don't buy what you don't need, or else you'll end up selling what you do need. Koj la`e, toj i krade. (P.D. 1528). He that will lie will steal. Lying and
thieving go together. Show me a liar and I will show you a thief.

855. 856.

Koj lo{o zboruva za drugite, }e zboruva isto i za tebe. Who chatters to you will chatter of you. Koj lo{o prajt, lo{o do~ekvit. (Kav. 1589). He that does ill finds the ill. He that does ill hates the light. Koj lo{o prajt, na dobro neka ne se nadejt. (Kav. 1590). He that does ill let him not hope for the good. Koj malku see, malku `nee. Sow thin and mow thin. Koj merit (ili frqat) na mnogu vrap~iwa, toj ne udirat niedno. (Koj brka mnogu raboti, ne zavr{uva niedna.). (MNU 3041). Whoever aims at a lot of birds at once, will not even hit one. Koj m'mit i kradit. (Kav. 1603). He that will lie will steal. Lying and
thieving go together.

857. 858. 859. 860. 861. 862. 863. 864. 865. 866.

Koj mnogu blagodarit, ne mislit da platit. (Kav. 1598). Koj mnogu molitvit, ne mislit da vratit. (Kav. 1597). He that promises too much means nothing. Koj mnogu zn'jt, mnogu trgat. (Kav. 1596). Much science, much suffering. Much science, much sorrow. Koj mu se smee na kriviot, na krajot i samiot toj }e po~ne da kuca. If you mock the lame, you will go so yourself in time. He that mocks a
cripple, ought to be whole.

Koj na drug mu nanesuva nepravda, sam }e si ja trga. He that hurts another hurts himself. He that mischief hatches, mischief catches. Koj na mladost ne u~it (ne se u~it), na starost }e se m'~it. (Kav. 1604). If you lie upon roses when young, you'll lie upon thorns when old.
An idle youth, a needy age.

Koj ne e za sebe, ne e ni za drugego. (Kav. 1612). He that is not for himself cannot be for the others. Koj ne e so Mene, toj e protiv Mene. He that is not with me is against me. (Matej 12, 30 / Matthew 12, 30; Luka 11, 23 / Luke 11, 23). Koj ne znae da gubi, ne zaslu`uva da dobie. He that cannot abide a bad market deserves not a good one. Koj ne znae da slu{a, ne mo`e da nareduva. He that cannot obey cannot command. He commands enough that obeys a wise man. No man can be a
good ruler unless he has first been ruled.

Koj ne ja vardit parata, ne }e vardit ni gro{. (Kav. 1615). Who will not keep a penny never shall have many. Take care of the pence, and the
pounds will take care of themselves.

Koj ne mo`e sebesi da se povela, ne mo`e da gi povela ni drugite. He is not fit to command others that cannot command himself.

 83 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

867. 868. 869. 870. 871. 872. 873. 874. 875. 876.

Koj ne prajl ku}a i svadba, ni{to ne znait od vekov. (Cep. V, str. 35). Building and marrying of children are great wasters. Building is a sweet
impoverishing.

Koj ne probal {to e gorko, ne znae {to e slatko. He deserves not the sweet that will not taste the sour. He knows best what good is that has endured evil.

Koj ne saka koga mo`e, koga }e saka ne }e mo`e. He that will not when he may, when he will he shall have nay. Koj ne se rodil, ne }e umrit; a koj se rodil, }e umrit. (MNU 3053). He that was not born, will not die. He that is once born, once must die.
All that lives must die. All men are mortal.

Koj ne stiska parata, ne }e ja dostiska i lirata. (MNU 3055). Who will not keep a penny, never shall have many. Take care of the pence, and the
pounds will take care of themselves.

Koj ne }e po~nit, ne }e svr{it. (MNU 3054). He who doesn't begin, never ends. Every beginning is hard. All beginnings are hard (difficult). It is the
first step that is difficult.

Koj nema kow, java na stap. Who hath no horse may ride on a staff. Koj nema pari ne mu treba }ese. He that has no money needs no purse. Koj nemat mera, nemat ni vera. (Kav. 1620). A man without moderation and restraint, is a man without faith. Koj nemat um, imat noye. (Kav. 1621). Koj nemat vo glata, imat vo noyete. (Kav. 1617). A forgetful head makes a weary pair of heels. Little
wit in the head makes much work for the feet. Who has not understanding, let him have legs.

877. 878. 879.

Koj ni{to ne pra{uva, ni{to ne nau~uva. He that nothing questions, nothing learns. Koj nogu zborua, ili nogu znae ili nogu la`e. (MNU 3057). Whoever talks too much, either knows a great deal, or just tells lies. Koj nosi dve lubenici pod edna mi{ka, on ostanua i bez edna. You can't carry two watermelons under the same arm. (This saying is used when
someone wants to achieve two aims at the same time and ends up achieving neither). If you run after two hares you will catch neither.

880. 881.

Koj odi bos, ne treba da sadi trwe. He that goes barefoot must not plant thorns. Koj odi po bumbar, na lajno }e go odnesit. (MNU 3070). Koj ojt po bumbar, }e go odnesit na lepe{ka. (Kav. 1639). Koj ojt po muva, }e go odnesit na lajno. (Kav. 1640). Whoever follows a beetle, will end up on cow dung. Whoever follows a fly, will end up on shit. He that takes the
raven for his guide will light on carrion.

882. 883.

Koj ojt popoleka, }e ftasat podaleku. (Kav. 1641). Who goes slowly goes far. He that goes softly goes safely. Soft pace goes far. Koj padnal v ezero (v reka, vo voda), od do`d ne se pla{it. (Kav.

 84 Bone Veli~kovski

884. 885. 886.

1643). Whoever has fallen in a lake, will not fear rain. Koj pejt, lo{o ne mislit. (Kav. 1644). Whoever sings from the heart, will not think evil. Koj pita, ne skita. (MNU 3078). Who asks, doesn't wander. Better to ask
the way than to go astray. Nothing is lost for asking.

Koj pluva sproti vetero, pluva na omjazo si. (MNU 3079). Koj pque na nagore, si pque na liceto. (MNU 3081). Koj pquvat naugore, (nemu) pqunkite mu padvet na liceto. (MNU 3080). Who spits against the wind, it falls in his face. Who spits against the heaven, it falls in his face. Evil that comes out of thy mouth flieth into thy bosom. Piss not against the
wind. Puff not against the wind. An arrow shot upright falls on the shooter's head.

887. 888. 889. 890. 891.

Koj poe}e znait, poe}e }e trgat. (MNU 3082). He that increaseth Knowledge increaseth sorrow. Koj prajt arno (dobro), ne }e se kajt (ne se kajt). (Kav. 1648). Whoever does good works, will have no regrets. One never loses by doing a
good turn.

Koj prs da prese~i{, se' }e te bolit. (MNU 3090). Whichever finger you cut, it will hurt. Koj raboti, }e zaraboti. Who works, will earn his living. A good bestir is
worth a groat.

Koj rano ranit, dve stre}i grabit. (Kav. 1654). Koj rano stanvit, vesel stanvit. (Kav. 1656). If you get up early you get two possibilities. The early riser is a merry riser. The early riser is a better organiser. Early to bed
and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise. The early bird catches the worm. The morning hour has gold in its mouth. The Muses love the morning.

892. 893. 894. 895. 896.

Koj rano ru~at i mlad se o`enit, ne }e se kajt. (Kav. 1655). He, who early eats and early marries, never repents. Koj saka da se nau~i da se krsti i moli, pratete go na more. He that would learn to pray, let him go to sea. Koj saka nogu, bez malku ostanua. (MNU 3092). All covet, all lose.
Grasp all, lose all. He that too much embraceth holds little.

897. 898. 899.

Koj saka rogove, i bez u{i ostanua. (MNU 3093). Whoever wants horns, will lose his ears. The camel going to seek horns, lost his ears. Koj sakat na starost da si po~init, na mladost trebit da se potit. (Kav. 1659). Work today, for you know not how much you may be hindered tomorrow. Koj sam se fali, sam se srami. He that praises himself spatters himself.
A man's praise in his own mouth stinks. Self-praise is no recommendation. Praise to the face is open disgrace.

Koj se bie {ega, {egata odit po nego. (MNU 3097). Don't mock, for it will come back to you. Koj se boe od vrapcite, ne see proso. (MNU 3098). Koj se pla{it od rap~iwa (~avki), ne sejt proso. (Kav. 1669). Forbear not sowing because of birds. He that forecasts all perils will never sail the sea. He that fore-

 85 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

casts all perils will win no worship. He that will sail without danger must never come upon the main sea. He that is afraid of wounds must not come nigh a battle. He that fears leaves, let him not go into the wood.

900. 901. 902.

Koj se luti, brgo }e ostarei. (MNU 3107). Whoever is quick to anger, will age rapidly. Koj se nadei na nade{, ne }e ima vade{. (MNU 3111). Hope often deludes the foolish man. Koj se poparil od mleko, duvat i na m'{tejnca. (Kav. 1670). Koj se poparil od vrelo mleko duva i vo ma{tenica. Who burned himself with hot milk, blow on the yogurt too. (Painful experiences make us very distrustful). A scalded cat fears cold water. A scalded dog fears cold water. A burnt child dreads the fire. He that has been bitten by a serpent is afraid of a rope. Whom a serpent has bitten, a lizard alarms. Once bitten twice shy.

903. 904. 905.

Koj se pravda, toj se optu`uva. (P.D. 1568). He who excuses himself, accuses himself. Koj se ro`xat i umirat. (Kav. 1673). Whoever was born, will die; whoever was not born, will not die. He that is once born, once must die. All that
lives must die. All men are mortal.

Koj se smejt najoyadi, najblago se smejt. (Kav. 1675). He laughs best who laughs last. He who laughs last, laughs longest. Better the last smile than the
first laughter. Laugh before breakfast, you'll cry before supper. He that laughs in the morning, weeps at night. If you sing before breakfast, you'll cry before night. He that sings on Friday, will weep on Sunday. Sorrow treads upon the heels of mirth. Sadness and gladness succeed each other. Let them laugh that win. He laughs who wins.

906. 907. 908. 909. 910. 911. 912. 913. 914. 915.

Koj se trudit, (toj) ne gubit. (MNU 3115). No pains, no gains. Koj se hrani so nade`, umira gladen. (P.D. 1573). Who lives by hope will die by hunger. He that lives in hope hath a slender diet. Koj se ~init ovca (ili jagne, nego) go izedvit volkot. (MNU 3118). He that makes himself a sheep shall be eaten by the wolf. Koj sede na dva stola, lesno pa|a. (MNU 3102). Between two stools one falls to the ground. Koj sedit pod kru{a, toj jadit kru{ite. (MNU 3104). Whoever sits under the pear tree, will eat the ripe pears. Koj sekade pquvat, cel svet go trujat. (Kav. 1667). Whoever spits everywhere, poisons the whole world. Koj si bie `enata, toj si bie snagata. (MNU 3120). Whoever beats his wife, beats his own body. Koj si ima vinata se pla{i i od senkata. He that has a guilty conscience fears his own shadow. A guilty conscience feels continual fear. A guilty
conscience needs no accuser. The thief does fear each bush an officer.

Koj si imat arna (uba) `ena, ne mu trebit raj. (Kav. 1563). The man who has a good wife does not need heaven. Koj si ja bara beqata }e si ja najde. He that seeks trouble, never misses. Harm watch, harm catch.

 86 Bone Veli~kovski

916.

Koj si nema pari v keseto, neka si ima med of ustata. (MNU 3129). He that has not money in his purse should have honey on his tongue.
He that has not silver in his purse should have silk on his tongue. He that has no honey in his pot, let him have it in his mouth.

917. 918.

919. 920. 921. 922. 923. 924. 925. 926. 927. 928. 929. 930. 931. 932. 933.

Koj sovet dava, ne go boli glava. The comforter's head never aches. Koj ti i izvade o~ite? - Brat mi. - Za toa tolku dlaboko. (MNU 3135). Koj ti iskopa o~ite? - Brat mi. - Zatoa tolku globoko ti i iskopal. (MNU 3136). Who gouged out your eyes? - My brother. - Ah! That explains why the wounds are so deep. Between two brothers two witness and a notary. Koj trait, raj }e nait. (MNU 3140). Patience is the path to paradise. Koj }e se nam'~it, }e se nau~it. (Kav. 1681). No pains, no gains. Nothing to be got without pains.

Koj ukradit jajce, }e ukradit i koko{ka. (Kav. 1688). He that will steal an egg will steal a chicken. He that will steal an egg will steal an ox. He
that will steal a pin will steal a better thing.

Koj fa}a smola, }e se izlepi. He that touches pitch shall be defiled. (Sirah 13, 1 / Ecclesiasticus 13, 1). He that has to do with what is foul never
comes away clean. He that measures oil shall anoint his fingers.

Koj frla kamene u kalta, on se oprskua. (MNU 3148). Whoever throws rocks in the mud, will be splashed. Koj ~eka, }e do~eka. All things come to those who wait. Everything comes
to him who waits.

Koj {tedi, ima. Spare well and have well. Koj {~o prajt, sebesi si prajt. (Kav. 1692). He that hurts another hurts himself. He that mischief hatches, mischief catches. Koj {~o sakat, to mu se slu{at. (Kav. 1693). We soon believe what we desire. Koj {~o }e re~it slu{aj, od svojot um ne deli se. (Kav. 1694). Believe nothing of what you hear, and only half of what you see. Koja koza (ovca) se delit od stadoto (buqukot), v'lci je jadet. (Kav. 1507). The lone sheep is in danger of the wolf. The lone man is in danger of the wolf.

Koja mi mesi kola~e, taja mi je tetka. (Nedeq. str. 185). Who makes me a cake is my aunt. Let every man praise the bridge he goes over. Koja nevesta ja mrzit da mesit leb, (taa) seedno se' bra{no seit. (MNU 2985). Idle people have the least leisure. A sluggard takes an hundred
steps because he would not take one in due time.

Koja ovca se delit od stadoto, (nea) ja izedvit volkot. (MNU 2986). The lone sheep is in danger of the wolf. Koja rabota se ostat za posle, nikoga{ ne se bitisvit. (Kav. 1509). Work left for tomorrow is never done. Never put off till tomorrow what
you can do today. Work today, for you know not how much you may be hindered tomorrow.

 87 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

934. 935. 936. 937.

Koja stomna poj}e p'ti ojt na voda, brgu se kr{it. (Kav. 1510). The water pitcher that goes most often to the well, is soonest broken. Koja stra~ka bez opa{ka, koja momi~ka bez mom~e. (Kav. 1511). Every magpie has its tail and every girl will find her boy. All meats to be eaten, and all maids to be wed. Every pot has its cover.

938. 939. 940. 941. 942. 943. 944. 945. 946. 947.

948. 949.

950.

Koj{to dava milostina, mnogu brgu osiroma{uva. (MNU 2923). He who gives alms, soon becomes poor. Koj{to dava na siromav milostina, pred Boga mu se nao|a. (MNU 3159). Whoever gives to the poor, will find mercy before God in the fullness of time. Koj{to ima pari, {to saka so niv raboti. (MNU 3172). He that has money has what he wants. Koj{to kradi igla, kradi i {to da mu padni. (MNU 3176). Whoever steals a needle, will steal anything. Koj{to kradi, ne }e se najadit. (MNU 3178). Whoever steals will never be satiated. Koj{to mnogu taksua, malku ispolnua. (MNU 3182). Whoever promises much, will deliver little. Koj{to na mladost istura, na staros }e strada. (MNU 3184). Blind waste in youth leads to suffering in old age. Koj{to ne et bor~lija, za bogat se slagat. (MNU 3185). Whoever is not in debt, should be considered rich. Koj{to ne znait da mol~it, ne znait i da zborua. (MNU 3186). Whoever does not know when to be silent, will not be a good speaker. Koj{to nema um, neka nema ni glava. (MNU 3187). He who has no brains, should not have a head. Koj{to odi na bawa, saka ne}i, }e se ispoti. (MNU 3190). Whoever has a Turkish bath, like it or not, will sweat. Koj{to pa|a v more, i za slamkata se va}a. (MNU 3192). Koj{to pa|a v more, i za zmijata se va}a. (MNU 3191). A drowning man will clutch at a straw. Whoever falls in the sea, will even grab hold of a snake. Koj{to raboti ~esno, }e `iveit polesno. (MNU 3195). An honest worker lives well. Koj{to razbira od eden zbor razbirat, a koj ne razbirat i iljada da mu veli{, pak ne }e te razberit. (MNU 3196). Whoever understands, will grasp it with a single word; whoever doesn't, will be in the dark after a thousand repetitions. Koj{to rano se obua, toj ne gre{ava. (MNU 3198). Koj{to rano stanua, poarno ugodua. (MNU 3199). Koj{to rano stanua, toj ne gre{ava. (MNU 3200). Koj{to rano se obua, toj ne gre{ava. (MNU 3198). The early riser is a better organiser. Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise. The morning hour has gold in its

 88 Bone Veli~kovski

mouth. The Muses love the morning.

951. 952. 953. 954. 955. 956. 957. 958.

Koj{to saka da si po~init na staros, neka se poma~it na mlados. (MNU 3201). Whoever wants to rest in old age must work in youth. Eident
(diligent) youth makes easy age.

Koj{to sam pa|at, ne trebit da pla~it. (MNU 3202). Whoever falls through his own fault, should not complain. Koj{to sam pa|at, ne trebit drug da go turkat. (MNU 3203). Whoever falls of his own accord, does not need anyone to push him. Koj{to se va}a na tanec, treba da go igrat. (MNU 3206). Whoever joins the dance, should continue till it finishes. Koj{to si pastri ustata, toj si pastri du{ata. (MNU 3208). Whoever watches his tongue, looks after his soul. The more silent you keep,
the better you will speak.

959. 960.

961. 962. 963. 964. 965. 966. 967. 968.

Koj{to }e ispletka koncite, ma~no }e mu go, najdi krajo. (MNU 3210). Whoever tangles up the threads, will have trouble finding their ends. Koj{to umira edna{, ne umira dva{. (MNU 3211). Whoever dies once, will not die twice. Koj{to ~ini, sebe ~ini; koj{to dava, sebe davat. (MNU 3213). Whoever is worthy, is worthy in their own right; whoever gives graciously, gives for its own sake. Koj{~o nose tovarot, toj mu znae te`inata. (MNU 3215). Whoever carries the burden, knows its weight. Koko{kana edno jajce }e snosit, cel svet }e je razberit, a p~elata nikoj ne je zn'jt {~o prajt. (Kav. 1696). The hen lays an egg, and let's the whole world know; the bee makes honey without anyone knowing. Kolku glavi (lu|e), tolku umovi. So many heads, so many minds. So
many men, so many opinions. Many men have many minds.

Kolku jazici znae{, tolku lu|e vredi{. As many languages you know as many persons you are worth. With every language you learn you enrich
your personality and you are better able to understand different points of view.

Kolku poe}e imat skr`aiot, tolku poe}e stiskat. (MNU 3240). The more he has, the more grasping the miser becomes. Kolku postar pr~ot, tolku pojak rogot. (Kav. 1709). The older the billy goat, the harder the horn. Kolku prav na tapan air da ima{. (MNU 3241). May you see as much good as there is dust on a beating drum. Kolku si poumen, tolku si poaren. (MNU 3244). The more intelligent you are, the more moral you will be. Kolku stareit, (tolku) i magareit. (MNU 3245). The head gray, and no brains yet. No fool to the old fool. Kolku ti e pokrovot, tolku pu{~i si 'i nozete. (MNU 3246). Kolku ti e rogo`ata, tol'ku pru`i 'i nogite. (GK, II, str. 181). Stretch your legs according to your coverlet. Everyone stretches his legs ac-

 89 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

cording to the length of his coverlet. Stretch your arm no further than your sleeve will reach. Cut your coat according to your cloth.

969. 970. 971. 972.

Kolni kako vladika. (MNU 3254). He curses like a bishop. Komu srceto e veselo, na gozbi e postojano. A contented mind is a continual feast. (Poslovici 15, 15 / Proverbs 15, 15). Content is happiness. Kom{ijata e poj}e od brat. (Kav. 1722). The neighbour is more than a brother. Kom{iskata koko{ka se gqat kako guska. (Kav. 1725). Our neighbour's hen looks like a goose. All his geese are swans. Our neighbour's cow
yields more milk than ours. Our neighbour's ground yields better corn than ours. The grass is always greener on the other side of the fence.

973. 974. 975. 976. 977. 978. 979. 980. 981. 982. 983. 984. 985. 986. 987.

Kow bez uzda si odi kaj saka. (MNU 3267). An unbridled horse goes anywhere it likes. Kow se falit po eden mesec, a ~vek po edna godina. (Kav. 1734). Praise a horse after a month; wait a year before you praise a man. Kopaj, sadi, (a) drugi jadi. (MNU 3280). You dig and you sow, and someone else eats the produce. Kosata mu obele, i umot ne mu dojde. (MNU 3284). The head gray, and no brains yet. No fool to the old fool. Kravata }e dade mleko, }e ritne da go isture. (MNU 3290). The cow gives a good pail of milk and then kicks it over. Kradenata voda e slatka. Stolen waters are sweet. (Poslovici 9, 17 / Proverbs 9, 17). Kradenoto grozje e poslatko. Stolen grapes are sweeter. Stolen pleasures
are sweet. The apples on the other side of the wall are the sweetest. Forbidden fruit is sweet. Krajot deloto go krasi. (B.D.). The end crowns the work. The end tries all. The evening crowns the day. Krvta voda ne biduva. (P.D. 1619). Blood is not water. Blood is thicker than water.

Krivi so nogata, oti go boli zabot. (MNU 3298). He limps because he has a toothache. Krivio (gre{niot) ~oek i od senkata se boit. (MNU 3297). The guilty man is troubled by his own shadow. Krotkite }e ja nasledat zemjata. The meek will inherit the earth. (Matej 5, 5 / Matthew 5, 5). Krpen bidi so ali{tata, ama ne bidi bor~lija vo ~ar{ijata. (MNU 3318). Have patches on your clothes, but don't have debts. Krsti se i plukni si v pazua, koga da vidi{ pijanica. (MNU 3323). Cross yourself whenever you see a drunkard. Kru{a pod kru{a padinat. (MNU 3324). Kru{ata pa|a pod kru{ata. (MNU 3325). Kru{ata si pa|a pod koreno. (MNU 3326). The pear falls under the pear tree. The apple never falls far from the tree. An

 90 Bone Veli~kovski

apple never falls far from the tree. Like father, like son. Like mother, like daughter.

988. 989. 990. 991. 992. 993.

Krckat (~krtat) kako kolce (oska) bez katran. (Kav. 1777). It creaks like a wheel of a cart without grease. The worst wheel of a cart creaks
most. The worst wheel of a cart makes most noise.

Kupi si prvo kom{ija, (ta) setne ku}a. (MNU 3340). First buy a neighbour, then buy a house. You must ask your neighbour if you shall live in
peace.

Ku}a bez `ena - vodenica bez voda. (P.D. 1631). A man without a wife is like mill without water. A man without a wife is but half a man. It is not good
that the man should be alone.

Ku}ata mu gorit, a toj pesni si peit. (MNU 3354). His house is in fire, but he continues to sing songs. Ku~e {~o lajt, ne k'sat. (Kav. 1804). A barking dog never bites. Barking
dogs seldom bite. His bark is worse than his bite. Great barkers are no biters. Brag's a good dog, but dares not bite.

Ku~iwata laet, karvanot si vrvit. (Kav. 1806). Dogs bark, but the caravan goes on. The moon does not heed the barking of dogs. L

994. 995. 996. 997. 998. 999.

Lavovski del. The lion's share. Lagata kusa ja ima nogata. (MNU 3404). The lie has short legs. Lies
have short legs.

1000. 1001. 1002. 1003.

1004. 1005.

Lagata poarno ja veruaat odo{to vistinata. (MNU 3406). Falsehood is more readily believed than truth. La` i skr`av vedna{ se pogoduvaat vo pazaro. (MNU 3420). The liar and the miser readily come to an agreement in the market place. La`goto ima dobro pamtewe. (P.D. 1649). A liar has a good memory. La`liv pop seedno da ka`uat za boga, nikoj ne go veruat. (MNU 3423). Even if he were to talk of nothing but God, the false priest will not be believed by anyone. La`ot i sam sebe se la`it. (MNU 3426). The liar deceives himself as well. Leb i voda e najarna hrana. (MNU 3448). Bread and water is the best food. Legnal na kolk kako beg. (MNU 3458). He loafed around like a Turkish lord. Le`it mrzlivion na ple}i i ~ekat ne{to od boga da mu padnit. (MNU 3467). The lazybones lies on his back waiting for something to fall in his lap from heaven. Lekare, izle~i se sam! Physician, heal thyself! (Luka 4, 23 / Luke 4, 23). Lenosta e majka na site lo{oti. (Kav. 1834). Idleness is the mother of all vice. Idleness is the root (mother) of all evil. By doing nothing we learn to do ill.

 91 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1006. 1007.

Lesno e da bidi{ aren so ~u`xo arno (so ~u`xo azno, imawe). (Kav. 1840). It is easy to give generously from someone else's bag. Lesno e da se zborvit, ama te{ko e da se rabotat. (Kav. 1841). Lesno e da zborvi{, ama te{ko e da stori{ (da napraj{). (Kav. 1842). Great braggers, little doers. The greatest talkers are the least doers. They
brag most that can do least. Much bruit and little fruit. Great boast and little roast. Much cry and little wool. A long tongue is a sign of a short hand.

1008. 1009. 1010. 1011. 1012. 1013.

Lete koj sedi pod senka, zime pod strea. (MNU 3487). Whoever lies in the shade in summer, will lie under the eaves in winter. Letoska gospodar, zimoska sluga. (MNU 3499). A master in summer, a servant in winter. Lisicata i axiica da bidi, pak koko{ki }e jadit. (MNU 3509). Even if the fox were to take religious vows, don't trust it with the chickens. Lisicata se vatila v stapica, i pak vo koko{kite gledat. (MNU 3510). Caught in a trap, the fox still looked longingly at the chickens. Lisjeto na drvjata mu set du{ata. (MNU 3511). The leaves of the tree are its soul. Liceto go poka`ua srceto. (MNU 3514). The face shows the quality of the heart. The face is the index of the mind. What the heart thinks, the tongue
speaks. He wears his heart upon his sleeve. His heart is in his mouth. Out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh.

1014. 1015. 1016. 1017.

1018. 1019. 1020. 1021. 1022. 1023. 1024.

Liceto go prodaa devoj~eto. (MNU 3515). Beauty carries its dower in its face. Li~nata moma so li~otata se prodaa. (MNU 3519). Beauty carries its dower in its face. A fair face is half a portion. Lo{a e taa ptica {to se pogani vo svoeto gnezdo. It is an ill/sorry bird that fouls its own nest. Lo{ata pqaga (rana) zazdravjat, ama lo{jot zbor ne se zaborat. (Kav. 1869). A serious wound can be healed, but an ill word can never be forgotten. He that has an ill name is half hanged. Lo{io ~oek zmija ne go jadit. (MNU 3536). Not even a snake will bite the evil man. Lo{ite (strogite) zakoni ne traat dolgo. Wrong laws make short governance. Lo{ite vesti patuvaat brgu. Bad news travels fast. Lo{oto donesua u{te polo{o. (MNU 3549). The bad brings worse.
Of one ill come many. Disgraces are like cherries, one draws another. One misfortune comes on the neck of another. Misfortunes never come singly.

Lo{oto lesno idet (dojdvit), ama lesno ne si ojt, (ama m'~no si ojt.). (Kav. 1878). An ill turn is soon done. Lo{oto poe}e ~oek go pametua odo{to dobroto. (MNU 3550). Evil is more easily remembered than good. Lud g... presna rana. (MNU 3553). Luda koza, presna rana. The pea-

 92 Bone Veli~kovski

1025. 1026. 1027. 1028. 1029. 1030. 1031. 1032. 1033. 1034. 1035. 1036. 1037.

cock hath fair feathers, but foul feet. Lu|eto lesno veruvaat vo toa {to go sakaat. (P.D. 1703). We soon believe what we desire. Lu|eto set vrzani so al'{-vere{, kako alkite od sinxiro. (MNU 3558). Like the links of a chain, buying and selling bind everyone together. Lu|eto set kako trevata. (Mnozina {to bile bogati osiroma{ele, i mnozina siromasi se obogatile.). (MNU 3559). People are like the grass.
(Many rich people had become poor and many poor people had become rich).

Lut kako diva sviwa. (MNU 3574). Angry as a wild boar. Lut kako yver. (MNU 3575). Angry as a monster. Lut ~oek prijatel ne dr`it. (MNU 3578). The wrathful man has no friends. Lutinata e |aolcka. (MNU 3563). Anger leads to hell. Lutinata e na |aola molitva. (MNU 3564). Anger is a prayer to the Devil. Lutinata e ogon od ve~nata maka. (MNU 3565). Anger is the fire from hell. Lutinata et polojna ulav{tina. (MNU 3566). Anger is half madness.
Anger is the halfway house to madness.

Lutinata mnogu pakos storila. (MNU 3568). Anger brings destruction. Lutio ~oek sam sebe se jadit. (MNU 3571). The angry man is selfdestructive. The angry man eats himself. He that is angry is seldom at ease. Luto ako jadi{, ama blago da zboruva{. (MNU 3577). Eat hot and spicy food, but speak sweetly. Q

1038.

1039.

1040. 1041. 1042. 1043.

Qubeznite zborovi se kako med. (P.D. 1718). Kind words go a long way. A man's hat in his hand, never did him any harm. Lip-Honour costs little, yet may bring in much. Qubi go tvojot bli`en kako sebesi. Love thy neighbour as thyself. (Levit 19, 18 / Leviticus 19, 18; Matej 19, 19; 22, 39 / Matthew 19, 19; 22, 39; Marko 12, 31, 33 / Mark 12, 31, 33; Rimjani 13, 9 / Romans 13, 9; Galatjani 5, 14 / Galatians 5, 14). Qubov i ka{lica ne se krijet (ne mo`et da se skrijet). (Kav. 1882). Love and a cough cannot be hid. Qubovta gi pokriva site pogre{ki. Love covers many infirmities. (Poslovici 10, 12 / Proverbs 10, 12). Love covers many faults. Qubovta e p'lna so med i so pelin. (Kav. 1883). Love is full of honey as well as bitter weeds. Qubovta e po~etok na dobroto i zloto. (P.D. 1730). Love is sweet in the beginning but sour in the ending.

 93 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1044. 1045. 1046. 1047. 1048. 1049. 1050. 1051. 1052.

Qubovta e rabota za tie {to se bez rabota. (P.D. 1731). Love is the fruit of idleness. Qubovta e silna kako smrtta. Love is strong as death. (Pesna nad pesnite 8, 6 / Song of Solomon 8, 6). Qubovta e slepa. Love is blind. Qubovta e ubava, no e slepa. (MNP 2070). Love is blind. Affection blinds reason. Qubovta i ka{licata ne se krijat. (MNP 2071). Love and a cough cannot be hid. Qubovta pobeduva se'. (P.D. 1740). Love will find a way. Qubovta ubajna ne gqat. (Kav. 1884). Love is blind. Qubomorata e cvrsta kako grob. Jealousy is cruel as the grave. (Pesna nad pesnite 8, 6 / Song of Solomon 8, 6). Qu{~enkata ne padinat mnogu daleku od penot. (Kav. 1889). A chip off the old block. M

1053. 1054.

Magare vjaaj, kow fali. (MNU 3584). Ride on an ass and praise the horse. Better ride on an ass that carries me than a horse that throws me. Magare vjaaj, magare baraj. (Go bara{ ona {to ti e pred o~ite, a ne mo`e{ da go sogleda{ i da go vidi{.) (MNU 3585). You look for the ass you ride on. You look for the horse you ride on. You are like the man that sought
his mare, and he riding on her. The butcher looked for his knife and it was in his mouth. Magare i (voena) muzika! (B.D.). An ass and a military band! A sow to a fiddle. Did you ever hear an ass play on a harp?

1055. 1056.

1057. 1058. 1059.

Magare i na axilak da ojt, pak magare }e si ostanit, (}e si bidit). (Kav. 1896). Even if the ass goes on a holy pilgrimage, it will still be an ass. An ass stays but an ass, though returned from pilgrimage. Magare od prekor ne umira. (MNU 3586). Calling a donkey names will not kill it. Magare od {ega ne umira (ne cojsvit). (Kav. 1893). An ass does not die from being laughed at. Magare pojde, i magare si dojde. (Cep. 4565). If an ass goes atravelling, he'll not come home a horse. Never went out ass and came home
horse. He that sends a fool expects one. Send a fool to the market (far, to France) and a fool he will return again. How much the fool who goes to Rome excels the fool who stays at home.

1060.

1061.

Magareto ne go vikaat na svadba za nunko, ami za da nosi voda i drvo toareno. (MNU 3589). The donkey is not invited to the wedding to be godfather, but rather to fetch and carry. Magareto si e magare, makar i zlato da nosi. (S.M.). An ass is but

 94 Bone Veli~kovski

an ass, though laden with gold. An ape's an ape, a varlet's a varlet, though they be
clad in silk or scarlet.

1062.

Magareto so rikawe mu se ~init, oti vekot }e go upla{it. (MNU 3590). The donkey hopes to frighten the world with its braying. The braying
of an ass does not reach heaven. The prayers of the wicked won't prevail. The moon does not heed the barking of dogs.

1063. 1064. 1065. 1066. 1067. 1068. 1069. 1070. 1071. 1072. 1073. 1074. 1075. 1076. 1077. 1078. 1079.

Ma`i za jadewe, deca za rabotewe. Men to eat and children to work.

He has two stomachs to eat and one to work.

Ma`ite koi se umni, si 'i ~estat `enite. (MNU 3596). Intelligent men honour their wives. Ma`ot e glava na `enata. The husband is the head of the wife. (Efesjani 5, 23 / Ephesians 5, 23; I Korintjani 11, 3 / I Corinthians 11, 3). Majska rosa sekoja kapka i florin. (Kav. 1901). Every drop of dew in May is worth a golden coin. Majski do`xoj pla{~et borxoj. (Kav. 1902). The rains of May, pay the debts. April rains for men; May, for beasts. April rains for corn; May, for grass.
A dry March, wet April and cool May, fill barn and cellar and bring much hay.

Makata e za ~oeka, da duri do veka. (MNU 3627). Suffering lasts a lifetime. Mala ve~eri~ka - dolga `ivea~ka. (P.D. 1777). To lengthen your life, lessen your meals. Malite prikazni golem um davaat. (MNU 3634). Small tales give great wisdom. Malku, ama dobro. The mean is the best. The middle way of measure is ever
golden.

Mal~eweto e zlato. (Kav. 1915). Silence is golden. Quietness is a great

treasure. Speech is silver, but silence is golden.

1080. 1081.

Manxa {to ne jadi{, {to se gri`i{ ak' izgore. (MNU 3650). Scald not your lips in another man's pottage. Ma~ka so yvonec ne va}a glu{ec. (MNU 3669). A cat with a bell around its neck, will not catch mice. A cat in gloves catches no mice. Ma~kata ima devet du{i. (MNU 3671). A cat has nine lives. Meanata et stapica za pijanicata. (MNU 3677). The pub is a trap for the drunkard. Medenata usta `elezni vra}e otvorat. (Kav. 1930). A soft word opens iron gates. Good words cost naught. Kind words go a long way. Me|u ~ekan i nakovalno. Between the hammer and the anvil. Me|u ~u`xi qu|e ko da si (ko da se no`xa{), trebit da ima{ z'ja~ki u{i i sokoloj o~i. (Kav. 1935). Among strangers, you need the ears of a rabbit and the eyes of a falcon. Mekiot jazik kr{i i koski. Tongue breaks bone and itself has none. (Poslovici 25, 15 / Proverbs 25, 15). Mekite posteli ne set za siromasi. (MNU 3692). Soft and comfortable beds are not for the poor.

 95 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1082. 1083. 1084. 1085. 1086. 1087.

1088. 1089.

1090.

Mene daj mi kopano, da ti jadi go orizo. (MNU 3699). Give me the chicken drumstick, you eat the rice. Mene do srce me dobole, toj mi veli: {to vika{ olele. (MNU 3700). It cut me to the heart, yet he asked, "Why do you cry out?" Mene laga, tebe vistina. (MNU 3702). What's false for me is true for you. Mene mi e `al, da znam {to da mu praam na pijaniot. (MNU 3703). If it weren't for pity's sake, I'd certainly know what to do with the drunkard. Mene mi idit da puknam od maka, toj se smeit. (MNU 3706). I'm close to bursting with anguish, whereas he just laughs at me. Mene mi se zapalile ga}ite, toj veli: stoj da si zapalam cigarata. (MNU 3707). My pants were on fire, but all he said was: "Stand still so I can light my cigarette"! Me~ka so mravi ne se najadvit. (Kav. 1951). A bear will not be fully fed on ants alone. Me~kata {to igrat u kom{iite, }e dojt da poigrat i doma ti. (MNU 3731). A bear that dances in your neighbour's house will come to yours too. Look to thyself when thy neighbour's house is on fire. Mi`i da te la`am. (Nemoj da razbira{ deka jas te la`am, tuku veruvaj
mi {to ti velam, ako i da te la`am. Se upotrebuva za lu|e {to la`at drugi taka otvoreno, ta lagite im se poznavaat, no pri seto toa pak pretendiraat da im veruva{ deka govorat vistina.). (MNU 3736). Just close

1091. 1092. 1093. 1094. 1095. 1096. 1097. 1098. 1099. 1100. 1101. 1102.

your eyes that I can put one over you. Milosrdieto pokriva mnogu grevovi. Charity covers a multitude of sins. (I Petar 4, 8 / I Peter 4, 8). Milosrdieto po~nuva od doma. Charity begins at home. Love your friend,
but look to yourself. Every man is nearest himself.

Mirisa pijaniot kako rasol vo mart. (MNU 3747). The drunkard stinks like rotten cabbage. Mladost(a) te~it kako reka, ama ne e za dva veka. (MNU 3763). Youth will have its course. Mladosta da ti ja imam, srceto da ti go nemam. (Kav. 1972). If the young man would and the old man could, there would be nothing undone. Mladosta ne e doveka. (Kav. 1973). Youth will have its course. Mnogu arno ne e arno. More than enough is too much. You can have too
much of a good thing. Too much breaks the bag. Covetousness breaks the bag.

Mnogu babi (koga babat), kilavo dete izva`dat. (MNU 3766). Too many midwives make deliver a hernial child. Too many cooks spoil the broth. Mnogu vreva za ni{to. Much ado about nothing. Mnogu dadeno, od imawe, a ne od srce. (Kav. 1976). A lot was given from having too much rather than from the heart. Mnogu zakon, malku pravda. Much law, little justice. Mnogu znai{, (ta i) mnogu }e trga{. (MNU 3772). You know a lot,

 96 Bone Veli~kovski

1103. 1104. 1105. 1106. 1107.

so you'll have to put up with a lot. Mnogu kosa, malku pamet. Bush natural; more hair than wit. Mnogu lo{o pominuva koj em~i za drug. He that is surety for a stranger shall smart for it. (Poslovici 11, 15 / Proverbs 11, 15). Mnogu pominalo, malu ostanalo. (MNU 3778). Much has passed, little has remained. Mnogu p'ti i najarniot pliva~ se davit. (Kav. 1983). Seldom the best swimmer can drown. He came safe from the East Indies, and was drowned in
the Thames.

Mnogu race blaosoeni, a mnogu usti aforesani (prokleti). (MNU 3782). Mnogu r'ce blaosoeni, mnogu usti k'lnati. (Kav. 1986). Many hands are blessed, and many mouths are damned. Many hands make
light work.

1108.

1109. 1110.

Mnogupati odit stomnata na voda zdrava, ama edna{ den }e se okr{it. (MNU 3777). The pitcher goes so often to the well that it is broken at last. Mnozina znajat za pari da vadat, a malcina znaat da i' dr`at. (MNU 3787). Keeping is harder than winning. Mnozina imam prijateli, ama poe}e mi se ~a{a-dosti. (MNU 3788). I have many friends, but most of them are not but drinking partners.
Rich folk have many friends. The rich hath many friends. He that has a full purse never wanted a friend. Everyone is akin to the rich man.

1111.

1112. 1113. 1114. 1115. 1116. 1117. 1118. 1119. 1120.

Mnozina lu|e si mijat racete, za da ru~aat so vladikata, a malcina }e sednat na negoata trpeza. (MNU 3791). Many wash their hands in preparation for lunch with the bishop, but few actually get to sit at the table with him. Many are called, but few are chosen. Mnozina lu|e umrele i se zaboraile. (MNU 3792). Many people have died and are forgotten. Mnozina odat na tu|ina, ama malcina pari dobivaat. (MNU 3793). Many go to foreign lands, but few gain wealth. Mnozina padnale od me~, no ne tolku kako od jazikot. Words cut more than swords. (Sirah 28, 19 / Ecclesiasticus 28, 18). Tongue breaks
bone and herself has none.

Mnozina sakaat da umrat, za od maka da kurtulisaat. (MNU 3794). Many want to die to be free from suffering. Mnozina se povikani, a malkumina izbrani. Many are called, but few are chosen. (Matej 20, 16; 22, 14 / Matthew 20, 16; 22, 14). Mnozina se pri~estuvaat, bez da se pokaat. (MNU 3796). Many take holy communion without being penitent. Mnozina se rodile lu|e i magariwa umrele. (MNU 3797). Many are born as men, but die as asses. Mnozina filozofi pasat goveda. (MNU 3800). Many philosophers are common herdsmen. Mnozina carei i kralei umrele, a Gospod si `iveit. (MNU 3801).

 97 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1121.

1122. 1123. 1124. 1125. 1126. 1127. 1128. 1129. 1130. 1131. 1132. 1133. 1134. 1135.

Many kings and emperors have died, but God abides forever. Moli se ponekoga{ i na |aolo kako na angelo, za da ne ti naprai lo{o. (MNU 3810). Offer a prayer to the Devil occasionally, so that he won't harm you. Mol~eweto e zlato. Silence is golden. Quietness is a great treasure. Quietness is best.

Mol~eweto zna~i odobruvawe. Silence means consent. Silence gives

consent.

Mol~i, ne zbori lo{o, da ne si potkasa{ jazikot. (MNU 3815). Speak no evil in case you have to bite your tongue. Mrava so me~ka ne mo`it da se borit. (MNU 3833). An ant cannot fight a bear. Mrzata e krasta. (MNU 3838). Laziness is a scabby disease. Mrzata si ja nosit siroma{tijata po sebe. (MNU 3839). Idleness is the key of poverty. Sloth is the key to poverty. The slothful man is the beggar's
brother.

Mrzelivosta e po~etok na site lo{otii. (P.D. 1884). Idleness is the beginning of all vice. Idleness is the mother of all vice. Idleness is the root (mother) of all evil. By doing nothing we learn to do ill.

1136. 1137.

Mrzelivosta u~i na mnogu lo{otii. Idleness is the mother of all vice. (Sirah 33, 27 / Ecclesiasticus 33, 27). Mrzlivio sekoa{ pra{aj go, da ka`it kolku e saatot. (MNU 3850). Always ask the loafer the time of day. Mrzliviot e brat na pita~ot. The slothful man is the beggar's brother. Mrzlivosta go jade ~ovekot kako 'r|ata `elezoto. Sloth, like rust, consumes faster than labour wears. Mrzlivosta e klu~ot za siroma{tijata. Idleness is the key of poverty. Sloth is the key to poverty. Mrtvi i `ivi mu iskara i pak ne se strami. (MNU 3858). He abused the man's living and dead, yet still feels no shame. Mrtvite da stanat od grobot i pak ne mo`at da go kandisaat inat~ijata. (MNU 3859). Even if the dead were to come to life, they could not get the die-hard to change his mind. Mrtvite so mrtvi, `ivite so `ivi. We must live by the living, not by the dead. We must live by the quick, not by the dead. Let the dead bury the dead
and the living lead a gay life. Let the dead bury their dead.

1138. 1139.

Mu dojde pametta na rastura~ot, ama od koga ja izede stokata. (MNU 3883). The good-for-nothing did come to his senses, but only after he had wasted everything. Mu dojde umot, ama mu pojde kumot. (MNU 3884). He came to his reasons, but his godfather had left. When a thing is done, advice comes too late. Mu plukaa vo liceto i pak ne se strami lo{io. (MNU 3900). People spit in his face, but the bad man is still dead to all shame.

 98 Bone Veli~kovski

1140. 1141.

Mu se ~ine na decata, oti se' {to letat se jadit. (MNU 3920). Small children believe that everything which flies is edible. Mu se ~ini deka pe~eni koko{ki (fazani) pa|aat od neboto. He thinks that roasted chickens fall from the sky. He thinks that roasted larks will
fall into his mouth. To think that larks will fall into one's mouth ready roasted. You may gape long enough ere a bird fall in your mouth. If the sky falls we shall catch larks.

1142.

1143.

1144.

Mu turi sin mu na ogni{teto voda i go ostai siromav do veka. (MNU 3930). The son poured water on the hearth, and left his father a pauper. Muata se vrzua so edno vlakno paja`inoo, a biolo so debela ortoma. (MNU 3868). A fly can be tied with a strand of the spider's web, but for a bull, you need a thick rope. Mudrite se u~at na tu|ite gre{ki; ludite na svoite. Wise men learn by other men's harms; fools, by their own. It is good to beware by other
men's harms. It is good to learn at other men's cost. He is happy whom other men's perils make wary. Learn wisdom by the follies of others.

N 1145. 1146. 1147. 1148. 1149. 1150. 1151. 1152. Na aramjata sekoj mu e bor~lija. (Kav. 2080). Everybody is in debt to the thief. Na ari`an kon zabite ne se gledat. (MNU 3939). Look not a gift (given) horse in the mouth. Never look a gift horse in the mouth. No man ought
to look a gift horse in the mouth.

Na arnata `ena ime mu vadat. (MNU 3941). They're the sort of people who would give a bad name even to a perfectly good woman. Na begliska ~e{ma voda nema. (MNU 3945). There is no water at the master's fountain. He that eats the Kings goose, shall be chocked with the feathers.

1153. 1154. 1155.

Na bel kow i na ubava `ena nikoj ne mo`e da im ugodi. He that has a white horse and a fair wife never wants trouble. Na bogatiot zer v grob }e mu ja klaat stokata. (MNU 3950). Will the rich man really take his possessions with him to the grave? Na bogatiot i kamewata mu pomagaet. (MNU 3951). Even the very stones of the earth help the rich man. Na budalata ne trebit da mu obesi{ yvonec, i bez yvonec se poznat. (Kav. 2090). There is no need to put a bell around the neck of the fool, as it is obvious who it is. Na vla`na zemja do`d ne je trebit. (Kav. 2099). The moist earth does not need rain. Na gladniot i piperot mu e med. (Kav. 2107). To the hungry person, hot pepper is like honey. Na gluvcite mu e maka, dur eden da napravi dupka, da site posle

 99 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1156. 1157.

1158. 1159. 1160. 1161. 1162. 1163. 1164. 1165. 1166. 1167.

niz nea }e se proviraat. (MNU 3969). Times are tough for mice until one of them breaks through the wall; after that they can all get through. Na gnila {tica ne gazi. (MNU 3971). Don't step on rotten floorboards. Na Gospod mu pozajmuva koj e milostiv kon bedniot. He that hath pity upon the poor lendeth unto the Lord. (Poslovici 19, 17 / Proverbs 19, 17). Na gre{kite se u~ime za da ne gi povtorime. (P.D. 1947). By ignorance we mistake, and by mistakes we learn. Na gre{kite se u~ime. He that doth amiss may do well. Na dve vra}e ku~eto od gladost umirat, (cojsvit). (Kav. 2119). No man can serve two masters. Na docna dojdenite - koskite. He that comes last to the pot is soonest wroth. Na drvoto {to ra|a lu|eto frlaat kamewa. It is only at the tree loaded with fruit that people throw stones. Na |aolo udri mu ~ado od temjano. (MNU 4001). Give the Devil heaps of incense smoke. Na ednaga da si izme}ar poarno et, o{to na siot grad. (MNU 4003). No man can serve two masters. You cannot serve God and Mammon. Na edni lu|e i petlite mu nosat jajca. (MNU 4005). Some people are such braggarts that they''ll tell you their roosters lay eggs. Whom GOD loves,
his bitch brings forth pigs. Good things come to some when they are asleep.

1168.

Na `iv v'lk ne mu se merit opa{ka. (Kav. 2134). You cannot measure the tail of a living wolf. Na zdravite ne im treba lekar, tuku na bolnite! They that be whole need not a physician, but they that are sick. (Matej 9, 12 / Matthew 9, 12; Marko 2, 17 / Mark 2, 17; Luka 5, 31 / Luke 5, 31). Na kom{ijata koko{kata po dve (ili pogolemi) jajca mu nosit. (MNU 4030). The neighbour's hen lays bigger eggs. All his geese are swans.
Our neighbour's ground yields better corn than ours has. The grass is always greener on the other side of the fence. Our neighbour's cow yields more milk than ours do. Na kukov den. Na kukovo leto. At latter Lammas. (To put off forever). Na lagata i' se kusi nozete. The lie has short legs. Lies have short legs.

1169. 1170. 1171. 1172.

Na lancko ogni{te ogon ne baraj. (MNU 4037). Don't look for fire in last year's hearth. There are no birds of this year in last year's nests. Na lice svetec, na srce v'lk. (Kav. 2161). In the face a saint and in the heart he is a wolf. His face is that of a saint, but he has a wolf's heart. Beads about
the neck and the devil in the heart. The beads in the hand and the devil in capuche. The cross on his breast and the devil in his heart.

1173.

Na lo{ sin stoka ne mu treba da mu ostaa{, oti }e ja izeit, i na aren ne mu treba, oti sam }e si spe~alit. (MNU 4042). Don't leave property to a bad son as he will waste it; is not necessary for the good son as he will acquire it through his own efforts.

 100 Bone Veli~kovski

1174.

1175. 1176. 1177. 1178.

1179. 1180. 1181. 1182.

Na lo{io dobrina koj prait, na |aolo kandilo mu prait. (MNU 4041). Whoever does a wicked man a favour, is lighting a candle to the Devil. Na luta, rana lut lek. (P.D. 1982). Desperate diseases must have desperate remedies. Desperate cuts must have desperate remedies. Na magare sedlo ne prilega. (MNU 4044). A saddle doesn't suit an ass. Na makata ~oek i na peso brate mu velit. (MNU 4050). During hard times, a man will even call a dog "brother". Na mudrite ustata im e vo srceto, a na ludite srceto im e vo ustata. Wise men have their mouth in their heart, fools their heart in their mouth. (Sirah 21, 28 / Ecclesiasticus 21, 26). Na neroden Petko kapa mu skroile. They sewed a hat to Peter who is not born yet. (One never knows what is yet to happen.). Don't count your chicken
until they're hatched.

Na pametniot i eden zbor mu e dosta. A word to a wise man is enough.

Half a word is enough for a wise man. Few words to the wise suffice.

1183. 1184. 1185.

1186. 1187. 1188. 1189. 1190.

Na parata site vrati i' se otvoreni. Money opens all doors. Na pes koga }e mu dojdit umira~kata, na crkovna vrata }e se izmo~it. (MNU 4068). A dying dog will even piss on the threshold of a church. Na pijanjot ezerono (moreto) mu e do kolena. (Kav. 2187). The drunkard thinks the sea is knee-deep. Na poklowen kow zubi ne se gledaat. (Nedeq. str. 188). Never look a gift horse in the mouth. Na pop i na kalu|er ne taksuj, oti ako ne mu go dade{, }e si go zemit. (MNU 4071). Don't waste your breath promising anything to a priest or a monk, because they'll just take it anyway. Na popo mu e okoto vo vinoto. (MNU 4072). The priest has a keen eye for the wine. Na prazna plemwa pokrov ne i' trebe. (MNU 4076). The empty barn does not need a roof. Na prefaleni jagodi ne odi sos golema ko{nica. (MNU 4084). Great boast and small roast makes unsavoury mouths. Na prosjakot liceto mu e crno, a torbata mu e puna. (MNU 4087). The face of the beggar is black, but his bag is always full. A beggar can never
be bankrupt. The beggar may sing before the thief.

Na svetecot zapali mu edna sve{~a, (za da ti pomo`it); a na |aolot - dve, (za da ne ti rasipit rabotata). (MNU 4099). Light a candle to the saint, so that he will help you; light two to the Devil, so that he won't spoil your work. It is sometimes good to hold a candle to the devil. Give the
devil his due.

1191.

Na sveto ustite ne mo`i{ da mu 'i zatni{, da ne zboruaat za tebe lo{o ili arno. (MNU 4102). You can't stop people speaking either well or ill about you.

 101 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1192. 1193. 1194. 1195. 1196.

Na sviwa biser ne ni`i. (MNU 4104). Do not throw pearls to swine.

To cast pearls before swine.

1197. 1198. 1199. 1200. 1201. 1202. 1203. 1204. 1205.

Na se' ima granica. There is a limit to everything. Na sekoe zlo smrtta mu e lekot. (MNU 4107). For every evil under the sun, death is the cure. Na sekoe rap~e svoeto sedelo mu e milo. (Kav. 2201). Every bird likes his own nest best. The bird loves her nest. Na sekoja boqka imat lek. (Kav. 2202). There is a remedy for every disease. A disease known is half cured. A danger foreseen is half avoided. Na sekoja boqka imat lek, a na stramot ni do vek (ni na toj vek). (Kav. 2203). For every ill there is a cure, but for shame, not even in the next world. There is a remedy for everything but death. Na siromajot yvezdata mu et ugasnata. (MNU 4114). The star of the poor man is extinguished. Na siromajot k'smetot ne mu rabotit. (MNU 4116). Fate is against the poor man. Na siromajot nikoj praoto ne mu go daa, koga da zborua. (MNU 4117). No one believes the poor man when he speaks. Na skapernik tatko, rasipnik sin. A miserly father makes a prodigal son. Na slep (na }or) sve{~a ne se dat. (Kav. 2210). A blind man doesn't need a candle. A blind man will not thank you for a looking-glass. A blind man has
no need of a looking-glass.

Na slepjot (na }orjot) i denot i no}ta mu se edno. (Kav. 2209). To the blind man the day and the night are all the same. Blind men should judge
no colours.

1206. 1207. 1208. 1209. 1210.

Na smrt lekot mu e umira~kata. (MNU 4124). Dying is the cure for death. Na tanec koj{to igra, sekoj }e go gledat. (MNU 4139). Whoever leads the dance, will be noticed by everyone. Na tu|i grobi{ta plakala, ta za toa solzi ne pu{tila. (MNU 4147). It was said that she wept on the tombs of strangers - that is why she did not really shed any tears. Na }eqav ~e{eq ne mu trebit. (Kav. 2231). A bald man has no need of a comb. A blind man has no need of a looking-glass. A blind man will not thank
you for a looking-glass. In vain is the mill-clock if the miller his hearing lack.

Na }eqava glava bri~ ne i' trebe. (MNU 4150). A bald head doesn't need a razor. Scabbed horse cannot abide the comb. Na usta med i maslo, na srce pelin i zer. (Kav. 2237). A honey tongue, a heart of gall. He has honey in the mouth and the razor at the girdle. Na faleni j'gotki (koga odi{), so prazni ko{nici (se vra{~a{). (MNU 4156). Great boast and small roast makes unsavoury mouths. Na ~ija kola se vozi{, nego fali go. (Kav. 2241). Praise the man

 102 Bone Veli~kovski

1211. 1212. 1213. 1214. 1215. 1216. 1217. 1218. 1219. 1220. 1221.

1222. 1223.

1224.

1225. 1226. 1227. 1228. 1229. 1230. 1231.

whose cart you are riding in. Na ~isto lice malu voda mu trebit. (Kav. 2245). The clean face doesn't need much water. Na {tedliv tatko, rasipnik sin. After a thrifty father a prodigal son. Navedena glaa pod carska sabja pominua. (MNU 3959). The king's sword will not cut off the head bowed in submission. Navikata e na{a vtora priroda. (B.D.). Custom is a second nature. Nade`ta ne razo~aruva. Hope maketh not ashamed. (Rimjani 5, 5 / Romans 5, 5). Najdobro se lovi vo matno. It is good fishing in troubled waters. Najprvin Gospod sebe si si stvoril brada. The parson always christens his own child first. Najsilen e vetrot pred da tivnit. (Kav. 2145). The sharper the storm, the sooner it's over. Rain before seven; fine before eleven. Najumniot na vekov }e umri, kako najneumniot. (MNU 4026). The wisest man will die as surely as the biggest fool. Nama~kaj ja oskata da ne ~krtat. (Kav. 2164). Grease the axle so that it won't squeak. Naprazno e da se optegnuva mre`a pred o~ite na site ptici. In vain the net is spread in the sight of any bird. (Poslovici 1, 17 / Proverbs 1, 17). Naredil Gospod da ima i bogati i siromasi. (MNU 4092). God ordained that there be rich and poor people. Narodite padnaa vo jamata, {to sami ja iskopaa; stapicata {to ja stavija tajno, ja fati nivnata noga. To make a snare for another and fall into it oneself. (Sirah 27, 26 / Ecclesiasticus 27, 26; Psalmi 9, 15 / Psalms 9, 15). Narodo se izlo{uat od urnekot od lo{ite popoi, a nivjeto i lozjata se rasipuaat od lo{ite argati. (MNU 4095). The debauchery of priests ruins the people, just as bad workers ruin the fields and vineyards. Na{el selo bez ku~iwa, trgnal bez stap. (MNU 4168). He found a village without dogs, so he passed through it without a stick. Ne bi se {ega na starec, oti i ti }e ostaree{. (MNU 4190). Don't mock the elderly because you yourself will one day be old. Ne bi se {ega, da ne ti dojdi na glaa {egata. (MNU 4189). Don't mock in case it comes back on your own head. Ne buri~kaj lepe{ka, da ne ti smrdit. (MNU 4194). Don't stir cow dung as it will smell. Ne vali se' kakov si bil, ami kakov si. (MNU 4195). Don't boast about what you once were, but speak of how you are now. Ne vlegvi v bunar so gnilo j'`e (so gnila fortoma). (Kav. 2264). Don't descend the well with a rotten rope. Ne gqaj mi ja kapava, tuku pod kapava. (Kav. 2274). Do not look at the

 103 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1232. 1233. 1234. 1235. 1236. 1237.

1238. 1239. 1240.

1241. 1242.

1243.

hat, but at what is under the hat. Ne e vremeto lo{o, tuku lu|eto. (Kav. 2292). The times aren't bad, only the people are. Ne e zlato se' {to sveti. (MNP 2510). All that glitters is not gold. Ne e marifet da zn'j{, marifet e da umej{. (Kav. 2298). Real skill is not so much having knowledge, as having the ability of think. Ne e sekoj vrat za yvonec (za amut, za jarem). (Kav. 2299). Not every neck is meant to wear a yoke. Ne za kogo e pe~eno, ami za kogo e re~eno. (Kav. 2306). He struck at Tib, but down fell Tom. Ne zavrzuvaj mu ja ustata na volot koga vr{i. Muzzle not the oxen's mouth. (Petta Mojseeva kniga - Vtorozakonie 25, 4 / Deuteronomy 25, 4). Ne znaj da napoe magare i voda, a ne da pi{i kniga. (MNU 4247). He can't even lead a donkey to water, let alone read book. Ne istr~vi ko prle pred magarica. (Kav. 2311). Don't run like an ass kid before its mother. Don't put the cart before the horse. Ne ja dobivaat trkata brzite; ni bojot hrabrite. The race is not to the swift, nor the battle to the strong. (Propovednik 9, 11 / Ecclesiastes 9, 11). Ne ja se~i grankata na koja sedi{. Don't cut the bough you are standing on. Cut not the bough that thou standest upon. Ne ka`vi mi za taa boles {~o sum le`al. (Ne raspravaj mi za raboti {to mi se poznati.). (MNU 4262). Don't tell me about the illness I've just had. Ne ka`vi mu ja na budalata kamarata so kamewa, za{~o }e ti ja skr{it glata. (Kav. 2316). It is ill putting a sword in a madman's hand.
Do not put a sword into your enemy's hands. It is ill putting a sword in a child's hand. Ne ka`vi mu na deda ti nivjeto. (Ne sovetuvaj postar i poopiten ~ovek od tebe.). (MNU 4261). You don't have to show your grandfather

1244.

1245.

1246.

where his fields are. Ne ka`vit baba {~o son videla, ami {~o sakat da vidit. (Kav. 2317). Granny is not talking about the dream she saw, but about the dream she would like to have seen. Ne kako {to znai{, ami kako {to }e nai{. (MNU 4265). Ne kako {~o znajt, a kako }e najt, (}e ~init). (Rabotite ne vrvat sekoga{
spored na{ata `elba; zatoa ~esto, poradi okolnostite, sme prinudeni da se soobrazuvame so niv.). (MNU 4266). Forget the theory, look at the prac-

1247.

tice. Ne klaj prst me|u dve vra}e. (Kav. 2321). Put not thy hand between the bark and the tree.

 104 Bone Veli~kovski

1248. 1249. 1250. 1251. 1252. 1253. 1254. 1255.

Ne kopaj grob drugemu, oti sam pa|a{ u nego. (Cep. 1972, II: 77). He who digs a pit for others falls in himself. Ne krevaj se na golemo, da ne padni{ na koleno. (MNU 4283). Don't be so high and mighty, or you'll end up on your knees. Ne kupuvaj ma~ka vo vre}a. Don't buy a cat in a sack. Never buy a pig in a
poke.

Ne kupuj ku}a bez kom{ija. (MNU 4285). Don't buy a house without a neighbour. You must ask your neighbour if you shall live in peace. Ne me gazi{ ti, tuku gornion. (Kav. 2362). You are not stepping on me, but the guy above me is. Ne mo`e da ja vidi {umata od drvoto. He cannot see the wood for the trees. You cannot see the city for the houses. Ne mo`e dobro drvo da dava lo{i plodovi. A good tree cannot bring forth evil fruit. (Matej 7, 18 / Matthew 7, 18). Good fruit of a good tree. Ne mo`it na magareto, go bie samaro. (MNU 4306). Ne mojt na magareto - na samarot. (MNU 4309). He can't beat the donkey, so he beats the saddle instead. He that cannot beat the ass beats the saddle. He that cannot beat the horse beats the saddle.

1256. 1257. 1258.

Ne mo~aj sproti vetrot! Piss not against the wind! Who spits against the
wind, it falls in his face.

1259. 1260. 1261. 1262. 1263. 1264. 1265. 1266. 1267. 1268.

Ne nadevajte se na knezovite. Put not your trust in princes. (Psalmi 146, 3 / Psalms 146, 3). Ne na{ol Grkot koko{ka, arna mu bila (dosta mu bila) i stra~ka. (Kav. 2383). The Greek didn't find a chicken, and the magpie was good enough. Ne nosi ~avka na orawe. (MNU 4317). Don't take a crow when you want to plough the earth. Ne odil na u~ili{te, ami se nau~il poe}e od mene. (MNU 4318). He never went to school, but he learnt more than me. Ne ostavaj sega{nata rabota za utre. (MNU 4323). Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today. Work today, for you know not how much you
may be hindered tomorrow.

Ne otvoraj stari rani. It is not wise to open old wounds. Ne padinet pe~eni piliwa od nebo. (Kav. 2397). Roasted chickens don't fall from the sky. He thinks that roasted larks will fall into his mouth. Ne pi voda od begli~ka ~e{ma. (Kav. 2400). Don't drink water from the master's fountain. Ne pla~i gorata od sekirata, ami od ra~kata. (MNU 4335). The forest does not weep from the axe, but from its handle. Ne praj mu se na sekoj ma{a (most). (Kav. 2409). Don't be a pair of tongs for everyone to use. Ne praj se na sekoe grne (tenxere) kapak. (Kav. 2410). Don't be a lid to every pot. Ne praj se pogolem katolik od papana. (Kav. 2411). Don't try to be a

 105 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1269. 1270. 1271. 1272. 1273.

bigger Catholic than the pope. Ne se zn'jt ni koj pijat, ni koj pla{~at. (Kav. 2417). You couldn't tell who was drinking, or who was paying (of a serious drinking orgy). Ne se kolit vol za oka meso. (Kav. 2419). You don't slaughter the bull for a mere kilogram of meat. Ne se letat duri ne porastet krilja. (Kav. 2421). No flying without wings. Ne se pla{it siromav od arami. (Kav. 2425). The poor man is not afraid of thieves. Ne se rodil toj {~o mo`it sekomu da mu pomo`it. (Kav. 2427). The person who could help everybody, has not been born yet. He who
pleased everybody died before he was born. He has need rise betimes that would please everybody. You can't please everyone. It is hard to please all parties. He that all men will please shall never find ease.

1274. 1275. 1276. 1277. 1278. 1279. 1280. 1281. 1282.

Ne se stanuva majstor u{te prviot den. No man is his craft's master the first day. Ne sobirajte si bogatstva na zemjata. Lay not up for yourselves treasures upon earth. (Matej 6, 19 / Matthew 6, 19). Ne spru`vi 'i noyete nadvor od cergata. (Kav. 2433). Don't stretch your legs no further than your coverlet. Stretch your legs according to your coverlet.

1283. 1284. 1285. 1286. 1287.

Ne sudete ni{to predvreme. Judge nothing before the time. (I Korintjani 4, 5 / I Corinthians 4, 5). Ne sudete, za da ne bidete sudeni. Judge not, that ye be not judged. (Matej 7, 1 / Matthew 7, 1). Ne sum s'nce, ta sekogo da ogream. (Kav. 2443). I am not the sun, so I can't warm everybody. Ne te gledaat sveto, {to jade{, ami {to ~es ima{. (MNU 4375). People don't look at what you eat, but at how much honour you have. Ne turaj na ognot maslo. (MNU 4393). Pouring oil on the fire is not the way to quench it. Ne umri, kowu, do zelena treva. (MNU 4402). Ne umri, magare, do zelena treva. (MNU 4403). Live, horse, and you'll get grass. Live, donkey, and you'll get grass. Ne u~i bav~anxija kako se sadet krastajci. (Kav. 2469). Don't teach the farmer how to grow cucumbers. An old fox needs learn no craft. Ne u~i ja ribata da pliva. You must not teach fish to swim. Ne u~i starec da makat jajca. (Kav. 2470). Don't teach an old man how to eat omelet. An old fox needs learn no craft. Ne frlajte gi svoite biseri pred sviwite. Do not throw pearls to swine. (Matej 7, 6 / Matthew 7, 6). Ne ~ukaj ~u`da 'r`. (Ne se gri`i za drug.). (MNU 4416). Don't thresh someone else's rye. (Don't worry about the other people's business). Scald not your

 106 Bone Veli~kovski

lips in another man's pottage.

1288. 1289. 1290.

Nevikan gostin zad vrata sedit. (GK, II, str. 178). An unbidden guest sits outdoors. An unbidden guest must bring his stool with him. He who comes
uncalled sits unserved.

1291. 1292. 1293. 1294. 1295. 1296. 1297. 1298. 1299. 1300. 1301. 1302. 1303. 1304. 1305. 1306. 1307. 1308.

Negqani o~i brgu se zaboravet. (Kav. 2280). Long absent, soon forgotten. Out of sight, out of mind. Nego v selo ne go pu{taat, toj od popo }erkata (ku}ata) ja barat. (MNU 4214). The villagers can't stand him, yet he wants to marry the village priest's daughter. Neka vrni na mene, ne sum sol da se stopam. (MNU 4257). Let it rain on me as much as it likes - I am not salt to dissolve away. Neka te fali drug, a ne tvojata usta. He that praises himself spatters himself. (Poslovici 27, 2 / Proverbs 27, 2). Nekanat gost, goto magare. (Nekanat gostin, goto magare.). (Kav. 2320). An unbidden guest is like a donkey. Nekanen gost (e) kako kisel grozd. (MNU 4269). An uncalled guest is like a sour grape. Nekanet gost e kako magare na jasli. (MNU 4271). An unbidden guest is like a donkey on a manger. Nekanet gost mol~it kako }os na jajca. (MNU 4272). An unbidden guest keeps quiet like a blackbird sitting on eggs. Nekomu glata mu pukat, nekomu oro mu se igrat. (Kav. 2325). Someone is in mental agony, while someone else feels like dancing. Nema dim bez ogin. No smoke without fire. No fire, no smoke. Nema dobriwe bez trudewe. (MNU 4293). No pains, no gains. Nema `ito bez kakol. No garden without its weeds. On fat land grow foulest weeds.

Nema lek za strav. There is no remedy for fear. Nema ni{to novo pod sonceto. There is nothing new under the sun. (Propovednik 1, 9 / Ecclesiastes 1, 9). Nothing new under the sun. Nema pogluv od toj {to ne saka da ~ue. There's none so deaf as those who will not hear. None so deaf as those who won't hear. Nema pogolema mudrost od mol~eweto. No wisdom to silence. (Sirah 20, 5-6 / Ecclesiasticus 20, 5-6). Silence is often the best answer. A wise
head makes a close mouth. Speak fitly, or be silent wisely.

Nema poslep od toj {to ne saka da vidi. There's none so blind as those who will not see. None so blind as those who won't see. Nema radost bez neprijatnost. No pleasure without pain. No pleasure
without repentance. After joy comes annoy. After pleasure comes pain.

Nema{~inata e karajnca v ku}i. (Kav. 2360). Poverty leads to quarrels and disorders in families. Neolata um davat na ~oeka. (MNU 4321). Adversity makes a man wise, not rich. Experience is the mother of knowledge. Experience is the best
teacher. An ounce of practice is worth a pound of precept.

 107 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1309. 1310. 1311. 1312. 1313.

Neoqa zakon ne gqat. (Kav. 2387). Necessity has no law. Misfortune

knows no rules.

Neoqata go u~it ~veka na se'. (Kav. 2390). Necessity is the mother of invention. Misfortune teaches all things. Neoqata i od kamen e pojaka. (Kav. 2391). Misfortune is harder than a rock. Neoqata najmnogu pomogvit. (Kav. 2392). Necessity is the best helper.
Necessity is the is the best teacher.

1314. 1315. 1316. 1317. 1318. 1319. 1320. 1321. 1322. 1323. 1324. 1325. 1326.

Nepara miluj ja ~a{ata, oti }e si ja ostai{ rabotata. (MNU 4332). Don't go caressing the wine glass so much, or else your work will be left undone. Nepravedno spe~aleno, ne stigvit ni do tretoto koleno. (Kav. 2408). Ill gotten don't even reach to the third generation. Ill gotten, ill spent.
Evil gotten, evil spent.

Netreben bunar smrdit. (Kav. 2452). Uncleaned well stinks. Standing

pools gather filth.

Ne{~o e poarno (e poj}e) od ni{~o. (Kav. 2484). Something is better than nothing. Half a loaf is better than no bread. Better some of a pudding than
none of a pie.

Ni vo ku~e vera, ni vo lakom mera. (Kav. 2493). There is neither faith in dogs nor measure in covetous people. Covetousness breaks the bag. Bind the
bag before it is full.

Ni `iv, ni umren, dve pari ~es nema. (MNU 4434). He is neither living nor dead, as he hasn't any honour. Ni ku~iwa badijava ne lajat. (Nedeq. str. 186). Even dogs don't bark for free. Business is business. One hand will not wash the other for nothing. Ni lik jal, ni luk mirisal. (MNU 4446). He neither ate garlic nor smelt of it. Ni na bogastvo raduj se, ni na siroma{ija `alaj. (MNU 4449). Do not rejoice at wealth, do not grieve at poverty. Ni od Boga go grev, ni od ~oeka go stram. (MNU 4453). He feels no guilt before God, and no shame before people. Ni od Boga pomo} bara, ni pa za du{a gajle ima. (MNU 4454). He neither seeks God's help, nor gives a damn for his soul. Ni trendafiq bez trn, ni sevda (ni qubov) bez kavga. (Kav. 2550). Neither a rose without thorns, nor love without quarrels. No rose without a
thorn.

Nie za volkot, a volkot zad vrata. Talk of the wolf, and his tail appears. Talk of the devil, and he is bound to appear. Niedna lo{otija ne doa|a sama. (P.D. 2424). Misfortunes never come alone. Misfortunes never come singly. Disgraces are like cherries, one draws another. One misfortune comes on the neck of another. It never rains but it pours. Of one ill come many.

 108 Bone Veli~kovski

1327. 1328. 1329.

Niedna ma~ka bez opa{ka. There is no cat without a tail. Every man has
his faults.

1330. 1331.

1332. 1333. 1334. 1335. 1336. 1337. 1338. 1339. 1340. 1341. 1342. 1343. 1344. 1345. 1346. 1347. 1348. 1349. 1350.

Niedna nesre}a ne doa|a sama. Misfortunes never come singly. Nije ne sme kamen na grob, da sedni sekoj na nas. (Ne trpit nekoj da pravi nekoe zlo.). (MNU 4438). We are not tombstones for others to sit on us and get away with it! Nikoga{ ne e dockna. (Kav. 2508). It is never too late. Nikoj (Nieden sluga) ne mo`e da im slu`i na dva gospodara. No man can serve two masters. (Matej 6, 24 / Matthew 6, 24; Luka 16, 13 / Luke 16, 13). Nikoj ne gleda koga e ludo zaquben. (P.D. 2432). Love is blind. Affection blinds reason.

Nikoj ne e angel (bezgre{en). Men are not angels. Nikoj ne e prorok vo svojata zemja. A prophet is not without honour save in his own country. A prophet has no honour in his own country. Nikoj ne zn'jt {~o nosit den, a {~o no}. (Kav. 2515). No one knows what the day or the night will bring. Nikoj ne znojt koga }e umrit. (P.D 2442). No man has a lease of his life. Nikoj ne se rodil u~en. (MNU 4443). No one is born educated. Nikoj u~en (nau~en) ne se rodil. (Kav. 2521). None is born a master. Nikoja reka ne go mie, leli vo bor~ vleze. (MNU 4439). Now that he is in debt, no river can wash him clean. Ni{to ne e pobolno od vistinata. Nothing hurts like the truth. Ni{to ne uspeva kako ({to uspeva) uspehot. Nothing succeeds like success. Luck goes in cycles. Money begets money. Nov bunar kopaj vo starjot (fetjot) ne pquvaj. (Kav. 2555). Dig a new well, but don't spit into the old one. Cast no dirt into the well that hath given you water.

Nov den, nov k'smed. (Kav. 2556). New day, new fortune. Novata metla dobro mete. (P.D. 2457). Novata metla ~isto mete. (Kav. 2554). A new broom sweeps clean. New brooms sweep clean. Novite p'ti{~a i starite prijateli baraj i'. (Kav. 2558). Seek new paths and old friends. Old friends and old wine are best. Novo sito na klu~oi (obeseno). (MNU 4473). Novo sito na kqu~ej. (Kav. 2560). A new sieve stands on the wall. Novoto sito samo sejt. (Kav. 2561). The new sieve saws by itself. A
new broom sweeps clean.

No}a mesit, dewa vezit. (MNU 4483). Night kneads, day weaves. No}ta den da ja stori{ i da spe~ali{. (MNU 4484). Turn day into night, and make a lot of money. No}ta otrudnua, i deno go ra|a. (MNU 4485). Night becomes pregnant and gives birth to the day.

 109 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1351.

Nu`da radi zakon izmewava. (MNU 4487). Necessity has no law. Make a virtue of necessity. To make the best of a bad job. Nurture passes nature. Art improves nature. O

1352. 1353. 1354. 1355. 1356.

Obesete go brata mi, oti mene mi se meli umot. (MNU 4493). Hang my brother, not me, because I suffer from dizzy spells. Obikolniot pat e najkratkiot pat do doma. The longest way round is the shortest way home. Oblekata ne go ~ini ~ovekot. (P.D. 2462). The coat doesn't make the man. It is not the gay coat that makes the gentleman. The cowl does not make the
monk. The hood (habit) does not make the monk. The gown does not make the friar.

Obrazovanieto e sila. Education is power. Ovoj vek da go pomineme nadve-natri, da za onoj vek, kako saka neka bide. (MNU 4507). Let's get through this life as best we can; as for the next, who cares what happens! It is hard to get through this clack and grim
world.

1357.

1358.

1359. 1360. 1361. 1362. 1363. 1364. 1365. 1366. 1367. 1368.

Ovoj vek e mo{ne mil, ama smrten ~as da ne be{e bil. (MNU 4508). This life is extremely sweet; if only there were no hour appointed for death. Ovcite se krotki i budali, da za toa stojat da 'i davit volkot. (MNU 4517). Sheep are placid and mindless, and that is why the wolf devours them. Ognot i vodata se arni izme}ari, ama lo{i gospodari. (Kav. 2588). Fire and water are good servants, but bad masters. Ogon i barut ne trebit nablizu da stojeet. (MNU 4523). Fire and gunpowder are not to be kept in the one place. Ogon so slama ne se gasit. (MNU 4526). Fire cannot be put out with straw. Od apsaana potamo nema, nema da mu se bojam. (MNU 4529). You can't do worse than prison. Od at na magare. Od kow na magare. (MNU 4532, 4639). He got off a horse and mounted a donkey. Od bolva slon (pravi). He changes a fly into an elephant. To make a
mountain out of a molehill.

Od v'lk cela ovca ne se zemat nazad. (Kav. 2606). You can't get the sheep back from the wolf in one piece. Od vo{ka remen ne se prajt. (Kav. 2603). You can't make a belt from a louse. Od gol ko{uqa ne se barat (ne se slekvit). (Kav. 2609). Don't ask for a shirt from a naked man. Od golema nu`da si prodaa ~oek i ~eladta. (MNU 4549). In times of

 110 Bone Veli~kovski

1369.

great need, a man would even sell his children. Od golema su{a i na grad blagodari se. (MNU 4550). Od golema su{a samo gradot blagodaren ostanvit. (Kav. 2608). During great drought, you should be grateful for hail. If there is severe drought, hail is wellcome.

1370. 1371.

1372. 1373. 1374. 1375. 1376.

1377. 1378. 1379. 1380. 1381. 1382. 1383. 1384.

Od dva vola i me~kata se upla{ila. (MNU 4555). Even the bear was frightened of two bulls. Od dve ne{ta da se ~uat ~oekot: od bor~ i izme}arlak. (MNU 4556). Two things should be feared: becoming a servant, and falling into debt. Od deka ne se nadee{, od tamu te ogreva. (MNU 4558). Good fortune comes from where you least expect it. Od eden vol dve ko`i ne se derat. (MNU 4567). You can't skin an ox twice. Od eden izvor ne izvira blaga i solena voda. (MNU 4568). You don't get both salt water and fresh water from the same spring. Od eden kol se odvrzav, za drug se vrzav. (MNU 4570). I untied myself from one stake, merely to tie myself to another. Od edna bo~va i voda i kiselina ne se pu{ta. (MNU 4571). You can't get both wine and vinegar to flow from the same barrel at the same time. Od edna iskra golem ogon bidua. (MNU 4573). A little spark kindles a great fire. Of a small spark a great fire. A little fire burns up a great deal of corn. Od edna strana go lepe{, od druga se puka. (MNU 4576). You patch up one side, another cracks. Od edno manuawe sekirata ne se~e. (MNU 4580). An oak is not felled at one stroke. Many strokes fell great (tall) oaks. Rome was not built in a day. Od edno uho vleze, (a) od drugoto izleze (zborot). (MNU 4581). In at one ear and out at the other. Od zboroi preku glaa kapata mi se skina. (MNU 4595). So many words were shot at me, that they were over my head and even tore my hat! Od zboroj popara ne se prajt. (Kav. 2632). Fair words fill not the belly.
Good words fill not a sack.

Od zort i babata zaigrala. (Kav. 2634). Need makes the old wife trot.
Adversity makes strange bedfellows. Need makes the naked man run and sorrow makes websters spin.

Od iskra plamen. (MNU 4607). Od iskra plamen, od plamen pepel. (MNU 4608). Od iskra plamen se prajt. (Kav. 2640). Of a small spark a great fire. A little spark kindles a great fire. A little fire burns up a great deal of
corn.

1385.

1386.

Od jadewe i piewe mu se zdodeua na ~oeka, a ne od kavga ~inewe. (MNU 4612). There are those who get sick and tired of food and drink, but never of quarrelling. Od jaloa krava tele izvaat. (MNU 4615). He can get a calf from a

 111 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1387. 1388. 1389. 1390. 1391. 1392. 1393. 1394. 1395. 1396. 1397. 1398.

barren cow. Od koga mi go otru srceto, posle blago }e mi davat. (MNU 4624). After poisoning my heart, he gave me sweets. Od koga }e nema lu|e pravi i vekov }e propadnit. (MNU 4626). The world will go to rack and ruin, when there are no moral people. Od koj si mlogo krsti, ~uvaj se. (MNU 4629). Be wary of the man who crosses himself too often. Od komarec - magarec. To make a mountain out of a molehill. He changes
a fly into an elephant.

Od krasto prase debel vepar (debela matorica) se prajt. (Kav. 2660). A scabby pig may make a fat hog (swine). A ragged colt may make a
good horse. Wanton kittens make sober cats.

Od lo{o imat polo{o. (Kav. 2663). Nothing so bad but it might have been worse. Od lut i od pijan u~i{ najstinata. (MNU 4644). From a drunkard and an angry man, you can learn the truth. Od mala iskra, golem ogon. Of a small spark a great fire. (Sirah 11, 34 / Ecclesiasticus 11, 32; Jakov 3, 5 / James 3, 5). Od mrza pote{ko nema. (MNU 4661). Idleness is the mother of all vice.
Idleness is the root of all evil.

1399. 1400. 1401. 1402. 1403. 1404. 1405. 1406.

Od mrzava du{a izlava. (MNU 4660). By doing nothing we can loose our soul. Od nevolja baba molja. (MNU 4666). In time of adversity I ask granny for help. Od no` i od se}ira pqagata (ranata) zarastvit, ama od lo{ j'zik ne (nikoga{). (Kav. 2688). The wound from a knife or an axe will heal, but never from a bad tongue. Od petla~iwa lira se prajt. (Kav. 2692). Penny and penny laid up will be many. Many small make a great. Sparing is the first gaining. Od pisanoto ne se begat. (Od pi{anoto nikoga{ ne se begat). (Kav. 2694). No flying from fate. Od re~eno do storeno, ko od nebo do zemi. (Kav. 2709). The distance from what is said to what is done, is often the distance from heaven to earth. Od rob se vra{~at, od grob nikoga{. (Kav. 2710). You can escape slavery, but not the grave. Od svinska ko`a mev (gajda) ne se prajt. (Kav. 2711). You cannot make a bagpipe of a pig's skin. You cannot make a silk purse of a sow's ear. You
cannot make a horn of a pig's tail. You cannot make a sieve of an ass's tail.

Od svoja ku}a ni{~o pomilo i poubo nemat. (Kav. 2714). There is no place like home. Od sekoe drvo emi{ ne se berit. (MNU 4695). You can't pick fruit from every tree. Od sekoe dreo svirka ne se prajt. (Kav. 2718). Every reed will not

 112 Bone Veli~kovski

1407. 1408. 1409. 1410. 1411. 1412. 1413. 1414. 1415. 1416. 1417. 1418. 1419. 1420.

make a pipe. Every block will not make a Mercury. Od skr`aviot i tamav}arot druzi stokata }e ja jadat. (MNU 4700). The possessions of the miser will eventually be devoured by others. Od son ni{to poslatko nemat. (MNU 4703). There is nothing on earth sweeter than sleep. Od strav ~oek pobegnua, a od stram ne mo`it. (MNU 4707). You can escape fear, but not shame. Od sudenoto (pi{anoto) ne se bega. (B.D.). No flying from fate. Whatever happens, all happens as it should. The fated will happen. What must be, must be.

1421. 1422. 1423. 1424. 1425. 1426.

Od toa {to se boi{, }e nalepi{. (MNU 4720). You usually cop it from the thing you fear most. Od toj {~o se krstit mnogu, mnogu vardi se. (Kav. 2729). Be wary of the man who crosses himself too often. Od trwe bor~ saka da plati (ili: od trwe saka grozje da zbira. (MNU 4730). Plant the crab-tree where you will, it will never bear pippins. Od }elepur manxa stomak ne puknuva. Better belly burst than good meat lost. Od ulav um ne kupuj. (MNU 4733). Don't seek the advice of a degenerate. Od usta v usta, na caro v u{i. (MNU 4738). From mouth to mouth, into the king's ears. Od ~elad poslatko i pogorko nemat. (MNU 4747). There is nothing that could be more sweet or more bitter than children. Od ~oeka ni{to ne otkinua. (MNU 4748). All is possible with human beings. Od {to nema i caro ne zema. (MNU 4751). Even the king can't have what's not available. Odvoj se od svoite neprijateli i ~uvaj se od svoite prijateli. God defend me from my friends; from my enemies I can defend myself. (Sirah 6, 13 / Ecclesiasticus 6, 13). Odi kaj }e ode{, doma da si dojde{. (MNU 4602). There is no place like home. One's own hearth is gowd's worth. Odi na voda na noviot bunar, ne plukaj na stariot. (MNU 4605). Go for water to the new well, but don't spit into the old. Cast no dirt into the
well that hath given you water.

Odit kako slep kow vo grobi{ta. (MNU 4610). He walks like a blind horse in a graveyard. Odlo`uvanata nade` go iznemo{tuva srceto. Hope deferred maketh the heart sick. (Poslovici 13, 12 / Proverbs 13, 12). Ozgora mazno, ozdola azno. (@ena so vo{ki vo glavata.). (Cep. 1825). Above pampered, underneath spoiled. Appearances are deceptive. Appearances
are deceiving.

Oko za oko i zab za zab. An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth. (Ma-

 113 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1427.

1428. 1429. 1430.

1431.

1432. 1433. 1434. 1435. 1436. 1437.

1438. 1439. 1440.

tej 5, 38 / Matthew 5, 38). Okoto poarno neka mu izlezit na ~oeko, a lo{ zbor da ne mu izlezit. (MNU 4775). Sooner lose an eye than have an ill word spoken of you. Omodre, ocrne, od stram {to mu dojde. (MNU 4782). Terrible things can come out of the blue. Opinci nema na nozete, gajda bara da kupit. (MNU 4784). He doesn't even own a pair of shoes, yet he wants to buy a set of bagpipes! Opitale nekoj umen starec: - [~o go krepit vekov, (svetov)? Itriot - umot, bogatiot - parite, siromajot - krpe`ot i trpe`ot, a site ~esta, odgoril starecot. (Kav. str. 152, br. 37). Asked what made the world go round, a wise old man said: "Mind for the intelligent; money for the wealthy; patches and patience for the poor; and honour for everybody." Opsekliv pes od volkot nemat strav. (Re{itelniot i silniot ~ovek ne se pla{i od neprijatelot.). (MNU 4787). The determined dog does not fear the wolf. Opupulil o~i kako plo~i, sankim nekoj }e mu se upla{it. (MNU 4793). He gouged out his own eyes, so whom could he blame? Orala muvata cel den na rogojte od volot. (Kav. 2774). The fly claimed it worked all day because it sat on the horn of a bull that ploughed. Ostaj ja mrzata, vati ja brzata. (MNU 4812). Be not idle, and you shall not be longing. Ostare, obele i umot vo glavata ne mu dojde. (MNU 4817). The head gray, and no brains yet. No fool to the old fool. Ostroto na no`ot se~i i dobroto i lo{oto. (MNU 4819). The sharp edge of the knife cuts both the good and the bad. Otkako }e se prevratit kolata, (setne) p'ti{~a mnogu (se nao`xeet). (MNU 4830). After the car is overturned, many roads are found. The highway is never about. It is easy to be wise after the event. Otrua~ka praveden da se napie, pak ne }e se otrue. (MNU 4841). If the just man were to drink poison, he would not be harmed. O~i {to nabrgu ne se viduaat se zaboravaat. (MNU 4859). Eyes that don't see each other often soon forget each other. O~ite mu igrajat kako na voden |avol. (MNU 4852). He is so cunning his eyes flash in forty directions. P

1441.

Pazete se od la`nite proroci. Beware of false prophets. (Matej 7, 15; 24, 11, 24 / Matthew 7, 15; 24, 11, 24; Marko 13, 22 / Mark 13, 22; II Petar 2, 1 / II Peter 2, 1; I Jovan 4, 1 / I John 4, 1; Otkrovenie 16, 13 /

 114 Bone Veli~kovski

1442. 1443. 1444. 1445. 1446. 1447. 1448. 1449. 1450. 1451. 1452. 1453.

Revelation 16, 13). Pazi Bo`e od krsten |aol. (MNU 4887). God save us from a christened devil. God protect you from a baptised devil. Pazi se od bele`aniot. Beware of him whom God hath marked. Take
care of that man whom God has set his mark upon.

1454. 1455. 1456. 1457. 1458. 1459. 1460. 1461. 1462. 1463. 1464.

Pali mu sve}a i na |aolot da ne ti prait pakos. (Cep. 1871). It is sometimes good to light a candle to the devil. Give the devil his due. Para na para odi. Money draws money. Money begets money. Parata e trkalezna, lesno si odi. Money is round, and rolls away. Parata `elezna vrata otvara i zatvara. (MNU 4902). Money opens and closes iron gates. No lock will hold against the power of gold. Parata i `elezna vrata otvarat. (Kav. 2817). Money opens iron gates. A golden key can open any door. Pari davam, oro igram. (MNU 4906). I give money therefore I dance. Pari davam, svirka sviram. (MNU 4907). I give money and I choose the tune. Pari dadov se' si kupiv. (MNU 4909). I gave money and bought everything. Pari dadov, beqata si zedov. (MNU 4908). I gave money and got nothing but trouble in return. Pari kalpoj se arxat ja nave~er na meana, ja na svadba na dajre, ja na popo v kotle. (MNU 4911). Money is easily spent: in the pubs at night, gifts for weddings, and the priest's collection. Pari saka da ima, le`ej}i pod senka. (MNU 4913). He wants to have money, yet he is stretched out in the shade all day. Parite go vrtat svetot. Money makes the world go round. Parite zboruaat, bez parite mol~at. (MNU 4919). Those with money speak; those without money are silent. Money will speak even if the person
is dumb.

Parite i od topo se posilni. (MNU 4920). Money is more powerful than a cannon. Parite set Judino `elezo. (MNU 4926). Money is the metal of Judas. Parite set pomili i od ~elad. (MNU 4927). Money is more loved than children. Parite {to se pe~alat, ako ne se arxat, {to biduat? (MNU 4929). In spending lies the advantage. Pat so odewe, bor~ so pla}awe. (MNU 4932). He who pays his debts begins to make a stock. Out of debt, out of danger. Patot do pekolot e poplo~en so dobri nameri. The road to hell is paved with good intentions. Hell is paved with good intentions. Peda ~ovek - lakot brada. (MNU 4934). A little body often harbours a great soul. Pes od kasapnica ma~no se odu~uat. (MNU 4952). It's not easy to tear

 115 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1465. 1466. 1467. 1468. 1469. 1470.

a dog away from the butcher shop. Pesnata stopan nemat. (MNU 4946). Folk songs do not have owners. Pe~aleno magare od krastavici, rekata go nose. (MNU 4971). A donkey earned from cucumbers is taken away by the river. Lightly gained,
quickly lost. Come with the wind, go with the water.

1471. 1472. 1473. 1474. 1475. 1476.

Pijan be{e za v ko{ da go krenat. (MNU 4978). He was so drunk, he had to be carried in a basket. Pijanio nemat pari za bri~ewe, a imat za piewe. (MNU 4984). The drunkard can't afford to shave himself, but he can afford a drink. Pijanio se valka kako sviwata vo kalta. (MNU 4985). The drunkard wallows in the mud like a pig. Pijaniot ne}i turkawe, oti sam si pa|a vo kalta. (MNU 4986). The drunkard does not need to be pushed, as he falls in the mud of his own accord. Pijanicata sade }ev terat, a decata bez leb sedat. (MNU 4990). A drunkard has fun, but leaves his children in fear and trembling for bread. Pijanstvoto e od ~umata polo{o. (MNU 4993). Drunkenness is a greater evil than the plague. Piper v o~i ne mu davat, ne pari da mu dait. (MNU 4999). He wouldn't throw pepper in his eyes, let alone give him money. Pita~kata torba nikoga{ ne e polna. (P.D. 2667). A beggar's scrip is never filled. A beggar's purse is bottomless. A beggar's purse is always empty. Plue vo ustata na zmijata. (Se veli za ~ovek {to znae mnogu i na mesto da zboruva.). (MNU 5020). He can spit in the mouth of a snake. (He is
very intelligent).

Po do`do ~umu ti e kla{eniko. (MNU 5073). When the rain has stopped, you don't need th raincoat. When the house is burned down, you bring
water. It is too late to shut the stable-door after the horse has bolted. It is easy to be wise after the event.

1477.

Po |aolot ojt, na boga se molit. (Kav. 2941). He has one face to God and another to the devil. The cross on his breast and the devil in his heart. The
beads in the hand and the devil in capuche. Beads about the neck and the devil in the heart.

1478. 1479.

Po zimata leto, po s'nceto do`d. (Kav. 2944). After winter comes summer, after sun comes rain. After black clouds, clear weather. After a storm
comes a calm.

Po Kra~un krastavici. (Nesvoevremeno.). (MNU 5106). When a thing is done, advice comes too late. It is easy to be wise after the event. When the
house is burned down, you bring water. It is too late to shut the stable-door after the horse has bolted. It is too late to shut the stable-door when the steed is stolen.

1480. 1481.

Po majkata }e ja poznaj{ i }erkata. (Kav. 2970). Like mother, like daughter. Po nara~ano volkot ne jadit. (MNU 5133). The wolf does not eat la

 116 Bone Veli~kovski

1482.

carte. Po radost - neprijatnost. After pleasure comes pain. After joy comes
annoy. After your fling, watch for the sting. No pleasure without pain. Sadness and gladness succeed each other. He that sings on Friday will weep on Sunday. Sorrow treads upon the heels of mirth. Laugh before breakfast, you'll cry before supper. Po svadba topani. (MNU 5169). After wedding the music. When a thing is done, advice comes too late. It is easy to be wise after the event.

1483. 1484. 1485. 1486. 1487. 1488.

Po smeh vik dohad'. (MNU 5179). Sadness and gladness succeed each other. Po smrt boles. (MNU 5180). After death the doctor. It is easy to be wise
after the event. When a thing is done, advice comes too late.

Po smrtta kaewe nemat. (Kav. 3000). Repentance comes too late. Po utroto se poznava denot. You can tell what sort of day it is going to be first thing in the morning. Poaren si da ima{ edno vrap~e v raka odo{to sto da letaat. (MNU 5042). Better a bird in the hand, than a hundred in flight. A bird in
the hand is worth two in the bush. A feather in hand is better than a bird in the air. Better a fowl in hand nor two flying.

1489. 1490.

Poarno bez vera, odo{~o bez leb. (Kav. 2867). Better to be without religion, than to be without bread. Poarno v selo xorbaxija, odo{~o v grad }umurxija. (Kav. 2871). Better a rich man in the village, than a garbage collector in the big city. Better be first in a village than second at Rome. Better be the head of the yeomary than the tail of the gentry.

1491. 1492. 1493.

Poarno da dava{ odo{to da saka{. (MNU 5024). It is better to give than to receive. Better give than take. It is more blessed to give than to receive. Poarno da ostane otkolku da ne stigne. Better leave than lack. Poarno da si na ovcite gla, otkolku na gojadata opa{ka. (Kav. 2879). Better to be at the head of sheep, than at the tail of bovines. Better to
be at the head of cats, than at the tail of lions. Better be the head of a dog than the tail of a lion. Better be the head of an ass than the tail of a lion. Better be the head of a lizard than the tail of a lion. Better be the head of a mouse than the tail of a lion. Better be the head of a pike than the tail of a sturgeon.

1494. 1495.

Poarno da ti zavidit, a ne da te `alat. (MNU 5025). Better be envied than pitied. Poarno da ti izlezit edno oko, otkolku lo{ zbor (lo{o ime). (Kav. 2882). Better to have one eye gouged out, than earn a bad name. He
that has an ill name is half hanged. Ill deemed, half hanged. An ill wound is cured, not an ill name.

1496.

1497. 1498.

Poarno deneska da mi dai{ leb i sol odo{to utre leb i {e}er. (MNU 5026). Give me today bread and salt, than bread and sugar tomorrow. Poarno deneska leb i soq, odo{~o utre pe~ena koko{ka. (Kav. 2884). Better bread and salt today, than roast chicken tomorrow. Poarno e da bidi{ glaa na ma~kite odo{to opa{ka na arslanite.

 117 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1499. 1500.

1501.

(MNU 5027). Better to be at the head of cats, than at the tail of lions. Poarno e da prosi{ otkolku da krade{. Better beg than steal. Poarno e da ti zavidit, a ne da te `alat. Poarno et da ti zaviduat, odo{to da te `alat. (MNU 5025, 5036). Better to be envied than pitied. Poarno e sol i leb sos slatka lakrdija, a ne mnogu manxi sos lo{i lafove. (MNU 5031). Better to eat bread and salt and crack the odd joke, than to eat rich dishes and hear ill-chosen words. Dry bread is better
with love than a fat capon with fear. Better an egg in peace than an ox in war.

1502. 1503.

Poarno eden prijateq, otkolku eden ~ivlig. (Kav. 2890). Better one good friend, than a huge estate. Poarno eden umen du{man da ima{ odo{to sto prijateli budali. (MNU 5030). You are better off with one intelligent enemy, than a hundred fools as friends. Better an open enemy than a false friend. Nothing worse than a
familiar enemy.

1504. 1505.

Poarno et da ima{ ime ~esno o{to mnogu strebro. (MNU 5033). Better an honourable reputation than heaps of silver. A good name is better
than riches. A good name is better than gold. Good name is better than a good face.

1506.

Poarno et da se slizni{ so noga odo{to so zbor. (MNU 5034). Podobro e da se slizne{ na pat otkolku so jazik. Better a slip of the foot, than a slip of the tongue. (Sirah 20, 18 / Ecclesiasticus 20, 18). Poarno et da si veruva{ tvoite o~i, odo{to tu|i re~oi. (MNU 5035). Believe nothing of what you hear, and only half of what you see.
Seeing is believing; feeling is the naked truth. One eyewitness is better than ten hear-so's.

1507.

Poarno i bez ve~era da legni{, otkolku bor~lija da stani{. (Kav. 2892). Better to go to bed without dinner, than get up in debt. Better
to go to bed on an empty stomach, than get up in debt. Better go to bed supperless than to rise in debt.

1508. 1509. 1510. 1511. 1512. 1513.

Poarno i prazna torba, odo{~o zmija v torba. (Kav. 2896). Better an empty bag, than one with a snake in it. Poarno leb i sol da jadi{ odo{to doma da se kara{. (MNU 5039). Better to eat bread and salt, than roast lamb with quarrels. Poarno nekoga{, otkolku nikoga{. (Kav. 2901). Better late than never. It is not lost that comes at last. Poarno nepraina da trpi{, otkolku nepravo (krivo) da praj{. (Kav. 2902). Better to endure injustice, than commit it. Poarno ne{~o, otkolku ni{~o. (Kav. 2903). Something is better than nothing. Half a loaf is better than no bread. Better some of a pudding than none of a
pie.

Poarno o~ite da izlezat na ~oeka o{to lo{o ime. (MNU 5041). Better to have your eyes gouged out, than earn yourself a bad name. He that
has an ill name is half hanged.

 118 Bone Veli~kovski

1514.

Poarno prijateq blizu da ima{, odo{~o brat daleku. (Kav. 2910). A near neighbour is better than a far-dwelling kinsman. Better is a neighbour
that is near than a brother far off. All is well with him who is beloved of his neighbours. A good friend is my nearest relation. A good neighbour, a good morrow.

1515. 1516.

1517. 1518. 1519. 1520. 1521. 1522.

Poarno so umen da pla~i{ odo{to so ulav da se smei{. (MNU 5043). Better to grieve with a thoughtful person, than laugh with a fool. Poarno staromu pod bradata (da si) od {~o mladomu pod streata. (MNU 5043). Better to be under the beard of an old man, than under the eaves of a young man. Poarno suv leb so mir, otkolku pe~eno jagne so kavga. (Kav. 2917). Better to eat dry bread in peace, than roast lamb with quarrels. Poarno tvoe jajce odo{to tu|o kokov~e. (MNU 5045). Better your own egg, than someone else's chicken. Poarno tri dni petel, otkolku sto godini koko{ka. (Kav. 2918). Better three days as a rooster, than a hundred years as a hen. A man of straw
is worth a woman of gold.

Pobaraj mnogu, da dobie{ malku. Ask much to have a little. Poblag da mi doj{ (da mi ida{) /t.e. poretko da ide/. (Kav. 2921). A rare guest is always welcome. Poblizu do o~ite, poblisku do srceto; podaleku od o~ite, podaleku od srceto. (Kav. 2922). Out of sight, out of mind. Far from eye, far from heart. Seldom seen, soon forgotten. Salt water and absence wash away love.
Long absent, soon forgotten. What the eye doesn't see, the heart doesn't grieve over.

1523. 1524. 1525.

1526.

1527. 1528. 1529. 1530.

1531.

Poblisku do crkvata, podaleku od boga. (Kav. 2923). The nearer the church, the farther from God. He has one face to God and another to the devil. Poveruva, za{to Me vide. Bla`eni se koi ne videle, a poveruvale. Seeing is believing; feeling is the naked truth. (Jovan 20, 29 / John 20, 29). Pove}e vredi zdravjeto i snagata otkolku celoto bogatstvo na ovoj svet. Health is better than wealth. (Sirah 30, 15 / Ecclesiasticus 30, 15). Pogolem zalak kasni, pogolem zbor ne re~i. (MNU 5067). Pogolem k'saj k'sni, pogolem zbor ne progori. (Kav. 2931). Better take a big mouthful, than talk a lot of nonsense. Pod volot bara tele. (Kav. 2934). He looks for a calf under an ox. Pod volot tele ne se barat. (Kav. 2935). Look not for a calf under an ox. You go to an ass for wool. Look not for musk in a dog's kennel. Pod Sonceto ni{to ne e sovr{eno. (P.D. 2743). There is nothing new under the sun. Nothing new under the sun. Podajte mu go carevoto na carot, a Bo`joto na Boga! Render unto Caesar the things, which are Caesar's. (Matej, 22, 21 / Matthew 22, 21; Marko 12, 17 / Mark 12, 17; Luka 20, 25 / Luke 20, 25). Podaleko od o~i, podaleko od srce. (Nedeq. str. 185). Far from eye, far from heart. Out of sight, out of mind.

 119 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1532.

1533.

1534. 1535. 1536. 1537. 1538. 1539. 1540. 1541. 1542. 1543. 1544.

Podobar e sosedot vo blizina, otkolku bratot daleku. A near neighbour is better than a far-dwelling kinsman (brother). (Poslovici 27, 10 / Proverbs 27, 10). Podobra e mudrosta otkolku ja~inata. Wisdom is better than strength. (Propovednik 9, 16 / Ecclesiastes 9, 16; Poslovici 24, 5 / Proverbs 24, 5). Podobro da ima{ ne{to o{to da nema{ ni{to. (MNU 5072). Better to have something than nothing at all. Podobro da se spre~i otkolku da se le~i. Good watch prevents misfortune. A stitch in time saves nine. Podobro e da kine{ ~evli otkolku ~ar{afi. Better wear out shoes than sheets. Podobro e da si prv v selo otkolku posleden v grad. Better be first in a village than second at Rome. Podobro e `ivo ku~e, otkolku mrtov lav. (P.D. 2754). Better to be a dog alive than a dead lion. Poe}e slu{aj odo{to da zborua{. (MNU 5088). Hear and see and say nothing. Wide ears and a short tongue. Hear much, speak little. He that would live
in peace and rest, must hear, and see, and say the best.

Poe}e slu{aj o{to zboruj. (MNU 5089). Hear much, speak little. Hear
and see and say nothing.

Poj}e vervi im na o~ite, odo{~o na ustite. (Kav. 2946). Seeing is believing; feeling is the naked truth. Poj}e o~i, poj}e gqavet, (poarno gqavet). (Kav. 2949). Four eyes see more than two. Two eyes can see more than one. Poj}e se udajle v ~a{a, otkolku v more. (Kav. 3050). More men drowned in a glass than in see. More people have drowned in the wine of glass
than in the sea.

Poj}e umrele od jadewe i pijawe, odo{~o od glad i `ed. (Kav. 2950). More died from overeating and drinking, than from hunger and thirst. More men died from overeating and drinking than from hunger and thirst.
Bacchus hath drowned more men than Neptune.

1545. 1546. 1547. 1548.

Pokanal gosti so polojna usta. (Kav. 2953). He invited his guests only through half his mouth. Pokori mu se (pokloni mu se) na |aolot, duri da go pomini{ mostot. (Kav. 2961). Bow to the devil till you are safe across the bridge. Call
the bear 'uncle' till you are safe across the bridge.

Pokrien g . . . nikoj ne go plukat. (MNU 5107). Pokrijan g'z nikoj ne go pquvat. (Kav. 2958). Nobody spits in covered backside. A close
mouth catches no flies. Into a shut mouth flies fly not.

Pokrieno mleko ma~ki ne go lokat. (MNU 5108). Pokrijanoto mleko ma~ki ne go loket. (Kav. 2959). Cats don't lap covered milk. Pokrieno mleko muvite ne go pquvet. (MNU 5109). A covered milk

 120 Bone Veli~kovski

1549. 1550. 1551. 1552. 1553.

catches no flies. Pokrieno mleko ne go jadi peso. (MNU 5110). Dogs don't eat covered meat. At open doors dogs come in. Pole okato, gora u{ata. (MNU 5116). Fields have eyes, and woods have ears. The day has eyes, the night has ears. Walls have ears. Poleka no sigurno. Slow but sure. Fair and softly goes far. Poleka, da daleko; ne brzaj, oti brzata ku~ka slepi ku~iwa ra|a. (MNU 5115). Slow but sure, for the hasty bitch brings forth blind whelps.
Haste makes waste. Too hasty burned his lips.

1554. 1555. 1556. 1557. 1558. 1559.

Polesno e da se ka`e otkolku da se napravi. (P.D. 2783). Easier said than done. Polesno i' e na kamilata da (po)mine niz igleni u{i, otkolku na bogatiot da vleze vo Bo`joto Carstvo. It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than it is for a rich man to enter the kingdom of heaven. (Matej 19, 24 / Matthew 19, 24; Luka 18, 25 / Luke 18, 25). Polo{o od mrza ni{~o nemat na vekov. (Kav. 2966). Idleness is the mother of all vice. Idleness is the root of all evil. Polo{o se~it zborot, odo{~o no`ot. (Kav. 2967). The tongue cuts sharper than the sword. The tongue is sharper than the knife. The tongue is not
steel, yet it cuts.

Pomina zimata, ~umu ti je gunata. (MNU 5126). After meat, mustard.

After dinner, mustard. After death the doctor.

Pomo`i si sam i Gospod da ti pomo`it. (Kav. 2981). God helps those who help themselves. Get thy spindle and thy distaff ready and God will
send thee flax.

Ponekoga{ i `enata treba da se poslu{a. A woman's advice is no great thing, but he who won't take it is a fool. Ponisko tovari, povisoko pej. (Kav. 2984). Lower load your donkey and high sing your song. An ass endures his burden, but not more than his burden.
It is not the burden, but the overburden that kills the beast. Take no more on you than you're able to bear.

1560. 1561.

1562. 1563. 1564. 1565.

Pop bez popadija ne e blagodaren od popua~kata. (MNU 5140). A priest without a wife is unhappy in his vocation. Pop i kalu|er ni davat, za{to imat pu dve r'ki: s adnata zimat, s drugata blagoslavjat. (MNU 5143). A priest or a monk cannot give, as he only has two hands - one for blessing, and the other for taking. Pop od dale~na zemja, podobro ~ita molitva. (P.D. 2804). A prophet is not without honour save in his own country. Pop {to gleda za v xeb, ne gleda za narod. (MNU 5164). A priest who looks at your pocket, does not care for people. Poparen od mleko, duat i od ma{tenica. (MNU 5136). Scalded by hot milk, he now cautiously blows on yoghurt. Popareno ku~e i od do`d se pla{it. (Kav. 2986). A scalded dog is scared of the rain. A scalded dog fears cold water. A scalded cat fears cold water.
A burnt child dreads the fire.

 121 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1566.

1567. 1568. 1569. 1570. 1571. 1572. 1573. 1574.

Popo ako e pijan, ostanuat zeto i nevestata nedoven~ani. (MNU 5151). If the priest is drunk, the bride and groom will have an incomplete wedding ceremony. Popo go klade v xeb. (MNU 5152). The priest put him in his pocket (i.e. he died). Popu popovo, caru carevo. (P.D. 2810). Render unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's. Every man should take his own. Popuj, pope, ama i pooruj! (MNU 5161). Even though he is a priest, he still works. Poseaja veter, i }e po`neat bura. They that sow the wind shall reap the whirlwind. (Osija 8, 7 / Hosea 8, 7). Poslednite }e bidat prvi. The last shall be the first. (Matej 19, 30 / Matthew 19, 30). Postaro e utroto od ve~erta. (Kav. 3003). Night is the mother of counsel. To take counsel of (consult with) one's pillow. Poten ru~eg sekoga{ e poblag. (Kav. 3006). No sweet without some sweat. Potkadi go |avolot duri da go mine{ mostot. (P.D. 2822). Flatter the devil till you are safe across the bridge. Call the bear 'uncle' till you are safe
across the bridge. Once on shore, we pray no more. The river past and God forgotten. The danger past and God forgotten.

1575. 1576. 1577. 1578. 1579. 1580. 1581. 1582. 1583. 1584.

Potta e beri}et (beri}etlija). (Kav. 3008). No sweet without some sweat. Poubo od doma nigde nemat. (Kav. 3010). There is no place like home.
East, west, home's best. Home is home, though it be never so homely. An Englishman's home is his castle. One's own hearth is gowd's worth.

Po~etokot e polovina od sekoja rabota. (P.D. 2831). A good beginning makes a good ending. Well begun is half done. The first blow is half the
battle.

Po~ni najprvin pred svojata ku}a. (P.D. 2833). Sweep before your own door. If every man would sweep his own doorstep the city would soon be
clean.

Prav kako ja`e v torba. (MNU 5201). He is as straight [just] as a rope in a bag. Pravednikot }e `ivee od verata. The just shall live by faith. (Rimjani 1, 17 / Romans 1, 17). Pravednite }e ja nasledat zemjata. The meek will inherit the earth. (Psalmi 36, 29 / Psalms 36, 29). Pravi kako {to velam, a ne kako {to pravam jas. Do as I say, not as I do. Pravinata ne se boj ni od vladikata. (MNU 5196). Not even a bishop can corrupt Truth. Pravinata sekoga{ izleguva na videlina. (P.D. 2844). Truth is

 122 Bone Veli~kovski

1585. 1586. 1587. 1588. 1589. 1590. 1591. 1592. 1593.

mighty and will prevail. Truth will out. Pravio se smeit, krivio se kriet. (MNU 5200). The just man laughs, the false man hides. Pravi{ od muvata slon. (P.D. 2846). He changes a fly into an elephant.
To make a mountain out of a molehill.

Prazna bo~va mnogu yve~it. (Kav. 3015). Praznata ~upka sekoga{ tropat (yve~it). (Kav. 3019). Empty barrel makes the greatest sound. Praznite sadovi najsilno tropkaat. (P.D. 2850). Empty vessels make the greatest sound. Empty vessels make the most sound. Prazno vre{~e prosto ne stojt. (Gladen ~ovek ne mo`e ni da raboti ni da `ivee.). (MNU 5215). An empty sack cannot stand upright. Empty
sacks will never stand upright. Without Ceres and Bacchus, Venus grows cold.

1594. 1595.

1596. 1597.

Prainata poj}e svetit i od s'nceno. (Kav. 3034). Truth outshines the sun itself. Prvata qubov e poslatka i od med. (P.D. 2860). No love like the first love. Of soup and love, the first is the best. Prvite ~ekori se te{ki (najte{ki). (Kav. 3039). It is the first step that is difficult. The greatest step is that out of doors. Every beginning is hard. Prvo is~isti si go svojot dvor, posle baraj od drugite. (P.D. 2868). Sweep before your own door. If every man would sweep his own doorstep the city would soon be clean. Prvo operi ja me~kata, posle prodaj ja ko`ata. (Kav. 3041). First kill the bear, then sell off its skin. First catch your hare, then cook him. Pred smrtta ne ka`uvaj za nikogo deka e sre}en, za{to duri na svojot kraj }e se vidi kakov bil ~ovekot. Praise no man till he is dead. (Sirah 11, 28 / Ecclesiasticus 11, 28). Call no man happy till he dies. Pred smrtta site se isti. Death makes equal the high and low. All's
alike at the latter day: a bag of gold and wisp of hay. The end makes all equal.

Prekalen svetec i bogu ne e drag. (Nedeq. str. 189). A tempered saint is not dear even to God. The nearer the church, the farther from God. He
has one face to God and another to the devil. Cabbage twice cooked is death. Take heed of reconciled enemies and of meat twice boiled.

1598. 1599. 1600. 1601. 1602.

Prekutrupa e poblisku, a nekoga{ podaleku. (P.D. 2876). He that leaves the highway to cut short, commonly goes about. Who leaves the old
way for the new, will find himself deceived.

Pri nogu babi kilavo dete izliza. (MNU 5260). Where there too many midwives the child is born with hernia. Too many cooks spoil the broth. Prijatel bidi mi, ama v kese ne posigaj mi. (MNU 5245). Be my friend, but don't reach into my purse. Prijatelo vo nu`da se poznaat, a ne vo svadba. (MNU 5249). A friend in need is known, not at wedding. A friend in need is a friend indeed. A
friend is never known till a man have need.

Prijatelo se poznaa vo nu`da, kako strebroto vo ogon. (MNU 5250). Fire is the test of gold; adversity of friendship. Fire is the test of gold.

 123 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

Gold is tried in the fire.

1603. 1604. 1605. 1606. 1607.

1608. 1609. 1610.

1611. 1612. 1613. 1614. 1615. 1616. 1617. 1618. 1619. 1620. 1621.

Prijatelot e poprivrzan od brat. A good friend is my nearest relation. (Poslovici 18, 24 / Proverbs 18, 24). Prijatelot e treben vo nu`da. (MNU 5252). A friend in need is a friend indeed. Prijateq bez fajde (bez pomo{) du{man se vikat. (Kav. 3059). An unhelpful friend is really an enemy. Prijateqstvoto go prajt `iotov ubav. (Kav. 3062). Friendship makes the world beautiful. Prirodata na site ni' dala eden jazik, a dve u{i, da ne' potseti malku da zboruvame, a pove}e da slu{ame. (P.D. 2907). Nature has given us two ears, two eyes and but one tongue; to the end we should hear and see more than we speak. Prodaj si go pesot, laj sam. (Kav. 3065). Sell your dog, and you have to bark yourself. Prodaj si ko{ulata i plati si vergijata. (MNU 5266). Sell your shirt so you can pay your taxes. Prorokot ne e bez ~est, osven vo svojata tatkovina i vo svojot dom. A prophet is not without honour save in his own country. (Luka 4, 24 / Luke 4, 24; Matej 13, 57 / Matthew 13, 57; Marko 6, 4 / Mark 6, 4; Jovan 4, 44 / John 4, 44). Protiv smrtta nema lek. (P.D. 2914). There is a remedy for everything but death. Pru`i si nozete sproti jorgano. (MNU 5276). Stretch your legs according to your coverlet. P't so odewe (se svr{it), bor~ so pla{~awe. (MNU 5315). He who pays his debts begins to make a stock. Out of debt, out of danger. Pticite od istiot rod, ~esto letaat zaedno. (P.D. 2917). Birds of a feather flock together. Likeness causes liking. Like will to like. Puknato grne m'~no se lepit (nikako ne se lepit). (Kav. 3078). A cracked bell can never sound well. Pusta pustelija vo ku}ata od pijanica. (MNU 5289). The house of the drunkard is a wasteland. Pusta rabota, {to }e ~eka{ od pijanica. (MNU 5291). A shoddy job - what else can you expect from a drunkard? Pustata zavis, od siromav um ne}i. (MNU 5292). A jealous man will not take the advice of a poor man. Pu{kata do sebe, (a) `enata pri sebe (dr`i si ja). (MNU 5296). A horse, a wife, and a sword may be showed, but not lent. Pu{ti go petelot v ku}i, da za na polica sam }e se ka~it. (MNU 5299). Let the rooster into the house, and he will climb up your shelf. Pu{ti mu go prstot, }e ti ja fati rakata. (P.D. 2923). Give a clown

 124 Bone Veli~kovski

1622. 1623. 1624.

your finger, and he will take your hand. Give him an inch and he'll take an ell. Pu{~aj si 'i noyete, kouku {~o ti je ~ergata. (Kis. 8). Stretch your legs according to your coverlet. Stretch your arm no further than your sleeve will
reach.

Pu{~i go budalata na vojska, ta sedni `ali go (t'`i go). (Kav. 3080). Send the fool into the army, then sit at home and weep for him. Pu{~i si noyete kolku ti e pokrivot. (MNU 5303). Stretch your legs according to your coverlet. R

1625.

Rabotaj da jaj{, kri da ima{. (Kav. 3089). Rabotaj na mladost, kri za starost. (Kav. 3090). Work to eat, hide to have. Work in youth, hide for old age. Spare when you're young and spend when you're old. For age and want
save while you may: no morning sun lasts a whole day. Make ample provision for old age. Keep something for a rainy day. Lay up against a rainy day. Keep something for him that rides on the white horse.

1626. 1627. 1628. 1629. 1630.

Rabotata go krasi ~oeka, a mrzata go gnasi. (MNU 5319). Work adorns a person, whereas laziness makes him hideous. Idleness is the mother
of all vice. Idleness is the root of all evil. By doing nothing we learn to do ill.

Rabotata go falit majstorot. (Kav. 3093). The work shows the workman. Rabotata et od Boga blaosovena. (MNU 5321). He that labours has the God's blessing. Rabotata {to }e vati{, krajot da i' go misli{. (MNU 5324). Better never to begin than never to make an end. Let him that beginneth the song
make an end.

1631. 1632. 1633. 1634. 1635. 1636. 1637.

Raboti kako za sto godini da `ivee{, a misli kako za utre oti }e umri{. (MNU 5326). Work as if you'd live a hundred years, and think as if you'd die tomorrow. Raboti kako kow, se inati kako kamila. (MNU 5327). He works like a horse, but he's as stubborn as a camel. Radosta na bogatite e taga na siroma{nite. The pleasures of the mighty are the tears of the poor. Tears of the poor. Razbirat kolku magare od k'ntar (od muzika). (Kav. 3099). His understanding is as good as a donkey's appreciation of music. Razdeli, pa vladej. Divide and rule. Rani ku~e da te lae. (MNU 5348). Rani ku~e da te lait. (MNU 5349). Breed up a dog and he will bark at you. Breed up a crow and he will tear
out your eyes. He has brought up a bird to pick out his own eyes.

Rani lo{a ~elad da te kolnit. (MNU 5347). Breed up evil children and they will curse you. To nourish a snake (viper) in one's bosom. Rani ~avka da ti 'i iskquvkat o~ite. (Kav. 3110). Feed the crows so that they can pick your eyes.

 125 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1638. 1639. 1640. 1641.

Rano pile rano pee. (MNU 5352). The early bird sings ealy in the morning. The early bird catches the worm. The morning hour has gold in its mouth. The
Muses love the morning.

1642.

'R|ata go jade `elezoto. Rust eats up iron. Iron not used soon rusts. Re~i mu ago, da mu e drago. (B.D.). Call him Sir, so that he should be glad of it. 'R`an lebec da jadam, ama na tu|ina da ne odam. (MNU 5380). I'd rather eat rye bread than go to a foreign land (Macedonians traditionally regarded eating rye bread as a sign of poverty). Ribata v more, klal tavata na ognot. (MNU 5392). He put the frying pan on the fire before he had caught the fish. Never fry fish till it's caught.
Don't sell the bear's skin before you have caught him. Do not count your chickens before they are hatched. Count not four, except you have them in the wallet. Do not halloo till you are out of the wood. Don't cross the bridge till you come to it. It is not good praising a ford till a man be over.

1643. 1644. 1645.

Ribata vo more (do koga e) ne se pazarit. (MNU 5394). If the fish is still in the sea, don't bargain over it. Ribata i gostinot se usmrduvaat po tri dena. (B.D.). Fish and guests stink after three days. Fresh fish and new-come guests smell in three days. A constant guest is never welcome.

1646. 1647. 1648. 1649. 1650. 1651. 1652. 1653.

Ribata od glaata se smrdvit. (MNU 5395). Ribata od glavata sa osmrdove. (MNU 5396). The fish always stinks from the head downwards. Fish begins to stink at the head. Ribata tripati pliva: vo voda, maslo i vino. (B.D.). Fish must swim thrice. Rikalo edno magare, koj go slu{a. (MNU 5399). A donkey was braying, but no one paid attention. Rim ne e izgraden za eden den. Rome was not built in a day. Rodi me so kasmet, ta frli me na buni{te. (MNU 5413). Give a man luck and cast him into the sea. Ruba krase, ruba gnase. (MNU 5420). It is not the gay coat that makes the gentleman. The cowl does not make the monk. Ruvo krasit, ruvo gn'sit. (Kav. 3133). The coat makes the man. The coat doesn't make the man. It is not the gay coat that makes the gentleman. The
cowl does not make the monk.

Runo volna dala selanka, za da kupi oka jabolki. (MNU 5421). Set a cow to catch a hare. Ruti{~ata go praet ~veka bogat, aq' siromav. (Kav. 3134). The coat makes the man. Apparel makes the man. The garment makes the man. Fine feathers make fine birds. Dress up a stick and it does not appear to be a stick. S

 126 Bone Veli~kovski

1654. 1655. 1656. 1657. 1658. 1659. 1660. 1661. 1662. 1663.

Sam Gospod se ~udi, koga gleda pop da la`i i da kradi. (MNU 5455). When He sees a priest who robs and steals, God himself is amazed. Sam si sviri, sam si igra: koj go gleda mu se ~udi. (MNU 5473). To everyone's amazement, he plays on his own, and dances to his own tune. Sam ~oek i vo raj ne go prilega. (MNU 5475). It wouldn't be right for a person to be alone, even in paradise. Samo Gospo znai {to e arno i lo{o. (MNU 5460). God is the only one who doesn't deal in lies. Samo si jadi i si pre`iva, kako volo koa da le`i. (MNU 5464). He just eats and lives like a lazy bull. Samo stori se ovca, v'lcite se gotoj. (Kav. 3156). Become a sheep, and you'll see how ready, willing and able the wolves become. Svadba bez gajda na mrtoec prilega. (MNU 5485). A wedding without bagpipes resembles a funeral. Svadba i mrtoec bez lu|e ne biduat. (MNU 5488). Weddings and funerals are impossible without people. Svetec da bidi{, pak treba da raboti{ i Boga da moli{. (MNU 5492). Even if you were a saint, you would still need to work and pray. Sveto e merdiven: edni se ka~uat, a drugi slevat. (MNU 5500). The world is a ladder for some to go up and some down. Thus fareth the world, that
one goeth up and another goeth down. In the world, who knows not to swim goes to the bottom.

1664. 1665. 1666. 1667. 1668. 1669. 1670. 1671. 1672.

Sve}ata im sveti na drugite, a se tro{i samata. A candle lights others and consumes itself. Sviwata jala ne jala, pak si ro{kat po |ubreto. (P.D. 3036). It is hard to break a hog of an ill custom. Sviwata koga }e se najade, }e go prevrti koritoto. When the pig has had a belly full, it upsets the trough. Svoi kamewe sebe po glavata. (MNU 5516). His own rocks were thrown back at his own head. Svoja ku}a, svoja popradalnica. (MNU 5517). One's own hearth is gowd's worth. East, west, home's best. Home is home, though it be never so homely.

1673.

Se' vo svoe vreme. (P.D. 3113). Everything has its time. Se' e dobro {to dobro }e zavr{i. All's well that ends well. Se zavrtvit kako voda vo re~ina. (MNU 5547). He meanders along like a river, never stopping anywhere. Se zarekla vo petok da ne raboti, a vo sabota da kradi. (MNU 5552). She made a religious vow not to work on Fridays, but she stole on Saturdays. Se zatresla gora, se rodilo gluv~e. The mountains have brought forth a mouse.

 127 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1674. 1675. 1676. 1677. 1678. 1679. 1680. 1681. 1682.

Se zatr~al ko `drebe pred kobila. (Kav. 4243). He ran like a colt before its mother. Don't put the cart before the horse. Se' ima granica. There is a limit to everything. Se' ima svoe doba. There is a time for everything. (Propovednik 3, 1 / Ecclesiastes 3, 1). Se' mo`i{ da kupi{ za pari, samo zdravje ne mo`i{. (MNU 5649). You can buy everything, except natural good health. Se naquti na magareto, (a) se natu{i na samarot. (MNU 5656). He that cannot beat the ass beats the saddle. He that cannot beat the horse beats the
saddle.

1683. 1684. 1685. 1686. 1687. 1688. 1689. 1690. 1691. 1692.

Se opijanila kozata, ta go pobarala v'lkot da se boret. (Kav. 3278). The goat got drunk and challenged the wolf to a fight. Se pla{i od svojata senka. He is afraid of his own shadow. Se posmeal }elaiot na krastaiot. (MNU 5682). The bald laughed at the scabby. The pot calls the kettle black. Se posmeal ~erepot na {utarot. (MNU 5681). Se posmeal 'rbol na {~rbol. (MNU 5680). The kettle calls the pot black-brows (burnt-arse). The pot calls the kettle black. Se provre i ova nedela, kako glu{ec niz dupka. (MNU 5688). And this week slipped by as well, exactly as a mouse slipping through a hole. Se rodil, sade da jadi i da pie i kako goedo da `ivee. (MNU 5696). He was born to eat and drink, and live like an animal. Se' si e so vreme. (P.D. 3121). There is a time for everything. Everything
has its time.

Se smejt denot na no}nata rabota. (Kav. 3297). An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. Se' so vreme bi`xat. (Kav. 3300). There is a time for everything. Everything has its time.

Se stori gro{ot zolata. (Kav. 3301). The penny saved became a pound. A penny saved is a penny gained. Penny and penny laid up will be many.
Sparing is the first gaining.

Se' }e bidit, i nikoj ne }e vidit. (Zna~i odre~en odgovor.). (MNU 5720). All things will be, but we won't be around to see it. Se falit - ne palit. (Kav. 3311). A barking dog never bites. Barking
dogs seldom bite. His bark is worse than his bite. Great barkers are no biters. Brag's a good dog, but dares not bite.

1693. 1694.

Se' {to bilo pominalo i {to }e bidi }e pominit. (MNU 5728). Whatever was, has passed, and what will be, will also pass. Se' {to sakate da vi pravat lu|eto, pravete im i vie taka. DO unto others as you would they should do unto you. (Matej 7, 12 / Matthew 7, 12; Luka 6, 31 / Luke 6, 31). Do as you would be done by. Se' {to sveti, ne e zlato. (P.D. 3129). All that glitters is not gold. Sega se nao|am me|u dva ogna. (P.D. 3132). I am between two fires.

 128 Bone Veli~kovski

Between the hammer and the anvil.

1695.

1696. 1697. 1698. 1699. 1700. 1701.

Seedno e dali e ma~kata crna ili bela, samo da lovi gluvci. (P.D. 3147). No matter whether the cat is black or white, it only matters if she catches mice. A black hen lays a white egg. Seko ku~e doma si lait. (MNU 5632). Every dog is a lion at home. Sekoe grne si saka svojata poklupka. (MNU 5566). Every pot has its cover. Sekoe drvo se poznava po plodot. (P.D. 3154). A tree is known by its fruit. Sekoe zafa{~awe e te{ko. (Kav. 3216). Every beginning is hard. Sekoe za{to ima svoe zatoa. (B.D.). Every why has its wherefore. Sekoe zlo za dobro. (Kav. 3217). Sekoe zlo, ima svoe dobro. (P.D. 3155). Ill luck is good for something. Nothing so bad in which there is not
something of good. Nothing but is good for something. No great loss but some small profit. There is bad which brings good.

1702. 1703. 1704. 1705. 1706. 1707. 1708. 1709. 1710. 1711. 1712. 1713. 1714. 1715.

Sekoe znaewe e bogatstvo. (P.D. 3157). Every knowledge is wealth. Sekoe ku~e pred portata si lae. (MNU 5568). Every dog is valiant at his own door. Every dog is a lion at home. Sekoe magare svojot tovar si go nosit. (Kav. 3218). Every donkey carries his own burden. Let every pedlar carry his own burden. Let every pedlar
carry his own pack. Every man has his cross to bear. Every heart has its own ache.

Sekoe petle na svoeto buni{te si pee. (MNU 5574). A cock is bold on his own dunghill. Sekoe selo svoj adet (zakon). (Kav. 3220). Sekoe selo svoj zakon (si imat). (MNU 5576). Every land has its own law. So many countries, so
many customs.

Sekoe ~udo za tri dni. (Kav. 3221). All wonders last three days. Sekoj vodeni~ar si ja vrti vodata na svoja vodenica. (B.D.). Every miller draws water to his own mill. Sekoj go nosi svojot krst. (P.D. 3163). Every man has his cross to bear. Every heart has its own ache. Sekoj da si metit pred porta. (MNU 5599). Everyone should sweep their own porch. Sweep before your own door. Sekoj den bez nasmevka e izguben den. (P.D. 3164). The day is lost on which you did not laugh. Sekoj den Veligden ne biva. (MNU 5600). It is impossible for every day to be as joyous as Easter. Christmas comes but once a year. Every day is not
Sunday.

Sekoj e kova~ na svojata sudbina. (P.D. 3166). Every man is the architect of his own fortune. Sekoj e potcenet vo tatkovinata, pa bilo da e toj i prorok. (P.D. 3167). A prophet is not without honour save in his own country. Sekoj za sebe, a Gospod za site nas. (B.D.). Every man for himself and God for us all.

 129 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1716. 1717. 1718. 1719. 1720. 1721. 1722. 1723. 1724. 1725. 1726.

Sekoj zn'jt ke go nabivjat (stegvit) opinokot (kondurot). (Kav. 3237). No one but the wearer knows where the shoe pinches. Sekoj kamen na mesto si te`it. (MNU 5605). Every stone has its own burden. Every heart has its own ache. Every man has his cross to bear. Sekoj kau|er ne mo`it da bidit egumen. (MNU 5606). Not all monks can become abbots. Sekoj koj pravi zlo ja mrazi svetlinata. He that does ill hates the light. (Jovan 3, 20 / John 3, 20). Sekoj na svoeto si e ubav. (P.D. 3171). Each bird loves to hear himself sing. Sekoj petel na svoeto buni{te pee. (P.D. 3174). Every cock crows on his own dunghill. A cock is bold on his own dunghill. Every man is a king in
his own house.

Sekoj po~etok e te`ok. (P.D. 3176). Every beginning is hard. Sekoj pred svojata ku}a metit. (Kav. 3243). Every man should sweep before his own house. If every man would sweep his own doorstep the city would
soon be clean.

1727. 1728. 1729. 1730.

1731.

1732. 1733.

Sekoj prijatel ti biduat za od tebe koga da dobivat. (MNU 5613). Everyone wants to be your friend when there is something to get from you. Sekoj sam se bendisal. (MNU 5616). Each bird loves to hear himself sing. Sekoj sam si znajt kade go stiskat ~eolot. (Sekoj sam si znae kakva maka si ima.). (MNU 5617). Everyone knows best where his own shoe pinches. Everyone knows where the shoe pinches. Sekoj samo um ti prodat, a nikoj ne ti pomogvit. (Kav. 3245). Everyone is generous with advice, but no one offers any real help. Sekoj si e so svojot krst na ~elo. (P.D. 3181). Every man has his cross to bear. Every heart has its own ache. Sekoj si kroj so ar{ino svoj. (MNU 5620). Don't judge every one by your own measure. Sekoj siromav sakat da se obogatit, a bogat ne}i da se osiroma{it. (MNU 5622). Every poor man wants to get rich, but no rich man wants to become poor. Sekoj so umot se bogateat, za da stori ne{to na vekov. (MNU 5625). Everyone enriches their mind to do something worthwhile with their lives. Sekoj starec i znalec. (P.D. 3183). Every old man is a wise man. If you
wish good advice, consult an old man.

Sekoj treba da si ja gleda svojata rabota; Sekoj neka ostane onakov kakov e povikan! Every man must walk in his own trade. (I Korintjani 7, 20 / I Corinthians 7, 20). Every man must walk in his own calling. Every man as
his business lies.

1734.

Sekoj }e go nosi svoeto breme. (Galatjani 6, 5 / Galatians 6, 5). Every

 130 Bone Veli~kovski

1735.

1736. 1737. 1738. 1739. 1740. 1741. 1742. 1743. 1744. 1745. 1746. 1747. 1748. 1749. 1750. 1751.

man shall bear his own burden. Sekoj }e ja primi svojata nagrada spored svojot trud. As the work, so the pay. (I Korintjani 3, 8 / I Corinthians 3, 8; II Korintjani 5, 10 / II Corinthians 5, 10; Otkrovenie 22, 12 / Revelation 22, 12). Sekoj ~evel ne e za sekoja noga. Every shoe fits not every foot. Sekoja boles si ima i lekot. (MNU 5580). A disease known is half cured. A danger foreseen is half avoided. Sekoja vistina ne se ka`uva. All Truths are not to be told. Sekoja vre}a si ima svoja zakrpa. (B.D.). Every Jack must have his Jill. There is not so bad a Gill, but there's as bad a Will. Sekoja krava svoeto tele go li`it. (Kav. 3224). Every cow licks her own calf. Sekoja motika vle~e kon sebe. (P.D. 3190). Every spade draws earth to itself. Every miller draws water to his own mill. Sekoja ovo{ka na vreme si zdreit. (MNU 5591). All fruit ripen in their own time. Sekoja olxica ne e za sekoja usta. (Kav. 3226). Not all spoons are for all mouths. Sekoja planina si ja znae svojata te`ina. (P.D. 3192). Every mountain has its own weight. Every heart has its own ache. Every man has his cross to
bear.

Sekoja p~ela ne berit med. (MNU 5596). Not all bees gather honey. Sekoja Ciganka svoeto sito si go fali. Every pedlar praises his needles. Selo gorit, baba se ~e{lat. (MNU 5638). Granny combs her hair while the village burns. Selo fali v grad sedi. (P.D. 3202). Praise the village, but keep in city.
Praise the sea, but keep on land. Praise the hill, but keep below.

Sestra sestra m'`it. (Kav. 3306). A sister marries her sister. Like mother, like daughter.

1752. 1753.

1754. 1755.

Seti se, ~oveku, deka si prav, i deka vo pravta }e se vrati{. (P.D. 3207). All are of the dust, and all turn to dust again. Seto more matenica - za nas pa nema la`ica. (Za razo~arenieto {to nastapuva po neostvareni nade`i.). (MNU 5715). If the sea turned into soup, with my luck, I won't have a spoon. Se~it so zborot kako sabja. (MNU 5724). He cuts with the tongue like a saber. Si go ne}el da go sretne{ na patot, on ti do{ol na katot. (MNU 5741). You'd rather not bump into him in the street, yet he comes to your very doorstep. Si imat kru{a opa{ka. (Kav. 3325). Every pot has its cover. Si na{ol selo bez ku~iwa, {etaj si i bez stap. (MNU 5769). He found a village without dogs, so he passed through it without a stick.

 131 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1756. 1757. 1758. 1759. 1760. 1761. 1762. 1763.

Sila bez um sama se upropastvit. (Kav. 3333). Power without intelligence is self-destructive. Sina `eni koga saka{, }erka m'`i koga moj{ (ko }e moj{). (Kav. 3337). Marry your son when you will, your daughter when you can. Siromav od arami ne se pla{it. (Kav. 3345). The poor do not fear the thief. Siromav pred bogat samo si mol~it. (MNU 5778). The poor man is always silent before the rich man. Siromav ~vek - gotov |aol. (Kav. 3346). An idle person is the devil's cushion. Siromav ~ovek - `iv |avol. (P.D. 3233). Poverty is the mother of all arts. Siromajot i vo raj }e sedi podolu od bogatiot. (MNU 5782). The poor man will still have less status in heaven than the rich man. Siromajot od jangan ne berit gajle, ~unki vetvata ruguzina ne mu gorit. (MNU 5783). The poor man is not afraid of fire, for all he has is his old straw carpet. He that has nothing needs fear to lose nothing. You cannot lose
what you never had. A man cannot give what he hasn't got. Where nothing is, the king must lose his right.

1764. 1765. 1766. 1767. 1768. 1769. 1770. 1771. 1772. 1773. 1774.

Siromasite so du{a 'i ~ekaat postite. (MNU 5785). The poor look forward to Lent. Siromaf koga zbori, nikoj pravo ne mu dava. (Nedeq. str. 187). A poor man's tale cannot be heard. The reasons of the poor weigh not. Of two disputants, the warmer is generally in the wrong.

Siroma{tijata et od boles polo{a. (MNU 5788). Poverty is worse than sickness. Siroma{tijata ja strav da vlezi u `ena rabotnica. (MNU 5789). Poverty is scared of the industrious woman. Siroma{~ija i ka{lica ne mo`et da se skrijet. (Kav. 3348). Poverty and coughs cannot be hid. Siroma{~ija(ta e) usilna. (MNU 5790). Poverty is the mother of all arts. The belly teaches all arts. Hunger is the teacher of all arts. Necessity is the
mother of invention.

Siroma{~ijata ne e grev. (Kav. 3352). Poverty is no disgrace. Siroma{~ijata ne e stram, tuku kradeweto. (Kav. 3353). Poverty is not a shame; but the being ashamed of it is. Sit gladen ne veruva. (MNU 5796). He whose belly is full believes not him who is fasting. Site lu|e se smrtni. All men are mortal. It is as natural to be born as to die.
He that is once born, once must die. All that lives must die.

Site negovi guski se lebedi. All his geese are swans. The grass is always
greener on the other side of the fence. Our neighbour's cow yields more milk than ours. Our neighbour's ground yields better corn than ours.

 132 Bone Veli~kovski

1775. 1776.

1777. 1778. 1779. 1780.

Site reki te~at vo moreto. All rivers run into the sea. (Propovednik 1, 7 / Ecclesiastes 1, 7). Site stanaa od prav i se vra}aat vo pravot. All are of the dust, and all turn to dust again. (Propovednik 3, 20; 12, 7 / Ecclesiastes 3, 20; 12, 7). Sitiot gladnego ne vervit (oti e gladen). (MNU 5807). He whose belly is full believes not him who is fasting. Little knows the fat man what the
lean does mean.

1781. 1782.

1783. 1784. 1785. 1786. 1787. 1788.

Skopvit prasiwa, samo da mu viket "majstore". (Kav. 3361). He became a pig gelder so that people would call him "maestro". Sk'p na tricite, evtin na bra{noto. (Kav. 3362). Penny wise and pound foolish. Spare at the spigot, and let it out at the bung-hole. Skr`aviot e sluga na svoeto bogatstvo, a ne toa nemu. A covetous man serves his riches, not they him. The rich are rather possessed by their money than possessors. Skr`aviot za nikogo ne e dobar, a najlo{ e za sebe. A covetous man is good to none but worse to himself. Skr`aviot i sviwata se dobri samo po nivnata smrt. He is like a swine, he'll never do good while he lives. A covetous man does nothing that he should till he dies. Skr`aviot nikoga{ ne se nasituva. Skr`aiot leb arno ne se najaduat. (MNU 5818). The miser is always in want. Skr`aiot leb arno ne se najaduat. (MNU 5818). The miser is always in want. Slaboto `drebe mo`e da porasne vo dobar kow. A ragged colt may make a good horse. Wanton kittens make sober cats. Slaboto ku~e sekoj go davi. (Nedeq. str. 187). The poor man is aye put to the worst. Slavej~eto od j'zikot si patit. (Kav. 3365). The tongue talks at the head's cost. A fool's tongue is long enough to cut his own throat. Sladkata duma otvara zlatnata vrata. (MNU 5826). Slatkata re~ i `elezna vrata otvarat. (MNU 5829). A soft word opens golden gates. Full of courtesy, full of craft. Lip-Honour costs little, yet may bring in much.
Civility costs nothing. Good words cost naught. A man's hat in his hand, never did him any harm. Kind words go a long way.

1789.

1790. 1791. 1792.

Slezi, Gospodi, nazemi i vidi {to se prait. Slezi, Gospodi, od nebesi i nayri, da da vidi{ {to se prai nazemi. (MNU 5832, 5833). Come down from heaven, O Lord, and take a glance at what's happening on earth! Slep slepca vodit. (MNU 5840). A blind leads the blind. If the blind lead
the blind, both shall fall into the ditch.

Sli~noto sli~no lekuva. Like cures like. Sli~noto so sli~no se privlekuva. Like will to like. Likeness causes liking. Birds of a feather flock together.

 133 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1793. 1794. 1795. 1796. 1797. 1798. 1799. 1800. 1801. 1802. 1803. 1804. 1805. 1806. 1807. 1808. 1809. 1810. 1811. 1812. 1813. 1814.

Slonot ne fa}a muvi. (P.D. 3284). Eagles don't catch flies. Slu{aj {~o zborvit popon, a ne praj to {~o prajt toj. (Kav. 3373). Do as the friar says, not as he does. Do as I say, not as I do. Smeeweto e dobro za zdravjeto. (P.D. 3287). The heart's mirth does make the face fair. Smetka bez kr~mar ne se pravi. He that reckons without his host must reckon twice. Smrtta ater ne gledat. (MNU 5850). Death does not inconvenience itself. Smrtta i Propasta ne mo`at da se zasitat. Hell and destruction are never full. (Poslovici 27, 20 / Proverbs 27, 20). Smrtta ne opitvit ~i si. (Kav. 3381). Death does not look at your pedigree. Smrtta ne pra{uva star i mlad. (P.D. 3294). All's alike at the latter day: a bag of gold and wisp of hay. The end makes all equal. Smrtta ne pra{uet. (MNU 5852). Death keeps no calendar. Sneg na s'nce ne trae. (MNU 5853). Snow does not last long in the sun. So bogat ne sudi se, so rogat ne bori se. (Kav. 3390). Don't go to the courts against a rich man. So budala ne se prajt {aka, (ne se terat {ega). (Kav. 3392). Don't banter with a fool. So vikawe "med", ne se nasladuva ustata. It is not with saying Honey, Honey, that sweetness will come into the mouth. So vila orei ne se nosat. (MNU 5858). You can't shovel walnuts with a pitchfork. So vreme vistinata izleguva na videlina. Time tries truth. Time is the
father of truth. Truth is time's daughter.

So vreme gluv~eto na dve go kine ja`eto. A mouse in time may bite in two a cable. So vreme i j'guridata med se prajt (pekmez se prajt). (Kav. 3393). Time and straw make medlars ripe. With time and art the leaf of the mulberrytree becomes satin.

So vreme se' }e se otkrie. Time discloses all things. (Matej 10, 26 / Matthew 10, 26; Marko 4, 22 / Mark 4, 22). Time will tell. So vrzan hrt zaec ne se lovi. (MNU 5861). You can't hunt rabbits if your hound is tied. So gladni ku~iwa ovci ne se vardet, (stado ne se vardit). (Kav. 3395). You can't protect a flock of sheep with hungry dogs. So |aol rod ne prai se. (MNU 5870). Don't make the Devil your relation. So eden direk ku}a ne se krepit. (MNU 5871). A house cannot be built with one pillar only.

 134 Bone Veli~kovski

1815. 1816. 1817. 1818. 1819. 1820. 1821. 1822. 1823. 1824. 1825. 1826. 1827.

So edna lasto'ica ne idet leto. (MNU 5872). So edna lastojca prolet ne idit. (MNU 5873). One swallow does not make a summer. So edna ovca ba~ilo ne biduat. (MNU 5874). You can't have a dairy farm with one sheep only. So edno drvo ba{~e ne se prajt. (MNU 5877). One tree makes no garden. So edno mavnuvawe drvo ne se se~it. (MNU 5878). An oak is not felled at one stroke. Many strokes fell great (tall) oaks. So edno mawe d'b ne se urivat, (ne padinat). (Kav. 3409). An oak cannot be felled with one blow of the axe. So edno pile prolet ne biduat. (MNU 5879). One swallow does not make a summer. So edno cve}e leto ne idit. (MNU 5880). One flower makes no garland. One swallow does not make a summer. So zborovi ne se polnat ko{ei. Many words will not fill a bushel. So zboroj piqav ne se prait, oti saka oris i mas. (MNU 5883). You can't make pilaf with words - you need rice and butter. Good words fill
not a sack. Fair words fill not the belly. Many words will not fill a bushel.

1828. 1829. 1830. 1831. 1832. 1833. 1834. 1835. 1836.

So zimbiq Gospod ne pu{~at od nebeto. (MNU 5884). God does not concentrate blessings in one place. So igla bunar ne se kopa. (MNU 5887). You can't dig a well with a needle. So inka um ne se turat. (MNU 5892). You can't pour knowledge into someone's head with a funnel. So kakva merka merite, so takva }e vi se (od)meri. And with what measure you meet, it shall be measured to you again. (Matej 7, 2 / Matthew 7, 2; Luka 6, 38 / Luke 6, 38). So kovawe se stanuva kova~. Practice makes perfect. Use makes mastery. So kogo si, takov si. (Kav. 3423). Tell me with whom thou goest, and I'll tell thee what thou doest. A man is known by the company he keeps. So kola zajak da fati{. (MNU 5895). He caught the rabbit by the foot (i.e. he was very cunning). So ku~e v torba (ili vo vre}a) ne vleguj. (MNU 5897). I wouldn't get into a sack with a dog. So la`icata me rani, so ra~kata mi kopa o~i. He covers me with his wings, and bites me with his bill. So maslo ogin ne se gasne. Pouring oil on the fire is not the way to quench it. So nepravewe ni{to, nau~uvame da pravime lo{o. By doing nothing we learn to do ill. Idleness is the mother of all vice. So ogan {ega ne bi`xat ({aka ne se prajt, ne se igrat. (Kav. 3435). Don't play with fire. So opitvewe duri Stambol se odit. So pra{ajne i Stambol se

 135 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

nao|at. So pra{uewe duri v Stambol oj{. (MNU 5921, 5932, 5933). By asking you go all away to Istanbul. If you keep asking for the way, you can
arrive as far as Istanbul. Nothing is lost for asking.

1837. 1838.

1839. 1840. 1841. 1842. 1843. 1844. 1845. 1846. 1847. 1848.

So pot poblaga e ve~erata. (Kav. 3443). No sweet without some sweat. So svoeto jadi, pi, davawe-zemawe ne praj. (MNU 5942). So svoj ~oek jadi i pi, ala{-veri{ ne praj. (MNU 5945). Eat and drink with a relative, but avoid doing business. Business is business. So sila qubov nema. Love cannot be compelled. Fanned fires and forced
love never did well yet.

So sila 'rt na lov ne odit. (MNU 5951). You can take a horse to the water, but you can't make him drink. So sila ubavina nema. (P.D. 3355). Love cannot be compelled. Fanned
fires and forced love never did well yet.

So strplivost se' se postignuva. Patience overcomes all things. So tvoj kamejna po tvoja glaa. (MNU 5972). With your stones at your own head. The tongue talks at the head's cost. A fool's tongue is long enough to cut
his own throat.

So tvojata palica po tvojata glavica. (MNU 5971). With your stick at your own head. The tongue talks at the head's cost. A fool's tongue is long
enough to cut his own throat.

1849. 1850. 1851. 1852. 1853. 1854. 1855. 1856. 1857.

So tebe jajt i pijat, zad tebe grobot ti go kopat. (Kav. 3465). He eats and drinks with you, and digs your grave behind your back. So ubavi zborovi ne se polnat xepovi. Fair words fill not the belly. Fine words butter no parsnips. So umo ~oek gre{aa, so glaata si trga. (MNU 5980). The tongue talks at the head's cost. A fool's tongue is long enough to cut his own throat. So ustata med i maslo (leit), a vo srceto (poln e so) pelin i strav. (MNU 5981). From his mouth honey and oil are pouring, but his heart is full of bitterness (bitter weeds) and fear. So ~u`x kow pobrgu se ojt. (Kav. 3476). A hired horse tired never. So ~u`xi r'ce zmi se fa{~at (lojt). (Kav. 3478). It is good to strike the serpent's head with your enemy's hand. So ~u`xi r'ce lesno se fa{~at vreno `elezo. (Kav. 3479). Take the chestnuts out of the fire with the cat's paw. Sovr{enata qubov go izgonuva stravot. Perfect love casteth out fear. (I Jovan 4, 18 / I John 4, 18). Sol i sovet se davaat samo koga ti baraat. Do not offer salt or brains.
Help you to salt, help you to sorrow.

Sonot e brat na smrtta. Sleep is the brother of death. Sonot e ogledalo na smrtta. Sleep is the image of death. Sonceto greit i na lepe{ka. (MNU 5916). The sun also shines on cow dung. Sonceto da ne zajde vo va{iot gnev. Never let the sun go down on your

 136 Bone Veli~kovski

anger. (Efesjani 4, 26 / Ephesians 4, 26). Let not the sun go down upon your
wrath.

1858. 1859. 1860. 1861. 1862. 1863. 1864. 1865. 1866. 1867. 1868. 1869. 1870. 1871. 1872. 1873. 1874.

Sonceto nad site isto izgreva. The sun shines upon all alike. (Matej 5, 45 / Matthew 5, 45). Sonceto ne gree istovremeno od dvete strani na ogradata. The sun does not shine on both sides of the hedge at once. Sos edin kamen ku}a ne se prave. (MNU 5947). You can't build a wall by one stone only. Sos kakva mera meri{, sos takva }e ti merat. (MNU 5955). Judge not, that ye be not judged. Sos kakvi se sobere{, takov }e bide{. (MNU 5956). A man is known by the company he keeps. Spoznaj se samiot sebe si. Know thyself. Sproti agata i bak{i`ot. (Kav. 3484). Suit the gift to the man in authority (bakshish - in this case a gift offered as a bribe). Sproti bijolot (volot) i ostenot (i jaremot). (Kav. 3487). Suit the yoke to the bull. Sproti vera i ve~era. (MNU 5992). Like faith, like dinner. Like saint,
like offering.

1875. 1876. 1877. 1878. 1879. 1880.

Sproti svetecot i praznikot. (MNU 5997). Sproti svetecot i sve}ata. (MNU 5998). Like saint, like offering. Sram `ena ne zima. (MNU 6000). Faint heart never won fair lady. Srebrenicite nabavuvaat se'. Money answers all things. (Propovednik 10, 19 / Ecclesiastes 10, 19). Srebroqubieto e koren na sekakvi zla. The love of money is the root of all evil. (I Timotej 6, 10 / I Timothy 6, 10). Money is the root of all evil. Sre}ata e promenliva. Fortune is variant. Sre}ata im pomaga na hrabrite. Fortune favours the brave (bold). Sre}ata tropa samo edna{ na se~ija vrata. Fortune knocks once at least at every man's gate. Opportunity never knocks twice at any man's door. Stapovite i kamewata mo`at da mi skr{at koskite, no zborovite nikoga{ nema da me povredat. Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me. Star v'lk z'bi ne menvit. (Kav. 3510). An old wolf does not change teeth. Stara magarica, (a) crvena podopa{nica (nosit). (MNU 6017). Put not an embroidered crupper on an ass. My old mare would have a new crupper. Starata qubov ne 'r|osuva. (P.D. 3423). Old love doesn't rust. Old love
will not be forgotten.

Starata qubov ne se zaborava. Old love will not be forgotten. Of soup

and love, the first is the best.

Stariot grev nosi nov sram. Old sin makes new shame. Starite prijateli i staroto vino se najdobri. Old friends and old

 137 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1881. 1882. 1883. 1884. 1885. 1886. 1887. 1888. 1889.

wine are best. Starite se dvapati deca. Old men are twice children. Starjot vol poarno orat. (Kav. 3511). An old ox makes a straight furrow. Starjot prijateq poaren e od dvajca novi. (Kav. 3514). Old friends and old wine are best. Staro dreo ne se presadvit. (Kav. 3519). An old tree cannot be replanted. Staro ku~e ko da lajt, trebit da vidi{ {~o e. (Kav. 3520). If the old dog barks, he gives counsel. Staro sum drvo, ama i kako nof obru~ se vitkam. (Nedeq. str. 189). I am an old tree, but I bend like a new one. Better bend than break. All
that shakes falls not.

Starost - gotova bolest. Old age is sickness of itself. An old man is a bed
full of bones.

1890. 1891.

1892. 1893. 1894. 1895. 1896. 1897. 1898. 1899. 1900.

Sto dram k'smed, sto oka taksirat. (Kav. 3530). One hundred grams of good luck, one hundred kilograms of misfortune. Sto stapoi po tu| g... tebe ne te bolat. (MNU 6057). A hundred rods across someone else's backside will not hurt you; but one across your own will. Stomnata kataden ojt na voda, a eden den }e se skr{it. (MNU 6049). The pitcher goes so often to the well that it is broken at last. Stori arno, (stori dobro), frli go v more. (Kav. 3540). Napraj dobro i v more vrli go. (MNU 4077). Do a favour, but throw it in the sea. Stori toa {to druga{ ne storil. (MNU 6056). He did what he had never done before - he died. St'paqka po st'paqka duri Stambol se ojt. (Kav. 3557). Step by step, you will at last arrive in Istanbul. Strav lozje ~ua. (MNU 6060). Fear keeps the garden better than the gardener. Fear keeps and looks to the vineyard, and not the owner. Stram dupka ne rani. (Itar treba da bide.). (MNU 6064). Faint heart never won fair lady. Stram so sapun ne se mijat. (Kav. 3549). Soap will not wash away shame. Stramotata sedit vo bezrabotata. (MNU 6067). Shame sits on the idle. Idleness is the mother of all vice. Idleness is the root of all evil. By doing nothing we learn to do ill.

Strogite vladeteli ne vladeat dolgo. The strong rulers make short governance. Strplivosta e doblest. Patience is a virtue. Strplivosta e najdobar lek. Patience is a remedy for every grief. Patience is a plaster for all sores. Patience is the best remedy.

 138 Bone Veli~kovski

1901. 1902. 1903. 1904. 1905. 1906.

Studeni race toplo srce. Cold hands, warm heart. A cold hand and a
warm heart.

Suv leb da jadam samo tu|ina da ne odam. Dry bread at home is better than roast meat abroad. Suv leb da jadam, ama mrza da nemam. (MNU 6076). Let me eat stale bread, but don't let laziness come near me. Suvo dreo list ne pu{~at. (Kav. 3560). A withered tree will not put out leaves. Sudbi bo`ii neispitani. (MNU 6079). That's how the Fates wrote out his destiny. Sueta nad suetite, se' e sueta! Vanity of vanities, all is vanity. (Propovednik 1, 2 / Ecclesiastes 1, 2). T

1907. 1908. 1909.

Tagata i radosta odat raka pod raka. Sadness and gladness succeed each other. (Poslovici 14, 13 / Proverbs 14, 13). Tajnata e premala za eden, dovolna za dvajca, premnogu za trojca. A secret is too little for one, enough for two, too much for three. Three may
keep counsel if two be away. Two may keep counsel if one be away.

1910. 1911. 1912. 1913. 1914. 1915. 1916.

Takovcite jadea kiselo grozje, a na sinovite zabite im fa}aat oskomina. The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the children's teeth are set on edge. (Ezekiel 18, 2 / Ezekiel 18, 2). Taman go nau~iv magareto da ne jajt, to cojsa. (Kav. 3574). Just as I had taught the donkey to go without food, it died on me. Taman siromajot se vati na tanec, se skina tapanot. (MNU 6118). Just as the poor man joined the dance, the drum burst. Tapani da buaat i ne se razbuduat pijaniot. (MNU 6123). Even loud drums will not wake the sleeping drunkard. Tatarite sam}im go brkaat. (Mnogu vjasa da raboti.). (MNU 6125). He works at such speed, you'd think the Tartars were after his head. Tatkoini brkotini sinoini sirotini. (MNU 6130). If fathers behave badly, their sons will be left poor. The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and
the children's teeth are set on edge.

1917. 1918.

Tatkoto jal jaguridata na decata }e im skominaat zabite. The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the children's teeth are set on edge. Tatkoto koga }e mu delit stokata na decata, ne treba na edno da davat so grs i na drugo so prs. (MNU 6137). When a father divides the inheritance, he mustn't give with handful to one child, and with a finger to another. Tvarot e lesen na ~u`xi ple{~i. (Kav. 3580). A burden is always lighter on another person's back. Te prevrla od edna planina na druga. (Itro{tina ti prodava.).

 139 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1919. 1920. 1921.

1922. 1923. 1924. 1925. 1926. 1927. 1928. 1929.

1930. 1931. 1932. 1933. 1934.

(MNU 6158). He tosses you from one mountain to another with his cunning. Temnica mu et na aramijata i sonce koga ogrevat. (MNU 6154). Even when the sun is shining, it is still dark for the thief. Terzijata so zakrpeni be~vi (ruti{~a) ojt. (Kav. 3588). The tailor goes with mended clothes. Terzijata so zakrpeno ali{te odit, a grn~aro so skr{eno grne. (MNU 6166). The tailor wears patched clothes, and the potter drinks out of a cracked jug. Te{ka rana ozdravua, ama te{ka re~ ne se zaboraa. (MNU 6168). A deep wound heals, but a heavy word is not forgotten. Te{ko i gorko na toj ~oek {to e od umot lesen. (MNU 6170). Woe to the mindless man! Te{ko koj e bolen i skuden. (MNU 6172). Woe to whoever is sick and in want! Te{ko na taa ku}a bez `ena. Woeful is the household that wants a woman. Te{ko na taa ku}a kade{to koko{kata pee, a petelot jajca kva~i. It is a sad house where the hen crows louder than the cock. Te{ko na toa magare {to ne mo`e da si go nosi svojot tovar. 'Tis a sorry ass that will not bear his own burden. Te{ko na toj {to e sam. Woe to him that is alone. Te{ko na toj {to sakat da imat mnogu pari i te{ko na toj {to ne}it i~ da imat. (MNU 6174). Woe to the person who wants a lot of money, and woe to the person who doesn't want any. Te{ko tebe, zemjo, koga ti e carot premlad! Woe to thee, O land, when thy King is a child! (Propovednik 10, 16 / Ecclesiastes 10, 16). Te{tata i snaata se pekol vo ku}ata. Mother-in-law and daughter-inlaw are a tempest and hail storm. Ti ako me vati{ za glaa, jas }e te vatam za brada. (MNU 6177). If you grab my head, I'll grab your beard. Ti go pquva{, a toj mislit od Gospoda rosica. (Kav. 3606). You spit in his face, and he thinks it is a gentle shower from God (i.e. he is and
incorrigible optimist).

1935. 1936. 1937.

Ti mu veli{: sum ad'm, toj te pra{a: kolku deca ima{. (MNU 6198). You tell him: "I'm not married." He asks: "How many children do you have?" Ti re~i: {e}er, jas da re~am: med, i }e se ujdisame. (MNU 6204). You sey "sugar" and I'll say "honey", and then we'll both be laughing (come
to an agreement).

Tivkata voda e dlaboka. Still waters run deep. Titiz (skr`av) tatko, aramja sin. (Kav. 3622). A miserly father

 140 Bone Veli~kovski

1938. 1939. 1940. 1941. 1942.

makes a prodigal son. Titizot (skr`aviot) i koga umirat ne prajt arno (dobro). (Kav. 3621). The miser is always in want. Toa {~o nemat i carot ne jajt. (MNU 6215). Where nothing is, the king must lose his right. Where nought's to be got, kings lose their scot. A man
cannot give what he hasn't got. He that has nothing needs fear to lose nothing.

Toj kolit, toj besit. (MNU 6222). He's the boss - he hangs, draws and quarters. Toj {to go buri~kat medot, }e si 'i lizne prstite. (MNU 6231). Whoever mixes the honey with his hands, will inevitably lick his fingers. Toj {to zboruva {to saka, mora da slu{a i toa {to ne saka. (P.D. 3595). Whoever says what he likes, will hear what he doesn't like. He that
speaks the thing he should not hears the thing he would not. He who says what he likes shall hear what he does not like.

1943.

Toj {to ne slu{a postar }e ostanit prostak. (MNU 6241). Whoever doesn't listen to the elderly, will remain ignorant. He who doesn't hear the
councils of the elderly people will remain an ignorant. If you wish good advice, consult an old man.

1944. 1945. 1946. 1947. 1948.

1949. 1950. 1951. 1952. 1953. 1954. 1955. 1956.

Toj {to nema stram nema ni grev. (MNU 6237). The person who knows no shame, lacks compassion as well. Toj {to nikoga{ ne bil ~irak, ne mo`e da bide majstor. He can ill be a master that never was a scholar. Toj {to pita gladen ne ostanuat. (MNU 6243). The lame tongue gets nothing. He that cannot ask, cannot live. Dumb men get no land. Toj {to rano stanua i Gospod mu pomagat. (MNU 6244). The morning hour has gold in its mouth. The Muses love the morning. Tolku arno go znam toj ~oek, {to duri zabite kolku mu se mu 'i znam. (MNU 6251). I know him so well, that I know the exact number of teeth in his head. Torbata na pita~ot so ni{to ne se polnit. (MNU 6258). The bag of the beggar is bottomless. Traj (za) da naj{ raj. (MNU 6265). Be still, and have thy will. Traj, du{o, za da najdi{ raj. (MNU 6266). Patience overcomes all things. Patient men win the day. Suffer and expect. Trgni go - na nos, turni go - na g'z. (Kav. 3641). Pull him - he falls on his nose; push him - he falls on his bum. Trgovec e i onoj {to dobiva i toj {to gubi. He that loses is merchant as well as he that gains. Treba da se bide umeren vo se'. Moderation in all things. Trendafilot imat trn~iwa i ~oekot imat gajliwa. (MNU 6278). The rose has thorns, and a person has worries. Tri `eni i edna guska cel pazar. Three women and a goose make a market. Many women, many words; many geese, many turds. Where there are
women and geese, there wants no noise.

 141 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1957.

1958. 1959. 1960. 1961. 1962. 1963. 1964. 1965. 1966. 1967. 1968. 1969. 1970. 1971. 1972. 1973. 1974. 1975. 1976.

Tri ne{ta (se) nevozmo`ni: do neboto skala ne se prai, na moreto poklopka ne se klava i na smrtta nema zamenka. (MNU 6287). Three things are impossible: a ladder that goes all the way to heaven; a lid that would cover all the ocean; and a human being escaping from death. Tripati meri, edna{ se~i. Measure thrice what thou buyest; and cut it but once. Trista lakrdii za para. (MNU 6289). Three hundred carryings-on for a mere dollar! Trkaloto na sre}ata postojano se vrti. Fortune's wheel is never stopped. Not only ought fortune to be pictured on a wheel, but every thing else in
the world.

Trn grozje ne ra|a. (MNU 6291). Plant the crab-tree where you will, it will never bear pippins. Trne na nozete ne ti klaov, ni `ar na papokot. (MNU 6293). I have neither put a thorn in your leg, nor ashes (embers) on your stomach. Trweto, i da ne 'i sei{, }e niknat, a p~enica saka maka. (MNU 6298). Weeds grow naturally, whereas wheat requires toil and effort. Trpe` mu e majkata. (Kav. 3656). Patience is the mother of salvation. Trpenie spasenie. (Nedeq. str. 192). Bear and forbear. Trpenieto od murenkov list (od list od murenka) prajt koprina. (Kav. 3658). With time and art the leaf of the mulberry-tree becomes satin.
Time and straw make medlars ripe.

Trskana se vitkat sproti vetrot. (Kav. 3663). Oaks may fall when reeds stand the storm. Trudbenikot ja zaslu`uva svojata plata. The labourer is worthy of his hire. (Luka 10, 7 / Luke 10, 7). Trudot e imawe. (Kav. 3664). No pains, no gains. Trudot nikogo nikoga{ ne postramotil. (Kav. 3665). Labour and effort never brought shame to anybody. Tu|ata koko{ka e pogolema od na{ata misirka. (MNU 6319). Someone else's hen is bigger than our own turkey. Someone else's hen is always plumper than your own turkey.

Tu|ata koko{ka pogolemi jajca snesla. (MNU 6320). Someone else's hen has laid bigger eggs. Tu|ina vali - sam ne odi. (MNU 6321). Praise foreign lands, but don't go there yourself. Tu|inata e za siromav bel obraz. (MNU 6323). Migrating to a foreign land is for a poor man in disgrace. Tuku klapa kako volk vo magla. (MNU 6333). He howls like a wolf in the mist. Tuku klapa kako kako besen pes po sokaci. (MNU 6332). He howls like a mad dog in the alleyways.

 142 Bone Veli~kovski

1977.

Tutun sitos ne dr`it. (MNU 6361). Smoking never totally gratifies. ]

1978. 1979. 1980. 1981. 1982. 1983.

]arot i zararot bra}a se. (MNU 6363). Profit and loss are brothers. ]arot i zijanot se bra}a. (MNU 6364). He that loses is merchant as well as he that gains. Profit and loss are brothers. ]e gi prekovaat me~evite vo plugovi. They shall beat their swords into ploughshares. (Isaija 2, 4 / Isaiah 2, 4). ]e go brka duri e `iv. (MNU 6367). He will hunt him down as long as he lives. ]e dojde kolce na trkalce. (B.D.). Fortune's wheel is never stopped.
Not only ought fortune to be pictured on a wheel, but every thing else in the world.

1984.

1985.

]e im platam spored nivnite raboti i spored delata na nivnite race. As the work, so the pay. (Eremija 25, 14 / Jeremiah 25, 14; Matej 16, 27 / Matthew 16, 27; II Timotej 4, 14 / II Timothy 4, 14). ]e ti donesi od devet reki vodi. (Mu se fali od merata nadvor.). (MNU 6424). He is such a braggart, he reckons he'll bring water from nine rivers. ]ela gla lesno se bri~it. (Kav. 3697). It's easy to shave a bald head. U

1986.

U g'n~ara grne nemat. (Kav. 3733). The potter has no pot. U grn~ara novo grne ne sakaj. (P.D. 3723). Don't look for a new pot at the potter's.
Let the cobbler stick to his last. Let not the cobbler go beyond his last. None more bare than the shoemaker's wife and the smith's mare.

1987. 1988. 1989. 1990. 1991.

U sekogo ima lutina, ama blaze na toj, {to ja zauzda. (MNU 6547). There is anger in everyone, but happy is the person who can control it. Anger is a real test for the sensible person.

1992. 1993. 1994.

U sekogo ima misla, ama blaze si mu, koj si ja ima ~ista. (MNU 6548). Everyone has conscience, but blessed are those with a clear one. U sekogo ima pone{to aresno i svesno. (MNU 6549). In everyone there is something good and worthwhile. U sekogo se nao|a po edna para um. (MNU 6552). There is at least a spark of intelligence in everyone. U siromav mrzliv ne baraj pari, vo mesto pari toj si ima vo{ki. (MNU 6554). Instead of money, lice are what you will find in a lazy poor man. Ubaata `ena e ugodna na o~ite, a umnata na srceto. (MNU 6438). The pretty woman gratifies the eyes; the intelligent woman, the heart. Ubavinata brgu minuva. Prettiness dies first. Beauty is but a blossom. Ubavinata kako cve}e ovenuva. Beauty fades like a flower.

 143 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

1995. 1996. 1997. 1998. 1999. 2000. 2001.

Ubavo lice, ludo srce. A fair face, foul heart. Fair without, foul within. Ubaite kru{i gi jadat svinite. (MNU 6441). The worst hog often gets the best pear. Into the mouth of a bad dog often falls a good bone. Ubata stoka sama se prodat. (Kav. 3730). Good ware makes quick markets. Ugnetuvaweto gi pravi mudrite - bezumni. Oppression makes a wise man mad. (Propovednik 7, 7 / Ecclesiastes 7, 7). Ugore visoko, udolu dlaboko. (MNU 6454). It is too high to go up, and too deep to go down. Between the hammer and the anvil. Put not thy hand between the bark and the tree.

Ukasan od zmija, begat i od gu{terica. (MNU 6477). Bitten by a snake, he is now frightened of lizards. Umira~ka - bel obraz. (Kav. 3747). Umira~ka - kurtula~ka od sekoja maka. (MNU 6503). Dying - relief from all misery. At the end of the
game the king and the pawn go into the same bag. Six feet of earth make all men equal.

2002. 2003. 2004. 2005. 2006. 2007. 2008.

2009. 2010. 2011. 2012. 2013. 2014.

Umira~kata ispravjat se'. (Kav. 3750). Death is the great leveller. Umniot e junak, a ne silniot. (Kav. 3753). The intelligent person is the real hero, not the strong person. Umno u~i, da bidit poumno. (MNU 6512). The wise person teaches others to be intelligent. Umot vo glaat stoit, a ne vo kapata. (MNU 6514). The mind is in the head, not in the hat. Umren ~oek prijatel nemat. (MNU 6534). The dead have no friends. Umrenite od nikogo strav nemaat. (MNU 6530). The dead fear no one. Umri, da ako saka{ da te `alam, oti duri si `iv, }e te karam. (MNU 6536). Die, if you want me to mourn, because as long as you live, I will quarrel with you. Ustata prait, ustata rasipuat. (MNU 6562). The mouth creates and the mouth destroys. U~ej}i gi drugite, se u~ime samite. Teaching others teacheth yourself. One learns in teaching. U~i se na mudrosta od ludosta na drugite. Learn wisdom by the follies of others. U{te edna beqa ne pomina, vtasala druga. (MNU 6584). One trouble was scarcely over, when another came. U{~e v'lkot neviden, vikat po ku~iwata. (Kav. 3790). Don't call the dogs till you see the wolf. U{~e z'jakot nefaten izdelkal r'`en. (Kav. 3791). Z'jakot v planina, a toj r'`en gotvit. (Kav. 1105). The hare in the wood, he made a spit.

 144 Bone Veli~kovski

2015. 2016.

U{~e ne videl rekata, (a) slekol ga{~ite. (MNU 6596). Don't take off your shoes (pants) until you come to the river. U{~e nevidena rekata, 'i slekol ga{~ite. (Kav. 3793). Don't undress till you come to the river. Don't cross the bridge till you come to it. F

2017. 2018. 2019. 2020. 2021.

Falba e 'r|a. (MNU 6600). Falbata e krasta. (MNU 6601). A man's praise in his own mouth stinks. He that praises himself spatters himself. He that
is a blab is a scab. Self-praise is no recommendation.

Fatil j'gula za opa{ka (Kav. 3804). He caught an eel by the tail (i.e. he
was very cunning).

Fetenoto e borx. (Kav. 3809). Promise is debt. Frli glista, (ta) da naj{ (ili da izvaj{) j'guqa. (MNU 6625). Through a worm to catch an eel. He, who gives a duck, expects a goose. Frli rip~e, (za) da naj{ (ili izvadi{) krap~e. (MNU 6631). Throw out a sprat to catch a mackerel. Throw out a sprat to catch a salmon (herring, whale). Bait a sprat to catch a herring.

H 2022. Hartijata trpi se'. Paper endures all. Paper won't blush. Pens may blot, but
they cannot blush.

C 2023. 2024. 2025. Car e na `abite. (MNU 6649). He's a king - of frogs! Car se stori, pak ne se blagodari. (MNU 6651). Even though he became king, he was still dissatisfied. Car, kral, kwaz, bogat, siromav, site }e umrime. (MNU 6650). Emperor, king, prince, rich man, poor man - all of us shall die and enter the earth. Cve}e vo gradina sekoj go miluat. (MNU 6655). Everyone loves a flower in the garden. Cve}eto rasti, za ~oekot da go veselit. (MNU 6658). The flower blooms and brings joy to human beings. Celta go opravduva sredstvoto. (B.D.). The end justifies the means. He that wills the end, wills the means. Cojsan kow ne klocat. (Kav. 3824). A dead horse doesn't kick. Crven remen, (a) na gol korem (mev). (MNU 6679). A red belt on a naked belly. Crkvata miet du{ata, a bawata snagata. (MNU 6685). The church cleanses the soul, whereas the baths cleanse the body. Crn piper na bel oriz se solit. (Kav. 3840). Black pepper seasons

2026. 2027. 2028. 2029. 2030. 2031. 2032.

 145 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

2033. 2034. 2035. 2036. 2037.

white rice. Crna bijolica (krava) belo mleko dat. (Kav. 3831). A black cow gives white milk. Crna koko{ka beli jajca nosit. (Kav. 3830). A black hen lays a white egg. Crnata zemja beli poga~i ro`xat. (Kav. 3833). The black earth gives white breads. Crni dni imat, ama i beli imat. (MNU 6687). There are black days, but also white days. Crni r'ce, bela poga~a. (Kav. 3834). Black hands, white cake. ^

2038. 2039. 2040. 2041.

2042. 2043. 2044. 2045. 2046. 2047. 2048. 2049. 2050. 2051. 2052.

^afka so ~afka o~ite ne si vadat. (MNU 6703). Crows will not pick out crows' eyes. ^afkata gulab ne biduat. (MNU 6704). A crow cannot be a pigeon. ^vek vervit vo {~o mu se sakat. (Kav. 3849). We soon believe what we desire. ^vek dvap'ti se prajt doma{en izme}ar: koga e mal i koga }'ostarit. (Kav. 3850). Man is twice home servant: as a child and as an old man. Old men are twice children. ^vek mislit edno, Gospod dat drugo. (Kav. 3857). Man proposes, God disposes. ^vek na ~veka mu e |aol. (Kav. 3858). Man is a devil to his fellow man. ^vek se u~it dur e `iv. (Kav. 3869). ^vek se u~it dur e `iv i pak neu~en umirat. (Kav. 3870). Never too old to learn. Live and learn. ^vekot se vrzvit za j'zik, a volot za rogoj. (Kav. 3864). An ox is taken by the horns and a man by the tongue. ^evlarot sekoga{ odi so skinati ~evli. The shoemaker always goes with shabby shoes. Let the cobbler stick to his last. ^ekan fali, od kalem `ivej. (Kav. 3884). Praise the hammer, but keep on pencil. Praise the sea, but keep on land. Praise the hill, but keep below. ^erep {utarka prekarvit. (Kav. 3887). The pot calls the kettle black.
The kettle calls the pot black-brows (burnt-arse).

^esta e nagrada za doblesta (dobrodetelta). Honour is the reward of virtue. ^esta ne mo`e da se odzeme, taa mo`e samo da se zagubi. (MNP 3905). Honesty may be dear bought, but can never be an ill pennyworth. ^esta ~est nosit. (MNU 6721). Honour brings more honour. ^ivijata ~ivija vadi. (Nedeq. str. 199). ^ivija ~ivija iskaruva. (MNU 6726). One nail drives out another. One poison drives out another. One
devil drives out another. Like cures like.

 146 Bone Veli~kovski

2053. 2054. 2055. 2056. 2057. 2058. 2059. 2060.

^ie lice gqame, to go celivame. (Kav. 3898). Whose face we see, we kiss it. Out of sight, out of mind. Far from eye, far from heart. Seldom seen, soon
forgotten.

^is kako gulab, iter kako |aol. (MNU 6733). Pure as a dove, sly as a devil. Sly as a snake, gentle as a dove. Wise as serpents, and harmless as doves. ^ist esap, bratska qubov. (Kav. 3903). Even reckoning makes dear brotherhood. Even reckoning makes long friends. Short reckonings make long
friends.

^istotata nosi zdravje. Cleanliness brings health. Cleanliness is next to

godliness.

^istotjata e polojna zdravje. (Kav. 3907). Cleanliness is half a health.

Cleanliness is next to godliness.

^ovek bez pari e kako senka bez telo. (P.D. 3926). A man without money is like a shadow without body. A man without money is no man at all. ^ovek se u~i dodeka e `iv. Live and learn. Never too old to learn. Though
old and wise, yet still advise.

2061. 2062. 2063. 2064. 2065. 2066.

^oveko i od `elezoto e pojak. ^oekot e i od jajce poslab. (MNU 6746, 6761). The human being is stronger than iron, and more fragile than an eggshell. ^ovekot ne }e `ivee samo od leb. Man cannot live by bread alone. (Matej 4, 4 / Matthew 4, 4; Luka 4, 4 / Luke 4, 4). ^ove~kite usti ne sa vre}a da 'i zatne{. (MNU 6749). Human mouths are not bags that can be sealed. ^oek verua toa {to poe}e mu se sakat. (MNU 6751). We soon believe what we desire. ^oek se u~i duri da umri, i na se' ne }e se nau~it. (MNU 6775). A person learns till they die, and yet their knowledge remains imperfect. Never
too old to learn. Live and learn.

2067. 2068. 2069. 2070. 2071. 2072.

^oek se u~i so zbor, a me~ka so stap. (MNU 6776). You can teach a human being with words, but for a bear, you need a stick. oek treba da jadi za da `iveit, a ne da `iveit i da jadit. (MNU 6777). A human being has to eat in order to live, but should not live just to eat. oek ~oeku e angel i |aol. (MNU 6778). A human being is both angel and devil. oeko se rodil na vekov, za ne{to da poznait za{to se rodil. (MNU 6758). A person is born to discover his or her purpose in life. oekot e i od kamen pojak. (MNU 6762). The human being is sturdier than a rock. oekot e ~elo na vekov. (MNU 6763). The human being is apex of the world. oekot so pla~ se ra|a, so pla~ umirat. (MNU 6768). The human being is born crying and dies crying. uvat zmija v pazva. (Kav. 3911). To nourish a snake in one's bosom.

 147 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

Breed up a crow and he will tear out your eyes.

2073.

2074.

2075. 2076.

u`x komad poblag e. (Kav. 3918). u`xiot maznik potu~en e. (MNU 6788). u`xoto vino poslatko e. (MNU 6791). Another's pie is sweet. Someone else's wine is sweet. Stolen waters are sweet. Stolen pleasures are sweet. Forbidden fruit is sweet. u`xina fali, sam ne odi (doma sedi). (Kav. 3913). Praise foreign lands, but don't go there yourself (stay at home). There is no place like home. u`xjot kow malu jajt, mnogu nosit (mnogu tr~at, mnogu trgat). (Kav. 3915). Someone else's horse eats little, but carries a lot. A hired horse
is never tired.

un po plitko ne ojt. (Kav. 3925). A ship doesn't go in shallow water.

A great ship asks deep waters.

[ 2077. 2078. 2079. 2080. [aka, {aka, posle lutina i kara~ka. (MNU 6805). One joke after another, yet it all ended in a brawl. [apkata mu et arna, ama glaata mu et prazna. (MNU 6807). The hat looks good on him, but his head is empty. [ega koj se biet, na drugio {egata odit po nego. (MNU 6822). People who scoff at others should never be praised. [iri mi se, me{e, oti }e jadi{ tu|o prase. (MNU 6834). Expand dear stomach, as you're going to eat gourmet food at someone else's expense. [irok ~oek na srce `iveit poe}e godiwe. (MNU 6836). The person with a generous heart lives longer. [iroko srce od se' e blagodarno. (MNU 6835). The generous heart is content with everything. [to deka davala krava mnogu mleko, koga ko klocnuala i go isturala, klae go volkot neka ja davit. (MNU 6854). So what if the cow gives a lot of milk? If she kicks the pail over and spills it, throw her to the wolves! The cow gives a good pail of milk and then kicks it over. [to deka e li~na nekoja nevesta, koga e bezrizi~na. (MNU 6855). So what if the bride is beautiful if she is without good fortune? [to ima u ~oeka vo srceto, toa mu poka`ua i liceto. (MNU 6866). [to izlegua od ustata, toa bilo i vo mislata. (MNU 6865). What the heart thinks, the face shows. Whatever comes out of the mouth has been on the mind. [to mi je ftesen dru|io, ko ne mi raboti k'smeto. (MNU 6874). If you lack good fortune, all your efforts will be wasted. [to najprvin }e se nau~i, najdobro }e se zapameti. What we first learn we best know. Whoso learneth young forgets not when he is old. What youth

2081. 2082. 2083.

2084. 2085.

2086. 2087.

 148 Bone Veli~kovski

is used to, age remembers.

2088. 2089. 2090. 2091. 2092. 2093. 2094. 2095. 2096. 2097. 2098. 2099. 2100. 2101. 2102.

[to ne}i{ tebe da ti praat, ne praj drugemu. (MNU 6883). Do unto others as you would they should do unto you. [to nosit saatot, ne nosit godinata. (MNU 6884). It chances in an hour that happens not in seven years. [to pove}e znaewe, toa pove}e bolki. He that increaseth Knowledge increaseth sorrow. (Propovednik 1, 18 / Ecclesiastes 1, 18). [to ste rekle vo temnina, }e se ~ue na videlina. What is done by night appears by day. (Luka 12, 3 / Luke 12, 3). [to te u~i pop, slu{aj, {to pravi toj - ne pravi. (MNU 6894). Do as the friar says, not as he does. Do as I say, not as I do. [to treba doma ne se nosi v crkva. Charity begins at home. Love your
friend, but look to yourself. Every man is nearest himself.

[to }e bide, neka bide. What must be, must be. Whatever happens, all happens, as it should. No flying from fate. The fated will happen. [to }e re~e{ Mrsulko, re~i Biserko. (B.D.). Instead of saying "Runny Nose", rather say "Pearl Boy". [to }e se{, toa }e ti niknet. (GK, II, str. 180). As you sow, so it will sprout. You will harvest what you have sown. [to }e ~ujat doma, decata ka`uvaat nadvor. What children hear at home, soon flies abroad. The child says nothing, but what it heard by the fire. [to ~ovekot }e posee, toa i }e `nee. As you sow, so you reap. (Galatians 6, 7. Galatjani 6, 7). [uplivite jabolki pocrveni set od zdravite. (MNU 6931). Seldom apples outwardly fair ashes at the core. [uplivite jabolki sami si pa|aat od granka. (MNU 6932). The withered apple falls off the branch by itself. [~o vleglo v lelejka, }e vlezit i v nosilo. (Sekoj {to se rodil i }e umre.). (MNU 6940). All that lives must die. [~o da mu bara{ tragite (na kowo, poarno) broj mu 'i rebrata. (MNU 6945). Don't look for the horse's trace, you'd rather count his ribs. A
stitch in time saves nine. He that repairs not a part builds all. The tailor that makes not a knot loses a stitch. Who repairs not his gutter repairs his whole house.

2103. 2104. 2105. 2106. 2107.

[~o e pisano sve }e bidit. (MNU 6950). No flying from fate. [~o ma~ka stralo, toa glusci loalo. (MNU 6956). That that comes of a cat will catch mice. Cat after kind, good mouse-hunt. He that comes of a hen
must scrape.

[~o mu na usta (na j'zik), to mu i na srce. (Kav. 3967). What the heart thinks, the tongue speaks. Out of the fullness of the heart the mouth speaks.
Heart in mouth, mouth in heart.

[~o mu treba brada, koga nema um u glavata. (MNU 6957). What is the use of a beard, if he has no brains at all. Mickle head, little wit. [~o ne{~o e najlo{o na vekov? Tri raboti: ogan, voda i lo{a `ena. (MNU 6960). Three things drive a man out of his house - smoke,

 149 Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli

2108. 2109. 2110.

rain and a scolding wife. [~o o~i brgo ne vidat, }e zaboravaat. (Nedeq. str. 185). What the eye doesn't see, the heart doesn't grieve over. Out of sight, out of mind. Long
absent, soon forgotten.

[~o si poseal, toa i }e ti niknit. (MNU 6965). You will harvest what you have sown. As you sow, so you shall reap. [~o trezven mislit, to pijan zborvit. (Kav. 3996). What the sober man only thinks, the drunken man says aloud. What soberness conceals, drunkenness reveals. He speaks in his drink what he thought in his drouth.

INDEKS na klu~nite zborovi i pokarakteristi~nite termini atar 252 ater 1797 aforesani usti 1107 afrat 542 axiica 1010; axilak 1056 B baba 4, 345, 1245, 1383, 1397, 1747; mnogu babi 761, 1098, 1599 bav~a 136; bav~anxija 104, 1283; bav~i~ka 1817 badijava 1319, badijala 497; ~ kiselina 97; badijalxija 98 bakaren kotel 563 baklava 509 bak{i{ 1864 bawa 946, 2031 barut 1360 ba~ilo 103, 1816 ba{ka 231 beg 28, 73, 1002; begovi 760 Beganova majka 106 begliska (begli~ka) ~e{ma 1148, 1264 beden 1157 bez alat 538; ~ vera 1489; ~ ve~era 1507; ~ voda 125; ~ vreme 112; ~ gajda 1660; ~ glava 761; ~ gore{tina 806; ~ grev 646; ~ `ena 116, 812, 1925; ~ zdravje 117; ~ kavga 1324; ~ ko{ula 444, 839; ~ kom{ija 1251; ~ kr~mar 1796; ~ ku}a 116; ~ ku~iwa 1225, 1755; ~ kusur 812; ~ leb 124, 1471, 1489; ~ lu|e 1661; ~ maka 118, 121; ~ malku 894; ~ mera 119, 120; ~ miraz 2084; ~ nasmevka 1711; ~ nos 819; ~ ogin 1298; ~ opa{ka 1327; ~ pari 13, 122, 1456, 2058; ~ petli 595; ~ pomo{ 1605; ~ pop 596; ~ popadija 1560; ~ pot 123; ~ praksa 579; ~ prst 819; ~ rabota 124, 1044; ~ sloboda 125; ~ stap 1225, 1755; ~

A aga 1640, 1864 adam (adamin) 1934 adet 231; svoj ~ 1706 azno 1425; tu|o ~ 1006 air (korist) 965 ajvan 2; ajvani 240 ajpida 520 alal 76 alat, bez 538 ali{ta 78, 1653; krpeni ~ 985; ali{te 14; zakrpeno ~ 1921 alka 72; alki 1026 altani, oka 450 altar 789 v. oltar al'{-veri{ 1026; ala{-veri{ 1838 ambar 115, 319, 644, 685; prazen ~ 229 amut 1235 angel 1121, 1333, 2067 anxija 427 apetit 80, 671 apsaana 1362 aram stoka 81 aramija 77, 82, 83, 84, 600, 1919, 1937 v. razbojnik, kradec; brz ~ 672; doma{en ~ 147; aramii 1272, 1758 argati, lo{i 1224 aren 85, 292, 689, 788, 832, 1006; ~ zbor 90; ~ junak 91; ~ kow 92; ~ sin 1173; ~ ~ovek 93, 847; aresno 1989 arizan kow 1146 arna 1258, 2078; ~ `ena 914, 1147; ~ ovca 86; ~ re~ 87; ~ stoka 88, 89; arni izme}ari 1359; arno 3, 94, 95, 166, 186, 548, 809, 810, 888, 1097, 1191, 1657, 1783, 1784, 1891, 1938, 1948 v. dobro; tu|o ~ 1006 arslani 1498 ar{in 31; svoj ~ 1729 at 333, 1363; kakov ~ 745; atovi 96

 152 Bone Veli~kovski

telo 2058; ~ trn 1324; ~ uzda 973; ~ u{i 753, 895; ~ um 1756; ~ fajde 1605; ~ ~est 124, 1610 bezbo`en kreditor 625 bezvreden 230 bezgre{en 1333 bezopasni 540 bezrabota 1897 bezrizi~na nevesta 2084 bezumen 752; bezumni 1998 bel kow 1149; ~ obraz 1974, 2001; ~ oriz 2032; ~ sneg 760; bela brada 166; ~ ma~ka 1695; ~ para 126; ~ poga~a 2037; beli dni 2036; ~ jajca 2034; ~ pari 126; ~ poga~i 2035; belo 106, 127, 128; ~ mleko 597 638, 2033 bele`an 1443 beqa 396, 915, 1452; druga ~ 2012; tu|a ~ 150 berber 129, 130 beri}et 123, 1575; beri}etlija 1575 bes 48, 131; besen pes 1976 be~vi, zakrpeni 1920 bivol 136, 296, 498, 1143, 1865; bivolica 597; crna ~ 2033 bilbil 135 biser 230, 1192; biseri 397, 1286; Biserko 2095 Bistra 506 bi~ 508 blag 137, 220; ~ zbor 138; blaga voda 1374; ~ lakrdija 138; ~ re~ 138; blago 1037, 1387 blagodaren 1560; blagodarno srce 2082 blagoslovena rabota 1628, 1630; blagosloveni race 1107; blagosloveno vino 139 bla`eni 1524 bli`en tvoj 1039; bli`na 'r` 140; blizina 1532; blizu, prijatel 1514 Bog 75, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 288, 539, 937, 999, 1003, 1322, 1323, 1477, 1523, 1530, 1597, 1628, 1662

bogat 38, 78, 153, 369, 794, 943, 1150, 1151, 1430, 1553, 1653, 1730, 1759, 1762, 1803, 2025; zavisliv ~ 529; ~ ~ovek 154; bogati 1027, 1222, 1632; bogatstvo 117, 155, 648, 690, 1321, 1702; golemo ~ 394; najgolemo ~ 555, 557; svoe ~ 1780; celo ~ 1525; bogatstva 1275 bodar duh 442 bo`ji, sudbi 1905; bo`jo 1530; ~ carstvo 1553 boj 311, 1240 bolva 598, 1364; edna ~ 504; bolvi 226, 673 bolen 157, 162, 275, 429, 1924; bolest 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 1242, 1485, 1766; gotova ~ 1887; sekoja ~ 1737; bolka 774, 775; sekoja ~ 1196; golemi bolki 306; pove}e ~ 2090; bolni 1167 borba 495 bor~ 164, 165, 312, 1339, 1371, 1413, 1461, 1613, 2019 v. dolg; bor~ovi 1067; bor~lija 822, 943, 985, 1507 v. dol`nik bos 287 bo~va 205; edna ~ 1376; prazna ~ 1587 brada 564, 629, 655, 787, 1217, 1516, 1932, 2106; bela ~ 166; lakot ~ 1463; siva ~ 167; carska ~ 168 brazda 298 brat 169, 170, 171, 918, 971, 1131, 1177, 1352, 1532, 1603, 1854; daleku ~ 1514; bra}a 63, 172, 173, 1978, 1979; bratska qubov 2055; bratski 677; bratstvo 169 bra{no 350, 496, 840, 931, 1779 breme, svoe 1734 brgu 354, 825, 900, 934, 936, 1020, 1289, 2108; brz 174; ~ aramija 672; ~ pita~ 672; ~ terzija 672; brza voda 175; ~ ku~ka 176, 1551; ~ rabota 1434; brzi 1240; brzo 814 bri~ 79, 1207; bri~ewe 1468 brkotini, tatkovini 1914 brod 776

 153 INDEKS na klu~ni zborovi

budala 177, 341, 497, 499, 605, 1152, 1243, 1623, 1804; eden ~ 14; ~ ~ovek 392; budali 380, 440, 670, 1358, 1503; ~ prijateli 314 bukva 178 buluk 202; buquk 929; cel ~ 460 bumbar 881 bunar 14, 133, 456, 1230, 1825; vetov ~ 1342; netreben ~ 1315; nov ~ 1342, 1422; star ~ 1342, 1422 buni{te 1649; edno ~ 351; svoe ~ 1705, 1721 bura 815, 1570 V vade` 901 vareno, jajce 53 vedna{ 94, 997 vezir 203, 659 vek 74, 185, 189, 440, 670, 867, 1062, 1068, 1142, 1196, 1219, 1388, 1430, 1554, 1731, 2068, 2070, 2107 v. svet; mil ~ 1357; ovoj ~ 560, 1356, 1357; onoj ~ 1356; toj ~ 1196; dva veka 1094 Veligden 187, 1712; kataden ~ 758 venec 397 vepar, debel 1391 vera 188, 189, 190, 518, 875, 1317, 1580, 1866; bez ~ 1489; druga ~ 620 vergija 1609 veresija 191, 340 vesel 891; veselo srce 193, 970 vesti, lo{i 1020 veteno 2019 veter 401, 1218, 1570, 1967; sproti ~ 886, 1256 vetva roguzina 1763; vetov bunar 1342 ve~er 1572; ve~era 378, 1866; bez ~ 1507; poblaga ~ 1837; mala ve~eri~ka 1069 ve~na maka 459, 1033; ~ umetnost 494 videlina 43, 1584, 1807, 2091 vik 1484; vikawe 1805

vila 1806 vina 913 vino 203, 204, 205, 213, 240, 738, 1186, 1646; blagosloveno ~ 139; dobro ~ 399; staro ~ 1880; tu|o ~ 2073; vinsko grne 206; kiselo vince 768 vinoven 847 vir 755 visoka jasika 606, 607; ~ topola 633; visoki planini 207; visoko 208, 816; ugore ~ 1999; visokoumnost 309 vistina 209, 213, 380, 830, 996, 1084, 1090, 1340, 1393, 1807; polovina ~ 239; sekoja ~ 1738 vkusovi 500 vlaga 6; vla`na zemja 1153 vladeteli, strogi 1898 vladika 21, 969, 1111, 1583; dobar ~ 391 vlakno 211; v. dlaka; paja`ino ~ 1143 voda 81, 240, 241, 439, 556, 599, 693, 750, 883, 934, 981, 990, 1001, 1060, 1108, 1142, 1148, 1238, 1264, 1359, 1376, 1422, 1646, 1671, 1708, 1890, 2107; bez ~ 125; blaga ~ 1374; brza ~ 175; golema ~ 215, 303, 305; kradena ~ 978; krstena ~ 446; malku ~ 1211; matna ~ 280, 478; ne~ista ~ 621; silna ~ 175; slatka ~ 978; solena ~ 1374; tivka ~ 156, 237, 1936; vodi 258, 1984; golemi ~ 307; voden |avol 1440 vodenica 990; prazna ~ 552; svoja ~ 1708; sekoj vodeni~ar 1708; vodeni~arska glava 168 vojska 1623 vol 107, 108, 1237, 1270, 1433, 1527, 1528, 1658, 1865, 2045; eden ~ 1373; star ~ 298, 1882; volov rog 214; volovar 107; volovi 332; dva vola 1370 volja 584, 691 volk 56, 165, 201, 202, 210, 211, 212, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250,

 154 Bone Veli~kovski

251, 252, 253, 330, 501, 564, 772, 908, 932, 1172, 1325, 1358, 1365, 1431, 1481, 1679, 1975, 2013, 2083; gladen ~ 279; eden ~ 448; `iv ~ 1166; star ~ 1875; volci 929, 1659; vol~iwa 212, 251 volna, runo 1652 vo{ka 1366; gladna ~ 146; vo{ki 1425, 1991 vrag 171, 254 vrana 255 vrapci 52, 503, 899; vrap~e 11, 290, 507, 515; edno ~ 1488; niedno ~ 854; sekoe ~ 1195; vrap~iwa 899; mnogu ~ 854; sto ~ 1488 vrat 57, 256, 295, 298; sekoj ~ 1235 vrata 339, 501, 796, 798, 1325; `elezna ~ 90, 138, 1447, 1448, 1788; zad ~ 770, 1288; zlatna ~ 1788; se~ija ~ 1873; tu|a ~ 819; crkovna ~ 1182; dve vrati 1160, 1247; `elezni ~ 1077; site ~ 572, 1181 vrba 257, 566, 567 vreva, mnogu 1099 vrelo `elezo 1851; ~ mleko 901 vreme 241, 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 797, 1685, 1687, 1742, 1807, 1808, 1809, 1810; bez ~ 112; drugo ~ 424; izgubeno ~ 645; lo{o ~ 1232; pred ~ 1277; svoe ~ 1669; sekoe ~ 37; vremiwa 270; drugi ~ 424 vre}a 805, 1250, 1831, 2062; sekoja ~ 1739; vre}i~e sol 51; prazno ~ 1589 vrzan pop 271; ~ 'rt 1811 vrnewe 6 vtor zalak 729; vtora priroda 1214; vtorpat 830 vujko 21, 201, 613, 702 v~era 368 G gavran 273 gaz 221, 771, 807, 1952; lud ~ 1024; pokrien ~ 1547; tu| ~ 1889 gazda 272

gajda 1403, 1429; bez ~ 1660 gajle 274, 379, 1323, 1763; gajliwa 1955 gajret 275 ga}i 433, 1087, 2015, 2016 gemija, edna 217 gibel 309 glava 131, 276, 277, 278, 341, 591, 681, 774, 787, 845, 876, 917, 945, 1065, 1227, 1243, 1297, 1381, 1425, 1435, 1493, 1498, 1645, 1667, 1847, 1932, 2005, 2078, 2106; bez ~ 761; vodeni~arska ~ 168; diva ~ 167; zelena ~ 166; navedena ~ 1213; prazna ~ 516; tvoja ~ 1843; }elava ~ 1207, 1985; kolku glavi 961; tvoja glavica 1844 glad 286, 329, 467, 1160, 1544; pogolem ~ 228; gladen 282, 907, 1154, 1772, 1777, 1946; ~ volk 279; ~ kow 280; ~ 'rt 285; ~ ~ovek 281, 1589; gladna vo{ka 146; ~ koko{ka 283; ~ me~ka 282; gladni ku~iwa 1812; ~ o~i 284 glas 288 glista 2020 glupav 499; glupec 293 glu{ec 229, 294, 1074, 1683; gluvci 40, 426, 469, 627, 644, 707, 710, 776, 777, 1155, 1695, 2104; gluv~e 1673, 1808 gnasotii 706 gnev 1857 gnezdo, svoe 1016 gnila {tica 1156; gnilo ja`e (ortoma) 1230 govedo 1684 v. ajvan; goveda 1119, 1493; govedar 374 godina 2089; dolga ~ 12; edna ~ 974; godini 258; pove}e ~ 656, 2081; sto ~ 1519, 1630 gozbi 970 gol 287, 640, 1367; ~ korem (mev) 2030 golem ogon 1394, 1377; ~ um 1070; golema voda 215, 303, 305; ~ lakomija 302; ~ nu`da 1368; ~ riba 303, 304, 305; ~ su{a 1369; golemi bol-

 155 INDEKS na klu~ni zborovi

ki 306; ~ vodi 307; ~ korabi 307; ~ po~esti 308; ~ ribi 215; ~ tovari 308; golemo 1249; ~ bogatstvo 394; golemec 50 gologlav 829 gora 1265, 1673; ~ u{ata 1549 gordost 309 gore{tina 47; bez ~ 806 gorko 868,1923 Gornion (Gospod) 1252; Gospod 17, 18, 57, 59, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 397, 474, 581, 600, 620, 639, 676, 712, 770, 782, 1120, 1157, 1217, 1222, 1557, 1657, 1715, 1789, 1824, 1933, 1947, 2042; sam ~ 1654 gospodin 685; gospoda 344; gospodar 374, 1009; dva gospodara 1331; lo{i gospodari 1359 gost, kataden 759; nekanen (nekanet) ~ 1293, 1294, 1295, 1296; gostin 1644; najmil ~ 603; nevikan ~ 1288; gosti 568, 772, 1545 gotov |avol 1760; gotova bolest 1887; gotovo magare 1293 grad 359, 1369, 1490, 1537, 1748; eden ~ 170; pogolem ~ 228; sekoj ~ 231; cel ~ 1164 gradina 2026 granica 650, 1193, 1675 granka 1241, 2100 grb 658; zad ~ 530; jaka grba 71 grev 162, 1322, 1770, 1944; bez ~ 646; kakov ~ 739; star ~ 1879; mnogu grevovi 1091; greota 326; gre{en ~ovek 983; gre{ka 421; edna ~ 459; gre{ki 327, 1158, 1159; svoi ~ 1144; tu|i ~ 1144 greda 642 griva 37 Grk 1258 grne 1, 32, 45, 200, 328; zemjeno ~ 563; novo ~ 1986; puknato ~ 1615; sekoe ~ 1267, 1697 skr{eno ~ 1921; staro ~ 387; grn~ar 328, 1921, 1986

grob 10, 331, 366, 376, 582, 666, 846, 1051, 1135, 1150, 1248, 1329, 1402, 1845; grobi{ta 329, 1423; tu|i ~ 1205 grozd, kisel 759, 1294; grozje 257, 708, 979, 1413, 1961; kiselo ~ 1909; kradeno ~ 979; takvo ~ 716 gro{ 865, 1688; tikven ~ 85 grst 1916 gulab 2039, 2054; gulabi 540; gulap~e 669 guna 1556 guska 502, 972; edna ~ 1956; site guski 1774 gu{terica 828, 2000 D dab 184, 1819 davalec 339; davawe-zemawe 1838; mnogu dadeno 1100 dajre 1453 dale~en pat 44; dale~na p~enica 140; ~ zemja 1562; daleku 208, 346, 347, 389, 821, 1532, 1551; brat ~ 1514 danok 338 dva veka 1094; ~ vola 1370; ~ gospodara 1331; ~ kamena 350; ~ le{nika 349; ~ ogna 1694; ~ petla 351; ~ stola 909; ~ ~asa 457; dve vrati 1160, 1247; ~ jajca 1168; ~ ko`i 1373; ~ lubenici 356, 879; na ~ 1808; ~ ne{ta 1371; ~ o~i 451; ~ pari 345, 1318; ~ race 206, 462, 1561; ~ sre}i 891; ~ strani 1859; ~ sve}i 1190; ~ u{i 451, 1607; dvajca 62, 352, 353, 778, 1908; ~ prijateli 1883; dvapati 354, 355, 1881, 2041; dva{ 957 dvor, svoj 1593 debel vepar 1391; debela matorica 1391; ~ ortoma 1143 devet 436; ~ du{i 1075; ~ reki 1984; devedeset i devet umovi 357 devoj~e 1014 dedo 4, 52, 1244

 156 Bone Veli~kovski

del, lavovski 994 delanka 1052 delo 980; dela 325, 363, 364, 1983 den 366, 367, 378, 637, 1108, 1202, 1335, 1349, 1487, 1686; eden ~ 449, 1648, 1890; izguben ~ 1711; kukov ~ 1169; kus ~ 12; nov ~ 1343; prv ~ 1274; sekoj ~ 1711; cel ~ 1433; crn ~ 126; tri dena 1644; denes 368; deneska 369, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 376, 1496, 1497; dene{na rabota 377; dewe 1348; dni 258; beli ~ 2036; crni ~ 126, 2036; iljada ~ 449; tri ~ 603, 1519, 1707 deset 436 dete 30, 114, 437, 675; drugo ~ 1916; edno ~ 1916; kilavo ~ 1098, 1599; deca 24, 379, 380, 381, 382, 503, 674, 761, 786, 1063, 1140, 1471, 1881, 1915, 1916, 1934, 2097 diva glava 167; ~ sviwa 316, 1028; divi (lu|e) 405; ~ sviwi 559 dim 1298 dinamit 276 direk, eden 1814 dlaboko 918, 1936, 1999 dlaka 248 v. vlakno doba, svoe 1676 dobar 359, 1781; ~ vladika 391; ~ zakon 532; ~ kow 1785; ~ ov~ar 393; ~ sosed 385; ~ ~ovek 392; dobra `ena 397; ~ zemja 386; ~ majka 388; ~ misla 492; ~ re~ 389; ~ ~orba 387; dobri 1782; ~ esapi 390; ~ nameri 1462; ~ prijateli 390; ~ raboti 188; dobrina 93, 1174; dobriwe 1299; dobro 99, 163, 335, 395, 410, 682, 694, 823, 852, 888, 1023, 1043, 1071, 1344, 1436, 1670, 1795, 1891 v. arno; ~ vino 399; ~ drvo 1254; ~ ime 394; ~ pamtewe 998; ~ utro 385, 396; svoe ~ 1701; dobrodetel 398, 2049; dobrodetelna `ena 397 doblest 1899, 2049 doveka 1096 dodeka 400, 401

do`d 104, 242, 359, 883, 1153, 1476, 1478, 1565; majski do`dovi 1067 dojdeni, docna 1161 doktor 429, 519, 697, 781 dolg 1339 v. bor~; dol`nik 407, 822 v. bor~lija dolga godina 12; ~ `ivea~ka 1069; dolgi stapovi 317; dolgo 822, 1019, 1898 dolgokos(n)a `ena 487 dom 694; svoj ~ 523, 1610; takov ~ 741; doma 91, 347, 725, 777, 799, 840, 1089, 1092, 1353, 1421, 1509, 1576, 1696, 2074, 2093, 2097; doma{en aramija 147; ~ izme}ar 2041; doma}in 196 dosta 448, 512, 520, 603, 1180, 1258 docna 824, 1330; docna `enidba 408; ~ dojdeni 1161 drag 1597; drago 834, 1640 dram, eden 450; sto ~ 1888; dramovi 159 drvo 195, 411, 412, 422, 482, 754, 780, 1162, 1253, 1818; dobro ~ 1254; edno ~ 1817; kakvo ~ 721; sekoe ~ 1405, 1406, 1698; staro ~ 1884, 1886; suvo ~ 1904; drva 409, 1060; drvja 410, 1012; kakvo drvce 722 drenki 623 driskalec 339 drug 415, 416, 417, 418, 419, 420, 421, 422, 425, 453, 454, 455, 466, 467, 468, 493, 575, 859, 861, 953, 975, 1104, 1248, 1287, 1292, 2079, 2086; ~ kol 1375; ~ kow 458; ~ kraj 468; ~ um 424; druga vera 620; ~ planina 1918; ~ raka 463, 1561; ~ strana 1378; drugi 491, 642, 666, 832, 850, 866, 1407, 1593, 1663, 1664, 2010, 2011; ~ vremiwa 424; ~ jabolka 473; ~ lu|e 185; ~ obi~ai 424; drugo 426, 427, 466, 469, 470, 471, 472, 474, 2042; ~ vreme 424; ~ uvo 218, 1380 drugar 133; lo{ ~ 164; lo{i drugari 145; mnogu drugari 153 drugemu 423, 430, 2088 drugpat 1892

 157 INDEKS na klu~ni zborovi

dru`ina, lo{a 316 duma, slatka 1788 dupka 547, 757, 1155, 1683, 1895; edna ~ 294; dupki 233 duh 178; bodar ~ 442; zdrav ~ 554 du{a 75, 275, 443, 445, 655, 955, 1012, 1323, 1396, 1764; mila ~ 444; devet du{i 1075 du{man 647, 1503, 1605; du{mani 148, 314 \ |avol 109, 110, 133, 295, 446, 447, 488, 786, 1032, 1121, 1163, 1174, 1190, 1444, 1477, 1546, 1574, 1813, 2043, 2054, 2067; voden ~ 1440; gotov ~ 1760; `iv ~ 1761 krsten ~ 1442; |avolska lutina 1031 |ubre 1665 E Evrein 110 evtin 1779 egumen 1718 eden 452, 453, 454, 455, 466, 467 468, 493, 1164, 1908; ~ budala 14; ~ vol 1373; ~ volk 448; ~ grad 170; ~ den 449, 1648, 1890; ~ direk 1814; ~ dram 450; ~ zbor 949, 1180; ~ izvor 1374; ~ jazik 451, 1607; ~ kamen 456, 1860; ~ kol 1375; ~ kow 458; ~ kraj 468; ~ mesec 974; ~ (na drug) 59; ~ orev 236, 349; ~ prijatel 794, 1502; ~ ulav 456; ~ umen 1503; ~ ~as 216, 457; ~ ~iflik 1502; ~ ~len 774; edna beqa 2012; ~ bolva 504, 1376; ~ gemija 217; ~ godina 974; ~ gre{ka 459; ~ guska 1956; ~ dupka 294; ~ iskra 1377; ~ koza 460; ~ lastovica 461, 1815; ~ lubenica 879; ~ mi{ka 356, 879; ~ ovca 1816; ~ para 345, 505, 1990; ~ planina 1918; ~ raka 206, 463, 506, 1561; ~ sve}a 1190; ~ strana 1378; ~ usta 462; edni 1663;

~ lu|e 185, 465, 1165; ~ pati 203; edno 466, 469, 470, 471, 472, 474, 2042; ~ buni{te 351; ~ vrap~e 1488; ~ dete 1916; ~ drvo 1817; ~ zrno 507; ~ jabolko 473; ~ jajce 960; ~ mavawe (mavnuvawe) 1379, 1818, 1819; ~ oko 1495; ~ pile 1820; ~ stado 448; ~ uvo 218, 1380; ~ cve}e 1821; edna{ 332, 355, 464, 830, 957, 1108, 1958; samo ~ 1873; ednemu 430 E|uptin 771; ~ car 793 ezero 883, 1183 ekim 429 ekonomija 647, 648 emi{ (ovo{je) 1405 endek (jama) 62 ergenin 4 esap, ~ist 2055; dobri esapi 390 @ `aba 476, 477; `abi 2023 `al 479, 748, 1085; `alost 449 `ar 1962 `drebe 668, 1674; slabo ~ 1785 `ed 1544; `eden kow 478 `elba 1246 `elezo 274, 481, 482, 483, 705, 1132, 1639, 2060; vrelo ~ 1851; `e{ko ~ 480, 484; Judino ~ 1458; usviteno ~ 792; `elezna vrata 90, 138, 1447, 1448, 1788; `elezni vrati 1077; ~ porti 138 `elka 571 `ena 66, 486, 488, 602, 812, 912, 990, 1065, 1425, 1558, 1619, 1868; ~ rabotnica 1767; arna ~ 914, 1147; bez ~ 116, 1925; dobra ~ 397; dobrodetelna ~ 397; dolgokos(n)a ~ 487; kratkouma (kusoumna) ~ 487; lo{a ~ 2107; mlada ~ 69; netepana ~ 485; ubava ~ 914, 1149, 1992; ugodna ~ 1992; umna ~ 1992; `eni 489, 612, 1064; lo{i ~ 145; site ~ 804; tri ~ 1956; docna `enidba 408; `ensko 490

 158 Bone Veli~kovski

`e{ko `elezo 480, 484 `iv 18, 370, 1318, 1981, 2008, 2044, 2059; ~ volk 1166; ~ |avol 1761; `ivi 514, 569, 1134, 1136; `ivo ku~e 1538; `ivot 204, 492, 493, 495, 507; kratok ~ 494; mil ~ 444; ubav ~ 1606; dolga `ivea~ka 1069 `ivotni 240 v. ajvan(i) `ito 496, 639, 685, 707, 1300 `ol~ka 598 Z zab 704, 982, 1426; zabi 1146, 1184, 1875, 1909, 1915, 1948 zabraneto ovo{je 528 zavisliv 149; ~ bogat 529; pusta zavist 1618 zad vrata 770, 1288; ~ grb 530 zaedni~ki kow 531; zaedno 1614 zaem 344 zajak 174, 570, 571, 1811, 1830, 2014; zaja~ki u{i 1079 zakon 1309, 1351; dobar ~ 532; lo{ ~ 386; mnogu ~ 1101; svoj ~ 1706; sekoj ~ 233; lo{i zakoni 1019; strogi ~ 1019; zakonski 532 zakrpa, svoja 1739; zakrpeni be~vi 1920; ~ ruti{~a 1920; zakrpeno ali{te 1921 zalak, vtor 729; pogolem ~ 1526; prv ~ 729; sladok ~ 729 zaludo 533 zaquben, ludo 1332 zamena 1957 zanaet 297, 534, 536, 538; zlaten ~ 535; ist ~ 353; mnogu zanaeti 839; zanaet~ija 537 zarar (gubitok) 1978 zatvor 1362; zatvorena usta 219 zatoa, svoe 1700 zafa}awe, sekoe 1699 za{to, sekoe 1700 zbor 2, 85, 137, 220, 542, 543, 547, 548, 549, 550, 665, 703, 709, 765, 1380, 1505, 1555, 1752, 2065; aren ~ 90; blag ~ 138; eden ~ 949, 1180; lo{ ~

1017, 1427, 1495; pogolem ~ 1526; zborovi 363, 364, 481, 545, 546, 646, 1381, 1382, 1822, 1823, 1874; iljada ~ 949; lo{i ~ 752; qubezni ~ 1038; ubavi ~ 1846; zboruvawe 261, 544 zdiv, maj~in i tatkov 553 zdrav 129; ~ duh 554; zdrava stomna 1108; zdravi 1167; ~ jabolka 2099; ~ orevi 236; zdravje 492, 555, 556, 557, 558, 1525, 1677, 1795, 2056; bez ~ 117; polovina ~ 2057; zdravo telo 554 zelena glava 166; ~ treva 561, 1282 zelje 841 zemja 410, 495, 497, 562, 639, 984, 1275, 1401, 1581, 1930; vla`na ~ 1153; dale~na ~ 1562; dobra ~ 386; kup ~ 432; na ~ 1789; svoja ~ 1334; crna ~ 2035; zemjeno grne 563 zer (otrov) 1208 zet 1566 zijan 1979 zima 1478, 1556; zime 1008; zimoska 1009 zimbil 1824 zla kopa~ka 576; sekakvi ~ 1870; zlo 163, 404, 1043, 1329, 1719; ~ ku~e 575; sekoe ~ 1194, 1701; zol trn 576 zlaten legen 583; ~ zanaet 535; zlatna vrata 1788; zlato 544, 572, 573, 574, 1061, 1072, 1122, 1233, 1693 zlota 1688 zmija 16, 577, 578, 792, 828, 947, 1018, 1475, 1508, 2000, 2072; luta ~ 137; zmii 540, 705, 1850; zmiul~e 669 znaewe 579, 580, 582; pove}e ~ 2090; sekoe ~ 1702; znalec 1732 zob 183 zort 1383 zrela kru{a 585; zreli kru{i 559 zrno 586, 634; ~ p~enica 507; edno ~ 507 zulum 587, 588 Y Yvezda 506; ugasnata yvezda 1197

 159 INDEKS na klu~ni zborovi

yver 1029 yvonec 1074, 1152, 1235; svoj ~ 589 yid 590, 591, 593, 594; yidovi 592, 604 I igla 640, 939,1825; igleni u{i 1553 izbira~ 641; malkumina izbrani 1116 izvor, eden 1374 izgled 643 izguben den 1711; izgubeno vreme 645 izlez 227 izme}ar 1164; doma{en ~ 2041; arni izme}ari 1359; izme}arlak 1371 izobilstvo 646 iljada 466; ~ dni 449; ~ zborovi 949 ime 200, 1147; dobro ~ 394; lo{o ~ 1495, 1513; ~esno ~ 1504 imot 1100, 1969; tu| ~ 1006 inaet 127, 662, 663, 664; inaet~ija 665, 1135 inka 1826 insan (lu|e) 327 iskra 1384; edna ~ 1377; mala ~ 1394 iskustvo 667 ist rod 1614; ~ zanaet 353; ista pazuva 356; isti 804, 1596; istovremeno 1859 itar 564, 605, 669, 1430, 1895, 2054; itra lisica 608, 688; itri 440, 670; itrina 649, 1918 i{tav (apetit) 671 J jabolko, edno 473; skapano ~ 473; jabolka 567; drugi ~ 473; zdravi ~ 2099; oka ~ 1652; pocrveni ~ 2099; {uplivi ~ 2099, 2100 jagne 361, 908; ~ pe~eno 53, 1517; jagniwa 251 jagodi, faleni 1188, 1209 jagula 111, 2018, 2020 jagurida 418, 1809, 1915

jadewe 80, 671, 677, 1063, 1385, 1544 ja`e 2, 222, 1579, 1808; gnilo ~ 1230 jazik 2, 135, 221, 472, 681, 682, 686, 687, 704, 1114, 1124, 1505, 1787, 2045, 2105; eden ~ 451, 1607; lo{ ~ 1398; mek ~ 1080; kolku jazici 962 jazol 680 jajce 921, 2060; vareno ~ 53; edno ~ 960; tvoe ~ 1518; jajca 419, 1165, 1285, 1296, 1926; beli ~ 2034; dve ~ 1168; pogolemi ~ 1168, 1972; takvi ~ 718; crveni ~ 618 jaka grba 71 jalova krava 1386 jama 62, 201, 1223 jangan (ogin) 1763 jare 764 jarem 256, 298, 1235, 1865 jasika, visoka 606, 607 jasli 1295 ja~ina 1533 jorgan 1612 Judino `elezo (pari) 1458 junak 2003; aren ~ 91 K kavga 689, 1385, 1517; bez ~ 1324 kadelka 26 kaewe 695, 1486 kazna, takva 739 kako 1582; ~ do{lo 726, 735; ~ drobil 736 kakov 701, 1229; ~ at 745; ~ grev 739; ~ kral 740; ~ pretsedatel 742; ~ stopan 743; ~ tatko 744, 746; ~ um 741; kakva loza 716; ~ majka 717; ~ ptica 718; ~ rabota 719; ~ re~ 720; kakvi 700; kakvo 723; ~ drvo 721; ~ drvce 722; ~ pra{awe 724 kakol 1300 kal 747, 844, 923, 1469, 1470 kalem 2047 kalu|er 748, 749, 1185, 1561; sekoj ~ 1718; kalu|eri 145 kamara 1243

 160 Bone Veli~kovski

kambanarija 789 kamen 1, 14, 47, 68, 175, 241, 348, 402, 482, 543, 586, 750, 751, 757, 1311, 1329, 2069; eden ~ 456, 1860; sekoj ~ 1717; dva kamena 350; kamewa 752, 844, 923, 1151, 1162, 1243, 1874; luti ~ 350; ostri ~ 350; tvoi ~ 1843; kamewe 158; svoi ~ 1667; malo kam~e 609; male~ki kam~iwa 590 kamila 11, 194, 470, 753, 1553, 1631; kamilar 470; kamilxija 7 kanaet 534 kandilo 581, 1174 kantar 1633 kapa 1179, 1231, 1381, 2005 kapak 1267 kapidani, mnogu 217 kapka 755, 756, 757, 1066 karavan 993 kara~ka 2077; karanica 1307 kasapnica 1464 kasmet 1649 v. k'smed kasnat 828 kat 1753 kataden 1890; ~ gost 759; ~ Veligden 758 katolik, pogolem 1268 katran 988 kafe, crno 760 ka{lica 1040, 1048, 1768 kva~ki 358 kese 197, 577, 916, 1600 v. }ese kilavo dete 1098, 1599 kiramit~ija 104 kiraxija 427 kisel grozd 759, 1294; kiselina 428, 1376; badijala ~ 97; kiselo grozje 1909; ~ vince 768 kla{enik 1476 kletva 553 klin 769 v. ~ivija; klinec 831 klu~ 572, 1133; klu~ovi 1346 knez 2025; knezovi 1257 kniga 278, 1238 kno~ko (tenko) 762 kobila 1674 kova~ 1713, 1828; kovawe 1828

ko`a 79, 608, 1594; ov~a ~ 243; svinska ~ 1403; dve ko`i 1373 koza 764, 807, 929, 1679; edna ~ 460; krastava ~ 460; luda ~ 1024 koko{ka 802, 921, 960, 1168, 1258, 1519, 1926; gladna ~ 283; kom{iska ~ 972; pe~ena ~ 518, 1497; pogolema ~ 1971; tu|a ~ 1971, 1972; }orava ~ 634; crna ~ 2034; koko{ki 64, 800, 1010, 1011; pe~eni ~ 1141; tu|o kokov~e 1518 kol, drug 1375; eden ~ 1375 kola 609, 1210, 1437, 1830; najdobra ~ 615 kolak 338; kola~e 930 koleno 1249; treto ~ 1314; kolena 365, 1183 kolk 1002 kolku 967, 968; ~ glavi 961; ~ jazici 962; ~ lu|e 961; ~ postar 964; ~ poumen 966; ~ pove}e 963 kolnati usti 1107 kolce 988, 1982 komad, tu| 2073 komarec 520, 1390 komiwe 556 kom{ija 9, 26, 292, 310, 971, 989, 1168 v. sosed; bez ~ 1251; kom{ii 1089; kom{iska koko{ka 972 kon sebe 1741 kondura 1716 konci 956 kow 1053, 1282, 1363, 1631, 183, 2102, 272, 333, 365, 486, 508, 791, 831, 873, 973, 974; aren ~ 92; arizan ~ 1146; bel ~ 1149; gladen ~ 280; dobar ~ 1785; drug ~ 458; eden ~ 458; `eden ~ 478; zaedni~ki ~ 531; neskrotliv ~ 513; pcovisan ~ 2029; podaren ~ 1146; poklonet ~ 1184; potkovan ~ 531; slep ~ 1423; tu| ~ 1849, 2075; {ugav ~ 458 kopan 1082 kopan~e 773 kopa~ka, zla 576 kopriva 182 koprina 1966

 161 INDEKS na klu~ni zborovi

korabi, golemi 307 korem, (mev) gol 2030 koren 987, 1870 korito 1666 korki, suvi 281 kosa 402, 976; mnogu ~ 1103 koska 575; koski 686, 1080, 1161, 1874 kotel, bakaren 563; kotle 1453 ko~ani 285, 415 ko{ 1467; ko{ovi 1822; ko{ara 319; golema ko{nica 1188; prazni ko{nici 1209 ko{ula 1367, 1609; bez ~ 444, 839 krava 180, 977, 2083; jalova ~ 1386; sekoja ~ 1740; crna ~ 638, 2033 kradec 464, 1937; kradena voda 978; kradeno grozje 979; kradewe 1771 kraj 301, 475, 617, 956, 980, 1595; drug ~ 468; eden ~ 468 kral 2025; kakov ~ 740; kralevi 1120 krap~e 435, 2021 krasta 1126, 2017; krastav 1681; krastava koza 460; krastavo prase 1391 krastavici 41, 1283, 1466, 1479 kratkoum(n)a `ena 487 kratok `ivot 494 Kra~un 1479 krv 583, 981 krevet 8 kreditor, bezbo`en 625 krznar 608 kriv 858, 1585, 2086; ~ ~ovek 847, 983; ~ oxak 27; krivo 1511; ~ lice 70; ~ magare 333 krilja 155, 1271 krotok 669; krotki 984, 1358; krotko srce 656 krpe` 1430; krpeni ali{ta 985 krst 110; svoj ~ 1709, 1728; krsten |avol 1442; krstena voda 446 kru{a 910, 987, 1754; zrela ~ 585; zreli kru{i 559; ubavi ~ 1996 kr~mar, bez 1796 k'saj (zalak) 1526

k'smed (k'smet) 100, 1888, 1198, 2086; nov ~ 1343 kukov den (kukovo leto) 1169 kum 779, 1138; kuma 403 kup zemja 432 kurtula~ka 2001 kus 14; ~ den 12; kusa noga 995; kusi noze 1170 kusoumna `ena 487 kusur, bez 812; svetski kusuri 291 ku}a 9, 222, 310, 381, 431, 799, 867, 989, 990, 991, 1251, 1616, 1814, 1860, 1925, 1926, 1931; bez ~ 116; prazna ~ 826; svoja ~ 1404, 1578, 1668, 1723; ku}i 1307, 1620 kuc 858 ku~e 297, 383, 509, 992, 1160, 1317, 1635, 1831; `ivo ~ 1538; zlo ~ 575; popareno ~ 1565; sekoe ~ 1696, 1703; staro ~ 1885; ku~iwa 17, 760, 993, 1319, 2013; bez ~ 1225, 1755; gladni ~ 1812; slepi ~ 176 (kutriwa), 1551; brza ku~ka 176, 1551 L lav, mrtov 1538; lavovski del 994 laga 995, 996, 1084, 1170; lagi 1090; la`liv pop 999; la`ni proroci 1441; la`go 997, 998, 1000 la`ica 1743, 1751, 1832 lajno 881 lakom 1317; golema lakomija 302 lakot brada 1463 lakrdija, blaga 138; slatka ~ 1501; trista lakrdii 1959 lansko ogni{te 1171 lastovica, edna 461, 1815 lafovi, lo{i 1501 leb 68, 931, 1001, 1496, 1496, 1497, 1501, 1509, 1783, 1784, 2061; bez ~ 124, 1471, 1489; suv ~ 1517, 1902, 1903; 'r`an lebec 1641 lebedi 1774 legen, zlaten 583 ledina 298

 162 Bone Veli~kovski

lek 434, 499, 509, 521, 1194, 1196, 1203, 1301, 1611, 1737; lut ~ 1175; najdobar ~ 1900; lekar 429, 1004, 1167 lele, tu|o 524 lelejka (lulka) 2101 lenost (mrzlivost) 1005 lepe{ka 881, 1228, 1856 lesen tovar 1917; ~ um 1923; lesno 1006, 1007, 1022, 1025, 1446, 160, 1851, 1985, 206, 21, 445, 909 lete 1008; leto 806, 1478, 1815, 1821; kukovo ~ 1169; letoska 1009 le{nika, dva 349 lik 1320 lira 871, 1399 lisica 1010, 1011; itra ~ 608, 688; najkrotka ~ 800 lisje 401, 1012; list 1904; murenkov ~ 1966 lice 193, 463, 479, 886, 1013, 1014, 1139, 1172, 2053, 2085; krivo ~ 70; ubavo ~ 1995; crno ~ 1189; ~isto ~ 1211; li~en 38; li~na moma 1015; ~ nevesta 2084; li~ota 1015 lov 1840 loza, kakva 716; lozje 784, 1894; lozja 1224 lo{ 832, 1139; ~ drugar 164; ~ zakon 386; ~ zbor 1017, 1427, 1495; ~ jazik 1398; ~ mutav 92; ~ orev 236; ~ sin 1173; ~ ~ovek 56, 157, 847, 1018, 1174; lo{a dru`ina 316; ~ `ena 2107; ~ pqaga 1017; ~ ptica 1016; ~ rana 1017; ~ re~ 389; ~ sre}a 150; ~ ~elad 1636; lo{i argati 1224; ~ vesti 1020; ~ gospodari 1359; ~ drugari 145; ~ `eni 145; ~ zakoni 1019; ~ zborovi 752; ~ lafovi 1501; ~ plodovi 1254; ~ popovi 1224; ~ prijateli 148; lo{o 94, 186, 348, 505, 651, 682, 824, 847, 850, 851, 852, 884, 1021, 1022, 1023, 1121, 1124, 1191, 1392, 1436, 1657, 1834; ~ vreme 1232; ~ ime 1495, 1513; ~ mesto 705; mnogu ~ 1104; lo{otija 1326; nied-

na ~ 1326; lo{otii 1005; mnogu ~ 1129; site ~ 1128 lubenica, edna 879; dve lubenici 356, 879 lud 130; ~ gaz 1024; luda koza 1024; ludi 406, 1144, 1178; ~ mladi 142; ludo srce 1995; ~ zaquben 1332; ludost 2011 lu|e 158, 327, 447, 588, 657, 1025, 1026, 1027, 1118, 1162, 1232, 1388, 1692 v. insan; bez ~ 1661; drugi ~ 185; edni ~ 185, 465, 1165; kolku ~ 961; mnozina ~ 1111, 1112; site ~ 1773; tolku ~ 962; tu|i ~ 1079 luzna 622 lukav 220 lupe{ki (lu{pi) 419 lut 1028, 1029, 1393; ~ lek 1175; ~ ~ovek 1030, 1036; luta zmija 137; ~ rana 1175; luti kamena 350; lutina 223, 1032, 1033, 1034, 1035, 1987, 2077; |avolska ~ 1031; luto 1037 Q qubezni zborovi 1038 qubewe 260; qubov, 224, 509, 796, 1040, 1041, 1042, 1043, 1044, 1048, 1049, 1050, 1324, 1839 v. sevda; bratska ~ 2055; prva ~ 1591; silna ~ 1045; slepa ~ 1046, 1047; sovr{ena ~ 1852; stara ~ 1877, 1878; ubava ~ 1047 qubomora 1051 M mavawe (mavnuvawe), edno 1379, 1818, 1819 magare 5, 33, 132, 199, 300, 334, 663, 727, 797, 817, 818, 1053, 1054, 1055, 1056, 1057, 1058, 1059, 1060, 1061, 1062, 1176, 1238, 1255, 1282, 1295, 1363, 1633, 1647, 1678, 1910, 1927; gotovo ~ 1293; krivo ~ 333; pe~aleno ~ 1466; sekoe ~ 1704; ma-

 163 INDEKS na klu~ni zborovi

garec 1390; magarica 1239; stara ~ 1876; magariwa 18, 96, 511, 1118 magla 564, 1975 ma` 490, 1065; svoj ~ 397; ma`i 489, 1063; umni ~ 1064 maznik (zelnik), tu| 2073; ozgora mazno 1425 majka 437, 648, 654, 748, 783, 1005, 1480, 1964; Beganova ~ 106; dobra ~ 388; kakva ~ 717; Stojanova ~ 106; maj~in zdiv 553; maj~ino mleko 76 majska rosa 1066; majski do`dovi 1067 majstor 431, 807, 1274, 1627, 1778, 1945; majstorska tesla 431 maka 414, 738, 1068, 1086, 1115, 1155, 1177, 1726, 1963; bez ~ 118, 121; sekoja ~ 2001; ve~na ~ 459, 1033; trista maki 588 mal 2041; mala iskra 1394; ~ ve~eri~ka 1069; male~ki kam~iwa 590; mali prikazni 1070; malku 853, 941, 1071, 1520, 1607, 2075; bez ~ 894; ~ voda 1211; ~ ostanalo 1105; ~ pamet 1103; ~ pravda 1101; malo kam~e 609; malkumina izbrani 1116; malcina 1109, 1111, 1113 manxa 1073; tu|a ~ 238; }elepur ~ 1414; mnogu manxi 1501 Mara 679 marifet 1234 mart 1093 maska 180, 476, 502 maslinki 566; maslo 209, 581, 1208, 1281, 1646, 1833, 1848; mast 771, 1823 matenica 1751 v. ma{tenica matna voda 280, 478; matno 225, 1216 matorica, debela 1391 ma~ka 294, 323, 469, 498, 610, 710, 777, 1074, 1075, 1250, 2104; bela ~ 1695; niedna ~ 1327; crna ~ 1695; ma~ki 40, 1498, 1548; ma~or 426, 612; ma~orok 611 ma~na rabota 749; ma~no 206, 956, 1022, 1464, 1615; ~ mesto 705

ma{a 22, 612, 1266 ma{tenica 901, 1564 v. matenica meana 1076, 1453 mev 1403, 2030; moj ~ 525 med 13, 46, 54, 97, 221, 428, 662, 728, 803, 827, 916, 1038, 1042, 1154, 1208, 1591, 1745, 1805, 1809, 1848, 1935, 1941; medena usta 1077 mek jazik 1080; meki posteli 1081 mene 423, 571, 731, 862; protiv ~ 862 mera 875, 1317, 1861; bez ~ 119, 120 merdivan (skala) 493, 1663 merka 522, 1827 mesec, eden 974; mese~ina 30 meso 146; oka ~ 1270 mesto 1717; lo{o ~ 705; ma~no ~ 705 metla, nova 1344 me~ 1114; me~evi 1980 me~ka 72, 784, 1088, 1089, 1125, 1370, 1594, 2065; gladna ~ 282; me~ki 623 me{e 2080 mil 561; ~ vek 1357; ~ `ivot 444; mila du{a 444; milo 1195; milosrdie 1091, 1092; milost 397, 450; milostina 342, 344, 936, 937; milostiv 1157 minare 790 mir 1517; mirni 406; mirno selo 179, 271 miraz, bez 2084 misirka, na{a 1971 misla 1988, 2085; dobra ~ 492 mi{ka (pazuva), edna 356, 879 mlad 892, 1516, 1800; mlada `ena 69; ludi mladi 142; mlado 412; mladost 34, 541, 860, 896, 942, 951, 1094, 1095, 1096, 1625 mleko 902, 977, 1564; maj~ino ~ 76; belo ~ 597, 638, 2033; mnogu ~ 86, 2083 mnogu 579, 821, 835, 856, 857, 878, 894, 941, 1102, 1389, 1412, 1520, 1587, 2075; ~ arno 1097; ~ babi 761, 1098, 1599; ~ brgu 936, ~ vrap~iwa 854; ~ vreva 1099; ~ grevovi 1091; ~ dadeno 1100; ~ daleku 1052; ~ drugari

 164 Bone Veli~kovski

153; ~ zakon 1101; ~ zanaeti 839; ~ kapidani 217; ~ kosa 1103; ~ lo{o 1104; ~ lo{otii 1129; ~ manxi 1501; ~ mleko 86, 2083; ~ pari 1929; ~ pati 1106; ~ pati{ta 1437; ~ piper 841; ~ pominalo 1105; ~ praznici 825; ~ prijateli 794; ~ raboti 833, 854; ~ race 1107; ~ srebro 1504; ~ stoka 492; ~ usti 1107; ~ pati 1108; mnozina 1027, 1109, 1113, 1114, 1115, 1117, 1118, 1119, 1120; ~ lu|e 1111, 1112; ~ povikani 1116; ~ prijateli 1110 molitva 714, 1032, 1562 mol~ewe 261, 544, 1072, 1122, 1123, 1304 moma 4; li~na ~ 1015; momi~ka 783, 935; mom~e 935 more 301, 893, 947, 1183, 1543, 1642, 1643, 1751, 1775, 1891, 1957 most 58, 175, 613, 663, 702, 1266, 1546, 1574 motika 708, 714; neklepana ~ 485; sekoja ~ 1741 mrava 1125; mravi 1088 mraz 340 mrazewe 260 mre`a 1221 mrza 1126, 1127, 1395, 1396, 1434, 1554, 1626, 1903; pusta ~ 277; mrzliv 1003, 1130, 1131, 1991; mrzlivost 1128, 1129, 1132, 1133 mrsulav 61; mrsulko 2095 mrtov lav 1538; mrtovec 1660, 1661; mrtvi 1134, 1135, 1136 mr{a 445 muva 728, 881, 1143, 1433, 1586; muvi 54, 137, 219, 706, 1548, 1793 mudar 154, 293; mudri 540, 1144, 1178, 1998; Mudriot Solomon 397; mudrost 1533, 2011; pogolema ~ 1304 muzika 1633; voena ~ 1055 murenkov list 1966 musta}i 611, 612 mutav, lo{ 92 N

navedena glava 1213 nave~er 457 navika 1214 nagrada 398, 2049; svoja ~ 1735 nadve 1808; nadve-natri 1356 nadvor 2097 nade` 100, 514, 901, 907, 1215, 1439; odlo`uvana ~ 1424 nazad 543, 645, 665 najaren pliva~ 614, 1106; najarna hrana 1001 najblago 905 najgolema sila 286; najgolemo bogatstvo 555, 557 najdobar lek 1900; ~ strelec 616; ~ u~itel 667; najdobra kola 615; najdobro 526, 1216, 2087 najkratok pat 1353 najkrotka lisica 800 najlesno 699 najlo{ 1781; najlo{o 2107; ~ potkovan kow 531 najmnogu 800 najneumen 1219 najniska ograda 699 najodzadi 905 najpotrebno 782 najprvin 1217, 1578, 2087 najsilen 1218; najsilno 1588 najsiromav 23 najslatko 528 najubav 523; najubava roza 617; najubavo 675 najumen 1219 nakiten pen 624 nakovalna 1078 nameri, dobri 1462 napravo 27 naprazno 497, 1221 nara~ano 1481 narod 288, 1224, 1563; takov ~ 740, 742; narodi 1223 nasmevka, bez 1711 nauka 738; nema ~ 118 Naum, Sveti 676 nautro 457

 165 INDEKS na klu~ni zborovi

nau~en 1338 na~in 691 nebesi 1789; nebo 1141, 1263, 1401, 1824, 1957 nevesta 931, 1566; bezrizi~na ~ 2084; li~na ~ 2084 nevikan gostin 1288 nevnimatelno 845 nevozmo`ni ne{ta 1957 nevolja 226, 227, 574, 584, 1308, 1309, 1310, 1311, 1312, 1397 nevreme 815 negledani o~i 1289 nedela 1683 nedoven~ani (zet i nevesta) 1566 ne`enet 641 nezrelo 418 neispitani sudbi 1905 nekanet 568; ~ gost(in) 1293, 1294, 1295, 1296 neklepana motika 485 nekoga{ 1598; poarno ~ 1510 nekogo 49, 50, 51; nekoj 42, 68, 1329 nema{tina 1307 nemi 306 nepravda 859; nepravedno spe~aleno 1314; nepravina 1511 nepravewe 1834 neprijatel 1431; neprijateli 314, 1420 neprijatnost 1306, 1482 nerazbran 512; stari nerazbrani 144 neroden Petko 1178 nesewe (jajca) 802 neskrotliv kow 513 nesre}a 652, 1888; niedna ~ 1328 netepana `ena 485 netreben bunar 1315 neu~en 2044 ne~ista voda 621 ne~ovek 134 ne{to 545, 1003, 1316, 1534, 1731, 2068, 2107; poarno ~ 1512; dve ne{ta 1371; nevozmo`ni ~ 1957; tri ~ 1957 nivje 1224, 1244

nivni raboti 1983; ~ race 1983 nigde (nikade) 20, 725, 1576 nieden 452; ~ samarxija 18; ~ sluga 1331; niedna lo{otija 1326; ~ ma~ka 1327; ~ nesre}a 1328; ~ rabota 833, 854; niedno vrap~e 854 niz nos 632 nikako 1615 nikoga{ 933, 1330, 1783, 1874; otkolku ~ 1510 nikogo 505; nikoj 384, 999, 1149, 1199, 1331, 1332, 1333, 1334, 1335, 1336, 1337, 1338, 1547, 1689, 1727, 1765; nikoja reka 1339 niski odai 317; nisko 816 nitu eden (prijatel) 794 ni{to 34, 112, 867, 877, 1099, 1277, 1316, 1340, 1341, 1418, 1529, 1534, 1554, 1834, 1949; ~ novo 1302 nov bunar 1342, 1422; ~ den 1343; ~ k'smed 1343; ~ obra~ 1886; ~ sram 1879; nova metla 1344; novi pati{ta 413, 1345; ~ prijateli 1883; novo grne 1986; ~ sito 1346, 1347; ni{to ~ 1302 noga 476, 982, 1223, 1505; kusa ~ 995; sekoja ~ 1736; noze 191, 610, 876, 968, 1276, 1429, 1612, 1622, 1624, 1962; kusi ~ 1170 no` 808, 1398, 1436, 1555 nos 72, 299, 336, 819, 1952 niz ~ 632 nosilo 2101 no} 366, 384, 1202, 1335, 1349, 1349; no}e 1348; no}na rabota 1686 nu`da 1351, 1601, 1602, 1604; golema ~ 1368 nunko 1060 O obesen 222; obeseno sito 1346 obikolen pat 1353 obi~aj 231; drugi obi~ai 424 obleka 1354 obraz, bel 1974 obrazovanie 1355

 166 Bone Veli~kovski

obra~, nov 1886 oven 361; tu| ~ 589 ovoj svet 1525; ~ vek 560, 1356, 1357 ovo{je, zabraneto 528; sekoja ovo{ka 1742 ovca 55, 250, 908, 929, 932, 1659; arna ~ 86; edna ~ 1816; cela ~ 1365; crna ~ 232; ovci 246, 253, 330, 393, 420, 1358, 1493, 1812; ov~a ko`a 243; ov~ar 679; dobar ~ 393; ov~ki stada 564 ogin 22, 360, 573, 574, 763, 767, 1033, 1171, 1281, 1359, 1360, 1361, 1602, 1642, 1763, 1833, 1835, 2107; bez ~ 1298; golem ~ 1377, 1394; dva ogna 1694 oglamnik 2 ogledalo 70, 1855 ogni{te 625, 1142; lansko ~ 1171 ograda 1859; najniska ~ 699 odai, niski 317 odgovor 724 odedna{ 323 odewe 1461, 1613 odzadi 180, 221 odobruvawe 1123 odo{to 1514, 1515, 1516, 1518, 1539, 1540, 1541, 1544, 1555 ozgora mazno - ozdola azno 1425 oka altani 450; ~ jabolka 1652; ~ meso 1270; sto ~ 1888; oki 159 oko 664, 1186, 1426, 1427; edno ~ 1495; okato pole 1549 okolnosti 1246 oltar 789 v. altar olxica (la`ica) 1743 omjaz (lice) 886 onoj vek 1356 opa{ka 16, 37, 296, 488, 935, 1166, 1493, 1498, 1754, 2018; bez ~ 1327 opinok 1716; pokonduren ~ 315; opinci 1429 opsekliv (hrabar) pes 1431 opul 783 orawe 1259 orev, eden 236, 349; lo{ ~ 236; orevi 1806; zdravi ~ 236; sto ~ 236

orel 208, 571; orli 698 oriz 1082, 1823; bel ~ 2032 oro 282, 345, 777, 1297, 1449 ortoma 77, 222, 468; gnila ~ 1230; debela ~ 1143 osven 1610 oska 988, 1220 oskomina 418, 425, 1909 osten 107, 1865 ostro (na no`) 1436; ostri kamewa 350 otvoreni o~i 67 otkolku 1517, 1519, 1525, 1532, 1533, 1535, 1536, 1537, 1538, 1543, 1552, 1553; ~ nepravo 1511; ~ ni{to 1512; ~ nikoga{ 1510 otrov 1208; otruva~ka 221, 1438 otspredi 180 ocet 13 o~i 36, 255, 273, 346, 561, 593, 594, 642, 732, 918, 1432, 1439, 1440, 1473, 1522, 1531, 1541, 1637, 1832, 1992, 2038, 2108; gladni ~ 284; dve ~ 451; negledani ~ 1289; otvoreni ~ 67; poarno ~ 1513; pove}e ~ 1542; pred ~ 1221; sokolovi ~ 1079; tvoi ~ 642, 1506 oxak 320; kriv ~ 27 P pa|awe 309 pazar 997; cel ~ 1956 pazuva 986, 2072; ista ~ 356 paja`ino vlakno 1143 pakost 1035, 1444 palata 586 palica, tvoja 1844 pamet 1137; malku ~ 1103; pameten 1180; sto pametni 14; dobro pamtewe 998 papa 1268 papok 1962 para 23, 89, 673, 674, 865, 871, 1181, 1445, 1447, 1448, 1959; bela ~ 126; edna ~ 345, 505, 1990; trkalezna ~ 1446; pari 20, 169, 266, 429, 443,

 167 INDEKS na klu~ni zborovi

517, 536, 558, 602, 636, 653, 659, 660, 661, 677, 738, 874, 916, 938, 1109, 1113, 1430, 1449, 1450, 1451, 1452, 1453, 1454, 1455, 1456, 1457, 1458, 1459, 1460, 1468, 1473, 1677, 1991; bez ~ 13, 122, 1456, 2058; beli ~ 126; dve ~ 345, 1318; mnogu ~ 1929 parea 372 pastrma 17, 245 pat 1461, 1462, 1505, 1613, 1753; dale~en ~ 44; najkratok ~ 1353; obikolen ~ 1353; takov ~ 745; ~ove~ki ~ 259; mnogu pati{ta 1437; novi ~ 413, 1345 patlixan 299 peda 31; ~ ~ovek 1463 pekmez 1809 pekol 122, 1462, 1931 pelin 1042, 1208, 1848 pen 1052; nakiten (promenet, ubav) ~ 624 pepel 625, 1384 pes 48, 226, 673, 1177, 1182, 1464, 1548, 1608; besen ~ 1976; opsekliv ~ 1431 pesna 121, 1465; pesni 35, 991 pesok 752 petel 57, 1519, 1620, 1926; sekoj ~ 1721; dva petla 351; petli 626, 1165; bez ~ 595; na{i ~ 618; sekoe petle 1705 Petko, neroden 1179 petla~iwa 1399 petlici 807 petok 1672 pe~aleno magare 1466 pe~ena koko{ka 518, 1497; pe~eni koko{ki 1141; ~ piliwa 1263; pe~eno 1236; ~ jagne 53 piewe 677, 1385, 1468, 1544; pijan 105, 295, 635, 1085, 1093, 1183, 1393, 1467, 1468, 1469, 1470, 1912, 2110; ~ pop 1566; pijanica 342, 986, 1076, 1471, 1616, 1617; pijanstvo 1472; prokleto ~ 139 pijavica 161

pilav 1823 pile 696, 788; rano ~ 1638, 1820; pe~eni piliwa 1263; pilci 358 piper 1154, 1473; mnogu ~ 841; crn ~ 2032 pita~ 1131, 1949; brz ~ 672; pita~ka torba 1474; pita~ki stap 801; pitalec 339 pitomi (lu|e) 405 pi{ano 1400, 1410, 2103 plamen 1384 planina 210, 316, 570, 2014; druga ~ 1918; edna ~ 1918; sekoja ~ 1744; planini 158; visoki ~ 207 plata 420, 421; svoja ~ 1968; takva ~ 719; platen 843; pla}awe 1461, 1613 pla~ 2071; pla~ewe 262, 524 plevna 627, 644; prazna ~ 1187 ple}i 336, 1003; tu|i ~ 1917 pliva~, najaren 614, 1106 plitko 2076 plod 411, 422, 1698; takov ~ 721; lo{i plodovi 1254 plot 594 plo~a 831; plo~i 1432 plugovi 1980 plunki 886 pqaga (rana) 547, 1398; lo{a ~ 1017; pqagi 550 pqa~ka 710 poaren 1883; tolku ~ 966; poarno 19, 950, 996, 1164, 1316, 1427, 1489, 1490, 1491, 1492, 1493, 1494, 1495, 1496, 1497, 1498, 1499, 1500, 1501, 1502, 1503, 1504, 1505, 1506, 1507, 1508, 1509, 1514, 1515, 1516, 1517, 1518, 1519, 1542, 1882, 2102; ~ nekoga{ 1510; ~ nepravina 1511; ~ ne{to 1512; ~ o~i 1513 poblag 662, 1521, 2073; ~ ru~ek 1573; poblaga ve~era 1837 poblisku 1522, 1523, 1598 pobrgu 26, 366, 1849; pobrz 174 pobudali 688

 168 Bone Veli~kovski

pove}e 364, 887, 971, 1023, 1110, 1316, 1525, 1539, 1540, 1541, 1590, 1607, 2063; ~ bolki 2090; ~ godini 656, 2081; ~ znaewe 2090; ~ lu|e 1543, 1544; ~ o~i 1542; ~ pati 934; kolku ~ 963; tolku ~ 963 povikan 1733; mnozina povikani 1116 povisoko 237, 1559 povr{ina 209 poga~a 586; bela ~ 2037; beli poga~i 2035 pogluv 1303 pogolem glad 228; ~ zalak 1526; ~ zbor 1526; ~ katolik 1268; pogolema koko{ka 1971; ~ mudrost 1304; pogolemi jajca 1168, 1972 pogorko 1417 pogre{ki 1041 pod raka 1907; ~ sonce 1302 podaleku 389, 563, 882, 1522, 1523, 1531, 1598 podaren kow 1146 podobar 1532; podobra 1533; podobro 394, 1534, 1535, 1536, 1537, 1538, 1562 podopa{nica, crvena 1876 po`ar 621 pozajmuva~ 407 pozlo 404 pojak 170, 2060, 2069; tolku ~ 964 poklonet kow 1184 poklupka 32, 1957; svoja ~ 1697 pokonduren opinok 315 pokriv 1624 pokrien gaz 1547; pokrieno mleko 1548 pokrov 968, 1187 pole, okato 1549 poleka 814, 1550, 1551 polesno 948, 1552, 1553 poli (skutovi) 237 polica 1620 polna torba 1189 polovina vistina 239; ~ zdravje 2057; ~ rabota 810, 1577; ~ ulav{tina 1034; ~ usta 1545

polo{ 165; polo{o 549, 651, 1021, 1392, 1554, 1555 pomala riba 304 pomilo 1404 pominalo, mnogu 1105 pomognat 170; pomo{ 163, 1323; bez ~ 1605 ponekoga{ 1121, 1558 ponisko 1559 poopiten ~ovek 1244 poostro 687 pop 21, 179, 183, 338, 343, 519, 781, 1185, 1186, 1453, 1560, 1561, 1562, 1563, 1567, 1568, 1569, 1654, 1794, 2092; pijan ~ 1566; bez ~ 596; vrzan ~ 271; la`liv ~ 999; popova ku}a 1290; ~ }erka 1290; lo{i popovi 1224; popovo 1568; popuva~ka 1560; popadija 1560 popara 1382; poparen 1564; popareno ku~e 1565 popoleka 882 popradalnica, svoja 1668 porano 44 porta 7; pred ~ 1703, 1710; carska ~ 87; `elezni porti 138 poseti, ~esti 759 poslab 2060 posladok 13; poslatka 97; poslatko 1408, 1417, 2073; ~ grozje 979 posle, 324, 345, 642, 830, 933, 1593, 1594, 2077; posleden 1537; posledni 1571 poslep 1305 postar 1244, 1943; kolku ~ 964; postaro utro 1572 postela 157, 429; meki posteli 1081 posti 1764 postojano 970, 1960 pot 1575, 1837; bez ~ 123; poten ru~ek 1573 potkovan kow 531 potresija 191 potu~en 2073 potcenet 1714 poubavo 1404, 1576 poumen, kolku 966; poumno 2004

 169 INDEKS na klu~ni zborovi

pocrveni jabolka 2099 po~esti, golemi 308 po~etok 1043, 1128, 1577; sekoj ~ 1722 prav 965, 1579, 1585, 1750, 1776; ~ ~ovek 847; malku pravda 1101; praveden 1438; pravedni 1581; pravednik 1580; pravina 692, 1583, 1584, 1590 pravo (ispraveno) 352, 628, 1199, 1589, 1765 prazen ambar 229; prazna 2078; ~ bo~va 1587; ~ vodenica 552; ~ glava 516; ~ ku}a 826; ~ plevna 1187; ~ torba 1508; ~ ~upka 1587; prazni ko{nici 1209; ~ sadovi 1588; prazno vre}i~e 1589 praznik 826, 1867; mnogu praznici 825 praksa, bez 579 prase 197, 515, 773, 805; krastavo ~ 1391; tu|o ~ 2080; prasiwa 1778 pra{awe, kakvo 724; pra{uvawe 1836 prv 1537; ~ den 1274; ~ zalak 729; prva qubov 1591; prvi 1571; ~ ~ekori 1592; prvo 195, 324, 642, 793, 989, 1593, 1594 prde` 817 pred vreme 1277; ~ o~i 1221; ~ porta 1703, 1710; ~ svoja ku}a 1723 prekalen svetec 1597 prekor 1057 prekutrupa 1598 premlad car 1930 prepraveni svetci 143 presna rana 1024 pretsedatel, kakov 742 prefaleni jagodi 1188 prijatel 7, 46, 183, 1030, 1600, 1601, 1602, 1603, 1604, 1605, 1724, 2006; blizu ~ 1514; eden ~ 794, 1502; star ~ 1883; dvajca prijateli 1883; dobri ~ 390; mnogu ~ 794; mnozina ~ 1110; novi ~ 1883; stari ~ 413, 1345,

1880; sto ~ 1503; svoi ~ 1420; prijatelstvo 1606 prikazni, mali 1070 priroda 211, 1607; vtora ~ 1214 prle 727, 1239 prozorec 796 prokleti usti 1107; prokleto pijanstvo 139 prolet 461, 1815, 1820 promenet pen 624 promenliva sre}a 1871 propast 1798 prorok 1334, 1610, 1714; la`ni proroci 1441 prosjak 1189 proso 52, 283, 899 prostak 1943; prostotija 141 prosto (prostum, ispraveno)1589 prst 29, 434, 819, 889, 1247, 1621, 1916; prsti 1941 pr~ 629, 964 psaltir 254 ptica, kakva 718; lo{a ~ 1016; ptici 1614; site ~ 1221 puknato grne 1615 pusta zavist 1618; ~ mrza 277; ~ pustelija 1616; ~ rabota 1617 pu{ka 206, 486, 1619 pcovisan kow 2029 p~ela 221, 960; sekoja ~ 1745 p~enica 140, 1963; dale~na ~ 140; zrno ~ 507 R rabota 26, 37, 100, 438, 537, 786, 933, 1044, 1190, 1313, 1626, 1627, 1628, 1629; bez ~ 124, 1044; blagoslovena ~ 1628, 1630; brza ~ 1434; kakva ~ 719; ma~na ~ 749; niedna ~ 833, 854; no}na ~ 1686; polovina ~ 810, 1577; pusta ~ 1617; svoja ~ 1733; sega{na ~ 1261; sekoja ~ 1577; raboti 1242, 1246; dobri ~ 188; mnogu ~ 833, 854; nivni ~ 1983; tri ~ 2107; rabotewe 1063; rabotnica, `ena 1767

 170 Bone Veli~kovski

radosno srce 768; radost 449, 479, 1306, 1482, 1632, 1907 ra|awe 263, 503, ra`en 570, 2014 razbojnik 1937 razbran 520 razum 223, 224 raj 122, 914, 919, 1656, 1762, 1950, 1951 raka 22, 29, 111, 182, 290, 414, 680, 1488, 1621; ~ urda 506; druga ~ 463, 1561; edna ~ 206, 463, 506, 1561; pod ~ 1907; tu|a ~ 486; race 191, 1111; blagosloveni ~ 1107; dve ~ 206, 462, 1561; mnogu ~ 1107; nivni ~ 1983; obete ~ 463; studeni ~ 1901; tu|i ~ 1850, 1851; crni ~ 2037 rakija 738 rana 547, 1398; lo{a ~ 1017; luta ~ 1175; presna ~ 1024; te{ka ~ 1922; rani 268, 550; stari ~ 1262 rani siraci 408; rano 891, 892, 950, 1947; ~ pile 1638 rasipnik sin 1200, 1212 raska 642 rasol 1093 rast 311 rastura~ 1137 ra~ka 328, 1265, 1832 'rbol 1682 'r|a 274, 482, 1132, 1639, 2017 rebra 2102 rezil 203, 659 reka 433, 883, 1094, 1466, 2015, 2016; nikoja ~ 1339; reki 258, 756; devet ~ 1984; site ~ 1775 remen 1366; crven ~ 2030 retko 353 re~, arna 87; blaga ~ 138; dobra ~ 389; kakva ~ 720; lo{a ~ 389; slatka ~ 1788; te{ka ~ 1922; re~eno 1236, 1401; tu|i re~ovi 1506 v. zborovi re~ina (re{eto) 1671 re{enie 227 re{itelen ~ovek 1431

'r`, bli`na 140; tu|a ~ 1287; 'r`an lebec 1641 riba 125, 498, 1284, 1642, 1643, 1644, 1645, 1646; golema ~ 303, 304, 305; pomala ~ 304; ribi 439; golemi ~ 215; rip~e 435, 2021; rip~iwa 610 rikawe 818, 1062 Rim 795, 1648; Rimjanin 795 rob 1402; robinka 66 rog 791, 964; volov ~ 214; rogovi 194, 753, 813, 895, 1433, 2045; rogat 1803 roguzina 968; vetva ~ 1763 rod 1813; ist ~ 1614; rodnini 660 roza, najubava 617 rosa, majska 1066; rosica 1933 'rt 174, 1840; vrzan ~ 1811; gladen ~ 285 ruba 1650 ruvo 1651 ruga 420 ruda 668 runo volna 1652 ruti{~a (ali{ta) 1653; zakrpeni ~ 1920 ru~ek, poblag 1573; poten ~ 1573 S saat 1130, 2089; saati 258 sabja 680, 687, 1752; carska ~ 1213 sabota 1672 sadaka (milostina) 344 sadovi, prazni 1588 sakat 318 sam 897, 952, 953, 1004, 1557, 1620, 1655, 1928, 1973, 2074; ~ gospod 1654; ~ sebe 1000, 1036, 1863; sekoj ~ 1725, 1726; ~ ~ovek 1656 samar 33, 132, 300, 1255, 1678; samari trista 658; samarxija 18 sapun 1896 svadba 300, 867, 1060, 1453, 1483, 1601, 1660, 1661 svesno 1989 svet 441, 1191, 1280, 1430, 1455, 1663; ovoj ~ 1525; cel ~ 640, 911, 960; svetski kusuri 291

 171 INDEKS na klu~ni zborovi

svetec 391, 1172, 1190, 1662, 1867; prekalen ~ 1597; svetci 630; prepraveni ~ 143 Sveti Naum 676 svetlina 1719 sve}a 804, 1201, 1444, 1664, 1867; edna ~ 1190; dve sve}i 1190 sviwa 613, 702, 1192, 1469, 1665, 1666, 1782; diva ~ 316, 1028; sviwi 103, 1286, 1996; divi ~ 559; svinska ko`a 1403 svirka 1406, 1450; takvo svir~e 722 svoe 1720, 1838; ~ bogatstvo 1780; ~ buni{te 1705, 1721; ~ vreme 1669; ~ gnezdo 1016; ~ doba 1676; ~ dobro 1701; ~ zatoa 1700; ~ sedelo 1195; ~ sito 1746; ~ tele 1740; svoj adet 1706; ~ ar{in 1729; ~ dvor 1593; ~ dom 523, 1610; ~ zakon 1706; ~ yvonec 589; ~ krst 1709, 1728; ~ ma` 397; ~ tovar 1704, 1927; ~ trud 1735; ~ um 357, 928; ~ ~ovek 1838; svoja vodenica 1708; ~ zakrpa 1739; ~ zemja 1334; ~ ku}a 1404, 1578, 1668; ~ nagrada 1735; ~ plata 1968; ~ poklupka 1697; ~ popradalnica 1668; ~ rabota 1733; ~ senka 1680; ~ sudbina 1713; ~ tatkovina 1610; ~ te`ina 1744; svoi gre{ki 1144; ~ kamewe 1667; ~ prijateli 1420; ~ te`ini 207 se' 1669, 1670, 1675, 1676, 1685, 1687, 1689, 1691, 1692, 1693, 1810, 1842, 1906, 1954, 2022, 2064, 2082 sebe, 291, 861, 958, 1127, 1619, 1667, 1715, 1781; kon ~ 1741; sebesi 154, 866, 926, 1039, 1217 sevda 1324 v. qubov sega 365; sega{na rabota 1261 sedelo 802; svoe ~ 1195; sedelce 696 sedlo 511, 1176 seedno 999 sekade 20 sekakvi zla 1870 sekira 780, 1265, 1379, 1398

sekoga{ 128, 209, 251, 464, 1130, 1246, 1573, 1584, 1587, 2046 sekoj 58, 95, 259, 780, 801, 1204, 1266, 1329, 1709, 1710, 1713, 1714, 1715, 1716, 1719, 1720, 1723, 1724, 1727, 1728, 1729, 1731, 1733, 1734, 1735, 1786, 2026, 2101; ~ vodeni~ar 1708; ~ vrat 1235; ~ grad 231; ~ den 1711, 1712; ~ zakon 233; ~ kamen 1717; ~ kalu|er 1718; ~ petel 1721; ~ po~etok 1722; ~ sam 1725, 1726; ~ siromav 1730; ~ starec 1732; ~ ~evel 1736; sekoe vrap~e 1195; ~ vreme 37; ~ grne 1267, 1697; ~ drvo 1405, 1406, 1698; ~ zafa}awe 1699; ~ za{to 1700; ~ zlo 1194, 1701; ~ znaewe 1702; ~ ~udo 1707; sekoja bolest 1737; ~ bolka 1196; ~ vistina 1738; ~ vre}a 1739; ~ kapka 1066; ~ krava 1740; ~ maka 2001; ~ motika 1741; ~ noga 1736; ~ olxica (la`ica) 1743; ~ ovo{ka 1742; ~ planina 1744; ~ p~ela 1745; ~ rabota 1577; ~ usta 1743; ~ Ciganka 1746 sekojpat 89 sekomu 325, 1273 selo 279, 1225, 1290, 1490, 1537, 1747, 1748, 1755; mirno ~ 179, 271; sekoe ~ 231, 1706; selanka 1652 senka 25, 606, 913, 983, 1008, 1454, 2058; svoja ~ 1680 seno 96 sestra 1749; sestri 63 setne 989 se~ija strplivost 650; ~ vrata 1873 siva brada 167 sigurno 1550 sila 580, 649, 692, 1355, 1756, 1839, 1840, 1841; najgolema ~ 286; silen 2003; ~ ~ovek 1431; silna voda 175; ~ qubov 1045 sin 820, 1142, 1757, 1937; aren ~ 1173; lo{ ~ 1173; rasipnik ~ 1200, 1212; takov ~ 744, 746; sinovi 1909; sinovini sirotini 1914

 172 Bone Veli~kovski

sinor 249 sinxir 1026 siraci, rani 408 sirewe 169, 677, 679 siromav 61, 65, 78, 529, 754, 840, 937, 1142, 1197, 1198, 1199, 1272, 1430, 1618, 1653, 1758, 1759, 1762, 1763, 1765, 1911, 1974, 1991, 2025; ~ ~ovek 1730, 1760, 1761; siromasi 569, 738, 1027, 1081, 1222, 1764; siroma{ni 1632; siroma{tija 141, 647, 796, 1127, 1133, 1321, 1766, 1767, 1768, 1770, 1771; usilna (stra{na) ~ 1769; sinovini sirotini 1914 sit 1772, 1777; sitost 1977 site 797; 1596, 1607, 1715, 1776, 2025; ~ vrati 572, 1181; ~ guski 1774; ~ `eni 804; ~ lo{otii 1128; ~ lu|e 1773; nad ~ 1858; ~ ptici 1221; ~ reki 1775; ~ ~lenovi 774 sito, novo 1346, 1347; obeseno ~ 1346; svoe ~ 1746 skala 185, 493, 1663, 1957 skap 1779 skapano jabolko 473 skapernik 1938 v. titiz; ~ tatko 1200 skinati ~evli 2046 sklupca 507 skorni 84 skot 75 skr`av 149, 963, 997, 1407, 1780, 1781, 1782, 1783, 1784, 1937, 1938; skr`avi 569 skr{eno grne 1921 skuden 1924 slab um 71; slabo `drebe 1785; ~ ku~e 1786; ~ telo 442 slavej~e 1787 sladok 13; ~ zalak 729; sladost 827; slatka duma 1788; ~ voda 978; ~ lakrdija 1501; ~ re~ 1788; slatko 868 slama 498, 1361; slamka 947 slep 1201, 1202, 1790; ~ kow 1423; slepa qubov 1046, 1047; slepec 62; slepi 235; slepi kutriwa

(ku~iwa) 176, 1551; slepi~i{ta 176 slivi 425 sli~no 1791, 1792 sloboda 558; bez ~ 125 slon 1364, 1586, 1793 sluga 407, 1009, 1164, 1780; nieden ~ 1331; takov ~ 743 smea 1484; smeewe 177, 262, 1795 smetka 1796; smetki 390 smola 922 smrt 214, 521, 731, 1045, 1194, 1203, 1485, 1486, 1595, 1596, 1611, 1782, 1797, 1798, 1799, 1800, 1801, 1854, 1855, 1957; smrten ~as 1357; smrtni 1773 snaa 1931 snaga 25, 75, 912, 1525, 2031 sneg 1802; bel ~ 760 sobi 317 sovet 917, 1853 sovr{ena qubov 1852; sovr{eno 1529 sokaci 1976 sokolovi o~i 1079 sol 238, 1291, 1496, 1497, 1501, 1509, 1853; vre}i~e ~ 51; solena voda 1374 solzi 35, 1205 Solomon, Mudriot 397 somun, topol 556 son 234, 1245, 1408, 1854, 1855 sonce 104, 619, 639, 697, 1279, 1478, 1529, 1590, 1802, 1856, 1857, 1858, 1859, 1919; pod ~ 1302 sosed 9, 1532 v. kom{ija; dobar ~ 385 spasenie 1965 spe~alena stoka 81; nepravedno spe~aleno 1314 sproti svetec 1867; ~ veter 886, 1256 sram 1196, 1322, 1409, 1428, 1771, 1868, 1895, 1896, 1944; nov ~ 1879; sramota 326, 1897 srebrenici 1869; srebro 544, 1602; mnogu ~ 1504; srebroqubie 1870 sredstvo 2028

 173 INDEKS na klu~ni zborovi

sre}a 397, 652, 798, 1872, 1873, 1960, 2086; lo{a ~ 150; promenliva ~ 1871; dve sre}i 891; sre}en 1595 srce 137, 220, 346, 472, 542, 690, 732, 1013, 1083, 1095, 1100, 1172, 1178, 1208, 1387, 1424, 1522, 1531, 1848, 1992, 2081, 2085, 2105; blagodarno ~ 2082; veselo ~ 193, 970; krotko ~ 656; ludo ~ 1995; radosno ~ 768; toplo ~ 1901; ~ove~ko ~ 204; {iroko ~ 2082; srca 151 stado 929, 932, 1812; edno ~ 448; sekoe ~ 232; celo ~ 460; ov~ki stada 564 Stambol 1836, 1893 stap 341, 703, 709, 765, 772, 820, 873, 2065; bez ~ 1225, 1755; pita~ki ~ 801; stapovi 1874; dolgi ~ 317; sto ~ 1889 stapalka 1893 stapica 1011, 1076, 1223 star 1516, 1800; ~ bunar 1342, 1422; ~ vol 298, 1882; ~ volk 1875; ~ grev 1879; ~ prijatel 1883; stara magarica 1876; ~ qubov 1877, 1878; starec 1226, 1285; sekoj ~ 1732; umen ~ 1430; stari 712, 1881; ~ nerazbrani 144; ~ prijateli 413, 1345, 1880; ~ rani 1262; staro vino 1880; ~ grne 387; ~ drvo 1884, 1886; ~ ku~e 1885; starost 34, 541, 860, 896, 942, 951, 1625, 1887 sto vrap~iwa 1488; ~ godini 1519, 1630; ~ dram 1888; ~ oka 1888; ~ orevi 236; ~ pametni 14; ~ prijateli 1503; ~ stapovi 1889 Stojanova majka 106 stoka 324, 1137, 1150, 1173, 1407, 1916; aram ~ 81; arna ~ 88, 89; mnogu ~ 492; spe~alena ~ 81; ubava ~ 1997 stola, dva 909 stolb 1814 stomak 1414 stomna 348, 934, 1890; zdrava ~ 1108 stopan 272, 799, 1465; kakov ~ 743

storeno 1401 strav 828, 1301, 1409, 1431, 1767, 1848, 1852, 1894, 2007 strana, druga 1378; edna ~ 1378; dve strani 1859 stra~ka 788, 935, 1258 streja 1008, 1516 strela 549; najdobar strelec 616 striko 613 strogi vladeteli 1898; ~ zakoni 1019 strplivost 1842, 1899, 1900; se~ija ~ 650 Struga 733 studeni race 1901 suv leb 1517, 1902, 1903; suvi korki 281; suvo 477; ~ drvo 1904 sudbi bo`ji 1905; ~ neispitani 1905; svoja sudbina 1713; sudeni 1278; sudeno 1410 sueta 1906 surovo 412 su{a 6; golema ~ 1369 T tabiet (priroda) 211 tava 1642 taga 1632, 1907 tajna 582, 1908; tajno 1223 taka 730, 734, 735, 726 takva }erka 717; ~ kazna 739; ~ plata 719; takvi jajca 718; takvo 723; ~ grozje 716; ~ svir~e 722; takov 1829, 1862; ~ dom 741; ~ narod 740, 742; ~ odgovor 724; ~ pat 745; ~ plod 721; ~ sin 744, 746; ~ sluga 743; ~ ustrel 720 taksirat (nesre}a) 1888 tamav}ar (skr`av) 149, 1407; tamav}ari 569 tamu 1372 tanec 954, 1204, 1911 tapan 512, 965, 1911, tapani 1483, 1912 Tatari 1913

 174 Bone Veli~kovski

tatko 57, 381, 654, 748, 793, 1915, 1916, 1937; {tedliv ~ 1212; kakov ~ 744 746; skapernik ~ 1200; tatkov zdiv 553; tatkovina 1714; svoja ~ 1610; tatkovini brkotini 1914; tatkovci 1909 tvoe 631; ~ jajce 1518; tvoj bli`en 1039; ~ }ef 525; tvoja glava 1843; ~ glavica 1844; ~ palica 1844; ~ usta 1292; tvoi kamewa 1843; ~ o~i 642, 1506 tebe 1845, 2088 te`ok 1722; te{ka rana 1922; ~ re~ 1922; te{ki kamewa 752; ~ ~ekori 1592; te{ko 1007, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930; te`ina 959; svoja ~ 1744; svoi te`ini 207 tele 1386, 1527, 1528; svoe ~ 1740 telo, bez 2058; zdravo ~ 554; slabo ~ 442; celo ~ 774 temjan 109, 110, 1163 temnina 2091; temnica 43, 1919 tenko 762 tenxere 1267 terzija 1920, 1921; brz ~ 672 tesla, majstorska 431 tetka 930 te{ta 1931 tivka voda 156, 237, 1936 tikvi 41; tikven gro{ 85 titiz (skapernik) 1938, 1937 toj vek 1196 tovar 959; lesen ~ 1917; svoj ~ 1704, 1927; golemi tovari 308 tolku 967, 968; ~ lu|e 962; ~ poaren 966; ~ pove}e 963; ~ pojak 964; ~ umovi 961 top 1457 toplo srce 1901; topol somun 556 topola 633 torba 1579, 1831, 1949; pita~ka ~ 1474; polna ~ 1189; prazna ~ 1508 traga 622; tragi 2102 trgovec 113, 1953 treva 365, 711, 751, 1027; zelena ~ 561, 1282 trezen 2110

trendafil 1324, 1955 tri dena 1644; ~ dni 603, 1519, 1707; ~ `eni 1956; ~ ipol 683; ~ ne{ta 1957; ~ raboti 2107; tripati 1646, 1958; trista lakrdii 1959; ~ maki 588; ~ samari 658; ~ umni 456; tret 778; treto 471; ~ koleno 1314; trojca 1908 trici 1779 trka 1240 trkalce 1982; trkalo 1960; trkalezna para 1446 trn 1961; bez ~ 1324; zol ~ 576; trn~iwa 1955; trwe 1413, 1962, 1963 trpe` 1430, 1964; trpenie 1965, 1966 trpeza 1111 trska 693, 1967 trud 1969, 1970; svoj ~ 1735; tu| ~ 420; trudbenik 1968; trudewe 1299 trup 698 tu| gaz 1889; ~ imot 1006; ~ komad 2073; ~ kow 1849, 2075; ~ maznik 2073; ~ oven 589; ~ trud 420; tu|a beqa 150; ~ vrata 819; ~ koko{ka 1971, 1972; ~ manxa 238; ~ raka 486; ~ 'r` 1287; tu|i gre{ki 1144; ~ grobi{ta 1205; ~ zborovi 1506; ~ lu|e 1079; ~ ple}i 1917; ~ race 1850, 1851; tu|ina 69, 1113, 1641, 1902, 1973, 1974, 2074; tu|o 65; ~ azno 1006; ~ arno 1006; ~ vino 2073; ~ kokov~e 1518; ~ lele 524; ~ prase 2080 turkawe 1470 tutun 684, 1977 ] }ar 1978, 1979 }ev 1471 v. }ef }elav 129, 829, 1206, 1681; }elava glava 1207, 1985 }elepur manxa 1414 }erka 1480, 1757; popova ~ 1290; takva ~ 717 }ese 874 v. kese; }esiwa 63

 175 INDEKS na klu~ni zborovi

}ef, tvoj 525 v. }ev }or(av) 235, 1201, 1202; }orava koko{ka 634 }os 1296; }ose ~ovek 318 }otek 778 }ud 248 }umurxija 1490 }urk~ija 608 }utuk 624 U ubav 1720; ~ pen 624; ~ `ivot 1606; ubava `ena 914, 1149, 1992; ~ qubov 1047; ~ stoka 1997; ubavi zborovi 1846; ~ kru{i 1996; ubavina 1050, 1841, 1993, 1994; ubavo 805; ~ lice 1995 uvo, drugo 218, 1380; edno ~ 218, 1380 ugasnata yvezda 1197 ugnetuvawe 1998 ugodna `ena 1992 ugore visoko - udolu dlaboko 1999 uzda, bez 973; cvrsta ~ 513 ukasan 2000 ulav 105, 635, 1415, 1515; eden ~ 456; polovina ulav{tina 1034 um 14, 196, 311, 324, 403, 481, 529, 568, 676, 770, 779, 876, 945, 976, 1138, 1308, 1352, 1415, 1430, 1435, 1618, 1727, 1731, 1826, 1847, 1990, 2005, 2106; bez ~ 1756; golem ~ 1070; drug ~ 424; kakov ~ 741; lesen ~ 1923; svoj ~ 357, 928; slab ~ 71; umen 38, 635, 1515, 2003; ~ starec 1430; eden ~ 1503; umna `ena 1992; umni 440; ~ ma`i 1064; trista ~ 456; umno 2004; devedeset i devet umovi 357; tolku ~ 961 umeren 1954; umereno 803 umetnost, ve~na 494 umirawe 263 umira~ka 652, 1182, 1203, 2001, 2002 umren 636, 1318; ~ ~ovek 2006; umreni 526, 2007 umorni 335

urda, raka 506 urnek 1224 usviteno `elezo 792 usilna (stra{na) siroma{tija 1769 uspeh 1341 usta 542, 551, 916, 955, 1178, 1208, 1237, 1416, 1475, 1805, 1848, 2009, 2085, 2105; edna ~ 462; zatvorena ~ 219; medena ~ 1077; polovina ~ 1545; sekoja ~ 1743; tvoja ~ 1292; usti 1191, 1541; aforesani ~ 1107; kolnati ~ 1107; mnogu ~ 1107; prokleti ~ 1107; ~ove~ki ~ 2062 ustrel, takov 720 utre 198, 369, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 377, 637, 1261, 1496, 1497, 1630; utrina 378; utro 1487; dobro ~ 385, 396; postaro ~ 1572 u} (priroda) 211 u~en 1337, 1338; u~ili{te 1260; u~itel 265; najdobar ~ 667; u{i 194, 592, 593, 594, 599, 604, 813, 1416; bez ~ 753, 895; dve ~ 451, 1607; zaja~ki ~ 1079; igleni ~ 1553; u{ata gora 1549 F fazani 1141 fajde, bez 1605 falba 2017 faleni jagotki 1209 fara 660 v. rodnini filozofi 1119 florin (para) 1066 ftesen (kriv) 2086 H hartija 2022 hrabri 1240, 1872 hrana, najarna 1001 C

 176 Bone Veli~kovski

car 235, 338, 530, 1416, 1419, 1530, 1568, 1939, 2023, 2024, 2025; E|uptin ~ 793; premlad ~ 1930; carevi 1120; carevo 1530, 1568; carska brada 168; ~ porta 87; ~ sabja 1213; carstvo 587; bo`jo ~ 1553 cve}e 1994, 2026, 2027; edno ~ 1821 cvrsta uzda 513 cel 2028; ~ buquk 460; ~ grad 1164; ~ den 1433; ~ pazar 1956; ~ svet 640, 911, 960; cela ovca 1365; ~ ~erga 504; celo bogatstvo 1525; ~ stado 460; ~ telo 774 Ciganka 675; sekoja ~ 1746; Cigan~e 675 cigara 1087 crv 754 crven remen 2030; crvena podopa{nica 1876; crveni jajca 618; crkva 450, 789, 1523, 2031, 2093; crkovna vrata 1182 crn den 126; ~ piper 2032; crna bivolica 2033; ~ zemja 2035; ~ koko{ka 2034; ~ krava 638, 2033; ~ ma~ka 1695; ~ ovca 232; crni dni 126, 2036; ~ race 2037; crno 106, 127, 128; ~ kafe 760; ~ lice 1189 ^ ~avka 568, 1259, 1637, 2038, 2039; 64, 607, 633, 899 ~ad 27, 360, 1163, 1298 ~are 227 ~ar{afi 1536 ~ar{ija 84, 985 ~as, eden 457; smrten ~ 1357; dva ~asa 457 ~a{a 1313, 1543; ~a{a-dosti (prijateli) 1110 ~evel 1726; sekoj ~ 1736; ~evli 1536; skinati ~ 2046; ~evlar 2046 ~ekan 1078, 2047 ~ekori, prvi 1592 ~elad 1368, 1417, 1459; lo{a ~ 1636 ~elo 1728, 2070 ~erga 1276, 1622; cela ~ 504

~erep 1682, 2048 ~esen 38; ~esno 948; ~ ime 1504; ~est 216, 287, 661, 695, 1280, 1318, 1430, 2049, 2050, 2051; bez ~ 124, 1610 ~esti poseti 759; ~esto 1614 ~e{el 1206; ~e{li 655 ~e{ma, begliska (begli~ka) 1148, 1264 ~ivija 2052 v. klin ~irak 1945 ~ist 2054; ~ esap 2055; ~ista misla 1988; ~isti 527; ~isto 527, 1344; ~ lice 1211; ~istota 2056, 2057 ~iflik 1502 ~len 774; ~lenovi 774 ~ovek 2, 14, 38, 75, 77, 78, 134, 159, 161, 186, 200, 203, 205, 216, 274, 302, 324, 331, 366, 376, 450, 451, 462, 474, 479, 492, 495, 557, 574, 639, 653, 654, 704, 792, 801, 974, 1023, 1068, 1132, 1177, 1308, 1310, 1322, 1354, 1368, 1371, 1385, 1409, 1418, 1427, 1513, 1595, 1626, 1653, 1750, 1847, 1923, 1948, 1955, 2027, 2040, 2041, 2042, 2043, 2044, 2045, 2058, 2059, 2060, 2061, 2063, 2064, 2065, 2066, 2067, 2068, 2069, 2070, 2071, 2085, 2098; aren ~ 93, 847; bogat ~ 154; budala ~ 392; gladen ~ 281, 1589; gre{en ~ 983; dobar ~ 392; kriv ~ 847, 983; lo{ ~ 56, 157, 847, 1018; lut ~ 1030, 1036; peda ~ 1463; poopiten ~ 1244; prav ~ 847; re{itelen ~ 1431; sam ~ 1656; svoj ~ 1838; silen ~ 1431; siromav ~ 1760, 1761; }ose ~ 318; umren ~ 2006; {irok ~ 2081; ~ove~ki 337, 653; ~ pat 259; ~ usti 2062; ~ove~ko srce 204; ~ove{tina 410 ~orba 387; ~orbaxija 1490 ~uda 269; sekoe ~udo 1707 ~uma 674, 1472 ~un 2076 ~upka, prazna 1587 X

 177 INDEKS na klu~ni zborovi

xamija 790 xeb 1563, 1567; xepovi 1846 xeza 421 [ {aka 1804, 1835, 2077 v. {ega {apka 2078 {ega 239, 342, 898, 1058, 1226, 1227, 1804, 1835, 2079 v. {aka {e}er 46, 1496, 1935 {ip 184

{irok ~ovek 2081; {iroko srce 2082 {kolka 230 {tedliv tatko 1212 {teta 1444 {tica, gnila 1156 {trkol 108 {ugav kow 458 {uma 1253 {uplivi jabolka 2099, 2100 {utar(ka) 1682, 2048 {~rbol 1682

D E L II / P A R T II

ENGLISH-MACEDONIAN PARALLELS OF EQUIVALENT PROVERBS ANGLISKO-MAKEDONSKI POSLOVI^NI PARALELI

INTRODUCTION

This bilingual comparative dictionary of proverbs and sayings contains more than 2,000 semantic units including Macedonian and English entries followed by its analogues in the comparing language. Any proverb or saying can be easily located in the subject indexes by its initial word or key words. The first part of the present Macedonian-English and English-Macedonian Dictionary of equivalent proverbs contains 2,110 and the second one 1,183 entries. Apart from the main proverb in each entry, the variants and synonyms of the proverb are given, as well as a literal translation, a logical interpretation, the Macedonian correspondences and illustrative material from the cited sources. This work is actually a collection of parallel proverbs and sayings in two directions, and it is mainly aimed to proverb scholars but it can also be of help to translators and language specialists. The book could be of great interest for a broad audience: learners and teachers, lecturers of Macedonian in English-speaking countries as well. By definition, equivalent proverbs are those which express the same concept literally or metaphorically. This concise juxtapositional dictionary of proverbs and sayings is in fact a collection of wisdom of the common people, both from the past and the present time, for a great deal of the proverbs are created by different strata of the Macedonian-speaking people. They exist in today's Macedonian language spoken in the Republic of Macedonia. Comparing the proverbs of written sources from the 19th century with those of our own time, we can be given a glimpse into another world and time, and at the same time we can noticed that some of the proverbs and sayings are still alive and functioning if not in the same manner at least the Macedonians stick to the same concept of behavior despite the cardinal changes that occurred in modern Macedonian society, notwithstanding the new values, attitudes, and norms, a process which is still going on. These new values and norms almost always clash with central and unquestioned categories with which they often seem to be incompatible, because there are always people, especially young people, who rebel against the norms of society and express their attitude through folkloric channels of popular culture. Radost Ivanova 1 discusses this kind of contemporary folklore, the folklore of crisis and change, as Klaus Roth calls it 2 . The corpus of the present collection refers to folklore but it contains both folkloristic and ethnological approaches and methods. Some of the sources, such as of proverbs, sayings, slogans, etc. involve textual analysis, which is a
1 Radost Ivanova, Folklore of the Change. Folk Culture in Post-Socialist Bulgaria. Folklore Fellows Communications No. 270, Helsinki, Academia Scientiarum Fennica, 1999, 127 pp. 2 Klaus Roth: Bourgeois Culture and Civil Society in Southeast Europe - A Contribution to the Debate on Modernization, (NIF Papers 5/1997: 11).

 182 Bone Velikovski

traditional method in folkloristics. These manifestations of popular culture can also be discussed from an ethnological perspective. These minor forms can also be seen as a sociological barometer of a nation, a compendium of cultural data. Their focus is on the essential symbols of the popular culture, on their changing meanings and the dynamic processes that are reflected in these verbal symbols. By researching folklore, we can get to know about the people and their mentalities, about social processes and constructing new identities. Folkloric self-reflections of an ethnic group or a nation can spread to the oral traditions of the others and determine how other nations see them. A nation can be interpreted as a living organism whose world-view is reflected in folklore. The relationship between tradition and innovation in folklore is a constant research problem, and as topical now as it was in the recent past, although the approaches and emphases have changed. Thus, similar historical processes can be traced both in folklore and folkloristics. It is well known the cyclic nature of folklore and in general. However, channels of folklore transmission have changed and become more diverse. Macedonia is situated in the central part of the Balkans. Because of its situation, the Balkan Peninsula has since ancient times been a bridge between the East and the West. The main roads between Asia and Europe ran across it. They were lively communication lines between the two continents. Many tribes and peoples crossed the Peninsula or settled on it. Some of the latter were absorbed by other ethnical groups and disappeared. The Turks came to the Balkans in the 14th century; their domination gradually spread and even went beyond the boundaries of the Balkan Peninsula. Several Balkan peoples lived for centuries within the framework of the Ottoman State. Many Turks settled in different parts of the Peninsula. They lived in close contact with the local population and passed on to them something of their folklore. There existed cultural contacts among the Balkan peoples before and after the Ottoman conquest. It is amazing to notice how great is the number of parallels in their folklore, particularly in the sphere of proverbs, sayings, songs and tales. The present work is a contribution to the study of one of the most interesting folklore genres of proverbs and sayings. I have selected the abovementioned number of proverbial parallels, which together with some variants considerably surpass it. The majority of them have correspondences, undoubtedly due to the same way of thinking and common origin inherited from the religious or literary sources. I have done my best to make this collection as complete and precise as possible, but naturally the collected material is not quite exhaustive. The vast number of parallel proverbs and sayings is a proof in itself of the existence of great cultural and spiritual ties between the European countries. The features they have in common are not only because they are members of the same civilization, but also to the social, economic and cultural relations which have existed in Europe over the past centuries.

 183 INTRODUCTION

I would like to point out that many proverbs and sayings of Turkish and Greek origin has been either translated literally into the Macedonian language or has been only slightly changed in the course of history. I must also stress the fact that there are many parallel proverbs that come from outside the Balkan Peninsula, although the local population looks upon them as typically their own. Many of them are of Arab, Persian and Armenian origin and have been brought to the Balkan Peninsula by the Turks. The number of Latin proverbs is also considerable they have come down to us from the time of the Roman domination on the Peninsula, or came later with the Crusaders; some of them were brought by merchants trading with Italy via Venice, Dubrovnik or other towns on the Adriatic. The study of such removed epochs is outside the aims of the present work. Of course, the folklore of the Macedonian people contains many original, purely local sayings, but the number of parallels (of Balkan or other origin) is really significant and that is why I have made them the object of this study. They speak of the similarity in the life and ideology of the Balkan peoples, which are not only neighbors but also had to a certain extent a common history during the time of the Turkish domination 3 . The parallels reveal the same feelings, moral and ethical values. We can see from the classification of the proverbs and sayings in groups according to subject matter how close are the ideas of the Macedonian and English peoples concerning all the spheres of human activity. The proverbs and sayings figuring in the collection are arranged in alphabetic order, in the Macedonian-English section, and according the key words (alphabetically) in the English-Macedonian part; all the parallels are given immediately underneath. All found Macedonian and English variants are also given. This Macedonian-English and English-Macedonian Dictionary of equivalent proverbs demonstrates that both tongues contain hundreds of the same proverbs with the same implications and manifests the proximity of our cultures and the links which reunite us. Many regions of contemporary Republic of Macedonia also contributed considerably to the treasury of Macedonian proverbs. Brief aphorisms associated with anecdotes are another important source for Macedonian proverbs. Here are a few examples: "The frog saw how the horses were shod, so she also lifted up her foot"; "The mouse, though it could not squeeze into the hole, had a pumpkin tied to its tail"; "They asked the wolf, 'Why is your neck so thick?' 'Because I do my own work myself,' he answered"; "They asked the old ox whether he preferred old or new fields to plough: 'As long as the yoke is on my neck, it's all the same to me,' he answered." In addition, many stories and tales are the biggest and richest anecdotal source for Macedonian proverbs. They contain many proverbs, idioms, and some of these anecdotes, associated with certain proverbs and idioms are incorporated in this book.
3

Nikolai I. Ikonomov, Folk Wisdom of the Balkan Peoples : Parallel Proverbs and Sayings in Bulgarian, Serbian, Turkish, Rumanian, Albanian and Greek, Sofia, Publishing House of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Balkan Studies, 1968, p. 322.

 184 Bone Velikovski

The orthodox fate inspired many proverbs in the Macedonian language. A great number of proverbs and sayings are either from different chapters in the Holy Bible, or The Sayings of Solomon (or The proverbs of Solomon, or Solomon's Advice to His Son): "A soft answer turneth away wrath"; "The borrower is servant to the lender"; "Fools are wise as long as silent"; "A good friend is my nearest relation"; "Iron whets iron"; "The joy of the heart makes the face fair"; "A contented mind is a continual feast", etc. It is a well known fact that numerous Macedonian proverbs are of Turkish origin; some Western authors often contest the Turkish proverbs' origin. For instance the proverb, "The guest is not welcome to a guest, but both are not to the host" is recognized as an Albanian one, though it is Turkish 4 and can be met as a Serbian proverb in the famous collection of proverbs that has been assembled by the language reformer Karadjich, in the first edition that dates from the year 1849. 5 It is also registered among the Macedonians. Rosalind Fergusson 6 quotes as English proverbs "Every sheep is hung by its own leg" and "He that cannot beat the ass, beats the saddle that are known both in the Turkish collection of proverbs appended to Teshil (published in 1480) and in the Macedonian one (from 1954). 7 Here are other examples, which show that the proverbs of Turkish origin have been translated almost literally into Macedonian. According to Nejat Muallimoglu, 8 Petros D. Baz, M.D., credits only two proverbs to Turkish origins: "God builds the nest of a blind bird," and "Rejoice not in another's sorrow," which have their identical counterpart in Macedonian. His book contains many Turkish proverbs which first appeared in Diwan-i Lugat-it Turk (1074), The Book of Dede Korkut (thirteenth century), Hibet-ul Hakaayik (thirteenth century), and Teshil (1480): "Use not the sword against him who asks forgiveness" (a widespread Macedonian proverb), which is from The Book of Dede Korkut; "One must beat the iron while it is hot" ["Strike the iron while it is hot"]; "Without thorns, no roses"; "All fingers are not alike", which is also found in Diwan-i Lugat-it Turk. Many of these variant forms are in use in Macedonia today and can be both heard and found in written texts. There are other Turkish proverbs appearing in this book which seem to have been taken as patterns and variants with the proverbs mentioned above, from Rev. E.J. Davisos Osmanli Proverbs and Quaint Sayings (1897), which was the translation of Ahmed Midhad Effendis Muntahabat-I Durub-I Amsal (1871): "It is too late to shut the stable after the horse is stolen"; Alms are the golden keys that
Nejat Muallimo}lu New York City September 1988, From The Turkish Delights, A Treasury of Proverbs and Folk Saying, National Education Press, 1998. 5 Vuk Stefanovich Karadjich, Serbian Proverbs and Sayings, Vienna, Armenian Monastery Press, 1849. 6 Rosalind Fergusson, The Penguin Dictionary of Proverbs, Harmondsworth, 1986. 7 Macedonian Folklore, Volume IV, Book 1, Proverbs, Edited by Haralampie Polenakovich and Kiril Penushliski, Skopje, Publishing Hous "Kocho Ratsin", 1954. (6979 proverbs). 8 Nejat Muallimoglu, From The Turkish Delights, A Treasury of Proverbs and Folk Saying, National Education Press, 1998. See also: Necat Muallimo}lu, Turkish Delights: A Treasury of Proverbs and Folk Sayings, Istanbul Avci}ol Matbaasx, 1988.
4

 185 INTRODUCTION

open the gates of heaven"; "The best apple is eaten by the bear" ["The best pears are eaten by the swine", in the Macedonian variant]; "I'd rather an ass that carries me than a horse that throws me"; "Every horse thinks his own pack heaviest" or "Every donkey carries his own burden"; "No one knows the weight of another's burden"; "Choose neither a woman nor linen by candlelight"; "Cleanliness is from faith"; "A cock is bold on his own dunghill"; "No road is long with good company"; "Stretch your legs according to the length of your quilt (coverlet)"; "Marry your son when you will, your daughter when you can"; "The dog barks and the caravan passes"; "We have two ears and one mouth, that we may listen the more and talk the less"; "Uninvited guests sit on thorns"; "One scabbed sheep will taint a whole flock"; "To the lazy every day is a holiday"; "The mouse that has one hole is quickly taken"; "Two (many) captains sink the ship" and others. None of these proverbs are among the 960 in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Proverbs, 9 which states that the proverb "The apple never falls far from the tree" is "apparently of eastern origin" (the Macedonian variant is "The pear never falls far from the tree"). Of course, Macedonians did borrow proverbs from other cultures and languages. After they embraced the Orthodox religion in the tenth century, proverbs of Greek a Hebrew origin began to strain into the Old Slavonic language in Macedonia. There are also proverbs of Arab and Persian origin introduced into Macedonian by means of the Turkish Language: "Free vinegar is sweeter than honey" is one of them. During and after the Crusades, Turks came into contact with the West. It is quite possible that proverbs as well as weapons were exchanged. The Turkish proverb "If a bald man knew a remedy, he would rub it on his own head" has its counterpart in Latin: Medice, cura te ipsum (Physician, heal thyself). In English there is a proverb "The fish always stinks from the head downwards." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Proverbs says that it is of Greek origin and first appeared in English in 1581. The Turkish version of it, "The fish stinks from the head," appeared among the proverbs attached to Teshil. This and "Every fish that escapes appears greater than it really is" are also cited as Turkish proverbs in the book published by the Armenian monastery of St. Lazarus in Venice, Italy. In this book, we also see "Do not observe the teeth of a horse given as a present," which The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Proverbs attributes to a Greek origin. The Turks and the Macedonians too have known this proverb and its connection with the Greek sample. Since human nature is much the same all over the world, our minds react more or less the same way. It is expected that similar proverbs will be found in different languages. An English-speaking reader may be accustomed to thinking of the Macedonians as differing widely from himself or herself in habits of thought, yet, as one can see, many English and American proverbs have counterparts in
9

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Proverbs, Edited by John Simpson and Jennifer Speake, Third Edition, Oxford University Press, 1999.

 186 Bone Velikovski

Macedonian. Because of the influence of environment and climate, different peoples vary in rendering the same idea. In England, not enough sunshine but plenty of rain inspired "Make hay while the sun shines", but in arid Macedonia, "The rains of May, pay the debts" and "Every drop of dew in May is worth a golden coin". In England and Macedonia "There is no smoke without fire", a picture of the cold climate; but in Macedonia, a country with a continental climate, "No leaf flutters without a wind", offers a picture of open-air pastoral life. By one of countless definitions, the proverb is a traditional saying, which offers advice or presents a moral in a short or pithy manner. As with proverbs of other nations, the Macedonian folk philosophy, distinctive regional customs and, above all, the peculiar flavor of the language and phraseology constitute the distinctiveness of the Macedonian proverbs. A close examination of these proverbs reveals observations about people and things, customs and ceremonies that are near to the oriental mentality, facts of natural history, fragments of poetry, and quaint rhymes, puns, and similes. The Macedonian word for a proverb, poslovica 10 possesses the Latin meaning. The Macedonian proverbs, "with the exception of a few comparatively modern ones, are mostly very old, dating from early centuries when the Macedonians came to the Balkan Peninsula and were leading a nomadic and agricultural life. The figurative rendering of many proverbs, which frequently refer to country life, can prove this and domestic animals, especially the latter, for animals constitute the main metaphorical feature and in figurative language of Macedonian proverbs. The concentration is focused on 'animal proverbs', on an available choice of a fair amount of texts containing words denoting animal referents (zoological creatures): fish, birds, insects, etc, but also the names of animal families and genera, like animal, predator, bird, snake, etc., including those in proverb and proverbial phrase form. The registered material about animals in both metaphorical and nonmetaphorical uses is interesting for research approaches that are able to relate these areas to each other - for example, the potential of cognitive linguistics for making inter-lingual comparisons of figurative language. Macedonian proverbs also tell us what the authors of those wise sayings cultivated and ate. Honey ("It is not by saying 'honey, honey that sweetness will come into the mouth", advises us that only action produces results, not talking about things to be done), milk, yogurt, bread, rice, wheat, grapes, apple, pear, cucumber ("A cucumber being given to a poor man, he did not accept it, because it was crooked", is a reference to ingratitude), beans, salt, onion, garlic ("Your mouth will not smell if you do not eat garlic", tells us that a clear conscience does not fear accusation), sugar, eggplant ("When his is angry, his nose swells to the size of an eggplant", implies that the angry man cannot control himself), vinegar ("You can't get both wine and vinegar to flow from the same barrel at the same time"), and watermelon ("One cannot carry two watermelons under one armpit", is a warning
10

pogovorka corresponds to the English saying.

 187 INTRODUCTION

against doing more than one thing at a time), or "You can't carry two watermelons under the same arm". This saying is also used when someone wants to achieve two aims at the same time and ends up achieving neither); they are all employed metaphorically in these proverbs. The Turks disseminated their proverbs in the Balkan countries when they occupied them; the natives of those countries have kept them alive. Albanian, Bulgarian 11 , Hungarian, Romanian, and the different languages of the exYugoslavia including the Macedonian, all contain large numbers of proverbs from Turkish. Professor S. Topalian, an Armenian scholar at the School of Oriental Studies in London in the 1930s, pointed out that "Turkish proverbs with their idyllic rendering remind one of the teachings of Christ who took his similes from shepherds and lambs, from flowers and seeds, and this perhaps explains the reason why they are cherished so much by the Christian subjects of the former Ottoman Empire, who hold them in great respect and affection." 12 In trying to understand a proverb, the peculiarities of its language should be taken into consideration. This will explain many points that might appear at first unclear and incongruous. In the English proverbs as well as in the Macedonian ones, there is a reasonable contrast of one with two. "One bird in the hand is better than two in the bush [branch]", or 'three': "Fish and guests stink after three days"; or, for the sake of rhyme, "One stitch in time saves nine"; but sometimes, on all similar occasions the Macedonian, has 'hundred': "Better three days as a rooster, than a hundred years as a hen"; "Work as if you'd live a hundred years, and think as if you'd die tomorrow"; "A fool may throw a stone into a well, which a hundred wise men cannot pull out", or 'three hundred': "A crazy man throws a rock down a well, and three hundred wise men can't fish it out"; "When there is oppression, the people suffer three hundred miseries"; "In time of war, the people suffer three hundred calamities"; "If you have the back for it, three hundred saddles can easily be found"; or even 'a thousand': "The one said one price, the other another (one thousand), and they made a good agreement"; "Whoever understands, will grasp it with a single word; whoever doesn't, will be in the dark after a thousand repetitions"; "Measure a thousand times before cutting once", and also: "Measure a three times before cutting once", etc. A superficial explanation will attribute this to inherited Oriental exaggeration, but the true explanation lies in the fact that the Turkish words for a thousand and one 'bin, bir', have an alliteration and euphonic charm almost too strong to resist", and these proverbs were automatically translated from the Turkish into Macedonian. Similar examples are the following ones: "He who looks for a

Nikolai I. Ikonomov, Folk Wisdom of the Balkan Peoples : Parallel Proverbs and Sayings in Bulgarian, Serbian, Turkish, Rumanian, Albanian and Greek, Sofia, Publishing House of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Balkan Studies, 1968. (It contains many Macedonian proverbs and sayings considered as Bulgarian). 12 Necat Muallimo}lu, Turkish Delights: A Treasury of Proverbs and Folk Sayings, Istanbul Avci}ol Matbaasx, 1988.

11

 188 Bone Velikovski

friend without fault, remains without a friend"; "A man who is drenched does not fear rain"; "The mouse that has only one hole in soon caught". A preferred type of Macedonian proverb consists of two complementary clauses. We find the same sort of parallelism sometimes in English: "Two blacks do not make a white; two wrongs do not make a right". This balanced structure is highly characteristic of Macedonian proverbs: "A man becomes experienced by being defeated; a scholar, by making mistakes"; "He who is well-fed does not know the one who is hungry; he who is well does not know the one who is ill"; "Moisture ruins the wall; grief ruins the man"; "Worn cotton does not become doth; the old enemy does not become a friend". Alliteration, as in many English proverbs (e.g., "Where there's a will there's a way"; "A miss is as good as a mile"; "One swallow doesn't make a summer"; "Practice makes perfect") plays a conspicuous part in Macedonian proverbs together with the rhythmic effect produced by harmonious arrangements of syllables, or by parallelism, which is generally reinforced by internal rhymes. These poetic characteristics enhance the following proverbs: "What soberness conceals, drunkenness reveals"; "A thief knows a thief as a wolf knows a wolf"; "He that speaks the thing he should not hears the thing he would not"; "Do not look at the hat, but at what is under the hat"; "He that goes a-borrowing, goes a-sorrowing"; "One in the heart, another in the tongue"; "The face shows the quality of the heart"; If your friend is made of honey or sugar, don't eat him completely" (If our friends are good people, we ought to respect them and not to exploit their goodness). Often an element of quaint or humorous exaggeration in the Macedonian proverbs adds to their charm: "A neighbor's hen looks as big as a goose"; "The bald laughed at the scabby"); "If God listened to the donkeys, not a single saddle maker will be left alive"; "A hungry hen dreams she is in the barley barn"; "The old cat looks for a young mouse"; "Get yourself a beard; as for combs, you can have as many as you like"; "When God was parceling out brains, that fellow was behind the door"; "The head gray, and no brains yet" ("No fool to the old fool"). Like proverbs from other nations, the Macedonian proverbs share the common characteristics of proverbial philosophy: "Asked what made the world go round, a wise old man said: "Mind for the intelligent; money for the wealthy; patches and patience for the poor; and honor for everybody"; "Better to possess a gram of love, than give a kilogram of gold in church"; with its emphasis on courage: "The determined dog does not fear the wolf"; self-reliance: "God helps those who help themselves": work: "Work adorns a person, whereas laziness makes him hideous", "Work to eat, hide to have", "Work in youth, hide for old age"; prudence: "May God protect us from poverty and ignorance"; virtues: "A good bishop will not nominate himself for sainthood", and its skeptical attitude toward the world and human motives. Numerous proverbs are tinged with a titillating cynicism: "One makes the mistake and another pays the fine", "What's the use of having a beard, if his head is empty?", "If you don't know how to live, it is absurd to have many possessions", "He came to his reasons, but his godfather had left" (When a thing is

 189 INTRODUCTION

done, advice comes too late), "The donkey was invited to the wedding, but it was asked to bring its saddle", "He swam the whole sea, and was drowned at the shore", etc. A careful reading of some Macedonian proverbs will show that the traditional Macedonian society and to a large extent Macedonian society today is still somehow patriarchal. The father is the head of the family: "The very sigh of the father or mother takes effect, let alone their curse", "When a father divides the inheritance, he mustn't give with handful to one child, and with a finger to another". Because of their long life and experience, elder men are highly respected: "Whoever doesn't listen to the elderly, will remain ignorant" ("He who doesn't hear the councils of the elderly people will remain an ignorant", and "If you wish good advice, consult an old man"). Sons are more valued than daughters are, for they carry the family name and its tradition to the following generation. This should not be taken to mean that women are second-class citizens. On the contrary, they are very much appreciated: "The pretty woman gratifies the eyes; the intelligent woman, the heart". Motherhood is the greatest honor a woman can achieve: "A blessing on the milk he imbibed from his mother!", "The good mother says not, Will you? but gives", "When appraising the daughter, cast an eye on the mother as well", and "He that would the daughter win must with the mother first begin" these are some of the proverbs showing the high esteem accorded to mothers. However, there are some harshly denigrating and insulting proverbs about women that exist in Macedonian similar to those in the English language: "Long hair short brain" (Women have long hair but little intelligence). Numerous proverbs about God show that religion plays a very important role in an average Macedonian's life. As will also be seen when one reads the numerous proverbs on destiny, a Macedonian believes that events are predetermined and inevitable. He is sometimes a fatalist. A Macedonian is not a devout Christian; even before the communist era people believed: "Better to be without religion, than to be without bread"; his exemplary tolerance of other faiths is evident in the proverb passed from one generation to another: "God helps all people, including those of a different faith", "Be devout, but perform good deeds as well", "A man without moderation and restraint, is a man without faith", and "Like faith, like dinner" ("Like saint, like offering"). One must add that despite the high regard a Macedonian has for his religious leaders, the pops, he did not shrink from making fun of them when he thought it was necessary: "Give to priests, but don't ask for anything", "A priest or a monk cannot give, as he only has two hands one for blessing, and the other for taking", "A priest who looks at your pocket, does not care for people" (which is an allusion to pops' alleged stinginess), "Even if he were to talk of nothing but God, the false priest will not be believed by anyone", "Don't waste your breath promising anything to a priest or a monk, because they'll just take it anyway", "The priest has a keen eye for the wine", "The debauchery of priests ruins the people, just as bad workers ruin the fields and vineyards", etc.

 190 Bone Velikovski

Some Macedonian proverbs may resemble puzzling riddles for those unfamiliar with Macedonian customs and way of thinking. Here are two examples of that kind: "Whoever steals a needle, will steal anything". What the proverb implies is this: Anyone who accepts a task as insignificant as stealing a needle must be ready for all the obstacles on his way to achieve his goal, or a man must accept the full consequences of what he does willingly or knowingly; "Caught in a trap, the fox still looked longingly at the chickens", which refers to a ruling passion strong as death, or to one who looks regretfully back to things that are lost. When studying Macedonian proverbs, one sees the same sentiment sometimes expressed by different proverbs: "No one will give suck [breast milk] to a baby who does not cry" ("The lame tongue gets nothing", "He that cannot ask cannot live", "Dumb men get no land"). The proverbs imply that anyone who needs help must ask for it. Again, "An empty sack cannot stand upright" ("Empty sacks will never stand upright"; "Without Ceres and Bacchus, Venus grows cold"). The implication of these proverbs is that in order to have someone do something for you, you must give him something in return. No translation of any proverb, no matter how carefully done, can convey the true form and charm of the original. This is especially true of Macedonian proverbs since brevity and rhyme, which play a very important part in them, often have to be sacrificed in translations. Despite that, 2,110 proverbs and folk sayings in the first part of this book are classified alphabetically and accompanied by explanations, sometimes with their closest English equivalents. In the Western world, it is said that with the spread of education, the use of proverbs has lessened. This cannot be said of all Macedonian proverbs, for the teaching of proverbs is not only a part of the curriculum in Macedonian schools but there is hardly any conversation without mentioning, or alluding to, a proverb. Now some explanatory remarks about the problems of the type of proverbs relevant to compilation of texts for scientific collections, to systematization of a national stock of proverbs, to researchers of their history, variation and the development of their social content and artistic forms, as well as to paremiologistscomparativists. 13 Actually, the term 'proverb-type' is seldom met in paremiological literature and even more seldom its content is discussed, although through the studies of systematizers of folk tales or other types of folklore, it might not be difficult to define it. It is a set of national variants (on an international scale multilingual equivalents) of a separate proverb. 14

Kazys Grigas, Problems Of The Type In The Comparative Study Of Proverbs, Vilnius, Institute of Lithuanian Literature and Folklore, 2001. 14 A set is understood conditionally, as it is inconceivable to embrace absolutely all the past and the present recordings of proverbs and the cases of their usage in the written language. When systematizing proverbs and compiling their fundamental editions, the texts available in the depositories of manuscript stocks and in the most important printed sources are usually used.

13

 191 INTRODUCTION

In entire groups of the texts of proverbs the data of several levels often interlace, repeating or concurring in some respects on the one hand, or retreating from one another into separate directions on the other. Therefore, it is not easy to distinguish stable indications in order to establish the end of one proverb and the beginning of another one. In classifying proverbs and arranging them for systematized publications, the solution of these questions varies. There appear contradictions in theoretical studies, i.e. in the projects of systematizing the texts, in the introductions of proverb publications, in articles. In several significant studies paremiologists have discussed the type problem of proverb to some extent, and the systematizing of proverbs in general, laying out the author's conception of the type and the possibilities of classifying proverbs. 15 The famous American paremiologist Archer Taylor was the first to introduce the term 'proverb-type'. In his book The Proverb, 16 published in 1931 and recognized world-wide, he dealt with proverbs as an international phenomenon from different aspects, using the examples from English, German, Latin, French works. Referring to the proverb as a property of many national cultures, he called the equivalents of the same saying expressed in one separate language or by means of several tongues, 'the variants of the proverb', while a set of variants was called 'the type'. Discussing the ways of variation Taylor indicated the diversity of some specific details and the main features in proverbs, as well as in fairy-tales, ballads or in other genres of folklore. They are linked by similarities, the locutions being broadened either by duplicating analogues or adding contrasting elements or changing obsolete and incomprehensible details. The Finnish paremiologist Matti Kuusi stressed the significance of the monographic analysis of separate, representative proverbs in 1957, and he referred to the proverb as a set of variants, written down in different places and on different periods. He drew attention on the groups of variants, which appear as primary or secondary. 17 The analysis and comparison of equivalents, according to Kuusi, may help in solving the problems of the origin of the image, evolution and social functions of the proverb. In 1965 Kuusi presented the idea of a type-index of international proverbs, 18 and in 1966 he suggested the main criteria and terms for the analysis of the structure of the proverb. 19 He pointed out the components shaping the proverb on three levels: 1) an idea;

15 16

Kazys Grigas, Problems Of The Type In The Comparative Study Of Proverbs, . . . Archer Taylor, The Proverb, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1931. 17 Matti Kuusi, Parmiologische Betrachtungen, FF Communications, no. 172: 1-52, Helsinki, 1957, pp. 47-48. 18 Matti Kuusi, "Suum cuique", Proverbium, no. 1, Helsinki, 1965, pp. 11-14. 19 Matti Kuusi, "Ein Vorschlag fr die Terminologie der parmiologischen Strukturanalyse", Proverbium, no. 5, Helsinki, 1966, pp. 97-104.

 192 Bone Velikovski

2) a structure; 20 3) a kernel. Kuusi refers to the texts of different nations where the idea and the kernel coincide as the variants of the same proverb. The texts linked by the common idea and structure are suggested to be called equistructural synonymous proverbs; the texts with the same structure, and having the adequate kernel of a message, but expressing a different idea, might be called congruous proverbs. The article also deals with the ways of developing the variants incorporating additional motives, contaminative proverbs and compound proverbs are described. It is also shown that in variants some elements appear to be comparatively stable, others are mobile. A series of theoretical studies and issues of texts followed trying to explain and to practically demonstrate the possibilities for systematizing proverbs. Russian paremiologist Grigori Permiakov experimented on the theory of classification, Kuusi reported his projects of the type-index of international proverbs, some polemic observations were published by Estonian folklorist Arvo Krikmann and Latvian paremiologist Elza Kokare. While classifying proverbs of different nations, Permiakov did not pay attention to whether they were international or not. He grouped the Russian translations of proverbs of Oriental nations according to the logical-semiotic features which, in addition, were made to agree with the so-called topical pairs. Having analyzed different aspects of the structure of proverbs as the signs of conformable situations or interrelations of things, 21 Permiakov applied his self-made scheme to Bregel's "Proverbs and Proverbial Phrases of Oriental Nations" 22 and to other textual issues. Four classes of situations or situational invariants, including the existing and possible ways of generalization expressed in the form of a proverb, are singled out in the system. Dividing the bulk of the texts concurrently into two, Permiakov presented them in two sections in his last edition of proverbs and proverbial phrases of Oriental nations. Shaping groups make up the first section. Its essence is described in the subtitle: "Proverbs and proverbial phrases of Oriental nations, arranged with reference to the types of interrelations of things while inside them, by the means of logic transformation". In the second section the texts are divided into subject groups. Smaller sections in both parts are expressed by metatexts as well. Kuusi criticized Permiakov's system, publishing his own projects of a typeindex of international proverbs. He pointed out that heterogeneous proverbs also fall under types marked out according to Permiakov's system 23 and therefore to find a
20 S. Neumann suggested the term 'structure' used by M. Kuusi, taking into account the syntactic forms of a sentence, to be replaced by the word 'formula', "Zur Terminologie der parmiologischen Strukturanalyse", Proverbium, no. 6, Helsinki, 1966, p.130. 21 Grigori Permiakov, Poslovitsy i pogovorki narodov Vostoka, Moscow, 1979, p. 17. 22 Poslovitsy i pogovorki narodov Vostoka, Somr. by Yu. Bregel, Moscow, 1971. 23 Matti Kuusi, "How Can a Type-index of International Proverbs Be Outlined?", Proverbium, no. 15, Helsinki, 1970, pp. 473-476.

 193 INTRODUCTION

required proverb in Permiakov's system is as easy as to look for a needle in a haystack. 24 In his projects M. Kuusi does not describe the structure of the whole planned index (macrostructure), but provides the illustration of its basic sections (microstructure). Taking into consideration the fact that every proverb consists of the data of several levels and while searching for those stable on the universal scale, Kuusi describes the type in one of his most elaborate projects referring to the relations of binary opposition. A. Krikmann stressed the presence of essential and complementary meanings in these systems, as well as the fact that they assign sentence-shaped descriptions to classifiable texts. 25 He also marked out some shortcomings and questionable things referring the one and the other. The non-exhaustiveness of semantic characteristics and the patterns of hierarchic systems caused the strongest doubts. As Krikmann sees it, the poetic as well as the folkloristic sides of proverbs suffer in both systems. Proverbs are not logical or philosophical statements but phrases bearing figurative meaning. He says it is doubtful whether there is "any ground to speak of proverbial meanings as "potentials" at all, beside those actual meanings they have or have had in the tradition of concrete peoples, cultures, etc." Proverbs are complicated structures, and the metatexts presented in the descriptions of types are not capable of describing all the relations manifested in proverbs. If we would try to compile an exhaustive description of a semantic structure, then this description would turn out a complicated one beyond comprehension. However, it would show clearly, that "the abstracting or generalizing of the proverb's semantic description is nothing else than tearing a certain substructure or a particular relation out of the total structure at the cost of severing its ties with the rest of it (i.e., neglecting all other semantic information)". Krikmann has noticed that many similar units in Permiakov's work fall under different classes and that some classes repeat the others. 26 E. Kokare has regarded Permiakov's system from the aspect of comparative paremiology. She considers Permiakov's book as generally valuable and based on strict criteria, though it does not escape criticism. As Kokare sees it, the titles of sections and subsections in Permiakov's book are too abstract in many cases, detached from the artistic generalizations of the proverbs having figurative meanings. 27 Combining the two criteria (logical and linguistic) while grouping the texts, Permiakov could not avoid repetition. She notices quite a few cases of the same example falling under different sections. Too much attention is paid to the modality of sentences; too many small subgroups are formed. Quite different
24 Matti Kuusi, "Towards an International Type-system of Proverbs", Proverbium, no. 19, Helsinki, 1972, pp. 699-736. 25 Arvo Krikmann, "Some difficulties arising at semantic classifying of proverbs", Proverbium, no. 23, Helsinki, 1974, pp. 865-879. 26 Ibid., p. 865. 27 Elza Kokare, "Teoria i praktika sravnitelnoi paremiologii", Folklor: Obraz i poeticheskoie slovo v kontekste, Moscow, 1984, pp. 274-289.

 194 Bone Velikovski

examples are attributed to the same type. The titles sometimes impose on specific texts meanings which they do not possess. Here Kokare also discusses the question of the content size of the type. She states that but entire types, including synonymous proverbs and their variants, rather than separate variants of proverbs, must be attached to the edition of comparative texts. 28 In the comparative study of proverbs the national proverbs are compared to the ones of other nations. It also has to be discussed the problem of the type, formulating the following criteria for the ascertainment of the type: 1) The similarity of the syntactic and poetic structure; 2) The semantic adequacy of the image system. The stability of some components of a pattern, for example that of syntactic ones, is described by Kokare as relative, because different variants and equivalents in the complex of the type are usually expressed by sentences of several models; the data of other levels, i.e. the structure of the poetic image are more constant. As Kokare states, the cases where proverbs of an adequate artistic pattern are used in different meanings are very rare, though sometimes it is impossible to avoid the attribution of the texts, expressed by the same motives of an image to different types. The problems of the ascertainment of the type are touched upon in some aspects in theoretical articles. Hungarian paremiologist Vilmos Voigt, having analyzed one proverb in the form of a questionnaire, has formulated the idea that the meanings of the proverbs, expressed by completely adequate linguistic forms vary noticeably. 29 Their situational functions also depend on the so-called situational variants. In one way or another, the abundance of articles on the analysis of the structure of the proverb points to the problem of the type. For example, the American folklorist Alan Dundes, searching for constant components in the structure of the proverb, considers what the essential unit of the structural analysis should be: an image, a meaning or a formula for the modeling of the proverb. According to him, the latter might deserve the most consideration. 30 He drew attention to the fact that in the texts which consist of one descriptive element and have only one topic and one comment opposition is impossible. It demonstrates the impossibility of Permiakov's and Kuusi's principle of referring to binary antipodes that can be applied to all proverbs in the process of their classification. A significant statement for the understanding of the type is found in D. Burkhart-Chatzeeliades' article on the proverb as an example of the science of communication and semiotics. She indicates that it is inexpedient to reject the

28 29

Ibid., p. 282. Vilmos Voigt, "Variantenschichten eines ungarischen Proverbiums", Proverbium, no. 15, Helsinki, 1970, pp. 125-128. 30 Alan Dundes, "On the Structure of the Proverb", Proverbium, no. 25, Helsinki, 1975, pp. 961-973.

 195 INTRODUCTION

classification indications of the sphere of realities, as it frequently occurred earlier. 31 The material has been provided by the reality of some social culture, settling the essence of the micro and macro metaphors of proverbs. In this way the abovementioned idea of Permiakov's is indirectly discarded, according to which the realities form an indifferent construction material in respect to classification. The very first attempt to compile an exhaustive publication of proverbs encounters the problem of the proverb as a complex of variants and their international equivalents. Some compilers of proverb publications, e.g. the Dringsfelds, 32 paid more attention to the idea that equivalents of the proverb render texts expressed at times by very diverse images, while other compilers, e.g. Wander, 33 gave preference to a formal criterion, observing the principle of the allotment of the basic words only. Kokare followed her own principle for the distinguishing of the type, discussed in the earlier mentioned book of Latvian and Lithuanian proverbs. In it, she joined synonymous proverbs into one common type. She gave preference to the common idea rather than to the unity of the image structure. Therefore, besides the types in which the discussed congeniality of the syntactic and poetic is more or less sensed, there appear accumulations of texts, manifesting rather diverse and unrelated poetic images. In the information of the international symposium of paremiologists, published in Proverbium no. 25 of 1975, compilers of national and regional publications of proverbs are recommended to be guided by M. P. Tilley's, 34 V. J. Whiting's 35 and S. Adalberg-J. Krzyzanowski's 36 systems of classification. In all these issues complexes of variants, in which the essential elements of a poetic image concur, are presented as independent proverbs. One common basic word is found for every proverb (type); the types are allotted in the publication, considering the place of the words in the alphabet of a corresponding language. Because the collections published by Whiting and Tilley are not large, the accumulations of texts comprising separate proverbs (types) are comparatively simple. Texts in the types are arranged according to the chronology of sources. Adalberg-Krzyzanowski's great publication of Polish proverbs and proverbial
31 Dagmar Burkhart-Chatzeeliades, "Das Sprichwort als Factum der Kommunikationswissenschaft und der Semiotik", Proverbium, no. 2, Helsinki, 1981, pp. 141-172. 32 O. F. Dringsfeld, I.; Reinsberg-Duringsfeld, Sprichwrter der germanischen und romanischen Sprachen, vol. I/ 1872, 2/1875, Leipzig, 1875. 33 Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Wander et al., Deutches Sprichwrter-Lexikon, vol. 1/1867, 2/1870, 3/1873, 4/ 1876, 5/1880, Leipzig. 34 M. P. Tilley, A Dictionary of the Proverbs in England in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries, Michigan, 1950. 35 Proverbs, Sentences and Proverbial Phrases from English Writings Mainly Before 1500 by Barlett Jere Whiting with the collaboration of Helen Wescott Whiting, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1968. 36 Nowa ksiega przyslo'w i wyrazen przys lwiowych polskich, vol. I/ 1969, 2/1970, 3/1972, W oparciu o dzielo Samuela Adalberga opracoval Zespol redakcyjny pod kierunkiem Juliana Krzyzanowskiego, Warsaw.

 196 Bone Velikovski

phrases, on the other hand, includes large groups of texts comprising separate proverbs. They are divided into smaller sections, marked by the letters of the alphabet; the texts in smaller divisions are marked chronologically. The functions of the basic word are attributed to the words which are repeated in the texts most frequently, although those lacking the basic word attributed to the whole proverb are also attached. The stocks of variants selected according to this principle, make up the types of proverbs, though neither Adalberg in the 19th century, nor Krzyzanowski in his recently compiled publication have used the term 'type'. True, as in every systematic publication some disputable and questionable cases of binding and detaching of texts occur here, but it has practically been impossible to avoid these completely in any system of classification. Proverbs are objects of folkloristics and Permiakov has described proverbs as an object of research for linguists, folklorists and philosophers-logicians. 37 He himself was mostly interested in the shaping of logical thought in proverbs. 38 At the same time, it should be pointed out that he did not classify proverbs from the point of view of folkloristics. That is why his method of systematization is unsuitable for the research of proverbs as folklore phenomena. With certain reservations one could say the same about the principle of systematization adapted to Kuusi's global index of proverbs, undoubtedly valuable for researchers searching in the proverbs for the ways of stylistic-structural modeling common to all nations, though not respecting many other components of the structure of the proverb significant for folklorists. The basis for Permiakov's as well as Kuusi's system is formed by the data from the higher structural levels of the proverb. From the beginning of folkloristics, researchers have mostly been interested in traditional plots, characters as products of historical reality and social relations, and which are formed by belief, customs, ethical and aesthetic views oriented to those relations. Folkloristics evolved and developed as a science due to the process of collecting, systematizing and studying of folklore heritage, using historic memories preserved in the traditional, artistic and ritual word. For other sciences, such as semiotics, linguistics, sociology, psychology, folklore is an auxiliary means, a source of illustrative examples. The classification of folklore according to aspects significant to them is very limited. Folkloristics in turn explores the origin and development of folklore units, the problems of their ties to ethnic cultures, and requires methods oriented towards their essence. Though very different from other folklore genres in terms of function and relation to social reality, proverbs are, first of all, phenomena of folklore. They are traditional combinations of artistic words, their history reflects the development of social and aesthetic thought, and they are closely related to biographies of various
37

Grigori Permiakov, "O logicheskom aspekte poslovits i pogovorok", Proverbium, no. 10, Helsinki, 1968, pp. 225-235. 38 Grigori Permiakov, "O lingvisticheskom aspekte poslovits i pogovorok", Proverbium, no. 11, Helsinki, 1968, pp. 276-285.

 197 INTRODUCTION

ethnicities and of larger cultural areas. And therefore, the folkloristic aspect proves to be the most important for the systematization of proverbs. Folklore comprised of the major genres such as fairy-tales, legends, songs, ballads is narrative. The plot being the most common component of national variants and their international equivalents is the kernel of a separate piece of creation, the basic component of the artistic structure. While analyzing textual variants by the comparative method, the deepest layers of the past are revealed. The texts of common plots are presented in catalogues as types. The term 'type' was first applied in this meaning to the theoretical analysis of fairy-tales only, later it was used for other narrative genres as well. The catalogues of narrative folklore are most often called type catalogues and the international type numbers introduced in them are convenient for comparative research. For such small and common units as proverbs, it might be inexpedient to introduce numeration, on an international scale, and on the other hand, the verbal formulae of separate proverbs are not longer than a few words, which are easily remembered and reveal the essence of the work. In the tradition of separate nations quite a number of sayings, exceptionally national or common in very close languages are used. International types might get lost among them. The main criteria for distinguishing a type, however, must be as concrete, constant, and easily stated as in the classification of other folklore genres. Kuusi seems to have discussed and illustrated these elements most clearly in the above-mentioned suggestions on the terms of paremiology; 39 however, for some reasons he has ignored them in preparing the international index of types. He states that the texts, related by the common idea and the kernel, must be understood as variants of the same proverb. Consequently, they form the basic units of the type. In his examples the kernel is the motif, common to all variants, forming a corresponding metaphor in image-bearing proverbs and the constant argument of non-artistic generalization in those is understood literally. The idea, i.e. the thought expressed by artistic image or non-artistic generalization in texts of the same verbal kernel is commonly the same. This is determined by the amazing ability of a language as means for coding thoughts to limit and regulate denotative and connotative meanings of words and their combinations in corresponding contexts. It eliminates the danger of misunderstanding in cases of the so-called free and constant combinations of words. That is why in examples analyzed by Kuusi, the so-called congruent texts, i.e. those of the same structure and kernel but expressing different ideas, are very scarce. Synonymous proverbs are quite a different matter. The texts, linked by common or similar ideas but having a different kernel, are frequent. As expressed persuasively in Kuusi's examples, they do not form one and the same proverb. The idea, subject and semantics are derivative, abstracted components of the structure of
39

Matti Kuusi, "Ein Vorschlag fr die Terminologie der parmiologischen Strukturanalyse", Proverbium, no. 5, Helsinki, 1966, pp. 97-104.

 198 Bone Velikovski

the highest level. They become common traits when detached from a concrete image. The afore-mentioned compilers of the publications of texts perceived the basic component shaping the proverb concurrently with Kuusi. The material itself suggested for researchers who had worked individually to consider the proverb as an accumulation of variants. Already in the 19th century this idea was nearly reached by compilers of large publications, such as Wander, the author of the great collection of German proverbs, 40 the Dringsfelds, the authors of the comparative edition of German and Roman proverbs. 41 In recent decades the same principle of type shaping has been consistently applied and corroborated by the Estonian compilers of comparative collections and the national edition of texts. 42 The kernel of the image of the proverb is a phrase, being shaped by the structure of verbal variants. It is a concrete and relatively stable unit accessible to direct observation, and settling the organic unity of the image and the origin of the statement. Words as codes of realities and abstract notions belong to the category of lower levels of the structure. Words and their combinations form a concrete and stable basis for the texts to be compared, paralleled and distinguished, i.e. to organize the types of proverbs. The semantic data, for example, of those of higher levels are derivative. Analyzers, researchers, and rather often the very users of proverbs may interpret them differently, even in contradictory ways. Observing them as the very criterion for systematization, it is impossible to avoid the danger of diverse comprehension and ascription of the idea. They are too general and broad to enable a description of type as an organic unity. The experience of systematizing and studying of proverbs, and especially the compiling of comparative editions of texts, demonstrate that the data on the surface structure of texts repeat regularly or concur not only in national (monolingual) but also in international (polylingual) types of proverbs. Common motives in kindred languages and also in those belonging to different families are created by using the same or similar realities and abstract notions, expressing lexical equivalents. They are modeled with the help of sentences with analogous syntactical constructions. The more widely the proverb has spread in different languages and zones of culture, the greater number of variants, adaptations or regional versions of it are created. However, the unity of the main components, settling the structure of the image is, nevertheless, evident. It is proved in many cases by the notes, explaining the meanings of artistic texts and situations of their usage, found in collections.
Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Wander et al., Deutches Sprichwrter-Lexikon, vol. 1/1867, 2/1870, 3/1873, 4/ 1876, 5/1880, Leipzig. 41 I. Dringsfeld; O. F. Reinsberg-Duringsfeld, Sprichwrter der germanischen und romanischen Sprachen, vol. I/ 1872, 2/1875. Leipzig. 42 Vadja vanasnad eesti, soome, karjala ja vene vastetega, Somr. by Vaina Mlk. Tallinn, 1976; Liivi vanasnad eesti, vadja ja lti vastetega, vol. 1-2, Somr. by Vaina Mlk, Tallinn, 1981; Eesti vanasnad, vol. 1/1980, 2/1983, 3/1985, Tallinn, 1985.
40

 199 INTRODUCTION

Quite a clear concept of the type structure of popular international proverbs can be formed observing the Dringsfelds' comparative edition, in which a number of equivalents in Romanic and Germanic languages have been paralleled. 43 In order to elaborate on this idea, in the following the structure of an international and particularly old proverb is described. The proverb is: "He that digs a pit for another, falls himself into it". It is referred to in the Bible. All European nations know its equivalents and the Far East is also aware of it. The kernel of the proverb consists of the themes of the digging of the pit and the digger himself falling in. There is a variant of it, where only the first component (he/she digs a pit for somebody) is used. It also joins in the structure of the type organically. The unity of the idea of the equivalents is convincingly expressed by the context in the Bible or in some other sources if used in any other coherent narrative. The unity of the kernel of the image in all versions is evident. The idea of different versions, combining the motifs, implies that only the theme of digging a pit merges. The only difference is that the component of the digging of the pit is perceived more as an artistic argument while that of falling into it is understood as an artistic generalization or warning. In general, while dealing with versions expressed in a different way and by different types of sentences, we also perceive the adequate differences of modality of statements, coded by them, and their dependence on the linguistic context and extralinguistic situations in turn. While observing the correlation of equivalents, it is possible to guess some peculiarities of the external structure determined by historic development and ethnic environment. The fact that one version has got the largest amount of equivalents in European languages, gives rise to the thought, that its linguistic model may be the fundamental and the oldest one. Not all versions have become popular to the same extent in different languages. If the kernel of the image is understood as the fundamental component of the structure of the proverb, and only those texts in which the kernel is repeated are called the proverb's variants and equivalents, then it is inexpedient to supplement the type composition with proverbs expressed by other though similar motifs. Therefore, the texts having the motif of digging a pit are distinguished from those in which the same idea is expressed by, for example, the images of setting a trap or a snare: "He that sets a snare for another, falls himself into it". Its equivalents are also found in many European languages, including the Macedonian examples.44 Both complexes of equivalents and variants, though close on the level of semantics, function independently from the oldest times. Their images, bearing various realities and notions, were often used in parallel ways in the same language. They cannot be referred to as two modulations of the same image, because different metaphors have been applied to them. Expressing the same idea, they can serve as
43

I. Dringsfeld; O. F. Reinsberg-Duringsfeld, Sprichwrter der germanischen und romanischen Sprachen, vol. I/ 1872, 2/1875. Leipzig. 44 For that purpose see the following examples in the first part of this book: 666, 846, 1223 and 1248.

 200 Bone Velikovski

substitutes but one never repeats the image motifs of the other. Therefore, it will come in very handy to indicate the ties of semantics of both types in the system classification but there are no reasons to join them into one common type. In conclusion could be said the following: 1. The study of the type as the basic unit is one of the first stages in the compilation of the scientific collections of proverbs or their comparative research. The exact comprehensions of the basic component of the structure of the proverb, the consistent reference to its data are the conditions determining the scientific value of the activity. The component which forms the proverb as an autonomous unit and enables us to single it out from other proverbs, is the kernel of the artistic image, while in the expressions which have maintained their direct meaning, it is the logical combination of notions. Its essence is judged by the verbal structure of the text. 2. Defining the interaction of the other components and the kernel in his theoretical article on the terms of the structure of proverbs M. Kuusi realized the kernel to be the most important component, forming the type. Knowing well the material to be systematized, the compilers of the best scientific collections considered the kernel to be the essential component of the proverb and referred to them. The data is also used for the compilation of card-indexes of the stocks of national proverbs. The importance of the kernel itself is revealed in the comparative studies of separate proverbs. 3. Judging the type by the components belonging to higher structural levels, it is inevitable that researchers are lost in the unlimited expanses of common traits characteristic to proverbs. The content of the notion of the type becomes too complicated, the expressions, even of the diverse origin, acquire the status of variants and equivalents. Therefore, the analyzer is obliged to refer to the unity of meanings and idea if the data exceed the bounds of the unity of the kernel of the image. The systematization of the texts always presents some doubtful and obscure cases. The difficulties arise while observing the interlaced motives of the kernel, which are characteristic of diverse types of proverbs, confronting the contamination, the elaboration which sometimes change the image of the proverb considerably. Peripheral texts existing within the limit of two or several types come into being. All this compels the analyzer to ascribe or delimit conditionally and, in addition, employ references, combining two or more types. However, it does not diminish the significance of the kernel of the message. This is only an attempt to clarify some aspects of the problem on the example of a single genre (proverbs) and a single notion (proverb type). Paremiology and paremiography thus far have used primarily printed proverb publications (and earlier manuscriptal collections) and/or archival manuscript material as their sources. Not many nations boast extensive folkloric archives. Two conceptions about the typological nature of proverbs have become dominant, partly due to the nature of source material.

A Dictionary of English and Macedonian equivalent proverbs

A 1. 2. ABSENCE makes the heart grow fonder. Otsustvoto go tera srceto posilno da qubi. Sim. Men are best loved farthest off. ABSENCE sharpens love, presence strengthens it. Otsustvoto ja izostruva qubovta, a prisustvoto ja jakne. Var. O~i so o~i {to nabrgo se viduaat i se miluvaat. (Cep. 1854). Long ABSENT, soon forgotten. Negqani o~i brgu se zaboravet. (Kav. 2280). [~o o~i brgo ne vidat, }e zaboravat. (Nedeq. str. 185). Cf. Out of SIGHT, out of mind. The ABSENT are always in the wrong. Tie {to ne se tuka sekoga{ se krivi. Sim. He is neither absent without fault, nor present without excuse. ABUNDANCE, like want, ruins many. Izobilstvoto mnozina upropastilo. Out of the ABUNDANCE of the heart the mouth speaketh. Od prepolnuvaweto na srceto zboruva ustata. (Matthew 12, 34 / Matej 12, 34; Luke 6, 45 / Luka 6, 45). Var. [to ima u ~oeka vo srceto, toa mu poka`ua i liceto. (MNU 6866). [to izlegua od ustata, toa bilo i vo mislata. (MNU 6865). [~o mu na usta (na j'zik), to mu i na srce. (Kav. 3967). Out of the fullness of the heart the mouth speaks. Cf. What the HEART thinks, the tongue speaks. [~o na srce, to i na j'zik. (Kav. 3968). There is no good ACCORD where every man would be a lord. Begaj od ku}a kade mnozina se stopani. Cf. Where every man is MASTER the world goes to wreck. There is no ACCOUNTING for tastes. Za vkusovite ne se diskutira. Sim. Everyone as they like best. Tastes differ. Cf. Every man to his TASTE. ACORNS were good till bread was found. Dodeka lebot ne bil pronajden, dobri bile i `eladite. Var. Koga nemat pile, arna e i

3.

4. 5. 6.

7.

8. 9.

 202 Bone Velikovski

10. 11. 12.

13.

14.

15. 16.

17.

18.

19. 20.

stra~ka. (Kav. 1470). Ne na{ol Grkot koko{ka, arna mu bila (dosta mu bila) i stra~ka. (Kav. 2383). Od golema su{a samo gradot blagodaren ostanvit. (Kav. 2608). Deka nema do{ i grad e dobar. (MNU 1547). Sim. If you have not a capon, feed on onion. They that have no other meat, bread and butter are glad to eat. Better a mouse (louse) in the pot than no flesh at all. ACTIONS speak louder than words. Delata govorat pove}e od zborovite. Cf. DEEDS, not words. When ADAM delved and Eve span, who was then the gentleman? Ako site bea gazdi koj }e rabote{e? If the ADDER could hear, and the blindworm could see, neither man nor beast would ever go free. Ako ima{e Ku{a sre}a, }e ima{e i opa{ka. (S.M.). Much ADO about nothing. Mnogu vreva za ni{to. Var. @ito se melit, bra{no ne padinat (ne padvit). (Kav. 932). Sim. Much cry and little wool. ADVERSITY makes a man wise, not rich. Makata go u~i ~oveka na se'. Neolata um davat na ~oeka. (MNU 4321). Cf. EXPERIENCE is the mother of knowledge. EXPERIENCE is the best teacher. An ounce of PRACTICE is worth a pound of precept. A woman's ADVICE is no great thing, but he who won't take it is a fool. Ponekoga{ i `enata treba da se poslu{a. If you wish good ADVICE, consult an old man. Sekoj starec i znalec. (P.D. 3183). Var. Toj {to ne slu{a postar }e ostanit prostak. (MNU 6241). Kaj {to starite ne se slu{aat, i Gospod ne mu daat. (MNU 2684). Cf. If the old DOG barks, he gives counsel. Staro ku~e ko da lajt, trebit da vidi{ {~o e. (Kav. 3520). When a thing is done, ADVICE comes too late. Dojde mu uma, koga si otide kuma. (MNU 1731). Var. Koga dojde umo, ne go najde kumo. (MNU 2919). Mu dojde umot, ama mu pojde kumot. (MNU 3884). Po do`do ~umu ti e kla{eniko. (MNU 5073). Cf. When the HOUSE is burned down, you bring water. It is too late to shut the STABLE-DOOR after the horse has bolted. It is easy to be WISE after the event. For AGE and want save while you may: no morning sun lasts a whole day. Beli pari za crni dni. (MNU 460, Kis. 32). Sim. Keep something for him that rides on the white horse. Spare when you're young and spend when you're old. Cf. Make ample PROVISION for old age. Keep SOMETHING for a rainy day. Old AGE is sickness of itself. Starost - gotova bolest. Sim. An old man is a bed full of bones. A lean AGREEMENT is better than a fat judgement. Podobro lo{a spogodba otkolku nikakva nagodba. Var. Ednio edno rekol, drug drugo i se pogodile. (MNU 1955). Ednio edno rekol i drugio il-

 203 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

21. 22. 23.

24.

jado, i se pogodile. (MNU 1956). Ill AIR slays sooner than the sword. J'zikot se~it poostro od sabja. (Kav. 1323). ALMOST and very (well) nigh saves many a lie. Toj {to veli mo`ebi, polovina e laga. Cf. "They say so" is half a LIE. ALMS never make poor. Koj mu dava na bedniot, ne trpi skudnost. (Proverbs 28, 27 / Poslovici 28, 27). Var. Koj{to dava milostina, mnogu brgu osiroma{uva. (MNU 2923). It is not good that the man should be ALONE. Ne e dobro ~ovekot da bide sam. (Genesis 2, 18 / Bitie 2, 18). Var. Bez `ena, bez ku}a.
(@enata e predopredelena da si gi gleda i sureduva doma{nite raboti i voop{to ku}ata; sledstveno: vo koja ku}a nema `ena, taa ku}a ne mo`e da se nare~e ku}a vo vistinskata smisla na zborot.). (MNU 431).

25. 26. 27. 28. 29.

30.

31. 32. 33.

34. 35.

36.

Cf. A MAN without a wife is but half a man. Woe to him that is ALONE. Te{ko na toj {to e sam. He that serves at the ALTAR ought to live by the altar. Toj {to slu`i na oltarot, neka ostane pokraj nego. He that doth AMISS may do well. Na gre{kite se u~ime. Men are not ANGELS. Nikoj ne e angel (bezgre{en). Cf. Every MAN has his faults. Var. Niedna ma~ka bez opa{ka. ANGER cannot stand without a strong hand. Lutio ~oek et ordibozan (pobednik, buntovnik). (MNU 3569). Sim. If you cannot bite, never show your teeth. Lutio ~oek et turileke. (MNU 3570). ANGER is a short madness. Lutinata et polojna ulav{tina. (MNU 3566). Var. Lutinata e polovina budal{tina. (P.D. 1715). Besot gla |init. (Kav. 238). He that is ANGRY is seldom at ease. Lutio ~oek sam sebe se jadit. (MNU 3571). He that is ANGRY without a cause shall be pleased without amends. Koj brgu se luti, brgu i }e se odluti. A soft ANSWER turneth away wrath. Blagiot odgovor ja ubla`uva jarosta. (Proverbs 15, 1 / Poslovici 15, 1). Var. Blagata lakrdija `elezni porti otvara. (MNU 516). Blaga re~ `elezna vrata otvarat. (MNU 515). Parata `elezni vrata otvara i zatvara. (MNU 4902). Slatkata re~ i `elezna vrata otvarat. (MNU 5829). Slatkata duma otvara zlatnata vrata. (MNU 5826). Cf. Good words cool more than cold water. The ANVIL fears no blows. Nakovalnata ne se pla{i od udari. Var. Voden od do`d ne se pla{it. (Kav. 363). When you are an ANVIL, hold you still; when you are a hammer, strike your fill. Ako si nakovalna, dr`i se dobro, ako si ~ekan mavaj u{te podobro. An APE's an ape, a varlet's a varlet, though they be clad in silk or scar-

 204 Bone Velikovski

37.

38.

39.

40.

41.

42. 43.

44. 45.

46.

47. 48. 49.

let. I penot e ubav ko da e promenat i na}iten, ama pak si e pen. (Kav. 1243). Cf. An ASS is but an ass, though laden with gold. Var. Magareto si e magare pa makar noselo pari so tovari. APPEARANCES are deceptive. Izgledot la`e. Var. Ozgora mazno, ozdola azno. (@ena so vo{ki vo glavata.). (Cep. 1825). Odgore mazno, (a) oddolu azno. (Nadvore{nosta mu e prekrasna, no vnatre{nosta mu e sosem rasipana.). (MNU 4552). Appearances are deceiving. Never judge from APPEARANCES. Ne sudete po nadvore{niot izgled. (John 7, 24 / Jovan 7, 24). Cf. Under a ragged COAT lies wisdom. Var. Pod skinatite ali{ta le`i mudrosta. APPETITE comes with eating. Apetitot doa|a so jadeweto. Var. I{~av se otvorat so jadeweto. (Kav. 1272). Sim. Eating and scratching wants but a beginning. An APPLE never falls far from the tree. Kru{a pod kru{a padinat. (Kakvi se roditelite, takvi }e bidat ~edata.). (MNU 3324). Cf. A CHIP off the old block. The rotten APPLE injures its neighbours. Edno skapano jabolko, }e gi rasipe drugite. Var. Edna krasta koza celo stado (cel buquk) }e okrastajt. (Kav. 829). Seldom APPLES outwardly fair, ashes at the core. [uplivite jabolki pocrveni set od zdravite. (MNU 6931). APRIL rains for men; May, for beasts. Vo mart edna `aba da se izmo~a ima air. Var. Majska rosa sekoja kapka i florin. (Kav. 1901). Majski do`xoj pla{~et borxoj. (Kav. 1902). April rains for corn; May, for grass. A dry March, wet April and cool May, fill barn and cellar and bring much hay. Every man is the ARCHITECT of his own fortune. Sekoj e kova~ na svojata sudbina. (P.D. 3166). An ARMY of stags led by a lion would be more formidable than one of lions led by a stag. Cela surija goveda vodena od lav e posilna, otkolku edna vojska vodena od govedo. An ARROW shot upright falls on the shooter's head. Koj frla kamen naugore, na glava mu pa|a. (Ecclesiasticus 27, 25 / Sirah 27, 25). Var. Koj pquvat naugore, (nemu) pqunkite mu padvet na liceto. (MNU 3080). Sim. Evil that comes out of thy mouth flieth into thy bosom. Cf. Who SPITS against the wind, it falls in his face. Koj pluva sproti vetero, pluva na omjazo si. (MNU 3079). ART has no enemy but ignorance. Zanaetot najmnogu trpi od neznaeweto. Sim. Science has no enemy but the ignorant. ART improves nature. Nu`da radi zakon izmewava. (MNU 4487). Cf. NURTURE passes nature. ART is long and life is short. @ivotot e kratok, a umetnosta - ve~na.

 205 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

50. 51. 52.

(P.D. 991). He who has an ART has everywhere a part. Var. Zanaet kanaet. (Kis. 29). Who has a trade, has a share everywhere. ASK, and it shall be given you. Barajte i }e najdete. (Matthew 7, 7 / Matej 7, 7). He that cannot ASK cannot live. Koj ne mo`e da bara, ne mo`e da `ivee. Var. Baraj ako saka{ da dobie{. (P.D. 228). Nothing is lost for ASKING. Za pra{uvawe pari ne se zemaat. Var. Koj pita, ne skita. (MNU 3078). So opitvane duri Stambol se odit. (MNU 5921). So pra{ajne i Stambol se nao|at. (Koga ne
znae{ ne{to, sovetuvaj se so poumnite i pove{tite lu|e; za{to kolku i da e te{ko ne{to, preku sovetite na mudri lu|e mo`e da se nau~i.). (MNU 5932). So pra{uewe duri v Stambol oj{. (MNU

53.

54. 55.

56. 57.

58. 59.

5933). An ASS endures his burden, but not more than his burden. Ponisko tovari, povisoko pej. (Kav. 2984). Sim. It is not the burden, but the overburden that kills the beast. Cf. Take no more on you than you're able to BEAR. An ASS in a lion's skin. Volk vo ov~a ko`a. (P.D. 518). An ASS is but an ass, though laden with gold. Magare i na axilak da ojt, pak magare }e si ostanit, (}e si bidit.). (Kav. 1896). Var. Magareto si e magare, makar i zlato da nosi. (S.M.). Cf. An APE's an ape, a varlet's a varlet, though they be clad in silk or scarlet. An ASS must be tied where the master will have him. Vrzi go kowot kade{to }e ti ka`e gazdata. Better ride on an ASS that carries me than a horse that throws me. Podobro e da java{ magare {to }e te nosi otkolku kow {to }e te frli. Var. Magare vjaaj, kow fali. (MNU 3584). Did you ever hear an ASS play on a harp? Magare i (voena) muzika! (B.D.). Sim. A sow to a fiddle. He that cannot beat the ASS beats the saddle. Ne mo`it na magareto, na samarot. (Kis. 15). Var. Ako na magareto ne mo`e da udre, na samaro }e udre. (MNU 104). Ne mo`it na magareto, go bie samaro. (MNU 4306). Ne mo`it na magareto, na samarot. (MNU 4307). Ne mojt na magareto - na samarot. (MNU 4309). Se naquti na magareto, (a) se natu{i na samarot. (Koga nekoj, navreden
od drug, posilen od nego, ne mo`e da mu se odmazdi nemu, mu se odmazduva na tret, poslab makar i nevin.). (MNU 5656). He that cannot beat the

60.

horse beats the saddle. If an ASS goes a-travelling, he'll not come home a horse. Magare pojde, i magare si dojde. (Cep. 4565). Var. Never went out ass and came home horse. Sim. He that sends a fool expects one. Send a fool to the market (far, to France) and a fool he will return again. How much the fool who goes to Rome excels the fool who stays at home.

 206 Bone Velikovski

61. 62. 63. 64.

65.

66.

67. 68.

One ASS scrubs another. Eden {ugav kow ~e{a drug. The ASS loaded with gold still eats thistles. Magareto go viknale na svadba da nosi voda. 'Tis a sorry ASS that will not bear his own burden. Te{ko na toa magare {to ne mo`e da si go nosi svojot tovar. When all men say you are an ASS, it is time to bray. Koga site }e ti re~at magare si, vreme e da po~ne{ da rika{. Sim. If one, or three tell you, you are an ass, put on a bridle (tail). What everybody says must be true. When an ASS kicks you, never tell it. Da me ritne nekoj at ne me bole, a da me ritne nekoe krivo magare, ne mo`' da go trpam. (MNU 1411). You go to an ASS for wool. Pod volot bara tele. (Kav. 2934). Var. Pod volot tele ne se barat. (Kav. 2935). Sim. Look not for musk in a dog's kennel. He that washes an ASS 's head loses both his lye (soap) and his labour. Koj go mie magareto, naprazno si go tro{i sapunot i trudot. If my AUNT had been a man, she'd have been my uncle. Ako bide baba moma, ponapred dedo }e bide ergenin. (Ako edna nevozmo`na rabota
mo`e da se ostvari toga{ druga sli~na na nea }e mo`e da se ostvari polesno.). (MNU 21).

B 69. BACCHUS hath drowned more men than Neptune. Poj}e se udajle v ~a{a, otkolku v more. (Kav. 3050). Var. Poj}e umrele od jadewe i pijawe, odo{~o od glad i `ed. (Kav. 2950a). Poe}e lu|e umiraat od preaduawe odo{to od gladuawe. (MNU 5085). Grobi{~a od glad nemat. (Kav. 566). He would fall on his BACK and break his nose. Da padnit na ple{~i, noson }e go skr{it. (Kav. 641). Sim. An unfortunate man would be drowned in a tea-cup. Nothing so BAD but it might have been worse. Od lo{o imat polo{o. (Kav. 2663). Nothing so BAD in which there is not something of good. Sekoe zlo za dobro. (Kav. 3217). Var. Nothing but is good for something. Sim. No great loss but some small profit. Cf. ILL LUCK is good for something. As you BAKE, so shall you eat. Kako si solil, taka }e srka{. (MNU 2784). Var. Kako {to drobil taka }e srka. (MNU 2806). Kak' }e soli{, tak' }e jadi{. (MNU 2819). [~o }e zdrobi{, }e si srka{. (Kis. 20). As they brew, so let them bake. Cf. As you make your BED, so you must lie on it. As they BREW, so let them drink. Make not a BALK of good ground. Dobra zemja ne se ostava neorana.

70.

71. 72.

73.

74.

 207 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

75. 76. 77.

78.

79.

80.

81.

82.

A BARBER learns to shave by shaving fools. Berberot na ludiot se u~i da bri~i. BE what you would seem to be. Bidi toa {to si, a ne toa {to misli{ deka si. Var. Be what you seem, and seem what you are. BEADS about the neck and the devil in the heart. Na lice svetec, na srce v'lk. (Kav. 2161). Var. The beads in the hand and the devil in capuche. Cf. The CROSS on his breast and the devil in his heart. Edno na srceto, drugo na jazikot. (MNU 1966). Vo zborot go gleda{ blag, a vo srceto lukav. (MNU 877). So ustata med i maslo (leit), a vo srceto (poln e so) pelin i strav. (MNU 5981). A BEAN in liberty is better than a comfit in prison. Leb i sol da jadam samo sloboda da imam. Sim. Liberty is more worth than gold. Lean liberty is better than fat slavery. BEAR and forbear. Trpenie spasenie. (Nedeq. str. 192). Var. Trpe` mu e majkata. (Kav. 3656). Ako trpi{, ko beg }e `ivej{. (Kav. 134). Call the BEAR 'uncle' till you are safe across the bridge. Vikaj na vukot "vujko", dodeka si mu u jama. (Nedeq. str. 190). Var. I na sviwata }e i' re~i{ vujko (ili striko), duri da si pomini{ mostot. (MNU 2486). Ka`i na sviwata "vujko", dodeka da zamine{ mosto. (MNU 2644). Pokori mu se (pokloni mu se) na |aolot, duri da go pomini{ mostot. (Kav. 2961). Potkadi go |avolot duri da go mine{ mostot. (P.D. 2822). Sim. Once on shore, we pray no more. The river past and God forgotten. Cf. The DANGER past and God forgotten. Don't sell the BEAR's skin before you have caught him. Ribata vo more, klal tavata na ogon. (MNU 5392). Var. Z'jakot v planina, a toj r'`en gotvit. (Kav. 1105). U{~e z'jakot nefaten izdelkal r'`en. (Kav. 3791). Sim. Count not four, except you have them in the wallet. Do not halloo till you are out of the wood. Never fry fish till it's caught. Cf. Don't cross the BRIDGE till you come to it. Do not count your CHICKENS before they are hatched. It is not good praising a FORD till a man be over. Take no more on you than you're able to BEAR. Ne zemaj pove}e otkolku {to mo`e{ da nosi{. Var. Kolku ti e pokrovot, tolku pu{~i si i nozete. (Spored materijalnata sostojba pravi si gi i tro{ocite.). (MNU 3246). Pru`i si nozete sproti jorgano. (MNU 5276). Pu{~i si noyete kolku ti e pokrivot. (Tro{i, pravi saltanati ne pove}e otkolku {to ti dozvoluvaat materijalnite sredstva.). (MNU 5303). Cf. An ASS endures his burden, but not more than

83.

his burden. If the BEARD were all, the goat might preach. I pr~ot ima brada. (Ozna~uva star, no neumen ~ovek.). (MNU 2511). Var. I pr~on brada imat. (Kav. 1250). I ma~orokon imat musta}i. (Kav. 1207). Koga nemat glaa, ~umu mu e brada? (Bezumniot ~ovek ne mo`e da go ukrasi

 208 Bone Velikovski

nikakva nadvore{na i telesna ukraska.). (MNU 2932). Bradata arno

84.

85.

86. 87.

88. 89.

90. 91.

92. 93.

94.

95.

96.

ja ima bela, tuku glaata ja ima zelena. (MNU 614). Bradata mu siva, glavata mu diva. (MNU 615). Cf. The BRAINS don't lie in the beard. It is not the BEARD that makes the philosopher. [~o mu treba brada, koga nema um u glavata. (MNU 6957). Var. Zer deka ima brada, da itar saka da se ka`i. (MNU 2304). BEAUTY carries its dower in its face. Liceto go prodaa devoj~eto. (MNU 3515). Var. Li~nata moma so li~otata se prodaa. (MNU 3519). Lice pice prodava. (B.D.). Sim. A fair face is half a portion. BEAUTY fades like a flower. Ubavinata ne se jade. Sim. Beauty is but a blossom. As you make your BED, so you must lie on it. Kako si poslal, taka }e si legni{. (Spored delata {to si gi storil na ovoj svet prez `ivotta, takva nagrada }e dobie{ od boga po svojata smrt.). (MNU 2783). Var. Koj kak postele, taka i legnuve. (MNU 3031). Sim. As they brew, so let them bake. Cf. As you BAKE, so shall you eat. As they BREW, so let them drink. Better go to BED supperless than to rise in debt. Poarno i bez ve~era da legni{, otkolku bor~lija da stani{. (Kav. 2892). Early to BED and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise. Koj{to rano stanua, poarno ugodua. (MNU 3199). Var. Koj{to rano stanua, toj ne gre{ava. (MNU 3200). Koj rano stanvit, vesel stanvit. (Kav. 1656). Koj{to rano se obua, toj ne gre{ava. (MNU 3198). Koj rano ru~at i mlad se o`enit, ne }e se kajt. (Kav. 1655). Who goes to BED supperless, all night tumbles and tosses. Koj legnuva bez ve~era, cela no} se prevrtuva i jadewe sonuva. BEES that have honey in their mouths have stings in their tails. Vo jaziko med nosi p~elata, a na gazo (odzadi) otrua~ka. (Cep. 2709 i 365). Better BEG than steal. Poarno e da prosi{ otkolku da krade{. The BEGGAR may sing before the thief. Na prosjakot liceto mu e crno, a torbata mu e puna. (MNU 4087). Sim. A beggar can never be bankrupt. Cf. No NAKED man is sought after to be rifled. A BEGGAR's purse is bottomless. Pita~kata torba nikoga{ ne e polna. (P.D. 2667). Var. A beggar's purse is always empty. A beggar's scrip is never filled. Better never to BEGIN than never to make an end. Rabotata {to }e vati{, krajot da i' go misli{. (MNU 5324). Sim. Let him that beginneth the song make an end. Good to BEGIN well, better to end well. Dobar po~etok, podobar svr{etok.

 209 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

97. 98.

99.

100.

101.

102.

103. 104. 105. 106.

A bad BEGINNING, a bad ending. Lo{o po~nato, lo{o zavr{eno. A good BEGINNING makes a good ending. Po~etokot e polovina od sekoja rabota. (P.D. 2831). Var. Koj arno zafa{~at, arno }e bitisat. (Kav. 1514). Every BEGINNING is hard. Sekoj po~etok e te`ok. (P.D. 3176). Var. Sekoe zafa{~awe e te{ko. (Kav. 3216). Koj ne }e po~nit, ne }e svr{it. (MNU 3054). Var. All beginnings are hard (difficult). Cf. It is the first STEP that is difficult. Well BEGUN is half done. Po~etokot e polovina od sekoja rabota. (P.D. 2831). Var. Koj arno zafa{~at, polojna rabota bitisvit. (Kav. 1515). Sim. The first blow is half the battle. BELIEVE nothing of what you hear, and only half of what you see. Poarno et da si verua{ tvoite o~i, odo{to tu|i re~oi. (MNU 5035). Var. Koj {~o }e re~it slu{aj, od svojot um ne deli se. (Kav. 1694). We soon BELIEVE what we desire. Lu|eto lesno veruvaat vo toa {to go sakaat. (P.D. 1703). Var. ^vek vervit vo {~o mu se sakat. (Kav. 3849). Koj {~o sakat, to mu se slu{at. (Kav. 1693). ^oek verua toa {to poe}e mu se sakat. (MNU 6751). A cracked BELL can never sound well. Puknato grne m'~no se lepit (nikako ne se lepit). (Kav. 3078). A BELLY full of gluttony will never study willingly. Poln stomak ne raboti. Sim. Fat paunches have lean pates. Better BELLY burst than good meat lost. Od }elepur manxa stomak ne puknuva. He whose BELLY is full believes not him who is fasting. Sit gladen ne veruva. (MNU 5796). Var. Sitiot gladnego ne vervit (oti e gladen). (Bogatite ne veruvaat i ne znaat kakvi maki tegnat siromasite od siroma{tijata, pa i ne gi so`aluvaat. Za toa ima i prikaska.). (MNU 5807). Cf. Little knows the FAT man (sow) what the lean

107. 108. 109.

110. 111. 112.

does mean. His BELLY cries cupboard. Gladnata koko{ka proso sonuva. (MNU 1083). The BELLY wants ears. Gladni o~i ne zaspivaat. (MNU 1085). Var. Hungry bellies have no ears. A BELLYFUL is a bellyful, whether it be meat or drink. Gladen kow matna voda ne gleda. (MNU 1075). Var. Gladniot 'rt i ko~ani jajt. (MNU 1084). Better BEND than break. Staro sum drvo, ama i kako nof obru~ se vitkam. (Nedeq. str. 189). Cf. All that SHAKES falls not. A good BESTIR is worth a groat. Koj raboti, }e zaraboti. If BETTER were within, better would come out. Od dobroto, dobro

 210 Bone Velikovski

113. 114.

115.

116.

117.

118. 119. 120.

121. 122.

123.

124.

izleguva. The BETTER-natured, the sooner undone. Dobriot (~ovek) prilega na budaliot. A BIRD in the hand is worth two in the bush. Podobro da ima{ ne{to o{to da nema{ ni{to. (MNU 5072). Var. Poaren si da ima{ edno vrap~e v raka odo{to sto da letaat. (MNU 5042). Sim. A feather in hand is better than a bird in the air. Better a fowl in hand nor two flying. Poarno staromu pod bradata (da si) od {~o mladomu pod streata. (Za mladi `eni ili momi {to se oma`ile za stari ma`i ili vdovci.). (MNU 5043). Poarno deneska da mi dai{ leb i sol odo{to utre leb i {e}er. (MNU 5026). Each BIRD loves to hear himself sing. Sekoj na svoeto si e ubav. (P.D. 3171). Var. Sekoj sam se bendisal. (MNU 5616). ^oekot ako sam ne se bendisa{e, sam sebe }e se ubie{e. (MNU 6759). It is an ill BIRD that fouls its own nest. Lo{a e taa ptica {to se pogani vo svoeto gnezdo. Cf. When the PIG has had a belly full, it upsets the trough. Var. Ko }e se najajt praseto, }e go prevrtit kopan~eto. (Kav. 1755). Sviwata koga }e se najade, }e go prevrti koritoto. Such BIRD, such egg. Kakva ptica, takvi jajca. Var. [~o ma~ka stralo, toa glusci loalo. (Kakvi bile roditelite, i kakvi ~eda rodile, takvi }e bidat i tie.). (MNU 6956). Kakov mu et umot, takov mu et i domot. (MNU 2706). Sim. An evil crow, an evil egg. Like crow, like egg. The BIRD is known by his note. Sekoja ptica se poznava po glasot. Cf. The BIRD is known by his note, the man by his words. The BIRD is known by his note, the man by his words. Pticata se poznava po glasot, a ~ovekot po zborot. Cf. The BIRD is known by his note. The BIRD loves her nest. Sekoe pilence si go miluva svoeto gnezdence. Var. Na sekoe rap~e svoeto sedelo mu e milo. (Kav. 2201). Every bird likes his own nest best. The early BIRD catches the worm. Rano pile rano pee. (MNU 5352). Thou art a bitter BIRD, said the raven to the starling. Se posmeal 'rbol na {~rbol. (MNU 5680). Var. Se posmeal ~erepot na {utarot. (Se udavil vo vini, a obvinuva drug, kaj kogo zabele`al nekoja mala pogre{ka.). (MNU 5681). Se posmeal }elaiot na krastaiot. (MNU 5682). Sim. The kettle calls the pot black-brows (burntarse). The pot calls the kettle black. Cf. The FRYING-PAN said to the kettle, "Avaunt, black brows!" BIRDS of a feather flock together. Sekoja ptica so svoeto jato si leta. (Ecclesiasticus 27, 9 / Sirah 27, 9). Var. Pticite od istiot rod, ~esto letaat zaedno. (P.D. 2917). Sim. Likeness causes liking. Cf. LIKE will to like. There are no BIRDS of this year in last year's nests. Na lancko og-

 211 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

125. 126. 127.

128. 129.

130. 131.

132.

133. 134.

135. 136.

137.

138.

139. 140.

ni{te ogon ne baraj. (MNU 4037). Great BIRTH is a very poor dish at table. Deneska o-ho-ho, utre oh i oh. (MNU 1586). Take the BIT and the buffet with it. Ako go pu{ti{ pod krevet, }e ti se ka~i na krevet. The hasty BITCH brings forth blind whelps. Brzata ku~ka slepi gi ra`da. (MNU 642). Var. Brzata ku~ka slepi kutriwa ra|a. (MNU 643). Brzata ku~ka slepi~i{ta (ili slepi) ku~iwa ra`dat. (MNU 644). Poleka, da daleko; ne brzaj, oti brzata ku~ka slepi ku~iwa ra|a. (MNU 5115). Cf. HASTE makes waste. Too HASTY burned his lips. BLAB is wist and out it must. [to na du{a toa na gu{a. He that is a BLAB is a scab. Falba e r|a. (MNU 6600). Var. Falbata e krasta. (Samofaleweto e golem nedostatok, svojstven samo na nedostojnite.). (MNU 6601). Two BLACKS do not make a white. Dve crni ne pravat edno belo. A BLIND man may sometimes hit the mark. I }orata koko{ka mojt da najt zrno. (Kav. 1264). Sim. A blind man may perchance catch the hare (crow). A BLIND man will not thank you for a looking-glass. Na slep (na }or) sve{~a ne se dat. (Kav. 2210). Var. Na }eqav ~e{eq ne mu trebit. (Kav. 2231). A blind man has no need of a looking-glass. BLIND men should judge no colours. Na slepjot (na }orjot) i denot i no}ta mu se edno. (Kav. 2209). If the BLIND lead the blind, both shall fall into the ditch. Ako slepec vodi slepec, obata }e padnat vo jama. (Matthew 15, 14 / Matej 15, 14). Var. Slep slepca vodit. (MNU 5840). There's none so BLIND as those who will not see. Nema poslep od toj {to ne saka da vidi. Var. None so blind as those who won't see. BLOOD is thicker than water. Krvta voda ne se ~init. (MNU 3293). Var. Krvta voda ne se prajt. (Kav. 1771). Krvta voda ne biduva. (P.D. 1619). Blood is not water. You cannot get BLOOD from a stone. Od kamen krv ne se pu{ta. Var. You cannot get milk (water) from a stone. Kamen da stisne, voda }e pu{ti. (P.D. 1420). Od vo{ka remen ne se prajt. (Kav. 2603). Great BOAST and small roast makes unsavoury mouths. Na prefaleni jagodi ne odi sos golema ko{nica. (MNU 4084). Var. Na faleni j'gotki (koga odi{), so prazni ko{nici (se vra{~a{). (Kaj {to davaat golemi vetuvawa, tamu ~esto nema uspeh.). (MNU 4156). A little BODY often harbours a great soul. Peda ~ovek - lakot brada. (MNU 4934). The nearer the BONE, the sweeter the flesh. Mesoto e poslatko do

 212 Bone Velikovski

141.

142.

143. 144. 145.

146. 147. 148.

149. 150.

151. 152.

153. 154.

koskata. What is bred in the BONE will not out of the flesh. [to ima vo koskata, }e ima i vo mesoto. Var. Kakva e lozata, takvo e grozjeto. (MNU 2691). Sim. Though you cast out nature with a fork, it will still return. Like father, like son. Kakov tatko, takov sin. (Kav. 1352). Kru{a pod kru{a padinat. (Kakvi se roditelite, takvi }e bidat ~edata.). (MNU 3324). As soon as a man is BORN he begins to die. Deneska ~oek se rodi i grop mu se otvori. (Nedeq. str. 183). Sim. It is as natural to die as to be born. Our lives are but our marches to the grave. He that is once BORN, once must die. Koj se ro`xat i umirat. (Kav. 1673). Cf. All that LIVES must die. All MEN are mortal. The BORROWER is servant to the lender. Dol`nikot e sluga na pozajmuva~ot. (Proverbs 22, 7 / Poslovici 22, 7). He that goes a-BORROWING, goes a-sorrowing. Davalec - pitalec. (MNU 1308). Var. Davalec, pitalec, na vratata driskalec. (MNU 1309). Veresija, potresija, daj so race, baraj so noze. (MNU 737). Veresija potrsija. (MNU 738). Veresija, resi ja. (MNU 739). Cut not the BOUGH that thou standest upon. Ne ja se~i grankata na koja sedi{. Var. Don't cut the bough you are standing on. BOYS will be boys. Decata si se deca. Great BRAGGERS, little doers. Lesno e da se zborvit, ama te{ko e da se rabotat. (Kav. 1841). Var. Lesno e da zborvi{, ama te{ko e da stori{ (da napraj{). (Kav. 1842). So laf ne se pravi pilaf. They brag most that can do least. Sim. Much bruit and little fruit. Great boast and little roast. Much cry and little wool. Cf. The greatest TALKERS are the least doers. A long TONGUE is a sign of a short hand. The BRAINS don't lie in the beard. Bradata mu carska, glavata mu vodeni~arska. (MNU 616). Cf. If the BEARD were all, the goat might preach. The BRAYING of an ass does not reach heaven. Magareto so rikawe mu se ~init, oti vekot }e go upla{it. (MNU 3590). Cf. The PRAYERS of the wicked won't prevail. Dry BREAD at home is better than roast meat abroad. Suv leb da jadam samo tu|ina da ne odam. Dry BREAD is better with love than a fat capon with fear. Poarno e sol i leb sos slatka lakrdija, a ne mnogu manxi sos lo{i lafove. (MNU 5031). Var. Poarno lep i sol da jadi{ odo{to doma da se kara{. (MNU 5039). Poarno suv leb so mir, otkolku pe~eno jagne so kavga. (Kav. 2917). Sim. Better an egg in peace than an ox in war. Eaten BREAD is soon forgotten. Se izede jadeweto, se zaboravi dru`eweto. Sim. When good cheer is lacking, our friends will be packing. Man cannot live by BREAD alone. ^ovekot ne }e `ivee samo od leb. (Matthew 4, 4 / Matej 4, 4; Luke 4, 4 / Luka 4, 4).

 213 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

155. 156.

157.

Keep (Save) your BREATH to cool your broth (porridge). ^uvaj go zdivot da go oladi{ lebot. One man's BREATH another's death. Edni gubat drugi dobivaat. Var. Duri ednemu ne mu se stemnit, drugemu ne mu se razdenvit. (Kav. 758). Sim. One man's loss is another man's gain. As they BREW, so let them drink. Kako si solil (ili si drobil), taka }e srka{ (ili srkaj si). (Kako {to si pogre{il, taka i }e si podnese{ (ili podnesi si gi) posledicite od tvoite bezumni postapki.).

158.

159. 160.

(MNU 2784). Var. Kako {to drobil, taka neka srka. (MNU 2806). Kak }e drobi{, tak }e jadi{. (MNU 2818). Kak }e soli{, tak' }e jadi{. (MNU 2819). Sim. As they brew, so let them bake. Cf. As you BAKE, so shall you eat. As you make your BED, so you must lie on it. Kako si poslal, taka }e si legni{. (MNU 2783). Don't cross the BRIDGE till you come to it. U{~e nevidena rekata, 'i slekol ga{~ite. (Kav. 3793). Var. U{~e v'lkot neviden, vikat po ku~iwata. (Kav. 3790). Sim. Count not four, except you have them in the wallet. Do not halloo till you are out of the wood. Never fry fish till it's caught. Cf. Don't sell the BEAR's skin before you have caught him. Do not count your CHICKENS before they are hatched. It is not good praising a FORD till a man be over. Let every man praise the BRIDGE he goes over. Koja mi mesi kola~e, taja mi je tetka. (Nedeq. str. 185). A new BROOM sweeps clean. Novata metla ~isto mete. (Kav. 2554). Var. Novata metla dobro mete. (P.D. 2457). Novo sito na klu~oi (obeseno). (Dodeka e nov, se trudi da se poka`e prgav, trudoqubiv i sposoben vo rabotata; no {tom }e ponavikne malku, }e si ja poka`e seta lenivost i nesposobnost. Se upotrebuva obi~no za takvi nevesti ili slugi.). (MNU 4473). Novo sito na kqu~ej. (Kav. 2560).

161. 162.

Novoto sito samo sejt. (Kav. 2561). New brooms sweep clean. Good BROTH may be made in an old pot. Dobra ~orba vo staro grne. Between two BROTHERS two witness and a notary. Koj ti iskopa o~ite? - Brat mi. - Zatoa tolku globoko ti i iskopal. (Bli`niot
tvoj rodnina ili prijatel, ako ti stane neprijatel, mo`e da ti napakosti mnogu pove}e od nadvore{nite i podale~nite tvoi neprijateli.). (MNU

163.

164.

3136). BUILDING and marrying of children are great wasters. Koj ne prajl ku}a i svadba, ni{to ne znait od vekov. (Cep. V, str. 35). Var. Duri majstorska tesla da ~ukni v ku}a, da posle }e vidi{ kolku ~init majstoro! (Cep. V, str. 35). Sim. Building is a sweet impoverishing. He who BUILDS by the roadside has many masters. Koj gradi ku}a pokraj patot ima mnogu gospodari. Var. Ako go vati{ prijatel kamilxijata, brgo praj ja povisoko portata. (MNU 28). Sim. A house

 214 Bone Velikovski

165.

166. 167.

168.

169.

built by the wayside is either too high or too low. He bellows like a BULL, but is as weak as a bulrush. Ako dojdi redo da go toara{, "vrap~e sum ti", veli; a pak ako mu re~i{: "e de, letni de, koa si vrap~e!" - "e da kamila sum", ti veli. (MNU 33). Var. Se tresela gora, se rodilo gluv~e. Every man shall bear his own BURDEN. Sekoj }e go nosi svoeto breme. (Galatians 6, 5 / Galatjani 6, 5). BUSH natural; more hair than wit. Mnogu kosa, malku pamet. Sim. Long hair and short wit. @enata e dolgokosna, (a) kusoumna. (MNU 2071). @enata et dolgokosa, a kratkouma. (MNU 2073). One beats the BUSH and another catches the birds. Drug sadi drvoto, drug jadi plodo. (MNU 1810). Var. Drug vade ko{~anite, a drug gi jade. (MNU 1795). Drugemu bilo kako bilo, mene mi se zbilo. (MNU 1796). Drug zbira, drug }e jadit, {to ne spe~alil. (MNU 1797). Drug zbira stoka so maka, drug }e jadi bez maka. (MNU 1798). Drug zina, drug se pri~esti. (MNU 1799). Drug jadi jaguridata, drug trgat oskominata. (MNU 1800). Drug jadit nezdreloto, drugemu oskominata. (MNU 1801). Drug jajcata i izede, drugemu ostanaa lupe{kite. (MNU 1801). Drug prai gre{kata, drug trga xezata. (MNU 1809). Drug pase ovcite, a drug sobira rugata. (MNU 1807). Drug pasit ovcite, (a) drug berit rugata. (Drug rabotel, a drug se polzuva od negoviot trud). (MNU 1808). Sim. Little dogs start the hare, the great get her. Cf. The POOR man turns his cake and another comes and takes it away. One SOWS and another reaps. BUSINESS is business. So svoeto jadi, pi, davawe-zemawe ne praj. (MNU 5942). Var. So svojot ~oek jadi, pij (ama) ala{-veri{ ne ~ini. (Interesot e vo sostojba da gi rasipe i najqubeznite odnosi
me|u najtesno svrzanite rodnini i prijateli; zaradi toa, za da izbegneme takvo nesakano rasipuvawe na qubov me|u nas i na{ite rodnini, treba da sme pretpazlivi i da odbegnuvame sekakvi trgovski vrski, zemawe-davawe so niv.). (MNU 5944). So svojot ~oek jadi i pi,

170.

171.

ala{-veri{ ne praj. (MNU 5945). Dobri prijateli ama i dobri esapi treba da imaat. (MNU 1687). Jadewe, piewe bratski, sirewe za pari. (MNU 2570). Bratstvo za bratstvo, sirewe za pari. (MNU 625). Ako sme bra}a }esiwata ne ni' se sestri. (Kav. 114). Brat za brata, sireweto so pari. (Kav. 273). Ni ku~iwa badijava ne lajat. (Nedeq. str. 186). @abata na suvo ne kreka. (Nedeq. str. 186). Gladna me~ka oro ne igra. (Nedeq. str. 186). Sim. One hand will not wash the other for nothing. The BUTCHER looked for his knife and it was in his mouth. Magare vjaaj, magare baraj. (Go bara{ ona {to ti e pred o~ite, a ne mo`e{ da go sogleda{ i da go vidi{.) (MNU 3585). Cf. You look for the HORSE you ride on. They that have got good store of BUTTER may lay it thick on their

 215 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

172.

bread. Ko na{ol E|uptinot poj}e mas, go nama~kal g'zot da mu svetit. (Kav. 1726). The BUYER needs a hundred eyes, the seller but one. Kupuva~ot treba da otvori iljada o~i, a prodava~ot samo edno. Sim. Let the buyer beware. C

173.

174.

175. 176.

177.

CABBAGE twice cooked is death. Prekalen svetec i bogu ne e drag. (Nedeq. str. 189). Var. Mnozina imam prijateli, ama poe}e mi se ~a{a-dosti. (MNU 3788). Sekoj prijatel ti biduat za od tebe koga da dobivat. (MNU 5613). Sim. Take heed of reconciled enemies and of meat twice boiled. Cf. A broken FRIENDSHIP may be soldered, but will never be sound. Render unto CAESAR the things which are Caesar's. Podajte mu go carevoto na carot, a Bo`joto na Boga! (Matthew 22, 21 / Matej, 22, 21; Mark 12, 17 / Marko 12, 17; Luke 20, 25 / Luka 20, 25). Sim. Every man should take his own; Popu popovo, caru carevo. (P.D. 2810). You cannot have your CAKE and eat it. I da stisne{ i da prdni{, ne se mojt. (Kav. 1155). It is easier for a CAMEL to go through the eye of a needle than it is for a rich man to enter the kingdom of heaven. Polesno i' e na kamilata da (po)mine niz igleni u{i, otkolku na bogatiot da vleze vo Bo`joto Carstvo. (Matthew 19, 24 / Matej 19, 24; Luke 18, 25 / Luka 18, 25). The CAMEL going to seek horns lost his ears. Kamiqata pobarala rogoi, ta izgubila i u{ite. (Koj{to ne se zadovoluva so malo dobro,
{to ve}e go ima, ami bara pogolemo, koe ne go zaslu`uva, go gubi i ona {to go ima.). (MNU 2837). Kamilata oti{la da tra`e rogove, ta

ostanala i bez u{i. (MNU 2836). Var. Sakae{tem ko{uta rogovi, ostana i bez u{i. (MNU 5440). Koj barat rogoi, }e zagubit i u{ite. (Koj bara pove}e od ona {to go zaslu`uva, }e go zgubi i ona {to go ima.). (MNU 2991). @abata videla, kak kovat, i ona si podala nogata da (e) kovat. (MNU 2027). @abata videla m'skata k'de ja kojat, si potkrenala taa nogata (da ja potkojat).
(Slabite i nesposobni lu|e, koga gi gledaat mnogu pojakite od sebe kako vr{at golemi i va`ni raboti ({to odgovaraat na nivnata sila i sostojba), se napregaat kutrite da gi podra`uvaat.). (MNU 2028).

178.

179.

A CANDLE lights others and consumes itself. Sve}ata im sveti na drugite, a se tro{i samata. Var. Iglata e gola, a cel svet go oblekuva. It is sometimes good to hold a CANDLE to the devil. Na svetecot zapali mu edna sve{~a, (za da ti pomo`it); a na |aolot - dve, (za da ne

 216 Bone Velikovski

180. 181.

182. 183. 184.

185. 186. 187. 188. 189.

190.

191.

192.

193.

ti rasipit rabotata). (MNU 4099). Var. Pali mu sve}a i na |aolot da ne ti prait pakos. (Cep. 1871). Sim. Give the devil his due. When the CANDLES are out, all women are fair. Koga }e se ugasi sve}ata, site `eni se isti. Where the CARCASS is, there shall the eagles be gathered together. Kade }e bide trupot, tamu orlite }e se sobiraat! (Matthew 24, 28 / Matej 24, 28; Luke 17, 37 / Luka 17, 37). Var. Wheresoever the carcass is, there will the ravens be gathered together. CARE and diligence bring luck. Gri`ata i rabotata nosat sre}a. A creaking CART goes long on the wheels. Kolata {to krcka najdolgo vozi. Sim. A creaking door hangs long on its hinges. Don't put the CART before the horse. Ne se vpregnuva kow zad kola. Var. Istr~al ko `drebe pred ruda. (Kav. 1259). Se zatr~al ko `drebe pred kobila. (Kav. 4243). Ne istr~vi ko prle pred magarica. (Kav. 2311). The best CART may overthrow. I najdobrata kola mo`e da se prevrti. A CAT has nine lives. Ma~kata ima devet du{i. (MNU 3671). A CAT in gloves catches no mice. Ma~ka so yvonec ne va}a glu{ec. (MNU 3669). A CAT may look at a king. Za gledawe pari ne se zema. A scalded CAT fears cold water. Koj se poparil od mleko, duvat i na m'{~ejnca. (Kav. 1670). Sim. Once bitten twice shy. Cf. A burnt CHILD dreads the fire. A scalded DOG fears cold water. He that has been bitten by a SERPENT is afraid of a rope. Whom a SERPENT has bitten, a lizard alarms. Koj e k'snat od zmija, (nemu) mu e strah i od gu{~erica. (MNU 3017). That that comes of a CAT will catch mice. [~o ma~ka stralo, toa glusci loalo. (Kakvi bile roditelite, i kakvi ~eda rodile, takvi }e bidat i tie.). (MNU 6956). Sim. Cat after kind, good mouse-hunt. Cf. He that comes of a HEN must scrape. The CAT is hungry when a crust contents her. Gladen kow matna voda ne gleda. (MNU 1075). Var. Gladen ~oek sui korki griza. (MNU 1078). Gladniot 'rt i ko~ani jajt. (Gladot e najvkusnoto jadewe; gladniot ne prebira {to da jade, ami jade {to }e najde.). (MNU 1084). The CAT would eat fish and would not wet her feet. I ma~kana bi fa{~ala rip~iwa, ama ne sakat da si 'i kvasit noyete. (Kav. 1206). Var. Voden gaz jadit ribi. (MNU 865). Vodeni ga}i jadat ribi, a sui jadat piperki. (MNU 866). ^isti race ne jadat pe~eno prase. (MNU 6740). When the CAT's away, the mice will play. Koga da ja nema doma ma~kata, gluvcite oro si igraat. (MNU 2914). Var. Kaj {to ne-

 217 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

194. 195.

196. 197.

198. 199. 200.

201.

202.

203.

204.

205.

206.

mat ma~ka gluvcite barat pqa~ka. (MNU 2675). All CATS are gray in the dark. No}e site ma~ki se crni. Var. All cats are alike gray in the night. Without CERES and Bacchus, Venus grows cold. Prazno vre{~e prosto ne stojt. (Gladen ~ovek ne mo`e ni da raboti ni da `ivee.). (MNU 5215). Var. Gladen gaz ne prdi. The CHAIN is no stronger than its weakest link. Ke je kno~ko se }init. (Kav. 1408). Cf. The THREAD breaks where it is weakest. CHARITY begins at home. Milosrdieto po~nuva od doma. Var. [to treba doma ne se nosi v crkva. Sim. Love your friend, but look to yourself. Every man is nearest himself. CHARITY covers a multitude of sins. Milosrdieto pokriva mnogu grevovi. (I Peter 4, 8 / I Petar 4, 8). Who CHATTERS to you will chatter of you. Koj lo{o zboruva za drugite, }e zboruva isto i za tebe. Those that eat CHERRIES with great persons shall have their eyes squirted out with the stones. Koj sadi tikvi so |avolot od glava }e mu se skr{at. Var. Eat peas with the king, and cherries with the beggar. Sim. Share not pears with your master, either in jest or in earnest. Take the CHESTNUTS out of the fire with the cat's paw. Lesno e da vadi{ kosteni od ogon so tu|a raka. Var. So ~u`xi r'ce lesno se fa{~at vreno `elezo. (Kav. 3479). Sim. To take the nuts from the fire with the dog's foot. Cf. It is good to strike the SERPENT's head with your enemy's hand. So ~u`xi r'ce zmi se fa{~at (lojt). (Kav. 3478). Do not count your CHICKENS before they are hatched. Ribata v more, klal tavata na ognot. (MNU 5392). Sim. Never fry fish till it's caught. Count not four, except you have them in the wallet. Do not halloo till you are out of the wood. Cf. Don't sell the BEAR's skin before you have caught him. Don't cross the BRIDGE till you come to it. It is not good praising a FORD till a man be over. A burnt CHILD dreads the fire. Koj se poparil od mleko, duvat i na m'{tejnca. (Kav. 1670). Sim. Once bitten twice shy. Cf. A scalded CAT fears cold water. A scalded DOG fears cold water. He that has been bitten by a SERPENT is afraid of a rope. Whom a SERPENT has bitten, a lizard alarms. The CHILD says nothing, but what it heard by the fire. [to }e ~ujat doma, decata ka`uvaat nadvor. Sim. What children hear at home, soon flies abroad. Better CHILDREN weep than old men. Podobro e da pla~at decata otkolku starcite. Sim. The man who has not been flogged is not educated. Cf. Spare the ROD and spoil the child. Koj go {tedi stapot go rasipuva sinot. CHILDREN and fools tell the truth. Decata kako i budalite ja

 218 Bone Velikovski

207.

208.

209.

210. 211.

212. 213.

214.

215.

216.

217.

218.

ka`uvaat vistinata. Var. Children and fools cannot lie. Cf. DRUNKARDS and fools cannot lie. A CHIP off the old block. Delankata ne pa|a podaleku od trupot. Var. Qu{~enkata ne padinat mnogu daleku od penot. (Kav. 1889). Kru{a pod kru{a padinat. (Kakvi se roditelite, takvi }e bidat ~edata.). (MNU 3324). Kru{ata pa|a pod kru{ata. (MNU 3325). Kru{ata si pa|a pod koreno. (MNU 3326). Sestra sestra m'`it. (Kav. 3306). Cf. An APPLE never falls far from the tree. Like FATHER, like son. Like MOTHER, like daughter. CHRISTMAS comes but once a year. Kataden Veligden ne biduat. (MNU 2859). Var. Sekoj den Veligden ne biva. (MNU 5600). Cf. Every DAY is not Sunday. The nearer the CHURCH, the farther from God. Poblisku do crkvata, podaleku od boga. (Kav. 2923). Var. Prekalen svetec i bogu ne e drag. (Nedeq. str. 189). Sim. He has one face to God and another to the devil. Po |aolot ojt, na boga se molit. (Kav. 2941). CLEANLINESS is next to godliness. ^istotata nosi zdravje. Var. ^istotjata e polojna zdravje. (Kav. 3907). Hasty CLIMBERS have sudden falls. Koj visoko letat, nisko }e padnit. (Kav. 1538). Sim. The bigger they are, the harder they fall. The higher standing, the lower fall. The higher the mountain, the greater descent. After black CLOUDS, clear weather. Po zimata leto, po s'nceto do`d. (Kav. 2944). Cf. After a STORM comes a calm. Cut your COAT according to your cloth. Pu{~aj si 'i noyete, kouku {~o ti je ~ergata. (Kis. 8). Var. Ne spru`vi 'i noyete nadvor od cergata. (Kav. 2433). Sim. Stretch your arm no further than your sleeve will reach. Cf. Stretch your LEGS according to your coverlet. Do not look at the COAT, but at what is under the coat. Ne gledaj vo ali{tata, gledaj {to ima pod niv. Var. Ne gqaj mi ja kapava, tuku pod kapava. (Kav. 2274). It is not the gay COAT that makes the gentleman. Ruvo krasit, ruvo gn'sit. (Kav. 3133). Var. Ruba krase, ruba gnase. (MNU 5420). Ali{tata go poka`uvaat ~oeka za bogat i siromav. (MNU 239). Cf. The COWL does not make the monk. Near is my COAT, but nearer is my shirt. Blisku mi e ko{ulata, u{te poblisku mi e ko`ata. Sim. Near is my doublet (kirtle, petticoat), but nearer is my smock. Cf. Near is my SHIRT, but nearer is my skin. The COAT makes the man. Ruti{~ata go praet ~veka bogat, aq' siromav. (Kav. 3134). Sim. Apparel makes the man. The garment makes the man. Fine feathers make fine birds. Dress up a stick and it does not appear to be a stick. Under a ragged COAT lies wisdom. ^esto pod partalavite ali{ta se krie mudrosta. Cf. Never judge from APPEARANCES.

 219 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

219.

220.

Let the COBBLER stick to his last. ^evlarot sekoga{ odi so skinati ~evli. Var. U g'n~ara grne nemat. (Kav. 3733). U g'n~ara novo grne ne baraj. (Kav. 3734). Terzijata so zakrpeni be~vi (ruti{~a) ojt. (Kav. 3588). Let not the cobbler (shoemaker) go beyond his last. A COCK is bold on his own dunghill. Sekoj petel na svoeto buni{te pee. (P.D. 3174). Var. Sekoj petel na svoeto buni{te si pejt.
(Sekoj ima vlijanie vo svojata tatkovina, vo svoeto mesto, vo svojata ku}a.). (MNU 5611). Every cock crows on his own dunghill. Sim. Every

221.

222. 223.

224. 225.

226.

227.

228.

229.

230. 231.

dog is a lion at home. Every dog is valiant at his own door. Sekoe ku~e pred portata si lae. (MNU 5568). Cf. Every man is a KING in his own house. A ragged COLT may make a good horse. Slaboto `drebe mo`e da porasne vo dobar kow. Var. Od krasto prase debel vepar (debela matorica) se prajt. (Kav. 2660). Sim. Wanton kittens make sober cats. The COMFORTER's head never aches. Koj sovet dava, ne go boli glava. He is not fit to COMMAND others that cannot command himself. Koj ne mo`e sebesi da se povela, ne mo`e da gi povela ni drugite. Var. Koj ne e za sebe, ne e ni za drugego. (Kav. 1612). A good CONSCIENCE is a soft pillow. ^ista sovest, miren son. Sim. A good conscience is a continual feast. A guilty CONSCIENCE feels continual fear. Koj si ima vinata se pla{i i od senkata. Var. A guilty conscience needs no accuser. Cf. The THIEF does fear each bush an officer. Too many COOKS spoil the broth. Mnogu babi (koga babat), kilavo dete izva`dat. (Koga vo edna rabota se brkaat mnogumina, taa nema da izleze dobra i uspe{na.). (MNU 3766). Var. Pri nogu babi kilavo dete izliza. (MNU 5260). K'de babat mnogu babi, decata bez gla se ro`xet. (Kav. 1807). He that counts all COSTS will never put plough in the earth. Ako se pla{e{e dedo od rap~iwa, ne }e posee{e proso. (Kav. 100). Var. Ako se boe{e dedo od vrapcite, proso ne }e posee{e. (MNU 159). Give neither COUNSEL nor salt till you are asked for it. Ne davaj ni sovet ni sol, ako ne ti baraat. Var. Kaj {to te vikaat, odi; kaj {to te teraat, begaj. (MNU 2685). Sim. Come not to counsel uncalled. Though thou hast never so many COUNSELLORS, yet do not forsake the counsel of thy own soul. Deveeset i devet umoj slu{aj, pak na svojot ostani. (Kav. 686). So many COUNTRIES, so many customs. Sekoe selo svoj adet (zakon). (Kav. 3220). Cf. Every LAND has its own law. In the COUNTRY of the blind the one-eyed man is king. Vo sred slepi i

 220 Bone Velikovski

232.

233.

}orav e car. (MNU 939). Var. In the Kingdom of blind men, the one-eyed is king. Where is well with me, there is my COUNTRY. Kade mi e dobro, tamu mi e domot. Sim. A wise (valiant) man esteems every place to be his own country. Full of COURTESY, full of craft. Blaga re~ `elezna vrata otvorat. (MNU 515). Var. Slatkata re~ i `elezna vrata otvarat. (So
blagi zborovi mo`e{ da gi skroti{ i najkoravite srca i da gi privle~e{ kon sebe i najsvirepite lu|e.). (MNU 5829). Sladkata du-

234. 235. 236.

237.

238.

239.

240.

241.

242.

243.

ma otvara zlatnata vrata. (MNU 5826). All COVET, all lose. Koj saka nogu, bez malku ostanua. (MNU 3092). Sim. Grasp all, lose all. Cf. He that too much EMBRACETH holds little. A COVETOUS man is good to none but worse to himself. Skr`aviot za nikogo ne e dobar, a najlo{ e za sebe. A COVETOUS man serves his riches, not they him. Skr`aviot e sluga na svoeto bogatstvo, a ne toa nemu. Sim. The rich are rather possessed by their money than possessors. COVETOUSNESS breaks the bag. Od skr`avost puka vre}ata. Sim. Bind the bag before it is full. Ni vo ku~e vera, ni vo lakom mera. (Kav. 2493). It is idle to swallow the COW and choke on the tail. Ne vredi da ja goltne{ kravata i da se zadavi{ so opa{kata. Var. Go izel bijolot, se udajl so opa{kata. (Kav. 467). To swallow an ox, and be choked with the tail. Set a COW to catch a hare. Za da fati zajak, postavil krava. Var. Za guska - m'ska. (Kav. 954). Za b'lvata jorgan gorit. (Kav. 946). Runo volna dala selanka, za da kupi oka jabolki. (MNU 5421). The COW gives a good pail of milk and then kicks it over. [to deka davala krava mnogu mleko, koga go klocnuala i go isturala, klaj e go volkot neka ja davit. (MNU 6854). Var. Kravata }e dade mleko, }e ritne da go isture. (MNU 3290). The COWL does not make the monk. Ruvo krasit, ruvo gn'sit. Kav. 3133. Var. Ruba krase, ruba gnase. (MNU 5420). Oblekata ne go ~ini ~ovekot. (P.D. 2462). The hood (habit) does not make the monk. The gown does not make the friar. The coat makes the man. Cf. It is not the gay COAT that makes the gentleman. Plant the CRAB-TREE where you will, it will never bear pippins. Trn grozje ne ra|a. (MNU 6291). Var. Vrbata rodila grozje. (MNU 966). Zer i od vrba ~eka{ da rodi maslinki. (MNU 2306). Zer i od vrba ~eka{ da ti rodi jabolka. (MNU 2307). Od trwe bor~ saka da plati (ili: od trwe saka grozje da zbira. (MNU 4730). CREDITORS have better memories than debtors. Dol`nikot treba pove}e da pameti od kreditorot.

 221 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

244.

245.

246.

247.

248.

249.

250.

He that mocks a CRIPPLE, ought to be whole. Koj mu se smee na kriviot, na krajot i samiot toj }e po~ne da kuca. Sim. If you mock the lame, you will go so yourself in time. Every man has his CROSS to bear. Sekoj si e so svojot krst na ~elo. (P.D. 3181). Var. Sekoj si go nosi svojot krst. Sekoe magare svojot tovar si go nosit. (Kav. 3218). Sekoja planina svojata te`ina (si znajt). (Sekoj sam si ja znae svojata maka.). (MNU 5593). Sekoja planina si ja znae svojata te`ina. (P.D. 3192). Cf. Every HEART has its own ache. The CROSS on his breast and the devil in his heart. Po |aolot ojt, na boga se molit. (Kav. 2941). Sim. The beads in the hand and the devil in capuche. Cf. BEADS about the neck and the devil in the heart. Breed up a CROW and he will tear out your eyes. (MNU 5348). Rani ku~e da te lait. (MNU 5349). Var. Rani lo{a ~elad da te kolnit. (MNU 5347). He has brought up a bird to pick out his own eyes. Cf. To nourish a SNAKE (viper) in one's bosom. The CROW thinks her own bird fairest. Ja pra{ale Cigankata ~ie dete e najubavo, taa poka`ala na Cigan~eto. Var. The owl thinks her own young fairest. Cf. FAIR is not fair, but that which pleases. CROWS will not pick out crows' eyes. Vrana na vrana o~i ne kopat. (Lo{ na lo{ ne pravi zlo, ili dvajca isti ne si pakostat.). (MNU 956). Var. ^afka so ~afka o~ite ne si vadat. (MNU 6703). Gavran gavranu o~i ne kopat. (MNU 1025). Gavraw na gavraw o~i ne vajat. (GK, II, str. 177). One crow never pulls out anothers eyes. Sim. One crow will not pick out another crows eyes. Hawks will not pick out hawks' eyes. Put not an embroidered CRUPPER on an ass. Stara magarica, (a) crvena podopa{nica (nosit). (Stara `ena, ama se nakontila kako
mlada nevesta so nevestinska ruba i belila, {to ne i' prilega na godinite.). (MNU 6017). Var. Crven remen, (a) na gol korem (mev). (MNU 6679). Za magarinata sedlo ne trebit. (Na ne~esen ~ovek ne treba da mu pravi{ ~est; ili nedostojniot ne treba da go udostojuvame so po~esti.). (MNU 2192). Na magare sedlo ne prilega. (MNU

251.

4044). Cf. My old MARE would have a new crupper. CUSTOM is a second nature. Navikata e na{a vtora priroda. (B.D.). Var. Nau~il se pop na varen bob, dovr{il se bob, odu~il se pop. (MNU 4154). D

252.

Where the DAM leaps over, the kid follows. Ke skokat kozana i jareto po neja. (Kav. 1427). Var. Deka ripa oveno, tamo ripa i jagneto. (MNU 1556). Sim. As the old cock crows, so crows the young. The young

 222 Bone Velikovski

253.

254.

255. 256. 257. 258. 259.

260.

261.

262. 263.

264.

265.

266. 267.

pig grunts like the old sow. Kako magareto i prleto. (MNU 2742). The DANGER past and God forgotten. Vikaj na vukot "vujko", dodeka si mu u jama. (Nedeq. str. 190). Sim. Once on shore, we pray no more. The river past and God forgotten Cf. Call the BEAR uncle' till you are safe across the bridge. He that would the DAUGHTER win must with the mother first begin. Koga zgle`xa{ momi~ka, frli opuq i na majkata. (Kav. 1463). Var. He that would the mistress win must with the maid first begin. Sim. Praise the child, and you make love to the mother. Say nothing of the DEAD but what is good. Za umrenite se' najdobro. Sim. Never speak ill of the dead. Speak well of the dead. There's none so DEAF as those who will not hear. Nema pogluv od toj {to ne saka da ~ue. Var. None so deaf as those who won't hear. After DEATH the doctor. Po smrt bolest. DEATH keeps no calendar. Smrtta ater ne gledat. (MNU 5850). Var. Smrtta ne pra{uet. (MNU 5852). DEATH makes equal the high and low. Pred smrtta site se isti. Var. Smrtta ne pra{uva star i mlad. (P.D. 3294). Sim. Death is the great leveller. At the end of the game the king and the pawn go into the same bag. Six feet of earth make all men equal. Cf. All's alike at the latter DAY: a bag of gold and wisp of hay. The END makes all equal. Umira~kata ispravjat se'. (Kav. 3750). Umira~ka - bel obraz. (Kav. 3747). He who pays his DEBTS begins to make a stock. Pat so odewe, bor~ so pla}awe. (MNU 4932). Var. P't so odewe (se svr{it), bor~ so pla{~awe. (MNU 5315). Sim. Out of debt, out of danger. A good DEED is never lost. Napraj dobro, pa frli go v more. Sim. One never loses by doing a good turn. Cf. DO well and have well. One good TURN deserves another. DEEDS, not words. Dela, a ne zborovi. Cf. ACTIONS speak louder than words. One DEVIL drives out another. Klin so klin se izbiva. Var. ^ivijata ~ivija vadi. (Nedeq. str. 199). Sim. One poison drives out another. Cf. LIKE cures like. One NAIL drives out another. The DEVIL is not so black as he is painted. \avolot ne e tolku crn kolku {to se (veli) misli. Sim. The lion is not so fierce as he is painted. The DEVIL loves no holy water. \avolot ne saka krstena voda. Var. Begat kako |aol od temjan. (MNU 413). Begat kako |aolot od temjan i Evreinot od krstot. (MNU 414). A man can DIE but once. Samo edna{ se umira. Better DIE with honour than live with shame. Poarno e da umre{ ~esno otkolku da `ivee{ sramno. Var. A fair death honours the whole

 223 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

268.

269.

270. 271.

272.

273. 274.

275.

276.

277.

278. 279. 280.

life. Better a glorious death than a shameful life. Cast no DIRT into the well that hath given you water. Odi na voda na noviot bunar, ne plukaj na stariot. (MNU 4605). Var. Nov bunar kopaj vo starjot (fetjot)ne pquvaj. (Kav. 2555). A DISEASE known is half cured. Sekoja boles si ima i lekot. (MNU 5580). Var. Na sekoja boqka imat lek. (Kav. 2202). Sim. A danger foreseen is half avoided. Desperate DISEASES must have desperate remedies. Na luta, rana lut lek. (P.D. 1982). Var. Desperate cuts must have desperate remedies. DISEASES come on horseback, but go away on foot. Bolesta idi u ~oeka so oki, a bega so dramoi. (MNU 598). Var. Bolesta lesno doa|a, a lesno ne si odi. (MNU 600). Cf. MISCHIEF comes by the pound and goes away by the ounce. Of two DISPUTANTS, the warmer is generally in the wrong. Dvaica koga se karaat, koj povi{e vika, nego mu go davaat pravoto. (Nedeq. str. 187). Var. Siromaf koga zbori, nikoj pravo ne mu dava. (Nedeq. str. 187). DO as I say, not as I do. Pravi kako {to velam, a ne kako {to pravam jas. DO as the friar says, not as he does. Slu{aj {~o zborvit popon, a ne praj to {~o prajt toj. (Kav. 3373). Var. [to te u~i pop, slu{aj, {to pravi toj - ne pravi. (MNU 6894). Cf. DO as I say, not as I do. DO unto others as you would they should do unto you. Se' {to sakate da vi pravat lu|eto, pravete im i vie taka. (Matthew 7, 12 / Matej 7, 12; Luke 6, 31 / Luka 6, 31). Cf. DO as you would be done by. [to ne}i{ tebe da ti praat, ne praj drugemu. (MNU 6883). A barking DOG never bites. Ku~e {~o lajt, ne k'sat. (Kav. 1804). Var. Ku~e koe mnogo lae, ne k'sa. (Nedeq. str. 191). Ku~e {to ne lai i ne kasa. (MNU 3367). Barking dogs seldom bite. Sim. His bark is worse than his bite. Great barkers are no biters. Brag's a good dog, but dares not bite. Se falit - ne palit. (Kav. 3311). A scalded DOG fears cold water. Popareno ku~e i od do`d se pla{it. (Kav. 2986). Sim. Once bitten twice shy. Cf. A scalded CAT fears cold water. A burnt CHILD dreads the fire. He that has been bitten by a SERPENT is afraid of a rope. Whom a SERPENT has bitten, a lizard alarms. DOGS bark, but the caravan goes on. Ku~iwata laet, karvanot si vrvit. (Kav. 1806). Cf. The MOON does not heed the barking of dogs. Hungry DOGS will eat dirty puddings. Gladniot 'rt i ko~ani jajt.
(Gladot e najvkusnoto jadewe; gladniot ne prebira {to da jade, ami jade {to }e najde.). (MNU 1084).

By DOING nothing we learn to do ill. So nepravewe ni{to, nau~uvame da pravime lo{o. Cf. IDLENESS is the mother of all vice. Lenosta e maj-

 224 Bone Velikovski

281. 282.

283.

284.

285.

286.

ka na site lo{oti. (Kav. 1834). At open DOORS dogs come in. Pokrijanoto mleko ma~ki ne go loket. (Kav. 2959). Constant DROPPING wears away the stone. Vodata so vreme go roni kamenot. (Job 14, 19 / Jov 14, 19). Var. Kapkana i vo kamen dupka otvorat. (Kav. 1391). Kapkana i kamenon go zdlabit. (Kav. 1392). Many DROPS make a shower. Kapka po kapka vir stanuje. (Nedeq. str. 184). Sim. Large streams from little fountains flow. Cf. MANY small make a great. PENNY and penny laid up will be many. A DROWNING man will clutch at a straw. Koj{to pa|a v more, i za slamkata se va}a. (MNU 3192). Var. Koj{to pa|a v more, i za zmijata se va}at. (MNU 3191). Koga se davit ~vek, i za zmija se fa{~at. (Kav. 1475). Koga se davit ~vek, i za usviteno `elezo se fa{~at. (Kav. 1474). He who gives a DUCK, expects a goose. Frli glista, (ta) da naj{ (ili da izvaj{) j'guqa. (Daj malku za da zeme{ mnogu.). (MNU 6625). Var. Frli rip~e, (za) da naj{ (ili izvadi{) krap~e. (MNU 6631). Duri ne vrli{ rip~e, ne nao|a{ krap~e. (MNU 1884). All are of the DUST, and all turn to dust again. Site stanaa od prav i se vra}aat vo pravot. (Ecclesiastes 3, 20; 12, 7 / Propovednik 3, 20; 12, 7). Var. Seti se, ~oveku, deka si prav, i deka vo pravta }e se vrati{. (P.D. 3207). E

287. 288.

289.

290.

EAGLES don't catch flies. Orli ne lovat muvi. Var. Slonot ne fa}a muvi. (P.D. 3284). In at one EAR and out at the other. Vo ednoto uo mu vleze, vo drugoto mu izleze. (MNU 875). Var. Od edno uho vleze, (a) od drugoto izleze (zborot). (Ne sum vnimaval {to si mi zboruval, sprema toa nitu pomnam {to si mi ka`al.). (MNU 4581). Nature has given us two EARS, two eyes and but one tongue; to the end we should hear and see more than we speak. Prirodata na site ni' dala eden jazik, a dve u{i, da ne' potseti malku da zboruvame, a pove}e da slu{ame. (P.D. 2907). Var. Eden j'zik, a dve o~i ~vek imat. (Kav. 815). Eden j'zik, a dve u{i ~vek imat. (Kav. 816). Edna usta, a dve r'ce ~vek imat. (Kav. 836). EASY come, easy go. Kako {to do{lo, taka i si po{lo. (MNU 2805). Var. Kako do{lo, taka i oti{lo. (MNU 2724). Kako do{lo, taka (i) po{lo. (Bez trud spe~aleno bogatstvoto bespolezno se rastura.). (MNU 2725). Sim. Quickly come, quickly go. So got, so gone. Cf. LIGHTLY gained, quickly lost. Come with the WIND, go with the water. Pe~aleno magare od krastavici, rekata go nose. (MNU

 225 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

291. 292. 293. 294. 295.

296. 297.

298. 299. 300.

301. 302. 303.

304.

4971). EAT to live, not live to eat. Jadi za da `ive{, ne `ivi za da jade{. (Nedeq. str. 198). EDUCATION is power. Obrazovanieto e sila. The END crowns the work. Krajot deloto go krasi. (B.D.). Sim. The end tries all. The evening crowns the day. The END justifies the means. Celta go opravduva sredstvoto. (B.D.). Sim. He that wills the end, wills the means. Better an open ENEMY than a false friend. Poarno eden umen du{man da ima{ odo{to sto prijateli budali. (MNU 5030). Cf. Nothing worse than a familiar ENEMY. Better be ENVIED than pitied. Poarno da ti zavidit, a ne da te `alat. (MNU 5025). To ERR is human. Da se gre{i, ~ove~ki e. Sim. Every man has a fool in his sleeve. No man is wise at all times. He is lifeless that is faultless. Even Homer sometimes nods. No man is infallible. There are spots even in the sun. EVIL gotten, evil spent. Lo{o spe~aleno, lo{o potro{eno. Var. Kako do{lo, taka i oti{lo. (MNU 2724). ILL gotten, ill spent. He who EXCUSES himself, accuses himself. Koj se pravda, toj se optu`uva. (P.D. 1568). EXPERIENCE is the best teacher. Iskustvoto e najdobar u~itel. (P.D. 1253). Var. Iskustvoto e u~itel na se'. (P.D. 1254). Neolata um davat na ~oeka. (MNU 4321). An EYE for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth. Oko za oko i zab za zab. (Matthew 5, 38 / Matej 5, 38). The EYE is the mirror of the soul. O~ite se ogledalo na du{ata. Var. The eyes are the window of the soul. What the EYE doesn't see, the heart doesn't grieve over. [~o o~i brgo ne vidat, }e zaboravaat. (Nedeq. str. 185). Cf. Out of SIGHT, out of mind. Daleku od o~ite, daleku od srceto. (S.M.). Four EYES see more than two. ^etiri o~i pove}e gledaat od dve. Var. Poj}e o~i, poj}e gqavet, (poarno gqavet). (Kav. 2949). Cf. Two EYES can see more than one. F

305. 306. 307.

A fair FACE, foul heart. Ubavo lice, ludo srce. Sim. Fair without, foul within. The FACE is the index of the mind. Liceto go poka`ua srceto. (MNU 3514). No flying from FATE. Od pisanoto ne se begat. (Od pi{anoto niko-

 226 Bone Velikovski

308.

309.

310.

311. 312.

313.

314. 315. 316.

317.

ga{ ne se begat). (Kav. 2694). Var. [~o e pisano sve }e bidit. (Uverenie vo sudbinata i predopredelenieto.). (MNU 6950). Od sudenoto (pi{anoto) ne se bega. (B.D.). Sim. Whatever happens, all happens as it should. Cf. The FATED will happen. He that is born to be HANGED shall never be drowned. What MUST be, must be. After a thrifty FATHER a prodigal son. Na {tedliv tatko, rasipnik sin. Var. Titiz (skr`av) tatko, aramja sin. (Kav. 3622). Sim. A MISERLY father makes a prodigal son. Like FATHER, like son. Kakov tatko, takov sin. (Kav. 1352). Var. Kakov {to e tatkoto takov e i sino. (MNU 2715). Kakov tatko takov Petko. Cf. A CHIP off the old block. Like MOTHER, like daughter. The FATHERS have eaten sour grapes, and the children's teeth are set on edge. Takovcite jadea kiselo grozje, a na sinovite zabite im fa}aat oskomina. (Ezekiel 18, 2 / Ezekiel 18, 2). Var. Tatkoini brkotini sinoini sirotini. (MNU 6130). Drug jadi jaguridata, drug trgat oskominata. (MNU 1800). Drug jadit nezdreloto, drugemu oskominata. (MNU 1801). Drugemu bilo kako bilo, mene mi se zbilo. (MNU 1796). Tatkoto jal jaguridata na decata }e im skominaat zabite. FEAR keeps and looks to the vineyard, and not the owner. Strav lozje ~ua. (MNU 6060). Var. Fear keeps the garden better than the gardener. FIELDS have eyes, and woods have ears. Poleto ima o~i, {umata ima u{i. Var. Pole okato, gora u{ata. (MNU 5116). Sim. The day has eyes, the night has ears. I vodana imat u{i. (Kav. 1138). Cf. WALLS have ears. I yizdojne imet u{i. (Kav. 1177). Yizdot imat i o~i i u{i. (Kav. 1119). Yizdot u{i imat, plotot o~i imat. (Kav. 1120). Give a clown your FINGER, and he will take your hand. Pu{ti mu go prstot, }e ti ja fati rakata. (P.D. 2923). Var. Ako mu go podaj{ prstot, }e ti ja grabnit i r'kata. (Kav. 62). Cf. Give him an INCH and he'll take an ell. Ako mu dade{ poklupkata }e ti saka i grneto. (MNU 101). Pu{ti go petelot v ku}i, da za na polica sam }e se ka~it. (MNU 5299). Don't play with FIRE. So ogan {ega ne bi`xat ({aka ne se prajt, ne se igrat. (Kav. 3435). FIRE and water are good servants, but bad masters. Ognot i vodata se arni izme}ari, ama lo{i gospodari. (Kav. 2588). FIRE is the test of gold; adversity of friendship. Zlatoto se kalit v ogan, a ~vek vo neoqa. (Kav. 1064). Var. Prijatelo se poznaa vo nu`da, kako strebroto vo ogon. (MNU 5250). Fire is the test of gold. Cf. GOLD is tried in the fire. No FIRE, no smoke. Ke nemat ogan, ne ~adit. (Kav. 1416). Var. Make no fire, raise no smoke. Ke {~o ~adit imat i ogan. (Kav. 1450). Cf.

 227 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

318.

319.

320.

321. 322.

323.

324.

325.

No SMOKE without fire. Better be FIRST in a village than second at Rome. Podobro e da si prv v selo otkolku posleden v grad. Var. Poarno v selo xorbaxija, odo{~o v grad }umurxija. (Kav. 2871). Big FISH eat little fish. Golemata riba pomalata ja izedvit (ili jadit). (Posilniot sekoga{ go nadviva poslabiot i mu zapoveda.). (MNU 1135). Var. The great fish eat up the small. Golemata riba je jajt pomalata. (Kav. 477). FISH and guests stink after three days. Ribata i gostinot se usmrduvaat po tri dena. Var. Fresh fish and new-come guests smell in three days. Sim. A constant GUEST is never welcome. Kataden gost, (e) kako kisel grozd. (^estite poseti mu se zdodevni na onoj {to gi prima). (MNU 2862). I za najmiliot gostin tri dni se dosta. (Kav. 1166). FISH must swim thrice. Ribata tripati pliva: vo voda, maslo i vino. The FISH always stinks from the head downwards. Ribata od glaata se smrdvit. (Rabotata se rasipuva poradi nedostoinstvoto i nesposobnosta od glavatarot upravitelot.). (MNU 5395). Var. Fish begins to stink at the head. Ribata od glavata sa osmrdove. (MNU 5396). You must not teach FISH to swim. Ne u~i ja ribata da pliva. Sim. An old fox needs learn no craft. Ne u~i starec da makat jajca. (Kav. 2470). Ne u~i bav~anxija kako se sadet krastajci. (Kav. 2469). It is good FISHING in troubled waters. Vo matno se lovi. Var. Najdobro se lovi vo matno. (Duri ne se izmatit vodata, ne se va}at ribi mnogu.). (MNU 1858). One FLOWER makes no garland. So edno cve}e leto ne idit. (Samo
eden ~ovek, kolku i da e dostoen, ni{to ne mo`e da svr{i bez pomo{ta od drugi; ili op{testvo ne mo`e da se sostoi samo od eden ~ovek.).

326. 327.

328. 329.

330.

(MNU 5880). Cf. One SWALLOW does not make a summer. So edno pile prolet ne biduat. (MNU 5879). A FLY follows the honey. Kako muva na med. He changes a FLY into an elephant. Od bolva slon (pravi). Sim. To make a mountain out of a molehill. Pravi{ od muvata slon. (P.D. 2846). Od komarec - magarec. No FLYING without wings. Ne se letat duri ne porastet krilja. (Kav. 2421). A FOOL may throw a stone into a well, which a hundred wise men cannot pull out. Eden ulav frqat eden kamen v bunar, trista umni ne mo`at da go izvadat. (MNU 1913). Var. Ako eden budala frlat kamen v bunar, sto pametni ne mo`at da go izvadat. (P.D. 48). He that is born a FOOL is never cured. Za budalata (glupaviot) nema

 228 Bone Velikovski

331. 332.

333. 334. 335.

336. 337.

338.

339.

340.

341.

342.

343.

lek. FOOLS are wise as long as silent. Glupecot se smeta za mudar koga mol~i. (Proverbs 17, 28 / Poslovici 17, 28). Better the FOOT slip than the tongue. Podobro e da se slizne{ na pat otkolku so jazik. (Ecclesiasticus 20, 18 / Sirah 20, 18). Var. Poarno et da se slizni{ so noga odo{to so zbor. (MNU 5034). FORTUNE favours the brave (bold). Sre}ata im pomaga na hrabrite. FORTUNE is variant. Sre}ata e promenliva. FORTUNE knocks once at least at every man's gate. Sre}ata tropa samo edna{ na se~ija vrata. Var. Opportunity never knocks twice at any man's door. When FORTUNE knocks, open the door. Koga sre}ata tropa na vrata, otvori i'. Var. When fortune smiles, embrace her. FORTUNE's wheel is never stopped. Trkaloto na sre}ata postojano se vrti. Var. Not only ought fortune to be pictured on a wheel, but every thing else in the world. ]e dojde kolce na trkalce. (B.D.) The FOX may grow gray, but never good. Lisicata mo`e da ostari, no nema da se opameti. Cf. The WOLF may lose his teeth, but never his nature. Volko dlakata ja menuat, ama }udta ne ja menuat. (MNU 890). A FRIEND in need is a friend indeed. Prijatelot e treben vo nu`da. (MNU 5252). Var. A friend is never known till a man have need. Prijatelo vo nu`da se poznaat, a ne vo svadba. (MNU 5249). A good FRIEND is my nearest relation. Prijatelot e poprivrzan od brat. (Proverbs 18, 24 / Poslovici 18, 24). Var. Kom{ijata e poj}e od brat. (Kav. 1722). Bli`nata 'r` e poarna od dale~nata p~ejnca. (Sakaj go pove}e bli`noto i vidlivoto, od kolku {to dale~noto i nevidenoto, makar i polo{o da e prvoto.). (MNU 527). Cf. A near NEIGHBOUR is better than a far-dwelling kinsman. Before you make a FRIEND eat a bushel of salt with him. Treba da izede{ edna vre}a sol dodeka da go zapoznae{ vistinskiot prijatel. Sim. You should know a man seven years before you stir his fire. Old FRIENDS and old wine are best. Starite prijateli i staroto vino se najdobri. Var. Starjot prijateq poaren e od dvajca novi. (Kav. 3514). Dr`i se za novite p'ti{~a i starite prijateli. (Kav. 739). Novite p'ti{~a i starite prijateli baraj 'i. (Kav. 2558). Forbidden FRUIT is sweet. Zabranetoto ovo{je e najslatko. (Genesis 3, 6 / Bitie 3, 6). Var. Stolen fruit is sweet. Cf. Stolen WATERS are sweet. G

344.

No

GARDEN

without its weeds. Nema `ito bez kakol. Sim. On fat land

 229 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

345.

grow foulest weeds. All his GEESE are swans. Site negovi guski se lebedi. Var. Kom{iskata koko{ka se gqat kako guska. (Kav. 1725). Tu|ata koko{ka e pogolema od na{ata misirka. (MNU 6319). Na kom{ijata koko{kata po dve (ili pogolemi) jajca mu nosit.
(Tu|oto sekoga{ ni' izgleda podobro i mu zaviduvame na onoj {to go ima.). (MNU 4030). Sim. The grass is always greener on the other side of

346.

the fence. Our neighbour's cow yields more milk than ours. Our neighbour's ground yields better corn than ours. Never look a GIFT horse in the mouth. Na poklowen kow zubi ne se gledaat. (Nedeq. str. 188). Var. Na ari`an kon zabite ne se gledat. (MNU 3939). Na arizaniot kojn ne mu se gledat z'bite (za da se vidi dali e mlad ili star). (Podarocite da gi primame so blagodarnost, ne pravej}i zabele{ka dali bile vakvi ili onakvi, t.e. dobri ili lo{i.). (MNU 3940). Look not a gift (given) horse in the mouth.

347.

348. 349.

350.

351.

352.

353.

No man ought to look a gift horse in the mouth. It is better to GIVE than to receive. Poarno da dava{ odo{to da saka{. (MNU 5024). Var. Better give than take. It is more blessed to give than to receive. He GIVES twice who gives quickly. Dvapati dava koj brgu dava. Beware of him whom GOD hath marked. Pazi se od bele`aniot. Var. Take care of that man whom God has set his mark upon. Gospod da te ~ua od }ose ~ovek i od sakat. (MNU 1202). GOD defend me from my friends; from my enemies I can defend myself. Odvoj se od svoite neprijateli i ~uvaj se od svoite prijateli. (Ecclesiasticus 6, 13 / Sirah 6, 13). Var. Gospod da me vardit od prijatelite, a od du{manite sam }e se vardam. (Kav. 513). Gospod da me branit od budali prijateli, a od du{manite }e se branam sam. (Kav. 507). Bog da te ~ua od lo{i prijateli, da za od du{mani sam }e se ~ua{. (MNU 1200). Save us from our friends. GOD gives the milk, but not the pail. Gospod davat ama v ko{ara ne vnesuat. (MNU 1191). Var. Gospod dat, ama niz oxak ne pu{~at. (Kav. 515). GOD helps those who help themselves. Pomo`i si sam i Gospod da ti pomo`it. (Kav. 2981). Sim. Get thy spindle and thy distaff ready and God will send thee flax. GOD stays long, but strikes at last. Gospod zabaa, ama ne zabraa. (MNU 1209). Var. Bog zabaat (da otplatit ili da naka`et), ama ne zaboraat. (Dobroto ili zloto ne ostanuva neotplateno. Bilo koga, makar i podocna, dobrite lu|e }e bidat nagradeni za svoite dobri dela, a lo{ite }e se kaznat za zlostorstvata i prestapite svoi, ~esto duri i na ovoj svet.). (MNU 558). Bog, spolaj mu, zabavja

ama ne zaboravuva. (MNU 563). Gospod ne e ma~ka da te drapnit

 230 Bone Velikovski

354.

355.

356. 357.

358.

359.

360.

361.

odedno{. (Kav. 537). Sim. God hath leaden feet, but iron hands. When GOD will punish, he will first take away the understanding. Gospod prvo umot }e mu go zejt na ~veka, a posle stokata. (Kav. 541). Var. Whom the Gods would destroy, they first make mad. Cf. Whom FORTUNE wishes to destroy, she first makes mad. Tell me with whom thou GOEST, and I'll tell thee what thou doest. Ka`i mi so kogo oj{, da ti ka`am kakov si. (Kav. 1330). Var. So kogo si, takov si. (Kav. 3423). Sim. A man is known by the company he keeps. All that glitters is not GOLD. Se' {to sveti, ne e zlato. (P.D. 3129). Var. Ne e zlato se' {to sveti. (MNP 2510). GOLD is tried in the fire. Zlatoto se ispituva vo ogan. (I Peter 1, 7 / I Petar 1, 7; Revelation 3, 18 / Otkrovenie 3, 18). Var. Zlatoto v ogan se kalit. (Kav. 1062). Fire is the test of gold. Cf. FIRE is the test of gold; adversity of friendship. Zlatoto se kalit v ogan, a ~vek vo neoqa. (Kav. 1064). He that eats the Kings GOOSE, shall be chocked with the feathers. Go izel bijolot, se udajl so opa{kata. (Kav. 467). Var. Ne pi voda od begli~ka ~e{ma. (Kav. 2400). Na begliska ~e{ma voda nema. (Beglisko e se' ona {to e gradeno so kuluk, pa e prokleto.). (MNU 3945). The GRAPES are sour. Kiselo e grozjeto, rekla lisicata koga ne mo`ela da go doka~i. Sim. Fie upon hens! quoth the fox, because he could not reach them. A constant GUEST is never welcome. Kataden gost, (e) kako kisel grozd. (^estite poseti mu se zdodevni na onoj {to gi prima). (MNU 2862). Var. Nekanen gost (e) kako kisel grozd. (Koga ne go saka{, ni od prisustvoto negovo ne mo`e{ da bide{ zadovolen.). (MNU 4269). Nekanat gost, goto magare. (Nekanat gostin, goto magare.). (Kav. 2320). Nekanet gost e kako magare na jasli. (MNU 4271). Nekanet gost mol~it kako }os na jajca. (MNU 4272). Poblag da mi doj{ (da mi ida{). /t.e. poretko da ide/. (Kav. 2921). Cf. FISH and guests stink after three days. An unbidden GUEST knows not where to sit. Nevikan gostin zad vrata sedit. (GK, II, str. 178). Var. An unbidden guest must bring his stool with him. Sim. He who comes uncalled sits unserved. H

362.

Between the HAMMER and the anvil. Me|u ~ekan i nakovalno. Var. Sega se nao|am me|u dva ogna. (P.D. 3132). Ugore visoko, udolu dlaboko. Cf. Put not thy HAND between the bark and the tree. Ne klaj prst me|u dve vra}e. (Kav. 2321). Koj go potiskat nosot (prstot) vo ~u`xa vrata, bez nos (bez prst) }e ostanit. (Kav.

 231 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

363. 364. 365.

366. 367. 368.

369.

370.

371.

372.

373.

1544). One HAND washes another and both the face. Ednata raka drugata ja mie, a obete liceto. (MNU 1941). Var. One hand washes the other. Cold HANDS, warm heart. Studeni race toplo srce. Var. A cold hand and a warm heart. Many HANDS make light work. Mnogu race blaosoeni, a mnogu usti aforesani (prokleti). Var. (MNU 3782). Mnogu r'ce blaosoeni, mnogu usti k'lnati. (Kav. 1986). HARD with hard makes not the stone wall. Dva quti (ostri) kamena bra{no ne melet. (Kav. 668). First catch your HARE, then cook him. Prvo operi ja me~kata, posle prodaj ja ko`ata. (Kav. 3041). A forgetful HEAD makes a weary pair of heels. Koj nemat vo glata, imat vo noyete. (Kav. 1617). Sim. Little wit in the head makes much work for the feet. Who has not understanding, let him have legs. Koj nemat um, imat noye. (Kav. 1621). Better be the HEAD of a dog than the tail of a lion. Poarno e da bidi{ glaa na ma~kite odo{to opa{ka na arslanite. (MNU 5027). Sim. Better be the head of an ass than the tail of a lion. Better be the head of a lizard than the tail of a lion. Better be the head of a mouse than the tail of a lion. Better be the head of a pike than the tail of a sturgeon. Poarno da si na ovcite gla, otkolku na gojadata opa{ka. (Kav. 2879). Podobro e `ivo ku~e, otkolku mrtov lav. (P.D. 2754). He that has a HEAD of glass must not throw stones at another. Koj ima staklena glava ne treba da frla so kamewa po drug. Sim. He that has a house of glass must not throw stones at another. People who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones. Cf. He that has a HEAD of wax must not walk in the sun. He that has a HEAD of wax must not walk in the sun. Koj e }eqav, da ne sedit gologlav. (Kav. 1555). Sim. Be not a baker if your head be of butter. People who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones. Who has skirts of straw needs fear the fire. Cf. He that has a HEAD of glass must not throw stones at another. Mickle HEAD, little wit. Bradata mu carska, glavata mu vodeni~arska. (MNU 616). Var. [~o mu treba brada, koga nema um u glavata. (MNU 6957). The HEAD gray, and no brains yet. Bradata mu siva, glavata mu diva. (MNU 615). Var. Kosata mu obele, i umot ne mu dojde. (MNU 3284). Ostare, obele i umot vo glavata ne mu dojde. (MNU 4817). Sim. No fool to the old fool. Kolku stareit, (tolku) i magareit.
(Starite godini ne go napravile poopiten, ta da stanal poumen; naprotiv, od den na den toj se' pove}e se rasipuva. Se odnesuva za onie stari koi{to kolku se postari, tolku pove}e se izopa~uvaat.). (MNU

 232 Bone Velikovski

374.

375. 376.

377.

378. 379.

380. 381.

382.

383.

384.

385. 386.

3245). When the HEAD aches all the body is the worse. Koga boli glavata, celoto telo e vo bolka. Ako strada eden ~len, so nego stradaat site ~lenovi. (I Corinthians 12, 26 / I Korintjani 12, 26). So many HEADS, so many minds. Kolku glavi, tolku umovi. Cf. So many MEN, so many opinions. HEALTH is better than wealth. Pove}e vredi zdravjeto i snagata otkolku celoto bogatstvo na ovoj svet. (Ecclesiasticus 30, 15 / Sirah 30, 15). Var. Zdravje - najgolemo bogatstvo (Nedeq. str. 198). Bez zdravje nemat bogatstvo. (Kav. 214). Sim. Health is great riches. HEAR and see and say nothing. Poe}e slu{aj odo{to da zborua{. (MNU 5088). Var. Hear all, see all, say nowt. Sim. Wide ears and a short tongue. Cf. HEAR much, speak little. He that would live in PEACE and rest, must hear, and see, and say the best. HEAR much, speak little. Poe}e slu{aj o{to zboruj. (MNU 5089). Cf. HEAR and see and say nothing. Every HEART has its own ache. Sekoja planina svojata te`ina (si znajt). (Sekoj sam si ja znae svojata maka.). (MNU 5593). Var. Sekoja planina si ja znae svojata te`ina. (P.D. 3192). Sekoj kamen na mesto si te`it. (MNU 5605). Cf. Every man has his CROSS to bear. Sekoj go nosi svojot krst. (P.D. 3163). Faint HEART never won fair lady. Sram `ena ne zima. (MNU 6000). Var. Stram dupka ne rani. (Itar treba da bide.). (MNU 6064). HEART in mouth, mouth in heart. [~o mu na usta (na j'zik), to mu i na srce. (Kav. 3967). Var. [to ima u ~oeka vo srceto, toa mu poka`ua i liceto. (MNU 6866). [to izlegua od ustata, toa bilo i vo mislata. (MNU 6865). Nothing is impossible to a willing HEART. Ni{to ne e nevozmo`no za toj {to mnogu saka da ja ispolni svojata `elba. Var. Nothing is impossible to a willing mind. Sim. A good heart conquers ill fortune. Cf. Where there's a WILL, there's a way. Ako se ima volja, }e se najde i na~in. What the HEART thinks, the tongue speaks. Liceto go poka`ua srceto. (MNU 3514). Var. Kako {to zborua, taka i misli. (MNU 2808). Sim. He wears his heart upon his sleeve. His heart is in his mouth. Cf. Out of the ABUNDANCE of the heart the mouth speaketh. The HEART's letter is read in the eye. O~ite se ogledalo na du{ata. Sim. In the forehead and the eye, the lecture of the mind doth lie. Cf. The EYE lets in love. The HEART's mirth does make the face fair. Smeeweto e dobro za zdravjeto. (P.D. 3287). One's own HEARTH is gold's worth. Svoja ku}a, svoja popradalnica. (MNU 5517). Sim. East, west, home's best. Home is home, though it be

 233 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

387. 388.

389. 390. 391.

392.

393.

394. 395. 396.

never so homely. Daleku odi, ama i za doma misli. (MNU 1397). Odi kaj }e ode{, doma da si dojde{. (MNU 4602). Cf. An ENGLISHMAN's home is his castle. There is no PLACE like home. Za sekogo negoviot dom e najubav. There is no going to HEAVEN in a sedan. Vo rajot ne se stignuva so ko~ija. Var. To go to heaven in a featherbed. Where the HEDGE is lowest, men may soonest over. Kade{to ogradata e najniska, tamu najlesno se minuva. Var. A low hedge is easily leaped over. Men leap over where the hedge is lowest. HELL and destruction are never full. Smrtta i Propasta ne mo`at da se zasitat. (Proverbs 27, 20 / Poslovici 27, 20). HELL is paved with good intentions. Patot do pekolot e poplo~en so dobri nameri. Var. The road to hell is paved with good intentions. A black HEN lays a white egg. Crna koko{ka beli jajca nosit. (Kav. 3830). Var. I crnata krava belo mleko dat. (Kav. 1721). Crna bijolica (krava) belo mleko dat. (Kav. 3831). I bijolicana belo mleko dat. (Kav. 1130). Crnata zemja beli poga~i ro`xat. (Kav. 3833). Crni r'ce, bela poga~a. (Kav. 3834). Crn piper na bel oriz se solit. (Kav. 3840). Seedno e dali e ma~kata crna ili bela, samo da lovi gluvci. (P.D. 3147). He that comes of a HEN must scrape. Se' {to }e se izvede od koko{ka mora da ~epka. Cf. That that comes of a CAT will catch mice. [~o ma~ka stralo, toa glusci loalo. (MNU 6956). He that leaves the HIGHWAY to cut short, commonly goes about. Prekutrupa e poblisku, a nekoga{ podaleku. (P.D. 2876). Sim. Who leaves the old way for the new, will find himself deceived. The HIGHWAY is never about. Otkako }e se prevratit kolata, (setne) p'ti{~a mnogu (se nao`xeet). (MNU 4830). It is hard to break a HOG of an ill custom. Sviwata jala ne jala, pak si ro{kat po |ubreto. (P.D. 3036). The worst HOG often gets the best pear. Ubaite kru{i gi jadat svinite. (MNU 6441). Var. Zdrelite kru{i divite sviwi (i jadat).
(Nedostojni lu|e ~esto uspevaat poarno od dostojnite i sposobnite. Obi~no se upotrebuva koga nekoj dolen mladi~ uspee da se o`eni so nekoja li~na i dobra moma, ili obratno.). (MNU 2283). Sim. Into the

397. 398.

399.

mouth of a bad dog often falls a good bone. HOLD fast when you have. Dr`i si go v r'ka, da ne ti e m'ka. (Kav. 742). Every day is HOLIDAY with sluggards. Za mrzlivite sekoj den e praznik. Var. Koj dr`it praznik, prazna mu e ku}ata. (Kav. 1547). Koj dr`it mnogu praznici, brgu osiroma{vit. (Kav. 1548). Sim. He that does nothing always finds helpers. HONESTY may be dear bought, but can never be an ill pennyworth.

 234 Bone Velikovski

400.

401.

402. 403. 404. 405.

406.

407. 408. 409. 410. 411. 412.

413. 414. 415.

416.

^esta ne mo`e da se odzeme, taa mo`e samo da se zagubi. (MNP 3905). He that has no HONEY in his pot, let him have it in his mouth. Koj si nema pari v keseto, neka si ima med of ustata. (MNP 3129). Sim. He that has not silver in his purse should have silk on his tongue. HONEY catches more flies than vinegar. Na medot se fa}aat pove}e muvi otkolku na ocetot. Cf. You will catch more FLIES with a spoonful of honey than with a gallon of vinegar. HONEY is not for the ass's mouth. Medot ne e za magare{ka usta. HONEY is sweet, but the bee stings. Medot e sladok, no p~elata bocka. It is not with saying HONEY, Honey, that sweetness will come into the mouth. So vikawe "med", ne se nasladuva ustata. Make yourself all HONEY and the flies will devour you. Ako se stori{ med, i muite }e te jadat (ili }e te pquvaet). (MNU 178). Cf. He that makes himself a SHEEP shall be eaten by the wolf. Ako se stori{ ovca, sekoj }e te stri`e. (MNU 179). Too much HONEY cloys the stomach. Koga }e najde{ med, jadi umereno, za da ne se prejade{ i da go izbluva{ izedenoto. (Proverbs 25, 16 / Poslovici 25, 16). HONOUR is the reward of virtue. ^esta e nagrada za doblesta (dobrodetelta). Where there is no HONOUR, there is no grief. Kade nema ~est, nema ni kaewe. Great HONOURS are great burdens. Golemite po~esti se golemi tovari. Sim. The more cost, the more honour. HOPE deferred maketh the heart sick. Odlo`uvanata nade` go iznemo{tuva srceto. (Proverbs 13, 12 / Poslovici 13, 12). HOPE maketh not ashamed. Nade`ta ne razo~aruva. (Romans 5, 5 / Rimjani 5, 5). Too much HOPE deceives. Koj mnogu se nadeva, mnogu se razo~aruva. Sim. Hope often deludes the foolish man. Koj se nadei na nade{, ne }e ima vade{. (MNU 3111). Who lives by HOPE will die by hunger. Koj se hrani so nade`, umira gladen. (P.D. 1573). Sim. He that lives in hope hath a slender diet. A boisterous HORSE must have a rough bridle. Za neskrotliv kow treba cvrsta uzda. A hired HORSE tired never. Tu|iot kow nikoga{ ne e izmoren. Var. So ~u`x kow pobrgu se ojt. (Kav. 3476). ^u`xjot kow malu jajt, mnogu nosit (mnogu tr~at, mnogu trgat). (Kav. 3915). A HORSE, a wife, and a sword may be showen, but not lent. @ena, kow, pu{ka, ne se daat na tu|a raka. (MNU 2055). Var. Pu{kata do sebe, (a) `enata pri sebe (dr`i si ja). (Ne se ostavaj da ja od-

 235 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

dale~i{ od sebe pu{kata ni `ena si; za{to od prvata mo`e{ da postrada{, a vtorata mo`e da pretrpi nekoja moralna navreda, ili najva`noto ne{to ne mu go doveruvaj na drug i sam ~uvaj si go.). (MNU

417. 418.

419.

420.

421.

422. 423. 424. 425. 426.

5296). A HORSE may stumble that has four legs. Kowot ima ~etiri noze, no mo`e da se sopne. Sim. It is a good horse that never stumbles. A running HORSE needs no spur. Za kow {to tr~a ne treba bi~. Var. Do not spur a free horse. A good horse should be seldom spurred. Sim. The beast that goes always never wants blows. He that has a white HORSE and a fair wife never wants trouble. Na bel kow i na ubava `ena nikoj ne mo`e da im ugodi. Var. Na bel kow seiz i na nov majstor kalfa da ne bidi{. (MNU 3947). Live, HORSE, and you'll get grass. Ne umri, kowu, do zelena treva. (MNU 4402). Var. Ne umri, magare, do zelena treva. (^ekaj do neopredeleno vreme.). (MNU 4403). Sim. While the grass grows, the horse starves. One thing thinks the HORSE, and another he that saddles him. Edno misli kowot, a drugo toj {to go osedluva. Var. Edno mislit kamiqata, a drugo kamiqarot. (Kav. 849). Edno mislet glufcite, a drugo ma~kata. (Kav. 846). The horse thinks one thing and he that rides him another. Sim. One thing thinketh the bear, and another he that leadeth him. Drugo krojat gluvcite, drugo ma~orot. (MNU 1803). Drugo misli kiraxijata, drugo anxijata. (MNU 1805). Scabbed HORSE cannot abide the comb. Na }eqava glava bri~ ne i' trebe. (MNU 4150). The common HORSE is worst shod. Zaedni~kiot kow e najlo{o potkovan. The HORSE that draws most is most whipped. Kowot {to najmnogu trga, najve}e go mavaat. Who hath no HORSE may ride on a staff. Koj nema kow, java na stap. You can take a HORSE to the water, but you can't make him drink. Kowot mo`e{ da go odnese{ na poilo, no ne mo`e{ da go natera{ da pie. Var. So sila 'rt na lov ne odit. (Nasila ne mo`e{ nikogo
da go natera{ da ti svr{i rabota, {to od nego bi barala samovolnost i samopregor.). (MNU 5951). So sila ubavina ne biva. (MNU

427.

HORSE you ride on. Magare vjaaj, magare baraj. (Go bara{ ona {to ti e pred o~ite, a ne mo`e{ da go sogleda{ i da go vidi{.). (MNU 3585). Cf. The BUTCHER looked for his knife and it was in his

5952). You look for the

428. 429.

mouth. You are like the man that sought his MARE, and he riding on her. Trust not a HORSE's heel, nor a dog's tooth. Pazi se od kowsko kopito i od pesji zabi. He that reckons without his HOST must reckon twice. Smetka bez

 236 Bone Velikovski

430.

431. 432.

433.

434. 435. 436.

437. 438. 439.

440. 441.

442.

443. 444.

kr~mar ne se pravi. An HOUR in the morning is worth two in the evening. Eden ~as nautro vredi kolku dva nave~er. Var. Ne menuvaj belo za crno. (Dewe raboti, no}e spij!). Se smejt denot na no}nata rabota. (Kav. 3297). It chances in an HOUR, that happens not in seven years. [to nosit saatot, ne nosit godinata. (MNU 6884). The morning HOUR has gold in its mouth. Koj rano ranit, dve stre}i grabit. (Kav. 1654). Var. Koj{to rano se obua, toj ne gre{ava. (MNU 3198). Koj{to rano stanua, poarno ugodua. (MNU 3199). Koj{to rano stanua, toj ne gre{ava. (MNU 3200). Rano pile rano pee. (MNU 5352). Toj {to rano stanua i Gospod mu pomagat. (MNU 6244). Sim. The Muses love the morning. Burn not your HOUSE to fright the mouse away. Ne pali ja ku}ata za da go istera{ glu{ecot. Var. Za edna bolva ne pali ja celata ~erga. (MNU 2163). In the HOUSE of a fiddler all fiddle. Vo ku}ata na tapanxija, se' babni. It is a sad HOUSE where the hen crows louder than the cock. Te{ko na taa ku}a kade{to koko{kata pee, a petelot jajca kva~i. When the HOUSE is burned down, you bring water. Po svadba topani. (MNU 5169). Var. Po smrt boles. (MNU 5180). Cf. When a thing is done, ADVICE comes too late. It's too late to shut the STABLE-DOOR after the horse has bolted. It is easy to be WISE after the event. Woeful is the HOUSEHOLD that wants a woman. Te{ko na taa ku}a bez `ena. HUNGER drives the wolf out of the woods. Gladen v'lk postred selo ojt. (Kav. 436). HUNGER finds no fault with the cookery. Gladen kow matna voda ne gleda. (MNU 1075). Sim. Hunger is the best sauce. Hunger makes hard beans sweet. All are not HUNTERS that blow the horn. Ne sekoj e lovec {to nosi pu{ka. He that HURTS another hurts himself. Koj na drug mu nanesuva nepravda, sam }e si ja trga. Var. Koj {~o prajt, sebesi si prajt. (Kav. 1692). Cf. He that MISCHIEF hatches, mischief catches. A HUSBAND must be deaf and the wife blind to have quietness. Ma`ot treba da e gluv, a `enata slepa za da bidat obajcata sre}ni. Var. A deaf husband and a blind wife are always a happy couple. HUSBAND, don't believe what you see, but what I tell you. Ne im veruvaj na o~ite, ma`u, slu{aj {to ti velam jas. The HUSBAND is always the last to know. Ma`ot sekoga{ posleden doznava. Var. The cuckold is the last that knows of it.

 237 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

445.

The HUSBAND is the head of the wife. Ma`ot e glava na `enata. (Ephesians 5, 23 / Efesjani 5, 23; I Corinthians 11, 3 / I Korintjani 11, 3). I

446. 447.

448.

An IDLE person is the devil's cushion. Mrzliviot e pernica na |avolot. Var. Siromav ~vek - gotov |aol. (Kav. 3346). Be not IDLE, and you shall not be longing. Glaata }e mu trgat od pustata mrza. (MNU 1056). Var. Ostaj ja mrzata, vati ja brzata. (MNU 4812). IDLE people have the least leisure. Mrzlivite (bezrabotnite) lu|e imaat najmalku vreme. Sim. A sluggard takes an hundred steps because he would not take one in due time. Koja nevesta ja mrzit da mesit leb, (taa) seedno se' bra{no seit. (Koj ne saka da svr{i nekoja rabota, toj se' }e nao|a pre~ki, bo`em ima nekakvi pri~ini za toa itn.).

449.

450.

451.

452.

453.

454.

(MNU 2985). IDLENESS is the key of poverty. Mrzlivosta e klu~ot za siroma{tijata. Mrzata si ja nosit siroma{tijata po sebe. (MNU 3839). Var. Sloth is the key to poverty. Cf. The SLOTHFUL man is the beggar's brother. IDLENESS is the mother of all vice. Mrzelivosta u~i na mnogu lo{otii. (Ecclesiasticus 33, 27 / Sirah 33, 28). Var. Lenosta e majka na site lo{oti. (Kav. 1834). Mrzelivosta e po~etok na site lo{otii. (P.D. 1884). Idleness is the root (mother) of all evil. Polo{o od mrza ni{~o nemat na vekov. (Kav. 2966). Rabotata go krasi ~oeka, a mrzata go gnasi. (MNU 5319). Od mrza pote{ko nema. (MNU 4661). Od mrzava du{a izlava. (MNU 4660). Stramotata sedit vo bezrabotata. (MNU 6067). Cf. By DOING nothing we learn to do ill. By IGNORANCE we mistake, and by mistakes we learn. Na gre{kite se u~ime za da ne gi povtorime. (P.D. 1947). Var. Gre{kite se po insanot (qu|eto). (Kav. 563). Sim. Failure teaches success. Mistakes are often the best teachers. He that does ILL hates the light. Sekoj koj pravi zlo ja mrazi svetlinata. (John 3, 20 / Jovan 3, 20). Var. Koj lo{o prajt, lo{o do~ekvit. (Kav. 1589). Koj lo{o prajt, na dobro neka ne se nadejt. (Kav. 1590). ILL gotten, ill spent. Kako do{lo, taka (i) po{lo. (Bez trud spe~aleno bogatstvoto bespolezno se rastura.). (MNU 2725). Var. Kako do{lo, taka i oti{lo. (MNU 2724). Evil gotten, evil spent. Of one ILL come many. Lo{oto donesua u{te polo{o. (MNU 3549). Sim. Disgraces are like cherries, one draws another. One misfortune comes

 238 Bone Velikovski

455.

456. 457.

458. 459. 460.

461.

on the neck of another. Cf. MISFORTUNES never come singly. ILL LUCK is good for something. Sekoe zlo, ima svoe dobro. (P.D. 3155). Var. Sekoe zlo za dobro. (Kav. 3217). Cf. Nothing so BAD in which there is not something of good. An ILL TURN is soon done. Lo{oto lesno idet (dojdvit), ama lesno ne si ojt, (ama m'~no si ojt.). (Kav. 1878). Give him an INCH, and he'll take an ell. Ako mu dade{ peda, }e ti bara cel ar{in. Var. Ako mu dade{ poklupkata }e ti saka i grneto. (MNU 101). Cf. Give a clown your FINGER, and he will take your hand. Ako mu go podaj{ prstot, }e ti ja grabnit i r'kata. (Kav. 62). INDUSTRY is fortune's right hand, and frugality her left. Rabotlivosta e desna raka na sudbinata, a mrzlivosta leva. IRON not used soon rusts. @elezoto {to ne se koristi brgu 'r|osuva. Cf. RUST eats up iron. 'R|ata go jade `elezoto. IRON whets iron. @elezoto se ostri so `elezo. (Proverbs 27, 17 / Poslovici 27, 17). Var. @elezoto `elezo trie, a zboroite umo. (MNU 2043). Sim. One knife whets another. Strike while the IRON is hot. @elezoto se kove dodeka je `e{ko. (MNU 2045). Var. @elezono se kojt duri e xe{ko. (Kav. 892). @elezoto se ~uka, dodeka e vru}o. (MNU 2046). D'roto se vie dode e suroo. (MNU 1811). Sim. Make hay while the sun shines. Hoist your sail when the wind is fair. J

462. 463. 464.

465. 466. 467. 468. 469.

Every JACK must have his Jill. Sekoja vre}a si ima svoja zakrpa. Cf. There is not so bad a GILL, but there's as bad a Will. JEALOUSY is cruel as the grave. Qubomorata e cvrsta kako grob. (Song of Solomon 8, 6 / Pesna nad pesnite 8, 6). Leave a JEST when it pleases you best. Prestani koga ti e najslatko. Var. Leave a jest when it pleases lest it turn to earnest. Sim. Leave off while the play is good. Long JESTING was never good. Golemo u`ivawe, golemo kaewe. Cf. Leave a JEST when it pleases you best. JOVE laughs at lovers' perjuries. Jupiter se smee na qubovnite zakletvi. After JOY comes annoy. Po radost - neprijatnost. Var. Po smeh vik dohad'. (MNU 5179). Cf. SADNESS and gladness succeed each other. The JOY of the heart makes the face fair. Veseloto srce go razvedruva liceto. (Proverbs 15, 13 / Poslovici 15, 13). Don't JUDGE every one by your own measure. Sekoj si kroj so ar{ino svoj. (MNU 5620).

 239 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

470.

471. 472.

JUDGE not, that ye be not judged. Ne sudete, za da ne bidete sudeni. (Matthew 7, 1 / Matej 7, 1). Var. Sos kakva mera meri{, sos takva }e ti merat. (MNU 5955). JUDGE nothing before the time. Ne sudete ni{to predvreme. (I Corinthians 4, 5 / I Korintjani 4, 5). The JUST shall live by faith. Pravednikot }e `ivee od verata. (Romans 1, 17 / Rimjani 1, 17). K

473.

474.

475.

KEEPING is harder than winning. Pote{ko e da se so~uva otkolku da se spe~ali. Var. Mnozina znajat za pari da vadat, a malcina znaat da i' dr`at. (MNU 3787). He that will eat the KERNEL must crack the nut. Ako saka{ da ja jade{ jatkata treba da ja skr{i{ lu{pata. Sim. You cannot make an omelette without breaking eggs. Cf. He that would eat the FRUIT must climb the tree. The KETTLE calls the pot black-brows (burnt-arse). Se posmeal 'rbol na {~rbol. (MNU 5680). Var. Se posmeal ~erepot na {utarot.
(Se udavil vo vini, a obvinuva drug, kaj kogo zabele`al nekoja mala pogre{ka.). (MNU 5681). Sim. The pot calls the kettle black. Cf. Thou art a

476.

477. 478.

479.

480. 481.

bitter BIRD, said the raven to the starling. The FRYING-PAN said to the kettle, "Avaunt, black brows!" ^erep {utarka prekarvit. (Kav. 3887). Se posmeal }elaiot na krastaiot. (MNU 5682). A golden KEY can open any door. Zlatniot klu~ ja otvora sekoja vrata. Var. Parata `elezna vrata otvara i zatvara. (MNU 4902). Parata i `elezna vrata otvarat. (Kav. 2817). Sim. There is no lock but a golden key will open it. Cf. No LOCK will hold against the power of gold. The KICK of the dam hurts not the colt. Od klocata na kravata nema da umre teleto. Every man is a KING in his own house. Sekoj e stopan vo svojata ku}a. Var. Every groom is a king at home. Sim. Every dog is a lion at home. Sekoe petle na svoeto buni{te si pee. (MNU 5574). Seko ku~e doma si lait. (MNU 5632). Cf. A COCK is bold on his own dunghill. Like KING, like people. Kakov kral, takov narod. Var. Kakov pretsedatel, takov narod. (P.D. 1415). Like prince, like people. Cf. Like MASTER, like man. Kakov stopan, takov sluga. The KING is dead. Long live the King! Kralot e mrtov. Da `ivee kralot! Where nothing is, the KING must lose his right. Toa {~o nemat i carot ne jajt. (MNU 6215). Var. Where nought's to be got, kings lose their

 240 Bone Velikovski

482.

483. 484.

485. 486. 487.

488. 489.

scot. Cf. A man cannot GIVE what he hasn't got. He that has NOTHING needs fear to lose nothing. KINGDOMS divided soon fall. Podelenite kralstva brgu propa|aat. Var. Zulum duri ne bide, carstvo ne gine. (P.D. 1142). Sim. Divide and rule. Razdeli i vladej. A fat KITCHEN is near to poverty. Bogata trpeza, skora siroma{tija. When a KNAVE is in a plum-tree, he has neither friend nor kin. Koga se storil E|uptinot car, prvo tatka si go obesil. (Kav. 1478). Sim. Set a beggar on horseback, and he'll ride to the Devil. No pride like that of an enriched beggar. KNOW thyself. Spoznaj se samiot sebe si. KNOWLEDGE is power. Znaeweto e sila. Var. Sekoe znaewe e bogatstvo. (P.D. 3157). He that increaseth KNOWLEDGE increaseth sorrow. [to pove}e znaewe, toa pove}e bolki. (Ecclesiastes 1, 18 / Propovednik 1, 18). Var. Koj poe}e znait, poe}e }e trgat. (MNU 3082). Koj mnogu zn'jt, mnogu trgat. (Kav. 1596). Sim. Much science, much sorrow. Koj mnogu znae, mnogu }e strada. KNOWLEDGE without practice is nothing. Znaeweto bez praksa ne vredi mnogu. He that KNOWS nothing doubts nothing. Toj {to ni{to ne znae, vo ni{to ne se somneva. L

490. 491. 492. 493.

At latter LAMMAS. (To put off forever). Koga pusni kowa roga. (MNU 2941). Var. Na kukovo leto. Na kukov den. The LABOURER is worthy of his hire. Trudbenikot ja zaslu`uva svojata plata. (Luke 10, 7 / Luka 10, 7). He that LABOURS and thrives spins gold. Koj raboti i {tedi zlato prede. Var. Rabotata et od boga blaosovena. (MNU 5321). Every LAND has its own law. Sekoe selo svoj zakon (si imat). (Sekoj
si ja vr{i rabotata kako {to naviknal; ili sekoj si ja upravuva ku}ata i si gi vr{i ku}nite raboti spored svojot sopstven doma{en obi~aj i navika.). (MNU 5576). Cf. So many COUNTRIES, so many customs.

494. 495. 496. 497. 498.

Good LAND: evil way. Dobra zemja - lo{ zakon. Many a one for LAND takes a fool by the hand. Mnozina za pari stanale |avoli. Woe to thee, O LAND, when thy King is a child! Te{ko tebe, zemjo, koga ti e carot premlad! (Ecclesiastes 10, 16 / Propovednik 10, 16). No LARDER but hath his mice. Kaj {to ima `ito ima i gluvci. To think that LARKS will fall into one's mouth ready roasted. Mu se ~ini deka pe~eni koko{ki (fazani) pa|aat od neboto. Var. Ne

 241 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

499. 500. 501.

502.

503. 504.

505. 506. 507. 508. 509. 510. 511. 512. 513. 514.

515.

padinet pe~eni piliwa od nebo. (Kav. 2397). He thinks that roasted larks will fall into his mouth. Sim. You may gape long enough ere a bird fall in your mouth. If the sky falls we shall catch larks. He that comes LAST to the pot is soonest wroth. Na docna dojdenite koskite. Var. Koj docna doa|a, lo{o sedi. (P.D. 1505). The LAST shall be the first. Poslednite }e bidat prvi. (Matthew 19, 30 / Matej 19, 30). Better LATE than never. Poarno nekoga{, otkolku nikoga{. (Kav. 2901). Var. Nikoga{ ne e dockna. (Kav. 2508). Cf. It is not LOST that comes at last. LAUGH before breakfast, you'll cry before supper. Koj se smee nautro, }e pla~e nave~er. He that laughs in the morning, weeps at night. If you sing before breakfast, you'll cry before night. He that sings on Friday, will weep on Sunday. Sim. Sorrow treads upon the heels of mirth. Cf. SADNESS and gladness succeed each other. The day is lost on which you did not LAUGH. Sekoj den bez nasmevka e izguben den. (P.D. 3164). He LAUGHS best who laughs last. Koj se smejt najoyadi, najblago se smejt. (Kav. 1675). Var. He who laughs last, laughs longest. Sim. Let them laugh that win. He laughs who wins. Better the last smile than the first laughter. Too much LAUGHTER discovers folly. Koj mnogu se smee go smetaat za budala. Every LAW has a loophole. Vo sekoj zakon ima dupki. Much LAW, little justice. Mnogu zakon, malku pravda. The LAW grows of sin, and chastises it. Zakonot rasne vrz vinata za da ja kazni. Sim. Of evil manners spring good laws. The LAW is good, if a man use it lawfully. Zakonot e dobar, ako nekoj go primenuva zakonski. (I Timothy 1, 8 / I Timotej 1, 8). LAWS go as kings like. Zakonot se sproveduva po volja na kralevite. Sim. What the kings wills, that the law wills. Wrong LAWS make short governance. Lo{ite (strogite) zakoni ne traat dolgo. Var. Strogite vladeteli ne vladeat dolgo. LAWSUITS consume time, and money, and rest, and friends. Na sudeweto se tro{at pari, se gubi vreme i se ostanuva bez prijateli. A LAWYER's opinion is worth nothing unless paid for. Misleweto na advokatot vredi samo ako dobro mu se plati. A small LEAK will sink a great ship. Od malo dup~e mo`e da potone i golem brod. Sim. Little strokes fell great oaks. Cf. A little STONE in the way overturns a great wain. LEARN weeping, and you shall gain laughing. Ako nau~i{ da pla~e{, }e znae{ i kako da se smee{. Var. Onie {to sejat so solzi,

 242 Bone Velikovski

516.

517.

518. 519.

520. 521.

522.

523. 524.

525. 526. 527. 528. 529. 530. 531. 532.

533.

`neat so pesni. (Psalms 126, 5 / Psalmi 126, 5). What we first LEARN we best know. [to najprvin }e se nau~i, najdobro }e se zapameti. Sim. Whoso learneth young forgets not when he is old. Cf. What YOUTH is used to, age remembers. Much LEARNING makes men mad. Tvoite mnogubrojni pisma te dovele do ludilo; Tvoeto golemo znaewe te pravi lud. (Acts 26, 24 / Apostolski dela 26, 24). Var. Od mnogu u~ewe glava boli. Better LEAVE than lack. Poarno da ostane otkolku da ne stigne. Everyone stretches his LEGS according to the length of his coverlet. Kolku ti e rogo`ata, tol'ku pru`i 'i nogite. (GK, II, str. 181). Var. Stretch your legs according to your coverlet. Sim. Stretch your arm no further than your sleeve will reach. Cf. Cut your COAT according to your cloth. The LETTER killeth, but the spirit giveth life. Bukvata ubiva, a Duhot o`ivuva. (II Corinthians 3, 6 / II Korintjani 3, 6). A LIAR is not believed when he speaks the truth. Koj edno{ka izm'mit, posle i vistinata da je ka`vit, ne mu vervet. (Kav. 1550a). Sim. He that once deceives is ever suspected. Koj edno{ka izm'mit, vtor p't ne mu vervet. (Kav. 1550). Show me a LIAR, and I will show you a thief. Poka`i mi la`livec, }e ti poka`am kradlivec. Var. Koj la`i, i kradi. (MNU 3037). Cf. He that will LIE will steal. LYING and thieving go together. LIARS have need of good memories. La`livcite treba da imaat dobro pomnewe. Var. La`goto ima dobro pamtewe. (P.D. 1649). He that will LIE will steal. Koj la`e toj i kradi. Koj m'mit i kradit. (Kav. 1603). Cf. Show me a LIAR and I will show you a thief. LYING and thieving go together. One LIE makes many. Od edna laga pove}e se ra|aat. "They say so" is half a LIE. Koj veli "taka ka`uvaat", ve}e e polovina laga. Cf. ALMOST and very (well) nigh saves many a lie. Though a LIE be well dressed, it is ever overcome. Iako na lagata i' e ubava rubata, ne mo`e da se sokrie. LIES have short legs. Lagata kusa ja ima nogata. (MNU 3404). He is unworthy of LIFE that causes not life in another. Ne zaslu`uva da `ivee toj {to drug go li{uva od `ivot. LIFE is a battle. @ivotot na ~ovekot na zemjata e borba. (P.D. 995). No man has a lease of his LIFE. Nikoj ne znojt koga }e umrit. (P.D 2442). To lengthen your LIFE, lessen your meals. Ako saka{ da si go prodol`i{ `ivotot, olesni si go obrokot. Var. Mala ve~eri~ka dolga `ivea~ka. (P.D. 1777). While there is LIFE, there is hope. Za onoj koj e me|u `ivite, ima nade`. (Ecclesiastes 9, 4 / Propovednik 9, 4). Var. Dodeka di{am, se

 243 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

534.

535.

536. 537. 538. 539.

540. 541. 542. 543.

nadevam. (P.D. 808). LIGHTLY gained, quickly lost. Nepravedno spe~aleno, ne stigvit ni do tretoto koleno. (Kav. 2408). Sim. Quickly come, quickly go. So got, so gone. Cf. EASY come, easy go. Come with the WIND, go with the water. LIKE cures like. Sli~noto sli~no lekuva. Var. Klin so klin se istervit. (Kav. 1453). Sim. One poison drives out another. Cf. One DEVIL drives out another. One NAIL drives out another. LIKE will to like. Sli~noto so sli~no se privlekuva. Sim. Likeness causes liking. Cf. BIRDS of a feather flock together. There is a LIMIT to everything. Se' ima granica. There is a LIMIT to one's patience. Ima granica na se~ija strplivost. Sim. Patience provoked turns to fury. One does not wash one's dirty LINEN in public. Ne~istite ali{ta doma se perat. Var. Do not wash your dirty linen in public. Dirty linen should be washed at home. The LION is known by his claws. Lavot po kanxite se poznava. Sim. An ass is known by his ears. The devil is known by his claws. In the LION's skin cannot the fox's shall. Vo lavovska ko`a lisica ne stoi. Cf. Either by MIGHT or by sleight. The LION's share. Lavovski del. LIP-HONOUR costs little, yet may bring in much. Arniot zbor `elezna vrata otvorat. (Kav. 172). Var. Blagiot zbor i `elezna vrata otvorat. (Kav. 244). Medenata usta `elezni vra}e otvorat. (Kav. 1930). Blaga re~ `elezna vrata otvorat. (MNU 515). Blagata lakrdija `elezni porti otvara. (MNU 516). Slatkata re~ i `elezna vrata otvarat. (So blagi zborovi mo`e{ da gi skroti{
i najkoravite srca i da gi privle~e{ kon sebe i najsvirepite lu|e.).

544.

545.

546.

547. 548.

(MNU 5829). Sladkata duma otvara zlatnata vrata. (MNU 5826). Sim. Civility costs nothing. Good words cost naught. A man's hat in his hand, never did him any harm. Cf. Kind WORDS go a long way. Scald not your LIPS in another man's pottage. Ne gori si gi usnite vo tu|a ~orba. Var. Ne ~ukaj ~u`da 'r`. (MNU 4416). Sim. Manxa {to ne jadi{, {to se gri`i{ ak' izgore. (MNU 3650). LISTENERS never hear any good of themselves. Koj gi slu{a drugite nikoga{ ubavo za sebe ne }e ~ue. Var. Eavesdroppers never hear any good of themselves. Sim. He who peeps through a hole, may see what will vex him. LITTLE and often fills the purse. Malku i ~esto go polni }eseto. Sim. Grain by grain, and the hen fills her belly. Zrno po zrno - poga~a, kamen po kamen - palata. (P.D. 1141). LIVE and learn. ^ovek se u~i dodeka e `iv. Cf. Never too OLD to learn. LIVE and let live. @ivej i ostavi gi i drugite da `iveat.

 244 Bone Velikovski

549.

550.

551. 552. 553. 554.

555.

556. 557. 558.

559. 560. 561.

562.

563. 564. 565.

We must LIVE by the quick, not by the dead. Mrtvite so mrtvi, `ivite so `ivi. Var. We must live by the living, not by the dead. Sim. Let the dead bury the dead and the living lead a gay life. Cf. Let the DEAD bury their dead. All that LIVES must die. Se' {to e `ivo mora da umre. Var. [~o vleglo v lelejka, }e vlezit i v nosilo. (Sekoj {to se rodil i }e umre.). (MNU 6940). Koj ne se rodil, ne }e umrit; a koj se rodil, }e umrit. (MNU 3053). Cf. He that is once BORN, once must die. All MEN are mortal. He LIVES long that lives well. Dolgo `ivee koj dobro `ivee. No LOCK will hold against the power of gold. Zlatoto e klu~ za site vrati. (P.D. 1120. Cf. A golden KEY can open any door. Crooked LOGS make straight fires. Ako mi e kriv oxako, koga mi izleguva naprao ~adot. (MNU 94). LOOKERS-ON see more than players. Gleda~ite gledaat pove}e od igra~ite. Var. Lookers-on see most of the game. Standers-by see more than gamesters. A LORD without riches is a soldier without arms. Gospodar bez bogatstvo e kako vojnik bez oru`je. Sim. Nothing agreeth worse than a lord's heart and a beggar's purse. Whom the LORD loveth, he chasteneth. Gospod go kaznuva onoj, kogo go qubi. (Hebrews 12, 6 / Evrei 12, 6). The LOSER is always laughed at. Toj {to gubi, sekoga{ e ismean. Sim. Loss embraces shame. One never LOSES by doing a good turn. Koj pravi dobro nikoga{ ne gubi. Var. Koj dobro prajt, nema zo{~o da se kajt. (Kav. 1546). Cf. A good DEED is never lost. There's no great LOSS without some gain. Nema gubitok bez nekoja dobivka. Var. No great loss but some small profit. It is not LOST that comes at last. Podobro podocna otkolku nikoga{. Sim. It is never long that comes at last. Cf. Better LATE than never. Follow LOVE and it will flee thee; flee love and it will follow thee. Ako odi{ po qubovta, taa }e bega od tebe; ako bega{ od nea taa }e tr~a po tebe. LOVE and a cough cannot be hid. Qubov i ka{lica ne se krijet (ne mo`et da se skrijet). (Kav. 1882). Var. Qubovta i ka{licata ne se krijat. (MNP 2071). LOVE cannot be compelled. So sila qubov nema. Sim. Fanned fires and forced love never did well yet. So sila ubavina nema. (P.D. 3355). LOVE covers many infirmities. Qubovta gi pokriva site pogre{ki. (Proverbs 10, 12 / Poslovici 10, 12). Var. Love covers many faults. LOVE is a sweet torment. Qubovta e slatko ma~ewe (izma~uvawe). Sim. Love is full of trouble. The course of true love never did run smooth.

 245 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

566.

567. 568. 569. 570.

571. 572. 573. 574. 575. 576. 577.

578.

579. 580.

581. 582. 583.

LOVE is blind. Qubovta e slepa. Var. Qubovta e ubava, no e slepa. (MNP 2070). Sim. Affection blinds reason. Qubovta ubajna ne gqat. (Kav. 1884). Nikoj ne gleda koga e ludo zaquben. (P.D. 2432). LOVE is never without jealousy. Qubov bez qubomora ne odi. LOVE is not found in the market. Qubovta ne se prodava na pazar. LOVE is strong as death. Qubovta e silna kako smrtta. (Song of Solomon 8, 6 / Pesna nad pesnite 8, 6). LOVE is sweet in the beginning but sour in the ending. Qubovta e slatka na po~etokot, no gorka na krajot. Var. Qubovta e po~etok na dobroto i zloto. (P.D. 1730). LOVE is the fruit of idleness. Qubovta e rabota za tie {to se bez rabota. (P.D. 1731). LOVE is without reason. Vo qubovta nema razum. Sim. No folly like being in love. LOVE makes all hearts gentle. Qubovta go razne`nuva sekoe srce. LOVE will find a way. Qubovta pobeduva se'. (P.D. 1740). LOVE will go through stone walls. Qubovta niz kameni yidovi minuva. No herb will cure LOVE. Za qubovta nema lek. No LOVE like the first love. Prvata qubov ne se zaborava. Var. Prvata qubov e poslatka i od med. (P.D. 2860). Sim. Of soup and love, the first is the best. Old LOVE will not be forgotten. Starata qubov ne se zaborava. Var. Starata qubov ne 'r|osuva. (P.D. 3423). Sim. Of soup and love, the first is the best. Perfect LOVE casteth out fear. Sovr{enata qubov go izgonuva stravot. (I John 4, 18 / I Jovan 4, 18). The LOVE of money is the root of all evil. Srebroqubieto e koren na sekakvi zla. (I Timothy 6, 10 / I Timotej 6, 10). Var. Money is the root of all evil. There is nothing worse than an old LOVER. Nema ni{to polo{o od star qubovnik. Give a man LUCK and cast him into the sea. Rodi me so kasmet, ta frli me na buni{te. (MNU 5413). LYING and thieving go together. Koj la`e, toj i krade. (P.D. 1528). Cf. Show me a LIAR and I will show you a thief. He that will LIE will steal. M

584.

All meats to be eaten, and all MAIDS to be wed. Sekoe meso e za jadewe, sekoja devojka e za ma`ewe. Var. Koja stra~ka bez opa{ka, koja momi~ka bez mom~e. (Kav. 1511).

 246 Bone Velikovski

585.

586.

587.

588. 589.

590.

591.

592. 593. 594. 595.

596.

597.

598.

A MAN is known by the company he keeps. Ka`i mi so kakvi se dru`i{, }e ti ka`am kakov si. Var. Sos kakvi se sobere{, takov }e bide{. (MNU 5956). A MAN of straw is worth a woman of gold. Ma` od slama vredi kolku `ena od zlato. Var. Poarno tri dni petel, otkolku sto godini koko{ka. (Kav. 2918). A MAN without a wife is but half a man. Ma` bez `ena e polovina ma`. Var. Ku}a bez `ena - vodenica bez voda. (P.D. 1631). Cf. It is not good that the man should be ALONE. Every MAN for himself and God for us all. Sekoj za sebe, a Gospod za site nas. Every MAN has his faults. Nikoj ne e bezgre{en. Sim. Show me a man without a spot, and I'll show you a maid without a fault. Cf. Men are not ANGELS. Lu|eto ne se angeli. Every MAN must walk in his own trade. Sekoj treba da si ja gleda svojata rabota; Sekoj neka ostane onakov kakov e povikan! (I Corinthians 7, 20 / I Korintjani 7, 20). Var. Every man must walk in his own calling. Sim. Every man as his business lies. Let an ill MAN lie in thy straw, and he looks to be thy heir. Ako na lo{iot mu dozvoli{ da legne na tvoja slama, }e bara da ti bide naslednik. Sim. I gave the mouse a hole and she is become my heir. MAN proposes, God disposes. ^vek mislit edno, Gospod dat drugo. (Kav. 3857). Var. Edno ~vek krojt, drugo Gospod prajt. (Kav. 857). No MAN is born into the world, whose work is not born with him. ^ovekot se ra|a so svojot zanaet. Remember thou art but a MAN. Seti se deka si samo ~ovek. The hurt MAN writes with steel on a marble stone. Toj {to patel pi{uva so ~eli~no pero na mermerna plo~a. Sim. Injuries are written in brass. MANY are called, but few are chosen. Mnozina se povikani, a malkumina izbrani. (Matthew 20, 16; 22, 14 / Matej 20, 16; 22, 14). Var. Mnozina lu|e si mijat racete, za da ru~aat so vladikata, a malcina }e sednat na negoata trpeza. (MNU 3791). MANY small make a great. Od malku mnogu stanuva. Sim. Many a little makes a mickle. Cf. Many DROPS make a shower. PENNY and penny laid up will be many. My old MARE would have a new crupper. Stara magarica, (a) crvena podopa{nica (nosit). (Stara `ena, ama se nakontila kako mlada nevesta so nevestinska ruba i belila, {to ne i' prilega na godinite.).

599.

(MNU 6017). Cf. Put not an embroidered CRUPPER on an ass. You are like the man that sought his MARE, and he riding on her. Magare vjaaj, magare baraj. (Go bara{ ona {to ti e pred o~ite, a ne mo`e{ da go sogleda{ i da go vidi{.). (MNU 3585). Cf. The BUTCHER

 247 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

600. 601. 602. 603. 604. 605.

606. 607. 608. 609. 610. 611. 612.

613.

614. 615. 616. 617.

looked for his knife and it was in his mouth. You look for the HORSE you ride on. He that cannot abide a bad MARKET deserves not a good one. Koj ne znae da gubi, ne zaslu`uva da dobie. A good MARKSMAN may miss. I najdobriot strelec mo`e da proma{i. MARRIAGES are made in Heaven. Brakot e zapi{an na Neboto. Var. MARRIAGES are planned in Heaven. He that MARRIES late, marries ill. Dockna `enidba, rani siraci. (Kav. 728). Before you MARRY, be sure of a house, wherein to tarry. Pred da se o`eni{, treba ku}a da napravi{. MARRY your equal. O`eni se so tvojot sli~en. Var. Marry your like (match). Sim. Like blood, like good, and like age, make the happiest marriage. Better MASTER one than engage with ten. Podobro eden otkolku deset gospodari. He can ill be a MASTER that never was a scholar. Toj {to nikoga{ ne bil ~irak, ne mo`e da bide majstor. Like MASTER, like man. Kakov stopan, takov sluga. Cf. Like KING, like people. MASTER absent and house dead. Koga stopanot ne e doma ku}ata se zapustuva. No man is his craft's MASTER the first day. Ne se stanuva majstor u{te prviot den. None is born a MASTER. Nikoj u~en (nau~en) ne se rodil. (Kav. 2521). Where every man is MASTER the world goes to wreck. Kade {to sekoj e gospodar svetot propa|a. Cf. There is no good ACCORD where every man would be a lord. No man can serve two MASTERS. Nikoj (Nieden sluga) ne mo`e da im slu`i na dva gospodara. (Matthew 6, 24 / Matej 6, 24; Luke 16, 13 / Luka 16, 13). Var. Na dve vra}e ku~eto od gladost umirat, (cojsvit). (Kav. 2119). Na ednaga da si izme}ar poarno et, o{to na siot grad. (MNU 4003). Cf. You cannot serve GOD and Mammon. He that is not with ME is against me. Koj ne e so Mene, toj e protiv Mene. (Matthew 12, 30 / Matej 12, 30; Luke 11, 23 / Luka 11, 23). The MEAN is the best. Malku, ama dobro. Sim. The middle way of measure is ever golden. Use the MEANS, and God will give the blessing. Mudro postapuvaj i Gospod }e te blagoslovi. And with what MEASURE you meet, it shall be measured to you again.

 248 Bone Velikovski

618. 619. 620. 621. 622.

623.

624.

625. 626. 627.

628. 629. 630. 631. 632. 633.

634.

635.

So kakva merka merite, so takva }e vi se (od)meri. (Matthew 7, 2 / Matej 7, 2; Luke 6, 38 / Luka 6, 38). MEASURE for measure. Merka za merka. MEASURE thrice what thou buyest; and cut it but once. Tripati meri, edna{ se~i. Var. Measure twice, cut but once. There is a MEASURE in all things. Za se' ima merka. Sim. Measure is treasure. Moderation in all things. After MEAT, mustard. Pomina zimata, ~umu ti je gunata. (MNU 5126). Var. After dinner, mustard. Cf. After DEATH the doctor. The MEEK will inherit the earth. Krotkite }e ja nasledat zemjata. (Matthew 5, 5 / Matej 5, 5). Pravednite }e ja nasledat zemjata. (Psalms 36, 29 / Psalmi 36, 29). All MEN are free of other men's goods. Lesno e da si dare`liv so tu|a stoka. Sim. Men are very generous with what costs them nothing. Cf. Men cut large THONGS of other men's leather. All MEN are mortal. Site lu|e se smrtni. Sim. It is as natural to be born as to die. Cf. He that is once BORN, once must die. All that LIVES must die. Mind other MEN, but most yourself. Vnimavaj na drugite, no najmnogu na sebesi. So many MEN, so many opinions. Kolku lu|e, tolku umovi. Var. Many men have many minds. Cf. So many HEADS, so many minds. Tall MEN had ever very empty heads. Na visokite lu|e prazni im se glavite. Var. Gospod boj mu dal, ama um ne mu dal. (Kav. 502). I j'sikana e visoka, ama senka nemat. (Kav. 1180). I j'sikana e visoka, ama ~avki je seret. (Kav. 1181). I topolana e visoka, ama ~avki je seret. (Kav. 1262). There are more MEN threatened than stricken. Pove}emina ima zapla{eni otkolku ubieni. He that loses is MERCHANT as well as he that gains. Trgovec e i onoj {to dobiva i toj {to gubi. Var. ]arot i zijanot se bra}a. MESSENGERS should neither be headed nor hanged. Glasnicite nitu se pogubuvaat nitu besat (se po{teduvaat). Either by MIGHT or by sleight. Ili so sila ili so itrina. Cf. In the LION's skin cannot the fox's shall. MIGHT is right. Kade ima sila nema pravina. In vain is the MILL-CLOCK if the miller his hearing lack. Vo vodenica budilnik ne treba. Var. Na }eqav ~e{eq ne mu trebit. (Kav. 2231). Every MILLER draws water to his own mill. Sekoj vodeni~ar si ja vrti vodata na svoja vodenica. Var. Sekoja motika vle~e kon sebe. (P.D. 3190). A contented MIND is a continual feast. Komu srceto e veselo, na gozbi

 249 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

636. 637. 638.

639. 640.

641. 642.

643. 644.

645. 646. 647.

648. 649.

650. 651.

e postojano. (Proverbs 15, 15 / Poslovici 15, 15). Cf. CONTENT is happiness. A sound MIND in a sound body. Zdrav duh vo zdravo telo. He that MISCHIEF hatches, mischief catches. Koj bura see, nevreme `nee. Cf. He that HURTS another hurts himself. MISCHIEF comes by the pound and goes away by the ounce. Bolesta idi u ~oeka so oki, a bega so dramoi. (MNU 598). Cf. DISEASES come on horseback, but go away on foot. MISCHIEF has swift wings. Bolesta lesno doa|a, a lesno ne si ode. (MNU 600). The MISER is always in want. Skr`aviot nikoga{ ne se nasituva. Var. Skr`aiot leb arno ne se najaduat. (MNU 5818). Titizot (skr`aviot) i koga umirat ne prajt arno (dobro). (Kav. 3621). A MISERLY father makes a prodigal son. Na skapernik tatko, rasipnik sin. Var. Titiz (skr`av) tatko, aramja sin. (Kav. 3622). MISFORTUNES never come singly. Niedna nesre}a ne doa|a sama. Var. Niedna lo{otija ne doa|a sama. (P.D. 2424). Misfortunes never come alone. Sim. Disgraces are like cherries, one draws another. One misfortune comes on the neck of another. It never rains but it pours. Cf. Of one ILL come many. MODERATION in all things. Treba da se bide umeren vo se'. A man without MONEY is no man at all. ^ovek bez pari e kako senka bez telo. (P.D. 3926). Var. Ima{ pari - vezir, nema{ pari - reziq. (Kav. 1210). Ima{ pari, ima{ fara (rodnini); nema{ pari, nema{ fara. (Kav. 1212). Ima{ pari, ima{ ~est, nema{ pari nema{ ~est. (Kav. 1214). Sim. A gentleman without an estate is like a pudding without suet. A man without money is a bow without an arrow. He that has MONEY has what he wants. Koj{to ima pari, {to saka so niv raboti. (MNU 3172). He that has no MONEY needs no purse. Koj nema pari ne mu treba }ese. Lend your MONEY and lose your friend. Prijatelot ako saka{ da go izgubi{, pozajmi mu pari. Sim. When I lent, I had a friend; but when I asked, he was unkind. Cf. If you would make an ENEMY, lend a man money, and ask it of him again. MONEY answers all things. Srebrenicite nabavuvaat se'. (Ecclesiastes 10, 19 / Propovednik 10, 19). MONEY commands all. Parata se' mo`e. Sim. All things are obedient to money. Love does much, money does everything. Cf. MONEY will do anything. MONEY draws money. Para na para odi. Sim. Money begets money. MONEY is round, and rolls away. Parata e trkalezna, lesno si odi.

 250 Bone Velikovski

652. 653. 654. 655. 656.

657.

658. 659.

660.

661. 662. 663.

664. 665. 666. 667.

668. 669.

MONEY makes money. Para na para se lepi. Cf. MONEY draws money. MONEY makes the man. Parata go pravi ~ovekot ~ovek. Sim. It is not what is he, but what has he. MONEY makes the world go round. Parite go vrtat svetot. MONEY opens all doors. Na parata site vrati i' se otvoreni. MONEY will do anything. Za pari se' mo`e da se kupi. Var. Ima{ pari, ima{ ~est. (Kav. 1213). Sim. All things are obedient to money. Love does much, money does everything. Cf. MONEY commands all. The MOON does not heed the barking of dogs. Mese~inata ne se pla{i od laeweto na ku~iwata. Var. The dog (wolf) barks in vain at the moon. Cf. DOGS bark, but the caravan goes on. Magareto so rikawe mu se ~init, oti vekot }e go upla{it. (MNU 3590). The MOON is not seen where the sun shines. Koga sonceto sveti, mese~inata ne se gleda. Var. Stars are not seen where the sun shines. The MORE you get, the more you want. Kolku pove}e ima{, tolku pove}e saka{. Cf. MUCH would have more. He that has PLENTY of good shall have more. Like MOTHER, like daughter. Kakva majka, takva }erka. (Ezekiel 16, 44 / Ezekiel 16, 44). Var. Po majkata }e ja poznaj{ i }erkata. (Kav. 2970). Kakva e lozata, takvo e grozjeto. (MNU 2691). Cf. A CHIP off the old block. Like FATHER, like son. The good MOTHER says not, Will you? but gives. Dobrata majka ne veli dali saka{; taa dava. MOTHER-IN-LAW and daughter-in-law are a tempest and hail storm. Te{tata i snaata se pekol vo ku}ata. If the MOUNTAIN will not come to Mahomet, Mahomet must go to the mountain. Ako planinata (bregot) ne dojde kaj Muhamed, Muhamed }e pojde kaj planinata. The MOUNTAINS have brought forth a mouse. Se zatresla gora, se rodilo gluv~e. A MOUSE in time may bite in two a cable. So vreme gluv~eto na dve go kine ja`eto. The MOUSE that has but one hole is quickly taken. Glu{ecot {to ima samo edna dupka, brgu go fa}a ma~kata. A close MOUTH catches no flies. Vo zatvorena usta ne vleguvaat muvi. Var. Into a shut mouth flies fly not. Pokrijan g'z nikoj ne go pquvat. (Kav. 2958). Pokrien g ... nikoj ne go plukat. (MNU 5107). Pokrieno mleko ma~ki ne go lokat. (MNU 5108). Pokrieno mleko muvite ne go pquvet. (MNU 5109). Pokrieno mleko ne go jadi peso. (MNU 5110). Ask MUCH to have a little. Pobaraj mnogu, da dobie{ malku. MUCH would have more. Koj ima mnogu, }e dobie (}e ima) u{te pove}e. Cf. The MORE you get, the more you want. He that has PLENTY of

 251 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

670.

671.

good shall have more. He who wants a MULE without a fault, must walk on foot. Koj saka maska bez mana, }e mora da odi pe{. Var. Koj vjat magare, }e mu go mirisat prde`ot. (Kav. 1536). Koj vjat magare, }e mu go slu{at rikaweto. (Kav. 1537). What MUST be, must be. [to }e bide, neka bide. Sim. Whatever happens, all happens as it should. Cf. No flying from FATE. The FATED will happen. He that is born to be HANGED shall be never drowned. N

672.

For want of a NAIL the shoe is lost; for want of a shoe the horse is lost; for want of a horse the rider is lost. Koj `aqat klinecot, (toj) }e zagubit plo~ata; (a) koj `aqat plo~ata, (toj) }e zagubit i kojnot.
(Koj gi {tedi malite, no nu`ni tro{oci, toj }e zagubi mnogu pove}e od niv, t.e. se' ona za koe se potrebni tie tro{oci.). (MNU 3019). Sim. Oft

673.

674. 675.

676.

677. 678. 679.

680.

times for sparing of a little cost a man has lost the large coat for the hood. One NAIL drives out another. Klin so klin se istervit. (Kav. 1453). ^ivija ~ivija iskaruva. (MNU 6726). Var. ^ivija ~ivija vade. (MNU 6727). Sim. One poison drives out another. Cf. One DEVIL drives out another. LIKE cures like. No NAKED man is sought after to be rifled. Ne se pla{it siromav od arami. (Kav. 2425). Cf. The BEGGAR may sing before the thief. A good NAME is better than riches. Dobro ime e podobro od golemo bogatstvo. (Proverbs 22, 1 / Poslovici 22, 1). Var. Poarno et da ima{ ime ~esno o{to mnogu strebro. (MNU 5033). A good name is better than gold. Sim. Good name is better than a good face. He that has an ill NAME is half hanged. Toj {to ima lo{o ime e blizu do besilkata. Var. Poarno o~ite da izlezat na ~oeka o{to lo{o ime. (MNU 5041). Poarno da ti izlezit edno oko, otkolku lo{ zbor (lo{o ime). (Kav. 2882). Sim. Ill deemed, half hanged. An ill wound is cured, not an ill name. Lo{ata pqaga (rana) zazdravjat, ama lo{jot zbor ne se zaborat. (Kav. 1869). NATURE does nothing in vain. Prirodata ne pravi ni{to bez pri~ina. NECESSITY has no law. Neoqa zakon ne gqat. (Kav. 2387). Var. Nu`da zakon menuva. NECESSITY is the mother of invention. Neoqata go u~it ~veka na se'. (Kav. 2390). Var. Neoqata najmnogu pomogvit. (Kav. 2392). Od nevolja baba molja. (MNU 4666). Sim. The belly teaches all arts. Hunger is the teacher of the arts. Cf. POVERTY is the mother of all arts. NEED makes the old wife trot. Od nu`da i starata baba potskoknuva.

 252 Bone Velikovski

681. 682.

683.

684.

685.

Var. Od zort i babata zaigrala. (Kav. 2634). Sim. Adversity makes strange bedfellows. Need makes the naked man run and sorrow makes websters spin. When NEED is highest, God's help is nighest. Koga e najpotrebno, toga{ Gospod pomaga. Sim. When the night's darkest, the dawn's nearest. A good NEIGHBOUR, a good morrow. Ako ima{ dobar sosed, }e ima{ dobro utro. Var. Ako mi e vesel kom{ijata, pobrgu }e si ja ispredam kadelkata. (MNU 92). Ako mi e vesel kom{ijata, pobrgu }e si ja svr{am rabotata. (MNU 93). Sim. All is well with him who is beloved of his neighbours. You must ask your neighbour if you shall live in peace. Cf. A near NEIGHBOUR is better than a far-dwelling kinsman. A near NEIGHBOUR is better than a far-dwelling kinsman. Podobar e sosedot vo blizina, otkolku bratot daleku. (Proverbs 27, 10 / Poslovici 27, 10). Var. Poarno prijateq blizu da ima{, odo{~o brat daleku. (Kav. 2910). Bli`nata 'r` e poarna od dale~nata p~ejnca. (Sakaj go pove}e bli`noto i vidlivoto, od kolku {to dale~noto i nevidenoto, makar i polo{o da e prvoto.). (MNU 527). Bliznata jar{ je poblaga od p~eincata. (MNU 528). Better is a neighbour that is near than a brother far off. Sim. All is well with him who is beloved of his neighbours. Cf. A good FRIEND is my nearest relation. A good NEIGHBOUR, a good morrow. Love thy NEIGHBOUR as thyself. Qubi go tvojot bli`en kako sebesi. (Leviticus 19, 18 / Levit 19, 18; Matthew 19, 19; 22, 39 / Matej 19, 19; 22, 39; Mark 12, 31,33 / Marko 12, 31,33; Romans 13, 9 / Rimjani 13, 9; Galatians 5, 14 / Galatjani 5, 14). Var. Gledaj sos kom{ijata da si aren. (MNU 1096). You must ask your NEIGHBOUR if you shall live in peace. Ne kupuj ku}a bez kom{ija. (MNU 4285). Var. Kupi si prvo kom{ija, (ta) setne ku}a. (@ivea~kata vo edna ku}a mo`e da ti bide prijatna ako sosedite se dobri lu|e. Zatoa, koga saka{ da kupi{ tu|a ku}a ili bilo kakov nedvi`en imot, potrudi se da se nau~i{ kakvi se sosedite na toj imot, pa posle re{avaj.). (MNU 3340).

686.

687.

688.

Look to thyself when thy NEIGHBOUR's house is on fire. Ako gorit ku}ata od kom{ijata, vardi ja i tvojata. (Kav. 17). Var. Gore li na kom{ijata ku}ata, tr~i da gase{ tvojata. (MNU 1181). Me~kata {to igrat u kom{iite, }e dojt da poigrat i doma ti. (Nesre}ata {to gi na{la drugite, ne }e zadocni da te najde i tebe.). (MNU 3731). He dwells far from NEIGHBOURS that is fain to praise himself. Toj {to samiot se fali, daleku `ivee od sosedite. Var. Koj se fali, sam se pali. In vain the NET is spread in the sight of any bird. Naprazno e da se optegnuva mre`a pred o~ite na site ptici. (Proverbs 1, 17 / Poslovici 1, 17).

 253 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

689. 690. 691.

692. 693. 694. 695. 696.

697. 698.

Everything NEW is fine. Se' {to e novo e ubavo. Sim. New things are fair. Bad NEWS has wings. Lo{ite vesti imaat krilja. Var. Bad news travels fast. Lo{ite vesti patuvaat brgu. Ill NEWS comes apace. Dobrata re~ oit na daleku, a lo{ata u{te ponadaleku. (MNU 1677). Var. Ill news comes unsent for. Cf. Bad NEWS has wings. Ill NEWS is too often true. Lo{ite vesti naj~esto se to~ni. NIGHT is the mother of counsel. Postaro e utroto od ve~erta. (Kav. 3003). Sim. To take counsel of (consult with) one's pillow. The NIGHT comes when no man can work. Doa|a no}, koga nikoj ne }e mo`e da raboti. (John 9, 4 / Jovan 9, 4). What is done by NIGHT appears by day. [to ste rekle vo temnina, }e se ~ue na videlina. (Luke 12, 3 / Luka 12, 3). He that has NOTHING needs fear to lose nothing. Koj nema ni{to, ne mo`e da izgubi ni{to. Var. Siromajot od jangan ne berit gajle, ~unki vetvata ruguzina ne mu gorit. (MNU 5783). Siromav od arami ne se pla{it. (Kav. 3345). Ne se pla{it siromav od arami. (Kav. 2425). Sim. You cannot lose what you never had. Cf. A man cannot GIVE what he hasn't got. Where nothing is, the KING must lose his right. NOTHING comes of nothing. Od ni{to ni{to nema. Var. From nothing nothing can come. Sim. Nought lay down, nought take up. NURTURE passes nature. Nu`da radi zakon izmewava. (MNU 4487). Cf. ART improves nature. O

699.

700.

701.

702.

An OAK is not felled at one stroke. So edno mavnuvawe drvo ne se se~it. (MNU 5878). Var. Od edno manuawe sekirata ne se~e. (MNU 4580). Sim. Many strokes fell great (tall) oaks. Cf. Rome was not built in a day. OAKS may fall when reeds stand the storm. Vo nevreme dabot mo`e da se otkorne, a trskata da ostane. Var. Trskana se vitkat sproti vetrot. (Kav. 3663). He that cannot OBEY cannot command. Koj ne znae da slu{a, ne mo`e da nareduva. Sim. He commands enough that obeys a wise man. No man can be a good ruler unless he has first been ruled. He that measures OIL shall anoint his fingers. Koj maslo meri, }e si gi izmasti prstite. Cf. He that has to do with what is FOUL never comes away clean. He that touches PITCH shall be defiled. Kalot ne go buri~kaj da ne ti smrdi. (Nedeq. str. 191). Koj kamewa u kal frla }e se isprska. (Nedeq. str. 191).

 254 Bone Velikovski

703. 704. 705. 706.

707.

708.

709. 710. 711.

712. 713. 714. 715.

716.

717.

Pouring OIL on the fire is not the way to quench it. So maslo ogin ne se gasne. Var. Ne turaj na ognot maslo. (MNU 4393). If you would not live to be OLD, you must be hanged when you are young. Ako ne saka{ da do~eka{ starost, obesi si dodeka si mlad. Never too OLD to learn. ^ovek nikoga{ ne e star za da nau~i. Cf. LIVE and learn. ^vek se u~it dur e `iv. (Kav. 3869). None so OLD that he hopes not for a year of life. Sekoj saka {to podolgo da `ivee. Var. Ovoj vek e mo{ne mil, ama smrten ~as da ne be{e bil. (MNU 4508). OLD men are twice children. Starite se dvapati deca. Var. ^vek dvap'ti se prajt doma{en izme}ar: koga e mal i koga }'ostarit. (Kav. 3850). Though OLD and wise, yet still advise. ^ovek kolku i da e star i mudar, sekoga{ ima ne{to novo da doznae. Var. ^oek se u~i duri da umri, i na se' ne }e se nau~it. (MNU 6775). ^vek se u~it dur e `iv i pak neu~en umirat. (Kav. 3870). ONE and none is all one. Eden kako nieden. Sim. One is no number. ONE does the scathe, and another has the scorn. Eden pravi, drug trga. Var. Drugi jajt slivi, drugi fa{~at oskomina. (Kav. 745). OPPORTUNITY makes the thief. Prilikata od ~esniot pravi ne~esen. Sim. Ease makes thief. The hole calls the thief. Cf. An open DOOR may tempt a saint. The back DOOR robs the house. OPPRESSION makes a wise man mad. Ugnetuvaweto gi pravi mudrite - bezumni. (Ecclesiastes 7, 7 / Propovednik 7, 7). An OUNCE of fortune is worth a pound of forecast. Pove}e sre}a od pamet. Var. An ounce of good fortune is worth a pound of discretion. An old OX makes a straight furrow. Ne u~i star vol da odi pravo vo brazda. Var. Starjot vol poarno orat. (Kav. 3511). An OX is taken by the horns, and a man by the tongue. ^vekot se vrzvit za j'zik, a volot za rogoj. (Kav. 3864). Var. Ajvanot se vrzvit so j'`e, a ~vek so zbor. (Kav. 4). Ajvanot se vrzvit so oglamnik, a ~vekot so j'zik. (Kav. 5). Sim. Words bind men. Take heed of an OX before; an ass behind, and a monk of all sides. Vardi se od krava ocpredi, a od m'ska odoyadi. (Kav. 296). Var. Vardi go (vrzi go) popot, za da e mirno seloto. (Kav. 291). Sim. Beware of the forepart of a woman, the hind part of a mule, and all sides of a priest. Muzzle not the OXEN's mouth. Ne zavrzuvaj mu ja ustata na volot koga vr{i. (Deuteronomy 25, 4 / Petta Mojseeva kniga - Vtorozakonie 25, 4). P

718.

No

PAINS,

no gains. Nema dobriwe bez trudewe. (MNU 4293). Var.

 255 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

Koj se trudit, (toj) ne gubit. (Trudot nikoga{ ne ostanuva nenagraden.). (MNU 3115). Trudot e imawe. (Kav. 3664). Koj }e se nam'~it, }e se nau~it. (Kav. 1681). Nothing to be got without pains. Bez maka nema nauka. (MNU 435). Sim. A horse that will not carry a saddle must have no oats. Cf. No SWEET without some sweat. He that will not WORK shall not eat. PAPER endures all. Hartijata trpi se'. Sim. Paper won't blush. Pens may blot, but they cannot blush. He that will enter into PARADISE must have a good key. Koj saka da vleze vo rajot, mora da ima dobar klu~. Var. Zlatniot klu~ rajski vrati otvora. Zlatoto e klu~ za site vrati. (P.D. 1120. PARDONING the bad is injuring the good. Koj mu prostuva na lo{iot, mu nanesuva nepravda na dobriot. Var. Koj krivjot go `aqat, na pravjot mu gre{it. (Kav. 1583). Koj lo{jot go `aqat, na arniot lo{o mu prajt. (Kav. 1588). Who pardons the bad, injures the good. Sim. He that helps the evil hurts the good. Mercy to the criminal may be cruelty to the people. The PARSON always christens his own child first. Najprvin Gospod sebe si si stvoril brada. The end of PASSION is the beginning of repentance. Koj brzo se `eni poleka se kae. PATIENCE is a remedy for every grief. Strplivosta e najdobar lek. Var. Patience is a plaster for all sores. Patience is the best remedy. PATIENCE is a virtue. Strplivosta e doblest. PATIENCE overcomes all things. So strplivost se' se postignuva. Var. Traj, du{o, za da najdi{ raj. (MNU 6266). Sim. Patient men win the day. From a bad PAYMASTER get what you can. Veresija, (e) potresija.
(Koj si ja prodava stokata na verba, }e dojde vreme, koga }e se trese za edna para, - ne }e ima niedna.). (MNU 736). Cf. Of ill DEBTORS men take

719. 720.

721.

722. 723. 724. 725. 726.

727.

728.

729.

730. 731.

oats. Veresija, potresija, daj so race, baraj so noze. (MNU 737). Veresija potrsija. (MNU 738). Veresija, resi ja. (MNU 739). He that would live in PEACE and rest, must hear, and see, and say the best. Koj saka da `ivee mirno, treba da slu{a, gleda i malku da ne zboruva. Sim. Wide ears and a short tongue. Hear and see and say nothing. Cf. HEAR much, speak little. The PEACOCK hath fair feathers, but foul feet. Paunot ima ubavo perje, no ludi noze. Var. Lud g... presna rana. (MNU 3553). Luda koza, presna rana. When the PEAR is ripe, it falls. Zrelata kru{a sama si pa|a. Do not throw PEARLS to swine. Ne frlajte gi svoite biseri pred sviwite. (Matthew 7, 6 / Matej 7, 6). Var. To cast pearls before swine.

 256 Bone Velikovski

732. 733.

734. 735.

736. 737.

738. 739.

740. 741.

742.

743. 744. 745.

746.

Na sviwa biser ne ni`i. (MNU 4104). Every PEDLAR praises his needles. Sekoja Ciganka svoeto sito si go fali. Let every PEDLAR carry his own burden. Sekoe magare svojot tovar si go nosit. (Kav. 3218). Var. Let every pedlar carry his own pack. Sekoja koza za svojata noga visi. A PENNY at a pinch is worth a pound. Parata vo nema{tina vredi kolku eden gro{. A PENNY saved is a penny gained. Za{tedena para e zarabotena para. Var. Od petla~iwa lira se prajt. (Kav. 2692). Se stori gro{ot zolata. (Kav. 3301). Sim. Sparing is the first gaining. In for a PENNY, in for a pound. Kade minuva edno, tamu minuvaat stotina. PENNY and penny laid up will be many. Kapka po kapka vir, denar po denar sto iljadi. Var. Od petla~iwa lira se prajt. (Kav. 2692). Cf. Many DROPS make a shower. MANY small make a great. PENNY wise and pound foolish. Sk'p na tricite, evtin na bra{noto. (Kav. 3362). Sim. Spare at the spigot, and let it out at the bung-hole. Who will not keep a PENNY, never shall have many. Koj ne stiska parata, ne }e ja dostiska i lirata. (MNU 3055). Var. Koj ne ja vardit parata, ne }e vardit ni gro{. (Kav. 1615). Sim. Take care of the pence, and the pounds will take care of themselves. He who has plenty of PEPPER will pepper his cabbage. Koj ima nogo piper i v zeleto toruve. (MNU 3024). PEPPER is black and hath a good smack. Kafeno je crno, ama begoj go pijeet (snegot je bel, ama ku~iwata go gazeet). (MNU 2873). Var. Spice is black, but it has a sweet smack. He that forecasts all PERILS will never sail the sea. Koj se pla{it od rap~iwa (~avki), ne sejt proso. (Kav. 1669). Var. Koj se boe od vrapcite, ne see proso. (MNU 3098). Ako se boe{e dedo od vrapcite, proso ne }e posee{e. (MNU 159). Ako se pla{e{e dedo od rap~iwa, ne }e posee{e proso. (Kav. 100). He that forecasts all perils will win no worship. Sim. He that will sail without danger must never come upon the main sea. He that is afraid of wounds must not come nigh a battle. He that fears leaves, let him not go into the wood. No PHYSICIAN like a true friend. Sekoj na sebe si e najdobar lekar. PHYSICIAN, heal thyself! Lekare, izle~i se sam! (Luke 4, 23 / Luka 4, 23). They that be whole need not a PHYSICIAN, but they that are sick. Na zdravite ne im treba lekar, tuku na bolnite! (Matthew 9, 12 / Matej 9, 12; Mark 2, 17 / Marko 2, 17; Luke 5, 31 / Luka 5, 31). PHYSICIANS' faults are covered with earth. Gre{kite na doktorot se pokrivaat so zemja. Sim. If the doctor cures, the sun sees it; but if he kills,

 257 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

747. 748. 749.

750. 751.

752.

753.

754.

755.

756.

757.

the earth hides it. Never buy a PIG in a poke. Ne kupuvaj ma~ka vo vre}a. We don't kill a PIG every day. Sekoj den ne se jade banica. When the PIG has had a belly full, it upsets the trough. Sviwata koga }e se najade, }e go prevrti koritoto. Var. Ko }e se najajt praseto, }e go prevrtit kopan~eto. (Kav. 1755). Cf. It is an ill BIRD that fouls its own nest. Lo{a e taa ptica {to se pogani vo svoeto gnezdo. When the PIG is proffered, hold up the poke. Koga }e ti dadat prase, ubavo dr`i ja vre}ata. He that will steal a PIN will steal a better thing. Koj }e ukrade igla, }e ukrade i ne{to pogolemo. Var. Koj ukradit jajce, }e ukradit i koko{ka. (Kav. 1688). Cf. He that will steal an EGG will steal an ox. Give the PIPER a penny to play and two pence to leave off. Dala baba edna para za da se hvatit na oroto; posle davala dve za da ja pu{~it, ama ne ja pu{~ale. (MNU 1392). He who digs a PIT for others falls in himself. Koj kopa jama, sam pa|a vo nea. (Proverbs 26, 27 / Poslovici 26, 27). Var. Koj kopa grob na drugogo, sam pa|a u nego. (MNU 3032). Koj kopat drugemu grob, sam (toj) padvit vo nego. (Zemena od Sv. Pismo: "Koj misli ili mu gotvi na drug zlo, sam }e si postrada od nego".). (MNU 3034). Ne kopaj grob drugemu, oti sam pa|a{ u nego. (Cep. 1972, II: 77). Iskopal grob za drugi, sam padnal vo nego. (Kav. 1256). Cf. To make a SNARE for another and fall into it oneself. Sim. Harm watch, harm catch. He that touches PITCH shall be defiled. Koj fa}a smola, }e se izlepi. (Ecclesiasticus 13, 1 / Sirah 13, 1). Cf. He that has to do with what is FOUL never comes away clean. He that measures OIL shall anoint his fingers. The PITCHER goes so often to the well that it is broken at last. Mnogupati odit stomnata na voda zdrava, ama edna{ den }e se okr{it. (MNU 3777). Var. Stomnata kataden ojt na voda, a eden den }e se skr{it. (Lo{ite slu~ai ne doa|aat sekoga{, no kako i da e, eden den mo`e i da dojdat.). (MNU 6049). Whether the PITCHER strikes the stone or the stone the pitcher, it is bad for the pitcher. Dali stomnata }e udri vo kamen, ili kamenot vo stomna, lo{o e za stomnata. Var. A so grneto po kamen, a so kamenot po grne - te{ko na grneto. (Kav. 184). Dojde kosa do kamena: ja kosata }e se skr{i, ja kameno }e se kr{it. (MNU 1726). There is no PLACE like home. Kako doma nigde nema. Var. Od svoja ku}a ni{~o pomilo i poubo nemat. (Kav. 2714). Poubo od doma nigde nemat. (Kav. 3010). Sim. East, west, home's best. Home is home, though it be never so homely. Cf. An ENGLISHMAN'S home is his castle. One's

 258 Bone Velikovski

758. 759.

760.

761.

762. 763. 764.

765. 766.

767. 768.

769. 770. 771.

772. 773.

774.

own HEARTH is gowd's worth. ^u`xina fali, sam ne odi (doma sedi). (Kav. 3913). Hand PLAY, churls' play. Komarot ku}a zapustuva. You can't PLEASE everyone. Ne se rodil toj {~o mo`it sekomu da mu pomo`it. (Kav. 2427). Sim. It is hard to please all parties. He that all men will please shall never find ease. He who pleased everybody died before he was born. He has need rise betimes that would please everybody. After PLEASURE comes pain. Po radost - neprijatnost. Sim. After your fling, watch for the sting. Cf. After JOY comes annoy. No PLEASURE without pain. No PLEASURE without pain. Nema radost bez neprijatnost. Var. No pleasure without repentance. Cf. After JOY comes annoy. After PLEASURE comes pain. Short PLEASURE, long pain. Eden den radost, iljada dni `alost. Sim. In war, hunting, and love men for one pleasure a thousand griefs prove. Who will in time present PLEASURE refrain, shall in time to come the more pleasure obtain. Koj tivko se raduva, dolgo mu trae. Stolen PLEASURES are sweetest. Kradenite zadovolstva se najslatki. Var. Kradenoto grozje e poslatko. Sim. Stolen pleasures are sweet. The apples on the other side of the wall are the sweetest. Cf. Forbidden FRUIT is sweet. The PLEASURES of the mighty are the tears of the poor. Radosta na bogatite e taga na siroma{nite. Var. Tears of the poor. He that has PLENTY of good shall have more. Koj ima mnogu, }e ima u{te pove}e. Cf. The MORE you get, the more you want. MUCH would have more. PLENTY brings pride. Bogatstvoto nosi gordost. PLOUGH deep, while sluggards sleep; and you shall have corn to sell and keep. Oraj dlaboko, dodeka mrzlivcite spijat; taka }e ima{ p~enka i za prodavawe i za sebe. The PLOUGH gets not well if the ploughman hold it not. Plugot ne stoi pravo, ako ora~ot ne go dr`i cvrsto. Standing POOLS gather filth. Netreben bunar smrdit. (Kav. 2452). A POOR man has no friends. Siroma{niot nema prijateli. Sim. Poor folk's friends soon misken them. Poverty parts fellowship. Prosperity makes friends, adversity tries them. Cf. In time of PROSPERITY friends will be plenty; in time of adversity not one amongst twenty. A POOR man wants some things, a covetous man all things. Siroma{niot bara bilo {to, a lakomiot se{to. A POOR man's tale cannot be heard. Siromaf koga zbori, nikoj pravo ne mu dava. (Nedeq. str. 187). Sim. The reasons of the poor weigh not. Giving much to the POOR doth enrich a man's store. Ako mu dava{ na

 259 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

775. 776.

777. 778. 779.

780.

781.

782. 783.

784.

785.

786. 787.

788.

siromaviot, sebesi si dava{. He is not POOR that has little, but he that desires much. Ne e siromav toj {to ima malku, tuku toj {to saka mnogu. He that hath pity upon the POOR lendeth unto the Lord. Na Gospod mu pozajmuva koj e milostiv kon bedniot. (Proverbs 19, 17 / Poslovici 19, 17). Var. Daj sadaka (milostina), na Gospoda zaem mu da{. (Kav. 622). POOR folks are glad of porridge. Siroma{niot e zadovolen i so leb i kromid. The POOR man is aye put to the worst. Slaboto ku~e sekoj go davi. (Nedeq. str. 187). The POOR man turns his cake and another comes and takes it away. Drug pase ovcite, a drug sobira rugata. (MNU 1807). Cf. One beats the BUSH and another catches the birds. Every POT has its cover. Sekoe grne i kapa~e. Var. Sekoe grne si saka svojata poklupka. (Sekoe ne{to si go bara svoeto ili sli~niot si go miluva sli~niot.). (MNU 5566). Koja stra~ka bez opa{ka, koja momi~ka bez mom~e. (Kav. 1511). Si imat kru{a opa{ka. (Kav. 3325). The earthen POT must keep clear of the brass kettle. Zemjenoto grne mora da stoi podaleku od bakarniot kotel. (Ecclesiasticus 13, 2 / Sirah 13, 2). POVERTY is no vice but an inconvenience. Siroma{tijata ne e porok, no nikoj ne ja saka. Sim. Poverty is no sin (crime). POVERTY is not a shame; but the being ashamed of it is. Siroma{~ijata ne e stram, tuku kradeweto. (Kav. 3353). Var. Siroma{~ijata ne e grev. (Kav. 3352). Sim. Poverty is no disgrace. POVERTY is the mother of all arts. Siromav ~ovek - `iv |avol. (P.D. 3233). Var. Siroma{~ija(ta e) usilna. (MNU 5790). Sim. The belly teaches all arts. Hunger is the teacher of all arts. Cf. NECESSITY is the mother of invention. When POVERTY comes in at the door, love flies out of the window. Koga siroma{tijata }e dojde na vrata, qubovta izleguva niz prozorec. Sim. Love lasts as long as money endures. PRACTICE makes perfect. So kovawe se stanuva kova~. Sim. Use makes mastery. A man's PRAISE in his own mouth stinks. Falba e 'r|a. (MNU 6600). Var. Falbata e krasta. (Samofaleweto e golem nedostatok, svojstven samo na nedostojnite.). (MNU 6601). Cf. He that PRAISES himself spatters himself. SELF-PRAISE is no recommendation. Koj se fali, sam se pali. PRAISE no man till he is dead. ^ovekot se fali otkako }e umre.

 260 Bone Velikovski

789. 790.

791. 792.

793. 794.

795. 796. 797. 798. 799.

800. 801.

802.

Pred smrtta ne ka`uvaj za nikogo deka e sre}en, za{to duri na svojot kraj }e se vidi kakov bil ~ovekot. (Ecclesiasticus 11, 28 / Sirah 11, 28). Cf. Call no man HAPPY till he dies. PRAISE to the face is open disgrace. Koj sam se fali, sam se pali. He that PRAISES himself spatters himself. Neka te fali drug, a ne tvojata usta. (Proverbs 27, 2 / Poslovici 27, 2). Var. Koj sam se fali, sam se srami. Cf. A man's PRAISE in his own mouth stinks. SELF-PRAISE is no recommendation. He that would learn to PRAY, let him go to sea. Koj saka da se nau~i da se krsti i moli, pratete go na more. The PRAYERS of the wicked won't prevail. Molitvite na lo{iot ~ovek nema da bidat usli{eni. Cf. The BRAYING of an ass does not reach heaven. PRETTINESS dies first. Ubavinata brgu minuva. Sim. Beauty is but a blossom. Cf. BEAUTY fades like a flower. PRIDE goes before a fall. Gordosta vrvi pred gibelta, i visokoumnosta pred pa|aweto. (Proverbs 16, 18 / Poslovici 16, 18). Sim. Pride never left his master without a fall. PRIDE goes before, and shame follows. Gordosta odi napred, a sramot po nea. PROCRASTINATION is the thief of time. Odlo`uvaweto e kradewe vreme. Cf. TOMORROW never comes. PROMISE is debt. Fetenoto e borx. (Kav. 3809). Great PROMISES and small performances. Koj mnogu vetuva, malku ispolnuva. Sim. He promises mountains and performs molehills. He that PROMISES too much means nothing. Koj mnogu vetuva, ne misli da stori. Var. Koj mnogu molitvit, ne mislit da vratit. (Kav. 1597). Koj mnogu blagodarit, ne mislit da platit. (Kav. 1598). Between PROMISING and performing a man may marry his daughter. Me|u vetuvaweto i ispolnuvaweto, mo`e da se oma`i }erkata. A PROPHET is not without honour save in his own country. Prorokot ne e bez ~est, osven vo svojata tatkovina i vo svojot dom. (Luke 4, 24 / Luka 4, 24; Matthew 13, 57 / Matej 13, 57; Mark 6, 4 / Marko 6, 4; John 4, 44 / Jovan 4, 44). Var. Nikoj ne e prorok vo svojata zemja. A prophet has no honour in his own country. Sekoj e potcenet vo tatkovinata, pa bilo da e toj i prorok. (P.D. 3167). Vo svojata {kolka, biserot e bezvreden. (P.D. 487). Pop od dale~na zemja, podobro ~ita molitva. (P.D. 2804). Beware of false PROPHETS. Pazete se od la`nite proroci. (Matthew 7, 15; 24, 11, 24 / Matej 7, 15; 24, 11, 24; Mark 13, 22 / Marko 13, 22; II Peter 2, 1 / II Petar 2, 1; I John 4, 1 / I Jovan 4, 1; Revelation 16, 13 / Otkrovenie 16, 13).

 261 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

803. 804.

805. 806.

807.

808.

809. 810. 811. 812. 813.

He who swells in PROSPERITY will shrink in adversity. Koj se due koga e bogat, }e splasne koga }e osiroma{i. In time of PROSPERITY friends will be plenty; in time of adversity not one amongst twenty. Koga si bogat ima{ mnogu prijateli, a koga }e osiroma{i{ nema da ti ostane nitu eden. Sim. Poverty parts fellowship. Prosperity makes friends, adversity tries them. Cf. A POOR man has no friends. PROSPERITY lets go the bridle. Blagosostojbata vodi kon rasipni{tvo. I PROUD and thou proud, who shall bear the ashes out? Jas gospodin, ti gospodin (ako sme), ami koj }e go turit `itoto v'ambar? (MNU 2605). Make ample PROVISION for old age. Zbiraj na mladost, da ima{ na starost. (P.D. 1054). Var. Rabotaj na mladost, kri za starost. (Kav. 3090). Sim. Keep something for him that rides on the white horse. Spare when you're young and spend when you're old. Cf. For AGE and want save while you may: no morning sun lasts a whole day. Keep SOMETHING for a rainy day. PROVISION in season makes a rich house. Ako se snabdi{ so se' na vreme, ti si bogat ~ovek. Var. Koj ima bra{no doma, siromav ne slagaj go. (MNU 3164). Better some of a PUDDING than none of a pie. Poarno suvi korki otkolku goli koski. Cf. SOMETHING is better than nothing. It is easier to PULL DOWN than to build. Lesno e da sru{i{, te{ko e da izgradi{. Var. Lesno e da rasipe{, te{ko e da napravi{. To the PURE all things are pure. Za ~istite se' e ~isto. (Titus 1, 15 / Tit 1, 15). He that has a full PURSE never wanted a friend. Na toj {to mu e polno }eseto ne mu trebaat prijateli. Cf. RICH folk have many friends. You cannot make a silk PURSE of a sow's ear. Od svinska ko`a mev (gajda) ne se prajt. (Kav. 2711). Sim. You cannot make a horn of a pig's tail. You cannot make a sieve of an ass's tail. Q

814. 815. 816.

Like QUESTION, like answer. Kakvo pra{awe, takov odgovor. He that nothing QUESTIONS, nothing learns. Koj ni{to ne pra{uva, ni{to ne nau~uva. QUIETNESS is a great treasure. Mol~eweto e zlato. Sim. Quietness is best. Cf. SILENCE is golden. R

 262 Bone Velikovski

817.

818. 819. 820. 821.

822. 823.

824.

825. 826.

827.

828. 829.

830. 831. 832. 833.

The RACE is not to the swift, nor the battle to the strong. Ne ja dobivaat trkata brzite; ni bojot hrabrite. (Ecclesiastes 9, 11 / Propovednik 9, 11). RAGE is without reason. Vo lutinata nema razum. RAIN before seven; fine before eleven. Najsilen e vetrot pred da tivnit. (Kav. 2145). RATS desert a sinking ship. Koga brodot tone, gluvcite prvi go napu{tat. Sim. Rats desert a falling house. He that takes the RAVEN for his guide will light on carrion. Koj ojt po bumbar, }e go odnesit na lepe{ka. (Kav. 1639). Var. Koj ojt po muva, }e go odnesit na lajno. (Kav. 1640). The RECEIVER is as bad as the thief. Toj {to prima se smeta za kradec isto kako onoj {to ukral. Sim. No receiver, no thief. Short RECKONINGS make long friends. Dobri prijateli, ama i dobri esapi treba da imaat. (MNU 1687). Var. ^ist esap, bratska qubov. (Kav. 3903). Even reckoning makes long friends. Every REED will not make a pipe. Od sekoja trska ne se pravi svirka. Var. Od sekoja vrba svirka ne biva. Od sekoe dreo svirka ne se prajt. (Kav. 2718). Sim. Every block will not make a Mercury. Where there are REEDS, there is water. Kade ima trska, tamu ima voda. The REMEDY may be worse than the disease. Lekot mo`e da bide polo{ od ranata. Sim. The doctor is often more to be feared than the disease. There is a REMEDY for everything but death. Za se' ima lek osven za smrtta. Var. Protiv smrtta nema lek. (P.D. 2914). Na sekoja boqka imat lek. (Kav. 2202). Sekoja boles si ima i lekot. (MNU 5580). Na sekoja boqka imat lek, a na stramot ni do vek (ni na toj vek). (Kav. 2203). Sim. A deadly disease neither physician nor physic can ease. There is no medicine against death. There is no REMEDY for fear. Nema lek za strav. Who REPAIRS not his gutter repairs his whole house. Koj nema da go popravi olukot, }e ja poprava celata ku}a. Sim. He that repairs not a part builds all. The tailor that makes not a knot loses a stitch. Cf. A STITCH in time saves nine. Podobro da se spre~i otkolku da se le~i. REPENTANCE comes too late. Po smrtta kaewe nemat. (Kav. 3000). As long as I am RICH reputed, with solemn voice I am saluted. Sekoj go fali bogatiot. Everyone is akin to the RICH man. Sekoj saka da se srodi so bogatiot. RICH folk have many friends. Bogatiot ima mnogu drugari. (Proverbs 14, 20; 19, 4 / Poslovici 14, 20; 19, 4). Var. Mnozina imam prijate-

 263 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

834. 835. 836. 837. 838. 839.

840. 841.

842.

843. 844. 845.

846. 847.

li, ama poe}e mi se ~a{a-dosti. (MNU 3788). Sim. The rich hath many friends. Cf. He that has a full PURSE never wanted a friend. Everyone is akin to the RICH man. RICH man may dine when he will, the poor man when he may. Bogatiot ru~a koga saka, a siroma{niot koga mo`e. RICHES bring care and fears. Bogatstvoto nosi gri`a i strav. Sim. Much coin, much care. RICHES have wings. Bogatstvoto ima krilja. (Proverbs 23, 5 / Poslovici 23, 5). All RIVERS run into the sea. Site reki te~at vo moreto. (Ecclesiastes 1, 7 / Propovednik 1, 7). To ROB Peter to pay Paul. Go soblekuva Sv. Petar da go oble~e Sv. Pavle. Spare the ROD and spoil the child. Koj go {tedi stapot, go rasipuva sinot. (Proverbs 13, 24 / Poslovici 13, 24; Ecclesiasticus 30, 1 / Sirah 30, 1). Var. Koj go {tedi stapot, go rasipuva sinot. (P.D. 1503). Sim. The man who has not been flogged is not educated. A pitiful mother makes a scabby daughter. Cf. Better CHILDREN weep than old men. ROME was not built in a day. Rim ne e izgraden za eden den. When in ROME, do as the Romans do. Koga si vo Rim, odnesuvaj se kako Rimjanite. Var. When you are at Rome, do as the Romans do. Sim. When you go through the country of the one-eyed, be one-eyed. Never mention ROPE in the house of a man who has been hanged. Vo ku}ata na obesen ne zborvi za j'`e (fortoma). (Kav. 370). Var. Name not a rope in the house of a man that was hanged himself. No ROSE without a thorn. Ni trendafiq bez trn, ni sevda (ni qubov) bez kavga. (Kav. 2550). The fairest ROSE at last is withered. I najubavata roza na krajot ovenuva. He that fights and RUNS away, may live to fight another day. Koj se bori i bega, mo`e da se spasi i povtorno da se bori. Var. Beganoa majka belo nosila, a Stojanova crno (nosila). (MNU 408). He that RUNS fast will not run long. Koj brgu bega, nema dolgo da bega. RUST eats up iron. 'R|ata go jade `elezoto. Var. Gajleto go jadi ~oeka, kako `elezoto 'r|ata. (MNU 1034). Cf. IRON not used soon rusts. S

848.

An empty SACK cannot stand upright. Prazno vre{~e prosto ne stojt. (Gladen ~ovek ne mo`e ni da raboti ni da `ivee.). (MNU 5215).

 264 Bone Velikovski

849.

850.

851. 852. 853.

854.

855. 856.

857. 858. 859. 860. 861.

862. 863.

864.

Var. Empty sacks will never stand upright. SADNESS and gladness succeed each other. Tagata i radosta odat raka pod raka. (Proverbs 14, 13 / Poslovici 14, 13). Var. Po radost - neprijatnost. Sim. After joy comes annoy. He that sings on Friday will weep on Sunday. Sorrow treads upon the heels of mirth. Cf. LAUGH before breakfast, you'll cry before supper. He came SAFE from the East Indies, and was drowned in the Thames. Go preplival moreto, se udajl na krajot. (Kav. 497). Var. Mnogu p'ti i najarniot pliva~ se davit. (Kav. 1983). I najarnijot pliva~ mojt da se udajt. (Kav. 1225). Easier SAID than done. Polesno e da se ka`e otkolku da se napravi. (P.D. 2783). No sooner SAID than done. U{te ne dore~e, se stori. Like SAINT, like offering. Sproti svetecot i sve}ata. (MNU 5998). Var. Sproti svetecot i praznikot. (MNU 5997). Sproti vera i ve~era. (MNU 5992). All are not SAINTS that go to church. Ne e sekoj kalu|er {to nosi raso i kamilavka. Sim. All are not merry that dance lightly. Cf. All are not HUNTERS that blow the horn. Do not offer SALT or brains. Sol i sovet se davaat samo koga se bara. Var. Help you to salt, help you to sorrow. SAYING and doing are two things. Od ka`uvawe do biduvawe e daleku kako od zemja do nebo. Var. Od re~eno do storeno, ko od nebo do zemi. (Kav. 2709). Cf. SAYING is one thing, and doing another. From WORD to deed is a great space. SAYING is one thing, and doing another. Zboruvawe e edno, a pravewe e drugo. Who SAYS A must say B. Ako ka`e{ edno, mora{ da ka`e{ i drugo. Var. You cannot say A without saying B. There is a SCORPION under every stone. Pod sekoj kamen ima ~krapja. Sim. Snake in the grass. SCRATCH where it itches. ]e se ~e{a{ kaj{to ne te jade. Var. I scratch (claw) where it itches not. Praise the SEA, but keep on land. Selo fali v grad sedi. (P.D. 3202). ^ekan fali, od kalem `ivej. (Kav. 3884). Sim. Praise the hill, but keep below. Everything is good in its SEASON. Se' vo svoe vreme. A SECRET is too little for one, enough for two, too much for three. Tajnata e premala za eden, dovolna za dvajca, premnogu za trojca. Sim. Three may keep counsel if two be away. Two may keep counsel if one be away. He that soweth good SEED shall reap good corn. [to }e se{, toa }e ti niknet. (GK, II, str. 180). Var. Ako si poseal, }e po`ne{. (GK, II,

 265 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

865.

866. 867.

868.

869.

870. 871.

872. 873. 874. 875.

876. 877.

str. 179). SEEING is believing; feeling is the naked truth. Poveruva, za{to Me vide. Bla`eni se koi ne videle, a poveruvale. (John 20, 29 / Jovan 20, 29). Var. Poj}e vervi im na o~ite, odo{~o na ustite. (Kav. 2946). Poarno et da si veruva{ tvoite o~i, odo{to tu|i re~oi. (MNU 5035). Cf. One EYEWITNESS is better than ten hear-so's. He that SEEKS finds. Koj bara, }e najde. (Matthew 7, 7-8 / Matej 7, 7-8; Luke 11, 10 / Luka 11, 10). Sim. The dog that trots finds a bone. SELF-PRAISE is no recommendation. Falbata e krasta. (Samofaleweto e golem nedostatok, svojstven samo na nedostojnite.). (MNU 6601). Cf. A man's PRAISE in his own mouth stinks. He that PRAISES himself spatters himself. He that has been bitten by a SERPENT is afraid of a rope. Koj e k'snat od zmija, (nemu) mu e strah i od gu{~erica. (MNU 3017). Sim. Once bitten, twice shy. Cf. A scalded CAT fears cold water. A burnt CHILD dreads the fire. A scalded DOG fears cold water. Whom a SERPENT has bitten, a lizard alarms. Be ye therefore wise as SERPENTS, and harmless as doves. Zatoa bidete mudri kako zmii i bezopasni kako gulabi. (Matthew 10, 16 / Matej 10, 16). Var. Itar kako zmijul~e, krotok kako gulap~e. (MNU 2535).^is kako gulab, iter kako |aol. (MNU 6733). So many SERVANTS, so many enemies. Kolku slugi, tolku neprijateli. He who has not seen SEVILLE has not seen a wonder. Koj ne ja videl Sevilja ne znae {to e ~udo. Var. Vidi go Neapol, pa umri! Kako Struga nema druga. (MNU 2794). Catch not at the SHADOW and lose the substance. Ne tr~aj po senkata, nikoga{ nema da ja stigne{. He is afraid of his own SHADOW. Se pla{i od svojata senka. All that SHAKES falls not. Se' {to se trese ne pa|a. Cf. Better BEND than break. He that makes himself a SHEEP shall be eaten by the wolf. Koj se ~init ovca (ili jagne, nego) go izedvit volkot. (MNU 3118). Var. Ako se stori{ ovca, sekoj }e te stri`e. (MNU 179). Cf. Make yourself all HONEY and the flies will devour you. Ako se stori{ med, i muite }e te jadat (ili }e te pquvaet). (MNU 178). Ako si mos', sekoj preku tebe }e vrvit. (GK, II, str. 179). One scabbed SHEEP will mar a whole flock. Edna krasta koza celo stado (cel buquk) }e go okrastajt. (Kav. 829). The lone SHEEP is in danger of the wolf. Koja ovca se delit od stadoto, (nea) ja izedvit volkot. (Koj se deli i otstranuva od op{testvoto
i od svoite drugari i saka da `ivee bez sekakava vrska so niv, toj nema da

 266 Bone Velikovski

vidi dobro.). (MNU 2986). Var. Koja koza (ovca) se delit od sta-

878. 879. 880. 881.

882. 883.

884. 885. 886. 887.

888. 889.

890.

891. 892. 893.

doto (buqukot), v'lci je jadet. (Kav. 1507). The lone man is in danger of the wolf. There are black SHEEP in every flock. Vo sekoe stado ima crna ovca. Where every hand fleeceth, the SHEEP goes naked. Ako sekoja raka stri`e{e, ovcite }e odea goli. A good SHEPHERD must fleece his sheep, not flay them. Dobriot ov~ar treba da gi stri`e svoite ovci, a ne da gi dere. A great SHIP asks deep waters. Golemite korabi vo golemi vodi plovat. Var. ^un po plitko ne ojt. (Kav. 3925). Golemata riba golema voda barat. (Kav. 476, 475). If my SHIRT knew my design I'd burn it. Ako mojata ko{ula znae {to }e pravam, }e ja zapalam. Var. If my skirt knew my design I'd burn it. Near is my SHIRT, but nearer is my skin. Blisku mi e ko{ulata, no poblisku mi e ko`ata. Sim. Near is my doublet (kirtle, petticoat), but nearer is my smock. Cf. Near is my COAT, but nearer is my shirt. Every SHOE fits not every foot. Sekoj ~evel ne e za sekoja noga. Everyone knows best where his own SHOE pinches. Sekoj sam si znajt kade go stiskat ~eolot. (MNU 5617). No one but the wearer knows where the SHOE pinches. Sekoj zn'jt ke go nabivjat (stegvit) opinokot (kondurot). (Kav. 3237). None more bare than the SHOEMAKER's wife and the smith's mare. U grn~ara novo grne ne sakaj. (P.D. 3723). Var. U g'n~ara grne nemat. (Kav. 3733). Better wear out SHOES than sheets. Podobro e da kine{ ~evli otkolku ~ar{afi. He that waits for dead men's SHOES may go long enough barefoot. Toj {to gi ~eka ~evlite na mrtovecot mo`e dolgo da odi bos. Var. It's ill waiting for dead men's shoes. Sim. He pulls with a long rope that waits for another's death. Out of SIGHT, out of mind. Podaleko od o~i, podaleko od srce. (Nedeq. str. 185). Var. Daleko od o~i, daleko od srce. (MNU 1396). Daleku od o~ite, daleku od srceto. (S.M.). Poblizu do o~ite, poblisku do srceto; podaleku od o~ite, podaleku od srceto. (Kav. 2922). ^ie lice gqame, to go celivame. (Kav. 3898). Sim. Far from eye, far from heart. Seldom seen, soon forgotten. Salt water and absence wash away love. Cf. Long ABSENT, soon forgotten. What the EYE doesn't see, the heart doesn't grieve over. The SIGN invites you in, but your money redeem you out. Napisot te tera da vleze{, no parite te zadr`uvaat nadvor. SILENCE does seldom harm. Mol~eweto retko {teti. Cf. More have repented SPEECH than silence. SILENCE is golden. Mal~eweto e zlato. (Kav. 1915). Cf. QUIETNESS is a

 267 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

894. 895. 896. 897. 898. 899.

900. 901. 902. 903. 904. 905.

906. 907. 908.

great treasure. SPEECH is silver, but silence is golden. SILENCE is often the best answer. Mol~eweto ~esto e najdobriot odgovor. Cf. SPEAK fitly, or be silent wisely. No WISDOM to silence. SILENCE means consent. Mol~eweto zna~i odobruvawe. Var. Silence gives consent. He that fights with SILVER arms is sure to overcome. Koj se bori so srebreno oru`je sigurno }e pobedi. Every SIN brings its punishment with it. Sekoj grev ja nosi svojata kazna so sebe. Sim. As a man sinneth, so is his punishment. Old SIN makes new shame. Stariot grev nosi nov sram. SLANDER leaves a score behind it. Zborot dupka ne otvorat, ama rana (pqaga) otvorat. (Kav. 1018). Sim. If the ball does not stick to the wall, it will at least leave a mark. SLEEP is the brother of death. Sonot e brat na smrtta. SLEEP is the image of death. Sonot e ogledalo na smrtta. SLOTH, like rust, consumes faster than labour wears. Mrzlivosta go jade ~ovekot kako 'r|ata `elezoto. The SLOTHFUL man is the beggar's brother. Mrzliviot e brat na pita~ot. Cf. IDLENESS is the key to poverty. SLOW but sure. Poleka no sigurno. Sim. Fair and softly goes far. Who goes SLOWLY goes far. Koj odi poleka, stignuva daleku. Var. Koj ojt popoleka, }e ftasat podaleku. (Kav. 1641). Sim. He that GOES softly goes safely. Soft pace GOES far. No SMOKE without fire. Nema ~ad bez ogin. Sim. No FIRE, no smoke. Deka nema ogin, tam nema i ~urqava. (MNU 1549). The SMOKE of a man's own house is better than the fire of another's. Poarno ~ad vo svoja ku}a otkolku ogin vo tu|a. Three things drive a man out of his house - SMOKE, rain and a scolding wife. Kakvi se kiselinata za zabite i dimot za o~ite, takov e mrzlivecot za onie {to go pra}aat. Bezumniot sin e nesre}a za svojot tatko, i `eninite prepirki se postojano prokisnuvawe. Pokrivot {to prokisnuva za vreme na poroen do`d i prepirliva `ena - edno isto se. (Proverbs 10, 26; 19, 13; 27, 15 / Poslovici 10, 26; 19, 13; 27, 15).

909. 910.

Var. [~o ne{~o e najlo{o na vekov? Tri raboti: ogan, voda i lo{a `ena. (MNU 6960). Sim. Dicing, drabbing and drinking bring men to destruction. Play, women, and wine undo men laughing. Cf. GAMING, women and wine, while they laugh, they make men pine. To nourish a SNAKE in one's bosom. ^uvat zmija v pazva. (Kav. 3911). Cf. Breed up a CROW and he will tear out your eyes. To make a SNARE for another and fall into it oneself. Narodite padnaa vo jamata, {to sami ja iskopaa; stapicata {to ja stavija tajno, ja fati nivnata noga. (Ecclesiasticus 27, 26 / Sirah 27, 26; Psalms 9, 15 /

 268 Bone Velikovski

911.

912.

913.

914. 915. 916.

917. 918.

919. 920. 921.

922. 923.

Psalmi 9, 15). Var. Iskopal grob za drugi, sam padnal vo nego. (Kav. 1256). Koj kopat drugemu grob, sam (toj) padvit vo nego. (MNU 3034). Cf. He who digs a PIT for others falls in himself. What SOBERNESS conceals, drunkenness reveals. [~o trezven mislit, to pijan zborvit. (Kav. 3996). Sim. He speaks in his drink what he thought in his drouth. Keep SOMETHING for a rainy day. Beli pari za crni dni. (Kav. 228). Var. Bela para za crnega dena. (GK II, str. 179). Rabotaj da jaj{, kri da ima{. (Kav. 3089). Lay up against a rainy day. Sim. Keep something for him that rides on the white horse. Spare when you're young and spend when you're old. Cf. For AGE and want save while you may: no morning sun lasts a whole day. Make ample PROVISION for old age. SOMETHING is better than nothing. Ne{~o e poarno (e poj}e) od ni{~o. (Kav. 2484). Var. Poarno ne{~o, otkolku ni{~o. (Kav. 2903). Sim. Half a loaf is better than no bread. Cf. Better some of a PUDDING than none of a pie. Marry your SON when you will, your daughter when you can. Sina `eni koga saka{, }erka m'`i koga moj{ (ko }e moj{). (Kav. 3337). SORROW for a husband is like a pain in the elbow, sharp and short. @aleweto za ma`ot e kako bolkata vo laktot: ostra i kratka. Small SORROWS speak; great ones are silent. Golemite bolki se nemi. Var. Little grieves are loud, great grieves are silent. Little cares speak, great ones are dumb. When SORROW is asleep, wake it not. Koga bolkata spie, ne treba da se budi. As you SOW, so you reap. [to ~ovekot }e posee, toa i }e `nee. (Galatians 6, 7 / Galatjani 6, 7). Var. [~o si poseal, toa i }e ti niknit. (Kakva rabota si rabotel, takov plod i }e dobie{; {to si im storil na drugite, dobro ili zlo, takvo i }e ti se vrati.). (MNU 6965). SOW thin and mow thin. Koj malku see, malku `nee. Forbear not SOWING because of birds. Koj se pla{it od rap~iwa (~avki), ne sejt proso. (Kav. 1669). One SOWS and another reaps. Eden see, a drug `nee! (John 4, 37 / Jovan 4, 37). Var. Drug pase ovcite, a drug sobira rugata. (MNU 1807). Drug pasit ovcite, (a) drug berit rugata. (Drug rabotel, a drug se polzuva od negoviot trud.). (MNU 1808). Drug sadi drvoto, drug jadi plodo. (MNU 1810). Sim. Little dogs start the hare, the great get her. Cf. One beats the BUSH and another catches the birds. Better SPARE at brim than at bottom. Po~ni da {tedi{ odozgora, a ne odozdola. SPARE well and have well. Koj {tedi, }e ima. Var. Ikonomijata e du{man na siroma{tijata. (Kav. 1187). Ikonomijata e majka na

 269 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

924.

925.

926. 927.

928. 929. 930.

931. 932.

933.

934.

bogatsvoto. (Kav. 1188). Of a small SPARK a great fire. Od mala iskra, golem ogon. (Ecclesiasticus 11, 32 / Sirah 11, 34; Od mala iskra, mo`e da izgori golema {uma. James 3, 5 / Jakov 3, 5). Var. Od edna iskra golem ogon bidua. (MNU 4573). Od iskra plamen. (MNU 4607). Od iskra plamen se prajt. (Kav. 2640). Od iskra plamen, od plamen pepel. (MNU 4608). Sim. A little spark kindles a great fire. Cf. A little FIRE burns up a great deal of corn. SPEAK fitly, or be silent wisely. Zborot duri ne go preduma{ i pre`iva{ arno, ne zbori go pred sekogo. (MNU 2248). Sim. Be still, and have thy will. Cf. SILENCE is often the best answer. No WISDOM to silence. He that SPEAKS sows and he that holds his peace gathers. Koj zboruva see, a koj mol~i `nee. He that SPEAKS the thing he should not hears the thing he would not. Koj zboruva kakvoto saka, on slu{a kakvoto ne saka. (MNU 3020). Var. Toj {to zboruva {to saka, mora da slu{a i toa {to ne saka. (P.D. 3595). He who says what he likes shall hear what he does not like. More have repented SPEECH than silence. Mnogu se pokajale {to zboruvale otkolku da mol~ele. Cf. SILENCE does seldom harm. SPEECH is silver, but silence is golden. Zborveweto e strebro, a mal~eweto zlato. (Kav. 1009). Cf. SILENCE is golden. Who more than he is worth doth SPEND, he makes a rope his life to end. Koj pove}e tro{i otkolku {to treba, si go stega ja`eto okolu vratot. In SPENDING lies the advantage. Parite se za tro{ewe. Var. Parite {to se pe~alat, ako ne se arxat, {to biduat? (MNU 4929). The SPIRIT is willing, but the flesh is weak. Duhot e bodar, no teloto e slabo! (Matthew 26, 41 / Matej 26, 41; Mark 14, 38 / Marko 14, 38; John 6, 63 / Jovan 6, 63). Who SPITS against the wind, it falls in his face. Koj pluva sproti vetero, pluva na omjazo si. (MNU 3079). Koj pque na nagore, si pque na liceto. (MNU 3081). Var. Who spits against the heaven, it falls in his face. Sim. Evil that comes out of thy mouth flieth into thy bosom. Piss not against the wind. Cf. An ARROW shot upright falls on the shooter's head. You see the SPLINTER in your brother's eye, but not the beam in your own. Izvadi si prvo gredata {~o e vo o~ite tvoi, ta posle da vidi{ raskata, ({~o) e vo o~ite na drugite. (Zemena od Sv. pismo:
"Popravi si gi prvo svoite krupni gre{ki, za da ima{ setne pravo i da mo`e{ da gi izobli~uva{ drugite lu|e za malite nivni gre{ki i da im gi poprava{".). (MNU 2406).

935.

Throw out a

SPRAT

to catch a mackerel. Frli rip~e, (za) da naj{

 270 Bone Velikovski

936.

937.

938. 939.

940.

941. 942.

943. 944.

945.

(ili izvadi{) krap~e. (MNU 6631). Var. Throw out a sprat to catch a salmon (herring, whale). Bait a sprat to catch a herring. It is too late to shut the STABLE-DOOR after the horse has bolted. Docna e da se zatvora {talata otkako }e izbega kowot. Var. Deqmi mi cojsa kowot, sega i treva do kolena neka rastit ako sakat. (Kav. 690). Po Kra~un krastavici. (Nesvoevremeno.). (MNU 5106). It is too late to shut the stable-door when the steed is stolen. Cf. When a thing is done, ADVICE comes too late. When the HOUSE is burned down, you bring water. It is easy to be WISE after the event. It is the first STEP that is difficult. Prvite ~ekori se te{ki (najte{ki). (Kav. 3039). Sim. The greatest step is that out of doors. Cf. Every BEGINNING is hard. STEP after step the ladder is ascended. ^ekor po ~ekor }e se iska~i skalata. It is easy to find a STICK to beat a dog. Lesno e da se najde stap da se otepa pes. Var. Ako saka{ da go otepaat nekoj pes, re~i, oti e od bes. (MNU 156). Sim. A staff is quickly found to beat a dog. If you want a pretence to whip a dog, say that he ate the frying-pan. Cf. He that would hang his DOG gives out first that he is mad. STICKS and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me. Stapovite i kamewata mo`at da mi skr{at koskite, no zborovite nikoga{ nema da me povredat. Var. Vikaj me grne, samo ne kr{i me. (Imeto ne e ni{~o, ami ~vekot.). (Kav. 326). Sim. Hard words break no bones. Words may pass, but blows fall heavy. Call me cousin but cousin me not. Be STILL, and have thy will. Traj (za) da naj{ raj. (MNU 6265). Var. Ako trpi{, ko beg }e `ivej{. (Kav. 134). A STITCH in time saves nine. Edna zakrpa na vreme za{teduva devet podocna. Var. [~o da mu bara{ tragite (na kowo, poarno) broj mu 'i rebrata. (MNU 6945). Sim. He that repairs not a part, builds all. The tailor that makes not a knot loses a stitch. Cf. Who REPAIRS not his gutter, repairs his whole house. He has two STOMACHS to eat and one to work. Ima dva meva za jadewe, a eden za rabotewe. Var. Za jadewe - ma`i, za rabota - deca. A little STONE in the way overturns a great wain. I maloto kam~e mo`it kola da prevrtit. (Kav. 1197). Sim. Little strokes fell great oaks. Cf. A small LEAK will sink a great ship. A rolling STONE gathers no moss. Kamen {to se trkala, toj trava ne va}a. (MNU 2829). Var. Kamen {~o se trkaqat, nigde treva ne fa{~at. (Na kogo ne mu se bendisuva edno mesto za rabota, ami se
mesti od edno na drugo, toj nema da se namesti na cvrsta i postojana rabota i nema da napredne.). (MNU 2830).

946.

Who remove

STONES

bruise their fingers. Koj kr{i kamewa, toa go

 271 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

947. 948. 949. 950. 951. 952.

953. 954. 955.

956.

957. 958.

959. 960. 961.

povreduva. (Ecclesiastes 10, 9 / Propovednik 10, 9). Cf. He that handles THORNS shall prick his fingers. Between two STOOLS one falls to the ground. Koj sede na dva stola, lesno pa|a. (MNU 3102). After a STORM comes a calm. Po nevreme sonce izgreva. Cf. After black CLOUDS, clear weather. The sharper the STORM, the sooner it's over. Najsilen e vetrot pred da tivnit. (Kav. 2145). Cross the STREAM where it is ebbest. Pomini go potokot kade{to e najplitko. Sim. No safe wading in an unknown water. He STRUCK at Tib, but down fell Tom. Ne za kogo e pe~eno, ami za kogo e re~eno. (Kav. 2306). Nothing succeeds like SUCCESS. Ni{to ne uspeva kako ({to uspeva) uspehot. Sim. Luck goes in cycles. Money begets money. I petlite mu (ti, vi, im, je) noset. (Kav. 1244). I na{ite petli crveni jajca noset. (Kav. 1228). I nego go ogrjalo s'nce. (Kav. 1229). SUFFER and expect. Traj, du{o, za da najdi{ raj. (MNU 6267). Although the SUN shines, leave not thy cloak at home. Iako sonceto gree, ne ja ostavaj guwata doma. Never let the SUN go down on your anger. Sonceto da ne zajde vo va{iot gnev. (Ephesians 4, 26 / Efesjani 4, 26). Var. Let not the sun go down upon your wrath. The SUN does not shine on both sides of the hedge at once. Sonceto ne gree istovremeno od dvete strani na ogradata. Var. Ba{tavanxijata saka drugo [do`d], a kirimit~ijata - drugo [sonce]. (MNU 400). The SUN shines upon all alike. Sonceto nad site isto izgreva. (Matthew 5, 45 / Matej 5, 45). There is nothing new under the SUN. Nema ni{to novo pod sonceto. (Ecclesiastes 1, 9 / Propovednik 1, 9). Var. Nothing new under the sun. Pod Sonceto ni{to ne e sovr{eno. (P.D. 2743). Where the SUN enters, the doctor does not. Kade sonceto vleguva, doktorot ne doa|a. He that is SURETY for a stranger shall smart for it. Mnogu lo{o pominuva koj em~i za drug. (Proverbs 11, 15 / Poslovici 11, 15). One SWALLOW does not make a summer. Edna lastojca ne prajt prolet. (Kav. 830). Var. So edna lastojca prolet ne idit. (MNU 5873). So edna lasto'ica ne idet leto. (MNU 5872). So edno pile prolet ne biduat. (MNU 5879). So edna ovca ba~ilo ne biduat. (MNU 5874). So eden direk ku}a ne se krepit. (MNU 5871). Sos edin kamen ku}a ne se prave. (MNU 5947). Cf. One FLOWER makes no garland. So edno cve}e leto ne idit. (Samo eden ~ovek, kolku i da e

 272 Bone Velikovski

dostoen, ni{to ne mo`e da svr{i bez pomo{ta od drugi; ili op{testvo ne mo`e da se sostoi samo od eden ~ovek.). (MNU 5880). So

962. 963.

964.

965.

966.

967.

968.

969.

970.

edno drvo ba{~e ne se prajt. (MNU 5877). He that will SWEAR will lie. Toj {to se kolne mo`e i da izla`e. SWEEP before your own door. Sekoj da si metit pred porta. (MNU 5599). Var. Sekoj pred svojata ku}a metit. (Kav. 3243). Po~ni najprvin pred svojata ku}a. (P.D. 2833). Sim. If every man would sweep his own doorstep the city would soon be clean. Prvo is~isti si go svojot dvor, posle baraj od drugite. (P.D. 2868). He deserves not the SWEET that will not taste the sour. Koj ne probal gorko, ne znae {to e slatko. Sim. He knows best what GOOD is that has endured evil. No SWEET without some sweat. Bez pot nemat beri}et. (Kav. 220). Potta e beri}et (beri}etlija). (Kav. 3008). Var. Poten ru~eg sekoga{ e poblag. (Kav. 3006). So pot poblaga e ve~erata. (Kav. 3443). If you won't work, you shan't eat. Sim. No mill, no meal. A horse that will not carry the saddle must have no oats. Cf. No PAINS, no gains. He that will not WORK shall not eat. Bez rabota, bez leb; bez rabota, bez ~est. (Kav. 221). He is like a SWINE, he'll never do good while he lives. Skr`aviot i sviwata se dobri samo po nivnata smrt. Cf. A COVETOUS man does nothing that he should till he dies. All they that take the SWORD shall perish with the sword. Koi se fa}aat za no` od no` }e zaginat. (Matthew 26, 52 / Matej 26, 52; Revelation 13, 10 / Otkrovenie 13, 10). Cf. He who lives by the SWORD dies by the sword. He who lives by the SWORD dies by the sword. Koj `ivee od me~, od me~ umira. Var. He that strikes with the sword shall be stricken with the scabbard. Cf. All they that take the SWORD shall perish with the sword. It is ill putting a SWORD in a madman's hand. Ludo e da mu dade{ v raka me~ na ludiot. Var. Ne ka`vi mu ja na budalata kamarata so kamewa, za{~o }e ti ja skr{it glata. (Kav. 2316). Do not put a sword into your enemy's hands. It is ill putting a sword in a child's hand. They shall beat their SWORDS into ploughshares. ]e gi prekovaat me~evite vo plugovi. (Isaiah 2, 4 / Isaija 2, 4). T

971.

972.

Who depends upon another man's TABLE often dines late. Koj ~eka da jade na tu|a trpeza ~esto docna ve~era. Sim. He that waits upon another's trencher makes many a little dinner. Cf. He that is fed at another's HAND may stay long ere he be full. One "TAKE IT" is more worth than two "Thou shalt have it". Poarno

 273 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

973.

974.

975.

976. 977. 978.

979.

980. 981.

982.

983.

984.

e "na' ti otkolku "}e ti dadam". Sim. Better to have than wish. One today is worth two tomorrows. Always TAKING OUT of the meal-tub, and never putting in, soon comes to the bottom. Ako postojano zema{ od grneto, a nikoga{ ne stava{ vo nego, brgu }e se isprazni. A great TALKER is a great liar. Izobilstvoto zborovi ne biduva bez grev. (Proverbs 10, 19 / Poslovici 10, 19). Var. Koj zborit mnogu, mnogu gre{i. (GK, II, str. 181). Poj}e zborewe, poj}e gre{ewe. (GK, II, str. 181). Great talkers are great liars. Koj mnogu zboruva, mnogu la`e. The greatest TALKERS are the least doers. Lesno e da se zborvit, ama te{ko e da se rabotat. (Kav. 1841). Var. Lesno e da zborvi{, ama te{ko e da stori{ (da napraj{). (Kav. 1842). They brag most that can do least. Sim. Much bruit and little fruit. Great boast and little roast. Much cry and little wool. Cf. Great BRAGGERS, little doers. A long TONGUE is a sign of a short hand. Every man to his TASTE. Sekoj spored vkusot svoj. Sim. Everyone as they like best. Tastes differ. Cf. There is no ACCOUNTING for tastes. TEACHING others teacheth yourself. U~ej}i gi drugite, se u~ime samite. Var. One learns in teaching. A THIEF knows a thief as a wolf knows a wolf. Aramija od aramija ne se sramuva. (MNU 271). Var. Volk od volk ne se pla{it. (GK, II, str. 179). V'lk na v'lk ni v planina ne udirat. (Kav. 423). A THIEF passes for a gentleman when stealing has made him rich. Kradecot go smetaat za gospodin koga }e se zbogati od kradewe. Var. Aramija so skorni niz ~ar{ija odi. (MNU 274). Once a THIEF, always a thief. Edna{ kradec, sekoga{ kradec. Sim. Once a knave, and ever a knave. He that has done ill once will do it again. Save a THIEF from the gallows and he will help to hang you. Ako po{tedi{ kradec od besilka, toj }e pomogne da te obesat. Var. Save a thief from the gallows and he will hate you. Sim. Save a stranger from the sea, and he'll turn your enemy. Cf. Let an ill MAN lie in thy straw, and he looks to be thy heir. The THIEF does fear each bush an officer. Kradecot i od senkata se pla{i. Var. Aramijata i no}e gleda, ama i od senkata se pla{i. (MNU 277). Sim. A guilty CONSCIENCE feels continual fear. Little THIEVES are hanged, but great ones escape. Malite kratci gi besat, a golemite se spasuvaat. Var. Petty thieves are hanged, the great ones go free. Sim. Laws catch flies but let hornets go free. Good THINGS come to some when they are asleep. Ubavite ne{ta na nekoi im doa|aat duri i koga spijat. Cf. Whom GOD loves, his bitch brings forth pigs. Na edni lu|e i petlite mu nosat jajca. (MNU

 274 Bone Velikovski

985. 986. 987. 988.

989. 990. 991. 992. 993. 994.

995. 996.

997. 998. 999. 1000. 1001.

4005). I na{ite petli crveni jajca noset. (Kav. 1228). Na kom{ijata koko{kata po dve (ili pogolemi) jajca mu nosit. (MNU 4030). The best THINGS come in small packages. Najdobrite ne{ta doa|aat vo mali paketi. Var. Good things are wrapped up in small parcels. First THINK, and then speak. Dobro razmisli, pa ka`i. Var. Think first and speak afterwards. Cf. Think on the END before you begin. He that sows THISTLES shall reap prickles. Koj ~i~ki see, trwe }e `nee. Men cut large THONGS of other men's leather. Od tu|a ko`a pogolemi par~iwa se se~at. Sim. All men are free of other men's goods. Men are very generous with what costs them nothing. To cut large shives of another's loaf. He that goes barefoot must not plant THORNS. Koj odi bos, ne treba da sadi trwe. He that handles THORNS shall prick his fingers. Koj bere trwe, }e si gi izgrebe racete. Cf. Who remove STONES bruise their fingers. THOUGHT is free. Misleweto ne ~ini ni{to (e besplatno). Var. Thoughts be free from toll. Second THOUGHTS are best. Podobro e ubavo da razmisli{. Cf. It is easy to be WISE after the event. The THREAD breaks where it is weakest. Ke je kno~ko se }init. (Kav. 1408). Cf. The CHAIN is no stronger than its weakest link. Knotty TIMBER must have sharp wedges. Za zol trn, zla kopa~ka treba. Var. Zlo trn, zlo kopa~ka. (MNU 2357). Sim. A crabbed knot must have a crabbed wedge. He that has TIME and looks for time, loses time. Koj ima vreme, a bara vreme, gubi vreme. There is a TIME for everything. Se' ima svoe doba. (Ecclesiastes 3, 1 / Propovednik 3, 1). Var. Se' vo svoe vreme. (P.D. 3113). Se' si e so vreme. (P.D. 3121). Se' so vreme bi`xat. (Kav. 3300). Sim. Everything has its time. There is a TIME to be born, and a time to die. Vreme za ra|awe i vreme za umirawe. (Ecclesiastes 3, 2 / Propovednik 3, 2). There is a TIME to love, and a time to hate. Vreme za qubewe i vreme za mrazewe. (Ecclesiastes 3, 8 / Propovednik 3, 8). There is a TIME to speak, and a time to be silent. Vreme za mol~ewe i vreme za zboruvawe. (Ecclesiastes 3, 7 / Propovednik 3, 7). There is a TIME to weep, and a time to laugh. Vreme za pla~ewe i vreme za smeewe. (Ecclesiastes 3, 4 / Propovednik 3, 4). TIME and straw make medlars ripe. So vreme i j'guridata med se prajt (pekmez se prajt). (Kav. 3393). Cf. With TIME and art the leaf of the mulberry-tree becomes satin.

 275 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

1002. 1003. 1004. 1005. 1006. 1007. 1008. 1009.

1010. 1011. 1012.

1013. 1014. 1015.

1016. 1017. 1018.

1019.

TIME, as he grows old, teaches many lessons. Vremeto e najgolem u~itel. Var. Time shall teach thee all things. TIME cures all things. Vremeto se' le~it. (Kav. 408). Vremeto te~it, pqagi (rani) le~it. (Kav. 408). Sim. Time is a great healer. TIME devours all things. Vreme se' pravi i se' rasipuva. TIME discloses all things. So vreme se' }e se otkrie. (Matthew 10, 26 / Matej 10, 26; Mark 4, 22 / Marko 4, 22). Sim. Time will tell. TIME flies. Vremeto (si) leta. Var. Time flees away without delay. Time has wings. TIME is a file that wears and makes no noise. Vremeto bes{umno minuva. TIME is money. Vremeto e pari. TIME lost cannot be won again. Izgubenoto vreme nazad ne se vra}a. Sim. An occasion lost cannot be redeemed. Sekoja izgubena mo`nost, retko mo`e povtorno da se uka`e. TIME tries truth. So vreme vistinata izleguva na videlina. Sim. Time is the father of truth. Truth is time's daughter. TIME works wonders. Vremeto ~uda pravi. With TIME and art the leaf of the mulberry-tree becomes satin. Trpenieto od murenkov list (od list od murenka) prajt koprina. (Kav. 3658). Cf. TIME and straw make medlars ripe. Other TIMES, other manners. Drugi vremiwa, drugi obi~ai. Var. Drugo vreme, drugi um. (Kav. 747). TIMES change and we with them. Vremiwata se menuvaat, a nie so niv. Here TODAY and gone tomorrow. Deneska sme, utre ne sme. (Kav. 697). Var. Deneska ne' ima, utre ne' nema, }e zaginime kako parea. (MNU 1584). Today gold, tomorrow dust. Sim. Today a man, tomorrow none. I TODAY, you tomorrow. Denes mene, utre tebe. V~era mene, denes tebe. (Ecclesiasticus 38, 22 / Sirah 38, 24). Stuff TODAY and starve tomorrow. Denes krkaj, utre crkaj. Var. Deneska g'ltaj, utre xvakaj. (Kav. 696). Never put off till TOMORROW what you can do today. Ne ostavaj sega{nata rabota za utre. (MNU 4323). Var. Dene{nata rabota ne ja ostavaj za utre. ([to ima{ da svr{i{, svr{i go i ne go ostavaj za drugo vreme, za{to ne znae{ {to }e stane posle.). (MNU 1590). Sim. Work today, for you know not how much you may be hindered tomorrow. Koja rabota se ostat za posle, nikoga{ ne se bitisvit. (Kav. 1509). TOMORROW is another day. I utre imat den. (Kav. 1267). Sim. Never say die.

 276 Bone Velikovski

1020.

1021. 1022.

1023.

1024.

1025. 1026.

1027.

TOMORROW is another day. "Utre" nikoga{ nema da dojde. Cf. PROCRASTINATION is the thief of time. Var. Delays are dangerous. There's no time like the present. Ye know not what shall be on the TOMORROW. Vie koi ne znaete {to }e bide utre! (James 4, 14 / Jakov 4, 14). A honey TONGUE, a heart of gall. Na usta med i maslo, na srce pelin i zer. (Kav. 2237). Sim. He has honey in the mouth and the razor at the girdle. A long TONGUE is a sign of a short hand. Dolg jazik, kratka raka. Var. They brag most that can do least. Sim. Much bruit and little fruit. Great boast and little roast. Much cry and little wool. Cf. Great BRAGGERS, little doers. The greatest TALKERS are the least doers. The lame TONGUE gets nothing. Toj {to pita gladen ne ostanuat. (MNU 6243). Var. Duri ne zapla~it deteto, majka mu ne mu davat da cicat. (Ako ne posaka{ i ne pobara{ ne{to, ne mo`e{ ni da go dobie{.). (MNU 1848). Sim. He that cannot ask, cannot live. Dumb men get no land. The TONGUE ever turns to the aching tooth. Kaj {to go boli na ~oeka zabot, tamo mu oit jazikot. (MNU 2660). The TONGUE talks at the head's cost. Koj koj zboruva nevnimatelno, za glavata mu e. (Proverbs 13, 3; 21, 23 / Poslovici 13, 3; 21, 23). Var. Jazik kquka, glava puka. (MNU 2586). Biqbiqot od j'zikot si trgat. (Kav. 240). Slavej~eto od j'zikot si patit. (Kav. 3365). Jazik prait dobro, jazik prait lo{o. (MNU 2591). So umo ~oek gre{aa, so glaata si trga. (MNU 5980). So tvojata palica po tvojata glavica. (MNU 5971). So tvoj kamejna po tvoja glaa. (MNU 5972). Sim. A fool's tongue is long enough to cut his own throat. TONGUE breaks bone and herself has none. Mekiot jazik kr{i i koski. (Proverbs 25, 15 / Poslovici 25, 15). Mnozina padnale od me~, no ne tolku kako od jazikot. (Ecclesiasticus 28, 18 / Sirah 28, 18). Var. J'zikot koski nemat, (ama) koski kr{it. (Pu{taj}i go
jazikot na volja, t.e. ako zboruvame mnogu i besmisleno, mo`e da postradame i telesno, da ni' gi skr{at koskite.). (MNU 2636). J'zikot

1028. 1029.

1030. 1031. 1032.

se~it poostro od sabja. (Kav. 1323). Polo{o se~it zborot, odo{~o no`ot. (Kav. 2967). The tongue is not steel, yet it cuts. Foolish TONGUES talk by the dozen. Ludiot jazik se{to zboruva. You can have TOO MUCH of a good thing. Mnogu arno ne e arno. Sim. More than enough is too much. Too much breaks the bag. Cf. COVETOUSNESS breaks the bag. A handful of TRADE is a handful of gold. Zanaetot e zlaten. (Kav. 974). He that learns a TRADE has a purchase made. Zanaetot ku}a rani. TRADE is the mother of money. Zanaetot pari ~init. (P.D. 1044).

 277 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

1033. 1034.

1035. 1036.

1037. 1038. 1039. 1040. 1041.

1042.

1043.

1044. 1045. 1046. 1047. 1048. 1049.

1050.

Sim. A trade is better than service. Two of a TRADE seldom agree. Dvajca so ist zanaet retko se slo`uvaat. Sim. The herringman hates the fisherman. A man of many TRADES begs his bread on Sunday. Koj zn'jt mnogu zanaeti, bez ko{uqa ostanvit (bez ko{uqa ojt). (Kav. 1562). Var. Koj zafa{~at mnogu rabo}e niedna ne bitisvit. (Kav. 1557). Jack of all TRADES and master of none. Koj mnogu zanaeti raboti, na nieden majstor ne stanuva. A TRAVELLER may lie with authority. Koj mnogu patuval, mo`e mnogu da la`e. Sim. Old men (soldiers) and travellers may lie by authority. Long ways, long lies. He that TRAVELS far knows much. Koj daleku patuval mnogu znae. (Ecclesiasticus 34, 10 / Sirah 34, 10). TREACHERY will come home to the traitor. Na izmamnikot izmamata doma }e mu dojde. Where your TREASURE is, there will your heart be also. Kade e tvoeto bogatstvo, tamu }e bide i tvoeto srce. (Matthew 6, 21 / Matej 6, 21). Lay not up for yourselves TREASURES upon earth. Ne sobirajte si bogatstva na zemjata. (Matthew 6, 19 / Matej 6, 19). A good TREE cannot bring forth evil fruit. Ne mo`e dobro drvo da dava lo{i plodovi. (Matthew 7, 18 / Matej 7, 18). Sim. Good fruit of a good tree. A TREE is known by its fruit. Drvoto se poznava po plodot. (Matthew 7, 19; 12, 33 / Matej 7, 19; 12, 33). Var. Sekoe drvo se poznava po plodot. (P.D. 3154). In the place where the TREE falleth, there it shall be. Kade }e padne drvoto, tamu i ostanuva. (Ecclesiastes 11, 3 / Propovednik 11, 3). Var. As a tree falls, so shall it lie. It is only at the TREE loaded with fruit that people throw stones. Na drvoto {to ra|a lu|eto frlaat kamewa. Like TREE, like fruit. Kakvo drvo, takov plod. Var. Jabolknicata po jabolkoto se poznava. The highest TREE hath the greatest fall. Najvisokoto drvo najdaleku pa|a. Sim. The post of honour is the post of danger. When the TREE is fallen every one runs to it with his axe. Koga drvoto }e padne, sekoj tr~a kon nego so svojata sekira. He that seeks TROUBLE, never misses. Koj si ja bara beqata, }e si ja najde. Sim. Harm watch, harm catch. In TRUST is treason. Vo verbata e predavstvoto. Sim. Quick believers need broad shoulders. Distrust is the mother of safety. Trust is the mother of deceit. He who trusteth not is not deceived. Put not your TRUST in princes. Ne nadevajte se na knezovite. (Psalms

 278 Bone Velikovski

1051. 1052. 1053. 1054.

1055. 1056. 1057. 1058. 1059. 1060. 1061. 1062. 1063. 1064. 1065. 1066. 1067. 1068.

146, 3 / Psalmi 146, 3). Face to face, the TRUTH comes out. @imi o~i, pa u o~i. Nothing hurts like the TRUTH. Ni{to ne e pobolno od vistinata. There is TRUTH in wine. Vo vinoto e vistinata. Var. In wine there is truth. TRUTH and oil are ever above. Vistinata i masloto sekoga{ izleguvaat na povr{ina. Var. Pravinata sekoga{ izleguva na videlina. (P.D. 2844). Cf. TRUTH is mighty and will prevail. TRUTH will out. TRUTH finds foes, where it makes none. Vistinata nao|a neprijateli kade{to ne gi o~ekuva. TRUTH has a scratched face. Na vistinata i' e izgrebano liceto. Sim. Follow not truth too near the heels, lest it dash out thy teeth. TRUTH is mighty and will prevail. Vistinata e semo}na i }e nadvladee. Cf. TRUTH and oil are ever above. TRUTH will out. TRUTH may be blamed, but cannot be shamed. Vistinata mo`e da se napa|a, no ne mo`e da se posrami. TRUTH needs not many words. Na vistinata ne i' se potrebni mnogu zborovi. Sim. In many words the truth goes by. TRUTH will out. Vistinata }e izleze na povr{ina. Cf. TRUTH and oil are ever above. TRUTH is mighty and will prevail. All TRUTHS are not to be told. Sekoja vistina ne se ka`uva. The more you stir a TURD, the worse it stinks. Kalot ne go buri~kaj da ne ti smrdi. (Nedeq. str. 191). One good TURN deserves another. Dobro so dobro se vra}a. Cf. A good DEED is never lost. DO well and have well. One ill TURN deserves (asks, requires) another. Lo{oto lo{o donesuva. Best to bend while it is a TWIG. D'roto se vie dode e suroo. (MNU 1811). No man can do TWO things at once. Nikoj ne mo`e da vr{i dve raboti odedna{. TWO bigs will not go in one bag. Dve golemi ne vleguvaat vo edna vre}a. TWO sparrows on one ear of corn make an ill agreement. Dva petla na edno buni{~e ne pejet. (Kav. 669). U

1069. 1070.

Better UNBORN than untaught. Podobro neroden otkolku neu~en. UNION is strength. Vo edinstvoto e silata. Var. In union (concord) is strength. Sim. United we stand, divided we fall. V

 279 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

1071. 1072. 1073.

1074.

1075. 1076. 1077. 1078.

VANITY of vanities, all is vanity. Sueta nad suetite, se' e sueta! (Ecclesiastes 1, 2 / Propovednik 1, 2). The noblest VENGEANCE is to forgive. Najblagorodnata osveta e da prosti{. Sim. Pardons and pleasantness are great revenges of slanders. Empty VESSELS make the greatest sound. Praznite sadovi najsilno tropkaat. (P.D. 2850). Var. Prazna bo~va mnogu yve~it. (Kav. 3015). Praznata ~upka sekoga{ tropat (yve~it). (Kav. 3019). Var. Empty vessels make the most sound. The VINE brings forth three grapes: the first of pleasure, the second of drunkenness, the third of sorrow. Lozata dava tri grozda: prviot e zadovolstvoto, vtoriot pijanstvoto, tretiot kaeweto. Make a VIRTUE of necessity. Nu`da menuva zakon. Sim. To make the best of a bad job. VIRTUE is a jewel of great price. Dobrodetelta e skapocen kamen so visoka cena. VIRTUE is its own reward. Dobrodetelta e nagrada sama za sebe. The VOICE of the people, the voice of God. Glasot na narodot e glasot na Boga. (Daniel 10, 6 / Daniel 10, 6; Revelation 19, 6 / Otkrovenie 19, 6). W

1079.

1080. 1081. 1082. 1083.

1084. 1085. 1086. 1087. 1088.

All things come to those who WAIT. Koj ~eka, }e do~eka. Var. Koj zn'jt da ~ekat, }e do~ekat. (Kav. 1561). Everything comes to him who waits. A white WALL is a fool's paper. Beliot yid e hartija za budaliot. WALLS have ears. Yidoite imat u{i. (GK, II, str. 180). Cf. FIELDS have eyes, and woods have ears. WAR is death's feast. Vojnata e pir na smrtta. Good WARE makes quick markets. Ubata stoka sama se prodat. (Kav. 3730). Var. Arnata stoka sama se prodava. (MNU 304). Arnata stoka seki pat si ~ini parata. (MNU 305). Good WATCH prevents misfortune. Podobro da se spre~i otkolku da se le~i. Dirty WATER will quench fire. I ne~istata voda gasi po`ar. (Ecclesiasticus 3, 30 / Sirah 3, 29). Foul WATER as soon as fair will quench hot fire. Lo{ata voda isto kako i dobrata }e go izgasi besniot po`ar. WATER afar off quenches not fire. Dale~nata voda ne gasi po`ar. We never know the worth of WATER till the well is dry. Ne ja znaeme vrednosta na vodata se' dodeka ne presu{i bunarot. Var. You never

 280 Bone Velikovski

1089.

1090.

1091.

1092.

1093. 1094. 1095. 1096. 1097. 1098.

1099. 1100. 1101. 1102. 1103.

miss the water till the well runs dry. Cf. The COW knows not what her tail is worth till she hath lost it. A GOOD thing lost is a good thing valued. Still WATERS run deep. Tivkata voda e dlaboka. Var. Boj se od tia voda. (MNU 584). Vo tivka voda povisoko krevaj 'i polite. (Kav. 395). Sim. Take heed of still waters, the quick pass away. God defend me from the still water, and I'll keep myself from the rough. Stolen WATERS are sweet. Kradenata voda e slatka. (Proverbs 9, 17 / Poslovici 9, 17). Var. ^u`x komad poblag e. (Kav. 3918). ^u`xoto vino poslatko e. (MNU 6791). ^u`xiot maznik potu~en e. (MNU 6788). Stolen pleasures are sweet. Cf. Forbidden FRUIT is sweet. The longest WAY round is the shortest way home. Obikolniot pat e najkratkiot pat do doma. Var. Ako oj{ po dale~nijot p't, porano }e ftasa{. (Kav. 83). The greatest WEALTH is contentment with a little. Najgolemoto bogatstvo e da se zadovoli{ so malku. Sim. He hath enough who is contented with little. Content is more than a kingdom. He is rich enough that wants nothing. In fair WEATHER prepare for foul. Koga e ubavo vremeto, podgotvi se za lo{o. Ill WEEDS grow apace. Korovot rasne nasekade. Ill WEEDS wax well. Korovot najbrgu rasne. All's WELL that ends well. Se' e dobro {to dobro }e zavr{i. Never be weary of WELL doing. Da ne bideme umorni da pravime dobro. (Galatians 6, 9 / Galatjani 6, 9). The worst WHEEL of a cart creaks most. Najlo{oto trkalo na kolata najmnogu krcka. Var. Krckat (~krtat) kako kolce (oska) bez katran. (Kav. 1777). The worst wheel of a cart makes most noise. He who greases his WHEELS helps his oxen. Koj gi podma~kuva kolcata im pomaga na volovite. Every WHITE hath its black, and every sweet its sour. Sekoe belo ima svoe crno, i sekoe slatko ima svoe gorko. Every WHY has its wherefore. Sekoe za{to ima svoe zatoa. A fair WIFE and a frontier castle breed quarrels. Ubavata `ena i pograni~nata tvrdina sekoga{ predizvikuvaat raspravii. A good WIFE's a goodly prize, saith Solomon the wise. Dobrodetelnata `ena e venec na svojot ma`, re~e mudriot Solomon. Koj na{ol dobra `ena, ja na{ol sre}ata i dobil milost od Gospoda. Koj }e najde dobrodetelna `ena? Taa vredi pove}e od biseri. (Proverbs 12, 4; 18, 22; 31,

1104. 1105.

10 / Poslovici 12, 4; 18, 22; 31, 10). Refuse a WIFE with one fault, and take one with two. Ako ne zeme{ `ena so edna gre{ka, }e zeme{ druga so dve. The cunning WIFE makes her husband her apron. Na lukavata `ena

 281 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

1106. 1107.

1108. 1109. 1110.

1111. 1112. 1113. 1114. 1115. 1116.

1117.

1118. 1119. 1120.

1121.

1122.

ma`ot i' e prestilka. He that WILL not when he may, when he will he shall have nay. Koj ne saka koga mo`e, a koga }e saka ne }e mo`e. Where there's a WILL, there's a way. Ako ima volja, }e se najde i na~in. Sim. A willful man will have his way. Cf. Nothing is impossible to a willing HEART. Where your WILL is ready, your feet are light. Ako tvojata volja e spremna, nozete }e ti bidat lesni. Blow the WIND never so fast, it will fall at last. Kolku i da e silen vetrot, najposle }e stivne. Come with the WIND, go with the water. Doneseno so vetrot, odneseno so vodata. Sim. Light come, light go. Cf. EASY come, easy go. LIGHTLY gained, quickly lost. They that sow the WIND shall reap the whirlwind. Poseaja veter, i }e po`neat bura. (Hosea 8, 7 / Osija 8, 7). Good WINE needs no bush. Dobroto vino samo se fali. The best WINE is that a body drinks of another man's cost. Najdobroto vino e ona za koe drug pla}a. When the WINE is in, the wit is out. Koga vinoto }e se ispie, pametta se gubi. WINE is a turncoat. Vinoto e vrtikapa. Var. Prijateli po ~a{a ne se ve~ni prijateli. Wine is a turncoat, first a friend, then an enemy. WINE makes glad the heart of man. Vinoto go razveseluva ~ove~koto srce. (Psalms 104, 15 / Psalmi 104, 15). ]e im se raduva srceto kako od vino. (Zechariah 10, 7 / Zaharija 10, 7). Vinoto go razveseluva `ivotot. (Ecclesiastes 10, 19 / Propovednik 10, 19). He covers me with his WINGS, and bites me with his bill. So la`icata me rani, so ra~kata mi kopa o~i. Var. So l'`ica srka, (a) so opa{kata o~ite mu izva`da. (MNU 5903). A fair day in WINTER is the mother of a storm. Ubaviot den vo zima e majka na nevremeto. Learn WISDOM by the follies of others. U~i se na mudrost od ludosta na drugite. No WISDOM to silence. Nema pogolema mudrost od mol~eweto. (Ecclesiasticus 20, 5-6 / Sirah 20, 5-6). Cf. SILENCE is often the best answer. SPEAK fitly, or be silent wisely. A WISE head makes a close mouth. WISDOM is better than strength. Podobra e mudrosta otkolku ja~inata. (Ecclesiastes 9, 16 / Propovednik 9, 16; Proverbs 24, 5 / Poslovici 24, 5). A WISE head makes a close mouth. Mudriot ja dr`i zatvorena ustata. Var. Umniot trae i pravi. Cf. SILENCE is often the best answer. SPEAK fitly, or be silent wisely. No WISDOM to silence.

 282 Bone Velikovski

1123. 1124.

1125.

1126.

1127.

1128. 1129. 1130. 1131.

1132.

1133.

1134. 1135.

He is WISE that is rich. Bogatiot ~ovek se smeta za mudar sebesi. (Proverbs 28, 11 / Poslovici 28, 11). It is easy to be WISE after the event. Lesno e da si mudar po nastanot. Cf. When a thing is done, ADVICE comes too late. When the HOUSE is burned down, you bring water. It is too late to shut the STABLE-DOOR after the horse has bolted. No man is WISE at all times. Nikoj ne mo`e sekoga{ da bide mudar. Cf. Every man is a FOOL sometimes and none at all times. Every man is MAD on some point. WISE men have their mouth in their heart, fools their heart in their mouth. Na mudrite ustata im e vo srceto, a na ludite srceto im e vo ustata. (Ecclesiasticus 21, 26 / Sirah 21, 28). WISE men learn by other men's harms; fools, by their own. Mudrite se u~at na tu|ite gre{ki; ludite na svoite. Sim. It is good to beware by other men's harms. It is good to learn at other men's cost. He is happy whom other men's perils make wary. Cf. LEARN wisdom by the follies of others. A WOLF in sheep's clothing. Volk vo ov~a ko`a. (Matthew 7, 15 / Matej 7, 15). It never troubles a WOLF how many the sheep be. Volkot ne vodi smetka kolku ovci ima. Talk of the WOLF, and his tail appears. Nie za volkot, a volkot zad vrata. Cf. Talk of the DEVIL, and he is bound to appear. The WOLF may lose his teeth, but never his nature. Volko dlakata ja menuat, ama }udta ne ja menuat. (MNU 890). Var. V'lkot vlaknoto go menvit, ama u}ot (tabietot) ne go menvit. (Kav. 421). Volko ovca ne se ~init. (Od lo{ ~ovek nikoga{ ne izleguva aren.). (MNU 901). Volko sekoa{ ra|a vol~iwa, a ne jagniwa. (MNU 896). Cf. The FOX may grow gray, but never good. The WOLF preys farthest from his home. Volkot vo atarot ne davi. Var. Volko na sinoro ne davi. (MNU 895). Sim. The fox preys farthest from his home (den). To set the WOLF to keep the sheep. Da go ostavite volkot da gi ~uva ovcite. (Matthew 10, 16 / Matej 10, 16). Var. Volkot go klale da (gi) vardit ovcite. (Postavile da ja ~uva ti{inata i spokojstvoto ~ovek po priroda nemiren i zlostornik.). (MNU 898). Volko ako go klai{ da ti pasi ovci, toj site }e ti 'i izdavi. (MNU 884). 'I ostajle me~kite da 'i vardet drenkite. (Kav. 1241). You give the wolf the wether to keep. Sim. He sets the FOX to keep his geese. Who keeps company with the WOLF will learn to howl. Koj se dru`i so volci, }e nau~i da zaviva. Var. One must howl with the wolves. A bad WOMAN is worse than a bad man. Lo{ata `ena e polo{a od lo{iot ma`.

 283 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

1136. 1137.

1138. 1139.

1140.

1141. 1142.

1143. 1144.

1145. 1146. 1147.

1148.

1149. 1150.

1151. 1152.

A fair WOMAN without virtue is like palled wine. Ubavata `ena bez doblest e kako izvetreano vino. A WOMAN, a dog, and a walnut tree, the more you beat them the better they are. @ena netepana i motika neklepana ne biva. Var. A spaniel, a woman, and a walnut-tree, the more they're beaten the better they are. Dally not with WOMEN or money. Da si nema{ rabota so `eni i so pari. Never choose your WOMEN or your linen by candlelight. @ena i obleka ne se biraat na sve}a. Var. Choose neither a woman nor linen by the candle-light. Three WOMEN and a goose make a market. Tri `eni i edna guska cel pazar. Sim. Many women, many words; many geese, many turds. Where there are women and geese, there wants no noise. When an ass climbs a ladder, we may find wisdom in WOMEN. Magare na skala i mudra `ena, ne mo`e da bide. WOMEN are as changeable as the wind. @enite se promenlivi kako vetrot (vremeto). Var. Women are as wavering as the wind. Sim. A woman is a weathercock. A woman's mind and winter wind change oft. WOMEN are the devil's nets. @enata e od opa{kata na |avolot. He cannot see the WOOD for the trees. Ne mo`e da ja vidi {umata od drvoto. Var. You cannot see the wood for the trees. Sim. You cannot see the city for the houses. Like WOOD, like arrow. Kakvo drvce, takvo svir~e. Better give the WOOL than the sheep. Poarno neka otide volnata otkolku ovcata. A WORD and a stone let go cannot be called back. Zbor {to }e se ka`e i kamen {to }e se frli, nazad ne se vra}aat. Sim. A word spoken is past recalling. Words have wings and cannot be recalled. A WORD to a wise man is enough. Na pametniot i eden zbor mu e dosta. Sim. Half a word is enough for a wise man. Cf. Few WORDS to the wise suffice. An honest man's WORD is as good as his bond. ^esta na ~ovekot vredi kolku {to vredi negoviot zbor. From WORD to deed is a great space. Mnozina znaat da zboruvaat, a malcina znaat da rabotat. Var. Dolg e patot od zborot do deloto. Cf. SAYING and doing are two things. SAYING is one thing, and doing another. Many a true WORD is spoken in jest. Vo {egata ima mnogu vistina. Var. Vo {egata ima polovina vistina. Fair WORDS fill not the belly. So ubavi zborovi ne se polnat xepovi. Var. Od zboroj popara ne se prajt. (Kav. 2632). Cf. Good WORDS fill not a sack.

 284 Bone Velikovski

1153. 1154.

1155. 1156. 1157. 1158.

1159.

1160.

1161. 1162.

1163. 1164.

1165.

Fair WORDS hurt not the mouth. Od ubavi zborovi nema da ti padne ustata. Cf. Fair WORDS break no bones. Few WORDS to the wise suffice. Na pametniot i eden zbor mu e dosta. Var. Za razbranjot i ajpida da zbr~it, dosta e. (Kav. 990). Za nerazbranjot i t'pan da bijet ne e dosta. (Kav. 980). Cf. A WORD to a wise man is enough. Fine WORDS butter no parsnips. Ubavite zborovi ne se ma~kaat na leb. Var. So ubavi zborovi ne se polnat xepovi. Good WORDS anoint us, and ill do unjoint us. Dobrite zborovi gi stavaat me~ovite vo kanii. Good WORDS cool more than cold water. Dobrite zborovi ladat podbro od voda. Cf. A soft ANSWER turneth away wrath. Good WORDS fill not a sack. So zboroj piqaf ne se prait, oti saka oris i mas. (MNU 5883). Cf. Fair WORDS fill not the belly. Many WORDS will not fill a bushel. Kind WORDS go a long way. Qubeznite zborovi daleku patuvaat. Sim. A man's hat in his hand, never did him any harm. Cf. LIP-HONOUR costs little, yet may bring in much. Qubeznite zborovi se kako med. (P.D. 1718). Arnata re~ carskata porta ja otvarat. (MNU 302). Many WORDS will not fill a bushel. So zborovi ne se polnat ko{ei. Var. Aren ti e zborot, ama tikven ti e gro{ot. (MNU 294). Cf. Good WORDS fill not a sack. WORDS and feathers the wind carries away. Zborovite i perduvite gi nosi vetrot. Sim. Words are but wind. Words fly, writings remain. WORDS cut more than swords. Mnozina padnale od me~, no ne tolku kako od jazikot. (Ecclesiasticus 28, 18 / Sirah 28, 19). Var. J'zikot se~it poostro od sabja. (Kav. 1323). After the WORK is done, repose is sweet. Po rabotata, slatka e po~ivkata. As the WORK, so the pay. Kakva rabota, takva plata. Sekoj }e ja primi svojata nagrada spored svojot trud. (I Corinthians 3, 8 / I Korintjani 3, 8; II Corinthians 5, 10 / II Korintjani 5, 10; Revelation 22, 12 / Otkrovenie 22, 12). Gospodi, Ti mu vra}a{ sekomu spored delata. (Psalms 62, 12 / Psalmi 62, 12; Proverbs 24, 12 / Poslovici 24, 12). ]e im platam spored nivnite raboti i spored delata na nivnite race. (Jeremiah 25, 14 / Eremija 25, 14; Matthew 16, 27 / Matej 16, 27; II Timothy 4, 14 / II Timotej 4, 14). Var. Koj kako rabotat, taka e i platen. (Kav. 1576). He that will not WORK shall not eat. Ako nekoj ne saka da raboti, neka i ne jade! (II Thessalonians 3, 10 / II Solunjani 3, 10). Var. If you won't work, you shan't eat. Sim. No mill, no meal. A horse that will not carry the saddle must have no oats. Cf. No PAINS, no gains. No SWEET without some sweat.

 285 English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs

1166.

1167.

1168. 1169. 1170.

1171.

1172.

The WORK shows the workman. Rabotata go falit majstorot. (Kav. 3093). Var. Zanaet~ijata rabotata go falit. (Kav. 978). Cf. The WORKMAN is known by his work. WORK today, for you know not how much you may be hindered tomorrow. Koj sakat na starost da si po~init, na mladost trebit da se potit. (Kav. 1659). A bad WORKMAN quarrels with his tools. Lo{iot zanaet~ija se kara so svojot alat. The WORKMAN is known by his work. Majstorot se poznava po negovata rabota. Cf. The WORK shows the workman. The WORLD is a ladder for some to go up and some down. @ivot je merdivan, eden slaga, drug se ka~ue. (Nedeq. str. 186). Var. Sveto e merdiven: edni se ka~uat, a drugi slevat. (MNU 5500). Sim. Thus fareth the world, that one goeth up and another goeth down. In the world, who knows not to swim goes to the bottom. Even a WORM will turn. I crvot da go nagazi{ }e se svrti. Var. Tread on a worm and it will turn. Cf. The FLY has her spleen and the ant her gall. I b'lvana imat `'l~ka. (Kav. 1131). It is not wise to open old WOUNDS. Ne otvoraj stari rani. Y

1173.

1174. 1175. 1176. 1177.

1178.

1179. 1180.

It will be all the same a hundred YEARS hence. Vodata sekoga{ te~e kon rekata. Var. Kradecot sekoga{ }e si ostane kradec. It will be all one a thousand years hence. Edna{ na sto godini i pe~ena guska mo`e da leta. YEARS know more than books. Glavata e postara od knigata. Better be the head of the YEOMARY than the tail of the gentry. Podobro e da si prv vo selo otkolku posleden vo grad. YESTERDAY will not be called again. Izgubenoto vreme nazad ne se vra}a. If the YOUNG man would and the old man could, there would be nothing undone. Ako mladiot naprave{e se' {to stariot znae{e, ni{to ne }e ostane{e nezavr{eno. Var. Mladosta da ti ja imam, srceto da ti go nemam. (Kav. 1972). If you lie upon roses when YOUNG, you'll lie upon thorns when old. Ako na mladost le`i{ na rozi, na starost }e le`i{ na trwe. Var. Koj na mladost ne u~it (ne se u~it), na starost }e se m'~it. (Kav. 1604). Cf. An idle YOUTH, a needy age. What's YOURS is mine, and what's mine is my own. I se' Moe - e Toe, i Tvoeto - Moe. (John 17, 10 / Jovan 17, 10). An idle YOUTH, a needy age. Ako na mladost ni{to ne si sobiral,

 286 Bone Velikovski

1181. 1182.

1183.

na starost ni{to nema da najde{. (Ecclesiasticus 25, 3 / Sirah 25, 5). Var. A young courtier, an old beggar. Cf. If you lay upon roses when YOUNG, you'll lie upon thorns when old. Eident (diligent) YOUTH makes easy age. Koj{to saka da si po~init na staros, neka se poma~it na mlados. (MNU 3201). What YOUTH is used to, age remembers. Upatuvaj go deteto po negoviot pat, pa koga i }e ostare, nema da otstapi od nego. ([to nau~il vo lulka, }e mu ostane do groba). Sim. Whoso learneth young forgets not when he is old. Cf. What we first LEARN, we best know. (Proverbs 22, 6 / Poslovici 22, 6). YOUTH will have its course. Mladost(a) te~it kako reka, ama ne e za dva veka. (Mladosta pominuva, kratkovremena e: taa ne trae mnogu, a skoro si istekuva.). (MNU 3763). Var. Mladosta ne e doveka. (Kav. 1973).

SUBJECT INDEX of the most commonly used key words and proverbial expressions

A above 1054 abroad 151, 204 absence 1, 2, 890; absent 4; long ~ 3; master ~ 609 abundance 5, 6, 383 accord 7; good ~ 612; according 519 accounting 8, 976 accuser 225 ache 245, 379; aching tooth 1025 acorn 9 action 10; actions 262 Adam 11 adder 12 ado 13 advantage 931 adversity 14, 316, 680, 771, 803 advice 15, 16, 17, 436, 936 afar off 1087 affection 566 afraid 868, 873 after 948, 1163; ~ death 621; ~ joy 760 ~ pleasure 760; afterwards 986 again 980, 1176; won ~ 1009; against 614, 933 age 18, 516, 605, 912, 1182; easy ~ 1181; needy ~ 1178, 1180; old ~ 19, 807, 912 agreement, ill 1068; lean ~ 20 air 114; ill ~ 21 akin 832 alike 957 all 293, 719, 829, 854, 874, 957, 967, 1096; ~ arts 679, 784; ~ costs 227; ~ covet 234; ~ doors 655; ~ evil 580; ~ grasp 234; ~ honey 875; ~ lose 234; ~ maids 584; ~ meats 584; ~ men 623, 624, 759, 988; ~ parties 759; ~ perils 742; ~ rivers 837; ~ sides 716; ~ sores 724; ~ things 620, 726, 772, 811, 1002,

1003, 1004, 1005, 1079; ~ times 297; ~ truths 1061; ~ vice 450 alms 23 alone 24, 25 altar 26 always 973, 980 amends 32 amiss 27 ample provision 807, 912 an hour 430, 431 angel 28 anger 29, 30, 955; angry 31, 32 annoy 467, 760 another 156, 168, 441, 710, 753, 779, 910, 921; ~ day 845, 1019, 1020; ~ devil 673; ~ hand 363; ~ man 544; ~ man's 971, 1113; ~ nail 673; ~ poison 673; ~ thing 421, 85; 7; ~ turn 1063; another's 156; ~ death 889; ~ hand 971; ~ house 907; ~ loaf 988; ~ trencher 971 answer, best 925; like ~ 814; soft ~ 33 ant 1171 anvil 34, 35, 362 apace 691, 1094 ape 36 apparel 217 appearance 37, 38 appetite 39 apple 40, 42; rotten ~ 41; apples 764 April 43 apron 1105 architect 44 arm 213, 519; arms 555; silver ~ 896 army 45 arrow 46, 644, 933; like ~ 1145 art 47, 48, 49, 698, 1001, 1012; all arts 679, 784 ascended 938 ashamed 783 ashes 42, 806 asking 50, 51, 52 asleep 917, 984

 288 Bone Velikovski

ass 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 150, 250, 369, 402, 540, 716, 792, 1141; ass's tail 813 at last 1109; ~ once 956, 1066 aunt 68 authority 1036 avoided, half 269 axe 1047 B Bacchus 69, 195 back 70; ~ door 711; called ~1147 bad 71, 72, 97, 455, 462, 721, 756, 822; ~ dog 396; ~ job 1075; ~ man 1135; ~ market 600; ~ masters 315; ~ news 690, 691; ~ paymaster 727; ~ woman 1135; ~ workman 1168 bag 237, 259, 1029, 1067 baker 371 balk 74 ball 899 barber 75 bare 887; barefoot 889, 989 bark 276, 362; barkers, great 276; barking 278, 657; ~ dog 276 barn 43 battle 100, 530, 742, 817 bead 77; beads 246 bean 78; hard beans 439 bear 80, 421 beard 83, 84, 149 beast 12, 43, 53, 418 beaten 1137 beauty 85, 86, 793 bed 19, 87, 88, 89, 90; strange bedfellows 680 bee 91, 403 before 986; ~ breakfast 502; ~ supper 502 beggar 93, 94, 200, 484, 674; enriched ~ 484; old ~ 1180; beggar's brother 449, 903; ~ purse 555 beginning 39, 97, 98, 99, 570, 723; every ~ 937 behind 899 believed 521; quick believers 1049; believing 865 bell, cracked 103

belly 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 546, 679, 749, 784, 1152, 1158; bellyful 109 beloved 682 below 861 best 120, 377, 386, 464, 504, 516, 577, 615, 724, 816, 885, 976, 992, 1065, 1075, 1182; ~ answer 894, 925; ~ cart 185; ~ pear 396; ~ teacher 300; ~ things 985; ~ wine 1113 bestir 111 betimes 759 better 78, 92, 95, 96, 105, 110, 112, 114, 151, 152, 267, 295, 296, 311, 318, 332, 340, 347, 369, 376, 501, 518, 606, 675, 682, 809, 865, 874, 888, 907, 913, 922, 972, 1032, 1069, 1137, 1146, 1175; ~ children 839; ~ corn 345; ~ late 560; ~ some 809; ~ thing 751; better-natured 113 between 947 big fish 319; two bigs 1067 bill 1117 bird 114, 117, 118, 119, 120, 123, 124, 168, 247, 248, 498, 688; bitter ~ 122, 475; each ~ 115; early ~ 121; ill ~ 116, 749; birds 217, 536, 779, 920, 921 birth 125 bit 126 bitch 984; hasty ~ 127 bite 276; biters 276; bitten 868; once ~ 189, 277 bitter bird 122, 475 blab 128, 129 black 122, 130, 264, 741, 1100; ~ clouds 212, 948; ~ hen 391; ~ sheep 878; black-brows 122, 475 blamed 1058 blessed 347; blessing 616 blind 134, 135, 231, 442, 566; ~ man 131, 132; ~ men 133; ~ whelps 127; blindworm 12 block, every 824; old ~ 207, 660 blood 136, 137, 605 blossom 86, 793 blow 34; first ~ 100; blows 418, 940 boast, great 138, 148, 975 body 374, 1113; little ~ 139; sound ~ 636 boisterous horse 414 bold 333, 478

 289 SUBJECT INDEX

bolted 436 bond 1149 bone 19, 140, 141, 866, 1027; good ~ 396; bones 940, 1153 books 1174 born 142, 143, 550, 593, 611, 624, 759, 997 borrower 144; borrowing 145 bosom 46, 247, 909, 933 both hands 363; ~ sides 956 bottom 922, 973, 1170; bottomless 94 bough 146 bow 644 boy 147 braggers, great 148, 975 brains 149, 373, 855 brass 595; ~ kettle 781 brave 333 braying 150, 792 bread 9, 154, 171, 1034; dry ~ 151, 152; eaten ~ 153; no ~ 913 breakfast, before 502 breaking 474 breast 246 breath 155, 156 bred 141 bridge 80, 158, 159 bridle 64, 805; rough ~ 414 brim 922 broad shoulders 1049 broken 755 broom, new 160 broth 155, 226; good ~ 161 brother 683, 900; beggar's ~ 449, 903; two brothers 162 bruit 148; much ~ 975 buffet 126 building 163; built 699, 840 bull 165 bulrush 165 bung-hole 738 burden 53, 63, 166; own ~ 733 great burdens 409 burned down 436, 936; burnt child 203, 277; burnt-arse 122, 475 bush 114, 168, 779, 921, 1112; bush natural ~ 167; each ~ 982 bushel 341, 1158, 1160

business 169, 590 butcher 170, 427 butter 9, 171, 371, 1155 buyer 172 C cabbage 173, 740 cable 665 Caesar 174 cake 175, 779 calendar 258 call 122; called 596, 1176; calling 590 calm 948 camel 176, 177 candle 178, 179, 180; candle-light 1139 capon 9; fat ~ 152 capuche 77, 246 caravan 278, 657 carcass 181 care 182, 835; much ~ 835; great cares 916; little cares 916 carrion 821 cart 184, 1098; best ~ 185; creaking ~ 183 castle 386; frontier ~ 1102 cat 186, 188, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194 , 392; ~ in gloves 187; scalded ~ 189, 277; cat's paw 201; sober cats 221 cause 32 cellar 43 Ceres 195 chain 196, 993 changeable 1142 charity 197, 198 cheer, good 153 cherry 200; cherries 454 chestnuts 201 chickens 202 child 204, 254, 496, 839, 969; burnt ~ 203; own ~ 722; children 163, 204, 205, 206; children, better ~ 839; children, twice ~ 707; children's teeth 310 chip 207, 660 chosen 596 Christmas 208 church 209, 854 churls' play 758

 290 Bone Velikovski

city 963, 1144 civility 543 clad 36 claws 540 clean 160, 702, 754, 963; cleanliness 210 clear weather 212, 948 climbers, hasty 211 cloak 954 close mouth 667, 1122 cloth 213, 519; sheep's clothing 1128 clouds, black 212, 948 clown 313, 457 coat 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 241, 519, 883; large ~ 672 cobbler 219 cock 220, 435, 478; old ~ 252 coin, much 835 cold 195; ~ hands 364; ~ water 189, 277, 1157 colour 133 colt 221, 477 comb 422 comfit 78 comforter's head 222 common horse 423; commonly 393 company 355, 585, 1134 compelled 563 concord 1070 conscience, good 224; guilty ~225, 982 consent 895 constant dropping 282; ~ guest 320, 360 content 191, 635; little ~ 1092; contented 1092; ~ mind 635; contentment 1092 continual fear 225, 982; ~ feast 224, 635 cookery 439; many cooks 226 cool 43 core 42 corn 43, 768, 924, 1068; better ~ 345; good ~ 864 cost 1113; at head's ~ 1026; little ~ 672; more ~ 409; all costs 227 cough 562 counsel 228, 229, 693, 863; many counsellors 229 country 231, 232, 841; own ~ 801; many countries 230, 493 couple, happy 442 course 565, 1183 courtesy 233; young courtier 1180

cousin 940 cover 780; covered 746; coverlet 519 covet 234; covetous man 235, 236, 772, 966; covetousness 237, 1029 cow 238, 239, 240, 1088; neighbour's ~ 345 cowl 215, 241 crabbed knot 994; ~ wedge 994 crab-tree 242 cracked bell 103 craft 233, 323; craft's master 610; creaking cart 183; ~ door 183 creditors 243 crime 782; criminal 721 cripple 244 crooked logs 553 cross 245, 246, 379 crow 131, 247, 248, 909; evil ~ 117; crows 249 cruel 463; cruelty 721 crupper, embroidered 250; new ~ 250, 598 crust 191 cry 13; much ~ 148, 975 cuckold 444 cunning wife 1105 cupboard 107 cured 676; half ~ 269 cushion, devil's 446 custom 251; ill ~ 395; many customs 230, 493 cuts, desperate 270 cycles 952 D dam 252, 477 danger 260, 742, 877, 1046; ~ foreseen 269; ~ past 253; dangerous 1020 dark 194; darkest 681 daughter 254, 660, 800, 914, 1010; scabby ~ 839; daughter-in-law 662 dawn 681 day 293, 398, 503, 695, 699, 726, 840; day, another ~ 845, 1019, 1020; every ~ 748; fair ~ 1118; first ~ 610; rainy ~ 807, 912; whole ~ 18, 807, 912; three days 320

 291 SUBJECT INDEX

dead 255, 480, 549, 788, 889; ~ house 609; deadly disease 827 deaf 256, 442 deal, great 924 death 156, 173, 257, 258, 259, 569, 827, 900, 901; after ~ 621; another's ~ 889; fair ~ 267; glorious ~ 267; feast ~ 1082 debt 88, 797; debtors 243; ill ~ 727; debts 260 deceit 1049; deceived 393, 1049; deceiving 37; deceptive 37 deed 856, 1150; good ~ 261, 558; deeds 262 deemed, ill 676 deep 768, 1089; deep waters 881 defiled 702, 754 delay 1006; delays 1020 den 1132 descent, greater 211 design 882 desperate cuts 270; ~ diseases 270; ~ remedies 270 destruction 389, 908 Devil 77, 179, 209, 246, 263, 264, 265, 484, 540, 1130; another ~ 673; one ~ 673; devil's cushion 446; devil's nets 1143 dicing 908 died 759 diet, slender 413 difficult 99, 937 diligence 182; diligent youth 1181 dinner 621; little ~ 971 dirt 268; dirty linen 539; ~ puddings 279; ~ water 1085 discretion 713 disease 826, 826; ~ known 269; deadly ~ 827; diseases 271, 638; desperate ~ 270 disgrace 454, 783; open ~ 789 dish 125 disputants, two 272 distaff 352 distrust 1049 ditch 134 divided 482, 1070 doctor 257, 621, 746, 826, 959 doers 975; little ~ 148, 975

dog 66, 220, 369, 478, 866, 939, 1137; bad ~ 396; barking ~ 276; scalded ~ 277; dog's foot 201; ~ tooth 428; dogs 278, 281, 657; great ~ 921; hungry ~ 279; little ~ 168, 921 doing 856, 857, 1150; ~ nothing 280, 450; well ~ 1097; done 851, 852, 1163 door 220, 335, 336, 476, 552, 785, 963; back ~ 711; creaking ~ 183; open ~ 711; doors 937; all ~ 655; open ~281; doorstep 963 doublet 216, 883 doves 869 dower 85 down, burned 936 dozen 1028 drabbing 908 drink 109, 911; drinking 908 dropping, constant 282; many drops 283, 597, 737 drouth 911 drowned 69, 70, 671, 850; drowning man 284 drunkenness 911, 1074 dry 43, 1088; ~ bread 151, 152 duck 285 due 179; ~ time 448 dumb 916 dunghill 220; own ~ 478 dust 286; tomorrow ~ 1015 E each bird 115; ~ bush 982; ~ other 467 eagle 181; eagles 287 ear 177, 288; one ~ 1068; sow's ~ 813; ears 108, 312, 540, 1081; two ~ 289; wide ~ 377, 728 early 89; ~ bird 121 earnest 200, 464 earth 227, 259, 622, 746, 1040; earthen pot 781 ease 711, 759; at ~ 31; easier 810; ~ said 851; easily 388; easy 290, 936, 939, 1124; ~ age 1181; ~ come 534; ~ go 534 East 386, 757; East Indies 850 eaten 875; ~ bread 153; eating 39

 292 Bone Velikovski

eavesdroppers 545 ebbest 950 edge 310 educated 839; education 292 egg 117, 152, 751; white ~ 391; eggs 474 eident youth 1181 elbow 915 elephant 327 eleven 819 ell 313, 457 embroidered crupper 250 empty 94; ~ heads 627; ~ sack 848; ~ vessels 1073 end 293, 294, 723, 986; ending 97, 98, 570 enemy 47, 647, 969, 981, 1115; familiar ~ 295; open ~ 295; enemies 350; many ~ 870; reconciled ~ 173 Englishman's home 386 enough 863, 1029, 1092, 1148; long ~ 889, 1026; rich ~ 1092 enriched beggar 484 envied 296 equal 259, 605 estate 644 Eve 11 even reckoning 823 evening 293, 430 event 436, 936, 1124 ever 521, 980 every beginning 937; ~ block 824; ~ day 748; ~ flock 878; ~ foot 884; ~ man 963, 976; ~ miller 634; ~ one 1047; ~ pedlar 732, 733; ~ shoe 884; ~ sin 897; ~ stone 859; ~ sweet 1100; ~ white 1100; ~ why 1101 everybody 759 everyone 759, 832, 885, 976 everything 537, 862, 996, 1079; ~ new 689 evil 46, 721, 933, 964; ~ crow 117; ~ fruit 1041; ~ gotten 298, 453; ~ manners 508; ~ spent 298, 453; ~ way 494; all ~ 580 excuse 4 experience 300 eye 301, 302, 303, 384, 890; ~ of a needle 176; one ~ 304; eyes 200, 247, 249,

312, 909, 1081; four ~ 304; hundred ~ 172; two ~ 289, 304; eyewitness 865 F face 209, 306, 363, 468, 789, 933, 1051; fair ~ 85, 305, 385; good ~ 675; scratched ~ 1056 fade 86 failure 451 fain 687 faint heart 380 fair 42, 180, 305, 461, 468, 689, 904; ~ day 1118; ~ death 267; ~ face 85, 305; ~ feathers 729; ~ lady 380; ~ water 1086; ~ weather 1093; ~ wife 419, 1102; ~ without 305; ~ woman 1136; ~ words 1152, 1153, 1158; fairest 248; ~ rose 844 faith 472 fall 794; greatest ~ 1046; lower ~ 211; fallen 1047; falling house 820; sudden falls 211 false friend 295; ~ prophets 802 familiar enemy 295 fanned fires 563 far 904, 905, 1037; far-dwelling kinsman 340, 682, 683; farthest 1132 fast 397, 846; so ~ 1109; faster 902 fasting 106 fat 78; ~ capon 152; ~ judgement 20; ~ kitchen 483; ~ land 344; ~ paunches 104 fate 671, 307; fated 671 father 141, 309, 1010; like ~ 660; miserly ~ 308, 641; thrifty ~ 308; fathers 310 fault 4, 439, 670; one ~ 1104; faultless 297; faults 564, 589; physicians' ~ 746; two ~ 1104 fear 152, 311, 579, 828, 982; continual ~ 225, 982; feared 826; fears 835 feast, continual 224, 635; death's ~ 1082 feather 114, 123, 536; featherbed 387; feathers 217, 358, 1161; fair ~ 729 fed 971 feeling 865 feet 192, 259, 368, 1108; foul ~ 729; leaden ~ 353 felled 699

 293 SUBJECT INDEX

fellowship 771, 804 fence 345 few 596; ~ words 1148, 1154 fiddler 434 fields 312, 1081 fierce 264 file 1007 fill 35 filth 770 fine 689, 819; ~ words 1155 finger 313, 457; fingers 702, 754, 946, 990 fire 201, 203, 204, 277, 314, 315, 316, 317, 341, 357, 371, 686, 703, 906, 907, 1085, 1087; great ~ 924; hot ~ 1086; little ~ 924; no ~ 906; fanned fires 563; straight ~ 553 first 318, 367, 500, 504, 516, 701, 722, 793, 986, 1115, 1182; ~ blow 100; ~ day 610; ~ gaining 735; ~ love 577; ~ step 937 fish 81, 192, 202, 320, 321, 322, 323, 360 fish, big 319; fresh ~ 320; great ~ 319; little ~ 319; small ~ 319; fisherman 1033; fishing 324 fitly 894, 925 flax 352 flesh 9, 140, 141, 932 fling 760 flock, every 878; whole ~ 876 flogged 839 flower 86, 325, 793; one ~ 961 fly 326, 327, 1171; flies 287, 401, 405, 667, 875, 983 flying 307, 328, 671 foes 1055 folk, rich 812, 833 folly 505, 572; follies 1119 fool 15, 60, 75, 297, 329, 330, 373, 495; fool's paper 1080; ~ tongue 1026; foolish man 412; ~ tongues 1028; ~ pound 738; fools 206, 331, 1126 foot 271, 332, 638, 670; dog's ~ 201; every ~ 884 forbidden fruit 343, 764, 1090 forced love 563 forecast 713 forehead 384

forepart 716 foreseen, danger 269 forever 490 forgetful head 368 forgotten 578; God ~ 80, 253; soon ~ 3, 153, 890 fork 141 formidable 45 fortune 44, 333, 334, 335, 336, 354, 458, 713; good ~ 713; ill ~ 382; fortune's wheel 337 foul 702, 754; ~ feet 729; ~ heart 305; ~ water 1086; ~ weather 1093; ~ within 305; foulest weeds 344 fountains, little 283 four eyes 304; ~ legs 417 fowl 114 fox 338, 359, 541, 1132, 1133; old ~ 323 France 60 free 623, 983, 988, 991; horse ~ 418 fresh fish 320 friar 241, 274 Friday 502 friend 153, 197, 339, 341, 484, 647, 812, 1115; false ~ 295; good ~ 340, 683; true ~ 743; friends 350, 512, 771, 804; long ~ 823; many ~ 812, 833; old ~ 342; friendship 316 frontier castle 1102 frugality 458 fruit 148, 474, 571, 1042, 1044, 1045; evil ~ 1041; forbidden ~ 343, 764, 1090; good ~ 1041; little ~ 975; stolen ~ 343 frying-pan 475, 939 full 106, 389, 749, 971; full ~ 812, 833 furrow, straight 714 fury 538 G gain 156, 559; lightly gained 290, 534; gained, penny ~ 735; first gaining 735; no gains 718, 965 gall 1022, 1171 gallon 401 gallows 981 game 554; gamesters 554; gaming 908

 294 Bone Velikovski

garden 311, 344; gardener 311; garland 325, 961 garment 217 gate 335 geese 345, 1133; many ~ 1140 generous 623, 988 gentle 573; gentleman 11, 215, 644, 979 gentry 1175 gift horse 346 Gill 462 girdle 1022 given horse 346; giving much 774 glad 777, 1116; gladness 467, 502, 849 glass 370; ~ houses 371 glorious death 267 gloves, cat in ~ 187 gluttony 104 goat 83 God 209, 349, 350, 351, 352, 353, 354, 588, 592, 613, 616, 984, 1078, 1089; ~ forgotten 80, 253; godliness 210; God's help 681 going 387; gone 1015; so ~ 534 gold 55, 62, 78, 316, 356, 357, 386, 432, 476, 492, 552, 586, 675, 1030; today ~ 1015; golden 615, 816, 893, 929; ~ key 476, 552 good 24, 72, 74, 96, 98, 105, 111, 179, 255, 338, 455, 464, 465, 509, 545, 605, 659, 721, 766, 862, 964, 1149; ~ accord 612; ~ bone 396; ~ broth 161; ~ cheer 153; ~ conscience 224; ~ corn 864; ~ deed 261, 558; ~ face 675; ~ fortune 713; ~ friend 340, 683; ~ fruit 1041; ~ heart 382; ~ horse 418; ~ intentions 390; ~ key 720; ~ land 494; ~ laws 508; ~ market 600; ~ memories 523; ~ morrow 682; ~ mother 661; ~ mouse-hunt 190; ~ name 675; ~ neighbour 682; ~ ruler 701; ~ seed 864; ~ servants 315; ~ shepherd 880; ~ smack 741; ~ store 171; ~ thing 1029, 1088; ~ things 984, 985; ~ tree 1041; ~ turn 261, 558, 1063; ~ ware 1083; ~ watch 1084; ~ wife 1103; ~ wine 1112; ~ words 543, 1152, 1156, 1157, 1158, 1160; goodly prize 1103; goods 623, 988; men's ~ 623 goose 285, 1140; kings ~ 358 gotten, evil 453; ill ~ 453

governance, short 511 gowd's worth 757 gown 241 grain 546 grapes 359, 1074; sour ~ 310 grass 43, 345, 420, 859 grave 142, 463 gray 194, 338; ~ head 373 great 72, 125, 283, 597, 737; ~ barkers 276; ~ boast 138, 148, 975; ~ braggers 148, 975; ~ burdens 409; ~ cares 916; ~ deal 924; ~ dogs 921; ~ fire 924; ~ fish 319; ~ healer 1003; ~ honours 409; ~ liar 974; ~ loss 559; ~ oaks 514, 699, 944; ~ persons 200; ~ price 1076; ~ promises 798; ~ revenges 1072; ~ riches 376; ~ ship 514, 881, 944; ~ sorrows 916; ~ soul 139; ~ space 856, 1150; ~ talker 974; ~ thieves 983; ~ treasure 816, 893; ~ wain 514, 944; ~ wasters 163; greater descent 211; greatest fall 1046; ~ sound 1073; ~ step 937; ~ talkers 975; ~ wealth 1092 greener 345 grief 408, 724; thousand griefs 762 groat 111 ground 74, 947; neighbour's ~ 345 guest, constant 320, 360; unbidden ~ 361; uncalled ~ 361; unserved ~ 361; guests 320, 360; new-come ~ 320 guide 821 guilty conscience 225, 982 gutter 829 H habit 241 hail storm 662 hair, more 167 half 85, 100, 101; ~ a loaf 913; ~ a word 1148; ~ avoided 269; ~ cured 269; ~ hanged 676 hammer 35, 362 hand 77, 114, 246, 313, 457, 495, 543, 879, 969, 1159; ~ play 758; another ~ 363; another's ~ 971; left ~ 458; one ~ 169, 170, 363; right ~ 458; short ~ 975, 1023; strong ~ 29; handful 1030; both

 295 SUBJECT INDEX

hands 363; cold ~ 364; iron ~ 353; many ~ 365 hanged 630, 671, 704, 842, 983; half ~ 676 happiness 635; happy 788; ~ couple 442 hard 99, 366, 395, 759, 937; ~ beans 439; ~ words 940; harder 473 hare 921 harm 543, 753, 1048, 1159; harmless 869; harms 1127 harp 58, 131, 168, 239, 367 hasty bitch 127; ~ climbers 211 hat 543; man's ~ 1159 hatched 202 hawks 249 hay 43, 461 head 46, 67, 322, 369, 370, 371, 374, 445, 1175; comforter's ~ 222; forgetful ~ 368; gray ~ 373; mickle ~ 372; shooter's ~933; wise ~ 1122; headed 630; head's cost 1026; empty heads 627; many ~ 375, 626 healer, great 1003 health 376; healthy 89 hearing 633; ten hear-so's 865 heart 1, 6, 77, 245, 246, 303, 379, 381, 383, 410, 468, 573, 890, 1022, 1039, 1116, 1126; faint ~ 380; foul ~ 305; good ~ 382; lord's ~ 555; warm ~ 364; willing ~ 382, 1107; heart's letter 384; ~ mirth 385 hearth 386; own ~ 757 heaven 150, 176, 387, 602, 792, 933 heavy 940 hedge 388, 956; low ~ 388 heed 173 heel, horse's 428; heels 368, 502, 1056 heir 591, 981 hell 389, 390 help, God's 681; helpers 398 hen 392, 435, 546; black ~ 391; hens 359 hence 1173 herb 576 here 1015 herring 935; herringman 1033 hid 562

high 259; too ~ 164; higher mountain 211; ~ standing 211; highest 681; ~ tree 1046 highway 393, 394 hill 861 himself 875, 910 hind part 716 hindered 1167 hinges 183 hire 491; hired horse 415 hog 395; worst ~ 396 hole 545, 591, 666, 711 holiday 398; holy water 265 home 60, 151, 197, 204, 220, 386, 478, 539, 757, 954, 1038, 1091, 1132, 1132; like ~ 757; homely 386 honest man's 1149; honesty 399 honey 91, 326, 400, 401, 402, 403, 404, 405, 406; ~ tongue 1022; all ~ 875 honour 267, 407, 408, 801, 1046; more ~ 409; great honours 409 hood 241, 672 hope 410, 411, 413, 533; much ~ 412 horn 440, 813, 854; horns 177, 715 hornets 983 horse 57, 59, 60, 184, 221, 416, 417, 420, 421, 424, 425, 426, 427, 436, 672, 718, 936, 965; boisterous ~ 414; common ~ 423; free ~ 418; gift (given) ~ 346; good ~ 418; hired ~ 415; running ~ 418; scabbed ~ 422; white ~ 18, 419, 807, 912; horseback 271, 484, 638; horse's heel 428 host 429 hot 461; ~ fire 1086 hour, an 430, 431; morning ~ 432; two hours 430 house 164, 370, 433, 434, 435, 436, 604, 711, 842, 908, 936; dead ~ 609; another's ~ 907; falling ~ 820; man's own ~ 907; neighbour's ~ 686; own ~ 478; rich ~ 808; whole ~ 829; household 437; houses 1144; glass ~ 371 human 297 hundred 329; ~ eyes 172; ~ steps 448; ~ years 1173 hunger 413, 438, 439, 679, 784; hungry 191; ~ dogs 279

 296 Bone Velikovski

hunters 440, 854; hunting 762 hurt man 595 husband 442, 443, 444, 445, 915, 1105 I idle 447; ~ people 448; ~ person 446; ~ youth 1178, 1180; idleness 280, 449, 450, 571, 903 ignorance 47, 451; ignorant 47 ill 255, 280, 450, 452, 454, 603, 980, 1156; ~ agreement 1068; ~ air 21; ~ bird 116, 749; ~ custom 395; ~ debtors 727; ~ deemed 676; ~ fortune 382; ~ gotten 298, 453; ~ luck 455; ~ man 591, 981; ~ name 676; ~ news 691, 692; ~ pennyworth 399; ~ spent 298, 453; ~ turn 456, 1064; ~ weeds 1094, 1095; ~ wound 676 image 901 impossible 382, 1107 impoverishing, sweet 163 in 1114 inch 313, 457 inconvenience 782 index 306 industry 458 infallible 297 infirmities 564 injuries 595; injuring 721 intentions, good 390 invention 679, 784 iron 459, 460, 461, 847; ~ hands 353 J Jack 462; ~ of all trades 1935 jealousy 463, 567 jest 200, 464, 1151; long jesting 465 jewel 1076 Jill 462 job, bad 1075 Jove 466 joy 467, 468; after ~ 760 judged 470; fat judgement 20 just 472; little justice 507 K

keep 18; keeping 473 kennel 66, 474 kettle 122, 475; brass ~ 781 key 449, 903; golden ~ 476, 552; good ~ 720 kick 477 kid 252 kin 484 kind 190; ~ words 543, 1159 king 188, 200, 231, 259, 478, 479, 480, 481, 496, 696; kings goose 358; kingdom 176, 231, 1092; kingdoms 482; kings 510 kinsman, far-dwelling 340, 682, 683 kirtle 216, 883 kitchen, fat 483 kitten, wanton 221 knave 484, 980 knife 170, 427, 460 knot 829; crabbed ~ 994; knotty timber 994 knowledge 486, 487, 488; known 118, 119, 585, 1042; disease ~ 269 L labour 67, 902; labourer 491 ladder 938, 1141, 1170 lady, fair 380 lame 244 Lammas 490 land 493, 495, 496, 861; fat ~ 344; good ~ 494 larder 497 large coat 672; ~ shives 988; ~ streams 283; ~ thongs 623, 988 larks 498; roasted ~ 498 last 444, 499, 500, 501, 504, 560; ~ year 124; at ~ 1109 late 501, 603, 971; better ~ 560; too ~ 830, 936 laughing 515; much laughter 505 law 493, 506, 508, 509, 678; much ~ 507; lawfully 509; laws 510, 983; good ~ 508; wrong ~ 511; lawsuits 512; lawyer's opinion 513 leaden feet 353 leaf 1001, 1012 leak, small 514, 944

 297 SUBJECT INDEX

lean 78; ~ agreement 20; ~ pates 104 learning, much 517 least 975; ~ doers 975; ~ leisure 448 leather 623, 988 leaves 742 lecture 384 left hand 458 legs 368, 519; four ~ 417; short ~ 528 leisure, least 448 lender 144 length 519 lent 416 lessons, many 1002 lest 464, 1056 letter 520; heart's ~ 384 leveller 259 liar 521, 522, 524, 583; great ~ 974; liars 523; lie 525, 526, 527; lies 528; long ~ 1036 liberty 78 life 49, 520, 529, 530, 531, 532, 533, 549, 706, 930; shameful ~ 267; whole ~ 267; lifeless 297; nine lives 186 light 452, 1108; ~ come 1110; ~ go 1110; ~ work 365; lightly 854; ~ gained 290, 534 like 263, 535, 536; ~ answer 814; ~ arrow 1145; ~ father 660; ~ home 757; ~ offering 853; ~ question 814; ~ saint 853; ~ son 660; ~ wood 1145; likeness 123, 536; liking 123, 536 limit 537, 538 linen 1139; dirty ~ 539 link 196, 993 lion 45, 54, 220, 264, 369, 478, 540; lion's share 542; ~ skin 541 lip-honour 543 lips 544 listeners 545 little 378, 543, 546, 668, 775, 1092; ~ body 139; ~ cares 916; ~ content 1092; ~ cost 672; ~ dinner 971; ~ doers 148, 975; ~ dogs 168, 921; ~ fire 924; ~ fish 319; ~ fountains 283; ~ fruit 975; ~ justice 507; ~ roast 148, 975; ~ stone 514, 944; ~ strokes 514, 944; ~ thieves 983; ~ wit 368, 372; ~ wool 148, 975; many a ~ 597; too ~ 863

live 142; living 549 lizard 277, 369 loaded, tree 1044 loaf, another's 988; half a ~ 913 lock 476, 552 logs, crooked 553 lone man 877; sheep ~ 877 long 551, 846; ~ absent 3; ~ enough 889, 1026; ~ friends 823; ~ jesting 465; ~ lies 1036; ~ pain 762; ~ rope 889; ~ tongue 975, 1023; ~ way 543, 1159; ~ ways 1036; ~est 504; ~ way 1091; lookers-on 554; looking-glass 132 loophole 506 Lord 7, 555, 556, 612, 776; Lord's heart 555 lose, all 234; loser 557; loss 72, 156, 557, 559; great ~ 559; lost 105, 261, 501, 503, 558, 672, 1088; occasion ~ 1009; quickly ~ 290, 534; time ~ 1009 louse 9 love 2, 152, 384, 561, 562, 563, 564, 565, 566, 567, 568, 569, 570, 571, 572, 573, 574, 575, 576, 580, 762, 785, 890; first ~ 577; forced ~ 563; old ~ 578; perfect ~ 579; true ~ 565; old lover 581; lovers' perjuries 466 low 259; ~ hedge 388; too ~ 164; lower fall 211; lowest 388 luck 182, 582, 952; ill ~ 455 lying 522, 583 M mackerel 935 mad 354, 517, 712, 939; madman 969; short madness 30 Mahomet 663 maid 254; all maids 584 main sea 742 Mammon 613 man 7, 12, 14, 24, 44, 68, 89, 142, 154, 156, 159, 166, 174, 197, 217, 241, 245, 266, 297, 335, 355, 379, 427, 478, 479, 509, 531, 543, 582, 585, 586, 587, 588, 589, 590, 592, 593, 594, 599, 608, 610, 612, 613, 644, 653, 672, 694, 715, 788, 800, 839, 842, 897, 908, 1015, 1034,

 298 Bone Velikovski

1116, 1125; another ~ 544; bad ~ 1135; blind ~ 131, 132; covetous ~ 235, 236; drowning ~ 284; every ~ 963; hurt ~ 595; ill ~ 591; lone ~ 877; naked ~ 674, 680; no ~ 701; one-eyed ~ 231; poor ~ 834; rich ~ 176, 832, 834; slothful ~ 449, 903; unfortunate ~ 70; valiant ~ 232; willful ~ 1107; wise ~ 701, 712, 1148; man's hat 1159; ~ own house 907; ~ praise 787, 867; ~ store 774; another ~ 971, 1113; men 28, 43, 64, 69, 259, 388, 517, 550, 715, 727, 762, 908; all ~ 623, 624, 759, 988; blind ~ 133; many ~ 375, 626; more ~ 628; old ~ 839; other ~ 625; patient ~ 726; tall ~ 627; wise ~ 329; men's shoes 889; other ~ 623, 988, 1127 manners, evil 508; other ~ 1013 many 5, 22, 495, 596, 737, 739, 971, 1151; ~ a little 597; ~ cooks 226; ~ counsellors 229; ~ countries 230, 493; ~ customs 230, 493; ~ drops 283, 597, 737; ~ enemies 870; ~ friends 812, 833; ~ geese 1140; ~ hands 365; ~ heads 375, 626; ~ lessons 1002; ~ masters 164; ~ men 375, 626; ~ minds 375, 626; ~ opinions 375, 626; ~ servants 870; ~ small 283, 597, 737; ~ strokes 699; ~ trades 1034; ~ turds 1140; ~ women 1140; ~ words 1059, 1140, 1158 marble stone 595 March 43, 142 mare 427, 599; old ~ 250, 598; smith's ~ 887 mark 131, 349, 899 market 60, 349, 568, 1140; bad ~ 600; good ~ 600; quick markets 1083 marksman 601 marriage 605; marriages 602; marrying 163 master 56, 200, 479, 606, 607, 608, 610, 611, 612, 794; absent ~ 609; ~ of none 1935; bad masters 315; many ~ 164; two ~ 613; mastery 786 May 43 meal 965, 1165; meals 532; meal-tub 973 mean 615; means 294, 616 measure 615, 617, 618, 620; own ~ 469

meat 9, 105, 109, 173, 621; roast ~ 151; all meats 584 medicine 827 medlars 1001 meek 622 memories 243; good ~ 523 merchant 629 mercury 824 mercy 721 merry 854 messengers 630 mice 187, 190, 193, 392, 497 mickle 597; ~ head 372 middle way 615 might 541, 631, 632; mighty 765, 1054 milk 240, 345, 351 mill 965, 1165; own ~ 634; mill-clock 633; miller 633; every ~ 634 mind 303, 306, 384, 890; contented ~ 635; sound ~ 636; woman's ~ 1142; many minds 375, 626 mine 1179 mirror 302 mirth 502; heart's ~ 385 mischief 271, 441, 637, 638, 639 miser 640; miserly father 308, 641 misfortune 454, 1084; misfortunes 642 mistakes 451 mistress 254 moderation 620, 643 molehill 327; molehills 798 money 236, 512, 580, 644, 645, 646, 647, 648, 649, 650, 651, 652, 653, 654, 655, 656, 785, 891, 952, 1008, 1032, 1138 monk 241, 716 moon 278, 657, 658 more 53, 78, 82, 347, 659, 669, 766, 928, 930, 1029, 1062, 1174; ~ cost 409; ~ hair 167; ~ honour 409; ~ men 628; ~ pleasure 763; ~ worth 972; none ~ 887 morning 430, 432, 502; ~ hour 432; ~ sun 18, 807, 912 morrow, good 682 mortal 550, 624 moss 945 most 975; ~ noise 1098; ~ sound 1073 mother 254, 280, 450, 660, 679, 693, 784, 1032, 1049, 1118; good ~ 661; pitiful ~ 839; mother-in-law 662

 299 SUBJECT INDEX

mountain 327, 663; higher ~ 211; mountains 664, 798 mouse 9, 369, 433, 591, 664, 665, 666; good mouse-hunt 190 mouth 6, 46, 91, 170, 346, 381, 383, 396, 400, 402, 404, 427, 432, 498, 933, 1022, 1126, 1153; close ~ 667, 1122; own ~ 787, 867; oxen's ~ 717; ~ shut 667; unsavoury ~138 much 43, 378, 543, 659, 668, 669, 766, 775, 1037; ~ bruit 975; ~ care 835; ~ coin 835; ~ cry 148, 975; ~ hope 412; ~ laughter 505; ~ law 507; ~ learning 517; ~ science 487; ~ sorrow 487; ~ work 368; giving ~ 774; too ~ 799, 863, 1029 mulberry-tree 1001, 1012 mule 670, 716 multitude 198 Muses 432 musk 66 mustard 621 my own 1179 N nail 263, 672; another ~ 673; one ~ 673 naked 879; ~ man 674, 680; ~ truth 865 name, good 675; ill ~ 676 natural 142, 624; ~ bush 167; nature 48, 141, 289, 338, 677, 1131; second ~ 251 nay 1106 near 483, 883; ~ neighbour 340, 682, 683; too ~ 1056; nearer 140, 883; nearest 197, 681; ~ relation 340, 683 necessity 678, 679, 784, 1075 neck 77, 454 need 339, 680, 681; needles 732; needy age 1178, 1180 needle, eye of a ~ 176 neighbour 41, 684, 685; good ~ 682; near ~ 340, 682, 683; neighbours 682, 687; neighbour's cow 345; neighbour's ~ 345; neighbour's ~ 686 Neptune 69 nest 116, 120, 124; own ~ 749 net 688; devil's nets 1143

never 276, 501, 558, 560, 705, 955, 973, 1018, 1048, 1097, 1139; ~ welcome 320, 360 new broom 160; ~ crupper 250, 598; ~ shame 898; ~ things 689; ~ way 393; everything ~ 689; nothing ~ 958; newcome guests 320 news, bad 690, 691; ill ~ 691, 692 nighest 681 night 90, 194, 312, 502, 681, 693, 694, 695 nine 829, 942; ~ lives 186 no biters 276; ~ bread 913; ~ fire 906; ~ gains 718, 965; ~ man 297, 701, 1066; ~ one 886; ~ pains 718, 965; ~ place 757; ~ pleasure 760, 761; ~ smoke 906; ~ sooner 852; ~ sweet 718, 965; ~ wisdom 894 noblest 1072 noise 1007, 1140; most ~ 1098 none 611, 706, 709, 913, 1015, 1027; more ~ 887 nose 70 notary 162 note 118, 119 nothing 481, 488, 489, 543, 555, 623, 677, 696, 697, 718, 728, 799, 809, 815, 913, 952, 966, 988, 1052, 1092, 1107, 1177; ~ new 958; ~ worse 295; doing ~280, 450 nought 697; nought's 481 number 709 nurture 698 nut 474; nuts 201 O oak 699; oaks 700; great ~ 514, 699, 944; tall ~ 699 oats 718, 727, 965 obedient 649 occasion lost 1009 offering, like 853 officer 982 oft 1142; oft times 672; often 546, 894, 971; so ~ 755; too ~ 692 oil 702, 703, 754, 1054

 300 Bone Velikovski

old 18, 516, 547, 704, 708, 807, 912, 1002, 1178; ~ age 19, 807, 912; ~ beggar 1180; ~ block 207, 660; ~ cock 252 ; ~ fool 373; ~ fox 323 ; ~ friends 342 ; ~ love 578 ; ~ lover 581; ~ man 16, 19, 1177; ~ mare 250, 598; ~ men 707, 839, 1036; ~ ox 714 ; ~ pot 161 ; ~ sin 898 ; ~ sow 252; ~ way 393 ; ~ wife 680 ; ~ wine 342; ~ wounds 1172; so ~ 706; too ~705 omelette 474 once 521, 550, 619, 980; ~ bitten 189, 277; at ~ 956 one 495, 709, 710, 863, 921, 947, 972; ~ devil 673; ~ ear 1068; ~ eye 304; ~ eyewitness 865; ~ fault 1104; ~ flower 961; ~ hand 169, 170, 363; ~ nail 673; ~ pleasure 762; ~ poison 673; ~ stomach 943; ~ stroke 699; ~ swallow 961; ~ thing 421, 857; ~ tongue 289; one-eyed 841; ~ man 231 oneself 753, 910 onion 9 open disgrace 789; ~ door 711; ~ doors 281; ~ enemy 295 opinion, lawyer's 513; many opinions 375, 626 opportunity 335, 711 oppression 712 other manners 1013; ~ men 625; ~ men's 623, 988, 1127; ~ other side 345, 764; ~ times 1013; others 223, 275, 753, 910, 1119 ounce 271, 638, 713 out 1114 owl 248 own 120; ~ burden 733; ~ child 722; ~ country 801; ~ dunghill 478; ~ hearth 757; ~ house 478; ~ measure 469; ~ mill 634; ~ mouth 787, 867; ~ nest 749; ~ pack 733; ~ reward 1077; ~ shadow 873; ~ shoe 885, 886; ~ throat 1026; owner 311 ox 152, 238, 715, 716, 751; ox, old ~ 714; oxen 1099; oxen's mouth 717 P pace, soft 905

pack, own 733; small packages 985 pail 240, 351 pain 760, 761, 915; long ~ 762; no pains 965 painted 264 pair, weary (of heels) 368 palled wine 1136 paper 719; fool's ~ 1080 paradise 720 parcels, small 985 pardoning 721; pardons 1072 parsnips 1155 parson 722 part 49, 829; hind ~ 716; all parties 759 passion 723 past recalling 1147; danger ~ 253; river ~ 253 pates, lean 104 patience 538, 724, 725, 726; patient men 726 Paul 838 paunches, fat 104 paw, cat's 201 pawn 259 pay 1164; bad paymaster 727 peace 152, 377, 682, 685, 728, 926 peacock 729 pear 730; best ~ 396; pears 200 pearls 731 peas 200 pedlar, every 732, 733 penny 283, 597, 734, 736, 737, 739, 752; ~ gained 735; ~ saved 735; ~ wise 738; ill pennyworth 399; pence 739; two ~ 752 pens 719 people 371, 479, 721, 1044, 1078; idle ~ 448 pepper 740, 741 perchance 131 perfect 786; ~ love 579 performances, small 798; performing 800 perils, all 742 perjuries, lovers' 466 person, idle 446; great persons 200 Peter 838 petticoat 216, 883 petty thieves 983 philosopher 84

 301 SUBJECT INDEX

physic 827; physician 743, 744, 745, 827; physicians' faults 746 pie 809, 913 pig 747, 748, 749, 750; young ~ 252; pig's tail 813; pigs 984 pike 369 pillow 693; soft ~ 224 pin 751 pinch 734 pine 908 pipe 824; piper 752 pippins 242 pit 753, 910 pitch 702, 754 pitcher 755, 756 pitied 296; pitiful mother 839; pity 776 place 232, 386, 1043; no ~ 757 plaster 724 play 464, 908; churls' ~ 758; hand ~ 758; players 554 pleasantness 1072; pleasure 1074; pleasure, after ~ 760; pleasure, more ~ 763; pleasure, no ~ 760, 761; pleasure, one ~ 762; pleasure, short ~ 762; pleasures 765; stolen ~ 764, 1090 plenty 659, 740, 766, 767, 804 plough 227, 769; ploughman 769; ploughshares 970 plum-tree 484 poison 263; another ~ 673; one ~ 673 poke 747, 750 pools, standing 770 poor 23, 125, 765, 775, 776; ~ folk 771; ~ folks 777; ~ man 771, 772, 778, 779, 804, 834; ~ man's tale 773 porridge 155, 777 portion 85 possessors 236 post 1046 pot 9, 122, 400, 475, 499, 780; earthen ~ 781; old ~ 161 pottage 544 pound 271, 638, 713, 734, 736; ~ foolish 738; pounds 739 poverty 449, 483, 679, 771, 782, 783, 784, 785, 804, 903 power 292, 476, 486, 552 practice 488, 786

praise 790; man's ~ 787, 867 prayers 792 preach 83 presence 2; present 4, 1020; ~ time 763 pretence 939 prettiness 793 price, great 1076 prickles 987 pride 484, 767, 794 priest 716 prince 479; princes 1050 prison 78 prize, goodly 1103 procrastination 796, 1020 prodigal son 308, 641 proffered 750 profit 72; small ~559 promise 797; great promises 798; promising 800 prophet 801; false prophets 802 prosperity 771, 803, 804, 805 provision 808; ample ~ 807, 912 public 539 pudding 644, 809, 913; dirty puddings 279 punishment 897 purchase 1031 pure 811 purse 94, 400, 546, 646; beggar's ~ 555; full ~ 812, 833; silk ~ 813 putting in 973 Q quarrels 1102 question, like 814 quick 549, 1089; ~ believers 1049; ~ markets 1083; quickly 290, 348, 666, 939; ~ come, ~ go 534; ~ lost 290, 534 quietness 442, 816, 893 R race 817 rage 818 rain 43, 819, 908; rainy day 807, 912 rats 820 raven 122, 181, 475, 821

 302 Bone Velikovski

razor 1022 ready 1108; ~ roasted 498 reason 566, 572, 818; reasons 773 recalling, past 1147 receiver 822 reckoning, even - short ~ 823 recommendation 787, 867 reconciled enemies 173 redeemed 1009 reed, every 824; reeds 700, 825 relation, nearest 340, 683 remedy 724, 826, 827, 828; desperate remedies 270 repentance 723, 761, 830 reputed 831 rest 377, 512, 728 revenges, great 1072 reward 407; own ~ 1077 rich 14, 831, 833, 979, 1123; ~ enough 1092; ~ folk 812, 833; ~ house 808; ~ man 176, 832, 834; riches 236, 555, 675, 835, 836; great ~ 376 rider 672 rifled 674 right 481, 632, 696; ~ hand 458 ripe 730 river 80; river ~ 253; all rivers 837 road 390; roadside 164 roast meat 151; little ~ 148, 975; small ~ 138; roasted larks 498; ready ~ 498 rod 839 rolling stone 945 Romans 841; Rome 60, 318, 699, 840, 841 root 580 rope 277, 842, 868, 930; long ~ 889 rose 843; fairest ~ 844; roses 1178 rotten apple 41 rough 1089; ~ bridle 414 round 651, 654, 1091 ruler, good 701 running horse 418 rust 459, 847, 902 S sack 1152, 1160; empty ~ 848 saddle 59, 718, 965 sadness 467, 502, 849

safe 850; ~ wading 950; safely 905, 905; safety 1049 said 852; easier ~ 851 sail 461 saint 711; like ~ 853; saints 854 salmon 935 salt 228, 341, 855 saluted 831 same 1173 satin 1001, 1012 sauce 439 saved, penny 735 saying 856, 857, 858, 1150 scab 129 scabbard 968 scabbed horse 422; ~ sheep 876 scabby daughter 839 scalded cat 189, 277; ~ dog 277 scarlet 36 scathe 710 scholar 607 science 47; much ~ 487 scolding wife 908 score 899 scorn 710 scorpion 859 scot 481 scratched face 1056; scratching 39 scrip 94 sea 582, 742, 791, 837, 861, 981; main ~ 742 season 808, 862 second 318; ~ nature 251; ~ thoughts 992 secret 863 sedan 387 seed, good 864 seeing 865; seen 871; seldom ~ 890 seldom 31, 892, 1033; ~ seen 890 self-praise 787, 867 seller 172 serpent 277, 868; serpents 869 servant 144; good servants 315; many ~ 870; service 1032, 1033 seven 819; ~ years 341, 431 Seville 871 shadow 872; own ~ 873 shame 267, 557, 783, 795; new ~ 898; shamed 1058; shameful life 267 share 49; lion's ~ 542

 303 SUBJECT INDEX

sharp 915; ~ wedges 994; sharper 949 shaving 75 sheep 405, 875, 879, 880, 1129, 1133, 1146; black ~ 878; lone ~ 877; scabbed ~ 876; sheep's clothing 1128 sheets 888 shepherd, good 880 ship, great 514, 881, 944; sinking ~ 820 shirt 216, 882, 883 shives, large 988 shoe 672, 886; every ~ 884; own ~ 885; shoemaker 219; shoemaker's wife 887; shoes 888; men's ~ 889 shooter 46; shooter's head 933 shore 80, 253 short 49, 393, 915; ~ governance 511; ~ hand 975, 1023; ~ legs 528; ~ madness 30; ~ pleasure 762; ~ reckonings 823; ~ tongue 377, 728; ~ wit 167; shortest way 1091 shoulders, broad 1049 showen 416 shower 283, 597, 737 shut mouth 667 shy, twice 189, 277 sick 410, 745; sickness 19 side, other 345, 764; all sides 716; both ~ 956 sieve 813 sight 303, 688, 890 sign 891, 975, 1023 silence 816, 892, 893, 894, 895, 925, 928, 929, 1120; silent 331, 894, 916, 925, 999 silk 36, 400; ~ purse 813 silver 400, 893, 929; ~ arms 896 sin 198, 508, 782; every ~ 897; old ~ 898 singly 454, 642 sinking ship 820 skin 54, 81, 883; lion's ~ 541 skirt 882; skirts 371 sky 498 slander 899; slanders 1072 slavery 78 sleep 900, 901 sleeve 213, 297, 383, 519 sleight 541, 631 slender diet 413

sloth 449, 902; slothful man 449, 903 slow 904; slowly 905 sluggard 448; sluggards 398, 768 smack, good 741; sweet ~ 741 small 72; ~ fish 319; ~ leak 514, 944; ~ packages 985; ~ parcels 985; ~ performances 798; ~ profit 559; ~ roast 138; ~ sorrows 916; ~ spark 924; many ~ 283, 597, 737 smith's mare 887 smock 216, 883 smoke 317, 907, 908; no ~ 906 snake 247, 859, 909 snare 753, 910 so fast 1109; ~ gone 534; ~ got 534; ~ often 755; ~ old 706 soap 67 sober cats 221; soberness 911 soft answer 33; ~ pace 905; ~ pillow 224; softly 904, 905 soldier 555; soldiers 1036 solemn voice 831 Solomon (the wise) 1103 some 809, 913; ~ sweat 718, 965; ~ things 772; something 455, 807, 809, 912, 913 son 141, 309, 914; like ~ 660; prodigal ~ 308, 641 song 95 soon 102, 456, 459, 482, 973; ~ forgotten 3, 153, 890; sooner 113, 949; sooner, no 852; soonest 388, 499 sores, all 724 sorrow 145, 487, 502, 680, 855, 915, 917, 1074; much ~ 487; great sorrows 916; small ~ 916 soul 229, 302; great ~ 139 sound body 636; ~ mind 636; greatest ~ 1073; most ~ 1073 soup 577 sour 359, 570, 964, 1100; ~ grapes 310 sow, old 252; sow's ear 813 sowing 920 space, great 856 spaniel 1137 sparing 672, 735 spark, small 924 sparrows, two 1068

 304 Bone Velikovski

speech 892, 893, 928, 929 spending 931; evil spent 453; ill ~ 453 spice 741 spigot 738 spindle 352 spirit 520, 932 spleen 1171 spoken 1151; word ~ 1147 spoonful 401 spots 297 sprat 935 spread 688 spur 418 stable-door 436, 936 staff 425, 939 stag 45 standers-by 554; standing pools 770; higher ~ 211 starling 122, 475 stars 658 stealing 979 steed 936 steel 595, 1027 step 938; first ~ 937; greatest ~ 937; hundred steps 448 stick 217, 939; sticks 940 still 925, 941; ~ waters 1089 sting 91, 760 stitch 829, 942 stock 260 stolen 936; ~ fruit 343; ~ pleasures 764, 1090; ~ waters 343, 1090 stomach 406; one ~ 943; two stomachs 943 stone 137, 200, 282, 329, 756, 1147; ~ wall 366; ~ walls 575; every ~ 859; little ~ 514, 944; marble ~ 595; rolling ~ 945; stones 370, 371, 940, 946, 990, 1044 stool 361; two stools 947 store, good 171; man's ~ 774 storm 700, 948, 949, 1118; hail ~ 662 straight fires 553; ~ furrow 714 strange bedfellows 680; stranger 960, 981 straw 284, 371, 586, 591, 981, 1001 stream 950; large streams 283 strength 1070, 1121 stricken 628

stroke, one 699; little strokes 514, 944; many ~ 699 strong 569, 817; ~ hand 29; stronger 196, 993 sturgeon 369 substance 872 success 451, 952 sudden falls 211 suet 644 summer 325, 961 sun 297, 371, 461, 658, 746, 954, 955, 956, 957, 958, 959; morning ~ 18, 807, 912 Sunday 502, 1034 supper, before 502; supperless 88, 90 sure 896, 904; surety 960 suspected 521 swallow 325; one ~ 961 swans 345 sweat, some 718, 965 sweet 343, 439, 570, 764, 964, 1090, 1163; ~ impoverishing 163; ~ smack 741; ~ torment 565; every ~ 1100; no ~ 718, 965; sweeter 140; sweetest 764; sweetness 404 swift 817; ~ wings 639 swine 731, 966 sword 21, 416, 967, 968, 969; swords 970, 1162 T table 125, 971 tail 64, 91, 238, 369, 1088, 1130, 1175; ass's ~ 813; pig's ~ 813 tailor 829 taken 666, 715; taking out 973 tale, poor man's 773 talker, great 974; greatest talkers 975 tall men 627; ~ oaks 699 taste 8, 976 teacher 679, 784; best ~ 300; teaching 977 tea-cup 70 tears 765 teeth 29, 338, 1056, 1131; children's ~ 310 tempest 662 ten hear-so's 865

 305 SUBJECT INDEX

test 316 Thames 850 thief 93, 522, 524, 583, 674, 711, 796, 822, 978, 979, 980, 981, 982, 1020; great thieves 983; little ~ 983; petty ~ 983; thieving 522, 583 thin 919 thing 436, 927, 936; another ~ 421, 857; better ~ 751; good ~ 1029, 1088; one ~ 421, 857; all things 620, 726, 772, 811, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1079; best ~ 985; good ~ 984, 985; new ~ 689; some ~ 772; three ~ 908; two ~ 1066 this year 124 thistle 62; thistles 987 thongs, large 623, 988 thorn 843; thorns 946, 989, 990, 1178 thought 991; second thoughts 992 thousand griefs 762; ~ years 1173 thread 196, 993 threatened 628 three 863; ~ days 320; ~ things 908; ~ women 1140; thrice 619 thrifty father 308 throat, own 1026 Tib 951 tied 56 timber, knotty 994 time 64, 471, 512, 665, 796, 804, 829, 942, 995, 996, 997, 998, 999, 1000, 1001, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1007, 1007, 1008, 1010, 1011, 1012, 1020; ~ lost 1009; due ~ 448; present ~ 763; times 1014; all ~ 297; oft ~ 672; other ~ 1013 tired 415 today 972, 1015, 1016, 1017, 1018, 1167; ~ gold 1015 toll 991 Tom 951 tomorrow 796, 1015, 1016, 1017, 1018, 1019, 1020, 1021, 1167; ~ dust 1015; tomorrows 972 tongue 332, 383, 400, 715, 1025, 1026, 1027; fool's ~ 1026; honey ~ 1022; long ~ 975, 1023; one ~ 289; short ~ 377, 728; foolish tongues 1028

too high 164; ~ late 830, 936; ~ little 863; ~ low 164; ~ much 799, 863, 1029; ~ near 1056; ~ often 692; ~ old 705 tools 1168 tooth 301; aching ~ 1025; dog's ~ 428 torment, sweet 565 trade 49, 590, 1030, 1031, 1032; many trades 1034 traitor 1038 traveller 1036; travellers 1036 treachery 1038 treason 1049 treasure 620, 1039; great ~ 816, 893; treasures 1040 tree 40, 362, 474, 1042, 1043, 1045, 1047; loaded ~ 1044; good ~ 1041; highest ~ 1046; trees 1144 trencher, another's 971 trouble 419, 565, 1048; troubled waters 324 trough 749 true 64, 692; ~ friend 743; ~ love 565; ~ word 1151 trust 1049, 1050 truth 206, 521, 1010, 1051, 1052, 1053, 1054, 1055, 1056, 1057, 1058, 1059, 1060; naked 865; all truths 1061 turd 1062; many turds 1140 turn, another 1063, 1064; good ~ 261, 558, 1063; ill ~ 456 turncoat 1115 twenty 771, 804 twice 348, 619; ~ children 707; ~ shy 189, 277 twig 1065 two 863, 972, 1033; ~ bigs 1067; ~ brothers 162; ~ disputants 272; ~ ears 289; ~ eyes 289, 304; ~ hours 430; ~ masters 613; ~ pence 752; ~ sparrows 1068; ~ stomachs 943; ~ stools 947; ~ things 1066, 1150; ~ witness 162 U unbidden guest 361 unborn 1069 uncalled guest 361 uncle 68, 80

 306 Bone Velikovski

under 859 understanding 354, 368 undone 113, 1177 unfortunate man 70 union 1070; united 1070 unkind 647 unknown water 950 unsavoury mouth 138 unsent 691 unserved guest 361 untaught 1069 unworthy 529 upright 848 used 459 V vain 677, 688 valiant 220; ~ man 232 valued 1088 vanity 1071; vanities 1071 variant 334 varlet 36 vengeance 1072 Venus 195 vessels, empty 1073 vice 280, 782; all ~ 450 village 318 vine 1074 vinegar 401 vineyard 311 viper 247 virtue 407, 725, 1075, 1076, 1077, 1136 voice 1078; solemn ~ 831 W wading, safe 950 wain, great 514, 944 wall 764, 899; stone ~ 366; white ~ 1080; walls 312, 1081; stone ~ 575 wallet 81, 158, 202 walnut tree 1137 want 5, 18, 640, 672, 912 wanted 833 wanton kitten 221 war 152, 762, 1082 ware, good 1083 warm heart 364; warmer 272

wasters, great 163 watch, good 1084 water 136, 137, 268, 290, 315, 426, 436, 534, 634, 825, 890, 936, 1087, 1088, 1110; cold ~ 189, 277, 1157; dirty ~ 1085; fair ~ 1086; foul ~ 1086; holy ~ 265; unknown ~ 950; deep waters 881; stolen ~ 343, 1090; troubled ~ 324 wavering 1142 wax 371 way 382, 514, 574, 703, 1107; evil ~ 494; long ~ 543, 1159; longest ~ 1091; middle ~ 615; new ~ 393; old ~ 393; shortest ~ 1091; long ~ 1036; wayside 164 weak 165, 932; weakest 196, 993 wealth 376; greatest ~ 1092; wealthy 89 wearer shoe, own 886; weary 1097; ~ pair (of heels) 368 weather, clear 212, 948; fair ~ 1093; foul ~ 1093; weathercock 1142 websters 680 wedge, crabbed 994; sharp wedges 994 weeds 344; foulest ~ 344; ill ~ 1094, 1095 weeping 515 welcome, never 320, 360 well 26, 27, 96, 100, 103, 255, 551, 563, 769, 923, 1095, 1096; ~ doing 1097; well (n.) 268, 329, 755, 1088 West 386, 757 wet 43 whale 935 wheel 183; fortune's ~ 337; worst ~ 1098; wheels 1099 whelps, blind 127 wherefore 1101 whipped 424 whirlwind 1111 white 130; ~ egg 391; ~ horse 18, 419, 807, 912; ~ wall 1080; every ~ 1100 whole 244, 745; ~ day 18, 807, 912; ~ flock 876; ~ house 829; ~ life 267 why, every 1101 wicked 792 wide ears 377, 728 wife 416, 442, 445, 587, 1104; cunning ~ 1105; fair ~ 419, 1102; good ~ 1103; scolding 908; shoemaker's ~ 887 Will 462

 307 SUBJECT INDEX

will 382, 925, 941, 1107, 1108 willful man 1107 willing 932; ~ heart 382, 1107; willingly 104 wind 290, 461, 534, 933, 1109, 1110, 1111, 1142, 1161; winter ~ 1142 window 302, 785 wine 908, 1053, 1114, 1115, 1116; best ~ 1113; old ~ 342; palled ~ 1136 wings 328, 690, 691, 836, 1006, 1117, 1147; swift ~ 639 winning 473 winter 1118; ~ wind 1142 wisdom 218, 1119, 1120, 1121, 1141; no ~ 894; wise 14, 89, 232, 297, 331, 436, 708, 869, 936, 1103, 1123, 1124, 1125, 1126, 1127, 1148, 1154, 1172; ~ head 1122; ~ man 701, 712, 1148; ~ men 329, 1126, 1127; penny ~ 738; wisely 894, 925 wit 1114; little ~ 368, 372; short ~ 167 withered 844 without, fair 305 witness, two 162 woe 25, 496; woeful 437 wolf 338, 405, 438, 875, 877, 978, 1128, 1129, 1130, 1131, 1132, 1133, 1134 woman 15, 437, 586, 716, 1137; bad ~ 1135; fair ~ 1136; woman's mind 1142; women 180, 908, 1138, 1139, 1141, 1142, 1143; many ~ 1140; three ~ 1140 won again 1009 wonder 871; wonders 1011 wood 81, 742, 1144; like ~ 1145; woods 312, 438, 1081 wool 66, 1146; little ~ 148, 975 word 10, 119, 856, 1147, 1148, 1149, 1150; spoken ~ 1147; half a ~ 1148;

true ~1151; words 262, 715, 940, 1147, 1161, 1162; fair ~ 1152, 1153, 1158; few ~ 1148; fine ~ 1155; good ~ 543, 1152, 1156, 1157, 1158, 1160; hard ~ 940; kind ~ 543, 1159; many ~ 1059, 1140, 1158, 1160, 1160 work 293, 593, 1163, 1164, 1166, 1169; light ~ 365; much ~ 368; workman 1166, 1169; bad ~ 1168 world 337, 593, 612, 654, 1170 worm 121, 1171 worse 71, 276, 374, 555, 581, 826, 1062, 1135, 1135; nothing ~ 295; worst 778; ~ hog 396; ~ wheel 1098 worship 742 worth 78, 111, 114, 513, 586, 713, 734, 1088; gowd's ~ 757; more ~ 972; worthy 491 wound, ill 676; wounds 742; old ~ 1172 wrapped up 985 wrath 33, 955 wreck 612 writings 1161; written 595 wrong 4, 272; ~ laws 511 wroth 499 Y year 208, 706; last ~ 124; this ~ 124; years 1174; hundred ~ 1173; seven ~ 341; thousand ~ 1173 yeomary 1175 yesterday 1176 young 18, 516, 704, 807, 912, 1178; ~ courtier 1180; ~ man 1177; ~ pig 252 yours 1179; yourself 875, 977 youth 516, 1182, 1183; diligent ~ 1181; eident ~ 1181; idle ~ 1178, 1180

IZVORI I KRATENKI / SOURCES AND ABBREVIATIONS Anastas Tahovski, Gr~ko-makedonski paraleli I-II, "Makedonski jazik", Skopje, 1956, kn. 1, 2, str. 41-72, 174-193. Augusto Arthaber, Dizionario comparato di proverbi e modi proverbiali italiani, latini, francesi, spagnoli, tedeschi, inglesi e greci antichi con relativi indici sistematico-alfabetici, Ulrico Hoepli, Milano, 1981. B.V. - Bone Velickovski, Collection of proverbs and sayings, Archives of the Institute of Folklore, Skopje, 2001. Biblija (Sveto pismo): Stariot i Noviot zavet. Prevod: D-r/D-r Du{an H. Konstantinov. Bitola: Euroliber, 1999. Biblija. Stari i Novi zavjet. Zagreb: Kranska sadanjost, 1974. Cep. = Marko K. Cepenkov, Makedonski narodni umotvorbi : vo deset knigi / red. Kiril Penu{liski; [glaven urednik] Bla`e Ristovski ; [odgovoren urednik] Tome Sazdov; jazi~en urednik Todor Dimitrovski. - Skopje : "Makedonska kniga" ; Institut za folklor, 1972. Kn. VIII. - Poslovici, pogovorki, gatanki, kletvi, blagoslovi. (5032 poslovici). Council of Europe Le Conseil d'Europe, Proverbs, Sayings. English-Romanian Dictionary of Equivalent Proverbs. Teodor Flonta, 1995. First edition 1992, published by Teopa, Bucharest. Second edition 1995. ISBN 1 875943 00 5. Published by arrangement with Teopa, Bucharest. Jerzy Gluski, Proverbs, A Comparative Book of English, French, German, Italian, Spanish and Russian Proverbs with a Latin Appendix, 1971. Kav. = Filip Kavaev, Narodni poslovici i gatanki od Struga i Stru{ko, sobral i priredil Filip Kavaev, Skopje, Filozofski fakultet, Institut za makedonski jazik, 1961. La Sainte Bible. Traduite sur les textes originaux hebreu et grec. Nouvelle dition d'aprs la traduction de Louis Segond. London: Trinitarian Bible Society, 1970. MNP = Makedonski narodni poslovici, sobral Apostol Pop Jovanovski, Skopje, Studentski zbor, 1991. (4.098 poslovici). MNU = "Makedonski narodni umotvorbi", tom IV, kniga 1, Poslovici, vo redakcija na Haralampie Polenakovi} i Kiril Penu{liski, Skopje, Knigoizdatelstvo "Ko~o Racin", 1954. (6979 poslovici). Nedeq. - Du{an Nedeqkovi, Osnovne etografsko-etolo{ke karakteristike skopskog narodnog `ivota, "Glasnik Skopskog nau~nog dru{tva", 1925, kw. I, sv. I, str. 177-204. (Vkupno: 282 poslovici). Oxford Dictionary of English Proverbs, 3rd ed. By F. P. Wilson, 1970. P. D. = Petko Domazetovski, Apostol Pop - Jovanovski: "Zrno po zrno poga~a, kamen po kamen - palata": Makedonski narodni poslovici i pogovorki. Sobrale i priredile Petko Domazetovski i Apostol Pop - Jovanovski. Jablanica: "Vi{arica", 2002.

 310

Rosalind Fergusson, The Penguin Dictionary of Proverbs, 1983. Slovarw anglijskih poslovic i frazeologi=eskih vyra-enij. Sostavitelw A. A. Hazan. Smolensk: Rusi=, 2001. Sveto pismo na Stariot i Noviot zavet, so blagoslov na Svetiot Arhijerejski sinod na Makedonskata Pravoslavna Crkva, Svindon, Britansko inostrano Biblisko dru{tvo, vo sorabotka so Makedonska kniga, Skopje, 1991. The New Testament of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ with Psalms and Proverbs. 1973. London: The Gideons International. Poslovici i izreki na str. 574-614. Thomev, Jim, Small Tales, Great Wisdom: Macedonian Sayings and Fables: Exercises in the Art of Astonishment, Black on White Publication, Queenscliff, Victoria, Australia, 1999. Yurtba{x, Metin, A Dictionary of Turkish Proverbs (More then 5,000 Turkish proverbs with their translations, explanations and equivalents in English, arranged into 172 categories, 172 illustrations, Turkish and English indexes), Turkish Daily News, Ankara, 1993. Yurtba{x, Metin, Turkish Proverbs and their equivalents in fifteen languages (3,500 Turkish proverbs, 35,000 world proverbs, 172 categories, 172 illustrations, Index). Introduction by Steven E. Hegaard, Prface par Prof. Jean-Paul Roux, Einleitung von Prof. Wilfried Buch. Instanbul: Metin Yurtba{x, 1996.

SODR@INA/CONTENTS

str. DEL I/PART I Makedonsko-angliski poslovi~ni paraleli / MacedonianEnglish parallels of equivalent proverbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Voved . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Makedonski i angliski poslovici i pogovorki . . . . . . . . . . . Indeks na klu~nite zborovi i pokarakteristi~nite termini . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D E L II / P A R T II English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs / Angliskomakedonski poslovi~ni paraleli. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Dictionary of English and Macedonian equivalent proverbs . . . . . Subject index of the most commonly used key words and proverbial expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Izvori i kratenki / Sources and abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sodr`ina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5 7 35 151

179 181 201 287 309 311

 - : - e , : - e , - , : - , : : - : 500 CIP - . , 398.9(=163.3) : (=111) 398.9(=111) : (=163.3) , - - / . - : , 2002. - 311 .; 22 . - ( / ; . 49) . . .: Macedonian-English and English-Macedonian parallels of equivalent proverbs / Bone Velikovski. - . : . 309-310. ISBN 9989-642-01-, (.) ISBN 9989-642-46-, (. 49) ) - ) - - COBISS.MK-ID 0

9989-642-01-, 9989-642-46-, 49