tihvaxy of tire trheolojfcd ^emmarjp

PRINCETON

NEW JERSEY

PRESENTED BY

Addison Alexander library

WORKS
OF

JOHN KNOX.

THE WODROW SOCIETY,

Instituted

Mat

1841,

FOR THE PUBLICATION OF THE WORKS OF THE FATHERS AND EARLY WRITERS OF THE REFORMED CHURCH OF SCOTLAND.

THE WORKS
OF

JOHI K:^0X;
COLLECTED AND EDITED

BY DAYID lAUa.

VOLUME

FIRST.

EDINBURGH:
PRINTED FOR THE

WODROW

SOCIETY.

MDCCCXLVI.

"

Ad Scotos transeuntibus primus occurrit Magnus

;

ille

JOANNES

CNOXUS

QUEM

SI

Scotorum

in

vero Dei cultu instaurando, velut

ApOSTOLUM QUENDAM DIXERO, DIXISSE me quod res est EXISTIMABO."

Theod. Beza.

vOM'^,

TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PAGK

Advertisement,

'

vii

Chronological Notes of the chief Events in the Life of

John Knox,

........

HISTORY OF THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

Introductory Notice,

BOOK FIRST, 14941558, BOOK SECOND, 15581559,

APPENDIX.
No.
I.

...... .1 ...
.

xxv

295

Interpolations and various Readings in Book

First and Second in Buchanan's editions of

the "History,
No.
II.

in 1644, in

.477
496 500

On the Lollards
Fifteenth Century,

Scotland,

.....
during the
.

No. III. No. IV.

Patrick Hamilton, Abbot op Ferne,

On the Royal Pilgrimages

St.

to the Shrine of Duthack, at Tain, in Ross-shire,

.

515

No. V.

Foxe's Account of

Henry Forrest, and other

Martyrs

in

Scotland,

King James the Fifth,

No. VI.

.....
during

the reign of
516

Notices of the Protestant Exiles from Scotland, during the reign of King James the Vjfth,

526

VI

TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Alexander Seyton,

No. VII. No. VIII. No. IX.

Sir John Borthwick,

George Wishart,

No. X. No. XI. No. XII.

John Rough,

Norm AN

Lesley,

Adam Wallace,

No. XIII.Walter Myln, No. XIV.

No.

.... .... ..... .... .... ....

. .

PAGE

531

533

534
537
541

543 550
555

On the

title op Sir applied to Priests,

in Edinburgh, at the procesDay, 1558,
.

XV.

On the Tumult

sion ON St. Giles's

558
561

No. XVT.

Provincial Councils in Scotland, 1549-1559,

No. XVII.

Letter of Mary Queen op Scots to Lord

James, Prior op the Monastery op St. An-

drews, July 1559,

No. XVIII.

......

562
56.3

David Forrest, General op the Mint,

ADVERTISEMENT.
This publication of the Works of John Knox,
supposed, will extend to Five Volumes.
advisable to
It
it is

was thought
History of

commence

the series with

his

the Reformation in Scotland, as the

work of greatest
thus
contain the

importance.

The next volume

at

will

Third and Fourth Books, which continue the History to

the 3^ear 1564
;

which period

his

historical labours

may
his

be considered to terminate.

But the Fifth Book,

His Letters
in

forming a sequel to the History, and published under

name

in

1644, will also be included.

will

and Miscellaneous Writings

gical order

be

arranged

the

subsequent volumes, as nearly as possible in chronolo;

each portion being introduced by a separate

notice, respecting the

manuscript or printed copies from

which they have been taken.

It

may

perhaps be expected that a Life of the Author

should have been prefixed to this volume.

The

Life of

Knox, by Dr. M'Crie,

is

however a work

so universally

known, and of so much

historical value, as to supersede

for

any attempt that might be made

a detailed bio-

viii

ADVERTISEMENT.
;

graphy

and none of the

In
order

earlier sketches of his life is

sufiiciently

minute or accurate to answer the purpose

to

intended.

obviate

the

necessity
I

of the

reader having recourse to other authorities,

have added

some chronological
life
;

notices of the leading events in his

reserving to the conclusion of the

in

work any

re-

marks,

connexion with this publication, that

may

seem

to be requisite.

was very desirous of obtaining a Portrait of the

Hitherto
all

Reformer, to accompany this volume.

inquiries have failed to discover

my

any undoubted
In the

original

painting,
scribed,

among

several which have either been so de-

or engraved

as

such.i
is

meantime, a

tolerably accurate fac-simile

portrait of Knox,2 included

given of the wood-cut

in

by Theodore Beza,

his

volume entitled

" Icones, id est,

Verse Imagines Virorum

Doctrina simul et Pietate illustrium," &c., published at

Geneva, in the year 1580, 4to.

It

is

the earliest of

That Lord Torphichen's

is

pictiire at

of Beza's volume appeared in 1581, with several additional portraits; but

it

Calder House

a portrait of Knox,
it

is

cannot be doubted, and

may have

somewhat remarkable that a

different portrait should

totally

been copied from an older painting

but at best
it is

have been sub-

a harsh and disagree-

stituted in place of that of

I think,

Knox.

This,

able likeness, painted at least a century

after

may be

explained, from the cir-

Knox's death.

It
;

was engraved

cumstance of the original cut having

been either injui-ed or lost; and not troia
the other exhibiting a more
correct

for Dr. M'Crie's

scale, there is

work

and, on a large

a most careful engraving

of

it,

by a very ingenious and modest

William Penny of Mid-Calder.
in the origiit is

likeness of the Scotish Reformer.

its

From
was

artist, Ml-.
'

marked resemblance,

am

convin-

The ornamented border

is

ced, that the portrait substituted

nal

very rudely cut

here

given

intended for William Tyndale.

When
Knox

only in outline.

French translation

the engraved pseudo-portraits of

ADVERTISEMENT.
the
it

,ix

engraved

portraits, and,

so

far

as

we can

judge,

ought to serve as a kind of test by which other

portraits

must be
to

tried.

similar

head engraved on
ali-

copper,

is

be found in Verheiden's " Praestantium

quot Theologorum, &c.. Effigies," published at the Hague,

in

1602,

foHo

but

this,

apprehend,

is

merely an
ori-

improved copy from Beza, and not taken from an

ginal
racter
painting.
It

does not retain the expressive cha-

of the

ruder engraving, although the late Sir

David Wilkie, whose opinion in such matters was second

to none,

was inclined

to prefer this of

Verheiden

to

any

at least of the later portraits of the Reformer.

It

may

not here be superfluous to mention, that this

publication

was projected by the Editor many years ago,

into for

and that some arrangements had been entered

having
it

printed

in

England.

When

the

Wodrow
I

Society, therefore, expressed a willingness to undertake

the

work, I proposed as a necessary condition, that

are brought together,

it is

qmte

ludi-

I state this

from having lent him

crous

to

compare
wliich

the

diversity
exhibit.

of

Verheiden's work, for the pui-pose of

his copying

character
sides

they

Be-

Knox's portrait.

Perhaps
of

the ordinary likeness, with the

the fine arts sustained

this

by the death

long flowing beard, copied fi-om bad

eminent Painter, no greater loss

engTavings to worse,

we have

the Holy-

than in his leaving unfinished the most

exquisite design of "

rood one, not unworthy of Holbein, of

Knox

dispensing
its half-fin-

a mathematician, with a pair of compasses

;

the Sacrament," which, in

the head at Hamilton Palace,

ished state, has fortunately been se-

which might serve for the Hermit of

(

cured by the Royal Scotish Academy.

His previous painting of "

Jopmanhurst

and others that would

Knox preach-

be no unsuitable illustrations to any

ing to the Lords of the Congregation,"

is

account of the fools and jesters entertained at the Scotish Court.

sadly disfigiu'ed by the extravagant

action

and expression of the Reformer.

VOL.

I.

ADVERTISEMENT,

should have the privilege of causing a limited impression

to be

thrown

ofif,

for sale, chiefly in

liberal

England

and the

Council, in the

most

manner, at once acquiesced

in this proposal.

Instead however of availing myself to

the

full

extent of their liberality, which some circum-

stances rendered less desirable, but in order to avoid

throwing,
extra

either

upon the Society or the Editor, the

been incurred in various
it

expenses which have

matters

connected with the publication,

was

finally

arranged that a

much more

limited
off

impression than

Avas first proposed, should be

thrown

on paper to be

furnished by the

Bannatyne Club,

for the use of the

Members

of that Institution.

November, 1846.

CHRONOLOGICAL NOTES.

lOANNES CNOXVS.

{From Theod. Bezjj

Iconks,

etc.;

mdlxxx.)

CHRONOLOGICAL NOTES
THE CHIEF EVENTS IN THE LIFE OF JOHN KNOX.
Knox was bom
this year, at the village of GiiFord, near the 1505.

town of Haddington, in East-Lothian.

county of Renfrew

His father

is

said to

have been descended from the Knoxes of Ranferly, in the

;

and the name of

his

mother was

Sinclair.

Knox

himself, in describing

an interview with the Earl of

Bothwell, in 1562, mentions that his father, grandfather, and

great-grandfatlier,

had

all

served his Lordship's predecessors,

their standards
;

and that some of them had died under

which

implies that they must have been settled for a considerable

period in East-Lothian, where the Hepburns, Earls of Bothwell,

had

their chief residence.

After being educated at Haddington,

the University of Glasgow
;

Knox was

sent to 1522.

where John Major was Principal

Regent or Professor of Philosophy and Divinity.

"

The name

Johanes Knox," occurs in the Registers of the University,

those of the students

among

who were
is

incorporated in the

year 1522.

There
St.

is

no evidence to shew that he afterwards

usually stated, either to com-

proceeded to

Andrews, as

plete his academical education, or publicly to teach philoso-

phy, for which he had not qualified himself by taking his

degree of Master of Arts

If he ever taught philosophy,

it

must have been

in the

way

of private tuition.

xiv

CHRONOLOGICAL NOTES.
this

1530.

About

time

Knox

took priest's orders

and he was

probably connected, for upwards of ten years, with one of the religious establishments in the neighbourhood of Haddington.
It
is

generally supposed, that between the years 1535 and

1540, in the course of his private studies, the perusal of the writings of Augustine and other ancient Fathers, led him to

renounce scholastic theology, and that he was thus prepared, at a mature period of life, to profess his adherence to the
Protestant faith.

1,541.

March

8.

The name

of " Schir

John Knox" occurs among

tocol-book belonging to the borough of Haddington

is

the witnesses to a deed concerning Rannelton Law, in a Pro; and there

no reason to doubt that this was the Reformer.

1544.

Knox

entered the family of

Hugh Douglas

of Longniddry,
;

as tutor of his sons Francis

Alexander Cockburn, son of

and also of John Cockburn of Ormiston. and George Douglas

1545.

In this year he attached himself as an avowed adherent of George Wishart, from the time of his first visit to East-Lothian.

546.

1st of

George Wishart suiFered martj^dom at March 1545-6 and on the 29th of

;

St.

Andrews, on the
that year. Car-

May

dinal Beaton was murdered.

1547.

April 10.
of
St.

Knox, with his young

pupils, entered the Castle

Andrews, as a place of safety from the persecution of

the Popish clergy.

May.

At the end
;

of this month, or early in June, he re-

ceived a public call to the ministry, which he obeyed with

great reluctance

but having undertaken the

ofiice,

he con-

tinued, along with John Rough, to preach both Church, and in the Castle until its surrender.

in the parish

CHRONOLOGICAL NOTES.
June.

xv

The French

fleet

appeared in

St.

Andrews Bay,
tlie

to

lay siege to the Castle, whicli surrendered on

30th of July

hut in defiance of the terms of capitulation, the chief persons in

the place were sent as j)risoners on board the French galleys.

During
confined,

this winter, the vessel

on board of whicli Knox was

remained in the river Loire.

Scotland,
;

The

vessel returned

to

about the time of the 1548.

St.

siege of

Haddington

in

June

and when within sight of

in that place

Andrews, Knox uttered his memorable prediction, that he

would yet survive
to preach

where God had

opened his mouth

for the ministry.

During

this winter,

he was kept prisoner at Rouen, where

Justification,

he wrote a Preface to Balnaves's Treatise of

death, was supposed to be

which was sent to Scotland, and until some years after his
lost.

Febraary.

Knox

obtained his liberty, after an imprisonment 1549.

of nineteen months.

He came

to England,

and soon afterwards

in the

was appointed by the English Council to be a preacher

town

of Berwick.

April

4.

Knox was summoned

to

appear at Newcastle 1550.

to give

before Dr. Tonstall, Bishop of

his doctrine.

Durham,

an account of

At

the close of this year he was removed from Berwick to

Newcastle, where he continued his ministerial labours.

Knox was appointed by the Privy Council of 1551. England one of six Chaplains to Edward the Sixth. This led
December.
to his occasional residence in

London during 1552 and 1553.

October.
ter
;

He

received an offer of the Bishoiiric of Roches- 1552.

but this preferment he declined.

xvi

CHRONOLOGICAL NOTES.
o^'

1553.

I^^

fit)Out

February,

Knox was summoned

but was acquitted.

before

the

Fr'ivj Council of England, upon complaints made by the

Duke

of

Northumberland

April 14,

He

also declined accepting the vacant living of

All-Hallows, in London, and, on account of his refusal, was

again

summoned before the Privy Council. Edward the Sixth died on the 6th of July, and the

persecu-

tion of the Protestants being revived during the reign of

Queen

Mary, most of the Reformed ministers and

many

of the laity

made

their escape,

and sought refuge

in foreign countries,

in the course of that year.

f.f^A
I

January

28.

Knox was

at Dieppe,

where he remained

till

He then proceeded to Geneva, but was again at Dieppe in July, " to learn the estate of England."
the end of February.

April 10.

The Queen Dowager, Mary of

Guise,

was

installed

Regent of Scotland.

On

the 4th of September,

he received a

call

from the

English Congregation at Frankfort on the Maine, to become

their minister.

He

accepted the invitation, and repaired to

that city in November.

rKK
of

I^^

consequence of the disputes which arose in the English

Prayer, and the introduction of various ceremonies,

Congregation at Frankfort, in regard to the use of the Book

Common

Knox was

constrained to relinquish his charge

and having
left

preached a farewell discourse on the 26th of March, he

that city, and returned to Geneva.

Here he must have

is

re-

sumed

his ministerial labours

as,

on the 1st of November

it

that year, in the " Livre des Anglois, a Geneve,"

pressly said, that Christopher

ex-

were " appointed to preclie the

Sacraments, in
th'

Goodman and Anthony Gilby word of God and m^aiyster the

This refers to his

absence of

John Knox."

having resolved to

visit his native country.

CHRONOLOGICAL NOTES.

xvii

Knox
wick.

jDroceeded to Dieppe in August,

and in the following

montli landed on the east coast of Scotland, not far from Ber-

Most of

tliis

winter

lie

spent in Edinburgh, preaching

and exhorting

in private.

In the beginning of this year

Knox went

to Ayrshire, 1556.

accompanied with several of the leading Protestants of that

county, and preached openly in the town of Ayr, and in other
parts of the country.

He was summoned

to aj^pear before

Convention of the Popish Clergy, on the 15th of May, at Edinburgh.

About the same

time, he addressed his Letter to the

Queen Regent. Having received a

become one of
year.

solicitation for his return to

Geneva, to

their pastors,

Knox

left

Scotland in July that

Before this time he married Marjory Bowes.

Her

father

was
;

Ricliard, the youngest son of Sir

Ralph Bowes of

Streatlam

her mother was Elizabeth, a daughter and co-

heiress of Sir

Roger Aske of Aske.

On

the 13th September, Knox, along with his wife and his

mother-in-law, were formally admitted

Congregation.
1

6th of

members of the English At the annual election of Ministers, on the December, Knox and Goodman were re-elected.
invitation from Scotland, which 1557.

Having received a pressing

he considered
letters of

to

be his duty to accept,

Knox took
;

leave of the

Congregation at Geneva, and came to Dieppe

but finding
till

an opposite tenor, dissuading him from coming

after a time

more favourable opportunity,

Geneva.

he returned again to

In May, his son Nathaniel was born at Geneva, and was

baptized on the 23d, William Whittingham, afterwards
of

Dean
con-

Durham, being

god-father.

On

the 16th of December,

Knox and Goodman

still

tinued to be ministers of the English Congregation at Geneva.

xviii

CHRONOLOGICAL NOTES.
Marj Queen
year
of Scots

1558.

Aj)ril.

was married,

at Paris,

to

Francis,

Dauphin of France.

In

tliis

Knox
;

republished, with additions, his Letter to

the Queen Regent

and

also his Appellation

from the
;

ciniel

sentence of the Bishops and Clergy of Scotland

Blast of the

and

his First

Trumpet against the Regiment of Women. In November, his son Eleazar was born at Geneva, and was
on the 29th, Myles Coverdale, formerly Bishoj) of

bajjtized

Exeter, being witness or godfather.

November

1 7.

Upon the death

of

Mary Queen

of England,

Elizabeth ascended the throne.

On

the 16th December,

Knox and Goodman were again

re-

elected ministers of the English Congregation.

1559.

Januaiy

7.

Knox took

his final departure from Geneva, in

;

consequence of an invitation to return to Scotland

and was

on that occasion honoured with the freedom of the

city.

In March, he arrived at Dieppe, and finding that the English

Government refused

to grant
for Leith,

him a

safeconduct, on the

22d April he embarked

the 2d May.

and reached Edinburgh on

During that month, the Queen Regent pub-

-lished a Declaration against the Protestants,

and the Lords

;

of the Congregation sent a deputation to remonstrate

their remonstrance being defence.
despised, they took

but
self-

arms in

June

11.

Knox preached

in St.

Andrews

and

at Perth on

the 25th, when the populace defaced several of the Churches

or Monasteries in that city.

July

7.

He was
;

elected Minister of Edinburgh.

Owing

to

the troubles, within a brief space he was obliged to relinquish

his charge

but he continued his labours elsewhere for a time,

chiefly at St.

Andrews.
of France, his son of Scots,

July
Francis,

10.

On the death of Henry II. who had espoused Mary Queen

and had

CHRONOLOGICAL NOTES.

xix

obtained the Matrimonial Crown of Scotland in November

1558, at the age of sixteen, ascended the throne of France.

August

1.

The Protestants assembled

solicit

at Stirling,

and hav-

ing resolved to

aid from England, on the

3d of that

month Knox proceeded to Berwick to hold a conference with Sir James Crofts. In this month, he sent Calvin a favourable
rej)ort

of his labours since his arrival in Scotland

to this

Calvin's

answer

communication
20.

is

dated in November.

September

Knox's Wife and children, accompanied by

Christopher Goodman, arrived in Edinburgh.

October 18. The Protestants entered Edinburgh, while the Queen Regent retired to Leitli, with the French troops which had come to her aid.

Februaiy

27.

treaty concluded

between England and 1560.

fleet

the Lords of the Congregation.

The English

blockaded

the port of Leith, and fiirnished reinforcements, their trooj^s at the same time having entered Scotland.
April.

At

the end of this month,

Knox had

returned to

Edinburgh.

His work on Predestination was published this

year at Geneva.

June
burgh.

10.

The Queen Regent died

in the Castle of Edin--

Articles of Peace were concluded in July.

1.

August

l7th, the Confession of Faith

religion formally established.

The Scotish Parliament assembled and, on the was ratified, and the Protestant
;

December 5. Francis II. of France, the husband of Mary Queen of Scots, died. December 20. The first meeting of the General Assembly
was held at Edinburgh.

At

the end of this year, Knox's Wife died, leaving

him the

two sons above mentioned.

An

invitation having been sent

by the Protestant Nobility

15(51.

XX
to their

CHRONOLOaiCAL NOTES.
young Queen,
to revisit Scotland, she arrived from

France, and assumed the Government, on the 19th of August.

1562,

May.

Knox engaged

in a dispute at Maybole, with Quintin

;

Kennedy, Abbot of Crossragwell

December.

of which dispute he pub-

lished an account in the following year.

He was summoned

to appear before the Privy

Council, on account of a circular letter which he

had addressed

to the chief Protestants, in virtue of a commission granted to

him by the General Assembly.

1563,

The town of Edinburgh formed only one parish, Knox, when elected Minister, had the assistance of John Cairns as Reader. John Craig, minister of the Canongate or Holyrood, had been solicited to become his colleague, in April 1562 but his appointment did not take place till June 1563.
March.

1564,

daughter of

Knox married to his second wife, Margaret Andrew Lord Ochiltree.

Stewart,

June
visit

30.

He was

appointed by the General Assembly to

the churches in Aberdeen and the North of Scotland. The following Assembly, 26tli of December, gave him a similar aj)pointment for Fife and Perthshire.

1565,

Knox was summoned

in St. Giles's Church,

before the Privy Council, on account

of a sermon which, on the 19th of August, he had preached

1566,

In this year he appears to have written the most considerable portion of his History of the Reformation
;

having com-

menced the work in 1559 or 1560.

In consequence of the unsettled state of public
the murder of David Riccio, 9th of March, burgh, and retired for a time to Kyle.
affairs, after
left

Knox

Edin-

CHRONOLOGICAL NOTES.
June
hurgh.
19.

xxi

James the Sixth was born

in the Castle of Edin-

December.

Knox obtained

permission

jfi'om

the General

Assembly

to

proceed to England, having received from the

visit his

English Government a safecondiict, to

two

sons,

who

were residing with some of their mother's

relations.

February
April 24.
;

10.

Henry Lord Darnley was murdered. Both well carried oif Queen Mary to the

1567.

Castle of

Dunbar and their marriage was celebrated on the 15th of May. June 1 5. Both well fled from Carberry-hill to Dunbar and the Queen was brought to Edinburgh, and aftei'wards confined in Lochleven Castle. About the same time, Knox returned
;

from England.
July
29.

At the

King's

Coronation at Stirling,
these words, " I

Knox

preached an inaugural sermon on

young."

was crowned

August
Scotland.

22.

James Earl

of

Murray was appointed Regent of

December 15. Knox preached at the opening of Parliament and on the 20th, the Confession of Faith, which had been framed and approved by Parliament in 1560, Avith various Acts in favour of the Reformed religion, was solemnly ratified.
;

May

2.

adherents,

Queen Mary escaped from Lochleven who had assembled at Langside, being
life

but her 1568.

defeated,

she fled into England, and was imprisoned by Queen Eliza-

beth for the rest of her

having been beheaded at Fother1

ingay on the 8th of February

586-7.

January
lithgow
;

23.

The Earl of Murray was assassinated

his funeral,

at Lin- 1569.

and on occasion of
(Rev. xiv. 18.)

Knox preached
who

a ser-

mon on
Lord."

these words, " Blessed are the dead

die in the

xxii

CHRONOLOGICAL NOTES.
12.
;

1570.

July

Matthew Earl of Lennox was

but was assassinated on the
4tli

elected

Regent of

Scotland
tlie

of September.

On

following day,

John Earl of Mar was chosen Regent.

a stroke of apoj)lexy, but was enabled

October.

Knox had

occasionally to resume his ministerial labours.

1571.

May

5.

The

troubles which then agitated the country inretire

duced Knox to quit the metropolis, and to

to

St.

Andrews.
September.

The news arrived of the massacre

of the Pro-

testants on St. Bartholomew's Eve, 24tli of August, at Paris,

and

in other parts of France.

1572.

July.

On

the cessation of hostilities, at the end of this

month, a deputation from the citizens of Edinburgh was sent

to St. Andrews, with a letter to Knox, expressive of their earnest desire " that once again his voice might be heard

among them."
lished, at St.

He
Mar

returned in August, having this year pubJesuit.

;

Andrews, his Answer to Tyrie the

The Earl
of Scotland.

of

died on the 29tli of October

and James

Earl of Morton, on the 24th of November, was elected Regent

On

the same day, the 24tli of November, having attained

the age of sixty-seven,

Knox

closed " his most laborious

and

most honourable career."

of St. Giles
;

He was

buried in the church-yard

but, as in the case of Calvin, at Geneva,

no monu-

ment was erected to mark the place where he was

interred.

Knox
be

left

a widow, and two sons by his

first

marriage, and

three daughters by the second.

In the concluding volume will

o'iven a genealogical tree, or notices of his descendants.

THE HISTORY

REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

INTRODUCTORY NOTICE TO THE HISTORY.

In the long
Scotland, there
series
is

of events recorded

in

the Annals of

unquestionably none of greater importance

This subject has

than those which exhibit the progress and establishment of

the Reformed Religion in the year 1560.

accordingly called forth in succession a variety of writers of

different

sentiments and persuasions.

Although

in the con-

temporary historians, Lesley, Buchanan, and their successors,

we have more
a
little

or less copious illustrations of that period, yet

examination will

shew that we possess only one

to this great event,

work which bears an exclusive reference

and which has any claims to be regarded as the production Fortunately the writer of the work of an original historian.
alluded to was of
all

persons the best qualified to undertake

such a task, not only from his access to the various sources of
information,

and

his singular

power and

skill

in narrating

events and delineating characters, but also from the circumstance that he himself had a personal and no unimportant

share in most of the transactions of those times, which have

left

the character of his

own mind

so indelibly impressed

on

his country

and

its

institutions.

It is scarcely necessaiy to

subjoin the

name

of

John Knox.

The doubts which were long entertained respecting Knox's

share in the " History of the Reformation," have been satisfactorily explained.

Such passages as were adduced

c

to prove

that he could not have been the author, consist of palpable

VOL.
I.

xxvi
errors

INTRODUCTORY NOTICE
and
interpolations.
tlierefore

Without adverting

to tliese suspi-

cions, Ave

may

attend to the time

when the work was

actually written.

The

necessity of leaving

upon record a

correct account of

their proceedings suggested itself to the Reformers at

an early
his

period of their career, and led to this History being com-

menced

Knox

arrived in Scotland in

May

155.9

and by

presence and counsels, he served to animate and direct their

measures, which were attended with so

letter

much

success.

In a

dated from Edinburgh 23d October that

year, while

alluding to the events which

had taken place during

their

contentions with the Queen Regent and her French auxiliaries,

he uses these words,

" Our

most just requeastes, which ye

onderstand,

shall,

God
which

willing,

schortlie

hereafter

together with

our whole proceeding

ive ai- to sett

from the beginning of this matter,

furth in maner of Historie."

That he had
dated

commenced the work,

Cecil

further appears from a letter,

Edinburgh, 23d September 1560, and addressed to Secretaiy

by the English Ambassador, Randolph,

in

which he

says,

" I

have tawlked at large with Mr. Knox concerning his

Hystorie.

As mykle

as ys written thereof shall be sent to

your Honour, at the comynge of the Lords Embassadours, by

Mr. John Woode.

He

hath wrytten only one Booke.

If

yow

lyke that, he

shall

He

sayethe, that he

continue the same, or adde onie more. must have farther helpe then is to be had

in thys countrie, for

more assured knowledge

of thyngs passed
:

than he hath Inanself, or can come bye here

yt

is

a work

not to be neglected, and greatly washed that yt sholde be well

handled."

Wliether this portion of the work was actually communicated to Cecil at that time,
is

uncertain

as no such manuscript

has been discovered among his papers, either in the British

Museum

or the State

Paper

Office.

It could only

have con-

TO THE HISTORY.
sisted of part of the

xxvii

Second Book

and
as

this portion

remains

veiy

much

in

its

original state,

may

be inferred from

these two passages. ness of the

In July 1559, while exposing "the crafty-

Queen Regent," in desiring a private conference with the Earl of Argyle and Lord James Stewart, with the hope that she might be able to withdraw them from their
confederates,

we

read,

"

And

one of hir cheaf Counsale in

those dayis, {and

&c.

we fear

hut over

imvard with

Mr

yit,) said,"

See i^age 368 of this volume.

This must necessarily

life,

have been written during the Queen Regent's

to

or previously

June 1560.

During the following month,

after noticing the

Earl of Arran's escape from France, and the imprisonment of

his

younger brother. Lord David Hamilton,

it

is

stated, "

For

the same tyme, the said Frensche King, seing he could not

have the Erie him

strait prisoun,

self,

gart put his youngar brother .... in

yitt reinaneis, to witt, in the

quhair he

moneth
In like

of October,

the yeir

of God 1559."

See page 883.

manner, in a

letter of intelligence,

dated at Hamilton, 12th

October 1559, and addressed to Cecil, Randolph says, "Since

Nesbot went from hence, the Duke never liarde out of Fraunce,
oior
vol.

newes of his son the Lord David." (Sadler's State Papers, i. We might have supposed that liis restraint p. 500.)
as he
is

was not of long duration,

left

named among

the hostages

in

England, at the treaty of Berwick,

;

27th February

1559-60

a circumstance of which

Knox

could not have been

ignorant, as he gives a copy of the confimiation of the treaty

by the Duke of Chastelherault and the Lords of the Congregation

;

but

it

appears from one of the articles in the treaty

of peace in July, that Lord

David Hamilton, who was

in France,

still

prisoner at Bois
liberty to return
in October 1560.

de

St.

Vincent,
;

then
at

obtained

to Scotland

and he arrived

Edinburgh

We

are therefore warranted to infer that

liis

this portion of the

Second Book of

History,

must have

been written towards the end of the year 1559.

xxviii

INTRODUCTORY NOTICE
himself in his general Preface, says, the intention was

Knox
to

have limited the period of the History from the year 1558,

until the arrival of

government

in this country, in

Queen Mary from France to assume the August 1561 thus extending
;

the period originally prescribed beyond the actual attainment of the great object at which the Reformers aimed,
in'

the overthrow

of Popish superstition, and the establishment by civil authority

of the Protestant
faith,

which was actually secured by the

us, that

proceedings of the Parliament that met at Edinburgh on the

1st of

August 1560.

But he further informs

he was

persuaded not only to add the First Book as an Introduction,

but to continue the Narrative to a later period.
This plan of

extending the work he carried into

eifect in

the year 1566,

when the First and Fourth Books were chiefly written, and when there is reason to believe that he revised and enlarged
the intermediate portion, at least by dividing
as
it

into

two

parts,

Books Second and Third.

;

The Fourth Book extends

to intimate

to

the year 1564

and he seems

that he himself
;

had no intention
he
his
it

to continue the History to a later period

for alluding to the

death of David Riccio, in March 1565-6,

delay

says,

" of

whom we

now

farther to speik, becaus that

end

will requyre the descri2)tioun of the whole,

to

and

rejerris

unto suche as God sail rayse up

do the same ; " and a mar-

ginal note on this passage, written probably

by Richard Ban-

natyne

in 1571, says " This ves never done he this Authour."

and Fourth Books were composed during the years 1566, 1567, and 1568," and that
"

Dr. M'Crie states, that " the First

some additions were made

to the Fovirth

Book

so late as
is

1571."

The only evidence

in those years,

to

support

this

supposition,

founded upon the circumstance of some marginal notes having

and introduced by subsequent tranWhether the Fifth Book, published by David Buchanan in 1644, was actually written
been added
scribers, as

belonging to the text.

by the Reformer,

will

be considered in the preliminary notice

TO THE HISTORY.
to tliat Book.

xxix

Meanwhile

it

may

be remarked, that the Author

in collecting materials for

liimself whilst occasionally

engaged
felt

a continuation of his Histoiy,

the publication
1
;

the necessity of delaying

and

in a letter addressed to

Mr. John Wood,

4th February 156 7-8, he expresses the resolution he had fomied

of withholding the

work from the public during

his

own

life.

MANUSCRIPT COPIES OF THE HISTORY.

The Manuscript
of the

History of the Reformation which

composition.

has been followed in this edition, fully confirms the preceding statements regarding the period of
also serves to
its

It

shew that no suppressions

alluded
to, in

or alterations

had

been made by his

friends, after his death, in these

is

Four Books.

Such an intention
ling,

letter,

dated from Stir-

6th August 1572, and addressed to Randolph, by George

:

Buchanan

"

As

to

Maister Knox,

his Historie is in hys

freindes handes,

and thai ar

in consultation to mitigat

sum

part

the acerbite of certain wordis, afnd

followit too

sum taunts wherein he has

The Manuscript contains
at
different

muche sum

of your Inglis writaris, as M. Hal. et &c."

suppilatorem ejus Graftone,

Four Books, transcribed by several hands, and

intervals.

Notwithstanding this diversity of hand-writing,

every reason to believe that the most considerable
it is

there

is

part of the volume was written in the year 1566, although

not improbable that in the Second and Third Books a portion

of the original MS. of
1

559

may have been

retained.

The mar-

ginal notes, which specify particular dates, chiefly refer to the

years 1566, or 1567, and they leave no doubt in regard to the

actual period

when the bulk

of the MS. was written, as those

bearing the date 1567 are clearly posterior to the transcription

of the pages where they occur.

Some

of these notes, as well as

a number of minute corrections, are evidently in Knox's

own

XXX

INTRODUCTORY NOTICE
;

but the latter part of Book Fourth could not have been transcribed until the close of the year 1571. This is proved by

hand

the circumstance that the words, " Bot wnto this day, the

December 1571," form an integral part of the text, near the foot of fol. 359, in " The Ressonyng betuix the Maister of Maxwell and John Knox." The whole of this section indeed is written somewhat hastily, like a scroll-copy, probably by
17. OF

Richard Bannatyne, his Secretary, from dictation but whether

;

it

was merely rewritten in 1571, or

first

added in that year

to

complete Book Fourth, must be

left to conjecture.

I.

Manuscript of 1566.

In the Editor's possession.

The accompanying
part of the
first

leaf exhibits

an accurate fac-simile of

page of the

MS

and
i.

it is

worthy of

notice,

that in the

Wodrow
is

Miscellany, vol.

p.

287, a fac-simile of a
&c.," dated 26tli

j)aper entitled "

The Kivkis Testimonial,

De-

cember 1565,

evidently by the same hand.l

It has the signa-

tures of three of the Superintendents, Erskine of Dun,

John

Spottiswood, and

John Wynram,

as well as that of

John Knox.

As

this

was a public document, and was no doubt written

by the Clerk of the General Assembly, we may infer that Knox's amanuensis, in 1566, was either John Gray, who was Scribe or Clerk to the Assembly from 1560 till his death in
1574, or one of the other Scribes
'

whom Knox
253-272;
last set,

mentions, in
fol. 295-309; 359 to the end.
is,

Tliis

early time,

MS. when rebound, at>some was unfortunately too much

fol.

the 14th,
fol.

and the

Its present ragged minute examination, which shews that the volume consists of seventeen sets or quires, each of them, with two exceptions, havmg twenty-two

cut in the edges.

What renders

this the
fii'st

more evident

state suggested a

page of each set rims on continuously from the previous page, as if thei-e was no interruption, the catchword on the last page of these
that while the

or twenty-four leaves.
quires, judging

Six of those

rewritten sets or
of a line,

from the hand-writing and the colom- of the ink, were apparently written somewhat later than the
rest:

quii-es, often stops in the middle of the page, or the beginning

leavmg the

i-est

blank, owing

to the style of writing, or the

matter

viz.,

the 7th set,

fol.

fol.

137-158; the

Uth and 10th,

181-228; the 12th,

contained in these sets having varied from those which they had replaced.

^0^<fhvo
%^Hr

Tfwrf*^

-ipmtO-Jcivna^^^

v^

^^
Pol
^7.t.

;<?

TO THE HISTORY.
Ills

xxxi

interview with Queen Maiy, in 1563, as liaving implicit

confidence in their fidelity.

point
to

But

this is

no veiy important
such

determine, since the Manuscript itself bears

unequivocal proofs of having- passed through the Author's

hands.

Two

short extracts, (corresponding with pages 109

and 115 of
hand.

this volume,) are also selected

on account of the

marginal notes, both of Avhich I think are in Knox's own

Further specimens of such notes or corrections will be

given in the next volume.

blank to allow the form of

At The

fol.

249, four leaves are left

Election of the Supcrintend-

ant" to be inserted

but this can be supplied from either the

copies.

Glasgow MS. or the early printed

this the
is

A more

important

omission would have been the First Book of Discipline, but

MS. fortunately contains,

;

in a

more genuine

state than

elsewhere preserved

and

it

will

form no unimportant addiwritten, as already

tion to the next

volume of the History.

388
folios, chiefly

The volume

consists of

stated, in the year 1566.

No

trace of its earlier possessors

can be discovered

but the

name

of " Mr.

Matthew Reid,
is

Minister of North- Berwick," (from 1692 to 1729,) written on

the

first

page, identifies
1

it

with a notice, which

:

given by the

Editor of the

732 edition

"

There

is

also a complete

MS.
to

copy of the

first

four Books of this History belonging

now

Mr. Gavin Hamilton, Bookseller in Edinburgh, which formerly

belonged to the late Reverend Mr. Matthew Reid, Minister of

the Gospel at North-Berwick the old spelling
is
;

it is

written in a very old hand,

kept,

and

am

informed that
it

it

exactly
collated,

agrees with the Glasgow MS., with which

was

during the time this edition was a printing."

(page

liii.)

This MS., came into the possession of the Rev. John Jamieson, D.D.,

probably long before the publication of his Etymolo-

gical Dictionary in 1808, where

he mentions his having two MSS.

in his

of Knox's History, (this,

list

and the one marked No. VIII.)

of authorities

but neither of them was known, and consc-

xxxii

INTRODUCTORY NOTICE
had never been examined by Dr. M'Crie.

queiitly

At

the sale

of Dr. Jamieson's library in 1839, both

MSS. were purchased

by the

Editor.

In the firm persuasion that this MS. must have been written
not only during the Reformer's
inspection,
it,

life,

but under his immediate

a most unprofor

and that

all

the existing copies were derived from

it

more

or less directly, I should have held

fitable labour to

have collated the other MSS.,

no other

pui-pose than to notice the endless variations, omissions,

and
have

mistakes of later transcribers.

paid too

The reader may think

and
in the

much

regard in this respect to the various readings or

errors in VautroUier's suppressed edition,

Glasgow

Manuscript

but these copies being the only ones referable to

the sixteenth century, are deserving of greater attention than

those of a more recent age, while the variations pointed out frequently serve to
transcripts.

account for the mistakes in the later

But before explaining the manner

has been printed,
it

in

which

this

edition

may

be proper to enumerate the other

to be preserved
;

Manuscripts which are

known

and

may

take this opportunity of expressing to the several Proprietors

my

grateful

acknowledgments

for the free

use of the copies

specified.

II.

Vautr. Edit.

Feinted at London in 1586 or 1587.

is

This edition, described at page xxxix,

representing an

here introduced as

intermediate MS., from which

some of the
Vautrollier

existing copies were apparently derived.

Thomas

the printer, a native of France, came to England in the begin-

ning of Queen Elizabeth's reign.

He

retired to Scotland in

the year 1584, and printed several works at Edinburgh in that and the following year. In 1586, he returned to London,
carrying with

him a manuscript copy

;

of Knox's History, which

before

he put to press

but

all

the copies were seized

the

TO THE HISTORY.
work was completed.
obtained
to
is

xxxiii

The manuscript copy which he had

to be preseiTed
;

not

known
it

but there

is

no reason

doubt that

was taken

directly from the

MS. of 1566.

This appears from the marginal notes and a variety of minute

coincidences, perceptible on collating the printed portion.

We

may

likewise

conclude,

that

from

it

several

of the later

transcripts were taken of the introductory portion,

and the

Fourth Book, to complete the text of the unfinished printed

volume.
III.

MS. G.

In the University Library, Glasgow.

In

folio,

containing 242 leaves, written before the end of the

sixteenth century.
earliest

This MS. was long considered to be the

and most authentic copy of the History, and conseit.

quently no small degree of importance was attached to

Many

years ago, (before I was aware of the existence of the

I obtained,

MS. of 1566,)

through the Rev. Dr. M'Turk, late

but I found that the text was so
1 732,
folio,

Professor of Ecclesiastical History, the use of this Manuscript

for the purj)ose of collation
;

faithfully given in the

Edinburgh edition

with the

single exception of omitting such marginal notes as the

MS.
that

contains, that

an entire collation of the text might only have

exhibited slight occasional changes in orthography.

At

time the MS. formed two volumes, in the old parchment covers,
with uncut leaves
;

it

has since been half-bound in one volume,

and the edges unmercifully crojjped.

At
leaf,

the beginning of the volume there

is

inserted a separate

being the
Jo.

title of

a distinct work, having the signature

of " M.

Knox," in 1581, probably the nephew of the Reformer, who became Minister of Melrose. It has no connexion with the volume in which
to
it

is

preserved

but

it

led

some vague conjectures that the writer of the History

" the

itself

may have been

younger Mr. Knox, seeing the former

died in the year 1572, and the other was alive nine years

xxxiv

INTRODUCTORY NOTICE

after ;" or else, " tliat tlie latter Mr.

Knox had

perfected

tlie

work, pursuant to

tlie

order of

tlie

General Assembly in the

be found in this MS/'^

year 1573 or

157-i, so far as it

was

to

Respecting the time of transcrijition, one minute circumstance

is

worthy of notice

Knox

in one place introduces the words,

"as

may

be, &c.,

m this year 1566,"

the copier has

to

made
is

it,

"in

this year 1586,"

an error not likely

have been comclear-

mitted previously to that year.

But the hand-writing-

ly of a date about 1590, although the Fourth

Book may have

been a few years

earlier.

The absence

of all those peculiar

blunders which occur in Vautrollier's edition, evinces that the

Glasgow MS. was derived from some other source

marginal notes in that edition are a

while the the

sufficient proof that

MS. in question was not the one employed by the English

printer.
It is in fact a tolerably accurate

copy of the MS. of Nearly

1566, with the exception of the marginal notes, and the entire

omission of the First Book of Discipline.

ginal notes in the First

all

the mar;

and Third Books are omitted

and

others having been incorporated with the text, led to the supposition that

Knox

himself had revised the History at a later

period of

life.

This manuscript was presented to the University of Glasgow

by the Rev. Robert Fleming, Minister of a Scotish Congregation in London, and son of the autlior of " The Fulfilling Wodrow communicated to Bishop Nicolof the Scriptures."
son, a collation of the

MS. with Buchanan's

folio

edition of

1644, pointing out

many
title

of his interpolations.

This letter

The following
the

is

the

of a

work on
ferred to

Harmony

of the Gospels,

M
(_J

^. /C^.
C^f
*
i

with a fac-simile of the signature re" In nomine dnj. Nostrj

:

Jesu Chrj. Amio Saliitis humanie 1581. Contextus historite Euangelicis

^^V'HvTvf*!

Secundum

tres

Euaiigelistas

IVIat.

O'

fi

/J

"*
/-

Mar. et Lucam.

Septembi'is 4."

joj

c:^

TO THE HISTORY.
was inserted by Nicolson in
Historical Library.^
tlie

xxxv
to
liis

Appendix

Scotish

IV. MS. A.

(1.)

In the Advocates Libra py.

In

4to, pp. 403.

This MS. was acquired by the Faculty

of Advocates, in 1792, with the mass of Wodrow's

MSS.

It is

very neatly written by Charles Lumisden, whose

partially erased) with the date

name

(but

1643, occurs on the

fly-leaf.

Wodrow was

correct in imagining that the greater jiortion of

the volume was transcribed from Yautrollier's edition, some of

the more glaring typographical errors being corrected

in
fact this

but

copy was made from a previous transcript by

It contains

Lumisden, to be mentioned as No. X. MS. W.

however the Fourth Book of the History

collated

and "Wodrow has the whole very carefully with the Glasgow MS.,
;

and has marked the chief corrections and variations

maroin.

in the

App. No. VI. pp. 358-363.

Nicolson, in giving

Loncl.

1702, 8vo.

some

account of the History, considers the

question of the Authorship, which was

Knox dy'd in 1572; so that nothing could be written by him in 1581. There was one Mr. .John Knox,
that the famed

then reckoned doubtful, and referring

particularly to the Glasgow Manuscript, he says, it " was lately presented to the

who was Moderator of the Synod ot Merse in 1586 who perhaps is Mr.
;

Fleming's true ancestor, as well as the transcriber of this book, and might be
it."

College by Mr. Robert Fleming, a late

preacher at Rotterdam,

now

at London,
;

Mr. Knox's great-gi-andchild who having several of his said ancestor's paper.s
in his hand, pretends to assure them,

one of the assistants in the revising of (lb. p. 192.) These remarks gave considerable offence to Fleming, who an-

swers them, at some length, but without throwing any new light on the subject,
in the prefixce to his " Practical
Di.sIII.

that this vei-y Book is penn'd by the person whose name it commonly bears. For the better proof of this matter he sends them the preface of another book,

course on the Death of King William

&c.," p. xii; Lond. 1702, 8vo.

Flemmg
It is

was not a descendant

ried Knox's daughter;

of Knox.

written in the same hand, wherein are

these words:
tri

indeed true that his grandfather mar-

'/k nomine Dundni Nos4"-,

but his father

Je^u Chrhti, ^c, Heptemhris

Knox, Amjmt 18,^- 1.581.' might indeed have been some strength in this evidence, were we not assur'd
Jo.

M. There

was the

issue of a subsequent marriage.

These facts are plainly stated in a letter from R. Fleming to Wodrow, dated at London, on the 6th of June 1702.

xxxvi

INTRODUCTORY NOTICE

V. MS. A.

(2.)

In the Advocates Library.

tlie

In

folio.

This volume also belonged to

is

Wodrow
is

col-

lection.

It

written in a very careless, slovenly manner,

after the year 1 639,

by one Thomas Wood

and

scarcely
it

entitled to be reckoned in the

number
title

of the MSS., as

omits
called

large portions.
"

Thus, on the

of

Book Fourth,

it is

Collection from the Fourth Book," &c.

VI. MS. E.

In the University Library, Edinburgh.

leaves, written in

In

folio,

143

about the year 1635. It

an ordinary hand, apparently contains the Four Books, and includes

;

both the First and Second Books of Discipline

all

but

it

omits

the marginal notes, and displays very

little

accuracy on

the part of the transcriber.

It is in fact a transcript

from the

identical copy of Vautrollier's edition, described as No. XIII.,

from

its

adopting the various marginal corrections and emen-

dations on the printed portions of that copy.

VII. MS.

I.

In the possession of David Irving, LL. D.

in a neat
;

In
It

folio,

266 leaves, written

hand, and dated 164L

contains the Four Books

it

but, like the three preceding

MSS.,

may

without doubt be regarded as a transcript from

Vautrollier's edition, with the addition of

Book Fourth

of the

History.

It also contains

both the First and Second Books of

Discipline, copied from Calderw^ood's printed edition of 1621,

with such minute

fidelity,

as even to

add the

list

of typogra-

phical " Errata" at the end, with the references to the page

and

line of that edition.

VIII. MS. L.

(2.)

In the Editor's possession.

1

In
1630.

folio,

80 leaves, written probaljly between

620 and

It

wants several leaves at the beginning, and breaks

TO THE HISTORY.
off

xxxvii

with the Third Book, adding the Acts of Parliament against

It formerly

the Mass, Sec, passed in 1560.

belonged to the

Rev. Dr. Jamieson, and was purchased at his sale in 1839.

press-marks on the
tion to
"
a.

The
and
it

fly leaf

may

probably identify the collec-

which

it

formerly belonged,

"2 H.

16.

Hist. 51,"

66."

Notwithstanding a MS. note by Dr. Jamieson,

is

a transcript of no value, corresponding in most

Vautrollier
s edition.

points with

IX. MS. N.

In the Library at Newtondon.

This
is

In
it

folio, pp.

387.

a MS. of

still less

importance, but

serves to

show the
leaf,

rarity of Vautrollier's printed edition,

previously to the appearance of Buchanan's editions in 1644.

On

the

first

the celebrated covenanting Earl of Glen-

cairne has written,

" This
is

the copie of Johne

Knox

his Chronicle, coppiede in

the yeere of
It
is

God

1643.

Glencairne."

in fact a literal transcript

;

from a defective copy of

the old suppressed edition

156, 157,

as the blanks in the

off,

MS.

at pages

and pages 166, 167, which break

or

commence

at

the middle of a sentence, would be completely supplied by

pages 225, 226, and pages 239, 240, of Vautrollier's text.

At page

347, only the heads of the Confession of Faith are

inserted, " but (it is added) yce shall find in the first Parliament of

them fullie set downe King James the Sext, holdcn at Edinburgh the 15 of December 1567, by James Earle of Murray, Regent to this Realme." This MS. ends with page 546 of the printed copy and after
;

the words

"

would

not suffer this

corrupt

generation to apof Discipline,

prove," instead of

commencing with the Book

is

from page 547, there

added,

"And
it

because the luhole Booke

of Discipline, both First and Secund,

selfe

is

sensyne printed by the

heere,

in one Booke,
to the

cease to insert

and

referres the

reader

said booke.

Finis."

xxxviii

INTRODUCTORY NOTICE

X.

MS. W.

In the possession of Richard Whytock, Esq.,

Edinburgh.
In
4to,

pp. 452,

not perfect.

It

is

in

the liand-writing

of Charles Lumisden, of Duddingstone,

First,

who succeeded

his father as Minister

and who, during the reign of Charles the

in transcribing.
It is

was much employed

unquestion-

ably copied from Vautrollier's printed edition, but

many

of the

palpable mistakes have been corrected, and the orthography

imj^roved.

In general the marginal notes are retained, while from David Buchanan's printed

some
at

others, apparently derived

text, are

added

in a diiferent hand.
off

Like Vautrollier's edition,

first

page 560, this MS. breaks

at the

with the

portion of the

Book of Discipline,

end of Book Third of the History.

Such are the Manuscript copies of Knox's History which

are

known

to be j)reserved.

There are however

still

existing

detached portions of the History, made with the view of completing the defective j)arts of Vautrollier's edition
;

and these

may

also

be briefly indicated.

XI. MS.
MS., in

CIn the Library of the Church of Scotland.

was purchased by the General Assembly
of the

This

folio,

in 1737,

from the

executors
in the old

Rev. Matthew
cover,

volume

is

parchment
first

of " Alex. Colvill" on the

page.

The and has the autograph But it contains only the

Crawfurd.

preliminary leaves of the text, and the concluding portion of

the First Book of Discipline, (the previous portion being oddly

copied at the end of

in the

it ;) and Book Fourth of the History, all hand of a Dutch amanuensis, about 1640, for the pur-

pose of supplying the imperfections of the suppressed edition.

XII.

MS. M.

In

a copy of Vautrollier's edition, which

is

belonged to the Rev. Dr. M'Crie, and

of his son, the Rev.

now

in the possession

Thomas

M'Crie,

the same portions are

TO THE HISTORY.
supplied in

xxxix

an early hand, containing eight leaves at the

beginning,

and ninety-nine at the end, along with a rude ornamented title, and a portrait of Knox, copied by some unpractised hand from one of the old engravings. It contains
several of the paragraphs in

the concluding portion of the First Book of Discipline, but

Book Fourth

of the History are

abridged or omitted.
XIII. MS. L.
(3.)

A copy of the
It is

same volume, with these

First

portions similarly supplied,

and including both the

and

Second Books of Discipline, appeared at the

Faton's Library, in 1809.

sale of

George

now

in the Editor's possession.

number of the

errors in j^'inting

have been carefully cor;

rected on the margin, in an old are written in the

Avork,

hand and the MS. portions same hand with No. VI. MS. E. of the entire
transcribed from this identical copy.

which

is literally

XIV. and XV. MSS. L. (4 and 5.) I have also a separate Book Fourth, in folio, 44 leaves, written about and another portion, in small 8vo, written in the year 1 640
transcript of
;

still

older hand, for the purpose of being

bound with the

supjjressed edition.

PRINTED EDITIONS OF THE HISTORY.

Vautrollier's unfinished

and suppressed

edition, in

1586 or

1587, has already been noticed at page xxxii.

edition

The

fate of this

History:

"February 1586.
;

is

thus recorded by Calderwood,

in

his larger

MS.

Vauttrollier the printer took with

him a

cojiy of

Mr. Knox's History to England, and printed

the Stationers, at the Archbishoij's
of February [1586-7]
;

twelve hundred of them

command,

seized

them the 18
it

it

was
in

thought that he would get leave

Council perceived that

to proceed again, because the

would bring the Queen of Scots

xl

INTRODUCTORY NOTICE
The execution
prevented
of tlie unfortunate Queen, which

detestation."

followed so soon after, or the death of the Printer himself, in

1588,

may have
come

its

completion.

speedily

into circulation in its imfinished state.

But copies had Thus

Dr. (afterwards Archbishop) Bancroft,

this suppressed edition, says,

you meete with the Historic of the Church of Scotland, penned by Maister Knox, and printed by Vautrouillier reade the pages quoted here in (A Survay of the pretended Holy Discipline, the margent."
" If euer
:

who

frequently quotes

&c.

Imprinted at London, by lohn Wolfe, 1593,

4to, p. 48.)

most inaccurately printed.l This may have been partly owing to the state of the MS. which he had procured in Scotland, as well as to haste in printing, and ignorance of the names
It is

of persons and places which occur in the work.

^

In the foot-notes, the errors and

146. the Queen's daughter

mistakes in Vautrollier's edition are occasionally pointed out. A sample of

them may here be brought together

P. 40.

Aue hes
of

tuit

aue spurtUl.

41. priests

whordome

trystis

of

169. should be should not 170. Scotish preachers Scotish prikers. 177, scarcenesse scarmishing.
be.

the Queen Dowager. 149. Langundrie Langnidrie. the Gimnar's. 166. the Gouernoures

whoredome.
44.

Andrewe Balsone

Balfour.
Lemax

180.

some drunken beare, "which laye

the saudes chappell and church

in

52. Baltlewich, Lyniltquilk,

some drynkin bear, which lay

the syidis Chappell and Kirk.
182.

in

Balcleuch, Lynlithgow, Levenax.

54. the time thereof 55.

the teind thereof

paying such losses

teinds.

paying

such

62. Earle of gleuearne

Earle of Glen-

carne.
78. appoints

oppones.
to.

were not pressed. Sibbald. 187. and his other William and his other villany. 192. Lordes Maxwell flying Lords
were pressed
for

186. Silbard

for

97. the Cardinal skipped

the

Maxwell, Fleming.
Cardi195.

WilbockWillock.

nal scripped.

199. Meruses

given 116. inversion intercession. 122. entracted entreated. 142. euduer him cummer him.
113. taken fi-om 143. receiving of limes

200. hearie

Mernes. Harie.
and common
civile

226, according to comely

and staues

re-

ceiving of lime and stanes.

ib.

in great
ber.

144. cryed I
I

in no great numam Leslie a priest cryed,

number

according to the and cannon lawes. 249. auow your graces hart move your Graces heart. 280, Ancheddirdour Auchterarder. 281, should be should not 301, estates of our religion estates of
lawes
be.

am

a priest.

our realme.

TO THE HISTORY.

xli

The following

is

fac-siniile rei^rint of

the

first

page, which
:

corresponds with pages 10-11 of the present volume

CHVllCH OF SCOTLAND.

17

BY THESE ARTICLES

which God of

his mercifull prouidence caufeth the enemies of his

truth to keepe intheir regifters maye appeare how mercifully God hath looked vppon this realme,retayning within it fome fparke of his light, euen in

thetimeofgreateftdarknes. Neither oughtanymii to wonder albeit that fome things be obfcurely and fomethingesdoubtfullyfpoken.Butratheroughtal faithfull to magnifie Gods mercy who without publike doctrine gaue fo great light And further we ought to confuler that feeing that the enemies of Tefus Chrifte gathered the forefaide articles there vppon to accufe the perfones aforefaide, that they woulde depraue the meaninge of Gods feruauntes fo farve as they coulde , as we doubt not but they
.

haue done,intheheadsof excommunication,fwearing and of matrimony In the which it is no doubt but the feruaunts of God did damnethe abufe onelye, and not the right ordinance of God for who knowes not that excommunication in tliefe dayes was altogeather abufed? Thatfw earing aboundeth without punifhment or remorfeofconfcience: And that diuorcementes was made , for fuch caufes as worldly men had inuented: but to our hiflory Albeit that the accufation of the Bifhop and of his complices was very grieuous , yet God fo aflifted
:
:

his feruauntes partly by incliningthe kinges heart

them were his great fam iliars) and partly by giuing bold and godly aun fwers to their accufators , that the enemies in the ende were fruftrate of their purpofe. Forwhile the Bifhop in mockage faideto Adam readeof blafpheming,read beleeue ye thatGodisinheauen? heanI'wered NotasI do the lacramentes feuen whereat thebilhop thinking to haue triumphed faid: Sirloe
to gentlenes (for diuerfe of
:

VOL.

I.

xlii

INTRODUCTORY NOTICE
is

Vautrollier's edition

a small 8vo, commencing with signaoff witli

5tli

ture B, page 17, 560, or near

Discipline,
tlie

and breaking

signature

Mm, page

beginning of the

chapter of the Book of

which Knox has introduced at the conclusion of

of his History.

Book Third

Copies of this volume in fine con-

dition are of rare occurrence.

The edition of the History published at London by David Buchanan in 1644, and reprinted at Edinburgh in the same year, in all probability under his own insj)ection, will be more
particularly noticed in the following volume.
It

might perhave

haps have been well had this publication been actually prohibited, as Miltonl seems to indicate

was not unlikely

to

taken place.

So much use at

unwarrantable liberties

had been made of the taken by the Editor, in altering and

least

adding passages, as
tlie

for a length of

time to throw discredit on

whole work.
length

At

there appeared the very accurate edition, pubw^itli

lished at Edinburgh 1732,

a Life of the author, by the

Rev. Matthew Crawfurd.

Besides this and the two editions

published in a more popular form by William M'Gavin, at

Glasgow, there are numerous modernized and sjjurious republications,

all

of

them taken from Buchanan's

;

interpolated
with every low

See " Areopagitica

Printing,"

a Speech of
to

JMr.

Spirit,) yet, not stuting

John Milton
licens'd

for the Liberty of

Unthe

decrepit
it

humour

of theii- own,

addressed

were Knox

himself, the

though Reformer

4to.

Parliament of England, London, 1644, In arguing against the abuses committed by licensers of the Press, he says, " Nay, which is more lamentable, if the

of a Kingdom, that spake it, they will not pardon him their dash the sense of that great man shall to all posterity be
:

lost

for the fearfuhiess,

or the pre-

work

of any deceased Autlior, though

lifetime,

never so famous in his

and

even to this day, come to their hands for license to be printed or reprinted, if
there be found in his book one sentence
of a venturous
edge,

sumptuous rashnesse of a prefunctory hcencer. And to what an Author this violence hath bra lately done, and in what book of gi-eatest consequence to
be faithfully publisht, I could
stance, but shall

now

in-

uttered in the

forbear

till

a more

height of zeal, (and

it

who knows whether might not be the dictate of a divine

convenient season."

(page

22.)

TO THE HISTORY.
editions,

xliii

and published

at Edinburgh, Glasgow,

and Dundee,

between the years 1731 and 1832.

both Calderwood,
the work, and Spottiswood,
its

Even

at

an early period,

who has made such copious extracts from who expressed his doubts respecting

authorship, appear to have employed Vautrollier's inaccurate

edition.
care,

The necessity of publishing the work with greater

in its

and

most genuine form,

will tlierefore

be readily

admitted.

The

acquisition of the Manuscript

this, to

of 1566, has

enabled the Editor to accomplish

a certain extent, by

presenting the text of the History in the precise form " wherein

he hath continued and perfectly ended at the year of God

1564," according to the declaration

made

to the first General

Assembly which met

follow, I

after his death.

it

have adhered to

Having such a MS. to with much more scru2)ulous accuthan otherwise might have
indeed, the language
first sight,
it

racy, in regard to the orthography, i

been deemed advisable.

At

may
to

appear somewhat uncouth, and

;

may

require a Glossary

be subjoined

but

it

was of

essential imj)ortance that the

work should be published

in its original form, with the Author's

own marginal

notes and reflections, as the genuine production

of the great Scotish

Reformer.
in
collecting infor-

The labour bestowed by the Author

of these transactions, rendered
it

mation, with the desire of giving a true and faithful History

also desirable that

more than

ordinary care should be bestowed in illustrating his narrative.

For this purpose, I have taken considerable pains to identify

the persons and places mentioned in the course of this Histoiy.

Knox
*

himself,

on more than one occasion,

MS.
of 15G6, 1 have

states, that while

In following the

the
for

MS.
can,

discarded

and generally avoided the old form of using u and w for r, or v for u ; i for j. In
all contractions,

as Jde for he, on for one, cane don for done, are printed in
;

the usual form

grapliy of the

]\1S.

but indeed the orthois very irregular,

order to avoid distracting the attention of an ordinary reader, such words in

and might have

innovations.

justified

much

greater

xliv

INTRODUCTORY NOTICE TO THE HISTORY.

facts, lie

he was careful in relating

was no obseiTer of times

to

and

seasons, in other words, that

dates.
It

he made no pretensions to

minute accuracy in
devote particular
dates,

became the more necessary

documents

attention, either to confirm or correct his

to contemporary
;

by reference

and no source

that was accessible has been overlooked, although I

sensible that I

am

fully

may have

failed in

making

suitable use of the

information thus obtained.

have at

least

endeavoured to

avoid cumbering the page with notes, unless where they seemed
necessary to illustrate the text
;

and

I consider

no apology

to

be required for the Articles inserted in the Appendix.

THE FIRST BOOKE OF THE HISTORY OF THE REFORMATIOUN OF RELIGIOUN WITHIN THE REALME OF SCOTLAND: CONTEANYNO THE MANER AND BY WHAT PERSONS THE LIGHT OF CHRISTIS EVANGELL HATH BENE MANIFESTED UNTO THIS REALME, AFTER THAT HORRIBLE AND UNIVERSALE DEFECTIOUN FROM THE TREWTH, WHICH HES CUME BY THE MEANES OF THAT ROMANE ANTICHRIST.

VOL.

I.

THE PREFACE.
TO

THE GENTILL READAR, GRACE AND PEACE FROME GOD THE FATHER OF OUR LORD JESUS CHRIST, WITH THE PERPETUALL
ENCREASE OF THE HOLY SPREIT.i
not unknowen, Cliristeane Reader,

It

is

tliat tlie

same clud^ of
under this

ignorance, that long hath darkened

many

reahiies

accurssed kingdome of that

Romane
;

Antichrist, hath also ower-

covered this poore Realme

that idolatrie^ hath bein

manand

teined, the bloode of innocentis hath

bene sched, and Christ

detested,

Jesus his eternall treutli hath bene abhorred,

blasphemed.

But that same God

that caused light to schyne

out of darknes, in the multitud of his mercyes, hath of long

tjiwe opened the eis^ of

some evin within

this

Realme, to see
for

the vanitie of that which then was universally embrased

trew religioun

and

lies

gevin unto them strenth to oppone

:

thame

selhs unto the

dayis,

same

and now,

into these our last

and
disall

moist corrupt

hath maid his treuth so to triumphe

hipochrisye
is is

amonges
closed,

us,

that,

in despyte of Sathan,

and the trew wyrschipping of God

manifested to

the inhabitantis of this realme whose eis^ Sathan blyndis not,

eyther by thair fylthy lustes, or

tiable

ellis

by ambitioun, and
to the

insa-

covetousnes, which

mack them repung

power of

God working by his worde. And becaus we ar not ignorant what

diverse bruittis

war

dispersed of us, the professoures of Jesus Christ within this

This Preface
of

'

is

not contained in

'^

In
In

MS. G,
I,

either

the editions by David

Bu-

'
'

In MS.

" cloudc." " whaiiby idolatrie."

" eyis."
*

clianan of the History printed in 1G44.

MS. G,

lb.

4
realme, in
tlie

THE PREFACE TO
begynnyng
of our interprise, ordour

was tackin,
;

that

all

our proceiclingis should be committed to register

as

that thei Avar,

by such as then paynfullie

;

travailledl boith

by

toung and pen

will appeir,)

and

so

was

collected a just volume, (as after

conteanyng thingis done frome the fyftie-awght^

till

year of God,

the arrivall of the Quenis Majestie furth of

France,^ with the which the Collectour and Writtar for that

tyme was
the

content,

vailled in that

and never mynded kynd of writting.^ But,

further to have traafter invocatioun of

name

of God, and after consultatioun with some faythto

full,s

what was thought by thame expedient

glorie,

advance

Goddis

and

to edifie this present generatioun,

and the

posteritie to come, it

was concluded, that

faythfull rehersall
insti-u-

should be maid of such personages as

God had maid

mentis of his
abuses,

by opponyng of thame selfis to manifest and, albeit thare be no superstitioun, and idolatrie
glorie,
;

great nomber, yet ar thei

mo

then the Collectour wold have

is

looked for at the begynnyng, and thairfoir

the volume some

yit,

what enlarged abuif

gynnyng,

his

expectatioun
all

And

in the be-

mon we

crave of

the gentill Readaris, not to

all

look of us such ane History as shall expresse

thingis that

have occurred within this Realme, during the tyme of this

terrible conflict that lies

bene betuix the sanctes of God and

to

these bloody wolves

clargie,

who clame

thame

selves the

titill
;

of

and

to

have authoritie ower the saules of

men
it

for

with the Pollicey,^

mynd we
it.

to meddill

no further then
albeit

hath

Religioun mixed with

thingis which
1

And

thairfoir
yit,

that

many
we

wer don be omitted,

yf we invent no

leys,

In the MS.
Tliat
is,

" trawalled."

the year 1558.

^ Mary Queen of Scots arrived from France on the 19th of August 1561. *

bably revised and enlarged, to form Books Second and Third, when this introductory Book was added in 1566.
^

This phrase was not

10.

uncommon
I.

The author's

original intention, as

see page

But MS.

makes

it,

here stated, was, that the History should

merely embrace the limited period from 1558 to 1561. That portion was pro-

" some faythfull brethreue, concerning that which was thought."

**

That

is,

the Civil Policy.

THE GENTILL READAR.

think our selves blaniless in that behalf.

Of one other
is,

[thing]

we mon
tialitie

foirwarne the discreat Readaris, which

that thei be

not oiFended that the sempill treuth be spokin without par;

for seing that of

men we

neyther hunt for reward, nor

yitt for

vanel

glorie,

we

litill

pass by the approbatioun of such

of his workis.

as seldome judge weill of

thairfoir the

God and

Lett not

Readar wonder,

albeit that our style vary

speik diverslie of men, according as thei have declared

selves

and thame

sometymes ennemyes and sometymes sometymes

cold,

freindis,

sometymes

feiTent,

sometymes constant, and sometymes

:

changeable in the cause of God and of his holy religioun

in this our simplicitie,

for,

we

suppoise that the Godlie shall espy

our purpose, which

schawin,
full

is,

that

God may be

praised for his mercy

this present age

may

be admonished to be thank-

for

Goddis benefittis
instructed

ofFerred,

and the

posteritie to

cum

may be

how

wonderouslie hath the light of Christ

Jesus prevailled against darkness in this last and most cor-

rupted age.

HISTORLE INITIUM.2
In the
is

Scrollis of

Glasgw

is

found mentioun of one whais name

not expressed,^ that, in the year of

;^

God

1422, was burnt for

heresye

bot what war his opinionis, or by what ordour he

'

In the

MS. " wane."

occurs as a marginal note

abbreviation of
or Somebody, a

Non

nemo,

i.

e. aliquis,

"

This

title

in the
'

MS.

mode adopted from the Canon Law, when the name of a person was not ascertained,
''

In the MS. it was originally written " mentioun of one N.," the words, " whais name is not expressed," being
afterwards added on the margin.
letter N.,
it

From

chanan's text,

the collation of David Buit will be seen that he

The

may

be observed, was an

has here inserted the words "One whose name was James Resby, an Englishman

THE HISTORY OF
it

Book

I.

was condemiJiied,
nikilles
First,

appearis not

evidentlie.

But our Cro-

mack mentioun,

tliat in tlie

dayis of

King James the

about the year of

God

1431, was deprehended in the

Universitie of Sanctandrose, one

named

Paull Craw,^ a Bo-

hame,^ who was accused of heresye befoir such as then war

called Doctouris of Theologie.
cipally e, that

His accusatioun consisted printhat the substance of

he followed Johnne Husse and Wycldeif, in the

opinioun of the sacrament,

braid and

who denyed
of
to preastis

wyn war changed be vertew

maid
Whill that

any wourdis
;

or that

confessioun should be
sanctes departed.
resist

or yitt prayeris to

God geve unto him

(for

grace to

thame, and not to consent to thair impietie, he was

to the

committed
Pilat,

secular judge,

our bischoppis follow

who

boith did condempne, and also wesche''' his liandis,)

;

who condempned him to the fyi-e in the quhilk he was consumed in the said citie of Sanctandrose, about the time afoir writtin. And to declair thame selvis to be the generatioun of Sathan, who, from the begynnyng, hath bein ennemy to the treuth, and he that desyrith the same to be hyd frome the
knowledge of men, thei putt a
ball of brass in his

mouth, to

the end that he should nott geve confessioun of his fayth to the
people, neyther yit that thei should understand the defence

which he had against thair

natioun.

injust accusatioun

and condem-

Bot that thair fatheris practise did nott greatlie advance

thair

kingdome of darknes, nether

:

yit

was

it

able utterlie to

extingueise the trewth

For

albeit, that in

the dayis of Kingis

by birth, schollar to Wickliff he was accused as a hereticke, by one Laurence

:

tices will

be given of Resby and other

Lollards in Scotland, during the 15th

Lindores,"

&c.

Buchanan overlooks

century.

the circumstance that Resby suffered

martyrdom

at Perth, fifteen years be-

calls

fore the person referred to

by Knox.

See Appendix, No.

I.,

" Interpolations in

In

Knox's History by David Buchanan." the Appendix, Nv). II., some no-

Bower, the continuator of Fordun, him Paul Crawar, and fixes the date of his execution on the 2od of July 1 433. (See Appendix No. IL) ^ In MSS. G, A, &c., "a Bohemian." " In the MS. " wach."
^

1494.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

tlie

James
giouii

Secund and

Tlirid,

moved within

this

we fynd small questioun of reliRealme, yit in the tyme of Kingand in the

James the

Fourt, in the saxt year of his reigne,

twenty-twa yeir of his age, which was in the year of God 1494,

war summoned
of

bcfoir the

King and

his Great Counsell,

Robert Blackedar called Archebischope of Glasgw,i the

tlirett}'^

by nomber
in

pcrsonis,

remanyng some

in Kyle-Stewart,
;2

some

Kingis-Kyile, and

some in Cunyghame

amonges whome,^
of Barskymming,
of Polkemmate,

George Campbell of Sesnok,

Adame Reid

Johne Campbell of

New

Mylnes, Andro

Shaw

Helen Chalmour Lady

*

Pokillie,^

[Marion]^ Chalmours Lady

on
the

June

Robert Blackader, on the 5tli of styled Prebendary of J 480, was

tlie

Kyle-Stewart
rivtr.
p. 446.)
3

north

of

the
iii.

(Chalmers's

Caledonia, vol.

Cardross, in

Catliedral Churcli of

Glasgow. (Registrum Episcopatus Glasguensis, p. 443.)

In the MS., a blank space had been

On

the 23d of that

left for

month,

he

sat

among

the

Council, as Bishop elect which seems to discredit the statement of Keith and other writers, of his having been consecrated at R(mie by Pope Sixtus IV., upon the death of Bishop Spens. (Registrum Episcopatus Aberdonensis, Mr. Innes's Preface, page xlii. note.) Blackader, however, was mucli employed in public negotiations with England and other countries. He was
translated to the See of Glasgow, pre-

Lords of of Aberdeen,

rently added at a

these names, which were appasomewhat later period,

The escape

of John Campbell of Cesnock at this time is taken notice of by Alexander Alesius in his Letter to James Fifth, see Appendix No. IL
* Mure of Polkellie, the title of Lady being given by courtesy. From a detailed genealogical account of the family of Chalmers of Gadgirth in Ayrshire,

inserted in the Appendix

to

Nisbet's

Heraldry,

vol,

i.,

we

find

that

John

Chalmers,
styled son

in a charter

dated 1491, was

viously to February 1484

his Episcopate, that
into

during ; and See was erected

of Galdgii-th

an Archbishopric. As stated in a following page, Blackader died on the See page 12, 28th of July 1508.
^

Tlie shire of

Ayr

in

former times

and heir of Sir John Chalmers and that one of his daughters, Margaret, was married to George and another, Campbell of Cesnock Helen, to Robert Mure of Polkellie. A third daughter is mentioned in the
; ;

was

locally divided into the three dis-

following note,
^

tricts of Carrick,

Kyle, and Cunningdistricts are

still

The baptismal name

of

Lady

St.air

ham

and those

re-

is left

tained,
judicial

but without any

distinction.

political

or

blank in the MS., and Calderwood, who copied from Knox, inserted
letter

Kyle was the central district, between the rivers Doon and Irvine and was subdivided into two sections, by the river Ayr, King's-Kyle lying on the south, and
;

tlie

N,, to indicate this; wliile

Uavid Buchanan supplied the

of

name

the supposition that Knox himself had so written it, Professor Forbes, in noticing the Lord PreIsabella.

On

8
Stairs

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

These war called the Lolardis of Kyle.

Thei war

accused of the Articles following, as

furth of the Register ^ of Glasgw.

we have receaved thame

I.

First,

That Images ar not

to

be had, nor yitt to be

wirschepped.
II,

That the Reliques of Sanctes are not

to be wirschepped. to

HI.

That Lawis and Ordinances of men vary frome tyme

tyme, and that by the Pape.

IV.

That

it

is

not lauchfull to

feglit,

or to defend the

fayth.

(We

translait according to the barbarousnes of thair

Latine and dictament.'^)

V.

That Christ gave power to Petir

onlie,

and not to

his

successouris, to
VI.

bynd and lowse within the

Kyi'k.

That Christ ordeyned no Preastis to consecrat.

VII. That after the consecratioun in the Messe, thare remanes braid ^ and that thair is nott the naturall body of
;

Christ.
VIII.

That teythes aught not to be given to

Ecclesiasticall

men,
IX.

(as thei

war then

called.)

That Christ

at his

cuming has tackin away power from

Kingis to judge.^

(This article

we dowbt not

to be the venne-

mouse accusatioun of the ennemyes, whose

practise has ever

bene to mack the doctrin of Jesus Christ suspect to Kingis

sident Stair's descent from one of the
"

This " Register," and " the Scrollis"

Official

Lollards of Kyle, says, "

hath mistaken the ; writings in the Earl of Stair's hand, it appears she was called Marion Chalmors, daughter to Mr. John Chalmers of
Gadgirth, whose good family was very
steady in the matters of religion."

The Historian Lady's name for, by

referred to in the former page, were

probably the Court-books of the

of Glasgow, an office usually held

by

one of tlie Canons of the diocese. But no registers of the kind are known to
be preserved.
^

xhe
and

additions to Articles 4, 8, 9,
31, included within a paren-

(Journal of Decisions, &c.,

1714,
bet,
folio.)

p. 29,

Edinb.

19,

On the other hand, in the

thesis, are evidently

"

comments by Knox,

pedigree of the Gadgirth family, in Nisto

In MSS. G, A, &c., " bread."

William Dalrymple of Stair is said have married Isabella Chalmers.

That

is,

to

judge in matters of di-

vine worship.

1494.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

rewllaris, as that

and

God

thairby wold depose tliame of

tliair

royall seattis, wliare

power of

by tlie contrair, nothing confemies the magistratis more then dois Goddis wourd. But to

the Articles.)
X.

That everie faythfuU

man

or

woman

is

a preast.

XL That the imctioiin of Kingis ceassed at the cimiing of

Christ.
XII.

That the Paj^e

is

not the successoiir of Petir, but whare

Satlian." his

he

said, "
XIII.

Go behynd me,

That the Pape deceavis the people by That the Messe

BuUes and

his Indulgenses.
XIV.

profiteth not the soules that ar in

purgatoiye.
XV.

That the Pape and the bischoppis deceave the people

by thare pardonis.
XVI.

That Indulgenses aught not to be granted to feght

against the Saracenes.

XVII.

That the Pape

exaltis

him

self against

God, and

abuf God.
XVIII.

That the Pape can nott remitt the panes of pur-

gatoiye.
XIX.

That the blessingis of the Bischoppis (of

have bein
stilled) ar of

dum
is

doggis

thei should

non valew.
not to be

XX.
feared.

That the excommunicatioun of the Kirk

XXI.
XXII.

That in

to

no case

is it

lauchfuU to swear.
wieffis,

That Preastis myclit have

according to the

constitutioun of the law.

XXIII.

That trew Christianes reccave the body of Jesus

Christ everie day.

XXIV.

That

after

matrimonye be contracted, the Kyrk may

mack no divorcement.
XXV. That excommunicatioun Innidis nott.
XXVI. That the

Pape

forgevis not synnes, hot only God.

10
XXVII.
XXVIII.

THE HISTORY OF
That
faytli sliould

Book

I.

not be gevin to miracules.

That we should not pray to the glorious Virgyn

pray
in the

Marie, butt to
XXIX.

God only. That we ar na mair bound we

ar nott

to

Kirk then

in other plaices.

XXX. That

bound

to beleve all that the Doctouris

of the Kyi"k have writtin.

XXXI.

That such as wirscliep the Sacrament of the Kyrk

(We

suppoise thei

ment the Sacrament

is

of the altar) committis

idolatrie.

XXXII.
XXXIII.

That the Pape

the head of the

Kyrk

of Antichrist.

That the Pape and his ministeris ar murtheraris.

XXXIV. That thei which ar called principallis in the Church,

ar thevis and robbaris.

By

these Articles,^ which

God

of his merej^ull providence

caused the ennemies of his trewth to keip in thare Registeris,

may

appeir

how

mercyfullie
it

God hath looked upoun

Nether yit awght any
all faythfull to

this

Realme, reteanyng within

some sponk of

his light, evin in

the tyme of grettast darkness.

man

to

wonder, albeit that some thingis be obscurly, and some thingis

scabruslie spokin
;2

but rather awght

magnifye
light.

Goddis mercy, who without publict doctrin gave so great

And
to

farther,

we awght

to considder, that seing that the enne-

mies of Jesus Christ gathered the foirsaid Articles, thairupoun

accuse the personis foirsaid, that thei wold deprave the
of Goddis servandis so far as thei could
;

meanyng
SAvearing,

as

we dowbt
no dowbt
till

not bot thei have done, in the headis of Excommunicatioun,

and of Matrimonye.

In the which
been
eitlier

it

is

'

VautrouUier's suppressed edition of

sign.

delayed at press

the

the History commences, on

B.,

page 1 7, with these three words. The previous sheet, or 16 liages, containing
title and preface, had no doubt been set up. but the sheet may have

the

volume was completed, or all the copies carried off and destroyed when the book was prohibited. In Vautr. edit., and MSS. G, A,
"^

^c,

" doubtfully spoken."

1494.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

11

but the servandis of

the lycht ordinance of

God did dampne the abuse only, and not God for who knowes not, that Excom; !

municatioun in these dayis was altogether aluised

That
causes

Swearing- abounded without punishment, or remorse of conscience

!

as worldly

And that Divorsementis war maid for such men had invented But to our History.
!

Albeit that the accusatioun of the Bischop and his complices

was verray grevouse,

yitt

God

so assisted his servandis, partly

(for

be inclineing the Kingis hart to gentilness,

diverse of

thame war
end war

his great familiaris,)

and partly by geving bold and

For whill the Bischop, in
" Reid, Beleve

godly answeris to thair accusatouris, that the ennemies in the

frustrat of thair purpoise.

mocking, said to

Adam

Reid of Barskemjmg,!

ye that God

is

in heavin ?"

He

answered, " Not as I do the

Sacramentis sevin."

Wliairat the

Bischop thinking to have

is

triumphed, said, " Sir, Lo,

Wliairat the

he denyes that God

said,

in heavin."

King wondering,
cliurle

"

Adam

Reid, what say

ye

?"

The other answered,

" I

" Please

your Grace to heir the

thairwith he turned to

end betuix the

thinkis, that
is

and me."

And

the Bischope, and said,

nether think nor beleve, as thou

;

God

is

in heavin

but I

am most

assured, that he

not only in the heavin, bot also in the earth.

Bott thou

' In this place, the ^IS. has " Basqueming," and VautroulHer's edition makes it " Adam reade of blaspheming." Adam Reid of Stair- White, or Barskyming, the representative of an

annexed to the first grant inchided the maintenance of six archers sufticiently provided with bows and arrows, upon occasion of the King's curbing the inhabitants of the Isles, who had long
set the royal authority at defiance " Necnon sustentando sex homines de:

ancient family in

Ayrshire, probably

accompanied James the Fourth, in his first voyage to the Western Isles, in July 1494. He obtained two charters, under the Great Seal, of the King's fortress of Ardcardane, and some lands iiear Tarbert, in North Kintyre, dated 15th September 1498, and 27th August 499, in which he is designated " Adam
1

fensivos architenentes,
sagittis

cum arcubus

et

bene

suff'ultos,

ad serviendum

Regi, et successoribus suis, in guerris

si

quas Reges

in Insulis conti-a inhabi-

tantes
dictus

earundem habere

contigerit,

cum

Adam

vol haeredes sui ad hoc re-

quisitus fuerit."

Rede

de

Stevquhite."

The

service

12

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

thair

and thy factioun declayre by your workis, that eyther ye think is no God at all, or ellis that he is so shett upi in the
heavin, that he regardis not

what

is

done into the earth

for

yf thou fermelie beloved that

should not

God war

in the heavin, thou

alto-

mack thy

self

chek-meat to the King, and

gether forgett the charge that Jesus Christ the Sone of

God
this

gave to his apostles, which was, to preach his Evangell, and

not to play the proud prelatts, as
day.
all

the rabill of

yow do

And

now.

Sir, (said

he to the King,) judge ye whither

the Bischop or I beleve best that

God

is

in heavin."

Wliill the
selfis,

Bischope and his band could not weill revenge thame

and whill many

said

tantis

war gevin thame

in

thair teith, the

King, willing to putt ane end to farther reassonyng, said to the

Adam

Reid, " Will thou burne thy

bill

V He

answered,

" Sir, the

scoffis

Bischope and ye

the Bischop and his

With these and the lyik band war so dashed out of countewill."

nance, that the greattest part of the accusatioun was turned to

lawchter.

After that dyet,

we fynd God

almoist no questioun for materis of

yearis.

religioun, the space

ney of thretty

For not long

after,

to witt in the year of

1508,2 the said Bischop Blackcater

departed this
'

lief,

going in his superstitious devotioun to

and
derus pio studio
tutisque
ilia

For " shut up

;"

in Vautr. edit.,

loca (quae Chx-isti

MSS. G, A, &c., " set up." ^ The erroneous date of 1500 occurs in the MS. and in all the subsequent
copies;
it is

vestigiis trita, aliisque humilitatis, vir-

monumentis
;

illustrata erant)

invisendi flagrans Hierosolymitana profectione suscepta

also i-epeated

by Spotiswood.
is

sed mortis impetu

Gestis, &c., p. 349,

The

actual time of his decease

" Obitus Roberti Blacader primi Archiepiscopi Glasguensis, vigesimo octavo die Julij a. d. 1508." (Rerecorded,

thus

prseelusa, ad cselites in itinere migra-

(De Rebus Romse, 1578, 4to.)

vit."

In his English His-

tory, Lesley mentions this

more

briefly,

gist.

Episcop. Glasg., vol.

ii.

p.

616.)

"About
to

this time, [5th of

July 1508,]

where Blackader died is not but Bishop Lesley confirms Knox's statement, that he had set out on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land.
Tlie place

the Bishop of Glasgow, quha wes passit

his journay, deceissit the

ascertained

Jerusalem, or he com to the end of xxix [28th] day of July. He was ane noble, wyse,

"Scotia discedit,

paucis

post

diebus,

and godlie man."

1830, 4to.)

(Hist.

p. 78,

Edinb.

Episcopus Glasgoensis, Robertus Blaca-

1.527.

THE REFORMATION
;

IN SCOTLAND.

i;}

Hierusalem
to the

unto wliome succeided Mr. James Beatoun, sone

in Fyfe,

Lard of Balfour,

who was moir

cairfull for the

world then he was

religioun,
it

to preach Christ, or yitt to

;

advance any

but for the fassioun only

nott,l for it

and as he soght the warld,

fled

him

was

weill

knowin that at onis he was

for after

Archbischop of Sanctandrosse, Abbot of Dumfermeling, Abirbroth, Kylw;)mnyng,

and Chancellare of Scotland

the unhappy feild of Flowdoun,^ in the which perrished King

James the

Fourt, with the grettast parte of the nobilitie of the

realme, the said Beatoun, with the rest of the Prelattis,

the haill regiment of the realme
;

had
held

and by reassone

thairof,

and

travailled to hold the treutli of

till

God

in

thraldome and

bondage,

that

it

pleased

God

of his great mercy, in the

year of

God

1.527, to raise

up

his servand,

Maister Patrik

Hammyltoun,
'

at

wliome our Hystorie doith begyn

remark
along

Of whose

The truth
as
civil

of this

is

very
his

evident,

Beaton,

with

Ti-easurer. In the Rolls of Parliament, 26th November 1513, the Arch-

high

and

ecclesiastical

appoint-

bishop of Glasgow appears as Chancellor of the to

ments, held several great Church benefices. He was the youngest son of

kingdom

and he secured

himself the rich Abbacies of Ar-

John Beaton

of Balfour,

and was edu-

broath and Kilwinning.

to the

On succeeding
1

cated at St. Andrew's.

name

In 1487, the " Ja. Betone " occurs among the

;

Pi'imacy of S. Andrew's, in

522,

Intrantes

in 1491,

among

the Deter-

he resigned the commendatory of Arbroath in favour of his nephew David

Beaton, with the reservation to himself
of half
its

minantes

and

in 1493, as

a Licentiate,

he took the degree of Master of Arts. In October 1497, Maister James Betoun was presented to the Chantry of
Cathness,

revenues during his

life.

In

a letter to Cardinal Wolsey, Dr. Magnus the English Ambassador, on the 9 th of

vacant

by

the

decease of
(

Mr. James

Auchinleck.

Bannatyne

In 1503, Miscellany, vol. ii. p. 162.) he was Provost of the collegiate church of Bothwell, and Prior of Whithorn. In 1504, he was Abbot of Dunfermline, and a Lord of the Session. In the following year he succeeded his brother as Lord Treasurer. In 1508, he was raised to the See of Galloway and within twelve months having been translated to Glasgow, as successor to Blackader, he resigned the office of
;

January 1524-5, after referriug to the Archbishop of St. Andrews, as " the gretteste man booth of landes and experience withyne this realme," speaks of Beaton as " nooted to be veraye subtill and dissymuling. (State Papers, vol. iv. p. 286.) But with all his dignities and wealth, he experienced occasional reverses of fortune and in 1526, upon a change in public affairs, he was deprived of the office of Lord Chancel-

lor.
2

He
On

died in 1539.

the 9th of September 1513.

u
progenye,
lyif,

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

and eniditioun, becaus men of fame and renune

all

have in diverse workis writtin, we omitt

tioun, sending sucli as
to Franciss

ciiriouse repeti-

wald knaw farther of him then we write

Lambert,^ Johne Firth, and to that notable wark,2

laitlie sette fiirth

be Johne Fox, Englisman, of the Lyvis and

yle, in this

Deathis of Martyrs \^^thin this

our aige.

This servand of God, the said Maister Patrik, being in his

youth providit to reassonable honouris and leving, (he was

intitulat

Abbot

of Fern,^) as one baiting the world

and the
Abbot

'

In the preface to Lambei-t's " Exof

Hamilton was merely

titular

egeseos in sanetam diui loannis Apocalypsim, Libri vii." The passage will be given in the Appendix, No. III. ^ This reference to the well known

Feme, and was not in holy orders. His predecessor, Andrew Stewart, was Bishop of Caithness, and Commendator of the two Abbeys of Kelso and Feme.

"Actes and Monumentes"

of

John

He

died

7th

June 1517; and the

latter

Foxe, the English Martyrologist, has more than once been pointed out as an anachronism.
serts,

benefice was probably then conferred

on Hamilton.
eastern part of

Feme
tlie

is

a parish in the

Thus, Spottiswood asthat Foxe's work " came not to

shire of Ross.

The
first

Abbey was founded by Farquhard

the Third.

light

after

[till] some ten or twelve years Mr. Knox his death," (p. 267,)

Earl of Ross, in the reign of Alexander

The Church,

built or

com-

and concludes, that " the History given forth in his name was not of his inditing." But Knox's phrase, " laitlie sett
furth,"
is

pleted by William Earl of Ross,

in 1371,

who died

was a handsome structure of

about 120 feet in length, with chapels

quite applicable to the first

;

publication of Foxe's Martyrology

as

is no reason to doubt that Knox wrote this portion of his History in

there

on the north and on the south sides. It continued to be used as the parish Church till Sunday the lOtli of October 1742, when, during public service, the
flagstone roof,
fell

1566, and it is certain that Foxe's " Actes and Monumentes," &c., pi'inted at London by John Daye, was completed in the beginning of 1 564, in large
folio.

and part of the

side walls

in,

and

killed

40 persons, besides

others

who

died in consequence of the

injuries they sustamed.

zine, 1742, p. 485.)

(Scots
its

Maga-

In this edition there is an account of Patrick Hamilton, which (with some

At a

later period

(1772), the centre part of the Church

of Fex-ne, but reduced in

other notices) will be given verbatim in the Appendix, No. III. Foxe's Martyrology was again
1570, 2
vols,

length,

was repaired, with a new

for

roof,

and

still

printed by Daye,
in

serves as the parish Church.

Unless
side

"newly recognized by the author,"

foho
;

some ruined portions of the

a third time in

chapels attached to the eastern end of

the Church, which were suffered to re-

and a fourth (being probably the edition of which Spottiswood had any knowledge) in 1583.
1576
;

earliest

main,

all

marks

of its venerable anti-

quity have

now

disappeared.

1527.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.
to the

15
sclioollis in

vanitie tliairof, left Scotland,

and passed

Germany
was
dence, he

for

then the fame of the Universitie of Wliittinberge

greatlie di\Tilgat in all countreis, whare,

by Goddis

provi-

became fomiliare with these

lyghtis

and notable

servandis of Christ Jesus of that t}mie, Martyne Luther, Philipp

Melanthon, and the said Franciss Lambert, i and did so grow

and advance
integretie of
zeall of

in godly knowledge,
lyiif,

joyned with fervencie and

that he was in admiratioun with many.

The

Goddis glorie did so eat him up, that he could of no

long continuance remane thair, bot returned to his countrie,

whair the brycht bcames of the trew light which by Goddis

grace was planted in his harte, began most aboundantlie to
burst
fiirth,

alse weall in publict as in secreat

For he was,
:

besydis his godlie knowledge, weill learned in philosophic

he

abhorred sophistrye,

and wold that the text of

was
for sophistrie

Aristotelis

should have bene better understand and more used in the

schoolles then than
it
:

had corrupted

all

asweil in divinitie as in humanitie.

In schort proces of tyme,

the fame of his reasonis and doctrin trubled the Clargye, and

came

to the earis of Bischope

James Beatoun,

of

whome

befoir

we have maid mentioun, who being ane

Clii'ist

conjured ennemye to

Jesus,

and one that long had had the whole regiment of

this realme, bare impatientlie that

to that

any truble should be maid kingdome of darknes, whairof within this realme he

was the head.

And,

thairfoir,

he so travailled^ with the said

to Sanctandrosse, whair, eftir

Maister Patrik, that he gat

him
and

the conference of diverse day is,

libertie.

he had his fi-eedome and

The

said Bischop

his blooddy bucheouris, called

Doctouris,

seamed

to approve his doctryne,

and

to grant that

many
ment.

thingis craved reformatioun in the Ecclesiastical regi-

And amanges

the

rest,

thair

was ane that

secreatlie

' It was at Marburg, the capital of Upper Hesse, and not at Wittemljerg, where Lambert was professor.

"^

ters

In the MS. " trawailled." The letic and r ai-e used iudiscriniinately

by Knox's amauuensis.

16

THE HISTORY OP
all thingis,

Book

I.

consented with him ahnest in

named Frear Alexyitt

ander Campbell, a

man

of good wytt

and learnyng, butt

cornipt by and the clergye had

the warld, as aftir

fully

we

will hear.

understand the

When mynd and judgement

the bischoppis
thair king-

of the said Maistir Patrik,

and fearing that by him

dome should be endomaged,

thei travailled with the King,

who

then was young, and altogitther addict to thair commandiment,

that he should pass in pilgramaige to Sanct Dothess in Rosse,i
to the

end that no intercessioun should be maid

for the life 2 of

the innocent servant of God,

as in

who

suspecting no such crueltie

still,

thair

hartes

was concluded, remaned

(a

lambe

amonges the

woliis,) till

that upoun a nycht hie was inter-

cepted in his chalmer, and by the bischoppes band was caryed

to the Castell,

whare that nycht he was keapt

and upoun the

Articles for the

morne, produceid in judgement, he was condampned to dye by

fyre for the testimonye of Goddis trewth.

The

which he suffered war hot of Pilgramage, Purgatorye, Prayer

to Sanctes,

and

for the

Dead, and such

trifilles

albeit that

materis of grettar importance had bein in questioun, as his

Treatise,^

which

in the

end we have added, may witness.

Now

that the condempnatioun of the said Mr. Patrik should

have greattar authoritie, thei caused the same to be subscrived

by all those and to mack

which
*

of

any estimatioun that with tham war

present,

thair

nomber

great, thei tuck the subscriptionis

;

of childrin, yf thei war of the nobilitie

last decessed in France,^

for the Erie of Cassilles,

then being bot twelf or thretTain.

This statement,
is

correct, as there

we presume, is inno evidence to show

In the Appendix No. IV.

will

be

given various extracts from the Treasurer's

James the Fifth visited the Shrine of Duthac at this time. Lesley speaks of the King dealing with Hamilton, which implies at least a knowledge of his accusation, " adhortante Rege ipso." (De Rebus Gestis, &c., p. 427.) The
that
St.

pilgrimages which

Accounts relating to the frequent James the Fourth

to this Shrine, as illustrative of

made
''

superstitious custom of that period,

^
'*

In the MS. " See page 19.

Gilbert

lief."

chapel of

St.

Duthac, Bishop of Ross,

is

Kennedy

third Earl of CasSt.

now

in ruins,

situated about half a

silis.

He was

probably only at
;

mile to the north-east of the town of

Andrews

for one session

as his

name

1528.

THE REFORMATION
was compelled

IN SCOTLAND.

17

tein yearis of age,

self did confesse.

to subscrive his death, as

him

Immediatlie after dennar, the fyre was pre-

paired befoir the

executioun.

Aid
yitt

Colledge,^

and he led
all

to the place of

And

men

suppoised that

was done but to

geve unto him ane terrour, and to have caused him to have
recanted,

and have become recreant

for his

to those bloody bcastis.

But God,

awin

glorie, for

the comforte of his servand,

and

for manifestatioun of thare beastly t}Tanny,

;

had other-

wiese decreed

for

he so strenthened his faythfuU witnes,

lyif,

that nether the luif of

death, could

nor yitt the fear of that cruell

move him a joit to swarve from the trewth ones j)rofessed. At the plaice of executioun he gave to his servand, who had bene chalmer-child to him of a long tyme, his gown,
his coit, bonet,

and such lych garments, saying,

;

"

These

will

nott proffeit in the fyre

thei will proffeit thee

Aftir this, of

me thow

cane receave no commoditie, except the example of

my

death, which, I pray thee, bear in

mynd

for albeit it
is it

be

bitter to the flesche,

and

feirfull

befoir

men, yet

the

entress unto eternall

lyif,

quliilk

non

shall possesse that denyis

Christ Jesus befoir this wicked generatioun."

The innocent servand of God being bound to the staik in the myddest of some coallis, some tymmer, and other mater
appointed for the
fyre,

fyre,

a trane of powder was maid and sett a

quhilk gave to the blessed martyre of

God a

glaise,

skrimpled^ his left hand,

and that syd of

in

his face, but nether

endowments, however

does not occur in the Registers of the

University.

1413.

Its

In 1532, he was at Paris,

to

pursuing his studies under George Buchanan,

continued to be very limited, until St. Salvator's College was erected and en-

who dedicated
was one

edition of Linacre's

Latin

him his first Grammar.

dowed

in

successor in the See.

1456 by James Kennedy, his At this time it

Lord

Cassilis

of the prisoners
1

received the
distinguish
College,
it

name of the Old

from that of
in
St.

College, to

taken at Solway Moss in

in 1.558.

542.

As Knox

Leonard's

afterwards mentions, he died at Dieppe

^ The University of St. Andrews, founded by Bishop Wardlaw in the year 1410. w;!s confirmed by Papal authority

erected

1512,

and

St.

Mary's, in 1537.
<=

Tn Vautr.

edit.,

and MSS. G, A,

Aic, " scorched."

VOL.

1.

i;

18

THE HISTORY OF
tlie coallis.i
till

Book

I.

kendilled the wood, nor yett

api^ointed to deatli in torment,

Castell

tliat

And so remaned men rane to

tlie

the

agane

for

moir poulder, and

for

wood more

able to tack

fjre

which at

last

being kendilled, with lowd voce he cryed,

"

Lord

Jesus, receave

my
?

spreit

How

long shall darknes

owerquhelme
this

this realme

And how
fyre

long will thow suffer

slow,
all

tyranny of

men V

The

was

and

thairfoir

was

his torment the more.

Bott moist of

was he greved by

certane wicked men, amongis wlionie Campbell the Blak Freir

(of

whome we spak
etc.

befoir^)
:

was
call

principall, Avho continuallie

cryed, " Convert, heretick

upoiin our

Lady

say Salve

Regitia"

To whome he answered,
Bott

" Departe,
wliill

and truble

me not,
Freir

ye messingeris of Sathan."

that the foirsaid

still

roared one thing in great vehemency, he said unto

him, " Wicked man, thou knawis the contrair, and the contrair
to

me

thou hast confessed

I appeall thee befoir the tribunall

seatt of Jesus Christ \"

After which and other wordis, which

weall could nott be understand nor marked, baytli for the

tumult,

and vehemencye of the

fyre,

the witness of Jesus

Christ gat victorie, after long sufferance, the last of Februar, in

the zeir of

God

J"' V^'

twenty and sevin

zearis.^

Freir departed this lyif within few dayis after, in

The said what estait

to his right

Lindesay of Pitscottie, (circa 1575,) Hamilton's condemnation, after narrating the Mar1

ft'aj',

that he never

came

in his detailed account of

spirits again,

but wandered about the

space of forty days, and then departed."

tyr's last speeches,and his

solemn appeal to Campbell, proceeds, " Then they laid to the fire to him but it would no ways burn nor kindle a long while. Then a baxtar, called Myrtoun, ran and brought his arms full of straw, and

is

(Edit.

1728, p. 134; edit. 1776, p.

209.)

Pitscottie gives the false date of

September 1525.
dates
i-ived
rity.

This writer indeed

often very inaccurate ui

;

names and

but his details were evidently de-

from some contemporary autho-

cast

it

in to kindle the fire

but there

came such a

blast of

wind from the

East forth of the sea, and raised the fire so vehemently, that it blew upon
the Frier that accused him, that

Foxe, and other authorities, state was Prior of the Domiuicau or Blackfriars Monastery, St.
2

that Campbell

him

to the earth,
;

part of his coul

it dang and brunt all the fore and put him in such a

Andi-ews.
^

According

to

modern computation,

the year 1528.

1528.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

10

we
was

refeiT to the manifestatioiin of the g-enerall day.

But

it

plainlie

knawin that he dyed,

in

Glaskow, in a phrencsye,

and

as one dispared.^
all

NoAV that

men may understand what was

litill

the singular

eniditioun and godly knowledge of the said Mr. Patrik,

we

have inserted this his

tionis

pithie work, conteanyng his AsserOffice of

first,

and Detenninationis concernyng the Law, the

the same, concernyng Fayth, and the fruittis^ thairof ;

be

the foirsaid Maister Patrik collected in Latine, and after translated in Ingli.sch.

[A Brief Treatise
Patrike's Places,

of

Mr. Patrike Hamelton, called

translated into English by John

Frith

avith

the Epistle of the sayd Frith prefixed

BEFORE the SAME, AS FOLLOWETH.^

John Frith unto the Christian Reader.

Blessed be
in these last

God

the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, which

all

dayes and perillous tymes, hath styrred up in

countreys, witnesses unto his Sonne, to testifye the truth unto

the unfaythfuU, to save at the least some from the snares of

'

Foxe,

ill

republishing his " Actes

not,

between that and a certain day of

and Monunientes," among other additions, has the following paragraph " But to return to the matter of Master Hamelton ; here is, moreover, to be observed, as a note worthy of memory, that in the year of our Lord 1564, in which year this present History was collected in Scotland, there were cer:

the next mouth, which he then named,

tain faithful

men

of credit then alive,

who being

present the same time

when

Master Patrick Hamelton was in the fire, heard him to cite and appeal the Black Friar called Campbell, that accu.sed him, to appear before the high God, as general Judge of all men, to answer to the innoceiicy of his death, and whether his accusation was just or

Moreover, by the same witness it is the said Friar had immediately before the said day come, witliout remorse of conscience, that he had persecuted the innocent; by the example whereof divers of the people, the same time much mused, and firmly believed the doctrine of the aforesaid Master Hamelton to be good and just." (Third edit. p. 650, Lond. 157G, folio.) In Vautr. edit, "true fruites ;" in MSS. G, &c., trew fruittis." 3 The above title, and Fry th's preface arc nut contained in Knox's MS., but
testified, that

'''

are inserted from Foxe's Martyrology,

p.

949, 3d edit., Lond. 1570'.

20

THE HISTORY OF may

who

Book

I.

Antichrist, which leade to perdition, as ye

here perceave

by that excellent and well learned

truth,

young man Patrike Hamel;

TON, borne in Scotland of a noble progeny

to testifie the

sought

all

meanes, and tooke upon him Priesthode,

to

(even as Paule circumcised Timothy,

wynne the weake

Jewes,) that he might be admitted to preache the pure word

of God.

Notwithstandyng, as soone as the Chamberleyne

[Chancellor!] and other Byshops of Scotland had perceaved

that the light began to shyne, which disclosed their falsehode that they conveyed in darkcnes, they layde handes on hym,

and because he wold not deny

stance,

his Saviour Christ at their in-

they l)urnt him to ashes.

Nevertheles,

God

of his

bounteous mercy (to publishe to the Avhole world what a

these monsters have murthered) hath reserved a

man

little Treatise,

made by
Places
:

this Patrike,^ which, if

ye

lyst,

ye

For

it

treateth exactly of certaine

may call Patrik's Common Places,

This Treatise
profite of

which knowen, ye have the pith of all

natioun
to

Divinitie.

have I turned into the English toung, to the

;

my

whom

I besecli

God

to geve lyght, that they

may

espye the deceitfull pathes of perdition, and returne to the

right

way which leadeth

to h^fe everlastyng.^

Amen.]

' This evidently refers to Archbishop Beaton ; but he had previously been

vol.

iii.

pp. 71, 161, 162.)

In 1562-3,

deprived of
note, page 13.
2

the

Chancellorship

see

pi'inted as

Hamilton's treatise was probably an academical dissertation,

Michael Lobley, a printer in St. Paul's Churchyard, had license to print " The Sermoude in the Wall, thereunto annexed, The Common Place of Patryk Hamylton." (ib., p. 540.) Foxe's copy

was at Marburg, in 1526. It is uncertain whether Fryth's translation was published during his own life. There are at least three early editions, with this title, " Dyvers frutefull gawhilst he

of this Treatise differs from the present

in a number of minute particulars, which would occupy too much space to

point out.

therynges of Scripture : And declaryng of fay til and workes." One was
printed at London by

Thomas Godfray,

and two others by William Copland, each of them without a date, but pi'obably before 1540. (Dibdin's Typogr. Antiq.,

reward of his was confined to the Tower, in 1532, and was brought to the stake, at Smithfield, on the 4th of July 1533. (See the Rev. Chr. Andei-son's Annals of the English
tlie

John Fryth, as

zeal in the cause of religion,

Bible, vol.

i.

pp. 339-377.)

1528.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

[The Doctrine] of the Law,

21

The Law
evill,

is

a doctrine that biddeth good, and forLiddeth

heir contenit do specifie
:

as the

Commandimentis

THE TEN COMMANDIMENTIS.

].

Thow
name
not

shalt worschepp but one God.

it.

2.

Thow
holy.
kill.

shalt

maik

thee nane image to worschipp

his

3.

Thow

shalt not sweare be

5.

in vane.

4.

Hold the Sabbath day

6.

Honour
7.

thie father
shalt
9.

and mother.
committ
no

Thow
8.

shalt not

Thow
steall.

adulterie.

Thow
10.

shalt

nott

Thow

shalt bear

fals witness.

Thow

shalt not de-

syre owglit that belongeth unto thie nychtboure.

[All these

Commandments
:

are briefly comprised in these

two here under ensuing]

thyne harte, wytli
(Deut.
6.)
is

"

Love the Lord thy God with

all

all

thy
first

saule,

and with

all

thy mynd."

"

This

is

the

and great commandiment.

the

The
selve.

secund

lyik unto this,

Love thy nychtbour as thy

all

On

these

two commandimentis hang

(Matth. 12.)

Law and

the

Propheittis."

[Certaine Generall Propositions proved by the

Scripture.]!
I.

He
:

that loveth God, loveth his nychtbour. 2

" If

anie
is

man
Iyer

say, I love

God, and yit hattith his nychtbour, he

He
He

that lovith not his brother

whome he hath
him
self,

sene,

how

can he love
II.

God whome he hath

nott sein."

(1 Joan. 4.)

that lovith his nychtbour as

whole commandimentis of God.

kcapeth the

"

Quhatsoever ye wald that

:

men
'

should do unto yow, evin so do unto thame

title,

for this is

This

with the iiumbei's of the

words inchided within brackets, arc suppHed from Foxe. Also a few trifling corrections in the
Propositions,
tlie

and

orthography.
'

Minor, and Conclusion, marked on the margin of Foxe's copy, except in one or two instances at the beginning, are Such as not contained in Knox's MS. are marked, being incoiTcctly given by
his transcriber, as
e(,lit.,

syllogistic

These Propositions are T)ut in a form ; but the terms Major,

well

as

in

Vautr.

are here omitted.

22

THE HISTORY OF
(Matth.
"
7.)

Book

I.

the law and the propheittis."

his njchthour
fulfllleth

He

that loveth

the law.
:

adulterie

Thow
;

shalt not kyll

Thow slialt Thow shalt not

j{
tliair

not committ
steall
:

shalt not Lear fals witnesse against thy nychthour

Thow Thow salt

:

not desyre

and
all

so furth

And

be any uther com-

mandiment,
"

ar comprehendit under this saying, Love thy

self."

nychthour as thy

(Rom. 13

Gallat. 5.)
all

He

that loveth his nychthour, kepitli

"

the commandi-

mentis of Grod."

He

that loveth God, loveth his n^'^chthoure."

(Roma. 13
his

Joan.

4.)

Ergo, he

that loveth God, kepitli

all

commandimentis.

III.

He

that hath the faith, loveth

God." My
keapith

father loveth

yow, hecaus ye luif me, and beleve that I came of God."

(Joan. 19.)

He

that

hath the

faith,

all

the com-

mandimentis of God.
God.

He

that hath the faith, loveth

all

God

and he that loveth God, keapith

the commandimentis of
all

Ergo,
He

he that hath

faith,

keapith

the commandi-

mentis of God.
IV.
all.

that keapeth one commandiment, keapeth

it

thame

" For without fayth

is

impossible to keap any of the

fayth, keap-

commandimentis of God."
eth
all

the commandimentis of God.

And he that hath the Ergo, he that

all.

keapith

one commandiment of God, keapith thame

V.

He

that keapith nott

all

the commandimentis of God, he

keapith nane of thame.

mandimentis, he

He that keapith one of the comkeapith Ergo, he that keapith not

all.

all

the commandimentis, he keapith nane of thame. VI. It

is

not in our power, without grace, to keap anie of

Goddis commandimentis.

Without

grace
;

it

is

impossible to
is

keap ane of Goddis commandimentis

power.

and grace

not in our

Ergo,
so

it is

not in our power to keap any of the com-

mandimentis of God.
Evin
fovth.

may

ye rcassone concerning the Holy Ghost, and

1528.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

23

VII. Tlio law was geviii to scliaw us our synne.

law cumitli the knowledge of the synne. synne meant, bot throw the law.
ment, cxcejit the law had
the law, synne was dead
wist I that
it

" Bo the knew not what

knew not what

shalt not lust.

lust

had

said,
:"

Thow
is.

Without

that

It

moved me

nott, nether

was synne, which notwithstanding was synne,

law.
is

and forbidden be the

us.

VIII. The law biddith us do that which

impossible for

For
it is

it

biddith us keape

all

the commandimentis of God

yitt

not in oure power to keape any of thame.

is

Ergo,

it

biddeth us doo that which

impossible for

us.

Thow
which
is

wilt

say,

" Whaiifoir doitli I

impossible for us."

evill,

God command us that ansuere, " To mack thee know

is

that thow arte bot

and that thair

doitli

no remeady to save

thee in thine awin hand, and that thow mayest seak reamedy
at

some

utlier

for the

law

nothing butt

command

thee."

[The Doctkine] of the Gospell.

The

Gospell,
:

is

as

moche

to say,

in oure tong, as

Good

Tydingis
Christ
Christ

lyk as everie one of these sentences be

the Saviour of the world.

is
is

our Saviour.

Christ dcid for us. Christ deid for our synnes.

Christ oiferred

him

solve for us.

Christ bare our synnes

upoun

his back.

Christ bought us with his blood.

Christ woushe us Avith his blood.

Christ Christ
Christ

came came

in the warld to save synnaris.

in the warld to tak

away our
for us

synnes.

was the

price that

was gevin

and

for

our synnes.

Christ

was maid dettour

for our synnes.

Christ hath payed our debt, for he dcid for us.

Christ hath

maid

satisfactioun for us

and

for

our .synne.

24
Christ Christ
is is
is

THE HISTORY OF
our rycliteousness.
oure wisdome.

Book

I.

Christ
Christ

our sanctificatioun.
our rcdemptioun.

is is
is

Christ
Christ

our satisfactioun. our goodness.

Christ hath pacifeid the Father of Heavin. Christ

is ouris,

and

all his.

Christ hath delivered us frome the law, frome the devill,

and

hell.

The Father of Heavin hath forgevin us for Christis saik. Or anie such other, as declair unto us the mercyes of God.
THE NATURE [aND OFFICe] OF THE LAW, AND OF THE
GOSPELL.

The Law schawith us. Our synne. Our condemnatioun,

Is the

word of

ire.

Is the Is the

word of

dispair.

word of displeasure.

The Gospell schawith us, A reamedy for it.

Oure redemptioun.
Is the

word of grace. word of

conforte.

Is the
Is the

word

of peace.

A DISPUTATIOUN BETUIX THE LAW AND THE GOSPELL.

Tlie

Law

sayith,

Paye thy

debt.

Thow

art a synnar desparat.

And thow

shalt die.

1528.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

25

Tlie Gospell sayitli,

Clirist liatli

payed

it.

Thy
Be

synne.s ar forgevin thee.

of good conforte,
sayith,

thow

shalt be .saved.

The Law

Mack

a mendis for thy synne.

of

The Father
Quhair
is

Heaven

is

wraith wyth thee.

?

thy rychteousnes, goodnes, and satisfactioun

Thou
and

art

bound and obligat unto me,

[to]

the

devill,

[to] hell.
saj-ith,

The Gospell

Christ hath

maid

it

for thee.

Christ hath pacefeid Christ

is

him with

his blood.

thy lychteousnes, thy goodnes, and satisfactioun

Christ hath delivered thee from

thame

all,

[The Doctrine] off Faith.

it

God was compted unto him

Faith
is

to beleve

" lyck as

Abraham

beloved God, and

(Gen.
5.)
it
1.5.)

for rychteousnes."

"

He

that beleved God, beloved his word."

in him, speikith.
self.

(Joan.

To

beleve

is

to beleve his word,

and accompt

trew that he

He

that belevith not Goddis word, beleveth not him

He
his

that belevith nott Goddis word, he compteth

lyar,
;

him
will

fals,
fulfill

and ane
self

and beleveth not that he may and

word

and so he denyeth both the myght of God

the gift of God.

and him
gift of
gift of

IX. Faith

is

" Everie

good thing
faith

is
is

the
the

God."
God.

(Jacob.

1 .)

Fayth

is

good.

Ergo,

X. [Faith
oure power.

is

not in our power.]

The

gift of

God

is

not in
is

"

Faith

is

the gift of God."

Ergo, fayth

not

in oure power.

XL

[He

that lackcth faith cannot j^lease

God.]" Without

26
faith
it

THE HISTORY OF
is

Book
(Hebr. 11.)

I.

impossiLle to please God."

of fayth,
is

All

that

cummith

iiott

syiine

for

without faith can no

faith,

man

please God.

Besjdis, that
He
Hear.

he that lacketh

he

ti-usteth

nott God.

that trusteth not God, trusteth nott in his

in
his wourd, hauldeth

wourd.
self fals,
Iyer,

He

that trusteth not

him

and a promeseth, and belevith not that doo he he he may that and a
that haldeth
self false
is

He

him

so denyeth he that he
this fassioun, please

God.
?

him

And how can a man, No maner of way. Yea,

angell.

being of
suppoise

he did

all

the werkis of
is

man and
all his
is

XII. All that

done in fayth, pleaseth God.

werkis in faith."

" Richt is

the wourde of God, and

eis look

" Lord, thine

as,

to faith."

That

asmucli to saye

Lord, thow

delitest in fayth.

God

lovetli
?

him that
is

belevith in him.

How
a
in

cane

tliei

then displease him

XIII.

He

that hath the faith,

just

and good.
all

good
faith

trie

bringeth furth good

fruite.

Ergo,

And
is

that

done pleaseth God.

faith,

XIV. [He that hath

please him.]

and believeth God, cannot

dis-

Moreovir, he that hath the

he
is

faith belevith God.

He

that belevith God, belevith his worde.

He

that belevith

his word, woteth weall that

trew and

faithfull,

and may

nott lie

But knowith weall that he

may and
?

will boith fulfill

his word.

How

can he then displease him

For thow canst

not do ane greattar honor unto God, then to count him trew.

Thow

wilt then say, that

tliift,

murther, adulterie, and

;

all

vices, please

God

Nane,

vcrrelie

for thei

can not be done

in faith

" for a

good tree beareth good

(Hebr. 11.)

frute."

He

that hath

the faith, woteth weall that he pleaseth

God

for all that is

done in fayth pleaseth God.

XV. Faith
ar not sene."
spreit that

is

suirness.
for,

" Faith is a suir confidence of

thingis quhilk ar hoped

(Hebr. 11.)

"The

and a

certantie of thinges which

same

sjireit

certifieth our
8.)

we

are the children of God."

(Rom.

Moirovir,

1528.

THE REFORMATION
Lath
tlie faith,
is

IN SCOTLANIX

27
will fulfill his

lie tliat

wotcth wcill that God

word.

Ergo, fayth

a suirncss.
IS

A MAN
"

JUSTIFEID BE FAITH.
it

Abraham

beleveth God, and

"

was impueted unto him

for

ryghteousnes."

We

suppose thirfoir that a

man

is

justified
4.)

(saith the Apostill) without the workis of law."

"

(Rom.

He

that workith not, but belevith in

ungodlie,

The

just

him that justifieth the his faith is comptcd unto him for r\^ghteousnes." man Icvith by feith." (Abac. 2 Rom. 1.)" We
;

wote, that

man

that

is

justifeid, is

not justifeid be the

workis of the law, but be the faith of Jesus Christ, and not

by the deadis of the law."

OF THE FAITH OF CHRIST

The
and

faith of Christ

is,

to beleve in

him

that

is,

to beleve

his wourd,

and

to beleve that
evill.

he

will lielpe thee in all

thy neid,

deliver thee frome

Thow

wilt ask me, Wliat

word
lyif

I answer.

The
"

Gospell.

"

He

that beleveth on Christ slialbe

saved."

He

that belevith the Sone

hath eternall

" Verrelie, verrelie, I

say unto yow,

(Joan.
6.)

He
''

that belevith on

me

hath everlasting lyif"

that beleving in the

This I wret unto yow,

name

of the Sone of God, ye

(1 Joan.
;

that ye have eternall lyif"

5.)

"Thomas,

may know
becaus

thow hast sein

have nott
to
sein,

me thow
and

belcvest

but happie ar thei that

" All the Propheittis

yit beleve in me."

him bare

witness, that whosoevir

belevith in
"

him

shall

have remissioun of thair synnes."

do that I

(Act. 10.)

Wliat must I

may

be saved

The

Apostill answerid, " Beleve in

"

the Lord Jesus Christ, and thow shalt be saved."

Yf thow
deatli,

acknowledge wytli the mouth, that Jesus

leve in

is

the Lord, and be-

thyn

liartc that

God

raissed
10.)

thow

shalt be save."

(Rom.

him up from the

"

He

that beleveth not in

Christ shalbc condemned."

"He

that beleveth nott the Sone

28
shall never see lyif

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

(Joan.

3.)

but the

ire of

God abydith upoun him."

world of synne,

"

The Holy Ghost

shall reprove the

becaus

tliei

beleve not in me."

" Thei that beleve in Jesus

Christ ar the sones of God."

Ye

ar

all

the sones of God,

because ye beleve in Jesus Christ.

He

that

(Galat. 8.)

belevith

in

Christ

the
art

Sone of God
Christ,

is

save.

" Petir said,

Thow

the Sone of the

leving God.

Jesus ansuered and said unto him, Happie arte

;

thow, Symon, the sone of Jonas

nott

for flesch

and blood hath

is

oppened unto thee that, hot

(Matth. 16.)

lieavin."

"We
"

my

Father which

in

have beleved and knowin that

leving-

thow

arte Christ the

Sone of the

God."

" I beleve that

thow

arte Christ the

Sone of the leving God, which should

These thingis ar written that ye
is

come

into

the warld."

myclit beleve that Jesus Christ

in beleving ye myclit have lyef

the Sone of God, and that

I beleve that

Jesus

is

the

Sone of the leving God."

(Joan.

9.)

XVI. He that
Word.

belevith God, belevith the Gospell.

his

belevith God, belevith

Word

And

He
is

that
his

the Gospell

Thairfoir he that belevith God, belevith his Gospell,

is

As

Christ

the Saviour of the world, Christ

is

our Saviour.

Christ bought us with his bloode.

blood.

Christ wouslie us with his

us.

Christ

offerred

him

self for

Christ

baire

oure

synnes upoun his back.

XVII. He

that/ belevith nott the Gospell, belevith not God.

self:

He that belevith not Goddis Word belevith nott him Goddis Word. Ergo, he that belevith nott And the
Gosjjcll is

the Gospell belevith nott

thei that beleve nott as

God him
is

self;

and consequentlie

above written, and such other,

beleve not God.

XVIII.
ye into
creature
:

He He

that belevith the Gospell, shalbe saved."

Go
hot

all

the world and preach the Gospell unto everie

that belevith and
is

baptised shalbe saved

he that belevith not shalbe condemned."

1528.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

29

A COMPARISOUN BETUIX FAITH AND INCREDULITIE.

Faith
is

the root of

all

good

Makith God and man

Bring'ith

freindis.

God and man

is

to gither.
all evill
:

Incredulitie

the root of

Makith thame

deidlie foes.

Bringith thame syndrie.

All that proceidis frome Faith pleaseth God.
All that proceidith from Incredulitie displeaseth

God

Faith only maketh a

Incredulitie

man good and

injust

rychteouse.
evill.

maketh him

and

Faith only maketh a man,

The member of Christ The inheritour of heavin The servand of God.

;

Faith schewith

God

to he a sweit Father,

Fayth
be trew.

hauldith styfF

be the Word of God

Countith

God

to

Faith knowith

God
:

Lovith

Faith only savith

Incredulitie

Extolleth

God and his nychtboure. God and his Averkis.

maketh him,
;

The member of the devill The inheritour of hell The servand of the devill. Incredulitie maketh God a terrible Judge It causeth man wandir heir and thair Maketh him fals and a Hear. Incredulitie knoweth him nott.
:
:

Incredulitie lovith nether

God nor nychtbour

Onlie con-

demneth

Extolleth flesche and hir awin deidis.

30

THE HISTORY OF
OFF HOPE.

Euoic

I.

to

Hope is a trustie looking for of thingis that ar promesed come unto us as we hope the everlasting joy which
:

Christ hath promesed unto

all

that beleve on him.

We
"

should
thing.

putt our hoipe and trust in

" It is ffood to trust in

God
is

onlie,

and no other
" It "

God, and nott in man."

a
fuill."

He

that

trustith in his in God,

awin harte, he
in princes."

and not

(Psal. 1 1 7.)
all

is

good to trust
slial

Thei

be Ijik
" Cursthis

unto images that mack tliame, and

that trust in thanie."

He

that trusteth in his awin thoughts doeth ungodlie.

"

sed be he that trustith in man."

Bidd the rich men of

hard
for

warld, that thei trust nott in thair unstable riches, but that
thei tmst in the leving God."
in
" It is

them that
[God

trust

money

to enter in

the kingdome

of God."

Moirovir,

we
is

should trust in him onelie, that

help us.]

may

help us

onlie can

Ergo,
He
;

thame that tmst

nott.

we should trust and wo in God

:

in

him

onelie.

Weill
trust

to

thame that

him

" Weill is the

man

that trustis in

God
shall

for

God
:

shalbe

his trust."
trewtli.
all evir

that trusteth in

him

understand the
thei shall

" Thei shall all rejoyse that trust in thee

be glaid

and thow

wilt defend thame."

OFF CHARITIE.
Charitie
is is

the love of thy nychtboure.

The

rewll of charitie
:

to doo as
all

esteameth
the foe
;

thow woldest wcr done unto thee for charitie alyke ;l the riche and the poore the freind and
;
;

the thankfull and the unthankfull

the

kynnesman

and
*

stranger.

In Vautr. edit., and MSS. E, A, marginal note " This is to be understood of circumstance of worldlie men, and not of them of God for the neirer that men draw to God,

and

I, is this

we ar bound

the

more

to love

them."

Also a similar note to page 24, Prop, IV., " Christ is the eude and fulfillinge
of the
leveth."

lawe to everie

one

that

be-

ir,28.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

A COMPARISOUN BETUIX FAITH, HOPE, AND CHARITIE.

31

Faith corametli of the woiird of

faith
;

God

Hope commeth

of

and Charitic

siiringis of

thame

hoith.
is

Faitli belevis the

word
:

Hope

trustith eftir that wliich

promessed be the woiird

and Charitie doith good unto hir

nychtbour, throw the love that sche hath to God, and glaidnes
that
is

within hir selve.

Faitli looketh to

God and
:

his

worde

Hope

lookith unto

his gift
proffoit.

and reward

Charitie lookith unto hir nychtbouris

Faith receavith

God

Hoipe receaveth

his

reward

Cliaritie

lookith to hir nychtbour

wyth a

glaid hart,

and that without and

any respect of reward.

Faitli perteaneth to

God

onelie

Hope

to his reward,

Charitie to hir nychtbour.

[The Doctrine] of Good Workis.

a
is

No manor of Averkis mack us rychtcouse. " We man shalbe justifeid without werkis." (Galat. 8.)
justifeid be the deidis of the

beleve that
"

No man
jus-

law

but be the faith of Jesus

Christ.
tifeid

And we

beleve in Jesus Christ, that

we may be

be the faith of Christ, and nott be the deidis of the law.

Yf

lychteousnes came be the law, then Christ deid in vane."

is

That no man
rychteouse
faith.

justifeid be the law,

it

is

manifest
is

for

man

levith

by

his faith

but the law

of heavin
;

nott of
earth,

Moirovir, since Christ, the

makar

and

and

all

that thair in

is,

behoved

to die for us

we

ar compelled

to grant, that

we wer

so far

drowned

in synne, that nether our

deidis, nor all the treasouris that ever

God maid,
:

or might

maik, might have help us out of thame

wcrkis male

Ergo, no deidis nor

mack us

rychteouse.

No
us

werkis

mak

us uniychteouse.

For jf any werkc

maid

uniychteouse,

then the contrarie wcrkis wold maik us

32
rychteouse.

THE HISTORY OF
Butt
:

Book

I.

it

is

provin, that no werkis can

maik us

righteouse

Ergo, no werkis

maik us

unrycliteouse.

WEKKIS MAIK US NETHER GOOD NOR EVILL.

It is proven, that

werkis nether maik us rychteouse nor

unrychteouse

Ergo, no werkis nether

maik us good nor

evill.

For rychteouse and good ar one thing, and unrighteouse and Good werkis maik not ane good man, nor evill evill, one.
werkis ane
evill

and ane
tree

evill

man But a good man makith good werkis, man evill werkis. Good fruct makith not the
:

good,

nor

evill fruict

the tree
evill

evill

But a good

tree

bearith good

fruict,

and ane

tree evill fruict.

evill

good
;

man
for

can not do
evill tree

evill werkis,

nor ane

man good

werkis

ane

can not beare good

is

fruct,

nor ane good tree

evill fruct. evill

man

good befoir he do good werkis, and ane

;

man
it

is evill

before he do evill werkis

fruict,

for the tree is

good

befoir

bear good
is

and

evill befoir it beir evill fruct.

Everie

man

either good or

and the
evill

fi-uct

good also, or ellis

fruct lyikwyise evill.

:

Either maik the tree good, maik the tree evill, and the Everie manes werkis ar eyther good or
evill.

for all fructis ar either

good or

evill.

" Either

maik the
and
is

tree good

and the
it

fruct also, or ellis

evill."

maik the

tree evill

the fruct of

lyikwyise
;

(Mattli. 13.)

A good man
werkis,

knowin be
ane

his werkis

for a

good
shall

evill, evill

werkis.

"

Ye

man doitli good knaw tliame be

is

and

thair fruct
evill tree

for ane good tree bringeth furth good fruct, and ane
evill fruict."

(Matth.

7.)

A man

likened to the tree, and

"

his werkis to the fruct of the trie.

pheittis,

Bewar of the
shall

fals pro;

which come unto yow in scheippis clothing

but

inwardlie thei ar raveening wolves.

thair fructis."

Ye

knaw thame be

NONE OF OURE WERKIS NETHER SAVE

It
is

US,

NOR CONDEMPNE

US.

provin, that no werkis

maik us

either righteouse or

1528.

THE REFORMATION
evill
:

IN SCOTLAND.
first

33

unryghteouse, good nor

but

we

are good befoir that

evill

wo do good

werkis,

and

evill befoir

we do
?

warkis

Ergo,

no werk neither save us nor condempne

then, Makitli
for
it

us.

Thow

wilt say
;

no mater what we do
evill, it is

answer thee, Yes

yf thow dost

a suir argument that thow art eviU, do good,

;

and wantest
thow
fruct,

faith.

Yf thow
evill

it is

ane argument that

art

good and hast faith

evill tree

for a

good tree bearith good

Yit good fruct maketh
evill.

and an

fruct.

nott the tree good, nor evill fruct the tree

is

So that he do

man
evill

good befoir he do good werkis, and

evill befoir

werkis.

The man
mackith the
tree,

is

the tree
:

the werkis ar the

fi-uct.

Faith

e-ood tree
:

Incredulitie the evill tree.

Such a
that
all
is

such a fruct

such man, such warkis.

For
;

all

done
is

in faith pleasith

God, and ar gud werkis

and

that

done without faith displeaseth God, and ar

evill workis.

Quhosoevir thinketh to be saved by his werkis, denyeth Christ

is

oure Saviour, that Christ deid for him, and, fynallie,

all

thing that belongeth to Christ.

For how

is

he thy Saviour, yf

thow mychtest save thy

should he have
liave

self

by thy werkis

deid for thee, yf

?

Or to what end ? any werkis of thine might

?

saved thee

Wliat

is

this to say, Christ deid for thee

It is nott that

thow shouldest have deid

perpetuallie,

and that

Christ, to deliver thee frome death, deid for thee,

thy
the

peiT[3etuall
fait,

death in his awin death.

suffered the pane,

and changed For thow madest

and he

to thee, befoir ever

and that for the luif he had thow wast borne, when thow haddest done

neither good nor

evill.

Now,
not.l

since

he hath payed thy debt,

have bene

thow
thee,

deist nott

no,

thow canst

nott, bot shouldest

damned, yf his death war

Bot since he was punished for

Fynallie,

thow

shalt not be punished.

he hath delivered
it,

'

correctly

Foxe has given this sentence more " Now, seying he hath
:

canst thou pay

but shouldest bee

damned,
C

if

hys bloud were not."

payed thy dette, thou needest, neither

VOL.

I.

34

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

thee from ihje condemnatioun, and desjrith nought of thee,

but that thow shouldest acknowledge what he hath done for

thee,

and bear

it

in

mynd

and that thow woklest helpe other

deid, evin as

for his saik, boith in

worde and

he hath helped

thee for nought,

and without reward.

how ready would

and gentilnes

we be
all

to help otheris, yf
!

we knew
us, I

his goodnes

towardis us

He
all

is

a good and a gentill Lord, and he doith

thingis for nought.

Let

beseich yow, follow his foot-

steps,

whome

the world ought to prayse and wirschep.

Amen.
HE THAT THINKITH TO BE SAVID BE HIS WERKIS, CALLETH HIM
6ELVE CHRIST
:

For he

callith

him
is

self a

Saviour, which aparteaneth to

savitli
?

Christ onlie.

Wliat

a Saviour, butt he that

self;

And

thow

sayist, I save
;

my

which

is

asmuch

to say as, I

am

Christ

for Christ is onlie the Saviour of the world.

We

should do no good werkis, for that intent to get the

inheritance of heavin, or remissioun of synnes throw thame.

For w^hosoevir belcvith to gett the inheritance of heavin or

remissioun of synnes, throw werkis, he belevith nott to gett
that for Christis saik.

And

thei that beleve not, that thair

sal
;

synnes ar forgeivin thame, and that thei

Christis saik, thei beleve not the Gospell
sayith,

be saved for
Grospell

for the

Yow

sal

be saved for Christis saik

synnes ar forgevin

yow, for Christis saik.

He

that belevith not the Gospell, belevith not God.

And

consequentlie, thei which beleve to be saved be thair werkis,

or to gett remissioun of synnes be thair

awin

deidis, beleve

not God, hot raccompt

him a

Hear,

and

so utterlie

denye

him

to
?

be God.
I

Thow
so,

wilt say. Shall

we then do no good
should do no good

werkis

say not

but I say.

We

werkis for that intent to gett the kingdome of heavin, or

remissioun of synnes.

For yf we beleve to gett the inheritance

1528.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

we beleve we think to
nott to gett

35
it

of licavin throw good werkis, tlien

tlirow tlie promesse of God.
Or, yf

gett remissioun

of our synnes, as said

us by Christ, and so

is, wo beleve nott that thei ar forgevin we compt God a lioar. For God sayith,

Thow
saik.

shalt

have the inheritance of heavin

say. It
is

for

my
it
;

Sonnes

Yow

nott so

hut I will wynne

throw
but I

my

awin werkis.

So, I

condempne not good werkis

any werkis
in,
;

condempne the
that a

fals trust in

for all the werkis

man

putteth confidence
evill.

are thairwyth intoxicat or

;

empoisoned, and become

Quhairfoir, do good werkis

;

but be war thow do thame to gett any good throw thame

for

yf thow do, thow receavest the good, not as the

bott as debte unto thee,

gift of

God,

and maikest thy

self fellow

with God,

becaus thow wilt tack no thino- from him for nou2fht.

nedith he any thing of thyne,

What
is

who gevith

all

thing,

and

not
;

the poorare
for

Thairfoir do nothing to him, but tack of

him

he
all

is

ane gentill Lord, and wdth a glaidar harte will geve

us

thingis that

we

neid, than
lett

we

taik

it

of him.

So that

yf we want any thing,

us witt our

selfis.

Prease not then

to the inheritance of heavin, throwght presumptioun of thy

good werkis

for

yf thow do, thow compt est thy solve holy

wilt tack nothing of
fell

and equall unto him, becaus thow

for

him

nowght

and

so salt

thow

fall

as Lucifer

from heavin

for his pride.

Thus endis the

said Maistir Patrikis Articles.^

And

so

we

returne to oure Hystory.

' In republishing his " Actes and Monumentes," Foxe, along with Fryth's

translation

of " Patrick Hamilton's Places," has subjoined " Certaine brief

matter able to fill large volumes, declaryng to us the true doctrine of the Law, of the Gospell, of Fayth, and of Workes, with the nature and properties, and also the difference of the same." But Foxe's Notes are too long to be here inserted, and they have several times been reprinted,

Notes or Declarations upon the foresayd Places of M. Patrike." He says, " This little treatise of M. Patriko's
Places, albeit
in

quantitie
it

it

be but

short, yet in effect

comprehcndeth

36

THE HISTORY OF

Book
supposed,

I.

When
tliei

those cruell wolves had,

as

thei

cleane

devored the pray, thei fynd thame

selfis in

warse caise then

war

befoir

for

then within Sanctandrose, yea, almost

fact,) thair

within the hole realme, (who heard of that

was
re-

none found who begane not

Patrik

to inquyre, Wliairfoir
?

was Maistir

Hammyltoun brunt

And when

his Articles

war

hersed, questioun was holden, yf such Articles war necessarie

to be beloved under the pane of damnatioun.

And

so within

schort space

many begane

to call in

dowbt that which befoir

that the Universitie
principallie,

thei held for a certane veritie, in so

much

of Sanctandrose,

and Sanct Leonardis Colledge

by

the labouris of Maistir Gawin Logy,l and the no vises 2 of the

Abbay, by the Suppriour,^ begane to smell somwhat of the

veritie,

and

to espy the vanitie of the receaved superstitioun.

eftir,

Yea, within few yearis

begane baith Black and Gray

Frearis publictlie to preache against the pride

Bischoppis,
estaite.

and

idile lief of

and against the abuses of the whole

ecclesiasticall

Amongis wliome was one

called Frear Williame Arth,^

who, in a sennone preached in Dundye, spak somwhat moir

liberallie

against the licentious lyifes of the Bischoppis nor

thei could weall beair.

He

spaik farther against the abuse of

November

'

Gawin

Logye,

under

whom

so

1534.

He

probably
;

fled

many
St.

of the early Reformei's

had pro-

before the close of the year 1535

lars

but

secuted their studies, was educated at

of his subsequent history no particu-

Andrews, and took his degree of Master of Arts in 1512. In 1518, " Gavinus Logye" was " Regens Coll. Sancti Leonardi de novo fundati." In the " Acta Fac. Art.," his name occurs
as
Pi-incipal of that

College in 1523.

have been discovered. Logye's immediate successor was " Dominus Thomas Cunnynghame," whose name first occurs as Principal Regent, on the 3d of November 1537. ^ In MS. G, " novittis ;" in other
MSS., and
^

Calderwood says, that in the year ] 533, Logye " was forced to flee out of the
countrie," (vol.
is
i.

in Vautr. edit., " novices."

Pi-obably

John Wynrame,
edit.,

see note

p.

104.)

This date
the election
of Faculty,

to

a subsequent page,
'^

certainly erroneous.

of Martin Balfour, as

At Dean

In Vautr.

" William Arch-

bishop," and also in

MSS. A,

I,

and
In

" Mag'. Gavinus Logye," Principal of St. Leonard's College, was appointed one of his assessors, on the 3d of

In MS. E, " William Arth." MS. G, " William Arithe."

W.

1530-1534.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

and of
miracles.
Tlie Biscliop of Brecliin,!

37

curssing

having

his placeboes

and jackmen

in the toun, buffatted the Freir,

and

The Freir, impatient of the injury receaved, past to Sanctandrose, and did communicat the headis of his sermone with Maister Johnne Mair,2 whose wourd then
called

him Heretick.

was holden as ane

oracle, in materis of religioun

and

being-

assured of him, that such doctrin mycht weall be defendid,

and that he wald defend

tliair

it,

for

it

conteaned no heresye

was ane day appointed

;

to the said Frear, to

maik

repe-

titioun of the

sam sermon and advertisment was gevin to And all such as war oifended att the forraar to be present. in the parishe kirk of Sanctandrose, upoun the day so, appointed, appeared the said Frear, and had amonges his
Johnne Mair, Maistir George Lockart,^ the Abbot of Cambuskynneth,* Maistir Patrik Hepburne the
auditouris Maistir
'

was
for

John Hepburn, Bishop of Brechin, descended of the Hepburus of

Lothian, was Rector of the University

Bothwell.
in

He

held this See from 1517,

upwards of forty years, till his death August 1558. (Keith's Catal.) 2 Best known by his Latin name Major. He was a native of Haddington, and spent many years on the Continent, where he acquired great reputation by his numerous works, and became a Doctor of the Sorbonne. After his return to Scotland, he was for a short time (151JJ-1522) Principal Regent in the College of Glasgow, where Knox himself was his pupil. He was at tills time Vicar of Dunlop ; and Treasurer of the Chapel Royal at Stirling. In 1533, he was incorpoi'ated in the University of St. Andrews and became Provost of St. Salvator's College an office which he held till his

Andrews, from 52 1 to 1 525. He was the author of more than one work, printed at Paris, on Dialectic Philosophy. He afterwards was Dean of Glasgow, where he died on the 22d of June 1547. (Obituary in the Registrum Episcoof St.
1

patus Glasguensis, vol.

"*

ii.

p. 614.)

The

Abbot

of

Cambuskenneth,
first

Alexander Myln, was appointed

President of the College of Justice in 1532. In 1494, Alexander Myl, was a

death in 1550.

See

M'Crie's Life of

Life of

Irviug's ; and Buchanan, pp. 8, 373. ' George Lockhart, Pi'ovost of the Collegiate Church of Crichton, in Mid-

Knox,

vol.

i.

pp. 7, 339

Determinant at St. Andrews. In 1515, he was Official of Dunkeld, and iu that year he wrote a Latin woriv, Lives of the Bishops of Dunkeld, first printed In in 1823, for the Bannatyne Club. Brunton and Haig's Historical Account of the Senators, a very accurate notice is given of his several pi'eferMyln, who died nients in the Church. about the close of the year 1548, is acknowledged to have been a man of great accomplishments, and to have
displayed a
for religion

most commendable and learning.

zeal

38

THE HISTORY OF
all tlie

Book

I.

Priour of Sanctandrose,! with

of
is

Doctouris and Maistires

tlie Universities.

The theame of
it

his

sermone was, " Veritie

thing

the strongest of
it

all thingis."

His discourse of Gurssing was,

" That yf

war

rychtlie used,
;

was the moist

fearfull

upoun the
of

face of the earth

:

for it
it

was the verray separatioun

man

frome God

but that

should nott be used rashlie,

and

for everie light cause,

but onlie against open and incor(said he,) the avarice of preastis,
office,

rigible synnaris.

But now,

and the ignorance of thair

be vilipended
office is
;2

has caused

it

altogitther to

for the preast, (said he,)

whose dewitie and

ane

to pray for the people, standis

up on Sounday, and
is
flaill

AND
SIS

THE FOEME cryes,

CAUS-

'

Ane

hes tynt a

spurtill.

Thair

stollin

OF THE PEEASTIS

from thame beyound the burne.

syd of the gait

The goodwyiff

of the other

OLD CUESBING.

myne
not/
"

I geve to

How

a meaiy tale
fermling, he

Goddis maleson and lies tynt a home spune. thame that knowis of this geyi-e, and restoris it the people mocked thair curssing, he ferther told how, after a sermoun that he had maid at Dum-

came

to a house wliair gossoppis

was drynking

his Uncle,

In the year 1522, on the death of John Hepburn, Prior of the MetropoHtan Cliurch of St. Andrews, Patrick Hepburn succeeded and held the Priorate till 1535, when advanced See note 1, to to the See of Moray.
1
;

abuses to which this process was perverted.

It

and

1502,

was written between 1492 and is directed chiefly

stealers,

against
articles,

the

among

other

Of fyve

fat geiss of Sir

page 41.
^

With
Scotish Parliament passed an

caponis, hennis,

Johne RowUis, and uther fowlis

The

but

it

also contains a general invective

Act on the subject, on the 12th of June 1535, in which the cause of this
disregard
of

against persons

of their tythes or dues.

entries in the

the

censures

of

the

who defraud the clergy The following Treasurer's Books, shew

:

Church is mainly attributed to " tlie dampnable persuasions of heretikis, and thair perversit doctrine," whicli, it
is

that ecclesiastical persons were not ex-

added, " gevis occasioun to lichtly

tlie

(or despise)

process of cursing, and

utlier censures of

Haly
;

Kirlc."

(Acta

Pari. vol.
i.

ii.

p.

342
is

Keith's Hist., vol.

p. 28.)

There

a singular produc-

empted from such censures " Item, the thrid day of November [1533], to Sir Johne Smyth, uotare, to pass to execut the Process upon the Abbot of Melross, and Prioress of Eccles, for non payment of thair taxt, xl. s. " Item, the first day of Junij [1534],
.

by one of the early Scotish Poets, a priest named Sir John Rowll, called
tion
his

to

ane cheplane to pass to Curss the Pri-

oress of North Berwick

and Eccles, for

.

Cursing,

which

exemplifies

the

non payment of thair

taxtis,

xx.

s.'

1530-1634.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

39
" Yis,
;

tliair

Soundayis penny, and he, being dry, asked drynk.

resolve ane doubt

Father, (said ane of the gossoppes,) ye shall haif drynk

hot

ye
"

mon

first

which

is

rissen

amongis

us, to

witt, Wliat sei-vand will serve

man
is

beast on least expenssis."

The good Angell,

(said I,)

who

manis keapar, who maikis

" Tush, (said the gossope,)

great service without expcnssis."

we mcane no
will

so heigh materis

we meane, Wliat honest man

?"

do greatest service for least expensses

And

wliill I

was

musing, (said the Frear,) what that should meane, he said, " I
see.

Father, that the greatest clerkis ar nott the wysest men.

Know

ye not how the Bischoppis and thair

?

officiallis servis

us

husband men
dick [dyke]

Will thei not give to us a lettir of Curssing

for a plack, to laste for a year, to curse all that looke

?

ower our

and that keapis our corne better nor the sleaping boy, that will have three schillingis of fye, a sark, and payre of And thairfoir, y thair curssing dow any sclione in the year.
thing, Ave held the Bischoppis beast chaip servandis, in that
behalf, that ar within the realme."

As concernyng

miracles,

he declaired, what diligence the ancientis took to try trew " But now, (said he,) the greadynes of miracles frome false.
preastis not onlie receave false miracles, hot also thei cherise

and

feis

knaiffis for that purpoise, that thair chapellis

be the better renouned, and thair offerand

may may be augmented.

Lady

And

thainipoun ar

many

chapelles founded, as that our

war mychttiar, and that sche took more pleasour in one plaice
then in ane uther
hes hopped
fra
;

as of laite dayis our

Lady

of Karsgreng

ane grene hillock to ane uther.

(said he,) yf ye
luif

But honest

men

of Sanctandrose,

your wyffis and

send thame in

your doughtaris, hald thame at hame, or

honest companye
;

ellis

yf ye knew what miracles war kithed thank God nor our Lady." And thus neyther thaire, ye wold
for

he mearelie tanted thare

used at such devotioun.

trystis

of

hurdome and adulteiyo

for

Ane

uther article was judged more hard

he alledged

40
the

THE HISTORY OF
commoun
law,l

Book

I.

That the Civyle Magistrate mycht correct

the Churchmen,^ and deprive thame of thaire benefices, for

ojjpin \dces.

Ane

uther day, the same Frear maid ane uther sermoun of

the Abbote [of] Unreassone,^ unto

whome and whose

;

lawis he
to

compared the

prelattis of that age

for thei

war subdewid

no lawis, no moir then was the Abbote [of] Unreassoun.

And

amonges uther thingis he told such a meary bourd.

" Thare

was

(said he)

a Prelatt, or at least a Prelattis peir, a trew

sei"vand to the

King

of

luif,

who, upoun a nyclit after suppar,

asked at his gentillmen. be the fayth that thei awglit to the

king of
luif,

that thei should trewlie declare

how many

syndrie

wemcn

everie ane of

thame had

liaid,

and how many of thame

lyne with fyve, and

war menis wyiSs.

sevin,

Ane

answered,

He had

two of thame war maryed.

and three of thame ar maiyed.

into

The other answered, I have haid It came at last to my

abuse, as indeed was to be ex-

In MS. A, &c., " canon law." In MS. G, Kirkmen."_The Chiu'ch of Rome, however, always per'

pected,

when such pastimes had

and more particularly

for

their object to turn all lawful authority

into ridicule,

formed the ceremony of depriving a

Priest of his holy orders, before being

to

handed over to the secular authorities for punishment ; " because (in the words of a modern writer) she was too watchful

burlesque the services of the Church. On such occasions, " the rude vulgar
occupied
the Churches, profaned the

holy places by a

mock

imitation of the

over the immunities of the privileged

order of Priests, to deliver them up to temporal jurisdiction, till stripped of

the sacerdotal character, and degraded
to

and sung indecent parodies of the hymns of the Church ;" and the
sacred
rites,

lively representation of a scene of this

the

situation

of laymen."

(Dowp.

ling's

History of Romanism,

551,

York, 1845, 8vo.) ^ The Abbot of Unreason in Scotland, was a similar character to the Lord of Misrule in England. "This pageant potentate," as Stowe calls him, " was annually elected, and his rule extended through the greater part of the
holydays connected with

New

most readers, in a of fiction, " The Part of Sir Walter Scott's xVbbot." comment on his own description may
kind
well
is

familiar to

known

work

be here quoted

" The

indifference
their

of the clergy, even

when

power

was

greatest, to the

indecent exhibi-

which they always tolerated, and sometimes encouraged, forms a strong

tions,

days of Christmas."

the festival But these " fine

contrast to the sensitiveness with which they regarded any serious attempt, by preaching or writing, to impeach any of

and subtle disguisings, masks, and mummeries," too often degenerated

the doctrines of the Church."

ley Novels.)

(Waver-

1530-1534.

THE REFORMATION
self,

IN SCOTLAND.

41
lytill space,
'

Lord him

who macking

it

veray nyce for a

said,

gave in the end ane plain confessioun, and

yongest man, and yitt have
sevin of
I liaid

am
;

the

the round desone

and

thame ar menis
luif,

AvyiRs.'

Now,

(said the Frear,) this

god and king of

is

to

wliome our Prelaittis maikis homage,

hell,

the maistir devill of

from wliome such werkis and

fruitis

doo j)rocead."

This Prelatt was knowin by his proper

tockenes to have bene Priour Patrik Hepburne,!

of Murray,

now Bischop

who

to this

day hes continewed

this

in the professioun

that he anes maid to his god and king of luif 2

It

was supposed, notwithstanding

kynd
;

of preaching,

that this Frear

remaned papist
and thair

in his heart

for the rest of

the Frearis, fearing to losse the benedictioun of the Bischoppes,

to witt, tliair malt
maill,

and

tliair

other appoincted

pensioun, cawsed the said Frear to flye to England, whair, for

defence of the Paipe and Paipistrie, hie was cast in preasone^

at

King Hary

his

commandiment.

But

so

it i)leasith

God

to

open up the mouth of Baalames awin

asse, to cry

out againest

the vitious lyves of the clergie of that aige.

this,

Schorte after
;

new

consultatioun was tackin, that some should be brunt

" Johanni ; (1.) Hepburn, bastardis filiis
Patricii Prioris Saucti

'

Patrick Hepburn, son to Patrick

raation

et

Patricio

first

Earl of Bothwell, was educated at

naturalibus
1)5

Andrews, under his uncle, John Hepburn, Prior of St. Andi'ews, whom he succeeded in 1522. He was Secretary from 1524 to 1527. In 1535, he was advanced to the See of Moray, and was likewise Commendator of Scone.
St.

Audrcse."

Dec.

1533.

Also,

("2.)

" Legitimatio

Adanii, Patricii, Georgii, Johannis, et

Patricii Hepburn, bastardorum filiorum naturalium Patricii Episcopi Moraviensis." 4 Oct. 1545. And, (3.) " Le-

He

retained
;

his

bishopric

after

the

gitimatio Jonette et Agnetis

Reformation and died at his Palace and Castle of Spynie on the 20th of

June 1573.
'^

Knox has been blamed

" merry

for recording
;

bourd" or jest but Bishop Hepburn had rendered himself This inuotorious by his profligacy. deed appears on the face of the public records. Under the Great Seal there
tliis

Hepburn. bastardarum filiarum naturalium Patricii Moraviensis Episcopi." 14 Maij 1550. Here are no less than nine illegitimate children, evidently by different mothers. (4.) Agnes Hepburn, another daughter of the late Patrick Bishop of Murray, v.as also legitimated
on
^

Jith

Feb. 1587.

In

MS. G, " he was

iniprisonit."

passed the following letters of Legiti-

42
for

THE HISTORY OF
men began
verray liberallie to speak

Book

I.

A meary gentillman,

named Jolmne Lyndesay, famylliar to Biscliope James Betoun, standing- by when consultatioun was bad, said, " My Lord, yf
ye burne any mo, except ye follow
destroy your selves.

my

connsall,

ye

will utterlye

Yf ye
;

will

burne tliame,

lett

tliame be

brunt in

bow

sellarris

for tlie reik of Maister Patrik

Hammylit

toun

lies

infected as

many

as

it

blew upoun."l
tliair

Thus
face.

pleased

God, that thei should be tanted in

followis the moist

awin

But hear

meary of

all.

Sandie Furrour, who had

bene emj^reasoned sevin yearis in the Toure of Londone, Sir

Jolmne Dignwaill,^ according to the cheritie of Churche men,^ enterteneid his wyiiF, and waisted the poore manes substance. For the Avhicli cans, at his returnyng, he spaik more liberallie
of preastis then thei could bear,

and

so

was he declaired^
May

to

According to Spotiswood, (Hist. p. these words were spoken at the time when Henry Forrest was to be
'

Justice, on the 27th of

first

1532, at the

65,)

burnt for heresy.

-

In Vautr.

edit.,

See note 3, p. 52. "Dungwaill." In

MS. G,Dung\ven." Sir John Dingwas a priest, and evidently a person of some note. On the 18th of August 1516, his name occurs in the Treasurer's Accounts, when 3s. 8d. was
wall

meeting of the Com't, he took his seat under the title of Provost of Trinity College. But he did not long enjoy his judicial office, as he died before the 9th of July 1533. (Brunton and Haig's Se-

nators of the College of Justice, p. 11.)

Buchanan wrote an epigram on Dingwall, founded upon some verses of Sir

Adam

Otterburn

of

Redhall, King's

paid to " ane child to bring the auld

(Service
Sir
?)

Advocate,

(" argumento

sumpto
it

ex

bookis out of Edinburgh fra

to

Adami Otterburni
inferred
that

Equitis

clarissimi

Johne Dingwall

Dundie."

John

hexametris,") from which

Dingwall's

may be

Dingwall, Archdeacon of Caithness, was one of the Auditors who signs the
Treasurer's Accounts, in October 1516.

In two charters under the Great Seal, 15th September, and 19tli November 1524, he is designed Archdeacon of Caithness, and Rector of Strabrok, in Linlithgowshire. In another charter, 7th April 1529, he is styled " Dominus

had and left him no patrimony ; that he himself had acquired great wealth, accompanied with pride and luxury, whilst employed at the Court of Rome ; and that a monument had been erected to his memory, confather

been a

priest,

taining

his

titles

in

high sounding

terms.
3

Johannes
clesire

Dingwall

Praapositus

Ec-

In MS. G, " Kirkmen."

title

CoUegiatse

Sanctte

Trinitatis

notes on the use of the

applied to
Priests, in

See some " Sir," as

prope Burgum de Edinburgh." Having been nominated one of the Spiritual

Appendix, No.

IV.

Lords at the Institution of the College of

In MS. G, "

delaittit."

1530-1534.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

43

bo accused of heresye, and called to his ansiier to Sanctandroso.

ing-

He

lapp up mearely upoun

tlie

scaffold, and, casttlie

a gawmound, said, " Wliair ar the rest of

playaris ?"

Maistir

Andro

Olepliant,! offended tliainvytli, said, " It shalbe

Sir, befoir

no play to yow,

that ye depart."
first

And

so

began to
Messis in

read his accusatioun.

dispyssed the Messe.

The

article

whareof was, That he

I hear

His ansuer was, "

mo

awght
year."

dayis,

then thre Bischoppis thair sitting sayis in a

mentis.

Accused secoundarly, Of contemptioun of the sacra" The preastis, (said he,) war the maist commoun

contemiDnaris of sacramentis,

and

especiallie of

matrimonye,"

and that he witnessed by any of the

and named the menis
wyffis Avith

preastis thare present,

tliei

wliome

had medled,

and

especiallie Sir

togitther abused his awin wyff,

Johnne Dignwaill, who had sevin yearis and consumed his substance

and

said,

" Becaus I complayne of such injuries, I as one that

is

am

hear

summoned, and accused,

For Goddis
saik,

worthy to be
abused,

biTint,

(said he,) wil

ye taick wyeffis of your awin,

that I and utheris, whose wyiffis ye have

may be

revenged upoun yow."

the Old Bischop of

Then Bischope Grawin Dumbar,2 named Abirdein, thinking to justifye him self

befoir the peoj)le, said, " Carll, tliow shalt not

know my

wyff."
;

The

said Alexander ansuered, "

My

Lord, ye ar too old

bot,

with the grace of God, I shall drynk with your dochtter or I

'

Some

notice of Oliphant will

be

given in a subsequent page.

2 Gawin Dunbar was the son of Sir Alexander Dunbar of Westfield, and

the office of Clerk-Register from 1500 to 1512. In 1503, Dunbar received a

presentation
St.

to

the

Archdeaconry of
Seer.
Sigil.)

Andrews.

(Regist.

Dame
to

Elizabeth Sutherland

(see note
ii.

Poems

of William Dunbar, vol.

p.

the death of Bishop Goi-don, 30th June 1518, being promoted to the See

On

433, Edinb. 1832, 2 vols. 8vo.) and not

son of Sir James Dunbar of Cumnock, as Keith states. He had been a student at
St.

Andrews, where he took his Master's

degree in 1475.
1488, his

On

the 7th of October

Aberdeen, he resigned his ArchHe died at a vei-y advanced age on the 9th or 10th of March 1531-2. (Preface by the Editor, Mr. Cosmo Innes, to the Registrum Episof

deaconry.

name

occurs as

Dean

of his

copatus Aberdonensis,

p. Iv.)

native diocese of Moray.

He

also held

44
departe/'

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

And

thareat was smylling of the best, and lowd

;

lauglitter of

some

for the

Bischop had a dowghter maryed

with Andro Balfourl

bad, "

in that

same toune.

Then the Bischoppis

"

Away

with the

carll."
;

But he ansured,

Nay

I will

not departe this houre

for I

have more to speak against the

vices of preastis, then I cane expresse this liaill^ day."

so,
bill.

And

after diverse purposes, thei

commanded him
said,

to

burne his His ansuer

And
The

he demanding the caus, thei

articles

"

Becaus ye

have spoken these

was, "
said thame."
after spatt
it

whairof ye ar accused."

mekill devill bear tliame

away, that

first

and
it,

last

And

so

he tuck the

bill,

and chewing
face,

hee

in Mr.
it,

Andro Oliphantis
whitther ye will
:

saying,

"

Now

burne
Butt
I

it

or drune

ye heir na mair of me.

man have somewhat

of everie ane of

yow

to

begyn

my
be

pack agane, which a preast and

spentt."

my

wyif, a preastis hoore, lies

preast, glaid to

And

so everie prelate

and riche
;

qwyte of
for

his evill, gave

him somwhat
religioun.

and

so departed hie,

he understood nothing of
so
fearfull
it

But

was then

to

sjieak

any thing against

yea, albeit
;

preastis, that the least

it

word spokin against thame,

slcip,

was spokin

in a

manes

was judged heresye

and

that was practised upoun Richart Carmichaell, yet leving in

Fyfe,^

who being young, and ane

singar in the Chapell Boyal

of Striveling, happened in his sleepe to say, "

In Vautr. edit, and MS. A, &c., " Andro Balsoue." He was probably related to Martin Balfour, " Official Principal" of St. Andrews, Rector of Dunyno, and a Canon of St. Salvator's Church, The name of Andrew St. Andrews.
'

The

devill

tak

these words are literally copied by Dr.

Patrick Anderson in his

of Scotland, (vol.
sufficiently
i,

MS. History
This seems work which

p. 187.)

absurd in

Balfour occurs
St.

among

the licentiates of

late as 1636, or nearly 100 years subsequent to Carmichael's " Ane letter maid to accusation.

was written as

Leonard's College in 1 524 ; but we cannot say whether or not lie was the

Richard Carmichaell, remittaud

his

to

him

eschete

gudis pertenying to our

person who
'

is here mentioned. In MS. " hell."

Fife;

Richard Carmichael, yet living in that is, in the year 1566 but
;

Soverane, throw being of the said Richard abjurit of heresy," &c., was passed under the Privy Seal, on the
25th of

March

1539.

1530-1536.

THE REFORMATION

IN 'SCOTLAND.

45
Hie, thairfor,
of
tlic

away

tlie preastis, for tliei

ar a gready pack."

accused

be

Sir

George

Clappertoun,

Deane^

said

Chapell, was compelled tharefore to burne his

bill.

But God
pionis.

up against tliamo strongar camFor Alexander Setoun,2 a Blak Frear, of good learnscliort after raised

ing and estimatioun, began to tax the corrupt doctrin of the

Papistiye.

For the space of a hole Lentran,^ he tawglit the

onlye, ever beatting in the earis of

commandimentis of God
his auditouris,

That the law of God had of many yearis not

;

bein trewlie tawght

puritie of
it.

for

menis traditionis had obscured the

:

These war his accustomed propositionis

is

First,

Christ Jesus
is

the end and perfectioun of the law.

is

2.

Thair
satisfie

no syne quhair Goddis law

not violated.

3.

To

for

syne lyes not in manis power, but the remissioun thairof

cumis by unfeaned reapentance, and by faith apprehending

'

Clapperton was only Sub-Dean of

Sub-Dean of the Chapel Royal.

the Reformation, he
still

After

the

Chapel Royal of Stirling. The Deanery, which was first conjoined with the Provostry of Kirkheugh, St. Andrews, was afterwards annexed to Henry the Bishopric of Galloway. Weemys, Bishop of Galloway, was accordingly Dean of the Chapel Royal, 526 to during his incumbency, from 1541. In MS. G, Clapperton is er1

retained the

designation of Sub-Dean, and received

his two-thirds of the benefice, although

John Duncanson was Minister. Sir George Clapperton, Sub-Dean of the Chapel Royal of Stirling, and Vicar
of

Kirkinner,

granted

a life-rent of

the teinds of Kirkinner, 14th Septem-

roneously called Sir Jolin.

Treasurer's

From

the

Accounts we learn, that Schir George Clappertoun was " Maister

hig the latter years of

Elimosinar to the Kingis Grace," durJames the Fifth

ber 1562. (Analecta Scotica, vol. i. p. " Sir George Clappertoun, Sub 2.) Dene of the Kingis Majesties Chapell Royall of Striveling, deccissit in the moneth of Apryle 1574." In his testa-

(1538 to 1542.) "Dominus Georgius Clappertoun," on the 28th of July 1540,

obtained

ment, written at Striviling in his " awin dwelling house," on the 5th of that month^ as he nominates Mr. Robert Pont, Pi'ovost of Trinity College,
to

a presentation to the Pro-

vostship of Trinity College near Edinbui'gli.

act

as oversman,

and one of
infer,

his

(Reg.
the
in
1

Mag.

Sig.,

vol.

xiv.)

assignees,

we may

that

ClapTes-

He

sat in

Provincial Council at

perton

had

embraced
of

the

reformed

Edinburgh
his

549 under this

iv. p.

title.

doctrines.

(Reg.

Confirmed

(Wilkins, Concilia, vol.

46,

where
as

name

is

erroneously

given

taments, 21st Sept. 1574.) In MS. G, " Seytoun."

3

George Cryghton.)
signed this office

probably reon being appointed

He

&.C.,

In Vautr. edit, and MSS. G, A, " a whole Lent."

46

THE HISTORY OF
the Father mercifull in Christ Jesus, his sone.

Book

I.

God

Wliill

often tymes he puttis his auditouris in

mynd

of thir

and the

lyik headis,

and maikis no mentioun of purgatorye, pardones,

nor such
trifillis,

pilgramage, prayer to sanctes,

Doctouris,

the

dum
Lent-

and the
;

rest

of that forsworne

rable,

begane to
till

suspect
rain l

him

and

yitt said thei

nothing publictlie,
to Dundie.

was ended, and he passed

And

then, in his

absence, ane hired for that purpose openlie

damned the

hole

doctrin^ that befoir he

had tawght.

Wliich cuming to the

earis of the said Frear Alexander,

then being in Dundye,

without delay he returned to Sanctandrose, caused immediatlie to

jow the

bell,

and

to give significatioun that

he wald

preach

as that he did in deid.

In the wliich sermon he

affimied,

(and that more plainlie then at any utlier tyme,)

all his

whatsoever in
haill

hole sermones hie had tawght befoir the

;3

Lentrantyde preceding

adding, that within Scotland

thair

was no trew Bischoppe, yf that Bischoppes should be

vertewis, as Sanct Paule requyi-es

knawin by such notes and

in
Bischoppis.

This

delatioun

flew with

wyngis

to

the

Bischoj^pis earis, who, butt farther delay,

send for the said

Frear Alexander,

who began

greveouslie to complayne, and

shai-plye to accuse, that

he had so sclanderouslie spokin of the

as to say,
ellis

dignitie of the Bischoppes,

"

That

it

behoved a

Bischope to be a preachear, or

he was but a dume dogg,

and fed not the

being witty, and
defence, said, "

flock,

but fed his awin bellye/'

of that which

The man

mynded

was

his

most assured

My

Lord, the reaportaris of such thingis ar

manifest lyearis."

Whareat the Bischope^

rejosed,

and

said,

" Your ansour pleasses

1

me

weall

I never could think of yow,

all

'

In MS. G, " Lent." In Vautr. edit, and MS. G, " conthe holie doctrine."
edit,

soever he had taucht in

his ser-

mons
*

before, the hole Lent-tyde pre-

demned
^

ceiding."

and MS. A, &c.," the whole Lent past." In MS. G, " whatIn Vautr.

James Beaton, Archbishop

of St.

Andrews.

1532-1536.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

47

that ye wold be so foolisclie as to affimie such thingis,

ar thei knaiffis that have brought
pearing,

Whare

comand affirmyng the same that thei did befoir, hie still replyed, That thei wfire leyaris. But whill the witnesses war multiplyed, and men war browght to attentioun, he turned him to the Bischope, and said, " My Lord, ye may seel and
this tale

me

f Who

considder what earis these asses have,

who cane

nott discerne

betuix Paull,

Isai,

Zacharie,

and Malachie and Frear Alex-

ander Sctoun.
sayis,
*
'

In verray deid,

My

Lord, I said that Paule

Isai sayitli,

It

behoveth a Bischop to be ane teichear.'

feid
'

That thei that

nott the flock ar

idoll pastouris.^

dum
I of

doggis."

And

Zacharie sayeth,

Thei ar

my

awin head

affirmed nothing, butt declared

befoir

what the Spreitt of God had

Lord, yf ye be nott offended,

pronunced

at

whome,

my

justly ye cane nott be offended at me.

And

so yit agane,

my

Lord, I say, that thei ar manifest leyaris that rej)orted unto

yow, that I

said.

That ye and utheris that preach nott ar no

Bischoppis, but belly Groddis."

Albeit after that, the Bischope was heightly offended, asweill at the sk^vff^

and
;

bitter

mock, as at the bold

he nott hasard
;

libertie of

that learned

man

yitt durst

for that present

to execute his malice conceaved

for nott onlye feared

he the

learnyng and bold spreit of the man, bot also the favour that

he had, alsweall of the people, as of the Prince, King James

the Fyft, of

whome he had good

credite

for

he was at that

tyme

his Confessour,

and had exhorted him

to the feare of God,

to the meditatioun of Goddis law,

and unto

puritie of

lyiff.

Butt the said Bischope, with his complices, foirseing what

danger mycht cume to thair Estaite, yf such familiaritie should

continew betuix the Prince and a

man
by

so learned,
all

and so
to

repugnyng

to thair affectionis, laubored

meanes

mack

the said Frear Alexander odiouse unto the Kingis Grace, and
>

In Vautr.

edit,

and MSS. G, A, &c.,

'

In Vautr.

edit.

"

skoffe,"

" ye may

heir."

48
easely fand the

THE HISTORY OP
meanes by
tlie

Book
(wlio

I.

Gray

Frearis,

by

tliare

hypoclirisye deceaved many,) to traduce the innocent as ane

heretyk.

This accusatioun was easely reeeaved and more

easelye beloved l of the carnall Prince,

who

altogitther
all

was

gevin to the filthy loostis of the

that repugned thairto.

fleshe,

abhorred

counsall

And

becaus he did remember what a

terrour the admonitionis of the said Alexander

was unto

his

corrupted conscience, without resistance he subscrived to thair

accusatioun, affirmyng that he

knew mair then

thei did in

that mater
of the

for

he understood weall ynewcht, that he smelled

new

doctrin,

by such

thingis as he

had schawin

to

him

under confessioun.

And tharefoir he

promessed, that he should

follow the counsall of the Bischoppes in punishing of

him and
and

of

all

utheris of that sect.

These thingis understand by the

his freindis

said Alexander, alsweall

familliaris,

by informatioun of

as

by the strange contenance of the King unto

him, provydit the nixt

Prince
:

way

to avoid the fury of a

blynded

and

so,

in his habite,^ hie departed the realme,^

and
cojiy

cuming
whareof

to Beiwik, wraitt

back agane to the Kingis grace his

complaint and
followis,

admonitioun, the verray tennour and

and

is

this

Maist Gratious and Sovering Lord under the Lord and

King

of

all,

of wliome

only thy Hienes and Majestie has

this

power and authoritie to exercise justice within

under God, who
Grace and
all
is

thy Realme,

King and Lorde

of

all

realmes,

and thy
nott (I

mortale Kingis ar bott onlye servandis unto

etc.

that onlie immortall Prince Christ Jesus,

In MS. G, the words " and more

It

is

'

The exact time

of Seaton's flight

easely beleved," are omitted. In Vautr.

edit, and MS. A, &c., the passage reads. "This accusation was easely beleeved

from Scotland, and the date of his Letter to the King, have not been
ascertained.

of,"
'

&c. In the habit

to

or 1536.
of

The probable date is 1535 Some particulars of his hisin

the Dominican

tory will be given

the

Appendix,

Order

which he belonged.

No. VII.

1536.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

how

49

watc) unknawin to thy gratioiisi Hieness,

that thy Grace's

umquhill seiTand and Oratour, (and ever shalbe to

end,)
is

my

lyves

departed out of thy Rcahne unto the nixt adjacent of

Nochtheless I beleve the causse of
to thy gratiousl Majestie
:

Ingland.

my

departing
is,

is

unknawin

quhilk only

becaus

the Bischoppis and Kirkmen of thy Reahne hes had heirtofoir

sick authoritie

upoun thy

subjectis, that

appearandly thei war

regiment
is

rather King, and of the selfe false,

thow the

subject, (quhilk injust

and contrair to holy Scripture and law of

verray trew, and
testifiet expreasslie

God,) than thow thair King and maistir, and thei thy subjectis,

(quhilk
of God.)

is

be the
of onye

Word

And

also, becaus thei will give

no

man

degree or staite

(whome

thei oft falslie call Heretykis) audi-

ence, tjane, nor place to speak

and have defence

that, gif I

quhilk

is

aganist

all

law,

boith the Aid

law, called the

Law of Moses, and

mycht have had

the

New

law of the Evangell.

So

audience and place to speak, and have schawin

fence, conforme to the

my

just defled to
lyiff.

law of God, I should never have

it

any uther realme, suppose

should haif cost

liaid

me my

Bot becaus I beloved that I should haif

no audience nor

place to answer, (thei ar so great with thy Grace,) I departed,

not do^\i;tand, bott

moved

of God, unto ane bettire

tyme that
audience

God
(as

illuminate thy Grace's eyn, to give everie

man

thow should and may, and

ar accused to the death.

is

bound of the law of God,)

to certifie

who

And

thy Hienes that

heir I offer

thir ar

no vane wordis, bot of dead and

eifect,

me

to thy Grace to
will give

come

in

thy realme agane, so that thy Grace

me
:

audience,

and hear what

have

for

me

of the

law of God
quhilk
is

and cans ony Bischope or Abbot, Frear or

to

Secular,

maist cuning, (some of thame cane not read thair

!)

matynes who ar maid judgeis in heresye

the law of

impugne me be

God

and give
1

my

parte be found wrang, thy

111

MS. G,

thy Grace's."

VOL.

I.

50

THE HISTORY OF
I refuse

Book

Grace being present and judge,

condigne for

no pane worthie or

my

fait.

And
tliei

give tliat I convict tlianie

hj the
charge,

lawe of God, and that

have nothing to lay

to

my

hot the law of man, and thair awin inventionis to uphald

thair vane glorie

and piydfuU
I reporte

lyif,

and dalye scorgeing of

law of God, quhilk

thy poore

liegis

me
or

to

thy Grace, as judge, Wliither

at the

he hes the victorye that

cane not
faill

lialdis

him
tliei

nor be

false,
is

that lialdis

thame
and

at the

law of man, quhilk

rycht oft plane contrarie and aganis

fals,

the law of God, and thairfoir of necessitie

lesingis
is
?

full

of

for all

thing that
is

is

contrarie to the veritie, (quhilk

Christ and his law,)

of necessitie ane losing.

And
remane
without

to witnes that this in

cumis of

all

my

harte,

shall

Berwik

wliill I'gett

thy Grace's answer, and shall

faill

returne, haveing thy

haif audience,

and place to speak.

that

hand wreitt that I may No more I desyre of

should never have dethe treuth thairof, gif

thee

whaireof gif I had bene

suire, I

parted.

And

thow may know

feare of the justness of

my

cause,

or dredour of persequuto departe, I

tioun for the same, had

pleasandlie reverte
:

moved me

wold not so

only distrust thairfoir was the cans of

my

departing.

Pardone

me

to

say that quhilk lyes to thy

of God, (sup-

Grace's charge.
poise
till

Thow

arte

bound by the law

it

tliei

falslie lye,

saying

perteanes nott to thy Grace

cans everie man, in any

intromett wyth

sic materis,) to

case,

accused of his

lyef, to

have his just defence, and his

Thei blynd
:

accusaris produceit confomie to thair awin law.

thy Grace's eyn, that knawis nothing of thair law

prove nocht this out of thair awin law, I offer
death.

bot gif I
to the

me

Thy

Grace, thairfoir, by experience

may

daly learne,

(seing thei nether fear the

testifiis,

King of Hea^dn,
Avliy

as thair lyves

neyther thee thair naturall Prince, as thare usui-ped

power

in

thy actionis schawls,)

blindit.

thy Hienes should lye

no langar

Thow may

considder, that thei pretend

1536.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

ellis

51
tliair

nothing
bardit

bot only

tlie

mantenance and upliald of

tliare

mullis,i

augmenting of
tliringing

insatiable avarice,
tliy

and

continewall
lieges
;

doune

and swallowing up

poore

netlier prcacliing nor teaching out of the

law of God,

(as tliei should,) to the rude, ignorant people, bot

ay contend-

ing

wha may be maist

favour,

hie,

maist riche, and nerrest thy Grace,

to i^utt the temporall Lordis

and

liegis out of

thy counsall^

and

who should
all

be,

and

ar,

maist tendir servandis to

thy Grace in
croune.

tjme of

neid, to the defence of thee

and thy

And wharo
porale Lordis
lyif,

thei

desyre thy Grace to putt at thy temliegis,

and

because thei dispise thair vitiouse

what
?

ellis

intend thei bot only thy death and destruceasilie

tioun

as

thow may

perceave, sui:)poise thei cullour

thair false intent

and mjaid, with the persute of hercsye.

putt doun, what arte thow bot the
of necessitie

For

when thy baronis ar of Bane ?3 and then

and
ane
fall

King
:

man

be guydit be thame
is

thare, (no doubt,)

in the myi-e.

whare ane blynd man

guyd,

mon

be

Thaiifoir lett thy Grace tack hardi-

ment and

authoritie, quhilk

thow hes of God, and

suffer nott

thair crewell jjersecutioun to procead, without audience geving

'

Vautr.

In MS. G, " Imirdit mulls ;" in edit, and MS. L 2, " barbed
;"

mules

MS.

I,

has " barbed mooles

;"

MSS.
phrase
''

A,
is,

W, and

E,

" bardit"

or

and Jamieson's Dictionary, v. Sir Thomas Urquhart of Croniarty, amongst other remarks, says, the Presbyterians made use of Kings
Ellis
;

Bane.

" barded mules"

the

meaning

of the

mules with trappings, or

conceat."
of choosing the

" as we do of card-kings, in playing at the hundred," &c., " or, as the French

richly caparisoned.

on the Epiphany -day use their Rot/

de la febve,
or King
of

MS. G, " ^ The custom of the Bean on

In

the

Bean

King

whom,

the Vigil of the Epi-

have honom-ed with drinking of his health, and shouting

after they

phany (5th of January), was not peculiar to this country. The payments
in the Treasurer's

aloud Le

Roy

hoit, le

Roy

boit,

they

make

A ccouuts

show, that

a " Queen of the Bene " was frequently chosen. For the custom itself, see Strutt's Sports and Pastimes ; Brand's Popular Antiquities, by Sir Henry

pay for all the reckoning ; not leaving him sometimes one peiiy, rather then that the cxorbitancie of their dcbosh
should not be satisfied to the full." (Most Exquisite Jewell, Loud. 1652,
p.

23S.)

52
to liim that
is

THE HISTORY OP
accused,

Book

I.

and just place of defence.

liartis,

And
all

tlien,

(no dowbt,) tliow shall half thy liegis

and

that thei

cane or
policie

may
in

doo in tyine of neid

tranquillitie, justice,

and
the

thy realme,

and

finallie,

the

kingdom

of

heavins.

Please to gar have

this,

or the copy, to the clergy

and kirkmen, and keap the

I shall daylie

principale,

and thy Grace

shall
heclit.

have exj)ericnce gif I go aganis ane Avorde that I haif

maik

my

hartlie devotioun for

thy Grace, and

saule.

for the prosperitie

and wealfair of thy body and

will gif

doubt nott bott thy gratiouse Hienes

answere to thir

presentis unto the presentar of this to thy Hienes.

Of Ber-

wik, by thy Hienes sei'vand and Oratour.

(Sic suhscribitur,)

Alexander Setoun.

This letter was delivered to the Kingis awin handis, and of

many

redd.l

But what could greatlie^ admonitionis

prelattis

availl,

whare the pryde and coiTuptioun of

thei pleased,

commanded what
the inso-

and the

flatterie of courteouris fostered

lent Prince in all impietie.

Maistir Patrik

Frome the death of that constant witness of Jesus Christ, Hammyltoun, God disclosing the wickednes of

the wicked, as befoir

we have

hearde, tliare was one Forress

of Lynlythqw^ tacken, who, after long emj)reasonment in the

In MS.

'

2, after"
is

many

read," there

the words, " of added, " for every

The time

of Forresse, or Forrest's

gentleman at Court was curious to gett the coppie of the same, as was thocht Weill of by the most part but what," &c. On the other hand, the transeriber of that MS., in the next paragraph, omits two or three passages, concerning "the bloodie beasts," and
;

imprisonment and martyrdom has not been well ascertained ; and Knox's subsequent remark, " after whose death,
the flame of persecution ceased,
till

the

death of

Norman

Gourlay, the space of

is

ten years or neirby,"

not intelligible,

according to the dates usually assigned,

Foxe

gives no precise date, but says,

''

bands," in referring to the persecutions at this time, by " Beaton and his
Doctors."
^

that lolthin few years after Hamilton's

In

MS. G, " greitlie."

martyrdom, " ane Henry Forrest, a young man born in Linlithgow, who a little before had received the orders of

1536.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

53

said Bischop

Sea toure* of Sanctandross, was adjudgeit to the fyre by the James Betoun, and his doctouris, for non uther

cryme but bccaus he had ane

Farther of that history
constantlie,

New

Testament in Engliss.
except that he deid
at Sanctandross.
till

we have

nott,

and with great patience,

After

whose death, the flame of persecutioun ceasscd,

neyrby
not that

the death

of Maistir Noniiound Gowrlaw, the space of ten yearis^ or

;

tliei

bloody beastis ceassed by

all

meanes
any

to suppresse the light of God,

sorte

and

to truble such as in
;

war suspected

to abhore thair corruptioun

but becaus

the realme was trubled with intestine and civile warres, in the

which much blood was sched

sax, the xviiij

first,

at

Melrose, betuix the

Dowglasse and Balclewch, in the yeir of God J"

V'

twenty

day of

Julij

nixt, at

Lynlythqw, betuix the

wliair the said Erie,

Hammyltonis and the Erie of Levenax,

with

many

uthcris,

lost

his
;

lyif,

the thretten day of Sepbetuix the King him self

tember, the year foirsaid

and

last,

and the said Dowglasses,^ whome he banished the realme, and

Benet and Collet, &c., suffered death North Church stile of the Abbey Church of St. Andrews," (edit. 1576, Calderwood has copied from p. 955.) Foxe, and supposes it might have been in] 529, or the year^following. (Hist. vol. i. p. 97.) Keith conjectures it was about 1533, (Hist. vol. i. p. 15;) and M'Crie, in 1530. (Life of Knox, vol. i.
at the

whom

various sums were paid by the Treasurer " to the bigging of the dyke

about the Paliss of Linlithgow," be-

As Knox speaks of Forresse's p. 354.) " long imprisonment," wo may conjeeFrom the Treature it was in 1532.
surer's Accounts, 17th of
find that

May

1532,

we

some persons were then under

heresy, lettci-s having been sent on that day " to the Bishop of St. Andrews, to advertize hira of the changing of the diet of the accusation of the Lutherans." Forrest was a and from mention Benedictine Monk of the town where he was born, we may conjecture he was the son of " Thomas Forrest of Linlithgow," to

accusation of

tween April and July 1505. * Vautr. edit, and all the later MSS. have ei-roueously "the said tower." The Castle of St. Andrews, originally built in the year 1200, by Bishop Roger, as an Episcopal residence, stands close to the sea-shore, and one of the towers projecting into the sea, no doubt obtained for it this name. "A nuik in the bottom of the Sea tower, a place where many of God's children had been imprisoned before," is again mentioned by Knox in 1547. See note 3 on the preceding page all the MSS. read " ten years." ^ The events here mentioned wore all connected with the sway of the
'^
:

the Fifth.

Douglasses in the minority of James The first was the attempt

by

Sii-

Walter Scott of Bucclcuch,

at

54

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

held tliame in exyle during- his hole dayis.

these,

we

say,

and of other

triibles,

Be reassone of the Bischoppis and thair

bloody bandis cold not fynd the tyine so favorable unto tliame
as thei requyred, to execut thair tjTanny.

that

mydd tyme, so did the Avisdome of God provide, Hary the Eyglit, King of England, did abolishe frome his realme the name and authoritie of the Pape of Rome supIn this
;

press the Abbayis, and utlier places of Idolatrie

which geve

esperance to diverse realmes, that some godlye reformatioun

should thairof have ensewed.

And

thairfoir,

frome this our

countrey, did diverse learned men, and utheris that leved in

fear of persecutioun, repayi'e to that realme
;

whair albeit thei

fand not such puritie as thei wished, (and thairfoir diverse of

thame socht other

merciless men,

countreis,) yit thei eschaped the

tyranny of

and war reserved

within

to better tymes, that thei

mycht
partis,

fructifie

His Church, in diverse places and

and

in diverse vocationis.

Alexander Setoun remaned

sinceritie certane yearis.

in England,

and

i^ublictlie,

(with great praise and conforte of

all

many,) tawght the Evangell in

And

albeit the craftynes of Wyncester,^

and of

otheris, circum-

vened the said Alexander, that thei caused him at Paules

Croce to affirme certane thingis that repugned to his formar

trew doctrin

-^

yit it is

no dowbt, but that as God potentlie

had retired
in exile
>

the head of 1000 horse, at Meh'ose, to rescue the King from the Earl of

to

Engand, aud continued

till

the death of

James

iu 1542,

Angus, on the 25th of January 1526. The second was an equally uusuccessful

attempt, for the same end, by the

that

Earl of Lennox, at Kirkliston, on the

year, where by Sir James Hamilton of Fiunart. But the King at length made his escape from Falkland in July 1528, (or, as Mr. Tytler conjectures, on the 22d or 23d of May.) On the 5th of September that year, an act of forfeiture was passed against Archibald Earl of Angus, his uncle, and his brother Sir George Douglas. They
slain

4th of

September Lennox was cruelly

Wyncester, that is Stephen Gardyner, Bishop of Winchester. He became Lord Chancellor of England in the reign of Mary, and died in Novenv ber 1555. See Lord Campbell's Lives
of the Chancellors, vol.
' ii.

pp. 40-71.

Both Foxe and Calderwood have

preserved a detailed account of Seaton's accusation in 1541, in which year his

" Declaration

made
at

at Ponies Crosse,"

London. A notice of this rare tract, and some further particulars of his history will be added in

was printed

the Appendix, No. VII.

1536.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

rung- with

55

had

him

in all his

lyiff,

but that also in his death,

(which schortlie after followed,) he fand the mercy of his God,

whareupoim he ever exhorted

Alaesius, Maistir

all

men

to depend.

Alexander
Doctor

Johnne Fjfe, and that

famouse man

Machabeus, departed unto Duch land,l whare by Goddis providence tliei war distributed to soverall places.^ Makdwell,
for his singular prudence,^ besydis his

learnyng and godlynes,

Alesius
so

was elected borrow maistir was appointed

to

in one of the Steadis.^

;5

the Universitie of Lipsia

and

was

Maistir Johnne Fyff,^ whare, for thare honest behaveour and great eruditioun, thei
godly.

war

lialden in admiratioun with all the

credite,

And

in

what honour,

and estimatioun. Doctor

Machabeus 7
'

was with Christianus King of Denmark, Cawp-

"

Duch

land," Deutscldand

means

Germany, not Holland.

'''

contended for the translation of the Scriptures into the vernacular tongue.

See Appendix, No. VI.

Protestant

He

died at

Leipzig on the

17th of

Exiles from Scotland.

3

In MS. G, " providence."

Steidis, Stadts

March 15G5. s John Fyfe prosecuted

under Gawin Logye.

his studies

probably one of the

Calderwood has strangely confounded Macdowall and Macchabeus, as one person. Macdovvall's Clu'istian name is not given by any of our writers ; but there is, I think, little doubt that he was James Mackdowell, one of the Determinants in St. Leonard's College, St. Andrews, in the year 1515. 5 Alexander Alesius, or Alesse, was a native of Edinburgh, born in 1500, and educated at St. Andrews. Calderwood, Bayle, the Biographia Britannica, Di\ M'Crie, and, in particular, the Rev. Christopher Anderson, (Annals of the
States in North Holland.

Andrews, His name occurs as a Determinant, in 1 522, and a Licentiate in 1524. Dr. M'Crie says, that Fyfe having fled from St. Andrews, accompanied Alesse to Germany, and
in St. Leonard's College, St.

shared in his
to

honours at Leipzig.
i.

(Life of Knox, vol.

p.

37

1.)

He

is

said

have retmnied

to Scotland,

and died

in St. Leonard's, about the beginning of (Calthe Reformation, or soon after.

derwood's Hist.

vol.

i.

p. 96.)

He seems

however
7

Frankfort.

have been a Professor at See Appendix, No. VL Dr. M'Crie has brought together a
to

English

Bible,

vol.

ii.

pp.

427-4G8,)

have given detailed accounts of his subsequent life and writings. He was imprisoned, and narrowly escaped the
persecuting
violence
of his

number of particulars respecting Dr. John Macchabeus. (Life of Knox, vol. Some additional notices will i. p. 372.) be given in the Appendix, No. VI. But

it

Superior,
St.

may here be noticed, in connexion with the following footnote, that Macchabeus was brought from Wittemburg to Copenhagen, in tlie year 1 542 ; that he

Patrick

Hepburn,

Prior of
lo"29.

An-

drews, in the year

the merit of being

Alesse has
the
first

among

who

was one

of the translators of

tiie

Bible

56

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

raanhoven,^ and famowse

men
liis

of diverse nationis, cane

servandis,

testifie.

Tims did God provid

in

for

and did

frustrat the

expectatioun of these bloody beastis,

who by

the death of one,

whome

the lyght of

God

did clearly scliyne, intended to

for ever
;

have suppressed Christis trewth

(as said

within this realme.

But the contraiy had God deciyed

cause,
is,)

for his

death was the

that

many

did awaik frome the deadly

sleape of ignorance,

and

so did Jesus Christ, the onlye

trew

Light, schyne unto many, for the way-tackin of one.

albeit that these notable

And

men

did never

after, (Maistir

Johnne

F}'fe onlie excepted,) conforte this countree

with thair bodelye

presence

yit

maid thame

fructifie in

His Churche, and raissed

tliame up lightis out of darkness, to the prase of his awin

mercy, and to the just condempnatioun of thame that then

rewled, to wit, of the King, counsall,

and

nobilitie,

yea of the

hole people,

who

sufferred such notable personages, without

injustlie persecuted,
:

crymes committed, to be
Otheris war

and

so exyled.

after evin so entraited

but of thame

we

shall

sj)eak in thair

awin

places.

No

soonare gatt the Bischoppis oportunitie, (which alwyise

thei sought,) but so sone

renewed thei the

battell against

Jesus Christ

for the foirsaid leprouse Bischop, in the year of

God
iuto

J""'

Y^' thretty four, caused to

be summoned Sir Williame

visited

Danish,
in
1

first

printed at Kioben;

Arms,
his

Denmarlc
with

in

haifn,

550,

folio

and that he

acquaintance

1550 ; and Macchabeus

of the

died on the 5th of

8

December 1557.

might have led

to the first publication

In Vautr. edit., and MSS. G, W, &c., " Cawpmanhowen ;" in MS. G, " Capmanhoven." This name joined with the words " and famous men," might suggest that an individual was meant. It is however Copenhagen, (in
chant's

of his Dialog, or

Four Books

Monarchic, under a fictitious designation, although actually printed by John Scot, either at St. Andrews or Edinburgh in 1554 it bears on the title, " Imprintit at the command and ex:

Danish, Kiobenhaven, i. e. the Merhaven,) the city in which

pensis of

Macchabeus attained great distinction. Sir David Lyndesay of the Mount, in his official character as Lyon-King at

in Capa later edition, apparently in 1553 and 1559, with a

Doctor Machabevs
There
is

manhovin."

similar imprint, but the

ei-ed

name

is

rend-

" Nachabeus."

1536.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

57

Kirk,

Adam

Dayis, Hendric Karnes, Jolinne Stewart, indwell-

aris of Leytli,i

with diverse otheris, such

Maister

as,

Maistir Williame

Jolinestoun,2

Henry Hendyrson,

schoohnaister

of of

Edinburg-h,3 of
The 26th

whome some compeired

a
letter,

in the

Ahbay Kirk

of

date assigned for the

August 1534, is the trial, " befoir the

Queen's name, which

written to the Pope, in the states, " that the

Bishop of Ross, be ane commission of

the Bischope of Sanetandrois," of Kirk

bearer, Mr. AVilliam Johnstone, a lay-

man, had ten years previously imbibed

the

and

others.

(Diurnal of Oecurreuts,

new

doctrines

that after

much

Of these persons, Caldervvood infoi-ms us, that Sir William Kirk, as his name denotes, was a priest ; but " whether he compeared and abjui'ed, or
p. 18.)
fled,

distress of to

mind, he earnestly longed

Christ, but

be reunited to the mystical body of no opportunity had hitherto

itself.

presented

Wherefore

James

we can

find no certaintie ;" that

Adam
the

Dayes, or Dease, was " a shipwright that dwelt on the north side of
bi-idge

Earl of Arran, Governor of our kingdom, supplicates that his Holiness the
into the

of

Leith

;"

that

Henry
;"

Pope might receive the said William bosom of the Church." This

Cairnes, "skipper in Leith, fled out of

the countrie to the Easter seas
that "

letter is dated the 18tli of April 1544.

and

(Epistolee
p. 200.)
^

Regum

Scotorum,

vol.

ii.

John Stewart, indweller

in Leith,

died in exile." (Hist. vol. i. p. 108.) " Henricus Cairnys, incola de Leith,"

Henryson, or Henderson, appears

College,
St.

in the list of Licentiates in St. Salvator's

was denounced as a fugitive, and condemned^ for heresy, in 1538-9 ; and on the 8th of April 1539, the names of seveu sons and five daughters of Henry
Carnis in Leith, are specified in a letter

Andrews,

in

1524.

He had

previously been employed as

under the Pi-ivy Seal, granting them

the escheat of the various goods and

property which belonged to their father.

(M'Crie's
358-366.)
2

Life of

Knox,

vol.

i.

pp.
is

In Vautr,

edit.,

MS. A,

&c.,

added,

"our

a'dvocate."

Johnstone
name
Mr.

an assistant to Mr. David Vocat, principal Master and Tutour of the Grammar School of the burgh of Edinburgh, who having chosen " his kind freend and discipill. Master Henry Henrison, to be con-master;" this nomination was approved of by George Bishop of Dunkeld and Abbot of Holyroodhouse ; and (apparently on the death of Vocat,) it was further confirmed by a royal
charter, dated 21st of

studied at St. Andrews, and his

March

1529, en-

appears
St.

among

the Determinants, in

joyning that "the said Master

Henry

Leonard's College, in 1525.

William Johnstone was the last of nine Advocates who were admitted at the insitution of the Court of Session, 27th May 1532. The time when he fled appears to have been two years later.

Henrysoun be at hie solempne festivale tymes with ws, the said Abbot and Mass and oiu" successouris, at Hie Ewin sang, with his surples upoun him, to do ws service the time that we sail
doe devyne service within our said Abbey, as efferis." (Reg. Mag. Sigilli,
lib.

But

after

the death of

James V. he

returned to Scotland, probably with the Governor, and apostatized from the

xxiii.

No. 157.
ii.

Sec

M'Crie's Life

of Melville, vol.

p. 479,)

Calderwood,
fled.

Reformed

faith.

This we learn from

in mentioniiig that

Henryson had

58
Halyrudliouse,
byllis
-A

THE HISTORY OF
and
so

Book

I.

abjured
nott,

and and

publictlie

brynt tliare

otlieris

compeared

tbarefoir

war exyled.

Butt in judgement war produced two, to wit, David Stratoun,^

a gentilman, and Maister Normound Gowrlay,^ a
reassonable eruditioun, of wliom

man

of

Maister

we mon Normound appeared knawledge,

scbortlye speak.
albeit

In
witli

joyned

weakness.
the
first,
;

But in David Stratoun, could onlye be espyed,

for the causse of his delatioun Avas,

for

a liaterent against the pride and avaritiousnes of the

preastis

him

self

ane fische boit to go to the

(then being Priour of

Murray,
touris,

he had maid to The Bischop of Sanctandross,'^) and his facsea.

urgeid

him

for the teind thairof

His ansuer was,

Yf

thei wald haif teynd of that which his seiTandis

sea, it

war but reassoun, that

;

thei
so,

wane in the should come and receave it

was constantlye
affirmed,
fische in the sea aarane.

whare hie gatt the stock

and

as

he caused his servandis cast the tenth

and been condemned as a heretic, adds, that he died in England. (Hist. vol. i. The escheat of his goods was p. 108.) granted to James Bannatyne, according to an entry in the Treasurer's

March

538-9, for the

sum

of 20, the

composition of a tenement in Dundee, falling to the King, " per decessum

Davidis Straitoun in Q,uhitstoun, justificati

ad mortem pro

certis crimini-

Accounts,

1539,

1540,

" Compositio

bus heresieos," was granted to David

bonorum eseliBetorura Magistri Henrici Henderson convict, de crimine heresieos, ab antiquo concess. Jacobo Bannatyne," &c. (M'Crie's Life of Knox,
vol.

i.

Gardyne and Mariote Erskyn.

Pits-

cottie erroneously places the execution

p. 359.)

To burn
(says

one's

bill,

was a sign of

re-

cantation.
bill,

" The form of burning one's

Keith,)

or recanting, was

this

The

of Stratoun and Gourlay under the year 1530. Their trial took place in Holyroodhouse, in the King's presence James Hay, Bishop of Ross, (from 1525 to 1538,) acting as Commissioner for Archbishop Beaton. (See Foxe's

person accused was to bring

it

Martyrs; Cald.
Keith's Hist. vol.
^

Hist.
i.

vol.
1

i.

p.

106;

a faggot of dry sticks and burn

licly,

pub-

p.

6.)

that

by which ceremony he signified he destroyed that which should

his death."
i.

Norman Gourlay was

in

priest's

have been the instrument of

(Hist. vol.
p. 15.)

and had been a student at St. Andrews. His name occurs in the list of Determinants, in 151 3, and of Licenorders,
tiates, in 1515.
'

^ David Stratoun is described by Calderwood and other writers, as a bro-

These words are added

in the

mar-

ther of the Laird of Lauriston. note to next page.)

(See

gin of the MS., pi'obably in Knox's

own

On

the 10th of

hand.

153G.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

59

Processe of curssing was led against liim, for non payment of

such teindis

;l

wliicli

answer
foir

for heresye.

he begane to

when he contempned, he was delaited to him vehementlie and thairfrequent the company of such as war godlie
It tnibled
; ;

for befoir

he had bene ane

all

man

verry stubburne, and one that

dispysed

reading, (cheaflie of those thingis that

it

war godly
;

;)

but miraculouslie, as

war, hie appeared to be changeid

(albeit

for

he delyted in nothing but in reading,

cord, to qwyetness,

him
all

self could

not reid,) and was ane vehement exhortar of

men

to con-

and

to the

contempt of the warld.

He

frequented

much

the company of the Lard of Dun, wliome

God, in those dayis, had marvelouslie illuminated.

Upoun a
Testa-

day, as the Lard of Lowristoun,^ that yit lyveth, then being

ane young man, was reading unto him upoun the

ment, in ane certane qwyet place in the
"
feildis,

New
as

God had
eschamed
will

appointed, he chaunced to read these sentenceis of our Maistir,

Jesus Christ
of

He

that denyis
this

me

befoir

men, or

is

me

in the

myddest of

wicked generatioun, I

deny

him

in the presence of

my

Father,

and

befoir his angellis."

At which wordis, he suddandlie being as one ravissed, platt him self ^ upoun his knees, and extending baith handis and
^

See note to page 38.

The Rev.

C.

(3.)

George Stratoun, son and heir of

in

Anderson shows, from Foxe, that it was the Vicar of Ecclesgreig, and not Prior Hepburn, with wlioni Stratoun hud a dispute about tytlies. (Annals,
vol.
'

Andrew Stratoun de eodem,

1539

and George Stratoun de Lauriston, in 1547. (The last will of George Stratouu of that
1576,
in
ilk,
is

recorded 5th

Api'il

ii.

p.

470.)

the

Register of

Confirmed
son

From
it is

the Register of the Great

Testaments.)
(4.)

Seal,

evident that the Stratouns of

Alexander Stratoun,
This Alexander

and
de
3(1

Stratoun and the Stratouns of Lauriston in Kincardineshire, were one and

the

heir of George Stratoun de eodem, in

1553.

Stratoun
of
father,

same

family.

Thus we

find that

eodem

was
de

served

heir
liis

George

charters were granted to

Stratoun

eodem,

Alexander Stratoun de eodem, and Agnes Ogilvy his spouse, in 1507 and to Alexander Stratoim de Laui'anstoun, (of the barony of Stratoun,) in 1509. (2.) Andrew Stratoun de eodem, and Isol)el Lindsay his spouse, in 1541.
(1.)
;

June 1580. David Stratoun, who suffered martyrdom, was probably a younger son of the first Alexander Stratoun above
mentioned.
'

In

MS. G, "

cast himself."

60
visage constantlie to

THE HISTORY OF
tlie lieavin

Book

I.

a reassonable tyme, at lenth

"

he burst

furtli

in

tliese

wourdis,

Lorde,

wicked, and justlie

may

tliow extract

I liave bene thy grace from me.

But, Lord, for thy mercyis saik, lett

me

never deny thee, nor

thy trewth, for fear of death or corporall pane."

declaired that his prayer

The ischew
with

was not vane

for wlien he,

the foirsaid Maistir Normound, was produceid in judgement

King him self, (all cled in redd,) being present, great laubouris war maid, that the said David Stratoun should have recanteid, and brunt his But he ever standing at his defence, alledgeing that he bill.
in the

Abbey

of Halyrudhouse, the

had not offended, in the end was adjudgeid unto the fyre and then, when that he perceaved the danger, asked grace of the King, (which he wold willinglye have granted unto him :)
;

The Bischoppes proudly answered. That the Kingis handis war bound in that case, and that he had no grace to give And so was he, to such as by tliare law war condempned. with the said Maistir Normond, after dennar, upoun the twentye sevin day of August, the zeir of God J"' V' thretty four foirsaid, lead to a place besydis the Roode of Greynsyd ;l and tliair tliei two war boyth hanged and brunt, according To that same dyett to the mercy of the Papisticall Kirk.2 war summoned, as befoir we have said, otheris of whome
some eschaiped
the death.
'

in England,^

and

so for that present eschaiped

The Rood or

cross of Greenside.

Among
time

the persons wlio fled at

to

The

actual site of the gibbet, where

is

criminals were executed,

doubtful
;

somewhat
p.

(Maitland's
it

Edinburgh,

215;) but

was near the road leading

England, was James Hamilton, Sheriff of Linlithgow, and brother of Pati-ick Hamilton also his sister Katherine. In August 153-5,
this
;

from the Calton towards Leith. James the Second, in 1456, had granted a piece, on the eastern side of this road, in the place which still retains the name of
the Greenside, for holding public sports

as a gentleman
for

Cranmer introduces him to Crumwell who had left his country

no cause, but " that he favoured ;" and on the 24th of April 1536, he sent to Crumwell a copy of the sentence given against him by the Bishops at Holy,

the truth of God's word

and tournaments.
'

In MS. G, " Church."

1538.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

tliaire

61

Tliis

tyranny notwitlistanding,

the

knowledge of
parthe

God

did wonderouslie increase within this realme,

partlie

by brotherlye conferance, which in those dangcrouse dayis was used to the comforte of many butt cheaflie by merchantis and marinaris, who, frequenting other by reading,
;

cuntreis,

heard the trew doctrin affirmed, and the vanitie

Papisticall

of

the

religioun

openlye

rebucked

Amongis

wliome war Dundy and Loyth principalles, against

whome

was maid ane verry strayte inquisitioun, by David Betoun, cruell Cardinall ;^ and diverse war compelled to abjure and
some in Sanctandross, and some at EdinAbout the same tyme, Capitane Johnne Borthwik was brunt in figure, but by Goddis providence eschaiped thair And this was done, for a spectackle and triumj^he to fury.5
burne
tliair byllis,

burgh.

Marie of Loreane,^

laitlie

arrived fra France, as wyif to

James

the Fyft, King of Scottis.

liir,

Wliat plagues sche brought with

and how

tliei yitt

continew, such as ar nott blynd

may

manifestlie see

The
Kingis

raige of those

bloody beastis proceadith so that the

Courte

it

self eschaipit nott that

danger

for in

it

rood, praying that

his

Henry would

write to

when

Sir

John Borthwick, being

ac-

See the Rev. Chr. Anderson's Annals of the English

nephew on
ii.

his behalf.

cused, but having

made

his escape to
effigy.

England, was burned in

date was the 28th of

The

Bible, vol.
*

pp. 471, 472.

Hamilton

May

1540, or two

obtained permission to return in 1540.

The exact dates

of the several per-

days after the baptism of Prince James. See Appendix, No. VIII.
^ Mary of Lorraine, daughter of the Duke of Guyse, and widow of the Duke the of Longueville, became James

sons accused of heresy, or

who

suffered

martyrdom in Scotland during the reign of James the Fifth, in many instances
cannot be ascertained
that while
;

but

it is

evident

many

persons were accused

between 1534 and 1537, the flames of

persecution were rekihdled with greater
that David Beaton became Coadjutor of St. Andrews, and was raised to the dignity of a Cardinal,
fury, at the time
at the close of the year 1538.
'

On her arrival Fifth's second Queen. from France, she landed at Balcomie, near Crail, in Fife, on the 14th of June 1538. She was conveyed to St. Andrcws with great pomp and Pitscottie has furnished an interesting account of the pageants, &c., represented on that
;

festive occasion.

See also Lyon's Hist.

i.

Knox has here mistaken

the time

of St. Andrews, vol.

p.

273.

62
diverse
still

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

And yitt ever war suspected, and some accused. darknes for myddis of burst in tlie out did some lyclit
;

the trewtli of Christ Jesus

alsweall of Frearis, as of

entered evin in the

cloastearis,

Monkis and Channounes.

habite,
Frearis.

Jolinne

Lyn, ane Gray

freare,

left his hipocryticall

and the
freir,

den of those murtheraris the Grray

sioun
in

Ane Black

called Frear Kyllour,! gett furtli the Historye of Christis Pas-

forme of a play,

quhilk he boitli preached and

practised opinlie in Strivcling', the

sent,
all

upoun a Good Friday

in the

King him mornyng

salf being- pre:

In the which,

thingis

war

so levelye expressed, that the verray sempill

people understood and confessed,

obstinat Jesus,

that as the Preastis

and

Pharisyes

persuaded the people to refuise Christ

to

and caused Pilat

condampne him

so

did the

Bischoppes, and men called Religious, blynd the perswaid Princes and Judgeis to persecute sick

people,

and

as professis

Jesus Christ his blessed Evangell.

This plane speaking so enflammed the hartes of bare the beastis mark, that
said Frear Kyllour,
tliei

all

that

ceassed nott,

till

that the

and with him Frear Beverage, Sir Duncane

Symesoun,2 Robert Froster,^ ane gentilman, and Dene Thomas

'

In Vaiitr.

edit.,

" Killor."

Uufor-

pertenyis

to

our Soverane Lord

be

tunately his play, which probably was

reason of eschete, through justifying

of the said Sir
for certane

represented in 1535 or 1536, has not been preserved. Neither has any in-

Duncane

to the deid

formation
2

respecting

Friar

Kyllour

himself been discovered.

The property

of persons convicted

crymes of heresy imput to him." (M'Crie's Knox, vol. i. p. 363.) 3 jjj Vautr. edit, and the later MSS. " Forrester." Robert Forrester was

of heresy and other penal crimes, be-

" brother

to

Thomas Forrestare

of

came escheated

and the escheat was usually bestowed by a special grant from the King under the Privy Seal, upon payment of a comto the
;

Crown

High Treasurer. On March 1538-9, such a grant was made to James Menteith, "of
position to the

Arngibbonne," Along with " William Forrestare, son to John Forrestare, burgess of Stirling," and three other persons, he found surety to underly the law, on the gi-ound of "haifing and
using of
sic

the 1st of

bukis as ar suspect
lOtli

of

heresy," &c.
216.)
It

January 1538-9.
Trials,
vol.
i.

all

gudis quiiilkis pertenit to umquhile

(Pitcairn's Criminal

p.

Sir

Duncane Syrasoun, Chaplane, and

appears from

Knox and

other

1539.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

63

Forret,^ Cliannoun Regulare

of upright

lief,

who

all

and Vicar of Dolour, ane man togetther war cruelly murthered in

zeir of

one

fyvc,^ the last

day of Februar, in the

[God] 1538.^

This cruelty was used be the said Cardinall, the Chancellar,

Bischope of Glasgw, and the incesteous Bischope of

blane.'''

Dum-

After that this cruelty was used in Edinburg-lit, upon the

Castell Hill, to the
eftect
selfis

that the rest of the

Bischoppes
the

mycht schaw thame

two

no

less

fervent

to suj^press

light of God, than hie of Sanctandrose was,

in the Diosey of Glasgw.

war apprehended

Russall,^ a Cordyleyr frear,

The one was named Jeronimus a young man of a meak nature,

of March. But the actual date of their martyrdom, instead of the last day of February, seems to have been the 1st of Mai'ch, according to an incidental notice in the Household Books of James

authorities, that

he was condemned, and

1

suffered on the

st of

March

that year

and after their death, the goods of Robert Forrester, and of Wilham Forrester, were confiscated 23d March
1538-.0.
^

the Fifth

as, in

order to render the

in

Of Thomas Forret, Canon-regular tlie Monastery of St. Colm's Inch,

and Vicar of Dollar, who finished his education at Cologne, an interesting

account
tyrs,
is

example more striking, the King himself was present "1 Mar. 1539. Accusatio Hrereticorum et eorum Combustio, apud Edin:

preserved in

and has been

cojiied

Foxe's Marinto " The

burgh,

gia, vol. xxii. p. 7.)

Rege presente." (ArchreolO' The next day the

Scots Worthies." His father is said to have been Master of the King's Stables, in the reign of James the Fourth. In the Treasurer's Accounts, in February
1501,

King

retuinied to Linlithgow.
is

cor-

responding notice
1539.

furnished by the
1st

Treasurer's Accounts,

of

March

we

find

the

name

of

Thomas

" Item, deliverit to Archibald Heriot

messinger, to pas and search their goods

Forret, as one of the persons at Court

to

whom

dresses were furnished at the

who were abjured and

in

declared heretics
.

King's expense. In like manner, " 1507, July 9. Item, to Thome Foret,
in bredil-silver of

ane hors send furth of

.

Sanct Johnstoun to the King,

ix

s.

"1512, July
Inglis schippis,
5

10.

Item, to

Thome
xiiij s."

Foret, to pas to Fast Castle, to see the

Edinburgh and Stirling, xij s." ^ That is, the Cardinal Beaton ; Gawin Dunbar, Archbishop of Glasgow and Lord Chancellor and George Crichton, Bishop of Dunkeld. * In a letter from Sir Tliomas Whar;

ton, at Carlisle, 7th

November

1538, to

In MS. G,

is

added, "

Upoun

the

Castell Hill."
6

That

is

1538-!), the

year then bethe 25th

ing reckoned to

commence on

Lord Crumwell, it is said, " There was at Dumfreis laitlie one Frere Jerom, callid a well lernid man, taken by the Lorde Maxvell upon commandment

64

THE HISTORY OF
sj^rcat,

Book

I.

qwyk
Scotisli

and good

letteris

and one Kennedy,! who

passed not xviij jearis of aige,

poesye.

one of excellent injyne in

To

assist

the Bischope of Glasgw in that

cruell

judgement, or att least to cans him dippe his handis

in the blood of the Sanctes of God,

war send Maister John

ser-

Lawder,2 Maister Andro Oliphant,^ and Frear Maltman,

geantis of Satlian,^ apt for that purj)ose.
to thare
crueltie

The day appointed

approched,

the two poore Sanctis of

:

God

war presented
first

befoir those bloody bowcheouris

grevouse war
at the

the crymes that war layed to thare charge.

Kennedy

was

faynt,

and

glaidly wald have recanted.

But whill

from the Bishopis, and

lyitli

in sore

yerous, like to suffre for the luglish

Beaton to him, dated 11th November In May 1540, in 1539, (vol. i. p. 13.)
the proceedings against Sir
wick, he
is

menes opynyous, as
the lawis of Gode.
daylie,

thai saie, anenpst

John BorthOli-

Hit passeth abrode

tliere,
all

styled
to

Notary Public, and

Beaton.

thankes be to God,
vol. v. p. 141.)

Secretary
phant,

Cardinal

that

same notwithstandinge."

(State

Papers,
1

Petrie the Church Historian, says,

(misnamed Eliphant,) in the Provincial Council, held at Edinburgh in 1549, is styled " Secretarius et Notarius
in
i.

" The summer following (153!),) Jerome Russell, a Gray friar, and Thomas Kennedy, a young man of Aire, not above 18 years of age, were at Glascow,
179.)

vol.

p. 46.)

Concilio." (Wilkins, Cone, In 1553 and 1554, he was

again employed at Rome, in the affairs of the Governor and of Archbishop

accused

of

heresy."

(Hist.

p.

Hamilton

and

in 1558,

he appeared as

Whether he had any authority for calling him Thomas, can only be conjectured. Calderwood names him N. Kennedy hence he has been called
;

the accuser of Walter Myll,

for heresy.

when

tried

See next note. The name of Mr. Andro Oliphant, Notary Public,
also occurs in

November

1559, in the
p. 508.)

page 5. 2 Of Mr. John Lauder meution will afterwards be made, in connexion with

Ninian

but see note

3,

Acts of Parliament, (vol. ii. * In MS. G, " servantis."

edit,

In Vautr.

Knox's account of George Wishart's

trial.
3

"servantes;" and Vautr. edit.,MSS. A, E, &c., read Meitman." Of this

Oliphant was educated at

St.

Anthe

Friar, who with Lauder and Oliphant, are emphatically styled " servants of

drews, his

name

occurring
1

among

Satan," not

much

is

known.

Accord-

Determinants, in

525.

Having taken

ing to Pitscottie, whilst Schir

Andrew

he obtained preferment in the Chm'ch, as Vicar of Foulis and Innertig and was employed by Cardinal Beaton as his confidential agent at Rome. In Sadler's State Papers is an intercepted letter from
his Master's degree,
;

Oliphant stood forth as the public accuser of Walter Myln, in April 1558,

Friar Maltman preached a sermon on

the same occasion, previously to his
trial

in

the

Abbey Kirk

of St.

An-

drews.

1539.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

65

that place of reapentance was denyed unto him, the Spreit

of God, which
into him,
is

the Spreit of

all

conforte,

begane to wyrk
furth,

yea the inward conforte begane to burst

;

alsweall in visage, as in tung

begane to be

cheai-fuU,

and wourd for his countenance and with a joyfull voce upoun his

kneis, hie said, "

eternal

God

how wonderouse
all

is

that luf

and mercy that thow bearest unto mankynd, and unto

the moist cative and miserable wrache above
evin now,
utheris
;

me
for,

when

wold have denyed thee, and thy Sone, our

Lord Jesus Christ,

self in everlesting

my

onlye Saveour, and so have casten

;

my
me

damnatioun

thow, by thy awin hand, has

hell,

pulled

me
fear,
;

frome the verray bottome of

and mackis
fi*a

to feall that heavinlie conforte

which tackis

godly

whainvyth befoir
:

was oppressed.

death

do what ye please

I praise

my God

me that unNow I defy am readdy."

The

godly and learned Jeronimus,

is

rayled upoun by those

godless tyrantes, ansurcd, " This

of darknes
:

your houre and the power

;

now

sytt

ye as judgeis

and we stand wrong-

fullie accused,

and more wrongfullie

to be

condempned

but

the day shall come,

that ye shall see
confusioun.
quitie."

when our innocency

fulfill

shall appeare,

and
ini-

your awin blyndness, to your everlesting

the measur of your

Go

fordward, and
that these

Wliill
selfis,

servandis of

God thus behaved

the Bischope said,
to putt

thame

aiyseth a variance betuix the Bischope and the

beastis that
" I think
it

came from the Cardinall

for

better to spayr these men, nor

thame

to

death."!
will

Wliarat the idiot Doctouris offended, said, "

What

ye do,

my

Lord

Will ye

Cardinall and the other Bischoppes

so

ye

do,

ye schaw your

self

Lord and we have done ? Yf ennemye to the Kirk and us,

condempne

all

that

my

'

Petrie, in his notice of their trial,

"because Bishop Gawin Dunbar was thought cold iu the business, Messrs. John Lauder, and Andro Oliphant, and Frier Maltman, were sent
says,

from Edinburgh to assist him." (Hist, Part ii. p. 179.) We may uidecd conelude, that unless for the zeal of these
Inquisitors, Russell

and Kennedy might have escaped martynlom.

VOL. L

66

THE HISTORY OF
so

Book

I.

and

we

will reputt

yow, be ye assured."

At which

wordis,

the faythless

man

effrayed,

adjudgeed the innocentis to dye,

according to the desyi-e of the wicked.

till

The meak and gen-

Jerome Russall conforted the other with many confortable more sentences, oft saying unto him, " Brother, fear nott
:

potent

is

He

that is in us,

then

is

hie that

is

in the world

The pane that we

thairfoir lett

shall suffer is schorte,

and shalbe lycht

:

but our joy and consolatioun shall never have end

And

us contend to enter in unto our Maister and

by the same strait way, which he has traidd^ befoir Death cane not destroy us for it is destroyed allreaddy by him for whose saik we suffer." Wyth these and the like
Saveour,
us.
;

confortable sentences, thei passed to the place of executioun

and constantlie triumphed owir death and Sathan, evin in the

myddest of the flammyng
fyre.

And

thus
all

did those

cruell

beastis

intend

nothing but
far

murther in

the quarteris of this Realme.2

For so

had

that blynded and most vitious man, the Prince, (most vitious,

we
far,

shall

call

him, for hie nether spaired manis wieff nor

after his

madyn, no more

manage then he
self to

did befoir,)

so

we

say,

had he gevin him

that he

obey the tyranny of

those bloody beastis,

had maid a solempned vow, That none should be spaired that was suspect of Heresye, yea,
^

In IMS. G, " trod

:"

in Vautr.

eclit.

"wife to

the late capitaigne of Donbar,

retorne, for holding our

" taken."
2

and dare not

of Norfolk, in a letter
lande,

Thomas Duke

waies, as she saithe.

Lord Criunwell from Berwick, 29th of March 1539, says, " Dayly commeth imto me, some gentlemen and some clerkes, wich do flee owte of Scotland, as they sale, for redyng of Scriptui-e in Inglishe; saying that, if they were
to

She was in Engand sawe Queue Jane. She was Su* Patricke Hamelton's doughter, and her brother was brent in Scotlande 3 or 4 yeres past." (State Papers, vol.

v. p.

155.)
is

date

This last reference as to an obvious mistake. See ex-

taken, they sholde be put to execution.

I

tract from Foxe's Martyrs, in Appendix,

geve them gentle wordes In the same

is

and

to

some, money."
adds, " Here

letter,

he

No. V., respectuig Katherine Hamilton, and her brother, James Hamilton of
Kincavel, who returned in 1540, and mentioned in the following note.
is

nowe

in

tliis

tovme,

and

hath be[ne] a good season, she that was

1640.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

it

67

altliouglit

war

liis

awin sone.

To

press

and push him

fordward in that his fury, he Licked not

flatteraris

ynew
;

for

many

of his minzeonis Avar pensionaris to preastis

yitt

amangis

whome, Oliver Sjnchir,

the principale.

remaning ennemy to God, was

And

yit did not

God

cease to give to that

blynded Prince documentis, that some suddane phigue was to

fall

ui)oun him, in case hie did not reapent his wicked lief;
his

and that

awin mouth did

confcsse.

For

after

that Sir

James Hammyltoun was beheaded,! (justlie or injustlie we disput nott,) this visioun came unto him, as to his familiaris him self did declare The said Sir James appeared unto him,
:

having in his handis a drawin sworde, by the which fra the

King hie stroke

"

boitli

the armes, saying to him these wourdis,

finall

Tak

that, whill

thow receave a

payment

for all

thy
liie

impietie."

This visioun,^ with

sorowfnll

conteanance,

1 Sir James Hamilton of Finnart was a bastard son of James first Earl of Arran but he obtained letters of legitimation, 20 Jan. 1512-13. llis slaugh;

the Kingis
tuix the
beris,

wark
and
.

in Striveling, as the

appointment

contract maid beCompt and him thairupon

.

iiij"'-

Ub." (4000.) gevin

in

ter

of the

(see note 5,

Lennox in 1526, page 54,) was rewarded by

Eai'l

of

" Item,

(in

April

1540,)

to

Schir James

Hammyltoun,

parte

the

Captaincy of Linlithgow Palace.

payment

of the rest of his comptis for

In Buchanan's Admonition, written in

1570, after the Regent Earl of Murray's death, to expose " the practises
of the Hamiltons," there
is

the warkis of Lynlythqw and Blakness, at the Kingis

command, be ane
iij=-

precept,

lib."

(300.)

a detailed

But
than
it

his

fate

was not

less

sudden

account

of

the

several

conspiracies

against James the Fifth, in which Sir James was concerned. But Hamilton latterly became a favovirite of the lung, and acquired large possessions. In 1533, he was appointed an Extraordinary Lord of Session and, as Master
;

of Works, he superintended the build-

ing or additions
royal edifices.
Sept. 1538,

made

to the Palace of

Linlithgow, Blackness Castle, and other

(Treasiu*er's

Accoimts,

must have been unexpected. In the same record, we find that on the 16th of August 1540, a messenger was employed " for summonyng of ane assiss to Scliir James Hammiltoun, and for wyne brocht into the Lordis, being upomi llis inqueist, xv s. x d." His accuser was .James Hamilton of Kincavel, Sheriff of Linlitligow, and being convicted of treason, which had been long concealed, his sentence was carried into

and April 1539.)

On

the

9th of October 1539, is this entry, " Item, gevin to Schir James Hammiltoun. Master of Wark, to compleit

immediate execution. * Pitscottie has given a more detailed

narrative of Sir James Hamilton's con-

demnation and of the Kuig's

vision.

68

THE HISTORY OF
tlie

Book

I.

schew on

morow

and

schortlie tliaireftir
;

deid his two

yea,

sonnes, boitli within the space of 24 houris

some

say,

within the space of sex houris. l

Steill,

In his awin presence, Georde

his greattest flatterar,

and greattest ennemy to God

that was in his Courte, dropped of his horse, and deid with-

out worde,2 that same day that, in oppin audience of many,

the said George had refuissed his portioun of Christis king-

dome, yf the prayeris of the Virgin Marie should not bring

him
^

thairto.

How

terrible

a visioun the said Prince saw,

Ray
sent

The birth of a Prmce, named James on 22d of May 1540, is mentioned at page 82, note 1. The younger son, named Arthur, Duke of Rothesay, &c., was born at Stu'ling, in April 1541, where he died, according to
after his fiither,

the pursuevant,

who had been

to Scotland

by the Privy Council

specially to report on the subject.

* His death may be referred to the end of the year 1541, or early in 1542 as the Treasurer paid " to David Hardy, be ane tykket of George Steilis, for liinging of the tapescherie in Halyrudhouse, and doim taking of the samin, The name vij s." on the 16 Oct. 1541. of George Steill is occasionally met with

Lesley, eight days after his baptism.

(Hist. p. 188.)

In the Treasm-er's Ac-

counts, about the end of April 1541, there was paid " to Andro Zare in
Striviling, for

aue cap of

leid that

my

Lord Duke was bui-ied in." Prince James died within six houi's of Arthur. Mr. Tytler Mis into a strange mistake
in placing
to that of

in

the Treasurer's Accounts,

dui-ing

their

death

subsequently
letter to

James the Fifth. We may conjecture that he was the son of John Steill, one of the servitors to James
the reign of

Queen Margaret, widow of

her
wi'itten li-om

the Fourth, (apparently King's tailor,)

James the Fourth. In a brother Henry the Eighth,

Stirling,

on the 12th of
gi'eat

May

mentions the
both with the

distress

1541, she " for the

death of the Prynce and hys brothar,

Kyng my
liys

derrest son,

and the

Queue

wyife."

(State
This

Papers, vol.

v. p. 188.) The Queen Dowager died, however, witliin a few months the " Diurnal of Occurrents"
;

says on the 24th of November.

date
is

evidently incorrect, as on the

1st of that month, messengers

were de-

spatched with letters " to divers Lordis

and gentilmen
letter,

to

cxmi to the Quenis

tyrement." (Treasm-er's Accounts.)

A
is

describmg her

last

illness,

from 1495 to 1502. George, who was a burgess of Edhibiirgh, had acquired the lands of Houston, and other property. He had a charter under the Great Seal, of the office of Coquet " OfBcii CleriClerk of the borough catus Coketffi Burgi de Edinbui'go," The charters of the 3 Sept. 1523. lands of Houston, in Linlithgowshire, were gi'anted to himself and Clu'istian Wilson his spouse, 31 July 1530, and 22 Sept. 1532. He had also a charter of " the Common-myre near Duddingston Loch," in the County of Edinburgh, 24 July 1540. In the year 1672, the Common-mjnt'e is described as extending to 52 acres, in the barony
:

preserved

among

the

State Papers,

of Preistfield,
toui-s,

now

Prestonfield,

(Re-

vol. V. p. 193,

written in December, by

Edin. No. 1196.)

1540.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

Thomas
after,

69

lying in Lynlythqw, that nycht that

Clerk,
porte.

Scott,! Justice
yitt re-

dyed in Edinburgh, men of good credite cane

For effrayed at mydnycht, or
hie

cryed for

torches,

and

reissed all that lay besyd

told that

Thome
wo

Scott was dead

devillis,

with a company of
wordes,
service
;

and had bene at him and had said unto him these
in the Palice,
;

him

for hie

"
for,

to the day, that ever I

knew

thee, or thy
ser-

for serving of thee against

God, against his

vandis,

and against

justice,

am

adjudgeid to endless tor-

ment."

How

terrible voces the said

Thomas
heard
;

Scott pronunced

befoir his death,

yitt lyve

men

of
;2

all

estaitis

and some that

Dei judicio

cane witness

his voce

was
2

ever, " Justo

* Thomas Scott of Pitgorno, in Fife, was the second son of Sir William Scott

Scott's death

must have taken place

of Balweary, (Douglas's Baronage, p.

804.)

person of the same name was

St.

about the close of 1539, the office of Justice-Clerk having been conferred on Thomas Bellenden of Auchinoul, 26th

a Licentiate at

Andrews
other

in 1501.

December that year.

Depute,

In a letter writ1G22,
is

He seems
at
Coiu't,

to

have held some situation

ten by Mr. Alexander Colvile, Justice-

as,

among

persons

20th

December

the

of the Royal Household,

he received

above confession of Scott

thus men-

40, at Christmas 1530, for their " fealis and pensionis." In 1533, the Treasurer also
his fee,
i^aid "

tioned in connection with the appoint-

ment
of

of suitable persons to the office

Thomas Scot

for

Justice-Clerk,

"If

he,

say,

be

be the Kingis precept," the

not a sovmd, conscientious man, and

free of baise bribrie, he

sum

of 133, 2s. 8d.

On

the 19th of

may
and

prove a
to

October 1532, Scott was admitted an

pernitious

instrument,
iniquitie

the

Ordinary Lord of Session, in the room of his father, who was then deceased.
(Senators of the College of Justice,
40.)
p.

committed as we have yit in memorie of one Thomas Scot of Abotishall, quho

cawse

that

may

be

vour, he
in

As a further mark of Royal fawas appointed Justice Clerk

1535.

letter,

signed

by him,

James the Fift, of quho being strukm with a terror of conscience, at the hour

was Justice Clerk

hapi^ie memorie,

to

"

Thomas Scott of Pitgorno," on the 1st of December 1537, addressed to

Crumwell, complains of the resetting of who had escaped to England,

of his death, for

liis

evill

cariage in
!'

that place, dyed in desperation, crying,

'

am danmed

traitors

am damned
iii.

(Pitcairu's Criminal Trials, vol.

p.

(some of them, we may suppose, were persons accused of heresy;) and he concludes with suggesting that Henry
the Eighth would make an acceptable " propyne " to his nephew, by sending

596.)

proof of Scott's

iniquitous

proceedings

James a young
ders.

lion,

brought from Flanvol. v. p. 125.)

is embodied in the Act of Parliament rescinding the forfeiture of Jolm Lord Glammys, on the 15th of March 1542-3, upon a pretended Confession, being " frauclfullie indusit be

(State Papers,

umquliile

Thomas

Scot, Justice-Clerk,

70

THE HISTORY OF
:"

Book

I.

condemnatus sum
just judgement.

that

is,

am condempned by
for tlie

Goddis

He was

most oppressed

delatioun

and

fals

accusatioun of sucli as professed Christis Evangell,

as Maister

Thomas
tlie

Maijoribankis,^ and Maister

Hew
as
lie

Rig,*

then advocattis, did confesse to Maister Henrie Bahiavis

who, from
said

Thome

Scott,

cam

to him,

and

Maister Thomas Ball en den ^ war sjtting in Sanct Geillis Kirk,

and asked him forgevance in the name of the said Thomas.

and utheris
familiaris to our said

um-

tioned

by Knox, and

also

by

Pitscottie,

quhile Soverane Lord, to

mak

the said

as one of the foui' persons to

whom

the

pretendit Confessiomie, sayand to him,

Governor of Scotland
the overtures of the

communicated
of Somerset,

that his

life,

landis, gudis, movabill

lunmovabill, suld be saif to

faultor

him

and and

Duke

that na process nor sentence of for-

immediately previous to the battle of Pinkie. He was succeeded by his son

sould be led aganis

vol.
ii.

him."

James Rig
occui's, in

(Acta Pari. Scot.

p. 422.)

* Mr. Thomas Marjoribanks of Ratho, was one of the ten Advocates admitted

of Carberry, whose name 1577 and 1580, in lists of Assize (Pitcairn's Crim. Trials) and
;

at the institution of the College of Justice,

7th of May 1532.

He
;

acquired the

was served heir to his father, James Rig of Carbarry, 29 Jan. 1600. (Retom-s, Edinb.
No. 30.)
tyne,

" Mag'- Quintigernus Rig,"

lands of Ratho in 1540

year,

and

in that

he was Provost of Eilinbm'gh, and sat in the Parliaments 1540 and 1546. He was admitted a Lord of Session, and Clerk-Register, on the 8th of February 1548-9, as successor to Sir
Foulis.

Thomas Bellenden, or Bannawas the son of Patrick Bellenden. He was admitted an Ordinary Judge on the 22d of Jime 1535. He was appointed Director of
^

Ml".

of Auchinoul,

James

" Maister

Thomas Mar-

joribankis,

now Clerk

of oui'e Soverane

Chancery, 10th of September 1538 and on the 26th of December 1539, he

succeeded Scott of Pitgorno, as JusticeClerk. He was one of the Commissioners who met for redress, on the Border and Sir William Eiu-e informs Crumwell, on the 26th of January 1540, that he had " hade diverse commynynges with Mr. Thomas Bellendyn, one
;

yeris of

Ladyes Register, for his feyes in the God 1549 and 1550," received " for ilk year 20 merkis, Summa

26, 13s. 4d."

He was

dejarived

of

the office of Clerk-Register in 1554,

and died before 15C0.

(Senators

of

the College of Justice, p. 98.)

* Mr. Hugh Rigg was admitted an Advocate, on the 16th of November

of the said Councellours for Scotlande,

man by

estymatioun apperaimte to
fiftye zeres

1537.

He

obtained a Charter of Con-

be of th'age of
specially

or above,

firmation to himself and Janet Hopper

his spouse, of the lands of Carberry, in

and of gentle and sage conversatioim,

touching
the
staye of the
spiritualitie of Scotland."

the shire of Edinbm-gh, 21st July 1543.

(State
offices

Par-

The old baronial mansion-house

parish of Inveresk.

of Car-

pers, vol. V. p. 169.)

He

died in 1546,
of

berry stands in the eastern part of the

and was by
liis

succeeded in his

(New
is

Statistical

Justice-Clerk and Director of Chancery,

eldest son. Sir

Account.)

Hugh Rigg

again men-

John Bellenden.

1540.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

71

None

of these terrible forvvarnynges could eytlier change or

mollific

the
;

heart of the indurat, licherous,

still

and avaritious

tyranne
pietie.

but

he dois procead frome impietie to im-

For, in the
tliat

putt handis in
nan,l to

myddcst of these admonitionis, he caused notable man, Maister George Balquhan-

whome,

for his singulare eruditioun

and honest be-

haveour, was committed the charge to instnict some of his

bastard cliildren.2

Butt,

by the mercifull providence of God,

he eschaped
yeare of

(albeit

with great difScultie,) the rage of these

that sought his blood, and remanes alyve to this day, in the

God

J-

V*^"

threscor sax yearis, to the glorie of God,

to the great

honour of his natioun, and unto the conforte of

delyte
in
letteris

those that

and vertew.

That singulare
poesie,^

werke of David his Psalmes in Latine meter and

besydis

many

utheris, cane witness the rare

graces of

God

gevin to that man, which that tyrant, by instigatioun of the

Gray
*

Frearis,

and of

his other flatteraris,

wold altogither have

Buchanan was born in the year Having taken his Bachelor's degree at St. Andi-ews, 3d Oct. 1525,
1506.

he completed his academical coui-se at Paris. It is usually stated that he returned to Scotland, along with Gilbert Earle of Cassilis, in 1537. The following notices from the Treasurer's Accounts, prove that date to be incorrect. " Item, the xvj day of Februar

George Balquhanan received a goun of Paryse blak, lyned with blak satyne, &c. Also 20, at the Bang's cornmand. ^ Lord James Stewart, to whom

Buchanan

acted

as

tutor,

was the

King's natural son, by Elizabeth Shaw,

of the family of Saucliie.
Life of

(Dr. Irving's
He had
the

Buchanan,

p.

1 7.)

[1535-6,] be the Kingis

gracis

pre-

Abbacies of Kelso and Melrose conferred on him but he died at an early

;

cept and speciale

command

to Maister

age, in the year 1518.

"

George Balquliannan and Andro Myln,

servandis to Lord James, to be thame

On

the

title

of the first edition of

twa gounis,"
" leverays,"
tonis,

&c.,

viz.,

and various other " hoiss, bonettis, hug-

Buchanan's Paraphi-ase of the Psalms, he is characterized as Poetarum nostri

scecuU facile princeps.
at Paris,
It was printed by Henry Stephanus, ui 8vo,
;

and doublettis." " Item, [the xxj day of August 1537,] to jMaster George Buchquhannan, at the Kingis command, xx lib." In July 1538, upon occasion of " the Quenis (Magdalene's) saull mess and
. .

but apparently in 1564. second edition has the date 15G6. But the same printer had published a
without date

dirige,

quham God

assolze,"

Maister

selection of 18 Psalms by Buchanan, with corrcspoutling versions by other Poets, at Paris in 1556, 4to.

72
devored, yf
eschaping.l

THE HISTORY OF
God had

Book

T.

nott providit remeady to his servand by

This cruelty and perseeutioun 2 notwithstanding, thei monstouris

and hypocreattis the Gray

in

Frearis,

day by day, came

farther

contempt

for

not only did the learned espy 3

thare

abhominable hypocrisye, but also men, in

giftis

whom

no

such graces nor

plainlie to

ware thought to have bene, begane

;

paynt the same farth to the people

for

as this

which here we have inserted

the same purpose,

yitt

Ryme, maid by

Alexander Erle of Glencarne,^

intitulat,

alyve,

can witnesse,

Ane

Epistle direct era the Holye Armite of Allarit,5

TO his
I,

Bretheren the Gray Freires.

Thomas, Armite in Larite,

Sainct Frances brother ^ hartlie greit,

^

Scotland

The date of Buchanan's escape fi-om is fixed by his own statement

to

your Majesty
other
called the

to

have his son home,

entring
is

pledges for him.

He

to the beginning of the year 1539,

when

he says

five

persons (Symson, Forresnote

7,

ter, &c., see

page 62) were con-

demned to the flames, whilst nine others made a formal recantation of their Lutheran errors, and many more were driven into exile; among whom was George Buchanan, who escaped by the window of his bed-chamber, while
his keepers

Lord of Kilmaurs, and and in my the Master of Glencairn poor opinion, they be few such Scots in Scotland, both for his wisdom and learning, and well dedicate to the truth of Clu'ist's word and doctrine." (Sad" The acute ler's Papers, vol. i. p. 83.) Sadler," as Su* Walter Scott remarks,
;

" discerned the

germ

of those qualities

were asleep " In his fiiit Georgius Buchananus qui, sopitis cus:

todibus,
serat."
*

per cubiculi
(Hist. lib. xiv.)

fenestram

eva-

last

These words seem to belong to the but all the copies paragraph place them as here printed.
;

In MS. G, " espy and detest." Alexander Lord Kilmauris, third

which afterwards made this nobleman the great promoter of the Reformation, and in consequence a steady adherent of the English interest." (ib.) Both the Earl of Glencairn, and his son Lord Kilmaurs, received pensions from Henry the Eighth. Owing to the death of his brothers, he succeeded to the Earldom in 1547, and survived till
1574.

son of the fourth Earl of Glencairn. In 1543, he was in England as a hostage

for his father's sincerity
;

^Thomas Douchtie, Hermit

or Loretto, near Musselburgh
at the

of Alareit,

and Sir Ralph

see note

Sadler says, in a letter to Henry the

Eighth, "Furthermore, he hath written

end of

this

poem.

In MS. G, " Francis Ordour dos."

540.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

Beseiking yow with ferme^ intent, To be walkryfe and diligent

73

For

tliir

Lutherians, rissen of new,

:

Our Ordour daylie dois persew Thay smaikis do sett tlieir haill intent, To reid this English New Testament And sayes, We have thame clene disceavit.
Therefore, in haist, they

man

be stoppit.^

Our

stait hypocrisie

they prysse,

And And

us blaspheamis on this wyse,

Sayand, That we are heretikes.

fals,

loud. Hand, mastif tykes

Cumerars and quellars of Christes kirk,

Sueir swongeouris^ that will not wirk.

But

ydlelie our living wynnes.

Devouring woulves into sheip skynnes,

Hurldand with huides

into our neck,

Wyth Judas mynd

The down

to jouck

and beck,
his^ glore,

Seikand Christes peple to devoir,

thringars of

God

Professouris of hipocrisie,

And
The

doctouris in idolatrie,

Stout fyschares with the Feindis nett,

upclosars of Heavins yett,

Cankcarit corruptars of the Creid,

Homlok sawares amangest good seid. To trow in traytouris, that do men tyiste, The hie way kennand thame fra Chryst,
Monstouris with the Beast his mark,

Dogges that never

stintes to bark.

Kirk men that are with 5 Christ unkend,

A
'

sect that

Sathane

self

hes send,
*
'

In

MS. G, " gud."

In MS. G, " Christis glorie."

In MS. G, " to."

In MS.

2,

" stayed."

'InVautr.

edit.

"Suclilasiescamleris."

74

THE HISTORY OF
Lurkand
in holes, lyke traytour toddes,
false goddes,
fleacliearis,

Book

I.

Mantenaris of idoles and

Fantastik fooles and feynzeit

To turne

fra the treuth^ the verie teachearis.

haill sentence,

For to declair thair

Wald melde cummer your conscience. Thay say your fayth it is sa stark, Your cord and lowsie coit and sark, Ye lippin, may bring yow to salvatioun,
.

And

quyte excludes Christ his passioun.

it last,
;

I dreid this doctryne, yf

Sail either gar us wirk or fast

Therfor, with speid

we mon provyde,

And

not our profSt to oureslyde.

I schaip

my

selfe,

within schort quhyle.

in

To turse^ our Ladie

Argyle

And

there, uncraftie^

wyse to wirk.
kirk
;

Till that

we bigged have ane

Syne miracles

mak

be your avyse.
lysc,

Thay kettereles, though they had but The twa part to us they will bring
:

But ordourlie

to dress this thing,

A gaist
Be

I purpose to gar gang.

counsall of Freir Walter Lang,*

Quliilk sail

mak

certane demonstrations,

To helj) us in our procurations, Your haly Ordour to decoir

:

That practik he proved anes

^

before,

In MS. G, " fra treuth."

To

turse,

or carry.

In MS. G, and
it is

all

the other copies,

sense.

" to ciu'se,"

which has no
* *

In MS. G, " on craftie."

Friar

was thi'ough this Friar William Laing, " bewrayer of the confession to Archbishop James Beaton," that Henry Forrest, whose fate is mentioned at page 52, was condemned and given
over to the secular judges to suffer

WalUr

is

apparently a mis(See the

it

take for Friar William Laing.

following note.)

Foxe has stated

See the extract from Foxe's Martyrs, in Appendix, No. V.

death.

1540.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

Betuix Kirkcaldie and Kingorne
;

75

But lymmars made

tlierat sic skorne,

sic degressioun,

And

to his
lie

fame maide

Sensyne

hard not the Kinges confessioun.i

will as deid

Thoicht at that tyme he came na speid,

I

pray yow tak guid

And him
Quhat

amongest your selves receave,

of the leave.
arte,

As ane worth mony

I obteyne

may, through his

parte.

Ressoun wald ye had your

Your Ordour handles na monye,

But
for uther casualitie,

As

beif, meill, butter,

and

cheiss,
plese,

Or quhat that we have, that ye Send your Bretheren

et hahete.

As now

noclit ellcs, but valete.

Be Thomas your brother

at

command,

A
1

culluruno kythed throw

" Frier Laing

many

a land.2
was incorpo-

Caldei'woocl

says,

mus Laynge,

studens,"

had been confessor to the King," (Hist. vol. i. p. 142;) and the Treasurer's Accounts in 1540, show that " Scliii' William Layng, Chaplane," was then
attached to the Coui-t.

rated in the University of Glasgow, in

1493; and another " Willebnus Layng,

clericus

Parochialis

Glasguensis," in

1501.

On

the 6th of

February 1539-40, he received various articles of dress, viz., a gown of French black, a hugtoun of Parise black, a doublet of black sattin, and a black bonnet. On the 22d Dec. 1540, " abbis, towellis," &c., were furnished " to his
chapell."

nicler,

According to a contemporary chrothe Chapel of our Lady of Loretto was founded so late as 1533,

"

In
is

1541,

" Schir William

as " Maister

Layng,"

described
in

by Thomas Douchtie, here styled the " In this mene Hermit of Alareit. tyme (1533,) thah' come ane heremeit callit Thomas Douchtie, in Scotland, quha had bein lang Capitane [captive ?] befoir the Turk, as was allegit, and
bi-ocht
liim,

Elymosmar

the

Princes

house;"

ane ymagc of

oiu*

Latly with

13, 6s. 8d. haAang been previously paid " for his livcray clatliis, be ane
prccept, above the ordiuar, admittit to

and foimdit the Cheppil of Laurcit

besyid Musselbiu-gh."
like

(Diurnal of OcIn
says, this

ciu-rents, p. 17, Eduib. 1833, 4to.)

him

in

my

Lord Prmce house

;"

and
to

manner Buchanan

im-

in July that year,

20 was

"

gevm

poster Douchtye, having returned from

Italy,

Schir William Layng, Chaplane, enterit

this zorc (in the Household)."

" Willel-

built a church to the Mary, and made great gain by

"\Mrgin
liis lie-

76

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

When God had

gevin unto that indurat Prince sufficient

docmnentis, that his rebellioun against his blessed Evangell

should not prosperouslie succeid, hie rases up against him

warr, as that he did against obstinat Saull, in the which he

miserablie perrished, as

we

shall after hear.

The occasioun of the Warr was this. Hary the Eight, King of England, had a great desyre to have spokin with oure King and in that pojnt travailled so long, till that he gat a full promesse^ maid to his Ambassadour, Lord Williame Hawart. The place of meatting was appointed [at] York
;

which the King of England keap[t] with such solempnitie

and
in

preparationis,
befoir.

as never for such ane purpoise

was

sein

England

Great brute of that jorney, and some pre;

paratioun for the same was maid in Scotland

end,

but in the

by

persuasioun of the Cardinall David Betoun,

and by

otheris of his factioun, that jorney

was stayed, and the Kinges

nephew had been

titious miracles.

(Hist. lib. xiv. p. 41.)

The Chapel dedicated

Loretto,

to our

Lady

of

(sometimes

called

Alareit,)

stood beyond the eastern gate of Musselburgh,

near

the

Links

and the
of

name
It

for the locality is still retained.

was connected with the Nimnery

" in gi-ete dangere be contrare wyndis, quhilk agane his mynd, be extreme stormis, compellit to mak course furth of this Est sey northward, compassing the maist parte of this realme throuch the occeane seyis, and be the grace of God
liis

of seyis,

the Sciennes, and became one of the

arryvit in the port of St. Ninianis callit

Quliithorne."

most noted shrines in Scotland, during the reign of James the Fifth. Lesley
says, that the King, previously to his

James, after his pilgrim-

age on foot fi'om Stii'ling, sailed irom Leith, with a squadron of seven vessels,

marriage,

having sailed

for

France,

and had a more fortunate voyage.

On

(24th July 1536,) the vessel in which he

the 7th of September 1536, the Treas-

had embarked, after sailing by the north of Scotland, and the west, was driven by a storm, and that he landed at St. Ninians, in Galloway, " and suareturnit to Strivilinge, and thairfra passit on his
feet in pilgrimage to the Chapell of
rett,

urer paid 13, 6s. 8d. to Sir Henry Balfour, in part of 40, " to be gevin to puir houshaldarris to pray for his

Lor-

Hienes prosperous retm-nyng." ^ Proposals for such a meeting had been made in 1534, and again in 1536.

besid Mussilburgh."

(Hist. p. 150.)

The above meeting was

to

have taken

Queen Margaret,
vol. V. p. 181,

in a letter to

Henry

place on the 15th of January 1541-2,

the Eighth, printed in the State Papers,

(where

it is

placed under

according to vVi-ticles agreed upon the previous month. (State Papers, vol. v.

the year 1540, instead of 1536,) thus

p.

199; Tytler's Hist.

vol. v. p. 242.)

mentions her son's voyage, saying that

1542.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

falsefeid.

77
of re-

promesse
proch

send

unto the King-,!

fi-ustrat,

King Hary
foranent

Whareupoun war schai'pe and also unto returned to London, and

fortifie

letteris
liis

Counsall.
his
in-

after

dignatioun declaired, began to

Scotland.

with

men

his fi-ontearis

Thare war send to the Bordouris Sir

utlier trifeling questionis,

Robert Bowis, the Erie of Anguss, and his brother, Sir George
Duglass.

Upoun what
The
principall

(as for the

debatable land and such like,) the war brak up,

wrjte.

we omitt

to

occasioun was the falsefeing of the

promeisse befoir maid.

Oure King perceaving that the warr

for rather

wald
thei

ryse,

asked the Prelattis and Kirkmen, what supporte

;

wald maik to the susteanyng of the same

yitt satisfie the desyre of his Uncle,

wald he

then he wald
able
to
resist.

liasard warr,

wliare

hie

saw nott

his

force

Thei promissed montanes of gold, (as Sathan thaire father

did to Christ Jesus yf he wold wirschipe

him

;)

for

rather

wold thei have gone to

hell,

or he should have mett

thei,

King Haiy
and fayr
in

for then,

thought

Fa}T

weill our

wyth kingdome

weill,

thought the Cardinall, his credite and glorie

the
end,
thei

France.

In

jjromissed

fyftie

thousand

crownes by year,^ to be weall payed, so long as the warres

Henry the Eighth, says Sir Walter James by the threat, that he had still the same rod in keei^ing which had chasti2ed his father. By that rod, the Duke of Norfolk was
^

oflFered

to

contribute

and assign

to

Scott, " insulted

him of yearly rent of

the

their benefices,
;

sum

of thirty thousand pounds

or to

enlarge the

sum

to

100,000,

intimated, who, while yet Eai-1 of Surrey,

commanded
fell."
ii.

at

Flodden,

where

provided the Iving gave them a secular judge to their mind, to execute justice on the wicked heretics whom they had
delated to the King, in the
list

James IV.
vol.
*

(Hist,

of Scotland,

or scroll

p. 31.)

See note to page 79.

elsewhere referred

to.

It

(Hist. pp. 230,

Pitscottic says, that the Bishops, in

255, 256, edit. 1778.)

was but proto

apprehension that James might follow

his uncle's example, in casting

per

that

the

Clergy,

whom
;

the

down
tiie

King had

sacrificed so

much, should

the

Abbeys,

"

budded

(bribed)

King

home, and gave liim three thousand pounds by year to susto bide at

tain his house, off theii- benefices."

At
told,

but indeed such contributions were not unusual, on the part of the beneficed clergy and dignitaries of the Church,
thus manifest their liberality
In

a later date, the Clergy,

we are

Augiist

1513,

previously

to

the

78
lested

THE HISTORY OF
;

Book

I.

and

farther, that thaire servandis,

and

otheris tliat

appartened unto thame, and war exemed from

vice,

common

ser-

should not the less serve in tynie of necessitie.

lifted uj) in

These

vane promisses
-

pryde the harte of the unhajjpye

King

and

so begjnnis the warr.

and men war

laid in

Jedburgh and Kelso.

of victorie
;

we meane,) bragged

The realme was quartered, All man, (foollis and in verray deid the be-

gynnyng gave us a fayr schaw. For at the first wardane raid, which Avas maid at the Sanct Bartholomess day,^ in the zeir of God J"- V^' fourty twa, was the Wardane Sir Robert Bowis, his brother Richard Bowis, Capitane of Norhame, Sir
Williame Mallerie^ knycht, a bastarde sone of the Erie of

Anguss, and James Dowglas of Parkhead, then

a great
tackin.

rebelles,

with

number

of

borderaris,

soldeouris,

and

gentilmen,

HALDANE

Tho Reado was termed Haldane Rig.^ The Erie of Anguss, and Sir George his brother, did narrowlie eschaipe. Our Papistis and Preastis, proude of this victoiye, encouraged the
King, so that thare was nothing heard but, " All
is

owres.

Thei ar butt heretyckis.

Yf we
and

be a thousand and thei ten

thousand, thei dar not feght.

parte,

France shall enter the ane

so shall

and we the

other,

England be conqueast
att

within a year."
vanitie,

Yf any man was

sein to smyle

sick

hie was no

And
thei

yitt

more bot a tratour and ane heretyck. by these meanes, men had greattar libertie then
befoir,

had

as concernyng thair

conscience
till

for

then
Sep-

ceassed the persecutioun.

The warr continued

mydd

tember

and then was send doune the old Duck of North^

calamitous expedition wliich had such a

fatal catastrophe at Floddon, the

Halden Rig, or Hawden Rig, in

Clergy

contributed the
^

sum

of 10,275, 10s. 9d.

Roxburghshire, a few miles to the east In the MS. it was originally of Kelso.
written " IMaxwell heucht," but this
corrected to Haldane Rig.
is

(Treasurer's Accounts.)

The 24th of August 1542. * In MS. G, " Malberie." Tlie name should be Mowbray.

In the later
intelli-

MSS.

'

Reade,"

is

written more

gibly " raid."

1542.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

79

folkjl

with such ane army as a hundreth yearis befoir had

Tlioi

not come in Scotland.

wer in amassing thaire

forses,

and setting fordwarte of thare preparationis and munitionis, which ware exceading great, till mydd October, and after and then thei merched from Berwik, and tended to the west, ever holding TAveid upoun thair one syd, and never camped
from that ryver the space of a myle, during the hole tyme
thei continewed in Scotland,

which was ten or twelf

snapparis thei gate.

dayis.

Forresse war runne upon the day to Sniallame,^ Stichell,

and

such place nere about, but

many

Some
his
^^^^ ^^'-

comes

thei brunt, besydis that

which the great host consumed,

but small butting thei caryed away.

forse att Falow,^ (for hie

The King assembled

was advertised that thei had proall

messed to come to Edinburght,) and tackin the mustaris

att

ane howre, two dayis befoir Alhallow evein,^ thair war

found with him auchttein thousand able men.

bordouris,

Upoun the

that

awaited upoun the Engliss army, war ten

thousand men, with the Erie of Huntlie, Lordis Erskyn, Seytoun,

and Home.

These ware judgeid

men ynew

to hasard

war esteamed fourtie thousand. Whill the King lyis at Fawla, abyding upoun the gunnes, and upoun advcrtisment frome the armye, the Lordis begyne to remember how the King had bene long abused by his flatteraris,
battell, albeit the other

and
*

principallie

by the pensionaris

of the preastis.

It

was

Norfolk,

Thomas Howard, second Duke of when Earl of Sui'rey, convoyJames the 1503 and he
;

also been at Floddon.

He commanded

the English troops wliich invaded the

ed the Princess Margaret from England, to her marriage with

southern parts of Scotland, in August

1542
-

and died

in

1554, upwards of

Fourth, at Holyrood, in

eighty years of age.

commanded

the English

army

at Flod-

Now
Fala

Smailholm.
Muii*, a

don, in 151.3,

when

the raslmess of that

gallant but unfortunate

Monarch prov-

termination of the

ed fatal to

liimself,

his country.

He

died in 1524;

and so disastrous to and was

plam near the western Lammermuir liills. ^ In Vautr. edit. " Hallow-evin." The Eve of Hallowmass in Scotland, Hal^
;

succeeded by his eldest son, Thomas

tliird

loween, the 31st of October;

Ilallow-

Duke

of Norfolk,

who was

Lieu-

mass, or All Saints, of

the 1st of November.

coui'se,

being

tenant-General in the North, and had

80

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

anes concluded, that thei wald

mack some new remembrance

somewhat
But, becaus the Lordis could

of Lauder-brig,^ to see yf that wald, for a seassoun,

hell?

the estait of tliare cuntrie.

nott ag'grie

amonges thame

selfis,

upoun the persones that

favored his freind,) the

deserved punishment, (for everie

hole eschaiped
;

man

and the purpoise was opened unto the King,

and by him to the Curteouris, who after that, till that thei came to Edinburgh, stood in no litill feare But that was
:

suddandly

foryett, as

we

shall after hear.

Whill tyme

is

thus

protracted, the Engliss army, for skarstye of victualles, (as

was bruted,)
and
so

retearis

begynnes to

skaill.

thame owir Twead upoun the nycht, Wliareof the King advertissed,
to assist him, to follow

desyris the Lordis

in England.

and barronis

thame

Wliose answer was, with one consent, " That to

defend his persone and realme, thei wold hasard lyef and
whatsoevir thei had
thei so just
titill
;

butt to

invaid England,
;

nether had

as thei desyred

nether yit could thei be

then able to do any thing to the hurte of England, considering that thei had long befoir bene absent fra thair houssis,
thare provisioun was spent, thare horse wereyed, and that

which was greatest of

clame."

all,

the tyme of year did utterlie resatisfie

This tliare answer seamed to

the King

for

hie in woordis praised tliare prudent foresight and wyse counsall.

But the mynt maid

to his Curteouris,

repulse of his

desjTes gevin to

wounded

his proud liarte, (for

him in long had

his

and that bald awin face, so

hie roung2 as

him

he decreed a notable revenge, which, no doubt, he had not failled to have executed, yf God by his awin
self list,) that

hand had not cutted the

turnes to Edinburgh
;

coardis

of his

impietie.

He

re-

the nobilitie, barones, gentilmen, and

exe-

This alludes to the

summary

of Lauder, in the year 1479, as related

cution by the Scotish nobles of Coch-

by
*

all

our Historians,
edit. "

rane and

otlier favourites of

James the

In Vautr.

had he

riinne."

Third, in hanging

them over the bridge

1542.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

to
tliair

81
this

commones

awin habitationis

And

was the

secimd and thrid dayis of November.

Without longar delay, at the Palice of Halyrudhouse, was

a

new

Counsall
;

convened,

a Counsall,

we meane,
some

of

his

abnsaris

wharein war accusationis laide against the most

parte of the nobilitie.

of England,

Some war
to
to

heretickis,

favoraris

some

freindis

the Dowglassis, and so could the King,

in

thare

be none

faythfull

thaire

opinioun.

The Cardinall and the Preastis cast fagottis in the fyre with all thare force and fynding the King hollie addict to thare devotioun, delivered unto him ane Scroll,^ conteanyng the names of such as tliei, in thare inquisitioun, had convict for
;

Heretickis,

For this was the ordour of

justice,

which these
Wlioso-

holy fatheris keapt in dampnying of innocent men.

evif

wald delaite any of heresye, he was heard

no respect

nor consideratioun had what persone delated

admitted,
;

mynd

the delatour bayre to the

for witnesses

whosoever war produced

war
;

how
tlire

suspitious

and infame that ever thei ware

yf two or

had provin any poynt, that by thare law was

:

holden heresye, that was ane heretick

rested no moir but

a day to be affixed to his condempnatioun, and to the executioun of thare corrupted sentence.
innocent, whare such judgeis

Wliat

man

could be
this

was party, the world may

fals

day considder.
nesses,

Trew

it

is,

by

judgement and

false wit-

have innocentis bene oppressed from the begynnyng.

Butt this fredome to sched innocent blood gatt never the

Devill but in the

kingdome of Antichrist,

" that the innocent

should dye, and neyther

knaw

accusatour nor yitt the wit-

nesses that testifeid against him."

christ

Butt how shall the Anti-

be knowin, yf he shall not be contrarious to God the

Father,

and

his

Sone Christ Jesus,

in law,

lief,

and

doctrin.

Butt this we omitt.

8ce note to page 84, respecting this Scroll.

'

VOL.

I.

82

THE HISTORY OF
The same
Scroll

Book

I.

had the Cardinall and Prelattis onesi presented unto the King befoir, what tyme he returned Butt then it was frome the Navigatioun about the Ylis.2
refuissed

by the prudent and stowt counsall of the Lard of Grange,^ who opened clearly to the King the practise of the Prelattis, and the danger that thairof mycht ensew.

Which considered by the King,

sioun,

(for

being out of his pas-

he was

tractable,)

gave this answer, in the Palice

of Halyrudhouse, to the Cardinall

thei
A ANSURE WOETHIE OP ANE
PRINCE.

and

Prelattis, after that

had uttered thair malice, and

Jefwellis
:^

schew

what

profit ^

mycht arise " Pack you,

to the Croune, yf hie w^old follow thair counsall.

gett

yow

to your chargeis,

and

re-

forme your awin lyves, and be nott instrumentis of discord

1

In the later copies, " once." The date of the King's voyage

sailing

were not compleated before the 11th or 12th of June, which may be
In the collection of State Papers
to,

round the Isles has been mistaken by most of the older writers, such as Buchanan, Lesley, and others. This
have partly arisen ft-om confounding it with his previous voyage in 1536. James pur(See note to page 76.) posed to have sailed on the 14th of

held as the actual date of the expedition.

referred

are two letters, conveying

may

reports of the preparations for the voy-

May

1540, but he deferred setting out

tiU after the bh-th of his son,

who was

born at St. Andrews on the 22d of May. This happy event James communicated in a letter to his uncle, the King of England, on the same day " It hes liket God of his great gudnes to have send unto us, this 22 day of May instant, ane sone and Prince, fan* and liflik to succeid to ws and this our Realme. We think it accordis ws weill to mak you jDarticipant with ws of sic joyus gud novellis," &c. (State Papers, The baptism of the vol. V. p. 177.) Prince took place on the 28th of May, and the King is said to have sailed on The Treasurer's the day following. Accounts for 1540 and 1541, wliich fiu--

"the espiand also another letter from James himself to Henry the Eighth, on his retm-n, dated at Edinburgh the 29th of July 1540, in which he says, that " all thingis standyng at gude poynt and ordour, we addressit
age,
fiu-nished

by some

of

allis,"

or English spies

we thought expedient, to visie our North and Southt, for ordouring of thame in justice and good policy," &c.
us, as

His,

(ib. p.
2

182.)

James Kirkcaldy of Grange held the office of High Treasm-er from the 20th March 1537, till the death of James
in 1542
latter
;

but his Accounts during the

months of the Bang's reign are Having accompanied not preserved. James to France, the Laird of Grange had also acted as Treasurer Extraordinary from 11th September 1586, until
the King's return in May 1537. * In the MS. " propheit."
6

nish a
age,

number

of interesting notices
tliis

connected with the expense of

voyfur

In MS.
;"

G,

"josrellis;"
2, "jeffells."

MS. A,

show that the arrangements

"Jesuits

MS. L

1542.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND,

83

betuix

my

nobilitie

and

me

ov

ellis,

avow

to God, I shall

refomie yow, not as the King of

does, neyther yitt as the
;

Denmark by impreasonment

King of England does, by hanging and heading but I shall reforme yow by scharpe whingaris,! yf ever I heir such motioun of yow againe." The Prelattis
dascht and astonyed with this ansure, ceassed for a seassoun
to

tempt any

farther,

by rigour against the

all

nobilitie.

But

now, being informed of

Oliver Synclar,
to

proceadingis by thaire pensionaris,

Ross lard of Cragye,^ and utheris, who war

thei

thame

faythfull in all thingis,

;

conclude to hasarde

ones^ agane tliare foraaar suyt

which was no sonar proponed

but as sone

it

was accepted, with no small regrate maid by

(said hie,)
nobilitie

the Kingis awin mouth, that he had so long dyspised thare

counsall
to
;

" For,

now

I plainlie see

your woordis

be trew.
;

The
for

neyther desyres

my
for

honour nor

continuance
to follow

thei wold nott rydd a myle

my

pleasur

my

ennemyes.

Will ye tharefor fynd

me

the meanes,

how

a Raid maid in England, without thare fo'^^^,^*'^''' HOW IT knawledge and consent, that may be knawin to be my awin BEGAN.
that I
In Vautr.

may have

MS. L 2, &c., " I you by sharpe punishmentes." From an interesting letter of Sir William Eure to Crumwell, dated from Berwick, 2Gth January 1539-40, it secms, that this answer or reprimand was uttered at Linlithgow, rather than Holyrood and was occasioned by his witnessmg the representation of Sir Da'

eclit.,

cions

and maners of

lyving,

saying,

shall reprove

that oneles

thay soe did, He wolde send sex of the proudeste of thayme unto his Uncle of England, and, as
those were ordotired, soe

He wold

or-

dour

all
:

the

reste

that wolde

not

amende

And

therunto the Chaunceaimsuer, and

lom- should

[did]

say

imto the King, that one worde of his

vid Lyndesay's play, called, "

Ane Satire

Graces moutlie should

to

suffice
:

thayme
the

on the Tlu-ee Estates," wliich evidently produced a strong, but unfortunately no lasting impression on the King's mind.
After describing " the Enterlude,"
proceeds, "

be at commaundement
haistely

And

Eure

and angrely answered, that he wold gladely bestowe any wordes of his mouthe that could amend
thaym."
^

King

My Lorde,

the same Maister

(State Papers,
in

vol. v. p. 170.)

Bellcndcn shewed me, that after the

tlie King of upon the Bischopc of Glasgow [Gawin Dunbar], being Ohauncelour, and diverse other Buschopes, exerting thaym to refoi-me thnir fa-

Jolm Ross of

Craigie, near Perth,

Siwd Enterhiyd fynished,

was one

of the prisoners taken at Sol-

Scottes did call

way Moss,
''

1542.

(State

Papers,

vol. v. p. 233.)

In the later copies, " once."

84

THE HISTORY OF
?

Book
for ever."
;

I.

Raide

and

I shall

bynd me

to

your counsall

Tliare

concurred togitther Acliab and his false prophettis

thare

war

gratulationis

and

clappin of handis

thare war premisses

of diligence, closenes,
tackin, that the

and

felicitie.

Finally, conclusioun

was

West bordour of England, which was moist empty of men and garresonis, should be invaided the Kingis
;

awin banner should be thare

should be generall levetenant

Oliver,^ the great

;

moynzeoun,2

but no

man

should be pryvey,

(except the Counsall that was thare then present,) of the

interprise,
till

the verray day and executioun thaireof.

The

Bischoppes glaidly took the charge of that Raid.

Letteris

war sent to such as and place appointed.

war directed
the East bordour,
invaid the Weast.
tise, closenes,

tliei

wold charge to meat the King, day

Cardinall, with the Earle of Errane,

The

to go to

Haddingtoun, to mack a shaw against

utheris ware in

when the

readdynes to

And

thus neather lacked counsall, prac-

nor diligence, to sett fordwarte that interprise

consultaris,

And

so,

amanges these
;

thare was no doubt of

Scroll

ane good successe

and

so
self,

was the

thankfullie
his

re-

ceaved by the King him

and putt into

awin pocket,

whare
found.

it

remaned
it

to the

day of

his death,

and then was

In

war conteaned

mo

then ane hundreth landed

men, besydis otheris of meaner degree, amonges whome was

the Lord

Hammyltoun him

self,^

then secound persone of the

realme, delaited,
'

In Vautr.

Oliver Sinclair, see note to p. 88. edit. " muiion."

was the

first,

and the Earl of

Cassilis,

the Earl of Glencairn and his son, the

Knox has

previously alluded to

tliis

Earl Marishal, and a great

tlemen,
to

many

gen-

scroll or list of

names.

See pages 81

the

number
were

of

eighteen

and 82. Sir Ralph Sadler, in a letter to Henry the Eighth, dated 27th of

score, because they

all well

mindhe,)

ed to God's Word, which then they

durst not avow
I shall
;

March

1543, details a conversation he

but now, (quoth

had with the Governor, who told him, " That a number of noblemen and gentlemen the late King had gotten
written in a Roll, which were all accused

do mine endeavour to set forth the glory of God with the assistance of
the King's Majesty."
vol.
i.

(Sadler's Papers,

p. 94.)

of Heresy

of the which, (he said,) he

1542.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

was bruted,
;l

85
the Lord
not.

It

Maxwell

butt

Read was devised by the certaintie tliairof we have

tliat
tliis

The

njglit befoir the

day appointed to the

inteiprise,

the King

was found at Lo\^anabane.2

all quarteris,

as thei

To him cumis cumjoanyes frome war appointed, no man knowing of ane

let-

uther,
teris,)

(for

no generall proclamatioun past, but prevey

nether yitt did the multitude

till

know any

thing of the

purpose

after
all

mydnycht, when that the trompet blew,

and commanded

man

to

march fordwart, and

to

to follow the

King, (who was constantlye supposed to have bene in the

host.)

Guydes war appointed

conduct thame towardis

Uj)on

England, as boith faythfullye and closlye thei did.

the point of day, thei approched to the

ennemys ground

and

so passes the wattir without

any great resistance maid

The forrow^ goes furth, fyre ryses, herschip mycht have bein sein on everie syd. The unprovedeid people war all together amased for brycht day appearing, thei saw thare cornes and howssis^ ane army of ten thowsand men
unto thame.
; ;

upoun every syd send flambes of

thame

it

fyre unto the heavin. To was more then a wonder, that such a multitud could
tliairof

have bene assembled and convoyed, no knowledge

cuming
nott
yitt
;

to

any of thare Wardanes.

so at the first thei

For supporte thei looked

utterlie

and

ware

dispared.

And

begane thei to assemble togitther, ten in one company,

;

twenty in ane uther

and

so,

as the fray proceaded, thare

troopes encreassed, but to no

number

(for Carleyle, fearing

'

Herbert Lord Maxwell, Warden of

of

this sentence reads, "

The forward goThe

the West Marches,

at the battle

was taken prisoner Solway. Sir Ralph

eth forth, feare ryses, daunger might

have bin scene on every side."

later
*

Sadler, in a letter dated 4th April 1543,

MSS. are equally

miintelligible.

reports a detailed conversation he had

with liim on the state of Scotland.

(State Papers, vol.
in 1546.
"

i.

connecting the foot of

top of
p. 72, in
;

The words, " cornes and houses," p. 71, and the

Vautr.
edit,

p. 117.)

He

died

have been
also

omitted

Lochmaben
That
is,

see note

1,

page 89.
edit.

in

and tliis omission occurs MSS. I, and L 2.

the foray.

In Vautr.

86

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

to liave bein assaulted, suffered no

yettis
;)

man

to ishe out of thare

and

so tlie greatast

nomber, that ever appeared or

approched befoir the discomfitour, past nott thre or foure

hundreth men
thair

and

yitt thei

maid hott skarmisching,

fates,l

as in

awin ground, in such

houris,

thei

ar most

experte.

About ten
glorie

when

slokned2 on eveiy syd,

;

war kendilled and almost thought Olyver tyme to schaw his

iyris

and

so incontinent

Oliver
thair

upoun
with

spearis lyft

was displayed the Kingis baner up upoun menis schoulderis, and

to

sound of trompett was he proclamed generall

lievtenneant,

and

all

man commanded
all

obey him, as the

Kingis awin persone under

hieast panes.

Thare was prethe regiment,^

:

sent the Lord Maxwaill, Wardane, to

in

whome

absence of the King, propirlie appeiieaned

all,

he heard
Thare war

and saw

butt thought more then he

sj^ak.

also present the Erles Glencarne

and

Cassiles,

with the Lord

Flemyng, and many

utlier Lordis, Baronis,

and gentilmen of
befoir

Lotheane, Fyf, Anguss, and Mcarnes.

the skirmishing grow hottar^ then
it

In this mean tyme did

was

schouttis

war heard on everie syd.

doune
horse.s
;

Some Scottismen war

lared,

stryckin
lost thair

some not knowing the ground

and

Some

Engliss horse of purpose

war

lett lowse, to pro;

vok gready and imprudent men to preak^ at thame as many Wliill such disordour lyses more did, but fand no advantage.

and more in the army, men cryed in everie eare, " My Lord Lievetennant, what will ye do.'' Charge was gevin, that all man should lyght and go to array for thei wald fight it.
;

Otheris cryed, " Against

will feght

whome

will

ye feght

Yone men
yf ye will

non utherwyise then ye see thame

wliill

do,

stand hear
In Vautr. In Vautr.

the morne."

New
*

purpose was tackin, that

edit. edit.

" fentes." " slaked."

In MS. G, "

gi-itter."

2 3

In Yautr.

edit.

" were mired, and

In Vautr.

edit.,

and MS. G,

&c.,

lost their horses."

" the regiment of things."

In MS. G, " proik ;" MS. A, " pricke."

1542.

THE REFORMATION
(tliei

IN SCOTLAND.

87
sol-

the foott men,

deouris,!)

had with thame certane bandis of

towardis
tliare

sliould

softlje retear

Scotland, and the

horsemen should tack

ordour.

horse agane, and so follow in

Great Avas the noyse and confusioun that was heard,

whill that everie

man

calles his

awin sloghorne.2

The day
fear.

was neyre spent, and that was the cause of the greatast
begynnynges, stood upoun his foote with his freandis,
ansured, " Nay, I will rather
shall please

The Lord Maxwell perceaving what wold be the end of such

who
it

being admonissed to tack his horse, and provide for him self;

abyd hear the chance that

God

to send me, then to go

so hie

home and
his
foote,

tliare

be

hanged."

And

remaned upoun

and was

tackin, whill the multitud fledd,

and took the greattar schame.

Thei schote spearis
thikest.

The ennemeis perceaving the

Befoir thei shouted
;

disordour, increassed in courage.

but then thei strok.

and dagged arrowis, whare the cumpanyes war

reacuntaris

Some

The soldeouris caist from thame thaire pickis, culveringis, and utheris weaponis fen sable the horsmen left thair spearis and so, without judgement, all man fled. The sea was filling,^ and so the watter maid great stope but the fear was such as happy was hie that mycht gett a tackar. Such as passed the watter and eschaped that danger, nott weill acquented with the ground, fell into the Sollen Moss.^ The entrie thairof
war maid, but nothing
availled.
; ; ;

was pleasing yneuch, but as thei j)roceaded,

that way, cytlier lost thare horse, or
liorse
boitli.

all

that took

ellis

To be
lies

schort, a greattar feir

thame selfis and and disconfiture,

it

without cause,

seldome bein

seiii.

For

is

said,

That

In Vautr.
In

In MS. G, " of futemen solJeors." edit. " his own sluggard

;"

I, and L 2, " slughorne." MS. A, " Solloway ISIosse ;" in Vautr. edit, "the slimy mosse." Solway Moss derives its name from the

in .MSS. G,
^

which forms the boimdary between Scotland foi- upwards of fifty miles. The Moss lies on the Cumsea,

EngUmd and

berlaud side of the small river Sark, in

the tract of land formerly the Debateable Ground.

known as

Solway

Frith, a well

known arm

of the

88

THE HISTORY OF
sufficient

Book

I.

whare the men war nott

presonaris,

to

tack the handis of

selfis

some rane

to houssis,

and randred thame

(stincking

to

women.
manfully

Stout Oliver ^ was without strack tackin, fleing

;

full

and

so

was his
call it,)

glorie

and

foolishe

proudnes we should

suddandly turned to confusioun

and schame.
foirsaid,

In that disconfiture war tackin the two Erles

the Lordis Flemyng, SomeiTaill, and

many

otheris

baronis and gentilmen, besydis the great multitud of servandis.

Worldly

men may

think, that

all this
it ;)

came but by

mysordour and fortoun,

dentlie see the

(as tliei

terme

but whosoever

has the least sponk of the knowledge of God,

may

as evi-

work of

his

hand

in this disconfiture, as ever

was
that

sein in

any of the

battelles left to us in registre

by the

Holy Ghost.

For what more evident declaratioun have we,

against Benhadab,
at

God faught
disconfited

King

of

Aram, when he
that

was mare

Samaria, then that

we have
?

God
for-

faught with his awin arme against Scotland

disconfiture,

In this

thare did two hundreth and thretty per-

sonis in the skynnyshe, with sevin thousand following

them

Oliver
tliird

Sinclair

of Pitcairns

was

" gevin to Olipher Sinclar at the Kingis

the

son of Sh* Oliver Sinclair of

command,
lomi,"

to

the warkis of Tamtal-

Roslin.

He was a
;

favourite of

and Pitscottie placed him as Governor of Temptalthe Fifth

Ion

James says the King

66, 13s. 4d.

1541,

when

the Queen

In November Dowager died at

IMethven, he and

or

Tantallon

Castle,

when the
It is

powerful family of the Douglasses were

di-iven into exile.

(Hist. p. 224.)

John Tennant, two of gentlemen of the King's Privy Chamber, were sent to take and lock up all her goods. (State Papers, vol.
the

more probable

it

was some years

later
tliis

v.

p.

194.)

He was taken

prisoner

that he received the

stronghold, which
is

command

of

after his shameful defeat at

bvit

Solway;
Sad-

on a cliff overhanging the sea, about two miles to the east of North Berwick. In the Treasurer's
Accounts, June 1537, we find 120 " was delivered to Olivere Sinclare, in Cowper, to pay the Ivingis gcntillmen
with."

obtained his liberty in 1543.

ler mentions, that

when he was about

to repair to

Tantallon Castle, at the

end of that year, as a place of security, under the protection of Sir George
Douglas, Sinclair was lying in wait,
in a small village near hand, in the

In the following month, 20 was paid " to Olivere Sinclare, in com-

hope of seizing him and his retinue.

(Sadler's Papers, vol.
333.)
i.

pleat

payment

of his Ij-veray clathis."

pp. 220, 329,

And

on the 6th Oct. 1540, there was

1542.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

said

89

in the great battell, putt to fljglit the

Benhadad with
is,

thretty Kingis in his cumpany.

But hear thare

in

this

schamefull disconfiture of Scotland, verray few

mo

then three

hundreth men, without knowledge of any back or battell to

follow, putt

to flight ten

thowsand men without resistance

maide.

Thare did everie

man

reaconter his marrow,

till

that

the

230 slew such as matched thame.

fled.

But heir without

slawchter the multitud

the prophete of
victorie

Thare had those of Samaria

God

to conforte, to instruct,

and

to promesse

unto thame.

But England,

in that persute,

had noin

thing, but as

these

God secreatlie wrought by his providence men that knew nothing of his wirking, nether yitt
fell

of

the causes thareof, more then the wall that

rest of

uj^oun the
tharefor,

Benhadadis army knew what

it

did.

And

yit

agane we say, that such as in that suddane dejectioun

beholdis not the

hand of God, feghting against pride

litill

for fre-

dome
ingly

of his awin

flock,

injustly persecutted,
glorie of God.

dois will-

and malitiouslie obscure the

is

But the

end thairof

yitt

more

notable.

The certane knowledge of the disconfiture cuming to the Kingis earis, (who wated upoun newes at Lowmaban,!) hie
was stryckin with ane suddane feare and astonisment, so
that skarslye could hie speak, or

The nycht constrayned him

yeadS to bed
;

to

had 2 purpoise with any man. remane whare he was, and so

His
?

but raise without rest or qwyet sleape.

I
!

continuall complaint was, " Oh, fled Oliver

Is Oliver tane

Oh, fled Oliver

"

And

these woordis in his melancholie, and

'

name

Lochmaben, in the parish of that in Annandale. Lesley, however,

not considerable.

Loclimaben was a

says, "Dui-ing the

tyme

of

tliis

Raid,

Royal Knox,

Castle

and

Pitscottie,

like in the

says, that the

King "was

the King of Scotland remanit in Car-

Castle of Loclimaben."

(Hist. p. 174.)

laverock apoun the Bordour,

not far

from Soloway Moss." (Hist. p. 165.) The distance of either place from the
scene of
tliis

But Pinkerton and Tytler follow Lesley. ^ Hand, or hold in MS. G, " hald." ' Jq Vautr. edit., MS. G, &c., " and
:

disgraceful defeat

was

so went."

90
as
it

THE HISTORY OF
war caiyed away
in

Book
liie

I.

ane transe, repeated

from tyme

Upone the morne, to tyme, to the verray hour of his death. which was Sanct Katherins day,i returned he to Edinburgh,
and
so

did the Cardinall from Hadingtoun.

But the one

being eschamed of the other, the brute of thare communicatioun came nott to publict audience.
torie of his poise, of all his juwellis tharefter, as

and other substance

The King maid inven;2 and

in the face, secreatlie

eschamed

to look

any man

departed to Fyfe, and cuming to the Hall-yardis,^ was humanlie

receaved of the Ladye ^ Grange, ane ancient and godly matron,
(the

Lard at

his

cuming was

absent.)

In his cumpany war

only with him Williame Kirkaldy,

now Lard

some
willed

otheris that

wated upoun

his chalmer.

suppar, persaving

him

pensive, begane to

and The Lady at conforte him, and

of Grange,
parte.

him

to tack the

werk of God
is

in

good

"

My
be

portioun, (said he,) of this world

schorte, for I will nott

with you fyvetene dayis."

His servandis rej^aring unto him,

asked, Wliare hie wold have provisioun

maid

for his

Yule

?5

quhilk then
sniyrk,
" I

approched.

He
:

ansuered,

with a disdanefull

can nott

tell

chuse ye the place.

Butt this

I cane tell you, or

Yule day,^ ye wilbe

maisterless,

and the

realme without ane King."

durst

Becaus of his displeasur, no

man

mack

contradictioun unto him.

Carny,'^

So after that hie had

visited

the Castell of

perteanyng to the Erie of

Crawfurd, whare the said Erles dowghter, ane of his hoores,^

was, hie returned to Falkland and took bedd.
25th of Novembei'. James was still Edinburgh on the 30th of November, when he wrote a letter to Henry the Eighth. (State Papers, vol. v. p. 228.) - See note to page 94.
1

And

albeit

Raith, and Helen Napier.

at

James Kirkcaldy
page 82, note
^

of

Grange,
to

She married High

1542.

Treasm-er, from 1537

3.

See

Yule, or Christmas

as in Vautr.

Hallyards, in the parish of Auchter-

edit.,

MSS.

E,

I,

and L

2.

t )ol.

In Vautr.

edit.

" Christmas daye."

MS. G, &c., " the Lady of Grange." This was Janet Melville, daughter of Sir John IMelville of
*

In Vautr.

etlit.,

'

Castle of Carny, in the parish of

sliire of Fife,

Moonzie, in the
^

These words are omitted in MS. G.

1542.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

yet
liie

91
con-

thare appeared unto liim no signes of death,

stantly affiimed, befoir such ane day, " I shalbe dead."

In this meantynie, was the Queue upoun the point of hir

delivery in Linlithqw,

who was

delivered the awcht day of

December,! in the yeare of God J'

V*

fourty twa yearis, of NATIVITAS.

Marie, that then was borne, and now dois ring for a plague
to this realme, as the progress of hir hole lief hath to this

The certantie that a dowghter was borne unto him cuming to his earis, he turned from such as spak with him, and said, " The devill go with it It will end as it came from a woman it begane and it will end in a
day declaired.
! :

woman."
sensible.

After that, hie spak nott

many

woordis that war

But ever hie harped upoun

Is Oliver tane
?

his old song, " Fy, fled

Oliver

All

is

loist."

In this meantyme,
"

^1*^^^

in his great
fortare
for

extremitie,

cumes the

Cardinall, (ane apt con-

a desperat man.)

He
:

cryes

in

his

ear,

Tak

ordour, Schir, with your realme

who

shall rewill

during the
service

minoritie of your

Dowghter

Ye have knawin my
thame
?"

what

will
?

ye have done?

Shall thare nott be four Regentes

chosyn

and

shall

nott I be principall of

Wliat-

soever the

should be,
1

King answered, documentis war tackin that so as my Lord Cardinall thought expedient.^ As
has

Lesley and later writers say that

the 7th of December.

been

discredited
i.

(see
;)

note
it

in

Mary was born on

it

Keith's Hist. vol.

p.

63

but

un-

Prince LabanofF, however, proves that

was the
J'ai

8th, " C'est la veritable date.

doubtedly obtained credence at the time, as Sadler reports a conversation

trouv^ dans le State

Paper

Office

de Londres, une lettre autographe de

elle dit

Marie Stuart de 1584, dans laquelle le tiij Dtcembre, xl'ij' de ma namance." (Lettres de Marie Stuart,
:

he had with the Governor on the 12th April 1543, who said, " We have other matters to charge the Cardiual with;
for he did
late

counterfeit,
;

(quoth he,) the

vol.

i.

p. 1.)

^ This story of Cardinal Beaton having forged, or caused the King, in

and when the was even almost dead, (quoth he,) he took Ids hand in his, and so caused
King^s Testament
Kiiig
liim
to

subscribe a blank
i.

paper."

moments, to subscribe his name to a paper, which he afterwards filled up as a Will, constitutuig Beaton Regent during the minority of Mary,
his
last

(Sadler's Papers, vol.

p. 138.)

Lesley

also says the Cardinal

made some im-

pcchment

to Arran's appointment as Governor, " alleging tliat the King be

92

'

THE HISTORY OF

Book

T.

many
best.

affirme, a

dead manes hand was maid to subscrive ane

blank, that thei

mycht wiyte above

it

what pleased thame

sight of the CarIs nott the

This finissed, the Cardinall posted to the Quene, laitly

is.

befoir delivered, as said

dinall,

At the

first
:

sche said,

"

Welcome,

my

Lord

King
ar of

dead

X'

Wliat moved hir so to conjecture, diverse

men

diverse judgementis.
in the pott,

Many

whisper, that of old his parte was

to

and that the suspition thairof caused him

Howsoever
it

be

inhibite the Quenis ciunpany.

was

befoir, it is

plane that after the Kingis death, and during the Cardinallis
lyif,

whosoever guyded the Court, he gat his secreat besynes

sped of that gratiouse Lady, eyther by day or by nycht.

Howsoever the tydingis lyked

any sone she bayre.

hir,

she

mended with

als

great expeditioun of that dowghter as ever she did befoir of

The tyme of

hir purificatioun

was sonar

then the Leviticall law appointes.

But she was no Jewess,

dividgat,

and

thairefore in that she offended nott.^

The noyse
departed this
of

of

the death of King James

who
be
left

lyef,

the threttene day of December, the year

God 1542

foirsaid,^

the

hartes

of

men begane
the

to

disclossed.

All

man lamented
to

that

realme was

without

a male

succeid

yit

some rejosed that such

ane ennemy to Goddis

his

treutli

was tackin away.

Hie was

hot the

Testament nominat foui' Kegentis same on no wise could be i-erefeit

:

nor prorin.'"

(Hist. p. 169.)

Buchanan

further confirms this by asserting, that Beaton " having bribed Henry Balfour,

a mercenary
sistance,

priest,

he,

with his asxv.

Tliis

* James the Fifth died at Falkland, and was buried in the Chapel of the Palace of Holyroodhouse. The day of his death is variously stated. Some writers, as Knox, calling it the 13th, others the 14th of December but in
;

forged a false Will for the

the

Treasui-er's

Accounts,

there are

King," &c.
lain

(Hist.
is

lib.

1.)

various payments connected with his

obsequies, under this head, " The Expensis debursit be the
ter
fi-a

Henry Balfour

the Priest or Chap-

who

is

mentioned at the end of

Comp-

note
'

2, p. 76.

the tyme of the Kingis Grace

In MS. G, this sentence occurs on

decess
the

the margin,

having been omitted in

transcriber.

xtj

quhome God assolze, quhilk ires day of December, anno etc.

j

the text

by the

xlij" "

&c.

1542.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

a good poore manis

93

called of some,

King

of otheris hie

was temied a murtlierare of the

decreed thair hole destmctioun.
repressing of thyft
for

nobilitie,

and one that had

for the

Some prased him

;

and oppressioun
affectionis

otheris disprased
virgines.

him
thus

the defoulling of menis

evin as

w}^s and

And
yitt

men spak
spack
all

led thame.
;

And

none
all

together besydis the treuth

for

a jiarte of

these foresaidis
nott

war

so manifest,

that as the vertcuis could

be denyed, so could nott the vices by any craft be

The questioun of governement was throught this moved. The Cardinall proclamed the Kingis Last Will,i and thairin war expressed foure Protectouris, or Regentis, of whome him self was the first and principal!, and with him war joyned the Erles Huntley, Ergyle, and Murray.2 This was done the Mononday at the Mercat But the Mononday following, took the Croce of Edinburgh.
clocked.

realme

universallie

hole Regentis remissioun for there usurjDatioun

stout

for

by the

and Avyese counsall of the Larde of Grange, did the

Erie of Errane, then secound persone to the Croune,^ causse

assemble the nobilitie of the realme, and required the equitie

of thare judgementis in that his just suyt to the governe-

ment
hie

of this realm,

during the minoritie of hir to

whome

was to

succeid, failling of hir

and of

hir lauchfull suc-

cessioun.4

His freindis convened, the

is

nobilitie

assembled,
his

the day of decisioun

factioun oppones^
especiallie to the

appointed.
to the

The Cardinall and

thame

governement of one man, and

:

regiment of any called Hammyltoun

James the
p. 64.)
^

" For

See note

2,

page 91.

Fifth.

(Keith's

Hist. vol.

i.

Buchanan states, that the three persons who were joined with Beaton, when the King's pretended Will was
*

proclaimed, were the Earls of Huntly,

Argyle, and Arran.

Knox and

Spottis-

wood, instead of Arran, name the Earl of Murray, who was bastard lirother of

James Hamilton, Earl of Arran, Mary Queen of Scots, then an infant, was next heir to the Crown. * In MS. G, " successors." ^ In Vautr. edit, "appoints;" the same blunder is copied in MSS. I, and L 2.
foiling

94
THE CARPINALLIS RKAssoNis AGAINST
-vvlio

THE HISTORY OF
knowis
nott, Csayd the Cardinall.) that the

Book

I.

aj.

criiell
*

murtheraris, oppressouris of innocentis, proud, avarii

^
J.

Hammyltonis
, 7
J. ;

THE

GOduble, VERNEMENT tiouse,

and

false

; *

and
call

finallie, '

the pestilence in this

*-

OF HAMMYLT0NI3.

commoun

wealth."

Wliairto the said Erie ansured, " Defraude

me

not of

my

right,

and

me what

ye

please.

What-

soever

my

freindis

have bene,

yitt,

unto this day, hes no

man
to

caus to complaine upoun me, nether yitt

flatter

am
;

mynded

any of

my

freindis in thare evill doing

but by Goddis

grace shalbe as fordwarte to correct thare enormities, as any

within the realme cane reassonablie requyre of me.

tharefor, yit agane,

And
titill

my

Lordis, in Goddis

name

I crave that

ye do
befoir

me

no wrong, nor defraud

that feared

me
God

not of

my

just

that ye have experience of

all

my

governement."

At
is

these woordis, war

or loved honestie so

moved, that with one voce thei cryed, " That petitioun

most

just,
it

and onless we

will

do against God,

justice,

and

equitie,

can nott be denyed."

And,

in

dispyte of the

Cardinall and his suborned factioun, was he declaired Governour,

and with publict proclamatioun

so denunceid to the

people.

The Kingis Palace, treasure, jewellis, garmentis, horse, and plate, i war delivered unto him by the officiaris and he honored, feared, and that had the fonnar charge obeyed more hartlie, then ever any King was befoir, so long The caus of the great favor that was as hie abood at God. borne unto him was, that it was bruted that hie favored
;

Goddis woord

and becaus

it

was weall knowin, that hie was

These two
his

one appointed to have bene persecuted, as the Scroll found in

the Kingis pockat, after his death, did witnesse.
thingis to gitther, with ane opinioun that
simplicitie,

bowed the hartes

after,

of

men had of many unto him in the

be-

gynnyng, who
1

with dolour of hartes, war compelled to

the writing of the Inventoiir
all

On

the last of February 1542-3,

Buke

of

the Treasurer's Accounts exhibits this

" Item, gevin to

the Kingis clething, jowellis, and

xl s."

Henry Wardlaw,

for

utlier gere, for his laubouris,

1543.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

tliare

95

change

opinionis

But

lieirof

will

after

be spoken.

The

varietie of materis that occurred

we

omitt, such as the

;1

ordour tackin for keaping of the young Queue

visioun for the

of the pro;

Mother

the

home

calling of the Dowglassis

and other such, as apperteane to ane universall Historye of the tyme For, as befoir we have said, we mynd only to
:

follow the progresse of the Religioun,

and of the matteris that

cane not be dissevered from the same.

The Governour2

establissed in governement, godly

men

re-

paired unto him, exhorted

him
all

to call to

mynd

for

what end

God had exalted him

him
;

out of what danger he had delivered

and what expectatioun

instant suyting,

men

of honestie
his

had of him.

At

tliare

more then of

awin motioun,

was Thomas Guylliame,^ a Blak Freare, called to be precher.

The infant Queen remained ia the under the nominal charge of the Queen Dowager. Parliament, in March 1543, nominated the Earls Marishal and IMontrose, Lords Erskine, Ruthven, Livingstone, Liiidesay of Byi-es, and Seton, and Sir James
'

Palace of Lmlithgow,

liams,) is described as a native of Athelstaneford in East Lothian and is

;

said to have attained considerable distinction in his Order of Dominican or

Black Friars in Scotland. The Governor entertained him as his Chaplain,

until

the

return of his brother the

Sandilands of Calder, " as keepers of

the Quenis Grace," or
quarterly.
414.)

any two of them

ii.

(Acta

Pari. Scot. vol.

p.

Abbot of Paisley from France, had the effect of withdrawing him from the English interest, and disowning the new doctrines. The Friar's name occm's in the Treasurer's Accounts 1542-3, On the 23d of February,
:

December 1.542, after James the Fifth, James Hamilton, 2d Earl of Ai'ran, was chosen

On

the 22d of

the death of

there

was furnished

" to

be ryding

Regent or Governor of Scotland dui'ing

the minority

gownis, with hudis, to Freiiof Scottis black," &c.

Thomas
" cottis,

of

tlie

inftxnt

Priacess.

GUzame, and Freir Alexander Lindsay,

Also,

At the first meeting of the Estates of Parliament, on the 12th of March 1543,
his

ryding sokkis," &c.

1548,

appointment was confirmed, with a

21st April, "

Gevm
.

to Freir

declaration of his being second person

the

and nearest to succeed to Crown, " failing our Sovereign Lady, and the children lawfully to be
of the realm,

gotten of hir

body." (Acta

Pari. Scot.

voL
'

ii.

p. 411.)

command, at his passing to Hamilton, v lib. x s." On the following day, the 22d of April, Sir Ralph Sadler commimicates to Henry the Eighth the information, " that the Governor was clearly altered
at his Grace

Thomas Gilzem,

Friar

Thomas

Guilliam, (or Wil-

from yom- M.ojesty, and

will

surely

96

THE HISTORY OP

Book

I.

The man was of solid judgement, reassonable letteris, (as for that age,) and of a jDrompt and good utterance his doctrine
:

was holsome, without great vehemency against Preached also sometymes Johnne Rowght, (who

superstitioun.
after, for

the

veritie of Christ Jesus, suiferred in England, in the dayis of

Marie of curssed memorie,^) albeit not so learned, yett more

sempill,

and more vehement against

also,

all

impietie.

The

doc-

trine of these

two provoked against thame, and against the

the hatterent of
all

Governour

such as more favored

darknes then

light,

and

tliare

awin bellyes more then God.

The Gray Frearis, (and amonges the rest Frear Scott, ^ who befoir had geavin him self furth for the greatest professour of Christ Jesus within Scotland, and under that cuUour had disclosed, and so endangered many,) these slaves of Sathan, we say, rowped as thei had bein ravinis, yea, rather thei
yelled and rored as devillis in hell, " Heresy
the Cardinal, the Earls of
utter confu!

heresy

Guyland
also

revolt to

Rome, Venice, and London

of his deceptions.

Lennox, Huntley, Ai-gyle, and Mm-ray,

(Hist. vol.

i.

p. 102.)

and the
sion.
.

clergy, to his
. .

In so

own much

In April 1532, John Scot " was wardit

in the

as the said

Castle of Edinbui'gh,

for

not

Governor hath not only put away his Friers preachers, which he hath all this while defended, and kept about him to preach the Word of God, but also hath secretly sent to the said Cardinal and
Earls," &c. (vol.
*
i.

obeying a decreit against him be James Lawson of Hieriggs the quhilk Johne Scot fastit without meat or drink of
;

veritie

xxxij

dayes,

exceptand

ane

drink of water."
October, " he

And on

the 6th of
to the

p. 158.)

was brocht nakit

In Vautr.

edit.,

MSS.

G, &c., the

words " in the dayis of Marie of curssed memorie," are omitted. ^ Calderwood, under the year 1531, says, " A landed man, named Joline Scot, after he had travelled through Italic, France, and the Holie Land, returneth home. He brought with him
from Jerusalem some date-tree leaves, and a pocke full of stones, which he fained were taken out of the pillar to which Christ was bound, when he was scourged." He then records some instances of Scot's extraordinary fasting,
first

Croce of Edinburgh, quhaii' he preichit publictlie, the samyne quhilk fasting

was be helpe

of the Virgin Marye."

(Diurnal of Occurrents, pp. 14, 15.) In 1541, on the lltli of July, there was

paid "to Johne Scot,

at the

callit

the Santt,
xxij
s."

Kingis

command,

George Makeson's MS., among his " RecoUec(Treasm-er's

Accounts.)

In

tionis of

my

Lordis G[racis] missives,"

"

&c., is this note,

Scott vant [want]

To let Freir Johne na thing for his

:

bukis

and

pensioim

at
lib.

command
3 Sep'

in

Scotland,

and afterwards at

quhairof I gaif him xxiij tembris 1553."

1543.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

tlie

97
Dewill."
in

liamc and Rouglit will caiy the Governour to

The Tonne
Sibilla

of Edinburgh, for the

:

most
5''oung

parte,

was drouned

supcrstitioun

Edwarte

Hope,l

Williame Adamsone,

Lyndesay, Patrik Lyndesay,^ Francess

Aikman

and

in

the Cannog'ait, Johnne Mackaw, and Ryngzeane Broune,

with few otheris, had the bruyte of knowledge in those dayis.

Ane Wilsone, sei-vand to the Bischoj)e of Dunkell, who nether knew the New Testament nor the Old, made a dispytfull
rayling ballat against the Preacheouris,

and against the Gohanging.

vernom-, for the which he narrowly eschaped

The

Cardinall
nour,

moved boith heavin and

to stay the

hell to trouble the

Gover-

and

preaching

but yitt was the battell

;

stowtlye

foughtin for a seassone

first

for

he was tackin, and

was put

in Dalkeith, after in Seatoun.

But

at lentli
to

by

buddis gevin^ to the said Lord Seatoun,

and
to

the old

Larde of Lethingtoun,^ he was

frome whense he wrought
*

restored

Sanctandross,^

all

myscheif, as

we

shall after lieare.

Edward Hope,

in 1560,

was one of

20th of March 1586. (Brimton and

Haig's Senators of the College of Justice, p. 97.)
^ Cardinal Beaton was arrested in the end of January 1542-43, and imprisoned by the Governor first in the Castle of Dalkeith, from whence he Avas transfer-

the Bailies of Edinburgh.

*

This Patrick Lyudesay was probably

the

same person whose name appears

:

in

the Treasvirer's Accoimts, as follows

1543,

April 21.

"Item,

gevin

to

Pati'ick Lindsay, goldsmyth, for

making

of the Quenis Grace

thau'of,

selis, and graving and for service and laubouris done be him to om: Soverane Lord,

red to Blackness.

He

at last obtained

permission to go to his

own

Castle of St.

quham God
"

assolze, as the precept di.

rect thairupoim beris,

xxxj Ub."

In Vautr.

edit., &c.,

" at length

by

notice given."
*

Andrews, midcr the guard of George fifth Lord Seat on, (who died in 1545.) Sir Ralph Sadler confirms the above statement by Kjiox, of Seaton having been bribed by the Cardinal. In a letter
to

Sir Richard Maitland of Lething-

Henry the Eighth, 12th April 1543, he

ton,

near Haddington, whose name is honourably associated with the early

literature

says the Governor told him of the proposal to have the Castle of St.
delivered to the Lord Seaton,

poetical

of

Scotland,

born in 1496, and studied at St. drews. He then went to France to study the laws. He was admitted as a Judge in 1551, and was often employed in public commissions.
at

was An-

Andrews and all

the Cardinal's retainers put out, " Nevertheless, (quoth he,) the

Lord Seton

being

He

tlied

corrupt by the Cardinal with great simis of money and other gifts, brought the Cardinal into his own
strength, in the said Castle of St.

the

advanced age of 90, on the

I.

An-

VOL.

98

THE HISTORY OF
The Parliament
approclied,

Book

I.

which was befoir the Pashe f

thare hegane questioun of the abolishing of certane tyrannicall

Actes,

made

befoir,"^

at devotioun of the Prelattis, for

manteanyng

of thair

kingdom

of darkness, to witt,

"

That

under pane of heresye, no

or expositioun of

man

should reade any parte of

the Scriptures in the Engliss toung,

nether yitt any tractat

gane to come in

any place of Scripture." Such articles bequestioun we say, and men begane to in-

quyre, yf it was nott als lauchfull to men that understoode no Latyne, to use the woorde of thare salvatioun in the toung thei understood, as it was for Latine men to have it in

Latyne, Graecianes or Hebrewis to have

It

it

in thare tounges.

was ansured. That the Kirk first had forbiddin all tounges but thei three. But men demanded, when that inhibitioun
drews.

And whereas

the Lord Seton,

(quoth he,) hath not twelve or sixteen men within the Castle, the Cardinal

hath

thi'ee

hundi-ed

so that he is

plainly at his own liberty," &c. Sadler adds, " I told him he had been very
evil served, and that the Lord Seton had a great matter to answer imto. Whereiinto he said, That he should answer to it," &c. (Sadler's Papers, vol. i. pp. 70, 107, 131, 136, and 137.)

The some additions in the original record, on the 5tli September 1527, (see facsimile plate, vol. ii. p. 295 ;) and the Act so enlarged was renewed, 12th June 1535, (ib. p. 341.) There is also preserved a letter written by James the Fifth, addressed to the Lords of Council and Session, dated at Aberdeen, 3d May
importation of Heretical books.

Act 17th July 1525,

contains

1534, in reference to " diverse tractatis

Pasche, or Easter

the Parliament

and bukes

translatit out of Latin in

met on the 12th of March 1542-48.

' Knox apparently refers to various Acts jiassed in the Parliament held at Edinburgh, 14th of March 1540-41, at

our Scottis toimg be Heretikis, favoiu'aris and of the secte of Luther," wliich

which the King was present. These Acts prohibited all discussion on matand persons from ters of religion arguing agamst the Pope's authority, under the pain of death and confiscation suspected heretics were of their goods declared to be incapable of exercising any of&ce and such as had fled to avoid the censiu-es of the Chm-ch, were held to be condemned. (Acta Pai'l. There were still Scot. vol. ii. p. 370.) earlier Acts against Heresy, and the
;

were sent to various parts of the realm and the Lords, on the 8th of May, passed some stringent rules, for destroying all such books, and for pimishing tres(Acts passers and suspected persons.

to

of Sederunt, p. 21, Edinb. 1811,

folio.)

But the Acts alluded to were nullified by the additions made

Scot. vol.
ii.

in part

them

on the 15th March 1542-43, (Acta Pari.

p. 415.)

On

the same day,

Parliament sanctioned the " haifing the Haly Write, in the vulgar toung," as

mentioned in note

8,

page 100.

1543.

THE REFORMATION
;

IN SCOTLAND.

99

was gevin

and what counsall had ordeaned

dayis of Chrisostome he

that, considering,
tlie

that in the

compleanes, that

people used not the Psahiies, and other holy bookis, in thare

awin toungis

And

yf ye will say thei war Greakis, and

;

understoode the Greak toung

we

ansure, that Christ Jesus

all nationis.
it
it

commanded
yf
it

his

woorde to be preached to
all

Now,

aught to be preached to

nationis,!
:

must be
be lauchtounges,
it

preached in the tung thei understand

fiill

Now, yf
and

to preach
shall
it

it,

and

to hear

it

preached 2 in
it,

all

why

not be lauchfuU to read

?

to hear

red

in all

tounges

to the

end that the people

may

trye the
Apostill.

spreittis,

according to the

commandiment

of the

Beaten with these and other reassonis, thei denyed not but
it

may

be red in the Vulgar toung, providit that the trans-

latioun

war
in

trew.

It

was demanded, what could be represearching was maid, nothing

Luif,

hended

it ?

And when much

but that

could be found,
place of Cheritie.

say thei, was putt in the

dif-

Wlien the questioun was asked. What

ference was betuix the one

and the

other,

and yf
?^ thei

thei under-

stud the nature of the Greak terme

Agape

war dume.
tack just

Ressoned
(father
to

for the party of the Secularis, the

Lord Ruthven,
he abused

him that prudentlie gave

in

counsall to
for

punishment upoun that knaif Dawie,^

the

that

unhappy King Haiy^

mo

cases then one,) a stout

and

discreat
ne\ds,

man

in the cause of God,

:

and Maister Henrie BalIf^^g'^"'''

ane old professour

Restalrige,^

For the parte of the Clargie, Hay,

Dene of
'

and certane old Boses with him.

to

These Avords, " Now, yf " &c., are

and W. * The woi'ds, " and to heai" ed," are omitted in MS. 6. ' In MS. G, " aya-rri"
omitted in
*

MSS.

may
it

be a mistake and the marginal note have had refei-ence to this. In

;

preach-

David Rizzio. Henry, Lord Darnley.

Thomas Gibson, Dean of Restalrig, was conjoined with Cardinal Beaton as his suffragan and it was proposed, that whilst actmg in that capacity, Gib1540,
;

It

may be remarked,

that either

[Hay'sname, or Dean of Restalrig, appear

son should retain the benefices which he then held. At the Provincial Council in 1549, Mr. .John Sinclair, afterwards

100

THE HISTORY OP

Book

I.

The conclusioun was, the Commissionaris

myclit he ennacted, " That
it

of browghtis, and
it

a parte of the Nobilitie requyi-ed of the Parliament, that

should he lauchfull'^ to everie

man

to use the benefite of the translatioun

Bibill

which then

tliei

liad of the

and

New

Testament, togitther with the

beneiite of other tractises conteanyng holsomc doctrine, unto

such tyroe as the Prelattis and Kirk

sett

men

should geve and

correct."

furth unto

thame ane translatioun more

;

Clargy hearto long repugned

reassonis

butt in

The the end, convicted by

thare contrare, thei
it

and by multitud of votes

;

in

also condisconded free to

all

and

so

by Act of Parliament,
:^

was maid
in thair
all

man and woman

to reid the Scriptures

awin toung, or in the Engliss toung

and

so

war

Actes

maid

in the contrair abolished.

This was no small victorie of Christ Jesus, feghting against

the conjured ennemyes of his veritie
;

not small conforte to

such as bcfoir war holdin in such bondage, that thei durst

not have red the Lordis Prayer,

the Ten Commandimentis,

nor Articules of thare fayth, in the Engliss toung, but thei

should have bene accused of heresye.
sein the Byble lying almaist

Then mycht have bene

everie gentilmanis table.
in

upoun

The

New
some
it

Testament was borne about

many manis

liandes.
;

We
for

grant, that

some

(alace

!)

prophaned that blessed wourd

that, perchance,

had

maist

common

in

had never red ten sentenses in it, thare hand thei wold chope thare
;

Bishop of Brecliin, and Lord President,

sat

ther,

dui-ing tlie sliort interval wliich

as

Dean

of Restalrig.
iv. p.

(Wilkins,
In

Concilia, vol.
'

4G.)

In

MS.
edit.

Vautr.
^

G, " lesoun," (lesum.) " lawfull."

to remain in force, any edition was printed in Scotland most probably there was. But we know this

Act was allowed

that Parliamentary enactments of a pre-

The Act of Parliament, 15th March 1542-3, allowmg the translation of the
Scriptiu-es " in the vulgar

vious date were insufficient to prevent

the importation of copies of Tyndale's
translation of the

tongue, in

New

Testament, so
; i

the English or Scotish, of a good translation,"

early as 1526, as well as in subsequent

was proclaimed on the 19th of

It

years

See the Rev. C. Anderson's Anii.

that month.

has been doubted whe-

nals of the English Bible, vol.

1543.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND,

it,

101

familiares on tlic clicak with

and

say, " This hcs lyne

hyd
!

under

my bcd-fcitt
have
fra

these ten yearis."

Otheris AvokT glorie, "

how

oft

I bein in

danger

for this

booke

How

secreatlie
it."

have I stollen

my

\vjff at

And man

this Avas

done of many to

mydnycht to reid iipoun maik courte thairby for

;

all

esteamed the Governour to have bein the most fervent

Albeit

Protestand that was in Europa.

we say

that

many

abused that libertie granted of God miraculouslye, yitt thairby

did the knowledge of

God wonderouslie

increase,

and God
bcsydis

geve his Holy Spreit to sempill

men

in great aboundance.

Then ware
those that

sett

furtli

werkis in our awin toung,

the craft,
christ.

came from England, that did disclose the pryde, the tyranny, and abuses of that Romano Antiof our Governour

The fame
his

was spred

in diverse cuntreis,

and many praised God

parte
was, of the
to

for him.

Ambassadour, Mr. Saidlar,!

sommer.
a perpetuall

King Haiy send unto him who lay in Edinburgh a great

amitie

His commissioun and negotiatioun

betuix England and
so oiFerred, that to

contract
:

Scotland

the occasion wliarof

it

God had

many men
his

appeared that from lieavin

He had

declared

good pleasur in that behalf

(after the

For to King Hary, of

all

Jane Somer,2
utheris

death of Queue Katherin, and of

that

govin a sone,

mycht haif maid his mariage suspect,) was Edwarte the Saxt of blessed memory, eldar
and unto us was
left

some yearis then our Maistress,

Queue, as befoir
'

we have

heard.

This wonderfLill providence

year 1507.

Ralph Sadler was born in the Having gained a situation in the family of Thomas Lord Crumwell, he was brought under the notice of Heni-y the Eighth, and after various othcr engagements, he commenced his diplomatic career in 1537, by an embassy to Scotland. He was again in this coiuitry as ambassador on several
Sii-

occasions. His " State subsequent Papers and Letters," edited by Ai-thur Clifford, with a Memou" by Sii' AValter Scott, Edinb. 1809, 2 vols. 4to, is a

work

of great importance for illustrating the liistory of the period to wliich

they relate,
^

Lady Jane Seymour.

102 of

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

God caused men of greatast judgement to enter in disj)utatioun with thame self, wliitlier that, with good conscience, any man mycht repugn e to the desyi'es of the King of
England,
considdering
that thairby
all

occasioun

of warr
his
his

mycht be cutt of, and great commoditie mycht ensew to realme. The ofFerris of King Hary war so large, and
demandis
so reassonable,

that

all

that lovith quyetness war

content tharewith.

Thare war sent from the Parliament to

King Hary, in commissioun, Schir Williame Hammyltoun,! Schir James Lermont, and Maister Heniy Balnevis ;2 who long remaynyng in England, so travailled that all thingis conceniyng the mariage betuix Edwart the Saxt and Marie Quene of Scottis was aggreed upoun, except the tyme of
hyr deliverance to the custody of Englismen.
finall

Upoun the
and Schir

conclusioun of the which head, war added to the forof Glencarne

mare Commissionaris Williame Erie

George Dowglasse, to

whome was

gevin ample commissioun

and good
lare.

instructionis.

In Scotland remaned Maister Said-

Advertismentis past so frequentlie betuix, yea, the

so
liberallie

handis of our Lordis

other

war anoynted,^ besydis

;

commodities

promissed,

and of some receaved

for

diverse presonaris tackin at Solane Mosse^

war send home

In Vautr.

edit.,
is

and

in

MS. G,

Alluding to the pensions granted

Hamilton's naine
2

omitted. sent to
Sir

in

The Commissioners March 1-542-43, Avere

England James Lear;

by tlie English Monarch, as an effectual mode of securing such persons to his

interest.
*

montli of Balcomie, Treasurer

;

Sir Wil-

In Vautr.

edit.

" Solon

mosse."

liam Hamilton of Sanquliar and Henry

The rout of the Scotch

forces at Sol-

Balnaves of Halhill, Secretary. Theiinames frequently occur in the political

way took
ber 1542.
(vol. v. p.

place on the 25tli of

Novem-

Among

the State Papers

They reEdinburgh sometime between In the the 16tli and 31st of July 1543. coui'se of their negotiation, (in May,) the Earl of Glencairn and Sir George Douglas were joined with them. See
transactions of the period.
tui-ned to

document

232) recently published, is a intitled, " The yerely value

of the lands,

and

also the value

and

substance in goodis,

of

the

Scottish

prisoners lately taken at Salone Mosse."

Sadler's State Papers, vol.

83, 00.

i.

pp. 59-63,

The principal persons were the Earls of Cassilis and Glencairne, Lords Somerville. Maxwell, Gray, Cliphant, and

1543.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

free,

103

ransome

upouii promesse of thair

will witnesse.

fidelitie,

which, as

it

was keapt, the ishew

weall war
all

Butt

in.

the end,

so

ones content,

(the Cardinall, the Qucne,

and

NOTK WEALL.

the factioun of France,

in the

ever excepted,) that

solempnedlye,

Abhay

of Halyrudhouse,

was the contract of mariage

all

betuix the personis foirsaid,

togetther with

the clausis

and
red

conditionis requisite, for the faythfull obseiTatioun tharof,

in

publict

audience,

subscryvcd, sealled, approved and

i)arte,

allowed of the Governour for his

for thare
;

Nobilitie

and Lordis

and that nothing should lack that mycht partes fortilie the mater, was Christis body sacrat, (as Papistes terme it,) brokin betuix the said Governour and Maister
Saydlar, Ambassadour,

and receaved of tliame boyth

in
all

as a

signe and tockin of the unitie of thare myndis, inviolablye^

to

keap that

contract,^
to

poyntis,
after

as thei looked

of

Christ Jesus

be saved,

and

to

be reputed

men

wourthy of credite befoir the world.

The Papistes raged against the Governour, and against consented, and abaide suyre at the contract foirsaide and they made a brag to depose the
the Lordis that
;

Governour,^ and to confund

Flemyng, Oliver Sinclair, George Hume of Eyton, Robert Erskine son of Lord Erskinc, AValter Scton of Tough, Patrick Hepbm-n of Waughton, and John Ross of Craigie.
^ "

all

And

without delay rased

In A^autr.

edit. "

immediately."

The treaty of pacification between the two kingdoms, and the projected alliance of Edward the Sixth with Queen Mary, when she had attained the age of ten years, sanctioned by the Parliament of Scotland, 8th of June, was concluded at Greenwich on the 1st of July 1543. But this proceeding, as stated in the text, was opposed by Cardinal Beaton and the French faction. (See next The Commissioners, however, note.)
as mentioned
in

having returned, this treaty, on the 25th of August, was solemnly ratified by the Governor, " at the High Mass, solemnly simg with shalms and sackbuts, in the Abbey Church of the Holyroodhouse," and the Great Seal of Scotland appended to the treaty. (Rymer's

Foedera, vol. xiv. pp.

Pari. Scot. vol.
ler's
ii.

786-791

Acta
;

pp. 425, 426

i.

Sad-

State Papers, vol.

p. 270.)

^ In Vautr. edit, the words, "and they made a brag to depose the Governour," are omitted. Sadler, on the 16th of July 1543, writes to the English Mo-

narch, that the Governor had informed him of the intention of the CarcUnal and his party " to come to Linlithgow to
siirprize the

the preceding note,

young Queen, and

after-

104
their forces,

THE HISTORY OF
and came
But,
to Linlitliqw,

Book

I.

where the yong- Quene

of

was
that

kept.i

upoun

the

returnejng

the

saidis for
for

Ambassadouris from

England, pacjficatioun

was maid

tyme

for,

by the judgementis of eyght personis

ather party, chosyn to judge, Wliitther that any thing was

done by the said Ambassadouris, in the contracting of that

mariage, which to do thei had not sufficient i)ower fra the
l".^,.^.'^'L*''^

MARIAGE

Counsall and Parliament,

it

was found. That

?

all

thingis O
so

war
thei

couNif TYM
RATIFIED.

done

according
:

to

tliare

commissioun,
Seallis of

and that

gj^Q^j^ stand

and

so

war the

England and

Scot-

land interchanged.

Maister James Fowles,2 then Clerk of

Registre, receaved the Great Seall of

England

and Maister

Sadlare receaved the Great Seall of Scotland.

of the contract

The headis
ratifeid,

we pass by. the merchantis maid frack^

Frome Edinburgh

These thingis newly

to saill,

and

to thare trafique,

which, by the truble of warris, had some yearis bein hindered.

Avar frauchted
xii

schippis

richlie

ladin,

according to the wares of Scotland.

portes departed
other,

From

other tonnes and

who

all

arryved upoun the coast of

sentence, although

wards,

{if

they can,)

to

depose

and put
i.

it is

partially deleted.
it-

him downe."
p.

(Sadler's

Papers, vol.

The statement
self,

is

not only correct in

233.)

And

in another letter fi-om

but

is

required for the context.

edit.,

In

Edinburgh, dated the 23d of July, he

says,

MS. G, Vautr.
copies,
-while

and

all

the other
addition,

"7

thinhe they

all their hragges.

woU not fght, for The Cardynall and

;

the

marginal

his complices do lye at Lythcoo, with

The Papists raged," &c., and also the words, "as after follows," are incorporated with the
^

"

the

nomber of 5 or 6000 and the Governour and his frendes and adhe12 myle a sonder; and

text, the clause,

is

"

And
was

without delay," &c.,

gjj.

wholly omitted,
of Colinton

rentes, with 7 or 8000, do lye here in

this toune, not

James Foidis

appointed Clerk-Register in 1531, and

ambassadours go bytwen them to treate

the matiers, so that,

was
the

also admitted a
first

Lord of Session, at

by

treatie, it is

meeting of the Com-t, on the

1532.

thought they shall agree, and no hurte

27th of

May

He
till

held the
1548,

office

done." (State Papers,

vol. v. p. 326.)

of Clerk-Register

the year

1 This sentence, on to the words " confomid all," is written on the mar-

before his death. The Treasurer paid " to Maister Henry Foullis, for Ms

gin of the

MS. with

this addition, " as

after follows;" which, I presimie, has

i-cfei'cnce to

umquhill fatheris fcyes, in the yeris of God 1547 and 1548, 26, 13s. 4d.''
.

the concluding jDart of the

In A^autr.

edit.

" preparation."

1543.

THE REFORMATION
towardis the south,
to

IN SCOTLAND.
witt,

105

England,

in

Yarmouht

and

without any great necessitie, entered not only within readis,

hot also within portes

and places of commandimcnt, and

Avhare that schippis myclit be arreisted.

lait

And

becaus of the

contracted amitie, and gentill

first,

intertenement that thei

found at the
being, as

the tynie,

maid no great expeditioun. Bot thei supposed, in securitie, in merynes thei spend abyding upoun the wynd.
thei

In this meantyme, arryves from France to Scotland the

Abbot of Paislay,! called bastard brother to the Grovernour, (whome yitt many esteamed sone to the old Bischope of
Dunkelden, called Ciychtoun,^) and with him Maister David
Panteyr, (who after was maid Bischope of Ross.) the learnyng of these two, and thare honest
lyiff,

The brut

of

and of thare

fervencye and uprychtnes in religioun, was such, that great

csperance thare was, that thare presence should haif bene confortable to the

Kirk of God.

For

it

was constandlye affirmed

of some,

that without delay,

puljjete,

the one and the other wald

Christ.

occupy the

and trewly preach Jesus

;

But

few dayis disclosed thair hypochrisye

for

what

terrouris,

what premisses, or what enchanting boxis

France, the

thei brought fra

scliort after, it

commoun

people

knew

not.

But

was
so

sein, that

Frear Guylliame was inhibite to preach, and

;

departed to England

Johnne Rowglit

to Kyle,^

(a

re-

ceptakle of Goddis servandis of old.)

The men of

counsall,

judgement, and godlynes, that had travailled to promote the

Governour, and that gave him
1 John Hamilton, Abbot of Paisley. Ho ai-rived in Scotland between the 2cl and 18th of April 1543. - George Crichton, a son of Crichton

fjxythfull counsall in all

dowtof Holy-

the year 1479.

He was Abbot

roodhouse, which he probably resigned

on obtahiing possession of the See of Dnnkeld, previously to November 1526.

In 1533, he

of Naughton, (Keith's Bishops, p. 94,)

was nominated an Extra;)

must have been

this
witli

far

advanced in

life

at

ordinary Lord of Session, (Senators of

the College of Justice, p. 45

time.

He was a fellow-student Dunbar the poet at St. Andrews,

liis

and died

having taken

Master's degree in

on the 24th of January 1545. ^ See note 3 to page 7.

106
full

THE HISTORY OF
materis,

Book

I.

war
to

eytlier craftely

conveyed from him, or

ellis,

hy threatnyng

be hanged, war compelled to leave him.

Of the one nomber, war the Lard of Grange foirsaid, Maister Henry Balnavis, Maister Thomas Ballentyne,! and Schir David Lyndesay of the Mont ;2 men by Avhose laubouris he was promoted to honour, and by whose counsall he so used him self at the begynnyng, that the obedience gevin to him was nothing inferiour to that obedience that any King of ScotYea, in this it did land of many yearis had befoir him.
surmont the commoun obedience, that
of those vertewis that
it

proceaded from luif

was supposed to have bene in him.

number of those that war threatned, war Maister Michaell Durham,^ Maister David Bortliwik,^ David Foresse, and David Bothwell who counsalled him to have in his cumpany men fearing God, and not to foster wicked men in thare iniquitie, albeit thei war called his freindis, and war of his surname. This counsall understand by the foirOff the
;

said Abbote,

and by the Hammyltonis, (who then repaired

.

Or, Bellenden, Justice-Clerk

5,

see

sity.

From

the Treasurer's Accounts,

note
2

page
is

70.

we
that
Sir

learn that for a short period before

It

surprising

David

the death of

James the
:

Fifth,

he was
to

Lyndesay, among the various persons who were accused of heresy, should have escaped all persecution. For a time, the
personal attachment of James the Fifth

liing's physician

1542,

July or August,

" Item,

Maister Michaell Dnrehame,

in medecyne,
feist
fee,

doctour
the last

(enterit before
liis

may explain this exemption, having been

in
liis

of "Whitsvuiday,) for

half yearis

service since the King's infancy

effects

50."

but the
writings

of Lyndesay's satirical
liim pecu-

1543, Jan., " Item, gevin to Maister

must have rendered

officially

Michael Durehame, doctovir in medecyne, be ane precept in recompensa-

liarly obnoxious to the clergy.

Yet we

find

missions, as

employed in foreign Lyon-King at Ai'ms, till within a short time of his death, which

him

tioun of service done be

him to our Soverane Lord, qiihome God assolze,

for the rest of his feis, as his said

and
*

took place about the year 1555. 3 Michael Dm-ham appears

precept beris,

200."
of

among

the Determinants in St. Leonard's College, St. Andrews, in 1527, and the
Licentiates in 1529.
It is

probable he

David Borthwick occurs among the Determinants in the Pedagogy of St. Andrews, in 1515. He became King's Advocate, and will be
afterwards noticed.

The name

then went abroad, and took a degree

in medicine at

some foreign Univer-

1543.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

1U7

to tlic

Courte as ravenes to the carioun,) in plane wourdis

"

it

was

said,

My

Lord Governour nor

till

liis

freandis will never

be at qwyetness,

that a

dosone of thire knaiffis that

abuse his Grace be hanged."

his

These wourdis was spokin in awin presence, and in the presence of some of thame
entracted
speakin.

that had better deserved then so to have bene

the speakar was allowed for his bold and

plane

And men
tliare

so the
left

wicked counsall deprehended, honest and godly

from God, that he

the Court and him in the handis of such, as by

so far

wicked counsall led him

falsefeid his

promeise, dipt his handis in the bloode of the

Sanctes of God, and brought this

verray poynt of utter ruyne.i
of the

commoun welth
these war the
first

to

the

And

fructis
:

Abbot of Paisley

his

godlynes and learnyng

butt

heirefter

we

will

hear more.

All honest and godly

men banished from

the Courte, the

Abbot and

his counsall begynnis to lay befoir the inconstant

Governour, the dangeris that mycht ensew the alteratioun

and change of religioun

the power of the King of France

the commoditie that mycht come to

him and
;

his house,

by
he

reatenyng the ancient league with France

and the great

in

danger that he brought upoun him suiFerred the authoritie of the Pape
in

self,

yf,

any

joyt,

to be violated or called

dowbt within

this

realme

considering that thairupoun

ryclit

only stood the securitie of his

the

to the

successioun of
w^old

Croune of this realme

wyf,2

for

by Goddis word

not

the dcvorcemcnt of his

first

father

frome Elizabeth Home, his

be

found

lauchfull,

and

so

wald

his

secound

'

In

MS. G, "to the uter point of

of

ruyne."
2

James second Earl

Arran was

Thomas Boyd, Earl of Ai-rau. His was thrice married. His first wife was Beatrix Drummond, by whom
father

the gi'aiidson of Sir James Hamilton of

he

had

one

daughter,

married

to

Cadzow, created Lord Hamilton in 144o, and the Princess Mary, daughter of .James the Second, and relict of

Andrew Stewart Lord Evandale and

Ocliiltree.

Elizabeth Home,

His second wife was Lady sister of Alexander

108

THE HISTORY OF
null,

Book

I.

mariage be judgeit
sj)ak i^rofesy,

and he declaired bastard.

not what
lie

Caiaplias
at tbat

and

yitt wist

spak

for,

tyme, tliare was no

man

tliat trewlie

feared God, that

force

mynded
fortifeid

any such thing, but with thare hole

the
titill

wold have

that

God had gevin unto him, and wold never

till

have called in questioun thingis doun in tyme of darknes.

But
till.

this

head we pas by
befoir

God
;

declair his will thairinfor the Cardinall

Ane
at

other practise was used

(as

being

sett

libertie,

we

have heard,) ceassed not to

trafique with such of the nobilitie as

factioun, or corrupt

he mycht draw to

his

by any meanes,

to raise a pai-ty against

the said Governour, and against such as stoode fast at the

contract of mariage

and peace with England

and

so assemblit

at Linlythqw, the said Cardinall, the Erlis Ergyle, Huntely,

Bothwell,

the Bischoppis and thare bandis

and

thairefter

thei passed to Striveling,

and tooke with tliame bayth the

Governour, as inobedient to thare

Quenis, the Mother and the Dowghter,^ and threatned the

depositioun

of the

said

Haly Mother the Kirk,

Earl of Home, from
!i

(so

terme thei that harlott of Babilon,

with great ceremony, on the 9th of SepThe following entries tember 15-43. are from the Treasm-er's Accounts " Item, the fovxrth day of 1543. August, be my Lord Governoris precept and speciall command, deliverrit to Mathew Hammiltovm, capitane and kepar of the Palice of Liulithqw, for furnesyng of the said Palice, the sowme
:

whom

lie

obtained

divorce in 1511.

Janet, daughter of

Sir

David Beaton of Creich,

Comp-

troller of Scotland,

was

liis

third wife,

by whom he had his son James, second Earl of Arran but who being born
;

during the
wife,

life

of his father's divorced

his

legitimacy depended on the

of

validity

Ms

divorce.

Had

he,

in

such a case, been set aside, Matthew Earl of Lennox would have been next
in succession.
^ The infant Queen, who had liitherto been kept in the Palace of Linlithgow, (note 1, page 95,) was brought to Stu-ling on the 23d of July 1543, (note 7, page 103.) After the Governor's very

of

55. "Item, to the Lord Leviugstoun, for keping of the Prmces[s] ua Linlithqw, quhilk Avas awin him the sum of
October. vhigstoun,

93, 6s. 8d. "Item, to the Lord Lefor keping of the Prin-

ces[s] in Striveling, fra the xxiij

inconsistent proceeilings

the

month

of Julij in anno
tlie last

of August, and his reconciliation with

tlie

day Domini etc. xliij"' to day of this moneth of October

180."

Cardinal,

Queen Mary was crowned

inclusive,

1543.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

Tlie inconstant

109

man, not tlirowghtlic grounded upoun awin default destitut of all good counsall, and having the wicked ever blawing in his earis, Wliat will ye do Ye will destroy your self and your liouse for
God,
left in his
''
!

Rome.)

ever

:"

The

unhappy man, (we

stall

say,)

beaten with these tenta;

tionis,

randered him self to the appetites of the wicked

for

he qwyetlie

away from the Lordis that war wyth

and
to his counsall, receaved
^"^'

him

ini the Palice of Halyrudhouso, past to Stirling, sub-

jected

him

self to the Cardinall

^o^^R-

absolutioun,

renunced the professioun of Christ Jesus his fIyth/reLnd'^^ook^'

holy Evangell, and violated his oath that befoir he had maid,
for observatioun of the contract

and league with England.2

heirof cuminff
to

ab^oh nOUN OF
DEWILL.
TlIK

At
maid

that t}mie was our

to

Queue crouned,3 and new promess

certaintie

Franco.

The

Kina:

Hary, our Schotish schippis war stayed, the sayles tackin

from thare rayes, and the merchantis and marynaris war

commanded
demand the
vaill

to

suyre custody.

New
still

commissioun was send

in Scotland,^) to
tra-

to Maister Saidlar,

(who then

remaned

caussis of that

suddane alteratioun, and to

that the Governour

by

all

meanes

possible,

mycht be
and

called

back to his fomiar godly purpoise, and that he wold

not

do so foolishlie

and inhonestlye,

yea,
;

so

cruelly

unmcrcyfiillie to the realme of Scotland

that he wold not

only lose the commodities offerrcd, and that war presentlie to

be receaved, but that also he wold expone

^ -

it

to the hasard

In MS. G, " with him than in."

All this took place about the 3d of

standing the treaty referred to in a

previous note, he did not succeed in
the great object of his mission at this
time, that of gaining the Govei-nor to a

September, or within nine days of the Governor's ratification of the English alliance, mentioned in note C, page 103,

steady adherence to his original policy

of favouring the

days of Ids having issued a proclamation against the Cardinal. (Sadsix

and

Reformed

doctrines,

and adhering
tion to

to the Englisli ui opposi-

ler's
3

Papers,

vol.

i.

jjp.

277, 278, 282.)

:

the French interest.

Sadler
;

On
3,

the 9th of September 1543

see

was

recalled in

December 1543

and

note
*

page

108,

the country was speedily invaded and

Sadler, in this embassy, arrived in

in

devastated by the English troops.

Edinburgh

March 1543.

Notwith-

110
of
fyre

THE HISTORY OF
and
suord,

Book
that

I.

and

other

inconvenientis

rayclit

insew the warr that was to follow upoun the violatioun of

his faytli
:

but nothing could

availl.

The
all

Devill keapt fast

the

grippe that he gatt,

yea,

evin

the dayis of his

eldast

governement.
pledge,

For the Cardinall

keapt
in

gatt

his

sone in

whom he

the

Castell

of

Sanctandross,

whill the

day that Goddis hand punished his pryde.

King Hary perceaving that all hope of the Governouris reapentance was lost, called back his Ambassadour, and that
with
warr,
fearfull threatnyngis, as

Edinburgh

after felt

denunced

maid our schippis

pryses,

and merchantis and maryButt thairat did the Cardinall

said,

naris lauchfuU preasonaris, which, to the browghtis of Scotland,

was no small hearschipp.

the

and Preastis lawch, and jestinglye he

conqueise England,

"

Wlien we

shall

merchantis

shalbe

recompenssed."

The somar and the

thing
;

hai'vist

pass ower without any notable

Paislie

for

the Cardinall
:

and Abbot of

parted the

pray amonges thame

only.

the abused Governour bayre the

name

In the begynnyng of the wynter, came the Erie of Levenox

to Scotland,! sent fra France in haterent of the Governour,

whome

the King, (by the Cardinallis advise,) promessed to

pronunce bastard, and so to maik the said Erie Governour.

The Cardinall

forther putt the said Erie in vane hoipe that

the Queue Dowager should marye him.

He browght

with

him some money, and more he after receaved fra the handis Butt at lenth, perceaving him self frustrate of of La Broche. all expectatioun that he had, eyther by France, or yitt by
the promeise of the Cardinall, he concluded to leave France,

and

to seak the favouris of England,

;

and

so in

begane to drawe
haterent of the

a factioun aganis the Governour

otheris inconstancie,

and

many

favored

him

in the

begynning

'

to Scotland,

Matthew Earl of Lennox returned by the advice of Cardinal

Beaton, and landed at

the last day of

Dumbarton on March 1543.

1543.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

Ill

for thare

assembled at the Yule, in the toune of Ayre, the

Cassilles,

Erles of Anguss, Glencarne,

the Lordis Maxwaill,

[and Somerville,]! the Lard of Drumlangrig, the Schireif of Ayi-e,2 with all the force that thei, and the Lordis that re-

maned
and war
will

constant at the opinioun of England, mycht

thei

mack

after the Yule,

came
forces,

to Leyth.

The Governoure
(for thei

and Cardinall, with thare

slaklie persewed.)

keape Edinburgh,

Men

excuse the Erie of Levenox in

that behalf, and layd the blame upoun some that had no
of

Stewartis

regiment.

Howsoever

it

was,

such ane

appointment was maid, that the said Erie of Levenox was

disapoynted of his purpose, and narrowly eschaiped
gat
;

and

first

him

to Glasgw,

and

after to

Dumbertane.

Schir George

Dowglass was delivered to be keapt as pledge.

his brother,^ was, in the

The Erie

Lentrane

after,

tackin at the sege

of Glasgw.

It

was bruyted, that boyth the brethren, and

otheris with thame,

vidence of

God

After that
addict to his

by the proarmy had nott arryved the sonare. the Cardinall had gottin the Governour hole devotioun, and had obtened his intent above a
lossed thare headis, yf

had

the Engliss

parte of his ennemyes, he begane to practise,

as he feared,

how

that such

and

thairfoir deadly halted,

should be sett by
that,

the earis one against ane

carnall

other,

(for

in

thowght the

man, stood

his greatast securitie.)

The Lord Ruthven

:

he baited, be reassone of his knowledge of Goddis woord

the Lord Gray

he feared, becaus

at

that

tjTne he

used

the

cumpany
man,
"

of such as professed godliness,

and bare small

favour to the Cardinall.

wise

Now, thus reassoned the worldly

for the

Yf

can putt ennimitie betuix those two, I

shalbe rydd of a great

1

nomber of unfreindis
all

most
i.

blank in the MS. and in

the
is

England
161
;

to Sadler.

(Sadler,
v. p.

vol.

p.

copies.

The name of Somerville

State Papers, vol.

280.)

supplied on the autliority of letters from Sir Ralph Sadler to Henry the Eighth, and from the Privy Council of

Sii-

Hugh Campbell

of Loudon,

In MS. G, " was cfter tane in the

Lenterne, at the siege of Glasgw."

112
parte of
tlic

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

cuntrey will cither assist the one or the other

thei be otherwise occupyed, then to

and

so

will

watch

for

my
cess

displeasur."
;

He

fyndes the meanes, without longe pro-

for

he lauhouris with Johnne Charterowse, (a

man

of

stout corage

and many

freindis,)! to accept

the provostrie of

Sanct Johnestoun, which he purchasses to him by donatioun

of the Grovernour, with a charge to the said

Toune

to

obey

him

as thare lauchfull Provest.

Wliareat, not only the said

Lord Rutliven, but

was hurtfull

also the toune, being- offended,

gave ane

negative ansuer, alledging, That such intrusioun of

office

men
;

in

to

thare priviledge and fredom

which

granted unto thame free electioun of

thare Provest from

year to year, at a certane tyme appointed, quhilk thei could

not nor wold nott prevent.
said, "

Heirat the said Johnne offended

office
;"

That he wold occupie that

it

by

force,

yf thei wold

not give

unto him of benevolence

and

so departed

and

communicat the mater with the Lord Gray, with Normond wliome he easily j^erLeslie, and with other his freindis
;

suaded to

assist

him

in that persuyt,

becaus he apj)eared

to have the Governouris ryglit,

to

and had nott only a charge

letteris to

the toune, as said

it,

is,

but also he purcliassed

beseige

and

to tack

it

by strong hand, yf any resistance

letteris,

war maid unto him.

favour his actioun.
John

Such

we

say,

made many
and
so

to

The other maid

Coutliilgom'dy

for defence,

tuk

Cliarteris

of

gives a minvite
tion,

and accurate descrippartizans were

been elected Provost of Perth, 1st October 1543, but was discharged, by appointment of the Governor, 26th January 1543-44, when Mr. Alexander
liad

took place on the 22d of July

1544,

when Lord Gray's

repulsed with a loss of upwards of

sixty men.
nodie,

(Adamson's

Muses

Thi-e-

M'Breck was

chosen.

Patrick Lord

by Cant, pp.

70, 71, 112.)

Lord

Ruthven, who was chosen Provost on the 7tli October 1544, Avas attempted to be discharged on the 26th January 1544-45, and to be replaced by John Charteris but the Ruthven party pre;

Gray, in October that year, received from the Cardinal a gi-ant of part of
the lands of Rescobie in Forfarshire,
for his "

ready and faithful help and

assistance in these dangerous times of

vailing, Charteris

was not admitted.

which Knox here

the Church."

The

skirinish of

1544.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

tliat

113

the Maister of Rutlivcn (the Lord

after

departed in

mantenanee of the tonne, having- in his cumpany the Lard of Moncrcif,^ and other freindis adjacent.
England,)! the

Magdelane day,^
;

Johnne maid frack for the persuyt and upoun the in the mornyng, anno 1543, approched with his forses the Lord Gray tacking upoun him the principal! charge. It was appointed, that Normond Leslye, with
said
;

The

his

freandis,

should have come by

scliip,

with

munitioun

and ordnance, as thei war

in reddynes.

But becaus the tyde

served nott so soone as thei wold, the other thinking

self of sufficient forse, for all that

him

war

in the tonne, entered

till

in

by the

brig, Avhare

thei fand no resistance,

that the

formar parte was entered a pretty space within the Fische

Gate

;*

cumpany,

and then the said Maister of Ruthven, Avitli his sto^vtlie recountred thame, and so rudlye repulsed

the formest, that such as war behynd gave back.

of the retear

The

j)lace

was

so straite, that

men

that durst not feght,

could not flye at thare pleasur, (for the moist part of the

Lord Gray

his

freindis
;

war upoun the brig

;)

and

so

the

slaughter was great

tlireescoir

for thare fell in the

edge of the suord

men.

The Cardinall had rather that the unhappe

;

had

fallen

on the other parte

but howsoever

it

was,

he

thowght that such truble was

conforte and advantage. The knowledge whareof came unto the earis of the partie that had receaved the disconfiture, and was unto thame no
his

'

Patrick Master of Ruthven was the

also concerned with his father in the

eldest son of Patrick thii-d ven,

Lord Ruthin

mui-der of Rizzio.
^

the principal

actor

Rizzio's

MoncrieflFe

of

MoncriefFe,

in

the

mui'der, on the 9tli

March

1566, and

parish of Dunbarny, Perthshii'c.

July.

who

fled into England, where he died on the loth June that year. Having predeceased his father, and leaving no issue, Patrick was succeeded by liis

day, the 22d of But the year was 1544, and not 1543: see note 1, page 112; and the Diui-nal of Occui-rents, p. 34, where
^

Mary Magdalene's

next brother, William,

April 1565.

who

is

styled
9tli

forty persons
slain.

are said to have been

Master of Ruthven, in a charter,

This son, who was afterwards created Earl of Gowrye, was VOL. I.

Li MS. G, " a pretty spaice fra the

Fische-Yet.'

114
small greaff; for as
for his

THE HISTORY OF
many

Book

I.

of tliame entered in that actioiin

fortifica-

pleasour, so

thowght thei to have had his

tioun
thei

and

assistance, whairof fynding

hegane to looke more narrowly to

thame thame

selfis
selfis,

frustrat,

and did

not so

much

attend upon the Cardinallis devotioun, as thei

:

had wont
good
dinall

to do hefoir
;

and

so

was a new jelosey engendered

his ennemyes.
;l

amanges thame
vallett,

for

whosoever wold nott play to him the

was reputed amangis

The Carwar The Gover-

drew the Governour to Dundye

for

he understood

that the Erie of Rothess and Maister Henrie Balnaves

with the Lord Gray in the Castell of Huntlie.2

nour send and commanded the saidis Erie and Lord, with
the foirsaid Maister Henrie, to come unto him to Dundy,

and appointeid the nixt day,

hour thei decreid to heap
tliare folkis at
;

at ten houris befoir

none

which

and

for that

purpose assemhlet

BawgaAvy,^ or tharehy.

The Cardinall adver-

tissed

of tliare

nomher,
it

(thei

war mo then thre Imndreth and

so

men,) thowght
toune, for

nott good that thei should joyn with the

;

he feared his awin estaite

fui-tli

he persuaded

the

Governour to pas
to tak the strayth

of

Dundy

befoir

nyne

houris,

and
thei

way

to Sanct Jolmnestoun.^

Wliich

perceaved by the foirsaid Lordis, thei begane to feare that

war come

to persew thame,

and

so putt

thame

selves in

ordour and array, and merched fordward of purpose to have

biddin the uttermost.

But the

craftie fox foirseing, that in

feghtting stood nott his

securitie,

rane to his last refuge,

Foulis.

'

Sadler, on the 13th of

November

Gray of

He had

extensive

1543, states that "the Governor and

possessions in the Carse of Gowrye,

Cardinal are

now gone

over the water

to gain

and according

to tradition,

he named

of Forth, into Fife

and Angus,"

the Earl of Rothes, the Lords Gray, Cgilvy, and Glammis, to their party,

the Castle after his Lady, a daughter of the Earl of Huntley. 3 Iq jyig q^ u Balgawy." The place
referred to is Balgavie,

" either by force or policy." (Sadler's

Papers,

vol.

i.

p. 340.)

2 Castle Himtley, in the parish of Longforgan, built by the second Lord

near Innergowrye, two or three miles from Dimdee, on the road to Perth.
*

The old name of the

city of Perth.

1544.

THE REFORMATION
is,

IN SCOTLAND.
so consultatioun

115

that

to manifest treasone

and

was tackin

how

that

the force of the otheris mycht be brokin.

And

war send the Lard of Grange and the Provost of Sanctandross,! (knowing nothing of treason,) to ask " Wliy
at the
first,

thei molested

my

Lord Governour in his jorney

less
;

Wliairto

thai ansuered, "

his Grace's

That thei ment nothing

to

for thei

came

at

commandiment,
to

have keap the hour in Dundy

appointed by him, which becaus thei saw prevented,

and
could

knawing the Cardinall

nott

be thare unfreand,^ thei

butt
;

suspect

thare

unprovided

cuming furth of the

selfis

toune

and

thairfoir, thei putt

thame

in ordour not to

invaid, but to defend in caise thei

war invaded."
the BiscJiope

This an-

sure reported, was send to

dross,^ Maister

thame

of Sanctan;^"p\^^;!'';

David Panter, the Lardis of Balclewhe and

Coldinknowis, to desyre certane of the other

talk

cumpany
(for
it

to

with thame

which thei

easelie

obteined,

thei

suspected no treasone.)

After long communicatioun,

was

demanded,
foirsaid,

Yf

that the Erie

and Lord and Maister Ilenrie

wold nott be content to talk with the Governour,

that the
Cardinall and his

providit

cumpany war

of

the

ground

Thei ansuerit, " That the Governour mycht

lauchfull,

command

thame

in all thinges

but thei had no will to be

in the Cardinalles
for thare

mercy e."

Fayi*e premisses

ynew war maid

and
his

securitie.

Than was the

;

Cardinall

band

commanded
*

to depart

as that he did according to the pur-

1544,
* *

The Provost of St. Andrews in was Su" James Learmonth of

edit. " their friend."

See.

In MS.

G,

the passage

reads,

Balcomie, or Dairsye.
In Vautr.

answer reported, was send to thame the Bishop of Sanct Andrcwes, the Abbot of Pasley, Mr. David PanTliis

"

The marginal exphination having

ter," &c.,

" to desyre," &c.

In Vautr.

been taken into the text, the later copies read as if the Bishop of St.

edit, it is still

Andrews and the Abbot of Paisley were ditfereut persons. John Ilamilton. Abbot of Paisley, became Cardinal
Beaton's successor in the Metropolitan

reading, by " This answer reported, was sent to the

further from the correct the omission of thame,

Bishop of Sainct Andrcwes, the Abbot

of Pasley," &c.

116
poise tackin.
liim
;

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

The Governour remaned and ane certane

witli

to wliom came without cumpany the

saidis Erie, Lord,

and Maister Henrye. After many fair woordis gevin unto thame all, to witt, " That he wold have thame aggreed with
the Cardinall
;

and that he wold have Maister Henrye Bal-

naves the wyi'kar and instniment thairof," he drew thame

fordwartes with
to the Cardinall
it

him towardis Sanct Johnnestoun, whether

was ridden.
Thei begane to suspect, (albeit
to

was

to lett,)

and tharefor thei desyred

have returned

to thare folkis, for putting ordour unto thame.

But

it

was
most
partto

ansuerid, " Thei should send back fra the toune, but thei
neidis go ford wart with
lye

my

Lord Governour."
force, thei

And

so,

by

flatteiye

and partlye by

war compelled

obey.
thei

And how

sone that ever thei war within the toune,

all

war apprehended, and upoun the morne send

Cardinallis
graceless

three
it

to the

Black Nesse, whare thei remaned so long as that

Grace,

pleased the

and that was

till

that the band of manrent and of service, sett some of

at libertie.

thame

And
;

thus the Cardinall with his craft prevailed

so

on everie syd
]iim, "

that the Scotesh

proverbe was trew in

So long
it

rjainis the fox, as

he fute hes."i
or at ane other, that

Whether
cent

was at
in

this

his jorney,

that bloody bowchar executed his crueltye upoun the innopersonis

Sanct

Johnestoun,

we can not
;

affirme

neyther yett thairin study we to be curious

travail to expresse the veritie, whersoever
it

but rather

we

was done, then

scmpluslye and exactly to appoint the tymes,^ which yitt we

^

This proverbial phrase, "

Ay rynnis

the fox, quhill he fute hes," occurs at the end of a* poem " againis Treason,"

nexion with the proceecliugs at Perth in the following month, " The quhilk day, My Lord Gover-

by Dmibar. (Poems, vol. i. p. 136.) - The Parliament met at EiUnbiirgh, in December 1543, and the following Act against Hereticks was passed on
the 15th; which

nour causit to be schewin and proponit in plane Parliament to all Estatis

being thair gaderit,

how

thaii" is

gret

murmm-e
risis

that Heretikis
siiredis

may

be quoted in con-

and

mair and mair ititliin tJiis Rcalme,

1.344.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

when
is

117

omitt nott
eruell

the certaintye occurres.

The

veritic of that

fact

this.

burnyng- of Edinbiirg-h,
noiir

At Sanct Paules clay,3 befoir the first came to Sanct Johnestoun the Govertliere,

and

Cardinall,

and

upoun invyous
and

dclatioun,

war
be

a great nomber of honest

men and women

;

called befoir the

Cardinall, accused of heresye

albeit that thei could

convict
eittin a

of nothing'

but

only of suspitioun

that thei

had
to

guse uj)Oun Fryday, four

men war adjudged

;

be

hanged, and a

woman

to

be drouned
to

which

eruell

and

sawand dampnable opinionis uicontrar the fiij'th and lawis of Haly Kirk, actis and constitutionis of tliis Realme Exliortand tliairfor all Prelatis and Ordi:

naris, ilkane withiia thaii-

and
sic

jurisdictioun, to inquir

maner
;

of

personis,

awin diocy aponn all and pi'oceid

play at the cartis with the Quenis Grace in Striviling, ia ane luuidi'eth 110." crownis of the Sonn, 1543-4, Item, the xij day of .Januar, efter the aggreance maid betuix my Lord Governoiu' and the saidis Lordis,
. . .

'

(Earl of Levinox, &c.,) at convenit in

aganis thanie according to the lawis of

Leith againis his Grace, hyrit

hors, quhilk past

liiij

cart

Haly Kirk and My said Lord Governour salbe rady at all tymes to do tliaii-iii that accordis him of liis office."

agane to Striveluig with the said artalze, and fra Sti'iveling to Sanct Jhonstomi [and] Dunde,
for punising certane Heretikis within the
saidis townis,

(Acta
^

Pari. Scot. vol.

ii.

p. 443.)

St.

Paul's

day was the 25th of

is

and payit
.

to the saidis

January, and the year 1543-4,

fixed

hors

viij

dayis wagis, to every hors on

by the reference
of Edinbui'gh,"

to " the first

burning

by the English troops

Svumna, Ixiiij lib. xvj s. the day iij s. " Item, XX Januarij, after the Coim-

under the Earl of Hertford, in May 1544. Keith, (See note to page 121.) and his editor Mr. Parker Lawson, are
at a loss to reconcile the dates of the

Governor and Cardinal's visit to Perth, and the execution of the persons mentioned by ICnox. Knox's account of these martyrs at Perth is corroborated not only by the more detailed accoimt
given in Foxc's Martyi's,
(p.

and Convention haldin at Strivimy Lord Governoris departmg towart Sanct Johnstoun for punischment as said is, hyrit to tui'S certane small artalze with his Grace thair, xxvj cart hors, to ilk hors the day
sale
Ihig, at
iij

s.

Summa, xxxj

lib. iiij s.

" Item, to xij pyoneris, quhilkis past

and convoyit the said small

viij

artalze,

1230,) but

dayis wagis, to every

ij

man

the

by the following extracts from the TreaThe Governor* spent sui'er's Accounts. liis Yule or Chi-istmas, 1543, not at St. Andrews, but at Stu-ling. The following were payments made by the Treasurer
:

day
tills

s.

Summa,
"

ix lib. xij s."

is

In Mercer's Clu'onicle of Perth,

brief
notice,

The execution of James Hmiter, Robert Lauibe, James Ronaldsone, and his spouse, at PertJi,
in

Januar,

in

Sanct

Pawlis

day,

1543, December.
of Zule, deliverit to

" Item, in the

tyme

1543[-4] yeiris."

my

Lord Governour,

118

THE HISTORY OP
injust sentence

Book

I.

most

was without mercy putt

in executioun.

The husband was hanged, and the wyfe, having ane suckin babe upoun hir breast, was drowned. " Lorde, the land is

nott yitt purged from

such beastlye crueltye

neyther has

thy just vengence

blood
:

yitt strickin all that

war

criminall of thare

But the day approches when that the punishment

and of otheris will evidentlye appear." The names of the men that war hanged, war James Huntar, Williame Lambe,l Williame Andersoun, James Rannelt, burgesses of Sanct Johnestoun. At that same tyme war banissed
of that cruelty

Schir Henrie Eldar,2 Jolinne Eldar, Walter Pyper, Laurence

Pullare, with diverse utheris,

whose names came nott to our

knowledge appeared, had
The ex-

knowledge.
all

That sworne ennemye to Christ Jesus, and unto

sj)onk of trew

in

whome any

^ His name was Robert, not William Lamb, burgess of Perth. Calderwood

also Foxe's Martyi-s, p. 1230.

ecutions at this time are thus very

has given a detailed accoimt, as related

summarily noticed in the Diurnal of

Occurrents, (p. 30,) " Upoun the xxviij day of Januare
[1543-4,] the Governour with liis Lordis past to Sanct Johnstoun and Dundie,

by "

]VIr.

Jolm Davidson, a

diligent

searcher in the last acts of our Martyrs," of the

manner

in

which Lamb

interrupted Friar Spence,

when preachSee

ing on AU-hallow-day.

Wodrow
i.

and brimt mony limmaris in the said

tolbuis [townis]."
2

Society edit, of his History, vol.

p.

174. He also states that Knox's account of these Perth Martyi-s " is con-

Sir

notes,

firmed by the Registers of the JusticeCom-t,

Elder,
ther.

Henry Elder, as his name dewas in Priest's orders and John we may suppose, was his bro;

Robert

where Lamb,

it

is

registered,
in

that

In a

list

of the IMagistrates of

merchant

Perth,

James Ranoldsone,
fleshour,

skinner,

William
Hunter,

Perth, elected 7th Oct. 1544, we find " John Elder, Treasurer ;" and, as a

Andcrsone, maltman, James

were convicted of art and part in breaking the Act of Parlia^ ment, by holding an assemblie and
convention in Sanct Anne's
in the

burgess of the town, he is to be distingiiished from Jolm Elder " the Redshank,"
land.

who

fled at tliis

time into Eng-

(See Appendix, No. VI.)

In the
there

Chappell,

Treasiu'er's

Accounts,

1543-46,

Spey-yards,

upon

Sanct An-

drewes day [30th Nov.] last by past, conferring and disputing there upon Item, Helen the Holie Scriptures. Stirk, spous to James Ranoldsone, convicted becaus of art and pai't in break. . .

was 200 paid as the composition for the remission granted to Jolm Elder, bui'gess of Perth, and also 40 for the
similar exemption given to
Pillom-, " pro
Scriptui'is contra

Laurence
Sacris

disputatione in

ing the Acts of

Parliament,

in

dis-

ment!. "

tenorem Acti Parlia(M'Crie's Life of Knox, vol. i.

honouring

the

Virgin

Marie."

See

p. 359.)

1544.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

;

119

about that same tyme in preason diverse

ainonges

whomc
many

was

Joliiie

Roger, a Blak Frcir,

godly, learned, and ane that

to the conforte of

had fmctfully preached Christ Jesus,

in

Anguss and Mearnes, whomc that bloody man caused murther in the ground of the Sea-toure of Sanctandross,

and then caused

fcilse

to

cast

him ower the

craig,

sparsing
flie,

bruyt,

"

That the said Johnne, soaking to

had
his

broken 1 his awin craig."

Thus ceassed nott Sathan, by all meanes, king-dome of darkness, and to suppresse the
Evangell.
for

to

manteane

light of Christis
;

But potent

is

he against whome thei faught

when thay wicked war in grcatast securitie, then beganc God to schaw his anger. For the thride day of Maij, in the
J""V*^" xliiij

year of Grod

yearis,

without knowledge of any

man

in Scotland, (we

meane

of such as should liaif had the

care of the

realme,) was

scene a great na^7'e of schippis

ariyving towardis the Firth.

The

postis

came

to the Gover-

nour and Cardinall,

(who boith war in Edinburgh,)

what

multitud of schippis ware sene, and what course thei took.

This was upoun the Setterday befoir nunc.
had, what should thei

Questioun was
It
is

meane

Some

said.

no doubt

but thei ar Englismen, and we fear that thei shall land.

The Cardinall scripped and said, " It is but the Island thei ar come to mak a schaw, and to putt us in flote
:

feare.

I shall lodge all the

men-of-ware into
sittis

my

eae,^ that

shall

land in Scotland."

Still

the

Cardinall

at

his

dcnnare, eavin as that tliare

had bene no danger appearing.

schippis,

Men
nent.
shall

convenis

to

gase
to

upoun the

some

to

the

Castell Hill,

and other places emiBut thare was no questioun, " With what forces
some
yf
the Craiggis,
resist,

we

we be

invadit

Sone

after sax houris at

nycht, war arryved

and had castcn anker

=

in the

Read

of

>

In the MS. " broking."

In MS. 0, &c., " eye"

120
Leytli,

THE HISTORY OF

Book

T.

mo
till

then two hundretli

schot

saillcs.

Scliortlie thare after

the Admirall
craigisl

flote

boite,

which,

frome Grantoun
re-

be east Leyth,

sounded the deipe, and so

turned to hir schippe.

of

Heirof war diverse opinionis.

it

Men

judgement foresaw what

nient.

But no credite was

geavin to any that wold say, " Thei

so past all

mynd

to land."

And

man

to his rest, as yf thei schippis

had bene a

gard for thare defence.

Upone the

po;)ait

of day,

upon Sounday, the fourt of Maij,

craiggis.^

addressed thei for landing, and ordered thei thare schippis

so that a galay or

two lade thare snowttis to the

called

The small
proched

schippis

pinaces,

and

light

horsmen ap-

als neir as thei could.

The great

schippis discharged

thare souldiouris in the smallare veschellis, and thei by bottis,

sett

upon dry land

befoir ten houris ten thousand

men, as

was judged, and mo.

The Governour and Cardinall seing

had maid a brag
;

then the thing that thei could nott, or att least thei wold
nott beleve befoir, after that thei
fled as fast as horse

to feglit,

wold cary them

so that after, thei ap-

proched nott within twenty myllis of the danger.

of Anguss,

The Erie
in

and George^ Dowglas war that nycht freed of

ward, (thei war in Blakness.)'^

The

said

Schir George

meiynes
teris of

said,

" I

thank King Haiy and

my

gentill

Mais-

England."

The Engliss army betuix twelf and one hour 5 entered

in

Leyth,

fand the tables covered, the dennaris prepared,

victuallis,

such aboundance of wyne and

substance,

besydis the
the
lyik

other

that

the

lyik

riches

within

boundis

>

In A'autr. edit. " Granton

liilles."'

In Vautr.
In

edit.

" the hilles."

Forth, about five or six above South Queensferry. This

river

niiles
is

one

MS. G,

"

Sii-

George." Sir George

of the foiu- fortresses wliich

were

stipu-

Douglas of Pittendreich was brother of the Earl of Angus. * Blackness Castle, in the parish of
Carridcn, Linlithgowshire, close to the

lated in the Act of Union, in 1707, to

be kept in repair.
^

Li Vautr.

edit.

"

between one and

two of the clock."

1544.

THE REFORMATIO!^ IN SCOTLAND;

to

121

was nott

be found,

neythcr in
fyft

Scotland
Maij,

nor England.
to

Upone the Mononday the

being-

of

came

thame

from Benvik and the Bordour, two thowsand horsmen, Avho

somewhat reposed, the anny, upoun the Wedlnsday marched towardis the Toune of Edinburgh, spoyled and
biynt the same, and
hous,e.l

J"^

,""

so

did thei the Palice of Halynidof Cragmyllarc,

^^^^^^'

The horsmen took the House

;

and

gatt great sj^oyle tharein

for it

being judged 2 the strongast

house near the Toune, other then the Castell of Edinburgh,

all

man sowght
and

to

saif tliare
it

movables

thairin.

But the

stoutness of the Larde gave

que-boote,
for his

over without schote of liack-

reward was caused to mercli upoun

his footc to

Londoun.

He

is

now Capitane
resistance,

of

Dumbar and
by
force

Provest of Edinburgh.^

The Englismen seing no

hurlled

of

men cannounes up
Butt that was to

the calsay to the Butter-throne,^ or above,

for-entree
;

and hasarded a schoote at the

tliare

of the

Castell.

awin paines

for thei lying

without

trinche or gabioun, war exponed to

the force of the hole

ordinance of the said Castell, which schote,

Duriug
under the

and that nott

samyne without

>

this Expetlition

promesed
.skaith
;

to keip the

Earl of Hertford, the town of Edinburgh, with the exception of the Castle,

quhilk Jeromes thai break, and

brunt and destroyit the said Hous."

(Diurnal of Occm-rents, p. 32.) ^ Sii- Sunon Preston of CraigniiHar.

was
with

" utterly
fire,"

ruinate and destroyed

during the space of four " Also, we brent successive days th'abbey called Holy Rode-house, and the Pallice adjonynge to the same." This took place in the beginning of May
;

He was Provost

of Edinburgh in 1565, and three following years. His fatlier, Simon Preston, had been Provost in

1536.
*

1544.

(Dalyell's Fragments of Scotish

7.)
is

The Tron, or beam, used

stood in

for weigh-

History, p.
-

ing merchandize,
Street,

the High
is

In MS. G, the word "judged"

nearly opposite what

now

omitted.

Craiginillar

Castle,

now a

called the

Tron Church.

But the But-

picturesque ruin, in the parish of Lib-

ter-Tron was probably at the building

called the Weigh-House, which stood nearly in the middle of the street, at the head of the West Bow,

about three miles south from Edinburgh. The English forces, on the
bcrton,
is

afterwards

8th of

May

1544, "past to Craigmillar,

:

quhilk was haistilie gevin to thame

leading to the Castle.

122
all
ill

THE HISTORY OF
vane
;

Book

I.

for the qulieill

and extiye of one of the Engliss

;

cannownes war brokin, and some of thare men slayne and so tliei left with small honour that interprise, tackin rather Wlien the most of rashnes, then of any advised counsall.
parte of the day thei had spoyled
nyclit

and brynt, towardis the

thei
to

returned to Leyth, and upoun the

morow
of

re-

turned

Edinburgh,
for

and
tyme.

executed

the

rest

Goddis

judgementis

that

And

so

when
to

thei

had con-

sumed

boyth the Tounes, thai laded the schippis with spoyle

thareofji

and

thei

by land returned

Berwik, using the

cuntry for the most parte at thare awin pleasur.

This was a parte of the punishment, which

God took
and
for

upoun the realme

the end
for the

for infidelitie

of the Governour,

the violatioun of his

;

solcmpned oath.

Butt this was nott

;

realme was devided in two factionis

;

the

one favored France

with England
the uther
for to
;
:

the other the league laitly contracted

in no thingis throwghlie credite

The one did

so that the countrey

was in extreame calamitie

the Englismen war delivered diverse strenthis, such as

Carelaverok,

Lowmabcn and Longhame.

Ankrome Mure,

The maist parte

of the Bordouris

war confederat with England.

in Februare,

And

albeit

that

first,

at

in

the year of

God
^

J"'

V*-"-

fourty four, was Scliir Raif Evers,2 with

many
Hammilxj lib."

Among

the spoils,

it is

stated, that

and

fra thare to the Castell of

the furniture and library in the Palace

of Holyrood were carried off; includ-

toun, the sounie of

....

ing a fine brazen font from the Abbey.

(See Ai'chteologia Scotica, vol.
iv. p.

"Item, (on the 16th of May,) to ane pure man of Edinburgh, quliilkis savit

13.)

But some of the books and furnitm*e had previously been removed by the Governor to Hamilton Palace, where
probably they are
the 8th of

May

still preserved. On the Treasurer paid, " be

my Lord Gotyme of the Inglische menis being thair, and deliverit the samyn to Sir David Hammiltoun, x s." - Ancrimi Moor, about a mile and a
fifty-pece of weschell of

vernoiu'is,

the

Ms

Gracis speciall command, to certane

pure

men

quhilkis tursit (carried)

Iiis

Gracis coJTeris out of the Palicc of Haly-

half to the north of tlie village of that name, in the county of Roxburgh. The battle took place on the 17th of February 1-514-45, when Sir Ralph Evers was
slain,

rudhous

to

the Castell of Edinburgh,

and the English /orces routed.

1545.

THE REFORMATION
slayne,

IN SCOTLAND.
after

123

other Englismen

and the yeare

;

war some of

the saidis strenthis recovered

loss

yitt

was

it

nott witliout great

commoim wealth. For in the moncth of Junij, in the year of God J- Y"- fourty fyve, Monsoure de Lorg-e,! with bandis of men of wan*, came
and detriment
to

the

frome France for a further

destructioun to

Scotland

for

upoun
nallis

tliare

brag was ane army rased.

Fordwartc go thei

towardis Wark,2 evin in the myddist of harvist.

The

Ciirdi-

baner was that day displayed, and

it.

all

his feeallis

war was

charged to be under
the poynt
scliut
it

Many had
so

befoir promissed, but at

was

left

bayre, that with

schame

it

up

in

the pock againe,

and

thei

after

a schaw re-

turned with more

tliare

schame to the realme, then skaith to The black booke of Hammyltoun maikis mentioun of great vassal ege^ done at that tyme by the GoBut such as with tliare eyis vernour, and the Frenche.^ saw the hole progresse, knew that to be a lye, and dois reennemyes.
pute
it

amonges the veniale synnes of that

race,

which

is

to speake the best of thameselves thei can.

thei

That wynter following, so nurtored the French men, that learned to eatt, (yea, to beg,) caikes which at thare
Without
jesting,

entrie thei skorned.

thei

war

so miserable

entreated,
lyves.

that

few returned to France

agane with thare

The Cardinall had then almost fortifcid the Castell of Sanctandross, which he maid so strong, in his opinioun, The Eric of that he regarded neyther England nor France.
Levenox, as said
is,

disapoynted of

all

thingis in Scotland,
in

past to England, whare he was receaved of King Hary

protcctioun,

who gave him

to wyfFe

Lady Margaret Dow-

with

de Lorge Montgomery, about 3500 men, arrived from France in May or .June 1545. (Acta
>

Captain

Pari. Scot. vol.

-

ii.

pp. 594-596.)
for-

on the bank of the river Tyiie in Northumberland, near Coldstream. ^ ! Vautr. edit, "great shiveric." * In MS. G, " the Frenche Captane."
tress,

The Castle of Wark, a Iwrdcr

124
glas,!

THE HISTORY OF
of wliome

Book
to

I.

was borne Haiy, umquliile husband

our

Jezabcll Maistres.
Wliill the

inconstant Governour was

sometymes dejected

and sometymes resed up againe be the Abbot of Paslay,^

who
to

befoir

was called "chaster then any madyn," begane^

self;
for

schaw him

after

he had tackin by

craft

the

Castellis of Edinburgh

and Dumbar, he tooke

and

also

posses-

sioun of his Eme's wyiff,^ the

and

lies

bein

famouse,

Ladiship was lioldin alwayis

Matthew Stewart had retu-ed
Earl of

Lady Stennoss :^ the woman is is called Lady Gylton. Hir in propertie ;^ but how many
Catholic clergy to convey spiritual instruction,
his
3

'

foui'th

Lennox,
1545.

He married

England m Lady Margaret

to

and memory.
That
is,

is

most creditable

to

Douglas, daughter of the Earl of

Angus

the Abbot of Paisley

now
at

and Margaret, widow of King James She was thus niece of the the Foui'th. English Monarch, at whose Court she
resided until her marriage.

began, &c.
*

In the MS.

tliis

word

Erne's,

first

inaccurately
substitution

written,

Their son

rected, but

not distinctly,
copies.

was corand led to

in

was Henry Lord Darnley, who married Mary Queen of Scots. The Earl of Leimox became Regent of Scotland in 1570, upon the death of the Earl of Murray. - John Hamilton, Archbishop of St. Andrews, was a natui'al son of James
first

the
all

of Enemies wy/e,

the

other
;

Erne

usually
signifies

means Uncle
kinsman.
^

here

it

merely

Lady

Grizell Sempill

was

the eldest

Earl of Ai-ran.
first

He pm-sued
and
;

liis

daughter of Robert third Lord Sempill, and was the second wife of James Hamilton of Stenhouse, Captain of the
Castle of Edinburgh.

studies

at

Glasgow,

after-

A charter vmder
March

wards at
the rich

Paris.

In 1525, he obtained

the Great Seal was gi'anted of the lands

of Kittiemuir, on the 10th of

Abbacy of Paisley and as Abbot he sat in the Parliaments of His relationsliip to 1535 and 1540.
the Governor, over

1539, " Jacobi Hamilton de Stanehouse

et Grizeldi Sempill ejus conjugi." Her husband, who was Provost of Edinburgh, was slain in endeavom-ing to

whom

he obtained

great influence, led to his rapid promotion.

Seal,

keld,

He was successively Lord Privy High Treasiu-er, Bishop of Dimand a Judge in the Court of On the death of Cardinal he became his successor as
The
" Catechisme,"
liis

quell

auxiliary

a tmnult between some of the troops quartered in the Canongate, and the inhabitants, on the
1st of October 1548.
^

Session.

Beaton,

In MS. G, " Gilston

&c.,

;"

and

in Vautr.
It

Primate.

usually passes under

which name, from

expense, at

edit.,

" haldin in

povertie."

having been printed at

St.

Ms

probably means, that her connexion with the Ai'chbishop always continued.

Andrews,

in 1552, exhibits a soli-

Some

fui-ther notice of this

Lady

will

tary instance on the part of the

Roman

be given in a subsequent note.

154o.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

and
virg-cnes

125

wyiffis

he

hes had sen that

albeit

moun, the world knowis,

byrdisi bear some witness.
that the flock

nott
is

all,

tyme in comand his bastard

Such

the example of holynes

may

receave of the Papisticall BisThoppis.

In the myddest of
the

all

the

calamities
of

that

came npoun
from

realme

after

the

defectioun

the

Governour

Christ Jesus,

came

in Scotland that blissed Martyre of

God

Maister George Wish arte, 2 in cumpany of the Commissionaris befoir mentionat, in the year of

God 1544 a man him war never hard within this realme, yea, and ar rare to be found yit in any man, nocht withstanding this great lyght of God that sence his dayis
;

of such

graces as befoir

hes schyned unto

alsweall
in
;

us.

He was

not onlye singularlye learned,

as
in
all

godlye
also

knowledge,

honest

humane
per-

science

bot

he was so clearlye illummated with the

that

spreat

of prophesye,
self,

he

saAv

nott

only tliingis

teanyng to him

but also such thingis as some Tounes

felt,

and the hole Realme afterward

places

which he

foir-spak, nott

in secreat, but in the audience of

many,

as in tliare

awin

shalbe declaired.

The begynnyng
that
till

of his doctrin

was

in Montrose.

Tharefra hie departed to Dundy, whare, with

all

great

admiratioun of
to

heard

him,

he tawght the

Epistill

the Romanes,

that, by procurement of the

Cardinall,

Robert Myll, then one of the principall

men

in

Dundye, and a
^

man
iii

that of old had professed knowledge,

Lettei's

George Martine,

his "Reliquine

Divi

Andreoe," written in

1G83,

has
this

given an account of Hamilton, in which,

in reference to the Laily,

of Legitimation of Jolin and William Hammylton, bastard sons of Grissel Sempill, daughter of Robert

Archbishop and

he says, "I have seen copies of charters granted by this Archbishop

to William,

Master of Sempill, were dated 9th Oct. 15-5L (Reg. Mag. Sigill.)

John, and James HamilSempill

tons, his three naturall sones

this

Grizzell

born of and they are

(P.

places Wishart's retui-n to Scotland in 1544, although the Cornmissionars to whom he alludes came back in July 1543. The exact time
^

Knox

designed her naturall sones, but they

came

all

to

be forfeited."

244.)

has not been well Appendix, No. IX.

ascertained

see

126

THE HISTORY OF
for tlie

Buck

I.

and

same had

sufferred truble,

gave, in the Queuis

and Governouris name, inhibitioun to the said Maister George, tliat he should truble thare toune no more for tliei wold
;

not suffer
jwblict

it.

And
;

this

was said unto him, being

he

in the

THEwooRDis
OF MAISTKR GEORGE WISH-

ARTE IN DONDYE.

mused a pretty space,^ with his eis bent unto the heavin, and thareafter looking sorowfullie to the speakar, and unto the people, he said, your "God is witness, that I never mynded your truble, but J conforte. Yea, your truble is more dolorous unto me, then
place

which heard,

'

'

"^

\t^

jg

unto your

selves.

But
truble

am
but

assured

that to refuse

Goddis Word, and to chase from yow his messinger, shall

not preserve
it.

yow frome
shall

it

shall bring

yow
I

into

For God

send unto

yow
yitt

messingeris,
for

who

will not

be eifrayed of hornyng, nor

offerred

banishment.

have

unto yow the woorde of salvatioun,

and with the

hasarde of

my

lyef I have

remaned amanges yow.

God.

your selves refuise me, and tharefoir

cencye to be declared by

my

man I leave Yf it be long

Now ye my innoprosperus

with yow, I

am

nott ledd with the Spreitt of treuth.

for

Butt

and yf truble unlooked

cans,

apprehend yow, acknowledge the

for

and turne

to

God,

he

is

mercifull.

But yf ye
fyre

turne not at the

sword."

first,

he

shall viseitt

yow with

and

These woordis

pronunsed,

he came doune frome

the jjreaching
Merschell,2

In the kirk present was the Lord place. and diverse noblemen, who wold have had the
ellis to

said Maister George to have remaned, or

have gone

with him in the countrey.

Butt

for

no requeast wold he

cyther tary in the toune or on that syd of Tay any longar.

Butt with possible expeditioun past to the west-land, whare

he
1

begane
In

to

oiferr

Goddis woord, which was

as I take him."

of

many

MS. G,

" a

litill

space."

He was
and

friendly to
till

William

fom-th

Earl

Marishall,

the

Reformation,

survived

according to Sadler's report to Henry,

about the year 1581.

pers, vol.
i.

(Sadler's

Pa-

27th March 1543, was " a goodly young

gentleman, well given to your iWajesty,

p. 99.)

1545.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

till

127

gladlye receaved,

that the Bischop of GlasgAv, Dumbar,

by

instigatioun of the Cardinall

came with

his gathering-is

to the toune of Ayi', to

mack

resistance to the said Maistcr

George, and did

first

occupy the kirk.

The Erie

of Glen-

carne being thairof advertissed, repaired with his freindis

to

the toune with diligence, and so did diverse gentilmen

of Kyle,

(amonges

whome was whome

selfis

the Lard of Lefnoryss,!

a
i5i.

man
and

far different

frome him that now lyvith,* in maneris anno

to this

religioun,)

of

day

yitt

many
all

lyve,

and

have declared thame

cans of God,
as
bled, conclusioun

alwayes zelous and bold in the

heard.
tliei

after wilbe

When

war assem;

was tackin that

his

wold have the kirk

wharto the said Maister George utterlye repugned, saying,

" Lett

him

allone

sermon
;"

will nott

much

hurte

Lett

us go to the Merkate Croce

and

so tliei did,

whare he

that the verray ennemies thame The Bischope preached to his jackThe summe of the bischmen, and to some old bosses of the toune. ope OF " his Tliei say that we shuld preach why glasgw all his sermon was TREACHING ^'^i'^had us still for '^ Bettir late thrive then never thrive nott ? your Bischop, and we shall provid better for the next tyme." This was the begynnyng and the end of the Bischoppis sermon, who with haist departed the toune, butt returned nott
so notable a sermon,

made

selves

war confounded.

agane to

fulfill

his promisse.

The
Kyle,

said Maister George

till

remaned with the gentilmen

in

that

he gate suyre knowledge of the estate of

Dondye.

Hie preached commonlie at the kirk of Gaston,^

in

and used much

to the kirk of

the Barr.^

He was
did.

requyred to come

Mauchlyne, as that he

But the Schiref

1 In MS. G, " Locnoreis." The person referred to was George Crawfurd

Gaston, or Galston, a parish in the

district of Kyle.
^ Tliis phrase, " used much in the Bar," signifies that he frequented the house of Barr, the seat of John Lock-

of Leifiiorris, or Loch Norris,

now

call-

ed Dumfries House, the seat of the Marquess of Bute, in the parish of Old
Cumnoclc, Ayrshire.

hart of Barr, in the parish of Galston.

128
of

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

Ayrl caused man tlie kirk, for preservatioun of a taberThe personis nakle that was tliare, bewtyfull to the eie.
tliat

held the kirk was George

lyveth,*

Campbell of Mongaswood,

ANNO

156G.

that yitt

Moiigo

Campbell of Brounesyd, George

Read

in Dawdeling, the

Lard of Tempilland.2
thei
force
sliuld

Some

zelous

of the parishyne, amangis

whome Hew Campbell

be
to
enter.

of King-

zeanclewch,^
parish
kirk,

offended
concludit

that

debarred

thare
said

by

But

the

Maister George withdrew the said Hew, and said unto him, " Brother, Christ Jesus is as potent upoun the feildis as in and I fynd that he him self often preached in the kirk deserte, at the sea syd, and other places judged prothe
;

phane, then that he did in the Tempill of Hierusalem.

is

It

the woord of peace that

God

sendis

by me

the blood
of
it."

of no

man

shalbe sched this day for the preaching

And
in a

so with drawing the hole people,

he came to a dyck

mure

edge,

ujjoun the which

upoun the sowth-west syd of Mauchlyne, The hole multitude stood he ascended.
(God gave the day pleasing and
bote.)

and

sat about him,

He

continewed in preach [ing] more then three houris.

In

that sermoun,

ane of the

God wrowght so most wicked men

lard

wonderfullye with him, that

that was
in

that

countrey,

named Laurence Ranckin

1

of Scheill,^

was converted.

Sii-

Hugh Campbell

of Loudoun,

of their property.
679.)
^

(Ayi-,

Nos. 449 and

was hereditary
Ayr.
*

Sheriff of the comity of

Kiiiyeancleuch

is

in the parish of

The persons here named were all proprietors of lands in Ayrsliire. Mengarswood, or Monkgarswood, is in the
parish of Mauchline;

Mauchline.

Hugh Campbell was

Loudoun

cadet of the Campbells of

Sorne

Dawdeluig,

Brounsyde, in (in Vautr. edit.

also ui

yeancleuch, Avho

" Dawdilling,")
the parish of

or Daldilling,
;

and Tempill and, in that of Auchinleck. The Crawfiu'ds wereproi^rietorsof Templeland; and the Reids of Daldilling, appear in the Retours 1651 and 1673, in the succession

Some

Robert Campbell of Kinis afterwards mentioned, was a special friend of Knox, and much distinguished himself by his singular zeal and devotedness in promoting the Reformation,
his son
^ La Vautr. edit. "Shaw." Laurence Rankin, laird of Sheill, in the parish of

and

Ochiltree, Ayrshire.

1545.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

tearis

129
all

The

rane from

liis

eis

in

such liabundance, that

men
come.

wondered.

His conversioun was without hipoclnysye,

it

for his lyif

and conversatioun witnessed

in

all

tymes to
in

"VVliill

this faithfull servand of

God was thus occupyed

Kyle, woord rais that the plague of pestilence was rissen in

Dondyc,! which begane within foure dayis, after that the

said

Maister

George was inhibite preaching,

it

vehement, that

almost passed credibilitie,

everie foure

and was so to hear what

nomber departed

and twenty

liouris.

The

cer-

tantie understand, the said Maister George tooke his leave

of Kyle, and that with the regrate

queist could

of many.

Bot no

re-

mack him
and
will

to

remane

his reassone was, " Tliei

:

ar

now

in truble,

thei

nead conforte
to

Perchance this

hand of God

mak thame now

magnifie

and reve-

rence that woord, which befoir (for the fear of men,) thei
sett at light price."2

Cuming unto Dondye,

the joy of the

faythfull was exceading great.

He

delayed no tymo, bot

that

evin

upoun the morow gave

significatioun

he wold
or

preache.
ellis

And
in

becaus the most parte war eyther seak,

seak,
for his

war

the head of
place
;

cumpany with those that war the East Porte of the Toune
so the

he chosed
preaching

and

whole sat or stood within, the seik and

suspected without the Porte.^

The year 1544
It

The text upoun the which

"
^

is

the date usually

In MS. G, "at lycht parte."

assigned for the ravages of the plague

Durmg

the sixteenth century, the

have prevailed in different parts of the country The for two or three successive years. probable time of Wishart's visit on that occasion may have been in August
in

Dundee.

would seem

to

town of Dundee was surrounded by a

double wall, with ports or gates, which were all removed about sixty years ago, with the exception of the East Gate, called the Cowgate Port, which was then

1545, as

we

are told,

"In

this

tyme
bur-

"allowed

to

stand,

from respect to

the pest

was wonder

gi'eit in all

mony
want

rowis townis of this realme, quhair pcipill deit with great skant and
of victuallis." (Diurnal
of Oc-

Wishart's memory, and his services to the inhabitants of Dmidce, during the

plague of 1544 and it is still kept in good preservation." (New Stat. Ac;

currents, p. B9.)

count, Forfarshire,
1

p. 17.)

VOL.

I.

130
his
first

THE HISTORY OF
sermoun was made,
;

Book

I.

lie

took fra the huncbeth and

sevin Psahne

the sentence thareof, "

;"

He

send his woorde

thy woord

and healled thame

" It
is

and tharewith joyned these woordis,

nor plaster,
Lord, butt

neather herbe
all."

healleth

In the which sermoun, he maist confortablie

;

did intreat the dignitie and utilitie of Groddis woord

the

punishment that cumis

for the

contempt of the same

the

promptitude of Goddis mercy to such as trewlye turne to

him

yea, the great

happynes of thame whome God tackis

from this miserie, evin in his avvin gentill visitatioun, which

the malice of

man

cane neyther eak nor paire.

of
all

By

the which

sermoun he

so rased u]) the hartis

that

heard him,

that thei regarded nott death, but judged

that should departe, then such as should

thame more happy remane behynd

;

considering that thei

confortar with

knew

nott yf thei shuld have such a

thame
in

at all tymes.

He

spared not to viseit

;

thame that lay

thame
or as that
all
;

the verray

extreamitie

he
;

conforted

he myclit in such a multitude

he caused

minister

thingis necessarye to those that

mycht use meat

drynk

and
;

in

that

poynt was the Toune wonderouse

beneficiall

for the

poore was no more neglected then was

the

rich.

Wliill

he was spending his lyve to conforte the

ceasscd
nott
to
stirr

afflicted,

the

Devill

up

his

awin
the

sone

the

Cardinall agane,

who corrupted by money a

to

disperat preast,
said

named
George,

Schir

Johne Wightone,
not to

slay

Maister
so
cir-

who looked

him

self in

all

thingis

cumspectlie as worldlie

men wold have

wissed.

And upoun

a day, the sermoun

ended,

and the people departing, no

man

suspecting danger, and tharefore nott heading the said

Maister George, the Preast that was corrupted stood wating

at the foot of the steppis, his goune.lowse,

and
the
eie

his

whinger
Maister

drawin
George,

into
as

his

hand under

his

gown,

said

that he

was most scharpe of

and judge-

1545.

THE REFORMATION
and
as
lie

IN SCOTLAND.

131
"

ment, marked him,

freind, wliat

came

neyr,

lie

said,

My

wald ye do

V And

tliarewith lie clapped his

hand upoun the Preastis hand, wharein the whingar Avas, The Preast abassed, fell down which he tooke from him.
at
his
feitt,

and

oj^enly

confessed

the

veritie

as

it

was.

The noyse
by
forse ;"

rysing,

and cuming

to the earis of the seik, thei

cryed, " Deliver the tratour to us, or ellis

we

will

tack him

and

so thei birst^ in at the

yett.

But Maister

George took him in his amies, and

said, "

Whosoevir trubles
in nothing, hot
to witt,

him
he he

shall
lies

truble

me

for

he has

liurte

me

done great conforte boytli to yow and me,

lattiii

lies

us understand what
will

we may
so

feare

in

tynies
boitli

to come.

We

watch better."

And

he appeased

the one parte and the other, and saved the lyif of him that
soght
his.

Wlieii

the plague was so ceassed, that

almost thare war

said,

none seak, he tooke his leave of thanie, and

"

That
self

God had almost

unto him.
thei

putt end to that battell

he fand him

called to ane other."

The gentilmen

of the

West had written

;

That he should meitt thanie at Edinburgh

be
but
;

for

wald requyre disputatioun of the Bischoppis, and that

should
;

he

publictlie
first,

heard.

Whaireto

he

willinglye

aggreed

he passed to Montrose, to salute the

Kirk thare
preaching,

wliare

he remaned occujiyed

sometymes
in

in

but most parte in secreat

meditatioun,

the

which he was so earnest, that nyclit and day he wold continew in

it.

Wliill

he was so occupyed with his God, the

secreat

Cardinall drew a

drawght

for

his

slawchter.
beiii

He

caused to writt unto him a

letter, as it

had

frome his

most familiare
'

freind,

the Larde of Kynneyre,^ " Desyring

neir de eodem, in the lands
in the

In MS. G, " thay

tlirist in."

John Kynneir of Kynneir,

of Kynneir, 30th Jnly

Fife,

and barony 1543. (Retours,

parish of Kilmany, in Fife.

He was

No.

2.)

served heir to his father David Kyn-

132

THE HISTORY OF
come unto

Book
liim, for lie

I.

liim with all possible diligence to

was

strickin with a

suddane seakness."

In this meantynie, had

the tratour provided thre score men, with jackis and spearis,
to

lye in wate within a myll

Montrose, for his dispatche.

and a half of the tonne of The letter cuming to his hand,

the boy had brought a horse,)
furtli

he maid haste at the

first, (for

and
back

so

with some honest men, he passes

of the toune.

But suddandlye he stayed, and musing a

;

space,

returned
:

wdiareat thei wondering, he said, " I will nott go

am

forbiddin of

God

am

assured thare

is

treasone.

Lett

some of yow, (sayis he,) go to yonder place, and tell me what ye fynd." Diligence made, thei fand the treassone, which being schawin with expeditioun to Maister as it was
;

George, he ansured, " I

lief in

know

that I shall finysli this l

;

my

that blood-thrusty manis handis

butt

it

will not be

of this nianer."

The tyme approching that he had appointed

to meit the

gentilmen at Edinburght, he took his leave of Montrose,

and, sore against the judgement of the Lard of Dune,2 he

entered in his jorney, and so returned to Dondy but remaned not, but passed to the hous of a faythfull brother, named James Watsone, who dwelt in Inner Gowrye, distant
;

frome the said toune two myles, and that nycht, (as infor-

matioun was gevin

Watsoun, both

to

us

by Williame Spadin and Johnne

litill

men

of good credyte,) bcfoir day a

he

passed furth into a yard.

followed prcvilie,

The said Williame and Johne and took head what he did. When he had

gone up and doune into ane alay a ressonable space, with many sobbes and deape grones, he platt upoun^ his knees,
^

In Vautr.

edit.,

MSS.

G, A, &c., " I

although a layman, he was admitted to

the office of Superintendent of

shall
-

ende

my

lyfe."

Angus
and

John Erskine of Dun, near Montrose, a zealous and consistent friend of

the Reformation.

and Mearns. ^ In MS. G, "with money

deip grones, he plat tloun."
etlit.

siches

After the establishin

In Vautr.

ment of the Reformation,

July 15G0,

"he

fell

upon."

1545.

THE REFORMATION
setting-

IN SCOTLAND.
;

l;}3

and

tliareon,

his

groncs incrcasscd
fiice
;

and fromc

his
for-

knees he

fell

upoun

his

and then the personis

it

named heard
it

weajiing and, as
in the

war ane indigest sound, as

neyi'e

war of
and

praycris,
after

which he continewed
;

anc

hour,
in

begane to be qwiet

and

so arrose

and came

They that awated prevented him, as thei had bein ignorant, till that he came in and than begane Butt that nycht he thei to demand whare he had bein ? wold ansuer nothing. Upoun the morow, thei urged him
to his bed.
;

agane

and whill that he dissimuled, thei

;

said,

" Maister
;

George, be plaine with us

for

we heard your grones

yea,

we heard your
said, " I

bitter

murning, and saw yow boyth upoun

With dejected visage, he had rather ye had bein in your beddis, and it had bein more profitable to yow, for I was skarse weall occupy ed." Wlicn thei instantlie urged him to lett tliame know
your kneis and ujioun your face."

some conforte
that

he
is

said,

" I will tell yow, that I

am

assured

my

travail

neir ane
I

end

and tharefor

call to

God

with me, that

moist hoote."

now

schrink not

when the
ansured, "

battell
said,

waxis

And

whill that thei weaped,

;"

and

"That
send
^p^Ki"
*iiy

was small conforte unto tliame

he

God

shall

yow

conforte after me.

This realme shalbe illuminated with

the light of Christis Evangell, as clearlie as ever was any cKORGif ^^'''"'^'' realme sence the dayis of the Apostles. The house of God
shalbe builded in to
it.

Yea,

it

sail

not lack,

(whatsoever

the

ennemyc imagync in the contrare,) the vcrray cope stone :"l Mcanyng that it shuld anes be browght to the
full perfcctioun.

" Neyther, (said he,) shall this be long to

Tharc

shall nott

many

suffer after

me,

till

that the glorie of

God

shall evidently appear,

and
!

shall anes

triumphe in

dis-

pyte of Sathan.

Butt, allace

yf the people shall after be

unthankfull, then fcarfull and terrible shall the plagues be

" kcnpc-stouc

'

In

MS. 0,

:"

Vautr. edit,

ha;:,

" kccpo

i>tout'."

134

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

that after shall follow."

And

with these woordis he marched

;

fordwardis in his jorney towardis Sanct Johnestoun

to Fjff,

and

so

and then to

Leytli.

Wliare arryved,

and hearing
(to witt,

no wourd of those that appointed to meitt him,

Erie of Cassilles, and the gentill

the

men

of

Kyle and Cunyng-

hame,i) keap him self secreat a day or two.

to

But begynnyng
cans,

wax

sorowfull in spreit,
as

and being demanded of the

his

of such

war nott
this

into

cumpany

of hefoir, he said,

" Wliat diifer I from

a dead man, except that I eat and

tyme God hes used my laubouris to the and unto the disclosing of darknes and now I lurk as a man that war eschamed, and durst not schaw him self befoir men." By these and lyik woordis, thei that heard him understoode that his desyre was to
drynk
?

To

instructioun of otheris,

preach

and

tharefoir said, " Maist confortable

:

it

war unto

us to hear

ye stand,
otheris

yow but becaus we know we dar not desyre yow."

(said he,)

the danger wharein

"

But

dar ye and
provide for

hear,

and then

lett
it

my God
;

me, as best pleasith him."

Finally,

the nixt Sounday he should preach in Leyth

did,

was concluded, that as that he

of the

and took the

to

text,

"

The Parable

Sowar that

went furth

saw sead," Mathsei,

fyvetene dayis^ befoir Yule.

men

of Lotlieane,

And this was upoun a 18. The sennon ended, the gentill who then war earnest professouris of Christ
remane
tooke
in Leyth,

Jesus, thought not expedient that he shuld

becaus that the Governour and Cardinall war schortlie to

come
tliame,
in

to

Edinburgh

and tharefore
in

thei

him with
sometymes
for

and keapt him sometymes and sometymes

in Brounestoun,

Langnudry,

Ormestoun

those

thrie^ diligentlie

awated upoun him.

" to

The Sounday

following,

The words

following

meitt

befoir Yuill."

Yautr. reads, "

tlie

xv
of

him," are a subsequent marginal addition

"

by the author. In MS. G, " and this the fyfteiu day

day before Christmas." 3 That is, Alexander Crichton

Brunstone,

Hugh Douglas

of Long-Nid-

1645.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

135

lie

preached in the kirk of Enresk,^ besydis Mussilburght, both befoir and at after none, whare thare was a great confluence of people,

amonges whome was Schir George Douglass,5

publictlie, " I

who

after the

sermon said

know

that

my

Lord

^v'ooedis of
Dow^'GTrs^s^

Governour and

my

Lord Cardinall
tliei

shall

hear that I have

in Edinburght.)
will

bein at this preaching, (for

war then
it,

Say unto tliame that I

of the

will

avow

and

nott

onlye

manteane the doctrin that

teachare to the

have hard, bot

also the persone

uttermost of

my

power."

Which

woordis greatly rejosed the people and the gentilmen then

present.

One thing notable in that sermon we can not pass Amonges otheris thare came two Gray Frearis, and standing in the entrie of the kirk doore, thei made some whispering to such as came in. Wliich perceaved, the
by.

preachar said to the people

hartlye pray

that

stoode

ney thame,
:

" I

yow

to

mack roome

to those

two men

It

may
said,

be that thei be come to learne."

"

And

unto thame he

Come

neyr,

(for

thei stoode in the verray entiye of the

doore,) for I assure

yow ye

shall heare the

woord of
man

veritie,

dry,

and John Cockburn of Oruiiston.

Sir Walter Scott,) a

of spirit and

As

there are two i^laccs of the

name

of

Brimstone

Mid-Lotliian,
it

it

may

be
the

proper to notice, that

the old Castle

must have been

shared with his brother in the power which he possessed durmg the minority of James V. was banished
talents
; ;

now

in ruins,

parish of Pennycuik,

where Wishart

occasionally resided, and not the house

of that name, at the eastern extremity of Libberton parish,

with him, and almost all the name of Douglas, into England, where they remained till the death of the King and were then sent by Ileni'y back to theii"
;

which was

built,

native country, along with the Solway

prisoners, in order to strengtlien the

or afterwards belonged to the Lauderdale family.

Sec a subsequent
six miles

note

English party in Scotland."

Papers, vol.
i.

(Sadler's

respecting the Crichtons of Brimstone.

*

Or Invercsk,

from Edin-

burgh.
"'

His name appears on the 1st of April 154 9, as an Extraordinary Lord of Session, which
p. 06, note.)

Sir George Douglas of Pittendreich,

was a younger son of George, Master of Angus, who was killed at Floddon in 1513, and brother of Archibald, .seventh Earl of Angus. " He was. (says

the account in Douglas's Peerage of his having been killed at Having Pinkie, in Seiiteniber 15i7.

disproves

in 1556,

predeceased his brother, his eldest son, becamo eighth Earl of Angus.

136
wliicli shall

THE HISTORY OF
eyther seall in to

Book

I.

yow

this

same day your

sal-

vatioun, or condempnatioun."
trin,

And

so proceaded

he in doc-

supposing

that

thei

wold have bein qwyette.

But
wir-

when he perceaved them

ney thame,
MAisTKR GEORGE
Z^^^^Sr^rr NY NO TO

still

to truble the people that stood

false

(for

vehement was he against the

schipping of God,) he turned unto thame the secound tyme,

g^j^(j

sergeantis of ane awfull countenance said, " -y^ith Sathan, and deceavaris of the soules of men, will ye nether
'

TWO GRAY
TEEIRIti.

hear Goddis trewth, nor suffer otheris to hear

it ?

Departe
con-

and tack
shall

this for

your portioun,

God
:

shall

schortlie

found and disclose your hipochrisie

Within this realme ye

be abhominable unto men, and your places and habiThis sentence he pronunced with
in

tationis slialbe desolate/'

great vehemencye,

the

myddist of the sermoun

and
re-

turneying to the people, he said, "

Yone wicked men have

provocked the Spreat of God to angar."

ended, he came to Langnudrye

And

so

he

turned to his mater, and proceaded to the end.

travaill
;

Soundayis preached in

That dayis and the two nixt Tranent, with the lyik grace and
In
all

lyik confluence of people.

his semionis, after his de-

parture from Anguss, he foresi^ake the schortnes of the

that he

tyme

had

to travail,

and of his death, the day whairof

beleve.

he said approched neyar then any wold

dayis
of

In the hynder end of those dayis that ar called the Holy

Yule,
past
it

he,

by consent of the gentilmen,

to

Hadingtoun, wliare

was supposed the greatast confluence

of people should be, boyth be reassoun of the toune

and of

the countrey adjacent.

tourisi

was reassonable,

The and

first

day befoir nunc the audinothing in comparisone of

yitt

that which used to be in that kyrk.

Butt the after nune,

and the nixt day following

so sclender, that

befoir

nune, the auditure^ was

Tlie cause

many wondered.

was judged

to

'

In MS. G, " aiidieucc'

In

MS.

G, " auiUtors,"

1546.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

137

have bein, that the Erie Bothwell, who in those boundis

used to have great credite and obedience, by procurement of
the Cardinall, had gevin inhibitioun, asweell unto the toune,
as unto the countrey, that thei should nott hear

the pane of his displeasur.

him under The first nycht he lay within the toune with David Forress, now called the Gencrall,! anc man that long lies professed the truetli, and upoun whom many in that tyme depended. The secound nycht, he lay
in Lethingtoun,

the

Lard 2 whareof was ever

civile,

albeit

not persuaded in religioun.

said

The day

following,

befoir the

Maister George past to the sermoun,

thare came to

him a boy with ane letter from the West land, which receaved and red, he called for Johne Knox,^ who had awaited upoun him carefullie fronie the tyme he came to Lotheane
;

with wliome he began to enter in purpose, " that he weryed

of the world
:"

for

he perceaved that

men begane

to

weary of

The caus of his complaint was, the gentilmen of the West had writtin unto him, that thei could nott keape dyet at Edinburgh. The said Johne Knox Avondering that he desyi'ed to keape any purpoise befoir sermoun, (for that was never his accustomed use befoir,) said, " Scliir, the tyme of semioun approches I will leave yow for the present to your meditatioun ;" and so took the bill conteanyng the purpose foirsaid, and left him. The said Maister George spaced up and doune behynd the hie altar more then half ane hourc his verray contenance and visage declared the greaf and alteratioun of his mynd. At last, he passed to
God.^
: :

the

pulpctt,

but the auditure was small.

several
aftei'-

He

should have

'

David Forres, or Forrest,

is

times mentioned by

Knox

he

with some modern additions, and now called Lennox Love, is rather more than
a mile to the soutli of Haddington
^

wards held the oifice of General of the Conzie House or Mint. 2 Sir Richard Maitland of Letliington see note 2, page 96. The house of
:

Tliis is the first

occasion on which
after " world,"

Knox
'

inti-oduces liimself.

In

MS. G, the words

Lethitigton, being a massive

oM

tower,

are omitted.

138

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

to have entreated the secound table of the Law But thareof in that sermoiin lie spak verray litill, but beLord, how long shall it be, that thy gane on this maner "

begune

holy woord shalbe despysed, and

men

shall not regard tliare

awin salvatioun.

have heard of thee, Hadingtoun, that in

thee wold have bein at ane vane Clerk playi two or three

thowsand people

and now

to

hear the messinger of the

Eternall Grod, of all thy toune nor parishe can not be

nom-

bred a hundreth personis.

Sore and

feiifull shall
:

the plagues

be that shall ensew this thy contempt

with fyre and swerd

in speciall,
inliabiellis

thow

shalt be plagued

yea,

thow Haddingtoun,

strangearis shall possesse thee,

and yow, the present

tantes shall" eyther in bondage sei-ve your ennemyes, or

ye shalbe chassed
Goddis
mercifuU

fra

your awin habitationis

In
such

and that be-

caus ye have not knawin, nor will nott

visitatioun/'

know

the tyme of vehemency and

threatnyng continewed that servand of

God neyr ane hour

all

and ane

half, in

the which he declared

" I

the plagues that

ensewed, as plainlie as after our eyes saw thame performed.

Li the end he

said,

have forgotten
;

my
lett

self

and the

mater that
woordis
as
till

I should have entraited

but

these

my

last

concernjmg publict preaching, remane in your

that

myndis,

God send yow new

conforte."

Thairefter

he maid a schorte paraphrasis ujioun the Secound Table, with

ane exhortatioun to patience, to the fear of God, and unto
the werkis of mercy
;

and

so putt

end, as

it

war macking

his last testament, as the ischew declaired, that the sj)reat

of tre^vth

mouth.

and of trew judgement war both in his harte and For that same nyclit was he apprehended, befoir
for

mydnycht, in the house of Ormestoun, by the Erie BothAvell,

made

money bucheour
name
for

to the Cardinal!.
under the title of Mysteries, and which were usually founded on some passage
of Scriptiu-c.

'

Clerk Plays was another

those dramatic entertainments, which

in

France and England were known

1546.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

139

The maner
ever,

of his tackin was thus

departing fi-ome the

it

toune of Hadingtoun, he tuk his good nyght, as

of
all

Avar for

his acquentance,

especiallie

from
to

Hew

Dowglas

of Laugnudrye.

Johne Knox preassing

blisse yow.

have gone with

the

said

Maister George, he said, " Nay, retume to your

barnes,
fice."

and God

And

so

one sacrihe caused a twa handed sweard, (which comis

One

sufficient for

fra the

monly was caryed wnth the said Maister George,) be tackin said Johnne Knox, who, albeit unwillinglie, obeyit, and returned with Hew Dowglass of Langnudrye.i Maister

George having to accompany him the Lard of Ormestoun, Johnne Sandelandis of Gaidar youngar, the Lard of Brounestoun, and otheris, with thare servandis, passed upoun foote,
(for it

was a vehement

frost,)

to

Ormestoun.

After suppar

he held confortable purpose of the death of Goddis chosen

childrin,

and mearely^
;"

said,

"

Methink that
said,

I desyi-e earnest-

lye

to

Psalme
put in

we sing a he appointed the 51st Psalme, which was Scotishe meter, and begane thus,
sleap

and thairwith he

" Will

f And

so

Have mercy on me now, good

After thy great mercy, &c.
'

Lord,

:^

Long-Niddry
of

is

situated

in

the

colleotion of

parish

Gladsmuir,

East-Lothian,

knoAvn by the

about four miles fi'om Tranent, near

the shore of the Firth.
* 3

Psalms and Sacred Poems, title of " The Gude and Godly Ballates," may have been the Psalms alluded to and of this collec;

In MS. G, " mirrelie."

tion there still exist one copy at least of

These lines occiu* in a metrical versome of the Psalms, usually, and no doubt correctly, attributed to John Wedderburn, Yicar of Dundee.
sion of

editions printed at Edinburgh,

Ross, in 1578

by John by Robert Smyth, in 1600; and again by Andro Hart, hi 1621.

;

In this collection

is

found the version

Whether there was any printed edition

so early as 1546, cannot be ascertained

of the 51st Psalm, mentioned by as having been siuig

Knox
It

by Wishart.
:

but there was a large impression (1034 copies) of what was called "the Dundee Psalms," printed in Scotland before
1603, in the stock of Robert Smyth,
bookseller in Edinburgh.

extends to 40 vei'ses

the

iii'st

four

may may
i.

serve as a specimen.

The reader

consult Calderwood's History, vol.

(Bannatyne
The

Miscellany, vol.

ii.

pp. 189, 284.)

pp. 141-143, for an interesting account of the family of James Wcdderburn, merchant in Dundee, his eldest

140
Wliicli being' ended,

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

he past to clialmer, and sonar then his

"

commoiin djet was past to bed, with these wourdis,

grant qA\yet rest."
Befoir mydnjcht,

God
The

the place was besett

advertisment.

about that none could eschape to

'^

mack

Erie Both well came and called for the Lard, and declaired the purpose, and said, " that it was but vane to maik him to

hold his house

for the

Governour and the Cardinall with

all

thare power war cuming," (and indead the Cardinall was at

Elj)hinstoun,5 not a
THE LORD
PROJIESSE.
r^j^fi

myle distant frome Ormestoun

;)

" butt

yf

}iQ "wald

dellvcr the

man

to him,
saif,

he wold promeise

uj)Oun his honour, that he should be

and that

it

should
or

pass

the jjower of the Cardinall to do

him any harme

son James, and another son, as well

as Jolm the translator of the Psalms,

Quliat king can tell the multitude.

Lord, of thy greit mercy.

having
their "

distinguished

themselves

by

Sen sinners hes thy celsitude

Resisted cruellie.
Zit

good

gifts of poesie."

Miserere mei Deus.

Psal. 51.

Have mercy on me, God of might. Of mercy Lord and King For thy mercy is set full right Above all eirdly thing. Therefore I cry baith day and night,

na sinner will thou seclude. That this will cry to thee To thy mercie with thee will I go.
:

Patrick

thii'd

Earl of Bothwell suc-

ceeded his father in 1513, when an infant. In 1543, he was Lord of Liddesdale,

And

with

my

hert sail sing

of Hermitage.

and Keeper of the Royal Castle Sir Ralph Sadler, on

To thy mercy with thee

will I go.

the 5th of
"

May

that year, says of liim,

Have mercy on me, (0 gude Lord,)

Efter thy
gi'eit

mercy.

My

suifull life does

me

remord,
:

who, as ye know, hath the rule of Liddersdale, 1 think liim the most vain and insolent
to the Earl of Bothwell,

As

Quhilk sail" hes gi'evit thee Bot thy greit grace hes mee restord.

man
folly,

in

the world, full of pride and

here, I assure you, notliing

and

Throw

at

all
i.

grace, to libertie

esteemed."

(Sadler's

Papers,

To thy mercy with thee

will I go.

At the time of Wishart's apprehension, he was High Sheriff of

vol.

p. 184.)

Et secundum multitudinem.

the county of Haddington.

In Douglas and Wood's Peerage of Scotland, (vol.

i.

Gude Lord

knaw my

wickeilnes,

pp. 227-229,) will be foimd a detailed

liis subsequent fortimes. He probably in exile, September

Contrair to thy command,

account of
died,

Rebelland ay with cruelnes, And led me in ane band

1556.
;

To Sathan, quha
Zit,

is

merciles

Elphingstone ToAver

is

situated in

Lord, heir

me cryand

the parish of Tranent, about two miles

To thy mercy with thee

will I go.

from the village of that name.

154(1.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

141

skaitli."

Allured with these wordis, and tackin counsall with

first

the said Maister George, (who at the the yettis

:

word

said,

"

Open
re-

the blissed will of

my God
self,

be doun,")

tliei

ceaved in the Erie Bothwell him

with some gentilmen

I praise

with him, to

whome

Maister George said, "

my God
me

^.''^

ISTKR

that sa honorable a

man

as ye,

my

Lord, receavis

GEORGE HI.S WOOBIUS TO this TIIK ERLK

nycht, in the presence of these noble

men

for

now, I

am
nott

"'^'r"'^''''-'''

assured, that for your honouris saik, ye will suifcr nothing

to be done unto

me

besydis the ordour of law.

is

am

ignorant, that thaire law

nothing but corrviptioun, and a

;

clock to sched the bloode of the sanctes

but yitt I lesse

fear to dye openlye, then secreatlye to be murthered."

The

said Erie Bothwell ansured, " I shall not onlye presei-ve your

body frome

all violence,

that

slialbe

purposed against yow

without ordour of law, but also I promeisse, hear in the presence of these gentilmen, that neyther shall the Governour

nor Cardinal! have thare will of

yow

;1

but

shall reteane
till

yow

in

my

awin handis, and in

my

awin

place,

that

eyther I shall

mack yow

free, or ellis restoir

yow

in the

same
"

place whare I receave yow."

The Lardis

foirsaid said,

My

Lord, yf ye will

do as ye have spokin, and as

do,

we think
unto

your

Lordship

Avill

then

do we hear
selfis

promesse
shall serve

your Lordschip, that not only we our

all

yow
haill

the dayis of our

lyiff,

but also

we

shall procure the

professouris within

Lotheane to do the same.

And upoun

eyther the preservatioun^ of this our brother, or upoun his

delyverie agane to our handis,
tissed to receave him, that

we being reassonable advcrwe, in the name and behalf of

suffi-

our freindis, shall deliver to your Lordschip, or to any

cient

man, that

shall

deliver to us agane

this

servand of
thus pro-

God, our band of manrent in manor

foirsaid."

As

messe maid in the presence of God, and handis stracked

MS. G,
" over you."
-

In

In

MS. G,

" persuasion."

142

THE HISTORY OF
boitli

Book
tlie

T.

upon

the parties, for obseiTatioun of

premisses,!
tlie

the said Maister George was delivered to the handis of

said Erie Bothwell,
Avho

immediatlye departing with him,

;

came

to Elphinstoun,

whare the Cardinall was

who knowing

that Gaidar yongar and Brunestoun war with the Larde of

Ormestoun, send hack with expeditioun to apprehend tliame

also.

The noyse
war returned

of

horsmen being hard, the servandis gave

then departed, or that war thare bedisput,

advertisment, that
foir,
;

mo

and whill that thei

Thei called
"

what should
and for demanded
thei,

be the motive, the Cardinallis garison had ceased both the

utter

and the inner

close.

for the Larde,

the Larde of Calder,

"

who presenting
to

tliame selves,

what thare commissioun was.

and the Larde of Brunestoun

To bring yow two," say

my

Lord Governour."

Thei

war nothing content, (as thei had no cause,) and yitt thei maid fayr contenance, and entreated the gentilmen to tack a drynk, and to bate thare horse, till that thei mycht j)utt thame selves in redynes to ryd with tliame. In this meantyme, Brunestoun convoyed him self, fyrst secreatlye, and
then by spead of
to Drundallon,2
foote, to

Ormestoun wood, and frome thense

and

so

eschaped that danger.

The other two

war putt

whare the one, to remaned whill his band of manrent to the Gardinall was the meanes of his deliverance, and the
in the Castell of Edinburght,

witt Gaidar youngar,

other, to witt

Ormestoun, fread him

self

by leapping of the
allevin befoir

wall of the Gastell, betuix ten houris

and

none

and

so breakin ward,^

he eschaped preassone, which he

in-

justlye sufFerred.

In MS. G, " promeis."

Januar, the Governour and the Cardior Dwndalof 500 men, past to [some words here omitted ?] and the yong laii-d of Calder they war all brocht and put in the Castell of Edinburgh and the laird of- Ormestoun, and the yong laird of
nail, to the

This

name Drundallon,

nomber

Ion, is not

very distinct in the MS., and

Ormestoun,

no such place is now known. ^ John Cockburn of Ormiston. In the Diurnal of Occurrents, p. 41, it is stated, that " Upoun the xvj day of

1546.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

servancl of God, Maister
;

148

The
first

George Wisharte, was caiyed

to -Edinburgh

thareaftcr browght back, for the fassionis

saik, to the

hous of Hales* agane, which was the principall place that then the Erie Bothwell had in Lotheane. But as

gold and

women have
gold,

corrupted

all

wordlye and fleschlye

men from
nall

the begynning, so did thei him.

For the Gardi-

gave

and that

largelye,

and the Queue, with whome

deliver the

the said Erie was then in the glondouris, promissed favouris

in all his lauchfull suyttis to

wemen, yf he wold
first,

said Maister George to be keap ^ in the Castell of Edinburo-h.

He made some
messe
:

resistance at the

be reassone of his pro"^^'"-'^-

butt ane efFeminat

man

cane nott long withstand

the assaultes of a gratious Quein.

was tane be the
of

And

so

was the

sei-vand

Calder

followand,
callit

Capitane,

.James Hamiltomi

Stanehous." Wishavt's name may have been omitted in tliis paragraph, but it fixes the date of liis apprehension at Ormiston. The following entries occur
in the Treasurer's Accounts,

* Hailes Castle is situated in a secluded spot on the banks of the Tyne, in the parish of Prestonkirk, East Lothian. It belonged at this time to the Earl of Bothwell. The ruins still

shew that

it

on the

lOtli

able extent

must have been of considerand strength, like most

of

March 1545-6,
" Item, to .Jlionne Patersoun, purse-

buildings of the kind intended for a

I^lace of defence.
^

vant letters direct furth of Ediubm-gh to Ormistoun and Haddingtoim, to

In MS. G, " keipit."

The followhag

is

an Act of Council,

summond

the Laii-d of Ormistoun to

obliging BothAvell to deliver to the Go-

underly the law in Eduiburgh the xiij day of Apprile nyxt to cimi, for resetting of Maister George Wischeart, he being And for breking of at the home, etc.
the

vernor the person of George Wishart, on the 19th of January 1545-6, " The quhilk day, in presens of my Lord Goveruour and Lords of Counsel,
Erie Bothuell, and bimdin and oblist him to deliver Maister George AVischart to my Lord Governour, or ony utheris in his behalf, quham he will depute to I'essave him betuix tliis and the penult da}' of Januar instant inclusive, and sal kepe him surelie, and answer for him in the meyn tyme, under all the liiest pane and charge that he may incur, giff lie
lies

burgh, etc.
letter

waird within the Castell of EdinTogydder with ane other

to

comperit Patrick

arreist

the

saiddis

Lairdis

X s." memoriall of the principall Lordis and Baronis namys of Est Louthiane, to summond thame to be in Edinburgh xiij " Aprilis instant, to pass upon the assiss of the Laird of Ormistoun, quho was to thoill law that day for brekkmg of our Soueranc Ladyis waird within the Castell of Edinburgh."
gudis,
etc.,

" Item, (7tli of April,) with ane

falzies herintill."

(llcgist. Concil.

fol.
ii.

25

Epist.

Regum

Scotorum,

vol.

p. 342.)

144
of

THE HISTORY OF
wliare he

Book

I.

God transported to Edinburgli Castell, For that bloody wolfe nott many dayis.

remaned

the Cardinall, ever

thrusting the blood of the servand of God, so travailled with

the abused Governour, that he was content that Goddis ser-

vand should be delivered

so,

to the

power of that tyranne.

And
to

small inversioun being maid, Pilate obeyed the petitioun

of Cayiaphas
crucifeid.

and of

his fellowis,

and adjugeid Christ

to the

be

The servand of God delivered

hande of that

proude and mereyless tyranne, triumphe was maid by the

preastis.

the Governour

The godly lamented, and accused the foolishnes of for, by the reteanyng of the said Maister George, he myclit have caused Protestantis and Papistis,
;

(rather proude Romanistis,) to have served,

the ane to the

end.

That the lyef of

agane,
is

tliare

preachear mycht have bene

saved, the other, For fear that he should have sett

libertie

him

at

to

the confusioun
(as

of the

Bischoppis.

But

where God

left,

he had plainlie renunced him before,)

availl
?

what can counsall or judgement

How

the servand of

God was

entreated,

and what he did

frome the day that he entered within the Sea-tour of Sanctandrose, quhilk was in the end of Januare, in the year of

God Jwhen he

Y"' xl^g, unto the first of Merclii

sufFeiTed,

the same year, except

;

we can

not certanelye^

tell,

we un-

derstand that he wrett somewhat being in preason

but that

was suppressed by the ennemyes.

tyme, but caused
all

Bischoppis, yea,

The Cardinall delayed no all the cleargy that had

any preheminance,

to

be convocat to Sanctandrose against

the penult of Februare, that consultatioun mycht be had in

There seems no I'eason to question although Spotiswood marks Wishart's execution as having taken place on the 2d of March 1546; and Mr. Tytler says the 28th, adopting an evident blunder in the " Diurnal of Occui-rents," where the 28th of March, instead of the 28th of
1

February,

is

given as the day

when

the

the accuracy of these dates

Council was held for Wishart's trial

and condemnation.

His execution took

I

place on the following day.

observe

that at page 6 of the Miscellany of the

Wodrow

Society, I have fallen into the

same mistake. ^ xhis word

is

omitted in MS. G.

1546.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND. mynd was no less mynd of Caiaphas

;

145
resolved then

that questioun, wliicli in bis

Christis death
rest

was

in the

butt that the

should bear the lyek burdein with him, he wold that

thei

should befoir the world subscrive whatsoever he did.i In that day was wrought no less a wonder than was at the accusatioun and death of Jesus Christ, when that Pilate and Herode, who befoir war ennemyes, war maid fi-eindis, by
consenting of tliame
ferris boitli

to

Christis condempnatioun, dif-

nothing, except that Pilate and Herode war brethrene

Devill,

under thare father the

porall,

in

the Estaite called

to speak,

Tem-

and these two, of wliome we ar

war brethren

(sonnes of the same father the Devill) in the Estaite Ecclesiasticall.

Yf we

enterlase
;

merynes with earnest materis,

so notable that
it

pardon

us,

goode Readar

for the fact is

deservith long memorye.

The Cardinall was knowin proude and Dumbare, Archiand yitt, bischope of Glasgw, was knowin a glorious foole
; ;

the proppk
e^rmK)"rs
"^'*^"

becaus sometymes he was called the Kingis Maister,^ he was

Pitscottie mentions, that the Car-

lj^^^

the Fifth.

In the Treasurer's Accounts,

:

dinal having sent to the Governor for

1517, are the following entries

a " comniissioun and ane Judge

nail to give
if

crinii-

"Item,

xvj'"-

Februarij

[1516-17,]
the

the Clergie fand

doom on Maister George, him guiltie ;" the

was persuaded
to

gevin to Maister

Gawin Dimbar,
. .

Governor, upon the remonstrance of

Sh- David Hamilton,

write to the Cardinal " to continue (or

Kingis Maister, to by necessar thingis ix lib. for the Kingis chamer, "Item, (the 28th day of August,) to Maister Gawan Dunbar, the Kimjis
.

postpone) the accusatioun of Maister

Maister, for expensis maid be liim in re-

George Wischart quhyll he and he spoke togidder and if he wold not, his awin blood be upon Ms awin head, for he would not consent that any man sould
;

paraling of the chamer in the qidiilk

tlie

King

leris

now, in the

Castell,

iij

lib."

On

the translation of James Beaton

to the Primacy,
to the

Dunbar was promoted

;

suffer

persecutioxm at that tjrme."

See of Glasgow

and he conliis

(Dalyell's edit., p. 454.)

*

tinned to enjoy the ftivour of his royal

pupil during the whole of
reign,

of Sir John

Gawin Dunbar was a younger son Dxmbar of Mochrun. He

He

held the

office

of Lord Chancellor

pursued his studies at Glasgow. In 1514 he was appointed Dean of Moray. In the following year obtained the Pricry of Whithorn in Galloway and was intrusted with the education of James
;

fi-om

1528 to 1543; and died on the 30th of April 1547. A detailed account

Brunton and is given Haig's Senators of the College of Jusof this Prelate
tice,

pp. 1-5.

VOL.

I.

146

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

Chancelour of Scotland.
year, in the

end of harvest

The Cardinall cumis evin tlius same upoun what hefoir, to Glasgw
;

purpose

we

omitt.l

But whill they remane

togither, the

one

in the toune, the other in the Castell,^

questioun ryses for

bearing of thare croces.

The Cardinall alledgeid, by reassoun of his Cardinallschip, and that he was Legatus Natus, and Primat within Scotland, in the kingdom of Antichrist, that he should have the pre-eminence, and that his croce should
not onlye go befoir, but that also
it

should onlye be borne,

Glaikstour, the foirsaid

wharesoever he was.

Good Gukstoun

Archibischop, lacked no reassonis, as he thowght, for mante-

nance of his glorie

diosey,

He was

ane Archibischope in his awin

and

in his

awin Cathedrall seat and Church, and

tharefor

awght

to give place to no

Cardinall was but begged from

to his
be,

man The power of the Rome, and apperteined but

:

awin persone, and nott to his bischoprik

for
:

it

mj^cht

that his successour should nott be Cardinall

Bot his

dignitie
all

was annexed with his

office,

and did apperteane to

of Glasgw.

that

ever should be Bischoppis

Howsoever
shall hear.

these dowbtis war resolved by the doctouris of divinitie of

boith the Prelattis
;

yitt the decisioun

in,

was as ye

Cuming

furth, (or

going

all is

one,) att the qweir doore

of Glasgw Kirk, begynnes stryving for state betuix the two

croce beraris,
so that

from glowmyng thei come to schoulbuffettis,

dering

frome schouldering, thei go to

neffis

and from

diy blawes, by

and

neftelling

and then

for cheriteis

saik, thei crye, Dispersit, dedit pauperibus,

and

assayis quhilk

of the croces

war fynast

mettall,

which staf was strongast,

his

and which berar could best defend

nence
' ;

maisteris pre-emi-

and that thare should be no

5, to

superioritie in that be-

See note

next page.

The Castle and Episcopal Palace of Glasgow stood a little to the westward The buildof the Cathedral Church. ing, Avith its site and garden, having been vested in the Crown, when Epis2

copacy was abolished, were gi-anted in the year 1791, for the purpose of erecting an Infirmary and the ancient but
;

ruinous building was then removed.

(Caledonia, vol.
iii.

p. 638.)

1546.

THE REFORMATION
to tlio

IN SCOTLAND.
croccs.
;

147

half,

ground gois boytli the

but yitt a meary

And

then hegane

no

litill

fray,

game

for rockettis

war

rent,

typpetis

war torne, crounis war knapped,! and syd gounis mycht have bene sein wantonly wag from the one wall to Many of thame lacked beardis, and that was the the other
:

more

pitie

and tharefore could not bukkill other by the

byrse, as^ bold

men wold

half doune.
;

Butt fy on the jack-

men

that did nott tliare dewitie

for

had the one parte of

all

thame reacontered the

the sanctuarye,

other, then

had

gone rycht.

But

we

suppose, saved the lyves of many.

it

How
;

mearelye^ that ever this be writtin,

the Cardinall and his courte.
yea,
it

was

bitter

bowrding^ to
irregularitie

It

was more then

mycht weall have bene judged

lease majestie to the

;

sone of perdition, the Papes awin persone

in his foly, as proud as a packoke,

and
lett

yitt the other

wold

the Cardinall

know
befoir
tal],

that he

was a Bischop when the other was butt Betoun,

This inemitie was judged mor-

he gat Abirbrothok.^
all

and without

hope of reconsiliatioun.
liappinned ane suddane discord within
the Kirk of Glasgw, betuix the Cai-dinail

>

In MS. G, " knypsed." In MS. G, " as

* * * *

sum bold men."

mirth."

In Vautr.
In Vautr.

edit. " mevilie." edit. " bitter

and Bischoppe of Glasgw, for thair preheminence of the bering of the Cardinallis crosse witliin that Kh-k, quliair

This ludicrous but unbecoming con-

seems to have taken place on the 4th of Jime 1545, when Mons. Lorge de Montgomery arrived fi-om France with auxiliary troops " Upon the same day, the Bischope of Glasgow pleit with the Cardinall about the bering of his croce in
test
:

boith the Archebischoppes crosses

was

brokin, and diverse of thair gen till

men

and servandis wes hurt." (Hist. p. Cornelius Le Brun, a Dutch 178.)

traveller,

describes

a similar contest

which took place, whilst he was at

his dyocie,

and boith thair

croceis

war

Rome

diu'ing the Jubilee of 1675, bc-

brokin, in the Kirk of Glasgow, through

thair stryving for the samin."

(Dim*-

nal of Occurrents, p. 39.)

ley mentions
it

Bishop Les-

as havmg occurred at an when the Patriarch of Venice, who was sent by the Pope, first came to Glasgow, when " the Cardinall
earlier period,

and the principall Bisclioppes come thair and ressaved him Avith gi'et honour.
Bot in the meintymc, (he adds,) thair

tween two processions meeting first in a narrow street, near Monte Cavallo, antl afterwards in the Church of St. John, in Laterano, in which several persons were killed, to the great scandal of reBut the Italians, he says, " fnii ligion. sont plaisans de Icur naturel ct cncliuc a la raillerie se mocquoient furicuscmcnt de cette avanture." (Voyage on

Levant, p.

6.

Delfit,

1700,

fdlio.)

148

THE HISTORY OF
tlie
all

Book

I.

Butt

blood of the innocent servand of

that braggine
first

God buryed

in

oblivioun
of

and
unto

boast.

For the Archibischope

the Cardinall wraitt,

Glasgw was the

whome

signifeing unto

him what was

done, and earnestly craving

of him, that he wold assist with his presence

and

counsall,

how

that

such ane ennemye unto thare estaite mycht be

suppressed.

And

thareto was nott the other slow, but keapt

satt nixt

tyme appointed,
scrivit first in

to

the Cardinall, voted and sub-

the ranch, and lay ower the East blokhouse^

till

with the said Cardinall,

the Martyre of
note,

God was
all

conthei

sumed by

fyre.

For

this

we man

that as

beastis consented in harte to the slawchter of that innocent,

so did thei approve
it

with thare presence, having the hole

ordinance of the Castell of Sanctandrose bent towardis the

place of executioun, which was ney to the said Castell, reddy
to

have schote yf any wold have maid defence, or reskew to

Goddis servand.

lowis, as

The manor of his Accusatioun, Process, and Ansueris folwe have receaved the same frome the Book of the Martyi-es,2 which, woord by woord, we have hear inserted, and
that becaus the said book, for the great price thairof,
to
is

rare

be had.
Tliis,

according to tradition, was

London, by John Daye, in 1564, in a

large voliune in
in 1570,
folio.

the Eastern tower or corner, and the

It

was " newly

place of Wishart's execution

opposite, at the foot

was nearly of what is called

recognized and enlarged by the Author,"

when he incorporated a num-

Spotiswood says, " A scaffold in the meantime erectmg on the east part of the Castle towards the Abbey, with a great tree in the middest,
Castle

Wynd.

ber of passages relating to Martyi's in Scotland, which he gives on this authority,

"

Ex

Scripto Testimonio Scotorum."

In

many

places of these additions, the

manner of a gibbet, into which the prisoner was to be tied. The fore tower was hanged with tapestry, and rich cushions laid for ease of the Cardinal and Prelates, who were to bein
.

details are

more minute than the

in
is

cor-

responding passages
tory
sibly
;

Knox's His-

yet there

such a coincidence

in the information, that

Foxe may pos-

hold that spectacle."

^

(History,
2,

p. 81.)

page 14, " The Actes and Monumentes of Martyrs," by John Foxe, was originally prmted at

As

stated in note

have been indebted for some of them to the Scotish Reformer. The accoiint of Wishart, however, is copied from a printed book see notes to pp.
:

151, 171.

1546.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

149

[The Condemnation of M. George Wischeart, Gentleman, WHO suffered Martyrdome for the Faytu of Christ
Jesus, at

Marche

Saint Andrewes in Scotland, anno 1546, with the Articles objected against him,

and his Answeres to the same.i

With moste

tender affection and unfayned hart consider,

(gentle Reader,) the uncharitable

maner of the Accusation

of

Maister George Wischart,

Christes fayth.
cused,
as

made by the bloudye enemies

and
his

of

Note

also the Articles

whereof he was acso farre

by order

digested,

meeke answeares,
and

he had leave and leysure to speake.

spirite the furious rage,

Finally, ponder with

tragicall cruelnes

no dissemblyng

of the malignant Churche, in persecutyng of this blessed

man
not

of

God

and, of the contraiye, his humble, pacient, and most

godly answeares,

made

to

them sodaynely without

al feare,

having respect to their glorious manasinges and boysterous

threates,

but charitably and without stop answearing

not

moA^'ng his countenance, nor changing his visage, as in his

Accusation hereafter folowyng manifestly shal appeare.]

Upone the
the

last

of Februare,

was

send to the preason,

lay, the Deane of the toune, by commandiment of the Cardinall and his wicked counsall, and thai summoned the said Maister George, that he should upoun the morne following appeir befoir the Judge, then and thare to give accompt of his seditious and hereticall doctrine. To whome the said Maister George ansuercd, " Wliat needith,

quhare the sei-vand of God

(said he,)

my
I

Lord Cardinall
oppinlic
befoir

to

summound me

to ansuere for

my

doctrine

him, under whose

power and

dominioun

Lord
1

am thus straitlie bound in irnos. May not my Or becompell me to ansuer to his extortc jDOwer
?

The

title

of the Accusation and the

introductory paragraph, arc not con-

from Foxc,

tained in Knox's MS., but arc supplied edit. 1576.

150
levitli
lie
?

THE HISTORY OF
that I

Book

I.

doctrine

am unprovyded to rander accompt of my To manifest your selves what men ye ar, it is

and
constitu-

weall done that ye keapt your old ceremonyes

tionis

maid by men."
nixt morne,

Upoun the

my

Lord Cardinall caused his

ser-

vandis to address

thame

selves in thare
speir,

most warlyk array,

with jack, knapscall, splent,

for the war,

and axe, more semyng

then for the preaching of the trew word of God.

And when

these armed campionis, marching in warlyk ordour,

had conveyed the Bischoppis unto the Abbay Church, incontinentlye thei
sent for Maister

George,

who was conveyed

in

unto the said churche by the Capitane of the Castell, and the

lyik a

nomber of ane hundreth men, addressed lambe led thei him to sacrifice.

manor

foirsaid,

As he entered

in

at the

Abbay Church

doorc,

there was a poore

vexed with great

infirmities,

asking of his

man lyingalmouse, to whome

he flang his pm'se.

And when

he came befoir the Cardinall,

by and by the Suppriour of the Abbay, called Dene Johne Wynreme,! stoode up in the pulpete, and maid a sennon to
all

the congregatioun there then assembled, taking his mater

xiij

out of the

chaptour of Matthew

whose sermon was deFirst was, a schorte

vided into four principall partes.

The

and breaf declaratioun of the Evangelist.

the interpretatioun of the good seid the
;

The Secound,

of

and becaus he

called

Word

of

God
it

the

Good

seid,

and Heresye the

it

Evill seid,

he declaired what Heresye wes, and how

should be knowin.
is

He

defyned

on this manor

"

Heresye

fals oj)inioun,

defended with pertinacie, cleirlye repugning to the word of

Dean
Jolin

Wjoirame was born

occiu's

in

Nov. 1537,
Fac.
Sup''

lie is

styled in the " Regist.

1492, and educated at St. Andi-ews.

1

In

515, his

name

among

the Deter-

Dominus Job. Wjairame, Sancti Andrce Ccenobii. His name

Art.,"
occiu's

minants

in St. Salvator's College.

The

often

in

Knox, in Knox,
vol.
i.

connexion
See
p.

date of liis appointment as Sub-Prior of

the Monastery of St.

with transactions of a later date.

JM'Crie's Life of
i.

been ascertained.

Andrews has not But on the 10th of

424

Bannatyne

IMiscellany, vol.

p.

241.

1546.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

The Third parte

151

God."

of his sermoun was, the caus of Hereall other realmes. "The caus the ignorance of thame which have

sye within that realme, and

of Heresie, (quod he,)
is

the cure of menis saules, to

to

whome

it

necessarelie belong-eth

have the trew understanding of the word of God, that thei may be able to wyn agane the fals doctouris of heresyes,
with the sword of the Spreat, which
not only to wyne agane,
Paule,
'

is

the word of

God
as

and

bot

also

to

owircum

saithi

A bischope

most be

faltles,

as becumith the minister

of God, not stubburne, not angrie, no drunkard, no feghtar,

not gevin to filthy lucre

but harberous,

one that loveth

goodnes, sober mynded, rychteous, holy, temperat, and such

as cleaveth unto the trew

word of the

doctrine, that

he

may
of

be able to exhorte with holsome learning, and to improve

that which thei
his

say against him.'"

The Fourte parte

sermon was, how Heresyes should be knowin.

(quod he) be knawin on this manor
:

" Here-

syes

As

the gold-

smyth knowitli the fyne gold frome the

towch
stone, so lyikwyise

unperfite,

by the

may we know
is,

heresye by the un-

dowbted towch
should be putt

stone, that

the trew, syncere, and undelast,

fyled worde of God."

At
in

the

he added, " That heretikis

down

this

present lyef:

To the which
:
'

propositioun the Gospell appeired to repunge whilk he entreated

of,
'

Lett thame boith grow unto the harvist

;

The

harvest

is

the end of the world

nevertheles, he affirmed, that

Civile Magistrat

thei should be putt

down by the

and law."

And when

he ended his Sermone, incontinent thei caused

liis

Maister George to ascend into the pulpet, there to heir

Accusatioun and Articles

for

rycht against

him

stood up
full

one of the fedd

'

flok,

a monstere,^ Johnne Lawder, ladin

copied fi-om Foxe, or rather from
black-letter tract, printed

In

MS. G,

" as sayis the Apostle

tlie

Paull."
2

by John Dayc,
i.

It will

be observed that

all

these

of -which Dr. :M'Cric

lion in his Life of

lias

given a descripvol. p. 382.

oppvobrious terms applied to Lauder are

Knox,

152

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

of ciirsingis, writtin in paper, of the wliicli he took out a

roll

boyth long and also

full

of

cursingis,!

threat nynges,

maledictionis,

and wordis of

devillesh spyte

and malice, saycruell

ing to the innocent Maister George so

many

and ab-

hominahle wordis, and hit him

so spytfuUie

with the Popis

thunder, that the ignorant people dreded least the earth then

wold have swallowed him up qwick.

stood
still

Nochtwythstanding, he

with great patience hearing thare sayingis, not ones

his countenance.
all

moving or changeing

When

that this fedd

sow had red throwghout

ane baj^e,
ansuerist
lie^ spate at

his

lying minasingis, his face

at the

runnyng doune with sweat, and frothing

mouth

lyik

Maister George his face, saying, "Wliat

thow

to these sayingis,

thow runnigat,
sufficient
this,

tratour, theef,

which we have dewlye proved by

thee."

witnes against

Maister George hearing

satt

doune upoun his

Wlien he

kneis in the pulpete,

making

his prayer to God.

had ended
to

his prayer, sweitlye

and Christianelie he answered

thame

all

in this manor.

1 In MS. G, the words 'i writtin," &c., to " ciu'singis," are omitted. 2

in fynance v [500] ft-ankis, price of ilk frank xs. vj d., Scottis money, 262, 10s.

Mr. John Lauder, who acted as

" Item,
parting, to
necessaris,

gevin

public accuser or prosecutor on other

occasions, as well as this of AVishart,

to him at his deby him horss and uther

40.
litill schi}),

was educated at St. Andi-ews. His name occurs among the Licentiates " in Pedagogio," in the year 1508.

" Item, to Robene Bertoun, for the

fraucht of ane
deres,

in the quhilk

In a Decree

the said Maister Johne past in Flan-

Arbitral, dated at St. Andrews, 16th

25.

October 1518, he thus designates himself: "Ego Johannes Laudee, artium

magister, clericus Sancti Anch-ens diocesis, pviblicus sacris

" Item, di'esses to his &c.

twa servandis,"
to

Again, ia 1534,

" Item, to Maister

Johne Lauder,

Apostohca

et

Lu-

performeis certaine the Kingis Grace's

erandis in Rome,
J""

periali

auctoritatibus notarius,

ac

m
the

officio Scriptoris archivii

Romane

Curie

[1000] frankis, Summa, 525."

matriculatus ac descriptus."

(Rental
From

In July 1541,
" Item, to Maister

Book

of St. Andrews, 1550.)

Johnne Lauder,

Treasm-er's Accounts
tical negotiations.

we

find that he

for his [laubours] in writing of directionis

was frequently employed in EcclesiasThus in 1533,

" Item, to Maister Johne Lauder, to

to

the Coui'te of

[Rome

?]

for

pass to

Rome in the Kingis erandis, maid

promotioun of the Abbayis of Coldinghame, [Kelso, and] Melros, to the Kingis Grace sonis."'

1546.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

153

Maister George his Oratioun.

"Many and
many
it

horrible sayingis unto me, a Cliristiane

man,

wordis abliominable for to hear, ye half sjjokin heir

this day,

which not only to teach, but

me, that ye

also to think, I thowo-ht

ever great abhominatioun,

Wliarefore, I pray your discre-

tionis quietlie to hear

may know what war my

This

sayingis,

and the manor of

my

doctrin.

my
:

petitioun,

my
is,

Lordis, I desyi-e to be heard for three causes

The

First
is

Becaus throw preaching of the word of God, his glorie

:

maid manifest

it

is

ressonabill tharefoir, for the avanceing

of the glorie of God, that ye heare

me

teaching treulye the

pure and syncere worde of God, without any dissimulatioun.

The Second reassone

war
earis

is,

Becaus that your helth springeth of

all

the worde of God, for he workith

thing by his word

it

tharefoir ane uniychteous thing, yf ye should stope your

from
is,

me

teiching trewlye the

word of God.

The Thrid

reason

Becaus your doctrine speaketh furth

many

pesti-

lentious,! blasphemous,

and abliominable
It
is

wordis, not
devill,

cuming
less

by the inspiratioun of God, hot of the

pearrell

on 2 no

then

my

lyif:

just tharefoir,

and

ressonable,
are,

your discreationis to know what

and what
Wliarfoir,

have ever tawght in

for the glorie

my wordis and doctrine my tyme in this realme,

that

I perish not injustlye,

to the great perrell of your soulles.

boyth

and honour of God, your awin

beseik your discretionis to
recyte
sail

health,

and savegard of

my

lyef, I

hear me, and in the meantyme I

out any cullour.
First,

my

doctrin with-

and

cheiflie, since

the tyme I came into this realme,

tawght nothing but the Ten Commandimentis of God, the

Ai-ticlcs of

Twelf

the Fayth, and the Prayer of the Lord, in

Moirovir, in

the mother toung.

>

Dundy,
^

I tawcht the Epistill

In Foxe, " your doctrine uttereth

&c.

In Foxc, " with."

many blasphemous,"

154
of Sanct Paule to
tlie

THE HISTORY OF
Romanes
;

Book

I.

and

I shall scliaw

your

dis-

cretionis faytlifullie wliat fassion

and manor

I used

when

tawcht, without any

give

humane

dread, so that your discretionis

me

your earis benevolent and attent/'

voce,T^

Suddanlie then, with ane heycht

the fed sow, "
it

cryed the Accusare,

Thow

heretike, runnigate, tratour,

and

theif,

was not
at

lauchfiAll for

thee to preach.

Thow

hes tackin the

power
long."

thyne awin hand, without any autoritie of the

Church.

We
Then
he

forthink

that

thow

lies

bene a preachar so

said all the hole congregatioun of the Prelattis,

with thare complices, these woordis, "

to preach,
cised, that
is

Yf we

give

him

licience

so craftie,

and

in

Holy Scriptures

so exer-

he will perswaid the people to his

us."

oj)inioun,

and

rase

them against

Maister George, seing thare maliciouse and wicked intent,

appealed [from the Lord Cardinall to the Lord Grovernour,

as2] to

ane indifferent and equall judge.^

To whome the
this

Accusare, Johne Lauder foirsaid, with hoggish voce answered,

" Is not

my

Lord Cardinall the secund persone within

realme, Chancellar of Scotland, Archibischope of Sanctandross,

Bischope of Meropose, Commendatour of Abirbrothok, Legatus

Natus, Legatus a Latere
?"

And

so reciting as

many

titilles

of his unworthy honouris^ as wold have lodin a schip,

much

sonare ane asse

equall judge

" Is not he,

(quod Johnne Lauder,) ane

?

apparantlye to thee
?"

Whome

other desyrest

thow

to be thy judge
this

humble man answered, saying, " I refuise not my Lord Cardinall, but I desyre the word of God to be my judge, and the Temporall Estate, with some of your Lord-

To whome

schij)pis

myne

auditoures

becaus I

am

hear

my

Lord Gover-

'

In Foxe, " high voyce."

necessary for the context, and are supplied

^ *

"

The words inclosed

copies,

in brackets, are
all

omitted in Knox's MS., and in

the

See note

subsequent
Vautr.
edit.,

&c.

such as MS. G. They are howcTcr

from Foxe. 1, page 145. See a subsequent note respecting

Cardinal Beaton.

1546.

THE REFORMATION
Wliareupone

IN SCOTLAND.
tlie

155
scornefull

nouris pvcsonar."

pridefiill

and

people that stood hy,

mocked him,

saying, " Suchc

man, such

judge," speaking seditious and rej)rochfull wordis aganis the

Governour, and other the Nobles, meanyng thame also to be

Heretykis.

And

incontinent, without all

dela}^,

thei Avoid

have gevin sentence upoun Maister George, and that without

farther process,

had not certane men thare counselled

my

tiord Cardinall to reid agane the Articles, and to heir his

ansueris thareupoun, that the people

mycht nott complaine

war the Articles
follow-

of his A\Tongfull condemnatioun.

And
ing,

schortlie for to declair, these

with his Ansueris, as far

;

as thei wold give him leave to

to mitigate thare lesingis,

speak

for

when he intended
Article.

and

schaw the manor of his doctrine, by and by thei stoped his

mouth with ane other

The First Article.

Thow

fals

Heretyk, runiagate, tratour, and

theif,

deceavar

of the people, dispysest the holy Churches, and in lyik case

contemnest

my

Lord Governouris

authoritie.

And

this

we

know

for suyi-tie, that

when thow preached

not
obey,

in

Dundye, and
desist,

was charged be
same.

my

Lord Governouris authoritie to

nevertheles thow woldest

but persevered in the

And

tharefoir the Bischope of Brechin curssed tliee,i

and delivered thee

in

into the

Devillis handis,

and gave thee

:

commandiment

that thow souldest preach no more

Yitt

nochtwythstanding, thow didest continew obstinatlye.

The Ansuer.

My
>

Lordis, I have red in the Actes of the Apostles, that

a charge of
the

(.John Heppage 37) hearing that George Wishart taught the Greek New Testamcnt in the School of Montrose, sum-

The Bishop of Brechin

nioncd him to appear

heresy, upon

oti

bin-n, see

whicli Wi.shart fled

Icingdom.

Tliis

was

in tlic

year 1538.

See Appendix, No. IX.

156
it

THE HISTORY OF
not lauchfall, for
tlie

Book

I.

is

threattis

and minacinges of men,

Tharefoir
it

to desist from the preaching of tlie Evangell.i

is

writtin,

"

We

shall rather

obey God then men."

:"

I have
bliss-

also red [in] the Proj)lieit Malachie, " I shall curse

your

inges,

and

bliss

your cursingis, sayeis the Lord

beleving

firmelie, that

he wold turne your

cui'singis into blissinges.

The Secund Article.

Thow
Julie.

fals

Heretike did say, that a preast standing at the

Masse,

altare saying

was lyik a fox wagging his

taill

in

The

Ajstsuee.

The moving of the body outward, without the inward moving of the harte, is nocht ellis bott the playing of ane ape, and nott for God is a secreit searchare of the trew serving of God menis hartes Tharefoir, who will trewlye adorne and honour God, he must in spreit and veritie honour him. Then the Accusatour stopped his mouth with ane other
Lordis, I said not
so.

My

These war

my

sayinges

Article.

The Theid Article.

Thow

fals

Heretik preachest aganis the Sacramentis, saying,

That thare ar not Sevin Sacramentis.

The Answer.

My

Lordis, if

it 2

be your pleasuris, I tawght never of the

nomber
ellevin.

of the Sacramentis, whither thei

war

sevin,

or ane

So many as ar instituted by Christ, and ar schawin

professe opinlie.

to us

by the Evangell, I
I

Except

it

be the

word of God,
'

dar affirme nothing.

" Gos-

In Foxe, and Vautr.

edit.,

'

In Knox's MS., and A'autr.

edit.,

pell."

"it is."

1546.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

The Fourte Article.

Ifj?

Thow
that

fals

Confessioun

is

Heretike hes oppinlio tawglit, that Auriculare not a blessed Sacrament and thow sayest,
;

we should

only confess us to God, and to no preast.

The Answer.

My
it

Lordis, I say, that Auriculare Confessioun, seing that

it

hath no promeis of the Evang-ell,i tharefoir

can not be a
sayeth, " I

Sacrament.

Of the Confessioun
;

to be

maid

to God, thare ar

many

testimonyes in Scrij)ture
I
;

as

when David

thowght that
unto the Lord
Heir,

wold knowledge

my

iniquitie against

my

self

and he forgave the trespasses 2 of

signifieth
:

my

svnnes."

Confessioun

the secreat knowledge of our

I

synnes befoir

God

when

exhorted the people on this

maner, I reproved no maner of Confessioun.

And

farther,

Sanct James sayith, "Knowledge your synnes^ one to ane

uther,

and

so lett

yow

to have j)eace

amonge your

selfes."

Heir the Apostle meaneth nothing of Auriculare Confessioun,

but that we should acknawledge and confesse our
selfis to

be

synneris befoir our brethrene, and befoir the world, and not
to esteame our selfis as the
selfis

Gray

Freiris dois, thinking

thame

allreddy purgeid.*

When
ing, "

that he had said these wordis, the horned Bischopis

comj)lices cryed,

and thare

and gimed^ with thare

to his opinioun."

teith, say-

Sec ye not what colouris he hath in his

speicli,

that he

may
*

begile us,

and seduce us
edit.,

In Foxe, and Vautr.

In Foxe, " punishment
"trespasse."

" Gos-

The whole of this sentence,

edit.

after the
is

pell."
*

quotation from the Epistle of James,

;"

in Vautr.

omitted in Foxe,

1570.

It

may

edit,
8

Foxe gives the pas.sage as follows " I^owledge your faultes one to an other, and praye one for an other, that you may be healed."
:

have been an explanatory remark by Knox. ^ ju pg^g^ "grynned;" and the word
" horned" before " Bischopis,"
ted.
is

omit-

In Vautr.

edit,

"gyrned."

158

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

The Fyft Article.

to

Thow Heretike didest say openlye, that it was necessarie everie man to know and understand his Baptisme, and
it

that

was contrarie

to General! Counsallis,

and the Estaites

of Holy Churche.

The Answer.

My
will

Lordis, I beleve thare he

none so unwyse hear, that

the

mak

merchandise with ane Frenche man, or any other

stranger, except

unknawin

he know and understand

first

conditioun or pronieise maid by the French

man

or stranger.

So lyikA\yse

wold that we imderstood what thing we pro-

meis in the name of the infante unto

this caus, I beleve,

God

in Baptisme

For

ye have Confirmatioun.

Then

said Maister Bleiter,! chaplen, that he

had the Devill

within him, and the spreit of errour.

cheild,2 saying,

Then answered him a

"

The

Devill cane not speik such wordis as

yonder

man

doith speik."

The Saxt Article.

Thow
upon the

fals

Heretike, tratour, and theif, thow saidest that

the Sacrament of the Altare was but a pece of bread, backin

asches,
is

and no other thing

elles

and

all

that

is

thare done,

but a superstitious ryte aganis the commandi-

ment

of God.

The Answer.

Oh Lord God
'

so manifest lyes

and blasphemyes the Scrip-

In Vautr.

edit.

" Bleitter Chaplin ;"

Pitscottie

who

and in MS. G, " Blecter."

has " Blaitter
of reproach,

introduces Wishart's Accusation, but somewhat condensed, in this place

:" it may be only a term and not the name of a

makes
say so
:

it,

"

Than answered ane yong

'

scoUer boy,

It is

a devillish
dois.'

taill to

person.
'

for the Devill can not

move a

In Vautr.

edit.

" child."

Pitscottie,

man

to speik as

yon man

1546.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

159

ture doitli not so teacli yow.

of
tlie

As concernyng
shall,

the Sacrament

Altare,

(my

Lordis,) I never

tawght any thing against

(by Goddis grace,)
male

the Scripture, the which I

manifest this day, I being ready tharefore to suffer death.

The

lauchfull use of the

Sacrament
it is

is

most acceptable unto

God

but the great abuse of

verray detestable unto him.

I to

But what occasioun thei have to say such wordis of me, I once chanced sail schortlie schaw your Lordschippes.
meitt with a Jew,

when

was

sailling

upoun the watter

of

Rhene.l
tinacie,

I did inqueir of him,

what was the cans of

all

his per-

that he did not

beleve that the trew Messias was

come,

considering

that thei had sene

the prophecyes,
:

which war spoking of him, to be

fulfilled

moreover, the

prophecyes tackin away, and the Scepter of Juda.

otlier

By many

testimonyes of the Scriptour, I vanquest him, and ap"

proved that Messias was come, the which thei called Jesus
of Nazareth.

This

Jew answered agane unto me,

all

When
not

Messias cumith, he shall restore

thingis,

and he

sail

abrogate the Law, which was gevin to our fatheris, as ye do.

For why

we

see the poore almost jjerish throw

hunger amang
;

yow, yitt yow ar nott moved with pitie towardis thame

butt

among
found.

us Jewes, thowght

we be

puir, tliare ar

no beggares
to faine

Secundarly, It

is

forbiddin

by the Law,
but one

any
to

kynd

of imagrie of thingis in heavin above, or in the erth

;

beneth, or in the sey under the erth

God only
full

honour

but your sanctuaries and churches ar

of idolles.

Thridly,

peice of braid backin upone the aschis, ye adore

and
liear

wirschip,

and

say, that it is

your God."

have rehersed

but the sayingis of the Jew,^ which I never affirmed to

be trew.
1

Sailing on the Rliiiie.

tliis visit

It

may have

after Wishart's death, about the year

Germany, and probably Switzerland, that Wishart embeen dui-ing

to

first time,

1548, and has been reprinted, for tlie in the " Miscellany of the
Society," Vol.
I.

ployed himself in translating the first Confession of Faith of the Helvetian

Chui'ches.
Tliis

Wodrow
-

pp. 1-23.

Confession was prmted

In the MS. "Jew," and "Jewes," are written " Jow," and " Jowes."

160

THE HISTORY OP

Book

I.

Then the Bischoppis schooke thare heaclis, and spitted into the earth And what he ment in this mater farther, thei wold
:

nott heare.i

The Sevint Article.

Thow

fals

Heretike did say, that Extreme Unctioun was

not a Sacrament.

The Answer.

My

Lord, forsuyth, I never tawght any thing of Extreme

Unctioun in

my

doctrine, whetther

it

war a Sacrament or

no.

The Eyght Article.

Thow
ing,

fals

Heretike saidest that the Holy Watter

is

no sa

good as wasche, and suche lyik.

Thow contempnest

Conjur-

and

sayest, that

Holy Churches cursing

availled nott.

The Answere.

My
yf thei
thame.

Lordis,

tawght never in

Holy Watter, what strenth it is of, I Conjuringes and Exorzismes, war conformable to the word of God, I wold commend
as for

my

doctrine.

But

in so far as thei ar not confomieable to the

com-

mandiment and worde

of God, I reprove thame.

The Nynt Article.

Thow Layman

fals
is

Heretike and runnagate hast

a Preast
;

said,

that everie that the

and such lyik thow

sayest,

Pope hath no more jjower then any other man.

The Answers.

My
^

Lordis,

tawght nothing but the worde of God.

of page 130.
in

tence

The concluding words of this senfrom " earth And " &c., are omitted in the printing, by Vautroul:

A shnilar omission occurs

A, and

MSS.

I,

The two

latter

keeping out the words "and spitted

into the."

lier,

at the foot of page 129, or the top

lo4G.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

I

IGl

remembev that
and Sanct

have red

in

some places

in

Sanct Johnne

Petir, of the
;"

which one sayeth,

:"

"

us kingis and preastis

the other sayeth, "

He He

made hath made

liath

us the kinglye preasthode

Wharefoir, I have affirmed, any

man

being cuning and perfite in the word of God, and the

trew faith of Jesus Christ, to have his power gevin him frome God, and not by the power or violence of men, but by the
vertew of the word of God, the which word
is

called

the

power of God, as witnesseth Sanct Paule evidentlie ynewgh.

And

agane, I say, any unlearned man, and not exercised in

the woord of God, nor yit constant in his faith, whatsoever

cstaite or order
loose,

he be of

I say,

he hath no power to bynd or

seing he

wanteth the instrument by the which he

is

bindeth or looseth, that

to say, the

word of God.
all

After that he had said these wordis,

the Bischoppes

lawghed,
lawghing,
that these
risioun

and mocked him.

"

When
he,)

that he beheld thare

Lawgh
your

ye,

(sayeth

my

Lordis

Thowght
ar verray

my

sayingis appeir scornefull

and worthy of dethei

to

Lordschippis,

nevertheless
;

weightye to me, and of a .great valow

stand not only upon
of God."

becaus that thei

my

lyif,

bot also the honour and glorie

In the meantyme many godly men, beholding the wodness and great crueltie of the Bischoppis, and the invincible patience of the said Maister George, did greatlie

mourne

and lament.

The Tent Article.

Thow
but
will
is

fals

Heretike

saidst, that

man hath no
That
be of
it is

Free Will

lyik to the Stoickis, which say.

nott in man's

to

do any thing, but that

all

concupiscence and desyrc

it

cumith of God, of whatsoever kynd

The Answer.

My
VOL.

Lordis, I said nott so, trewlie

1.

1 say,

that as

many

as

162

THE HISTORY OF
is

Book
gevin
libertie,

I.

beleve in Christ firmelie, unto tliame

fornicable to

con-

the saying of Sanct Johnne, " If the Sone

mak

yow free, then shall ye verelie be free/' Of the contrarie, as many as beleve not in Christ Jesus, thei ar bound servandis
of synne
:

"

He

that synneth

is

bound

to synne."

The Ellevint Article.

Thow

fals

Heretike sayest, It

is

as ^awfull to eitt flesche

upoun Fryday, as on Sonday.

The Answere.
Pleasith
it

your Lordschippis, I have redd in the Epistles of

is

Sanct Paule, " That who

cleane."

cleane, unto tliame all thingis is

Of the

contrarie, "

To the

filthie

men,

all

thingis ar

uncleane."

faithfiill

man, cleane and holy,

sanctifieth

by

the worde the creature of

God
:

but the creature maketh no

man
tifie

acceptable unto

God

so that a creature

may

not sanc-

any impure and

all

unfaithfull

man.

But

to the faythftill

man,
God.

thingis ar sanctifeid,

by the prayer of the worde of

After these sayingis of Maister George, then said all the Bischoppes, with thare complices, " Quhat nedeth us any witnesse against

him

hath he nott oppinlie hear spokin blas-

phemie

V
The Twelth Article.

Tliow

fals

Heretike doest say, That we should nott pray to

Sanctes, butt to
or no
:

God

onlye

Say whetther thow hast said

this

say schortlye.

The Answer.
For the weaknes and the infirmitie of the heararis, (he
nor
upone.
said,)

without doubt plainelie, that Sanctis should not be honored

incalled

My

Lordis,

(said

he,)

thare

ar tAvo

1546.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

worthy of note
It
is
:

163

thingis

the one

is

certane,

and the other

uncertane.

found plainlie and certane in Scriptures,

that

we should

wirschijie
first

the saying of the

schip

and honour one God, according to Commandiment, " Thow sail onlie wirall

and honour thy Lord God with

thy harte."
is

But as

for praying to

and honoring of Sanctes, thare

all

great dowbt

amang many, whether

thame.
,

thei hear or no invocatioun

maid unto

Tharefoir, I exhorted

men

equallye in

my

doc-

trine, that thei

should laif the unsure way, and follow the

us by our Maister Christ

way which was taught

He
us to

is

onlye our Mediatour, and maketh intercessioun for

his

God
is

Father

He He

the doore, by which

we must
by

enter in

that entereth not in

is

this doore,
:

but clymeth ane

other way,

a theif and a murtherare

He He
all

is

the Veritie and Lyef

is

that goeth out of this way, thare

no dowbt but he
is

shall fall into the

myre
is

yea, verrelye, he

fallin in to it

readdy.

This

the fassioun of

my

doctrine, the

which I

have ever followed.

Verrelie that which I have heard and

redd in the woorde of God, I taught opinelye and in no cornerris, and now ye shall witness the same, yf your Lordschippis will hear
I dar nott

me

Except

it

stand by the worde of God,

be so bold to affirme any thing.

These sayingis

he rehersed diverse tymes.

The

XIII Article.

Thow
thare
is

fals

Heretike hes preached plainelie, saying, That

it

no Purgatorie, and that

is

a fayned thing, any

man,

after this lyfe, to be punished in Purgatorie.

The Answere.

My

Lordis,

as I haif oftentymes

said

heirtofoir,

without

expresse witnes and

testimonye of Scripture, I dar affirme

104
nothing.
I

THE HISTORY OF
have
oft

Book

T.

and divers tymes redd ower the

Tharefore, I was

Bible,

and

yitt

such a terme fand I never, nor yet any place of

applicable thairunto.
of that
thing,

Scripture

eschamed
fynd in

ever to teach
Scrij)ture.

which

could nott

Then said he to Maister Johnne Lauder, his accusare, " Yf yow have any testimonye of the Scripture, by the which ye may prove any such place, schew it now befoir this auditoure/'l But that dolt had not a worde to say for him self,
but was as

doume

as a bitle^ in that mater.

The

xiiii Article.

Thow

fals

Heretyke hast taught

plainelie against the vowis

of Monkis, Freiris, Nonnes,

and

Preastis, saying,

That whoselves

soever was

bound

to such lyik vowis, thei

:

vowed thame
it

to the estate of

damnatioun

Moreover, that

was lauchfull

for Preastis to marj'-e wyffis,

and not

to leve sole.

The Answer.
Of
suth,

my

Lordis, I have redd in the Evangell, that thare

ar three

kynd

of chast
;

men

motheris

wombe

some ar gelded by men

for the

some ar gelded frome thare and some have

;

gelded thame

selfis

kingdome of heavinis

saik

ver-

relye, I say, these

men

ar blessed by the Scripture of God.

Chastitie, nor yitt for

But as many as have nott the gyft of

the Evangell have nott owercome the concupiscence of the

flesche,

and have vowed

I suld

chastitie,

ye have experience,

altliei

thowght

hold

my

toung,^ to what inconvenience

have vowed thame

selfis.

Wlien he had said these wordis, thei were

wyfe.
In Foxe, " auditorie."
in Foxe,
'

all

doumc,^

thinking better to have ten concubynes, then one maiyed

'
*

dumbe

as a beetle."

In Foxe, " hold my peace " In Foxe, " dunibe."

1546.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

165

The XV Article.
Thovv
fals

Heretike and runnagate, sayest, That tliow will

not obey our Generall nor Princii^ale^ Councellis.

The Answer.

My
I

Lordis,

was never exercised

I or ellis give
reid

God
sallis,

what your Generall Counsallis ar, I know not butt to the pure woord of in thame hear your Generall CounRead laubouris. gave my
;

me
:

a book, whairin thei ar conteancd, that

may

thame

Yf

that thei aggree with the word of

God,
-"

I will not disagree.

Then the ravineyng wolves turned into madnes,2 and said, Reid furth the lett we him speak any further ? Amonges thame." upoun not and stay Articles, rest of the
Whareunto
called of the people, JT X
^

these cruell tygres, thare Avas one fals hypocryte, a seducer

Johnne

standing Scot,^ ' u a beliynd

Johnne
"

this

was

FRKIK SCO!

Lauderis back, hasting him to reid the rest of the Articles,

and nott

to tary

upone his wittie and godlye ansueris

For

we may not abyde thame, (quod he,) no more then may abyde the sign of the croce, when it is named."
The XVI Article.

the Devill

Thow Heretike sayest. That it is vane to buyld to the honour of God costlie Churches, seing that God remaneth not in Churches made by menis handis, nor yit can God be in
so
litill

space, as betuix the Preastis handis.

The Answer.

My

Lordis,

Salomon

sayith, "

can not comprehend thee,

Yf that the heavin of heaviiiis how much less this house that I
=

1 As in Foxc, and in MS. G, &c., this evidently should be " Provinciall." - In Foxe, " woodnes."

96. In Foxe,
Scot."

See yome notices of Scot, at page "called Job. Giay-finde

166

THE HISTORY OP

Book

I.

have buylded." And Job consenteth to the same sentence, saying, " Seing that he is hejchtar then the heavins, tharefor

what can thow buyld unto him

then how
sail

hell,

thow know him

sea."

He He

is is

deapar then the

longar then the

earth,

and breadar then the

into

So that God can nott be

is

comprehended

one space,

becaus that he

infinite.

These sayingis, nochtwithstanding, I said never that churches

should be destroyed
that
;

bot of the contrarie, I affirmed ever,

churches should be susteaned and upholdin, that the

people should be congregat in thame to hear the worde of

God

preached.

Moreover, wharesoever

is

the trew preaching

of the

word of God, and the lauchfull use of the Sacrais

mentes, undoubtedlye thare

these sayingis ar trew together

God him self So that both God can nott be compre:

hended into any one place

or three gathered in his

And,

" Wliaresoever thare ar

is

two

name, thare

he present in the

myddest of thame."

Then

said he to his Accusar, "

Yf thow
was

thinkest any otherwyise then I say, schaw furth thy reasonis

befoir this auditorie."

Then

he, without

all

reassone,

dome,l and could not answer a worde.

The

XVII Article.

Thow

fals

Heretike contemnest Fasting, and sayest, thow

fast.

shouldest not

The Answer.

My
ture
;

Lordis, I find that Fasting

is

commended

in the Scrip-

tharefor I
fasting.

war a sclanderar of the

Gospell, yf I con-

temned

And

not so onlye, but I have learned by

is

experience, that fasting

good

for the health

and conserfastith

vatioun of the body.

the trew
fast.

But God knowith onlye who

'

In Foxe, " dnmbe."

1546.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

1G7

The

XVIII Article.

Thow

fals

Heretike

lies

preached

opinlie, saying,

That the

Soulles of

men

shall sleip to the latter

day of judgement, and

shall not oLtene lyfe

immortale

untill that day.

The Answer.
God,
fiill

of mercy

such thingis of me.

of God,

and goodnes, forgeve thame that sayeth I wote and know suirelie by the word
faith of
suirelie,

that

he which hath begone to have the

Jesus Christ, and belevith fermelie in him, I

that the

know

sawU of that man

;

shall never sleape, hot ever shall

leve ane immortall lyef

is

the which

lyef,
;

frome day to day,

renewed in grace and augmented

nor yitt shall ever

perish,

or have ane end, but shall ever leve immortall with

:

Christ thare held

shall come,

To the which

lyfe all that beleve in

him

and

rest in eternall glorie.

Amen.
complices,

When

that the Bischoppis, with thare

had

ac-

cused this innocent man, in manor and forme afoirsaid, incontinentlie thei

condemned him

to

be brynt as ane Heretike,

not having respect to his godly answeris and trew reassones

which he alledged, nor

yitt to thare

awin consciences, think-

ing verelye, that thei should do to

God good

sacrifice,

con-

formable to the sayingis of Jesus Christ in the Gospell of

Sanct Johnne, chapter 16: "Thei shall excommunicat yow

yea,

and the tyme

shall

come, that he which killeth

service."

yow

shall think that

he hath done to God good

The Prayer
"

of Maister George.

IMMORTALL GoD

liow long Sail tliow suffer the woodnes

and great

crudelitie of the ungodlie to exercise thare furie

upoun thy servandes,

Avhich

do further thy word in this

is,

world, seing thei desyre to do the contraric, that

to

chok

168

THE HISTORY OF
tliy

Book

I.

and destroy

trew doctrin and

veritie,

by the which thow

all

hast schewed thee unto the world, which was

drouned in

Lord, we know hlyndness and mysknowledge of thy name. suirlie, that thy trew servandes most neidis suffer, for thy

names
us,

saik, persecutioun, afflictioun,

is

and troubles

in this pre-

sent lyef, which

but a schaddow, as thow hast schewed to

thee, (Mercyfull Father,) that

But yitt we desyre by thy Propheittis and Apostles. thow conserve, defend, and help

thy Congregatioun, which thow hast chosen befoir the be-

gynning of the world, and give thame thy grace to hear thy
word, and to be thy trew servandis in this present lyef"

Then, by and by, thei caused the

commoun

people to re-

move,

whose desyre was alwyise

to hear that innocent speak.

And

the sonis of darknes pronunced thare sentence definitive,

not having respect to the judgement of God.

Wlien

all this

was done and

said,

my

Lord Cardinall caused his tormen-

tares^ to pas agane with the

untill

meke lambe unto

the Castell,

such tyme the fyre was maid reddy.

into
his mate, saying, " Schir, ye

Wlien he was

come

the Castell, then thare came two Gray feindis,

Freir Scott

and

must maik your

confessioun unto us."

He

answered, and said, " I will

mak
that

no confessioun unto yow.

preached this day, and

Go

fetch

me

yonder

man

I will maik my confessioun unto him." Then thei sent for the Suppriour of the Abbay,^ who came but what he said in this conto him with all dilegence
;

fessioun, I can not schaw.^

When
dinall,

the fyre was maid reddy, and the gallowse, at the

of the Castell, neir to the Priorie,

West parte

my

Lord Car-

dreading that Maister George should have bene takin

No.
I.,)

'

In Foxe, " to voyde away."

In Foxe, " warders."

respecting Wisliart's dispens-

ing the Sacrament, on the morning of

:

Dean John Wynrame

see note

1,

his execution, to the Captain of the CasIt is nearly the same as in George Buchanan's History, and Pitscottie's Chronicle, but somewhat condensed.
tie.

page 150. * David Buchanan has an interpolation in this place, (See Appendix,

1546.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

169

away by

liis freindis, tharefoir lie commanded to bend all the ordinance of the Castell richt against the place of executioun,

and commanded

gunnaris to be readdy, and stand besyde thare gunnes, unto such tyme as he war burned. All this being done, thei bound Maister George's handis beall his

hind his back, and led him furth with thare soldeouris, from
the Castell, to the place of thare cruell and wicked executioun.

As he came

furth of the Castell gate, thare mett

certane beggeris, asking of his

almes, for Goddis saik.

him To

whome he answered, " I to geve yow almes. But

and aboundand

Avant

my

handis, wharewith I wont

the mercyfull Lord, of his benignitie

grace, that fedith all

men, votschafe

to

geve

yow

necessaries, boitli unto your bodyes

and

soules."

Then

afterward mett

him two

fals feindis,

(I

should say, Freiris,)

saying, " Maister George, pray to our Lady, that sche

may be
this,

a mediatrix for
meiklie, " Cease

yow
:

to

liir

Sone."
not,

To whome he answered
brethrene."

tempt
fyre,

me

my

After

he was led to the

with a rope about his neck, and a

chaine of irne about his myddill,

Wlien that he came to the

knees, and rose agane
;

fyre,

and

thrise

he sat doun upoun his he said these wordis, "

:

thow Saviour of the warld, have mercy upon me

heavin, I

Father of

commend my
:

spreit into

thy holy handis."

When
and
for

he had maid

this prayer,

he turned him to the people, and

offended att the word of God,

said these wordis

sisteris,

" I beseik yow, Christiane brethrene

that ye be nott

the afflictioun and tormentis which ye see already prepared

for

me.

But

I exhortc yow, that

ye love the word of God,

your salvatioun, and

suffer patientlie,

and with a confortable

pray yow, shew
ni}^

harte, for the wordis saik,

which

is

your undoubted salvatioun

and everlesting
brethrene and

conforte.

Moirover, I

sisteris,

which have heard

me

oft

bofoir, that

fhei cease nott nor Icve of to Icarne the

I

word of God, whidi

for

taught unto thamc, after the grace gcvin unto mc,

no

170

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

persequutionis nor trubles in this world, which lestith nott.

And schaw

unto thame, that

my

doctrine was no wyffes fables,

after the constitutionis maid by

men

and yf I had taught

Bot
to
for

menis doctrin, I had gottin grettar thankis by men.

the wordis saik,

and trew Evangell, which was gevin

suffer this

me

by the grace of God, I

fullie,

day by men, not sorowFor this caus I

saik.

but with a glaid harte and mynd.

was

sent,

that I should suffer this fyre for Christis

Considder and behold

my

visage, ye sail not see

;

me

change

my

cullour.

This gryme fyre I fear nott

and

so I

pray yow
for the

for to do, yf that

any persecutioun come unto yow

to fear

wordis saik

and nott

thame that

slay the body,

and
said

afterwarte have no power to slay the saule.

of me, that I taught, that the saule of
untill

Some have
and

man

should sleap

the last day

but

know

suirlie,

my

faith is

such, that

my

saule sail sowp^ with

my

Saviour this nycht,

be sex houris, for whome I suffer this." Then he prayed thame which accused him, saying, " I beseik the Father of Heavin to forgive thame that have of any ignorance, or ellis of any evill mynd, forged lyes upone me I forgeve thame with all myne hearte I beseik Christ to forgeve thame that have condemned me to death this day ignorantor
it

for

lye."

And

last of all,

he said

to the peojjle
sisteris,

on this manor,

" I beseik yow, brethrene

lattis to

and
do

to exhorte your Pre-

the learnyng of the word of God, that thei at the

to
evill,

least

may be eschamed

and learne

to do

good

and yf

thei will not converte

thame

selves frome thare

wicked

errour, thare shall hastelie

come upone thame the wrath of

God,2 which thei

1 2

sail

not eschew."

In Foxe, " sup."

here another interpolation, containing

the alleged prediction by George Wishart of Cardinal Beaton's death. It was

In Foxe, there is this margmal note " M. George Wyseheart prophe:

sieth of the death of the Cardinall,

followed after." David

what Buchanan has

probably copied from George Buchanan See the passage in Appendix, No. I.

1546.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

faythfull wordls said

171

Many

he in the meane tyme, takin

no head or cair of the

pared for him.

cruell tormentis
all,

which war then pre-

Then, last of

the hangman, that was his

tormentour, sat doune upoim his kneis, and said, " Schir, I

pray yow, forgive me, for I

am

nott guiltie of your death"

To whome he come to him, he kissed

answered, "

Come
:

hither to me."

When he was
Lo
!

his cheik,

and

said, "

hear

is

tokin that I forgeve thee

My

liarte,

do thyn

office."

And

then by and by, he was putt upoun the gibbet, and hanged,

and there brynt

to poulder.3

When

that the people beheld

the great tormenting of that innocent, thei mycht not with-

hold frome piteous morning and complaining of the innocent

lambes slawchter.^
After the death of this blissed martyre of God, begane the
people, in plaine speaking, to

dampne and

detest the cnieltie

Pitscottie also

relates such a predic-

has given a description in his Life of

tion, in the following

words
;

" Captain,

God

forgive

yon man that

lies so glori-

ous on yon wall-head

lyis glorious

but within few

edit. p.

days, he shall lye as shamefull as he

now."

(Dalyell's
is

481.)
3

In Foxe's work

introduced a

woodcut representation of " The Martyrdome of M. George Wiseheart ;" he is suspended on a gibbet, in the midst of flames. It is evidently an imaginary
portrait.
*

The accovmt of Wishart, contained

in Foxe's Martyrs, ends with the above

words.

It is followed by a paragraph, described in the margin as " The just

judgment of God upon David Beaton, a

bloudy mui'therer of God's Saintes," which the reader will find copied into note], page 178. Foxe acknowledges that he followed a printed work, (Ex histor. impressa ;) having in fact introduced a literal copy of the latter portion of a very rare tract, of which Dr. M'Crie

Knox, vol. i. p. 382. The general title " The tragicall death of Dauid Beato, Bishoppe of Sainct Andrewes in Scotland Whereunto is joyned the Martyrdom of Maister George Wyseharte, gentleman, for whose sake the aforesayd Bishoppe was not long after slayne," &c. The preface of " Robert Burr ant to the reader," extends to twelve leaves. Next follows Sir David Lyndesay's poem on the Cardinall's death; and then " The Accusation " of Wishart, which Foxe incorporates in his Martyrology, from whence Knox's copy is taken, as well as the abridged copy inserted in Pitscottie's Chronicle. The volume extends to signature F vi.
is,
;

in eights, black letter, without date,

"Imprinted at London, by Jolm Day and William Seres." Lyndesay's poem, under the title of " The Tragedy," &c.,
is

included in

all

the subsequent edi-

tions of his poems.

Sec

it

quoted in a

subsequent page.

172
that was used.

THE HISTORY OF
Yea,

Book

I.

men

of great byrth, estimatioun, and

honour, at open tables avowed, That the blood of the said

Maister George should be revenged, or

lyef for lyef

ellis

thei should cost

Amonges whome Johnne

;

Leslye,i brother to

the Erie of Rothess, was the chcaf

for he, in all

cumpanyes,

spared not to say, "

dager,)
dinall."

That same whingar, (schawin furth his

shoTild

and that same hand,

These
biniytis

be preastis to the Car;

came to the Cardinalles earis but for in he thought him self stout yneuch for all Scotland Babylon, that is, in his new blok-house, he was suyre, as he thought and upoun the feildis, he was able to matche all
; ;

I.Y STRENTH OF THE CAR- ^iie DIN ALL OP SCOTLAND

THE WORLD- his ennemies.

And

to wryte .the trewth, the

most parte of

Nobilitie of Scotland
ellis

had ether war

sfevin

unto him thare

bandis of manrent, or

in confideracye,

and promessed

amitie with him.

He

onlye feared thame in whose handis

God

did deliver him, and for

so secreatlie, (as that he

thame had he laid his neattis maid a full compt,) that thare feit
;

could not
of his

we shall after heare formare practises we man reacompt.

eschaj),

as

and something

After the Pasche he came to Edinburgh, to hold the seinze,^

' John Lesley was the second son of William Lesley, wlio was killed at Floddon, along with his brother George

Rothes, to by him
age," 50.

clatliis to his

mari-

He was taken

prisoner at

second Earl of Rothes; William's eldest

son, George, succeeding to the title in

1513, as third Earl.

John Lesley

is

styled late of Parkliill in the

summons

of treason for the Cardinal's slaughter

and we

find that

Jolm

of Kynnore,

and

Lesley, Rector brother-german of

chai-ter of

Solway in 1542, and released 1st July 1543, upon payment of 200 merks sterling. Along with liis nephew Norman Lesley, Master of Rothes, and the other conspirators, he was forfeited, 14th August 1546; and died without issue, (Douglas and Wood's Peerage, vol. ii.
p. 427.)
^

George Earl of Rothes, had a

24th March 1537.
office at Court,

In Vautr.
or

edit.

" diet ;" ISeinzie, is

the King's lands of Parkhill in Fife,

Synod

Assembly.

Provmcial

He

also held

some

as the Treasurer, in De-

Council or Synod was appointed to be held in the Black Friars at Edinburgh,

cember 1533, paid "John Leslie, bruther to the Erie Rothwes, be the Kingis command, for liis liveray," 30. Again on the 22d Oct. 1541, there was "gevin to Johnne Leslye, broder to my Loi'd of

on the 13th January 1545-6. Knox says that the Cardinal came to attend it, " after the Pasche," or Easter, (25th
April

had

1546;) the meeting, therefore, probably been adjourned. The

ir,4G.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

Papistos terme thare
sorte.)

17;}

(as the

unhappy assemblie

of Baallis

was bruyted that something was purposed against him, at that tyme, by the Erie of Anguss and his freindis, whonie he mortally hated, and whose destructioun
schaven
It

he sought.
yea, to his
earth.

But

it failled,

and

so returned

he to his strenth
fear

God and only

thare he

conforte,

asweill in licavin as in
all

And

remaned without

of death,

promissing unto him self no less pleasur, nor did the riche

man, of whome mentioun

Evangell
glade,
for
;

my

maid by our Maister in the for he did nott onlie rejois and say, " Eitt and be saule, for thow hast great riches laid uj) in store
is

bot also he said, " Tush, a feg for the fead, l^^^ GYN ^^^^*; OP THE and a buttoun for the braggyne of all the heretikis and thare CARDINAI.L A LITILI.

many

dayis

;"

assistance in Scotland.

Is nott

my

Lord Governour myne

BEFOIR HIS
?

de EATH.

Witness his eldast sone^ thare pledge at

not the Queue at

my

table

Have
Is

my
that

awin devotioun
I freind to

(He ment of the

regnes.)
?

mother
France

to

Mary
?"

now myschevouslie
France

not

my

freind,

and

Wliat danger

should I fear

And

thus, in vanitie, the carnall Cardinall

delyted him self a

lytill befoir his

death.

But

yit

he had

devised to have cutt of such as he thought mycht

cummer

him

for

he had appointed the

haill

gentilmen of Fyif to

have mett him at Falkland, the Mononday after that he was

slane

upoun the Setterday.

His treasonable purpoise was

;

nott understand but

by

his secreat counsall

and

it

was

this

That Normond
his
father,

Leslie, Schireff of Fyff,^

;

and appearing
said

air to ^^'^^-,,,

the Erie of Rothess

the

Johnne

Leslye,

^^^auiunai.i..

father-brother to

Normound

the Lardis of Grange, eldar and

^ *

Archbishop of St. Andrews, as Lord Hailes remarks, " was, at that period,
understood to be perpetual President
in Provincial Councils.
. . .

See note

1,

page 181.

Norman

Lesley, as heir apparent to

his father, is here called Sheriff of Fife,

This

may

His father, George Earl of Rothes, was

constituted

be imputed to the title of Legate, which the Archbishops of St. Andrews had
obtained from the P.apal See."
Memoi'ials, p. 27.)

Hereditary Sheriff of the

Fifth, in the yetir

County, by James the

1531.

(Histor.

174
3'-oung'ar

THE HISTORY OF
;

Book

I.

Schir
;

James Lermound of Darsye,^ and Provest

faytlifull

of

Sanctandrose

and the

Lard of

Raitli

;2

should eyther

have bene slane, or

his pleasur.

ellis

tane,

and

after to

have bene used at

This interprise was disclosed after his slawchtter,

letteris

partlye

by

and memorialles found

in

his

chalmer,

butt playnlie affirmed by suche as war of the consall.

Many

purposes war devised,

tackin away.

how

that wicked

man mycht have bene

at nycht to

But

all failled, till

Fryday, the xxviij of Maij,

Anno

1546,

when the
;

foirsaid

Nomiound came
upoun the purpoise
suspected.

Sanctandross

Williame Kirkcaldye of Grange youngar was

;

in the toune befoir, awaitting

last

came
con-

Johnne Leslye

foirsaid,

who was most

it

What

clusion thei took that nycht,

was nott knawin, butt by the

in the

ischew which followed.

But
Maij,

airlie

upoun the Setterday,

mornyng, the

29. of

war

thei in syndree

cumpanyes

in the
First,

Abbay

kirk-yard,

not far distant frome the Castell.

oppin,

the yettis being

and the draw-brig

lettin doun, for receaving of for

lyme
(for

and

stanes,

and other thingis necessar

finished,)

buylding,

Babylon was almost

HOW THE CARDINALL
WAS
OCCU-

first,

we

say, assayed

Williame
"

Kirkcaldy of Grrange youngar, and with him sex personis,

and gottin
in

enteress, held pui-pose with the portare,

T'

Yf My

PYED THE NYCHT BEFOIR THAT THE MORNRLAINE.

who (And so it was Lord was walking dead for he had bene busy at his comptis with Maistres
;

ansuered, " No."

YNGHEWAS Marioun Ogilbye^ that nycht,

1

tr^

o was

espyed to departe

Sir

Dairsye, in Fife,

James Leirmonth of Balcomy and was the son of David

Leirmonth of Clatta, who acquired the

estate of Dairsye, in 1520.

He was

for

many
month

years Provost of St. Andrews,

Marion Ogilvy was the daughter of James Ogilvy, who was created Lord Ogilvj'^ of Airly, in the year 1491, and who died about 1504. Her son, by Cardinal Beaton, was the ancestor
^

Sir

between 1532 and 1547.

of Dairsye,

Patrick Leir-

of the Beatons,

or Bethunes, of Ne-

was served heir of his father, Sir James Leirmonth of Balcomy, 13th March 1547-8. (Re-

ther Tarvet,
i.

(Nisbet's

Heraldry,

vol.

tours, Fife, No. 7.)

*

Sir

John

Melville of Raith, Knight

see a subsequent note.

210 ;) and it was her daughter, Margaret Beaton, whose marriage with David Lindesay Master of Crawfurd, (and afterwards ninth Earl,) the Cardinal celebrated at Finhaven in
p.

1546.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

IIT)

frome him by the previe posterne that morning

for qwyetness, after the reuillis of phisick,

and

tliare-

and a morno sleap^

Williame and

was requisite
tlie

for

My

Lord.)

Wliill the said

Portar talked, and his servandis maid thame to look the

work and the workemen, approched Normound Leslye with and becaus thei war in no great nomber, thei his company Thei address thame to the myddest of easilie gat entress.
;

the close,
riidlye,

and immediatlie came Johnne Leslye, somewhat and four personis witli him. The portar, fearing, wold
;

have drawin the brig

thairon, stayed,
for defence, his

but the said Johnne, being entered

in.

and lap
head was

And
-,5

whill the portar

maid him
seased.

brokin, the keyis tackin frome him,

and he

castin in the fowsea

arises
:^

and

so the place

was

The schowt
at the

the workemen, to the nomber of

mo

then

a hundreth, ran of the wallis,

wicked

yett.7

and war without hurte put furth The first thing that ever was done,

Williame Kirkcaldye took the garde of the prevey posterne,

fearing that the fox should have eschaped.
to the gentilmenis

Then go the

rest

chalmeris,

any man, thei put

mo

then

fyftie personis to
this,

and without violence done to The the yett

:

nomber

that interprised

and did

was but sextein

personis.

The

Cardinall,

awalkned with the

?

schouttis,

asked from his

windo, Wliat ment that noyse

mound

Leslye had tackin his

;

was answered, That NorCastell. Which understand, he

It

but p o. ceaving the passage to be keapt without, he returned qwicklye to his chalmer, took his twaran to the posterne
Angus, almost immediately after WishOn the 26th November art's death. 1549, letters were sent by a pursuevant, " chargeing Marioun Ogilby to find soverte to \mderly the lawis for interlyning of the Quenis Grace letMarion Ogilvy, designed as teris." Lady Melgund, died in June 1575. In her testament, mention is made of her son, David Betoun of Melgund, and Mr. Alexander Betoun, Archdene of Lothian.
This Alexander,
*
'^

it

is

said,

became a

Protestant minister.

In Vautr. In Vautr.
ditch,

edit. "

a morning sleepe."
the foule sea
is,

edit. " into

;"

;"

in

MS. G,

" fowsie

that

the fosse,

or

Castle, except

which extended round the towards the sea. In MS. G, these three words are
edit. "

omitted.
'

In Vautr.

the wicked gate

;"

in

MS. G,

" wickit yet."

76

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

lianded sword, and garte his chalmer child cast kystes, and
otlier

impedimentis to the doore.

it,

In this meane tyme came

open.
"

Johnne Leslye unto

askyne,
"

and

biddis

The Cardinall
is

Wlio

calles ?"

he answeris,

My name

Leslye."

THE cAEDiNALLIS DE-

He my name ^

re-demandis, " Is that

is

Normond
freind."!

The other

sayis, "

Nay
,

Johnne."
is

" I will have

Normound,"

sayis the
self

MAND.

Cardinall; "for he

my

"Content your

with

such as ar hear with the

said

for other shall

ye gett nana"

Thare war
familiarlie

Johnne, James Melven,2 a

man

acquented with Maister George Wisharte, and Petir Caremichaell,^ a stout gentilman.

In this meanetyme, whill thei

force at the doore, the Cardinall hydis a

coallis that

box of gold under

war

laide in a secreat cornar.

At

lenth he asked,
" It

" Will

ye save

my

lyef ?"
"

The

said

Johnne answered,

may
unto

be that we

will."

Nay," sayis the Cardinall, "

Swear
un-

me by

Groddis woundis,

and

I will

open unto yow."

Then answered the

1

said Johnne,

" It that

was

said, is

Norman

Lesley, Master of Rothes,

How

long this " stout gentleman" sur;

usually

considered

as

having

been

the principal actor in the Cardinal's

slaughter,

was the

eldest son of

George

third Earl of Rothes.

In Jme 1537,
of black

there

was furnished a gown

satin, lined

with black velvet, a doublet

of black velvet, hose of Paris black, a

but he appears to have been succeeded by his brother, A charter of confirmation imder the Great Seal was passed, " quondam Petro Carmichaell de Balmadie, Euphemise Wymes ejus conjugi, et quondam Jacobo Carmichaell de Balmadie suo fratri,"
vived, is uncertain

black bonnet, &c., "to

lie."

(Treasurer's Accounts.)

Normond LesAnd in

of the

lands

of

Kirkdrone,

Easter

Drone, Balmadie,

August that year, at the King's command, the Treasurer paid him 40. In December 1589, dresses being also furnished to him, shews that he held some
situation at Court.

and Quhelphill, in the shires of Perth and Lanark, 18th December 1593. The next in succes-

sion seems to have been David,

who

died before 1646

David Carmichael of

After his forfeiture,

he entered the service of the King of France, and died of his wounds, in the year 1554, as will be related in a subsequent note.
^

Balmadie, on the 14th November 1646, having been served heir of his father,

David Carmichael of Balmadie.

styled "

Two
is

years later, in another service, he

Dom. David Carmichael de Bal-

In Vautr
In the

edit. "

James Melvin ;"

of treason, he

in

MS. G, "
3

Melvell."

summons

is

madie miles." (Retours, Fife, No. 575, 747 Perth, 557, 575.) The lands of Balmadie are in the lordship and re;

styled Peter Carmichael of Balmadie.

gality of Abernethy.

1546.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

;"
;)

177

said

and
and

so cryed, " Fyre, fyre

;"

(for tlie

doore was verray

full

stark

so

was brought ane cliymlay

of burnyng-

coallis.
(it
is

Wliich perceaved, the Cardinall or his chalmer child,

uncertane,) opened the doore, and the Cardinall satt
" I

doune in a chyre, and cryed,

ye
will nott slay

am

a preast

am

a prcast

^Ill^iston
^'^'^^ioun.

Johnne Leslye, (according to his formar vowes,) strook him first anes or twyse, and so But James Melven, (a man of nature most did the said Petir. gentill and most modest,^) perceaving thame boyth in cholere,
me."

The

said

withdrew thame, and

Grod, (althought it

said,

" This

worke and judgement of

be

secreit,)

aught to be done with greattar

THE GODLY
FACT AND WOORDIS OP

gravitie
said,

and presenting unto him the point of the sweard, " Repent thee of thy formar wicked lyef, but especiallie
\"

of the schedding of the blood of that notable instrument oiJl'^^l MKLVEN.2 God, Maister George Wisharte, which albeit the flame of fyre

consumed
God,

befoir

men

yitt cryes

it,

a vengeance upoun thee,

it
:

and we from God ar sent

I protest, that

to revenge

For

heir, befoir

my

nether the hetterent of thy persone, the

luif of

thy

riches,

nor the fear of any truble thow could have

done to
thee
;

me

in

particulare,

moved, nor movis

me

to

stryk

but only becaus thow hast bein, and remanes ane ob-

stinat

And

so

ennemye against Christ Jesus and his holy Evangell." he stroke him twyse or thrise trowght with a stog
;

sweard
but " I
^

and

so

he

fell,

never word heard out of his mouth,

a preast
:

THE CARDINALLIriLAST WOOEDIS.

am

a preast, I

am

fy,

fy

all is

gone."^

In the

summons

of treason, he

is

called
note,

James Melville elder. See footwhere Knox makes mention of his

certainly be held re-

death, in France, under the year 1549.

*

Knox must

God's saints, rather than an express commendation of the act itself, ^ David Beaton was a younger son of John Beaton of Balfour, in Fife. He was born in 1494, and his name occurs
in the Registers of the University of St.

sponsible for this marginal note, which

has given
after
all,

rise to so

much

abuse.

But
of

Andrews
1511.

in 1509,

and of Glasgow,

in

this phrase,

"the godly fact

He

afterwards went to France,

and words,"
putting

applies to the

manner

Beaton to death, as a just punishment inflicted on a persecutor of

where he studied the Civil and Canon Law. His first preferment was the
Rectorship of Campsie, in 1519, when

VOL.

I.

178

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

Whill tliey war thus occupyed with the Cardinall, the fray
rises in

the toune.

The Provest^ assembles the communitie,

"

and cumis
with

to the fowseis syd, crying,

What have ye done

Lord Cardinall
?

my

Lord Cardinall
slayne

Wliare

is
?

my

Have ye
it

my

Lord Cardinall

Lett us see

my
;

Lord

Cardinall ?"

Thei that war within answered gentilye, " Best

to returne to your awin houssis
for the

war unto yow

ye
call

man
his

the Cardinall has receaved his reward, and in

will truhle the

awin persone
see him."

warld no more."

But then
till

more

enraigedlye, thei cry, "

We

shall never departe

that

we

And

so

was he brought

to the East blokhouse

head, and schawen dead ower the wall to the faythless multitude,

which wold not beleve befoir

it

saw

How

miserably

lay David Betoun, cairfull Cardinall.^

And

so thei departed,
jiace,

without Requiem ceternam, and Requiescant in

his saule.

song for

Maij, as ye have heard,)

Now, becaus the wether was bote, (for it was in and his fnnerallis could not sudtice,

he was designed " Clericus S. Andreae Diocesis ;" and in that year he was made Resident for Scotland in the Court
of France.

p.

71.)

In a

letter,

dated 29th

March

1539, " the Abbot of Arbroath,

of Sanct

now Bushope

Andrewes,"

is

In 1523, his uncle, James

mentioned, his uncle having died in the

Beaton, being made Primate of St. Andrews, resigned in his favoiu' the Com-

beginning of 1539. On the 13th December 1543, the Cardinal Archbishop

mendatory of Arbroath, or Aberbrothock, reserviBg to liimself, dm-ing

life,

was created Lord High Chancellor. He was assassinated upon Saturday the
29th of
*

the half of
sat,

its

revenues.

David Beaton
afterwards

May

1546.
:

as Abbot of Arbroath, in the Par-

liament

1525.
in

He was

see

James Leirmonth of Dairsye note 1, p. 174. He had filled the

Sir

employed

public services abroad.

office

of Master of the Household in the

In December 1537, he

Bishop of Mii-epoix in King of France contributed to Beaton's

was consecrated Languedoc. The

reign of

James the

Fifth, (Holinshed's

Chronicle, p. 448, edit. 1577,)

and not

Treasurer, as previously stated at page

102,

advancement to the Cardinalate, to which he was promoted by the title of " Sti. Stephani in Monte Coelio." In the same month he was made Coadjutor of St. Andrews, and declared
future successor to his uncle, James (Keith's Catalogue of Bishops, Beaton.

and

in Tytler's Scotland, vol. v. p.

270,

when mentioned

as one of the

missioners sent to England in

infant Princess with
^

ComMarch

1543, to treat of the marriage of the

Edward

the Sixth.

These words,
all

"

How

miserably,"

&c., are scored, as if deleted,

and are

p.

37

Senators of the College of Jus-

omitted in

the other copies.

1546.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

179

dandly be prepared,
styncking, to geve

and a nukl

in

it was tliowg-lit best, to keap him frome him great salt ynewcht, a cope of lead, the boddome of the Sea-toore, (a place whare

many

of Goddis childrene

had bein empreasoned

befoir,) to

await what exequeis his brethrene the Bischoppes wold pre-

pare for him. 2

In Vauti*.
edit. "

a corner

;"

in

MS.

G, " a neuk."
^ The following paragraph is given by Foxe, in connexion with his account of Wishart's martyrdom, as mentioned

" Quhen every man had judgit as him list, They saltit me, syne closit me in ane kist.
I lay unburyit sevin monethis,

Or

in note 4, page 171 " note of the just punishment of

:

and more was borne, to closter, kirli, or queir, In ane midding, quhilk pane bene to
I

deplore,

God upon
byshop
Beaton.
" It of

Without
freir

suffrage of chanoun,
;

monk, or
leir,

the criiell Cardinall Ai'ch-

Saint

Andi-ewes,
after the

named
Martyr-

All proud Prelatis at

me may lessonis

was not long

of the blessed

Quhilk rang so lang,and so triumphantlye. Syne in the dust doung doun so dolefullye."

M. George Wiseheart aforesayd, who was put to death by David Beaton, the bloudy Archbyshop and Cardinall of Scotland, as is above specified, an. 1546, the first day of March, but the sayd Dauid Beaton, Archbyshop of S. Andrewes, by the just revenge of God's mighty judgement, was slayen within his own Castle of S. Andrewes, by the handes of one Lech [Leslie] and other gentlemen who, by the Lord styrred vp, brake in sodeinly into his Castle upon him, and in his bed miu'thered tlie same yeare, the last day of May, cryof God,
;

dome

man

Foxe's statement respecting the Cardinal's

burial,

is

evidently incorrect
in
his
St.

Sir

James Balfour,

co\mt of the Bishops of

says of
corpse, after he

MS. AcAndrews,

Cardinal Beaton, that " His

Mm

had lyne salted in the bottom of the Sea-tower, witliin the Castell, was nine months thereafter taken from thence, and obscui-ely interred in the Convent of the Black Friars of St. Andrews, in anno 1547." Holinshed, hi some measure, reconciles After these apparent contradictions
:

ing out,

'

Alas, alas, slay

me

not, I

am
and

referring to

what I^ox has

called " the

a Priest.'

And

so lyke a butcher he

lyved, and like a butcher he dyed,

coloured Appointment," (see p. 183,) entered into by the Governor, in the

lay 7 monethes and

more imburyed,
buryed in a
ult.

and

at last, like a cariou,

view of having liis son released, it is added, " Tkey delirered also the dead
bodi/e

dungliill.

An. 1546, Maij

Ex his-

toria imprcssa."

1235.)

1576, p. Sir David Lyndesay tlms aledit.

(Foxe,

of the Cardinall, after it had layne buried in a diuigliill, within the

Castell, ever sithence the

daye which
of Scotland,

ludes to the Cardinal's fate, in his poem entitled " The Tragedie of the umquhyle

they slew
either in

him." (Chron.

p. 466, edit. 1577.)

maist reverend Father David, be the

mercy of God, Cardinal, and Archebischop of Sanct Androis," &c.,

Tliis must have been December 1546, or in January 1546-7, unmediately after the Governor had raised the siege of the Castle.

180

THE HISTORY OP
tliingis

Book
tliat

T.

IMENT TO MENT^To*^"

These

we wreat

mearelie.i

But we wold,
tliare

the
that

THE READ
AR.

Reader should observe Goddis just judgementis, and

lie

how
feit,

can deprehend the Avorldly wyse in

awin wisdome,

mak

thare table to be a snare to trape thare awin

and

thare awin presupposed strenth to be thare awin destructioun.

These ar the workis of our God, wharby he wold admonish

the tyrantis of this earth, that in the end he will be revenged
of thare crueltye,
trare.

what strenth

so ever thei

mack

in the con-

"

But sucli is That the posteritie does ever follow the footsteppes of thare
fatheris,

the blyndnes of man, (as David speakis,)

wicked
litill

and

principallie in thare impietie

;"

for

how

differres the cruelty of that bastarde, that yitt is called

Bischope of Sanctandrois,^ frome the cnieltie of the formar,

we will after heare. The death of this

preastis,

foirsaid

tyrant

was

dolorous

to

the

dolorous to the

Governour, most dolorous to the

Queue Dowager ;^ for in him perished faythfulnes to France, and the conforte to all gentilwemen, and especiallie to wantoun wedowis His death most be revenged. To the Courte
:

agane repares the Erie of Anguss, and his brother Schir

George.

Laubour

is

maid

for the

and a grant was ones maid of the samyn,

Abbacy of Abirbrothok, (in memorie whareof

is

George Dowglas,^ bastard sone to the said Erie,

'

yet called

In Vautr.

eilit.

" merily."
:

John Hamilton

See note

2,

page

^ In Vautr. edit, and the later MSS., " dolorous to the Queen's daughter." *

124.

Immediately after the quotation

George Douglas was a natiu-al son

in the previous note,

Foxe continues
S.

of xVi-chibald Earl of Angus.

fy

To

quali-

" After this David

Beaton, succeeded

him

for preferment in the Church,

John Ilamclton, Archbyshop of

drewes, an. 1549;
feriour
to his

An-

letter of legitimation

who

to the extent

the Great Seal,

was passed under 14th March 1542-3.

that he would in no wayes appeare inpredecessoiuin

On

the death of Cardinal Beaton, in the

of iVi-berbrotliick, (now Arhad been conferred on Douglas

aug-

contest for his several preferments, the

mentyng the number

of the holy

Mar-

Abbacy
broath,)

tyrs of God, in the next yeare following

called a certaine poore
raent,

man

to judge-

by the Governor.
alluding to his

Hume
title

of Godscroft,

whose name was Adam AVallace. The order and maner of whose story
here foloweth." (See a subsequent note.)

of Postulate of Al)erbrothock, says, he " not only did

postulate

it,

but apprehended

it also,

1546.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

Butt
it

181

Postulat.)
tonis,)

was more proper, (think the Hanimylyitt in esperance

thairof,

for the

Governouris keching-, nor for reward to the

the saidis Erie
tliat

Dowglasses.

And

and George

his brother

war the
he had to

first

that voted,

the
THE BlSCnOPE OP
.SANCTANDROIS WA.S GLAID, AND

Castell of Sanctandrois
to declair the zeall that

should he beseiged.

The Bischope, revenge the death of him

coallis.

that was his predecessour, (and yit for his wishe he wold nott
haif

YITT MAID

had him leaving agane,)

still

blew the

And

HIM SELl'TO
first, BE

ANGREE

he caused summound, then denunce accurssed, and then

rebelles,^ not only the first interprisaris,

AT THE
last, SLAUCHTER OP THE

but

all

such also as

CARDINALL

and used it as his own." (Hist, of the House of Douglas and Angus, vol. ii. Yet James Beaton p. 63, edit. 1743.) obtained possession of the Abbacy, and retained it till 1551, when he was raised
to the See of Glasgow.
er's

In the Treasm*-

On the 29th ol July the Parliament met, and continued the summons until the 4th of August. On the same day, were " Letters dh-ect to Fyf, chargeing all maner of man that nane of thame tak upone hande to
the City of Edinburgh.
molest, trouble, or male onye impedi-

Accoimts for November 1549, we find that " Maister James Betouii, Postidat of Aberbrothock," was ordered to find surety " to underly the lawis, for
treasonable intercommunyng with Schir JhonnDudlielnglisman, sumtyme Capitane of the Fort of Brochty ;" and persons were sent " to Aberbrothok to requyre the place thairof to be gevin cure to my Lord Governouris Grace, becaus Maister James Betoun wcs at Douglas took an active the home.'

ment

to

Normoiuid Leslie or
that thai
to the

his

comto
al-

plicies,

may

frelie

cum

Edinburgh
lege thair

Parliament and

share in devising the murder of Rizzio,

in 1566.

Upon

the death of Patrick

Hcpbm-n, Bishop of Moray, Douglas became his successor, and was conseKeith crated 5th February 1573-4.
says he was Bishop of
teen years
;

pas Accounts.) Some overtiires to Parliament for their remission having proved abortive, the persons referred to were declared guilty of high treason, and their lands and goods forfeited. The chief persons mentioned in the summons were Norman Lesley, Fear of Rothes Peter Carmichael of Balinadie James Kirkaldy of the Grange William Kirkaldy, his eldest son David Kirkaldy, his brother John, Patrick, and George
defensis,
frelie to

and

and

repas,"

&c.

(Treasm-er's

and that

Moray for sis^he was buried m

Kirkaldy, brothers to the said James

Kii'kaldy of the Grange
of Parkhill
;
;

John
;

Leslie

the chui'ch of Holyroodhouse.

'>

Alexander Inglis
;

James

The summons
is

of treason against the

Melville elder

John

Melville, bastard
;

conspirators in the Castle of St.

An-

drews,

contained in the Acts of Par-

son to the Laird of Raith Alexander Melville; David Balfour, son to the Laird

liament.

It was passed imder the Great Seal on the 10th of June 1546,
it

of Mountquhanuy
Six-

William Gutlirie:
;

and

cited

them

to

compear before the

Jolm Auchinleck, Chaplain (Acta Sir Jolm Young, Chaplain.

and
Pari.

I'arliauient on the 30th of July, within

Scot. vol.

ii.

pp. 467, 468.)

182
after did

THE HISTORY OF
accumpany thame.i
in

Book

I.

And

last of all, the. seige

;

was
the

concluded, wliich begane

the end of August

(for

23 day thairof dej^arted the soldeouris from Edinburgh,) and continewed near to the end of Januare.
caus
thei
;

At what tyme, behad no other hope of wynnyng of it butt by hounger and thairof also thei war dispared for thei within had brockin throwght the east wall, and maid a plaine
;

passage,

by ane yron yett

to the sea,

which greatly releaved

;

the besegeid, and abased the beseagearis

that thei could nott stope

for

then thei saw

thame

of victualles, onless that thei

should be maisteris of the sea, and that thei clearlie understood thei could not be
;

for the Engliss

schippis

had ones

bein thare, and had browght Williame Kirkcaldy frome London, and with

much

difficultie,

(becaus the said yett was nott

then prejiared,) and some

loss of

men, had randered him to

the Castell agane, and had tackin with thame to the Courte
of England,

Johnne Lesly and Maister Henry Balnavis,

all

for

perfyting of

contractes betuix

thame and King Harye,

Pitscottie,

after

stating that the

conspirators at the end of six days

aganis the Queine and Governour, thinked tliamselffis strong enough againes thame both
;

were put
his

to the horn, thus proceeds in

:

narrative

" So

and send
cannot

thair

they keipit stUl

fui--

niessiugeris to lugland to seik support

the Castle of Sanct Andros, and

but quhat they

gott, I

tell."
is

nished

it

with

all

necessar

and

all sic

(Dalyell's edit. p. 435.)

Spotiswood

as suspected thamselffis guiltie of the

said slauchter, past into the said Castle
for thaii" defence, to witt, the Lau-d of

much more concise.

persons,
nal's death,

He says,

" Diverse

upon the news of the Cardicame and joyned with those

Melvilles of the

Grange, Maister Hendrie Prymros,

[err.

that had killed him, especially Maister

for Balnaves,] the Laird of Pitmillie,

Henry BaLaaves, the

the old persone George Leslie, Sir Johne

Auchinleck, with
nocht
at
the

many

utheris, icho

wer

house of Eaith, and some gentlemen of Fife, to the number of seven score persons,

slauchter,

but susijected
evill

who

all

entered into the Castle

thamseliBs to be borne at
thairfoii" tliey

will

the day after the slaughter, and abode

lap in to the Castle, and remained thaii* the space of halfe ane yeir, and would not obey the authoritie, ner yitt hear of no appoyntmeut nor offerris which was oiferred unto thame be the authoritie. But still malignant

dming the term of the first siege, John Eough, he that had attended the Governour as Chaplaui in the beginning of his regiment, came also thither, and became their preacher." (History',
there

p. 84.)

1546.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

to tak

183

who promissed
"^

thame

in his protectioun, ^

upoun con-^

^'po^

what

CONDITION IS

should keape the Governouris ' Lord of Errane,^ and stand freindis to the contract of ^;*^|^^^^^'^*" mariage, whareof befoir we have made mentioun. These h^s^protec;-

ditioiin onlye, that thei

king hauy sone, ' TOOK THK

my

thingis clearly understand, (we say,)

his Counsall, the preastis
to

by the Governour and

sorte, thei

^"'^^

and the schavin

conclude

make ane Appointment,

to the end, that

under treuth thei

mycht
cij)all

eytlier gett the Castell betrayed,

or ellcs

some prin-

cumpany tackin at unwarres. In the which head was the Abbot of Dumfermling^ principall and for that purpose had the Lard of Monquhany,^ (who was most familiar with those of the Castell,) laubored at foote and hand, and
of the
;

men

proceaded so in his trafique, that from entress upoun daylyglit at his pleasur,

he gat

licience to

come upoun the

nyclit

whensoever

it

pleased him.

But God had nott appointed

so

many

to

be betrayed, albeit that he wold that thei should be

punished, and that justlye, as heirafter

James Lord Hamilton, afterwards and eldest son of the Governor, was kept as a hostage in
1

we

will hear.

third Earl of Ain-an,

was Archdeacon of St. Andrews, styles himself Abbot in 1530, and continued to
act as subordinate to Beaton during the

the Castle of St. Andi-ews at the time

of the Cardinal's slaughter.

Primate's

Life.

Beaton died in 1539

He was

retained
for their

by the conspirators as a pledge

own advantage.

In the event

of his being delivered to the English,

the Parliament, on the 14th of August

passed an Act, excluding Lord Hamilton from all right of succession to the family estates and the Crown, (being then regarded as presumptive heu- to the Crown,) during the time of
1546,
liis
^

and Durie's appointment to the Abbacy of Dunfermline was confirmed by James the Fifth. He was nominated an Extraordinary Lord of Session, 2d July 1541. Durie continued to act as Commendator, or Abbot, till 1560, when he went to France, and died on the 27th January 1560-61 liis successor on the bench took his seat on the 12th Novem:

ber that year.

captivity.

two years
George
Dui'ie.

after

According to Dempster, liis death he was canon-

This was

George,
at

Abbot
in

of Dunfermline,

was present
yet
it

the sentence against Patrick Hamilton

by the Church of Rome. (Senators of the College of Justice, p. 67; Keith's Kcgistrimi dc DunHist. vol. i. p. 331
ized
;

Februai-y

1527-8,

appears

fermlyn,
^

p. xvi.)

that his kinsman,

bishop of

St.

James Beaton, ArchAndrews, was actually

Durie,

Kilniany,

Montquhanie is in the parish of and was the scat of Sii-

Commendator.

however,

who

Michael Balfour.

184

THE HISTORY OF
The Headis
of the Coloured Appointment

Book

I.

war

1.

That thei should keap the Castell of Sanctandrois, ay

and whill that the Governour, and the authoritie of Scotland,

should gett unto thame ane sufficient absolutioun from the

Pape, (Antichrist of Rome,) for the slawchtter of the Cardinall foirsaid.

That thei should deliver pledges

for deliverie

of that

House, how sone the foirsaid absolutioun was delivered unto

thame.
3.

That

thei,

thare

freindis,

familiaris,

servandes,

and

otheris to thame pertenyng, should never be perseAved in the

law, nor
said.

by the

law,l be the authoritie, for the slauchter foirspirituall or

But that thei should braik^ commodities

temporall, whatsoever thei possessed befoir the said slauchter,

evin as yf
4.

it

had never bein committed.

war keape.
never

That thei of the Castell should keape the Erie of Errane,^

so long as thare pledges

liberall

And such lyik

to

Articles,

yneuch

for thei

mynded

keape word of

thame, as the ischew did declaire.

The Appointment maid,

what bud,
as in deid so
it

all

the godly war glaid

for

some

esperance* thei had, that thairby Goddis woord should somedid.

For Johnne Rowgh,^ (who

sone after the Cardinalles slawghter entered within the Castell,

and had continewed with thame the hole

;

seige,)

begane

to preach in Sanctandrois

and

albeit

he was nott the most

learned, yit
foir

was

his doctrin without corruptioun,

and thare-

weall lyiked of the people.

" esjjerance," her rendered " hope."

"

Nor by the law," omitted

edit. " enjoy."

in Vautr.

In Vautr.

eclit.

e(iit.
2
3

and elsewhere,
*

is

In Vautr.
In

See note

1,

page 187.

MS. G, and other copies,

1,

"

Arran

:"

see note

page 183.

1547.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

185
anno
iw-

At tlie Pasche^ after, came to tlie Castell of Sanctandrois JoHNNE Knox, who, weareid of removing from place to place,
be reassone of the persecutioun that came upoiin him by this
Bischope of Sanctandros, was determinat to have
land,
left

Scot-

and

to

have vesitid the schooles of Gemiany,

(of

England

then he had no pleasur, be reassone that the Paipes name

being suppressed, his lawes and corrujitionis remaned in
vigour.)
full

But becaus he had

the cair of

some gentilmenes

childrene,

whome

certane yearis he had nurished in godlynes,

thare fatheris solisted

him

to

go to Sanctandrois, that him-

self mycht have the benefite of the Castell, and thare chil-

drene the benefite of his doctrine

and

so,

(we say,) came he

the tyme foirsaid to the said place, and, having in his cum-

panye Franciss Dowglass of Langnudrye, George his brother,^ and Alexander Cockburne, eldast sone then to the Lard of
Ormestoun,^ begane to exercise thame after his accustomed
1

Pasche, or Easter.

In 1547, this

" to

Lang Nuddrey.")

The mansion-

on the 10th of April. Thus it was upwards of ten months after the Cardinal's death before linox took shelter in the Castle of St. Andrews.
festival fell

house of Long-Niddry " is now known only by a circular moimd, rising a few feet above the ground, containing the subterraneous vaults which were connected with the building."

As

this

notice fixes

the duration of

(Stat. Ace.
it is

Knox's abode within the Castle to less than four months, we may suppose that

Haddington,

p.

184.)

Near
still

the

ruinous Chapel which

bears the

by John Rough, was in the end of May, or early The Castle had been bein June 1547. sieged by the Governor, without any success, from the end of August till December 154G. But the French fleet, to assist the Governor m its reduction, arrived in June 1547, and the Castle beiag again invested both by sea and land, and I'cceiving no expected aid from England, the besieged were forced to capitulate
his vocation to the ministry,

name

of

Jolm Knox's

Kii-k.

Hugh

Douglas, the father of Knox's pupils, Francis and George, was a cadet of the

Douglasses of Dalkeith.

He must have
;

died before the year 1567

as

as his son,
is

Francis Douglas of Langnudry,

tliird

named

in the line of succession to

of Morton, failing his lawful male issue, in the deed of ratification, dated 19th April 1567. (Acta Pari.
Scot. vol.
3
ii.

James Earl

p. 564.)

on the last of July that year. 2 Hugh Douglas of Long-Niddry, in the parish of Gladsmuir, East-Lotliian, about four miles fi-om Tranent. (See
Patten's Expedition, sig.
tice of liis wife,

Alexander Cockbui-n, Knox's puiiil, according to the inscription on a brazen

tablet,

erected to his

memory

in the

aisle of the old

Church of Ormiston, was

ii.

for

when

the English

a nocame

born in the year 1535-6. (Collection of Epitaphs, &c., p. 342, Glasgow, 1834,

186

THE HISTORY OF
Besydis
tliare

Book

I.

maner.

grammare, and other humane authoris,

he redd unto thame a catechisme, a compt whairof he caused

thame geve

publictlie in the parishe

Kirk of Sanctandrois.

He

redd moreover unto thame the Evangell of Johnne, proleft

ceading whare he

at

his

departing from Langnudrye,

;

whare

hefoir his residence

was

and that

lecture he redd in

the chapell, within the Castell, at a certane hour.

Thei of

the place, but especiallie Maister

Rowght, preachear,
gane earnestlie to
ing- "

Henry Balnaves and Johne perceaving the maner of his doctrin, bewith him, that he wold tack the

travaill

preaching place upoun him.

But he

utterlie refuissed, alledge;"

That he wold nott ryne whare God had nott called him

meanyng, that he wold do nothing without a lauchfuU vocatioun.

Wliareupone thei prively among-es thame

selfis

advising,

having with thame in counsall^ Schir David Lyndesay of the

Mont, thei concluded, that thei wold geve a charge to the said
Johnne, and that publictlie by the mouth of thare preachear.

And
ever

so

upoun a certane day, a sermone had

of the electioun

of ministeris.
it

What power

the congregatioun (how small that

or three)

was, passing the

in

nomber of two

had above
of
to

any man,

God

to be,

whome thei supposed and espyed the giftes and how dangerous it was to refuise, and not

hear the voce of such as desyre to be instructed.

12mo; Stat. Ace. Haddington, p. 179.) The following is the inscription alluded
to,

These and

Omnia
fate.

qua; longa, &c., celebrating his

learning,

as

still

extant at Ormiston

" Hie conditur Mag. Axexander CocKBURN, Primogeuitus Joamiis Domini Ormiston et Alisonte Sandilands,

ex preclara familia Calder, qui natus 1535 Post insignem 13 Januarij

:

Linguarum Professionem,
letatis sua3 28, cal. Sept."

Obiit

anno

As Cockbm-n was born

must have died
in 1564.

in 1535-6, he

and lamenting his premature Dempster likewise quotes these lines and another elegy on his death, by Buchanan, (Opera, vol. ii. pp. 106, 120,) and says, that Alexander Cockbm-n, who had spent several years abroad, published various works, of which he had only seen three, the titles of which he specifies but he mistakes the date of his death, in placing it in 1572, and
;

The tablet

re-

his age, as 25.

*

(Hist. Eceles. p. 182.)

forred to also contains Buchanan's lines.

In

MS. G, "

in

cumpany."

1547.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

tlie

187

other headis, (we say,) declaired,

said

Johnne Rowglit,!
Johne Knox, sayTHE FIRST
VOCATIOU^f

preacliear, directed his wordis to the said

ing,
*'

BY NAME Brother, ye shall nott be offended, albeit that I speak I F JOHNK KNOX TO unto yow that which I have in charge, evin from all those PEEACHE.

that ar hear present, which

of his Sone Jesus Christ,
sentlie calles

is

this

In the name of God, and

and

in the

name

of these that pre-

yow by

my

mouth, I charge yow, that ye refuise

not this holy vocatioun, but that as ye tender the glorie of

God, the encrease of Christ his kingdome, the edificatioun of your brethrene, and the conforte of me,
Weill

whome ye

understand

that ye tack
preaching,

yneuch to be oppressed by the multitude of laubouris, upoun yow the publict office and charge of
evin
as

ye looke to avoid Goddis lieavye

Narden

dis-

1 John Rough is said to have been born in 1510. It must have been previous to that date, as his name, " Jo-

m Friesland.

But having come

over to London, he was uiformed against

hannes Rouch," occurs in the second class or division of persons who were
Incorporated in
in the year 1521.
St.

by whose orders he was committed to the flames at Smithfield, on the 22d of December 1557.
to Bishop Bonner,

Leonard's College,

"

An

accoimt of his examination, and

his letters,

tery at Stu-liag,

He entered a monaswhen only seventeen

two of

(says Dr. M'Crie,)

years of age.
acqiiired as

The reputation he had a preacher, induced the Governor to procui'e a dispensation for liim to leave the monastery, and become
one of his chaplains. In the Treasurer's Accounts, February 1542-3, he is called " Maister Johnne Ra, Chaplane to

breathing the true spuit of a Christian Martyr, may be seen in Foxe, p.

1840-41." (Life of Knox, vol. i. pp. Rough's fate is thus commemorated, in a rare poetical tract by Thomas Bryce, entitled " A Compende51, 52, 67.)

ous Register in Metre, conteigiiing the

my

Lord Governour," upon occasion of receaving " ane goim, doublet, hoiss, and bonet." Foxe mentions that Rough visited Rome twice, and was very much shocked with what he witnessed in that city, which he had been taught to I'Cgard as the foimtain of sanctity. He entered the Castle of St. Anch-ews, as

names and pacient suffryngs of the Membres of Jesus Chi'ist and the tormented and cruelly burned within Eng;

land,

since the

death of

oui-

fiimous

Kyng

of immortal

memory, Edwarde

the Sbcte," &c.

London, 1559, 8vo.

[1557.]

December

Knox

states, soon after the Cardinal's slaugh-

When Jhon Roughe, a minister weke. And Margaret Mering, with corage died.
Because Christ onely they did seekc.

ter

but he retired to England before

(See Caldei'i.

the crpitulation in 1547.

With

fier

wood's account of him,

vol.

p. 251.)

When

offeree they must bee fried these in Smithlield were put to

He continued to preach till the death Edward the Sixth when he crossed
;

of
to

death,

Wc

wishte for our Elizabeth.

188
jileasur,

THE HISTORY OF
and desyre that
lie

Book

I.

shall multiplye his graces with

yow."
"

And

in the end,

he said to those that war present,

Was

not this your charge to

me

And

do ye not aj)prove
;

this vocatioun 1"

it."

Thei answered, " It was

and we approve
His

Wliairat the said Johnne^ abashed, byrst furth in moist

tearis,

abundand

and withdrew him

present

self to his chalmer.

till

conteanance and behaveour, fra that day

the day that he

was compelled
hearte
yitt
for

to

him

self to

the publict place of

preaching, did sufficiently declair the greaf and truble of his

;

no

man saw any

to

sign of

myrth of him, neyther

to-

had he pleasur

accumpany any man, many dayis

getther.

The
place,

necessitie that caused

him

to

enter

in
:

the publict

besydis

the vocatioun

Annane,^ (a rottin Papist,)

in his preaching
:

Dean 2 Johne had long trubled Johnne Rowglit

foirsaid,

was

The

said

Johnne Knox had

fortifeid

the

doctrine of the Preachear by his pen,

and had beattin the

BEAN JOHNE Said Dcau Johne from all defences, that he was compelled to ANNAN. fly to his last refuge, that is, to the authoritie of the Church,
" Wliich

authoritie,
;

(said

he,)

damned

all

Luthcrianes and

heretikes

and

tharefoir

he nedith no farther disjDutatioun."

Johne Knox answered, " Befoir we hold our seliis, or that ye can prove us sufficientlie convict, we must defyne the Church,
by the
Christ,
lyclit

notes gevin to us in Goddis Scriptures of the

trew Church.

We

nmst decerne the immaculat spous of Jesus

sj^irituall

frome the Mother of confusioun,

Babylon,

least that imprudentlie

we embrase a
it

harlote instead of the

cheast spous

yea, to speak

in plaine wordes, least that

'

In Vautr.

edit. " edit,

M. lolme."
the

in tlie sentence ijronoimcecl against Sir

In Vautr.

name Annand
is

liaving been omitted, he

spoken of as

Dean John." ^ Dean John Annand was an ecclesiastic of some note. In a decreet arbitral,

"

dated 16th Oct. 1518, as well as

Jolm Borthwick, in 1540, he is styled a Canon of the Metropolitan Church of St. AndreAvs. He became Priacipal of St. Leonard's College in 1544, and he held that office till 1550, when he was succeeded by John Law.

1547.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

selves to Sathan,

189

we submitt our
our
it is

thinking that we subraitt

s^lfis to

Jesus Christ.

For, as for your

Romane

Kirk, as

now

corrupted,

and the authoritie

thairof,

whairin standis
it

the hope of your victorie, I no more dowbt but that

synagog- of Sathan,

is

the

and the head

thairof, called the

Pape, to

be that

man

of syne, of

whome

the Apostle speakis, then that

I doubt that Jesus

Christ suiferred by the procurement of

the visible Kirk of Hierusalem.

Yea, I

oifer

my

selve,

by

the offer

woord or wryte,

to prove the

Romane Church

this

day farther knox"fiLt

Pa p 1ST Is.

degenerat from the puritie which was in the dayis of the unto thk
A2:)0stles,

then was the Church of the Jewes from the ordi-

nance gevin by Moses, when thei consented to the innocent

death of Jesus Christ."

These woordis war spokin in open

audience, in the parishe Kirk of Sanctandrois, after that the

Dean Johne Annane had spokin what it pleasith him, and had refuissed to dispute. The people hearing the offer,
said

cryed with one consent, "

butt

We

can not

all
:

read your writtingis,

we may

all

hear your preaching

Tharefore
lett
;

we requyre
it

yow, in the name of God, that ye will

batioun of
tliat

us hear the pro-

which ye have affirmed

deceaved."

for

yf

be trew,

we have bene miserable

And

so the nixt

Sounday was appointed

to the said Johne,

to expresse his

mynd

in the publict preaching place.

Which
in
the first
i

day approching, the said Johne took the text writtin

Daniel, the sevint chapter,

begynnyng thus

"

And

king
first,

shall rise after

thame, and he shall be unlyik unto the sermon

and he

shall

subdcw three

wordis against the Most Heioh, and

of the Most Heigh,
lawes,

johne kine-es, and shall speak knox maid IN THE TAshall consome the sanctes ^i-^h kirk
-*-

'of
ane other

OF SANCTANDEOl.S.

and think that he may change tymes and

and

thei shalbe gevin into his handis, untill a tyme,

and tymes, and deviding of tymes."

1,

In the begynnyng of his sermon, he schew the great

luif of

God

towardis his Church,

*

whome

it

pleaseth to foir-

In Vautr.

edit.

" preaching."

190

THE HISTORY OP
so

Book
tliei

I.

warne of dangeris to come

pas.
2.

many

yearis befoir

come

to

He

breaveliel entraited the estait of

tlie

Israelitis,
;

who thane war

in bondage in Babylon, for the most parte and maid a schorte discourse of the foure Impyres, the Baby-

loniane, the Persiane, that of the Greakis,

and the fourte of

the

Romanes

in the destructioun whairof, rase

up that
;

last

Beast, which he affirmed to be the

Romane Church
do
all

for to

none other power that ever has

that
it

yitt bein,

the notes

God
;

lies

schawin to the Propheit appertane, except to

it

allone

and unto

thei do so proj)irlie apperteane, that

such as ar not more then blynd,

3.

may

clearlie

see

thame.
the

But

befoir

he begane to

oj)in

the corruptionis of

Papistrie,
it,

he defyned the trew Kirk, scliew the trew notes of

it it

whairupoun

was buylded, why

it

was the

pillare of
it

veritie,

and why

could nott err, to witt, " Becaus

heard

the voce of the awin pastor, Jesus Christ, wold not hear a
strangere, nether yitt Avoid be caryed about with everie

kynd

of doctrin."

Eveiy ane of these headis

to the contrar
;

sufficientlie declared,

he entered
he

and upoun the notes gevin

in the

in his text,

New Testament gave to God " the Man of Syn," " the Antithis king other names,^ to witt, christ," " the Hoore of Babylon." He schew, that this man of
schew that the Spreit of
syn, or Antichrist,

any one man

onlie,

was not to be restreaned to the person of no more then by the fourte beast was to

be understand the persone of any one Emperour.

But by

sic

meanest the Spreat of God wold

not only be synefull
sioun of syne to
Christ Jesus
is

fore warne his cliosyn of a

body and a multitud, having a wicked head, which should

him

self,

butt that also should be occa-

all

that

should be subject unto him, (as

all

cans of justice to

the membres of his body

is

;)

and
'

is

called the Antichrist, that

to say, one contrare to

In Vautr.
In Vautr.

edit. " briefly."

edit.

"

lu

MS. 6,

" names."

" other

new names."

1547.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

ho
is

191
doctrin,

Christ, becaus that

contrare to

him
all

in

lyeif,

lawes,

and

subjectes.

And
tliare

thane begane he to dissiphcr the

the scheavelynges

lyves of diverse Papes,

for the

and the lyves of

doctrine

most parte

proved to repugne directlye

and lawes he plainelie to the doctrin and lawes of God

This he proved

the Father, and of Christ Jesus his Sone.

by conferring the doctrin of justificatioun, expressed in the ;" Scriptures, which teach that man is " justified by faith only
" that the blood of Jesus Christ j)urges us from all our synnes ;"

and the doctrin of the Papistes, which attributeth

iustifica-

^^^'^'^''^

bfi

tioun to the werkis of the law, yea, to the workis of manis

inventioun, a pilgremage, pardonis, and otheris sic baggage.

g^'r^I^^

is

^^*'"-

That the Papisticall lawes repugned to the lawes of the

Evangell,
dayis,

he proved by the lawis maid of observatioun of

absteanyng from meattis, and frome mariage, which

;

and the forbidding whereof, Sanct Christ Jesus maid free Paule called " the doctrin of devillis." In handilling the notes
of that Beast gevin in the text, he willed men to considder '^^ GREAT yf these notes, " Thare shall ane arise unlyk to the other, THE OORDIS
WHICH THE heaving a mouth speaking great thinges and blasphemous, ANTICHRIST

could be applyed to any other, but to the Pape and his king-

SPEAKITH.

dome
'

for

" yf these, (said he,) be not great woordis

'

and
that

blasphemous,
the

the Successor of Petir,'

'

'

the Vicare of Christ,"

'

Head
;'

of the Kirk,'
;'

most

holy,'

most

blessed,'

'

can not err

rycht
'

that
'

that

of

may maik rycht of wrong, and wrong of nothing, may mak somewhat and that
'

;'

hath

all

veritie in the
all,

schryne of his breast

:'

;'

yea,
'

'

that

hes power of

and none power of him

Nay,

not to

say that he dois wrong,

millioun of saules with
he,)

althought he draw ten thowsand

self to

him

helL'

Yf

these,

(said

and many
never
yitt,

other, able to

be schawin in his awin Canthe

none Law, be not great and blasphemous woordis, and such

as

mortall
(said

man
is

spak

befoir,

lett

world judge.
of
all,

And

he,)

thare one most

evident

to

192
wit, Jolinne, in

THE HISTORY OF
his

Book
'

I.

Revelatioun, sayis,

That the merchanthe verray

deise

of that

Babjloniane harlot, amonges otheris thingis,

shalbe the hodyes and saules of

men/

Now,

lett

Papistes thame

selfis

judge, yf ever any befoir

to relax the paines of

upoun thame power

do,

thame took thame that war

other

in Purgatorie, as thei aiRrme to the peoj)le that daily thei

by the merites of thare Messe,

In the end he
said,

and of thare
here,

trifilles."

"

Yf any

(and thare

war present Maister Johne Mayre,i the Universitie, the Suppriour,2 and many Channonis, with some Freiris of boyth the
ordouris,) that will say,

That I have alledgeid Scripture, doc-

otherw;)ase then it is writtin, lett thame tour, come unto me with sufficient Avitness, and by conference I shall lett thame see, not onlye the originall whare my testior historye,

monyes ar

writtin, but I shall prove, that the wrettaris

ment

as I have spokin."

Of maid

this semion,

which was the

first

that ever Johne

bruyttis.

Knox
said,

in

publict,

was thare

diverse

Some

" Otheris sned^ the branches of the Papistrie, but he stiyckis

at the roote, to destroy the hole."
touris,

Otheris said, "

Yf

the doc-

and Magistri
which

nostri,

defend nott

now

the Pape and his

is

authoritie,

in

thare awin presence

so

manifestlie

impugned, the Devill have

boyth."
plainelye,

my parte of him, and of his lawes Otheris said, " Maister George Wishart spak never so
and
yitt

he was brunt

evin so will he be."

In the
his

end, otheris said, "

The tyranny

of the Cardinall

maid nott

cause the bettir, nether yitt the sufferring of Goddis servand

maid

his cause the worse.

And

tharefoir

we wold

counsall

yow and thame,

1

to

provide bettir defenses then f^Te and

theologia, annosi, grandcevi, et debiles,

Or Major

(see note 2,

He was born
at
tills

in 1469,

page 37.) and consequently

in 1549,

comparuerunt
(Wilkins,

per

prociiratores."
iv.

time was far advanced in years.

Concil., vol.

p. 46.)

He

At the Proviacial Council held

"

died in 1550.
^.John
^

M.

Johannes Mayr, decanus facultatis

Universitatis

Wynrame

see note,

page 150.
;"

theologicte
drei, et

Sancti

An-

In Vautr.

edit. "

others

hewed

in

Martiuus Balfour, Doctores in

MS. G,

" utheris hued."

1547.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

;

193

sweard

for

it

may
cj^'es

Ite

tliat

ollis

ye wilbe disapointed

men

now

liavc other

then thei had than."

This answer gave

in religioun.

the Lard of Nydie,i a

man

fervent

and upiycht

Tlie bastard Bischope,

who

yit

was not execrated, (conse-

crated 2

who

tliei call it,) wrait to the Suppriour of Sanctandrois, (Sede vacante) was Vicare Generall, " That he Avondered

that he sufferred sic hereticall and schismaticall doctrin to

be tawght, and nott to oppone him self to the same."

this rebuck,
fcindis

Upoun

was a conventioun of Gray Freiris and Blak

with
the
said

appointed,
in

Suppriour

Dean Johnne
first
;

Wynrame,
called

Sanct Leonardis yardis, whareunto was

Johne Rowght, and certane Articles redd unto him

was Johnne Knox
called
for.

and

thairafter

The cans

of
;

thare conventioun, and Avhy that thei Avar called, was exponed

and the Articles

I.

Avar read, Avhich Avar these

No

mortall

man

can be

tlie

head of the Church.

title

In MS. G, "
to

referred

Nydie,
in the

Nydre." The person was James Forsyth of who had a charter of the

of his Accoimts,

commencing

1st

October 1546, and rendered on the IGth of September 1550, he is styled Archbishop of St. Andrews.
fore

salmon fishings pertaining to the King, water of Edyn, in Fyfc, 2.5th

Se^jtember 1541.

He may

there-

The name of James

Forsyth of Nydie in the regality of St. Andrews, between 1533 and 1552, occurs in an old Rental book belongmg to
the City of St. Andrews.

have been promoted to the Primacy but he was not inin October 1546 ducted until the year 1549. This date is fixed by the Archbishop himself, in
;

One

of his

descendants was Alexander

Forsyth,

a deed, 31st March 1558, as "the 12tli year of our Consecration, and the 9th of our Translation to the Primacy."
(Lyon's Hist, of St. Andrews, vol.
p. 262.)
ii.

who was
in

served heir of his fatlier .James

Forsyth, in the lands of Nydie Easter,

the regality of St. Andrews, 16th
^

1G34. (Retours, Fife, No. 142.) John Hamilton, Abbot of Paisley, as already stated, was appointed High
April

Keith has shown that Hamilton, who had been presented to the See of Dunkeld on the death of George
Crichton, in

January 1543-4, was not

In like manner

consecrated until 1545, or more probably

the beginning of 1546.

Treasurer in 1543, when Kirkaldy of Gi-ange was superseded. The Abbot's

Accounts, under his designation of Bishop of Dunkeld, were rendered on the 1st October 1540, having commenced 13th August 1543. In the

he continued to be styled John Bishop of Dunkeld, until flie 14th June 1549
;

immediately after which date his translation to St. Andrews no doubt took

place. (Catal. of Bishops, pp.

38, 90.)

VOL.

I.

194
Tlie

THE HISTORY OF
Pape
is

Book
is

I.

II.

ane Antichrist, and so

no member of

Christis misticall body.

III.

Man may

nether maik nor devise a religioun that

:

is

acceptable to

God

butt

man
is

is

bound

to observe

and keap

the religioun that fra

God

receaved, without chopping or

changeing
IV.

thairof.

The Sacramentis of the New Testament audit to be ministred as thei war institut by Christ Jesus, and practised by his Apostles nothing awght to be added unto thame
:

nothing awght to be diminished from thame.

The Messe is abominable idolatrie, blasphemous to the death of Christ, and a prophanatioun of the Lordis Suppar.
V.
VI.

Thare

is

no Purgatorie, in the which the saules of

:

men

can eyther be pyned or purged after this lyef

restis

butt heavin

to

the faythfull, and hell to the reprobat and un-

thankfull.l
VII.

Praying for the dead

is

vane, and to the dead

is

ido-

latrie.
VIII.

Thare
selfis,

is

no Bischoppes, except thei preach evin by

thame
IX.

without any substitut.

The

teindis

by Goddis law do not apperteane of

necessi-

tie to

the Kirk-men.
strangeness, (said the Suppriour,) of these Articles,
doctrin,

"

The

which ar gaddered furth of your

call

have moved us to

for you, to hear your awin answeres."

John Knox

said,

" I, for

my

parte, praise

my God

that I see so honorable,

and

appearandlye so modest and qwyet ane auditure.

caus
is
it is

But be-

long since that I have heard, that ye ar one that

not ignorant of the treuth, I

of God, yea,

man

crave of yow, in the

befoir that

name

and I appell your conscience

Suppreme Judge, that yf ye think any Article thare expressed

contrarious unto the treuth of God, that ye oppone your self
In MS. G, " imfaythfull."

1547.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

it,

195

plainelie unto

and

sutler nott the people to

be tliarewitli
the doc;

deceaved.
trin to
that,

But, and yf in your conscience ye

will I crave

knaw

be trew, then

your patrocinye thareto

by your

authoritie, the people

to beleve the trewth,

may be moved the rather whareof many dowbtes be reassone of

" I

our yowght."!

The Suppriour answered,

but only familiarlie to talk nor condempne
; ;

came nott hear

I will reassone.

as a judge,

and
list,

tharefore, I will nether allow

butt yf ye

Why may

nott the Kirk, (said he,) for good causes, devise Ceremonies
to decore the Sacramentis,

and other Goddis

sei-vice

V
and

" Becaus the Kirk

JoHNE Knox. awght to do nothing, butt

;

in fayth,

awght not

to go befoir

but

is

bound

to follow the voce of

the trew Pastor."

The Suppriour.
" It
is

in fayth that the ceremonyes ar

commanded, and
;

thei

have proper significationis to help our fayth

as the hardis in

Baptisme

signifie

the rowchnes of the law, and the oyle the

softnes of Goddis

mercy

and lyikwyese, everie ane of the and

tharefoir

ceremonyes has a godly significatioun,

thei

boyth procead frome fayth, and ar done into faith."

JoHNE Knox.
" It
is it

not yneucht that

man

invent a ceremony e, and then

geve

a significatioun, according to his pleasur.

Gentiles,

For so

mycht the ceremonyes of the

thing procead frome fayth,
the assurance
;

and

this

day the

ceremonyes of Mahomeit, be manteaned.

it

But yf that any

man have
'

the Avord of

God

for

for

ye ar nott ignorant,

That fayth cumis by

Now, yf ye will prove that your ceremonyes procead from fayth, and do jjleas
hearing, and hearing

by the word of God.'

God, ye
1

man
as in

prove that
MS. G,
&c., "

God

in expressed wordis hes

com-

That

is,

our youth

;"

Vautr.

edit,

has " your thoughtes."

196

THE HISTORY OF
tliame
:

Book

I.

manded

Or

ellis

shall

ye never prove, That thei pro-

ceid from fayth, nor yitt that thei please

God

hut that thei

ar synne,
Apostill,
'

and do displease him, according

Wliatsoever
is

to the wordis of the

nott of fayth

is

synne/

"

" Will

ye bynd

lis

so strait, that

the expresse word of

The Suppriouk, we may do nothing without God ? Wliat and I ask a diynk ? think
!

ye that I synne

and

yitt I

have nott Goddis word

for

me."

This answer gave he, as mycht appear, to schift ower the

argument upon the Freare, as that he

did.

JoHNE Knox.
" I

wald we should not jest in

so grave a

mater

nether

wold I that ye should begyn to

trie
;

illud the

trewth with sophis-

and yf ye

do, I will defend

me

the best that I can.

And

first,

to your drinking, I say, that yf ye eyther eat or dr;)aik

without assurance of Goddis worde, that in so doing ye displease God,

and ye synne into your verray eatting and drynkFor sayis nott the Apostle, speaking evin of meatt and ing. drynk, That the creatures ar sanctifeid unto man, evin by the
'

word and by

prayer.'

clean to the clean,'

All thingis ar The word is this thus much of let me hear &c. Now,
' :

your ceremonyes, and

I sail

geve you the argument

hot I

wonder that ye compare thingis prophane and holy thingis The questioun wes not, nor is nott so indiscreatlie togetther.
of

meat
;

or drynk, whairinto the

is

kingdome

of

God

consistis

nott

butt the questioun

of Goddis trew warschij)ing, Avith-

we can have no societie with God. And, hear it is dowbted, yf we may tack the same fredome in the using of Christis Sacramentis, that we may do in eatting and drynking. One meat I may eatt, another I may refuise, and
out the quhilk
that without scrupill of conscience.

ane other, evin as

oft as I please.
?

may change ane with Wliither may we do the

I

same

in materis of religioun

May we

cast

away what we

1547.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.
?

197

please,

and reteane what we please

Yf

be weill remem-

bred, Moses, in the

'

name

of God, sayis to the people of Israeli,

All that the Lord thy

to the

God commandis
:

thee to do, that do

to
it
;

thow

Lord thy God

it/

add nothing
I,

diminyshe

nothing from

Be

this rewill, think

that the Kirk of

Christ will measur Goddis religioun, and not

by that which

seames good in thare awin

eis."

The Supprioue.
" Forgeve

me

spak

it

but in mowes, and I was dry.

now. Father, (said he to the Freir,) follow the argument.

have heard what

agane."

have

said,

and what

is

answered

And Ye unto me

Arbuckill Gray-Freir.i
" I shall

prove plainlye that

Ceremonyes ar ordcyned by

God."

JoHNE Knox.
"

Such as God

lies

ordeyned we allow, and with reverence

is

we use thame.
iiott

But the questioun

as,

of those that

God

lies

ordeyned, such
it

in Baptisme, ar spattill, salt, candill,

cald,) hardis, oyle,

cuide, (except

be to keap the barne from

and the

rest of the Papisticall inventionis."

Arbuckill.
" I will evin

prove these that ye

dampne

to be ordeyned of

God."

JoHNE Knox.
"

The pruif thareof

wald glaidly hear."

Arbuckill.

" Sayis

not Sanct Paule,

'

That another fundatioun then

" in

This Friar

lied

may probably be identiwith Alexander Arbuckylle, whose

in the list of

1525.

Pedagogic," at St. Antb-ews, in There was a Franciscan Monas-

name appears

Determi-

nants, in the foui-th class (4"" act\is)

tery of Observantincs at St. Andrews, to which he doubtless belonged.

198

THE HISTORY OF
may no man
lay/

Book

I.

Jesus Christ

But upone
;

this fundatioun

some buyld,

gold, silver,

and pretious stones and precious

some hay,

stuble,

and wood.
nott

The

gold, sylver,

stones, ar the Cerefyre,

monyes of the Church, which do abyd the

away/
This place of Scripture
is

and consumes

most plaine," (sayis the

foolish Feind.)

JoHNE Knox.
" I prayse

my

God, throwght Jesus Christ, for I fynd his

stable.

promeis suyre, trew, and

fear,

Christ Jesus biddis us

'

Nott

when we
;'

shalbe called befoir men, to geve confessioun

for

of his trewth

he premisses,

'

that

it

salbe gevin unto us in

that hour, what

we

shall speak.'

Yf

had sowglit the hole

for

Scripturis, I could not

have produced a place more propir

to confound yow.

my

purpose, nor
:

more potent

Now
to

to your

argument
silver,

The Ceremonyes of the Kirk, (say and pretious stonis, becaus thei ar able
wold learne of yow, what fyre
?

ye,) ar gold,

abyd the
that ye

fyre

but, I

is

it

which your
till

Ceremonies does abyd

And

in the

meantyme,
text.

be advised to answer, I will schaw

my mynd, and make

And

ane
I

argument against
say, that I

youris,

upoun the same

first,

have heard this text adduced,

for a pruf of Pur-

gatorie

but for defence of Ceremonies, I never heard, nor

it.

yitt red

But omitting whetther ye understand the mynd

of the Apostill or nott, I maik

my

alignment,

and

say.

That
:

which

may abyd

the fyre,

may abyd

the word of

God

But

your Ceremonies

may

not abyd the word of

;

God

Ergo, Thei
fyre,

may

not abyd the fyre

and yf they may not abyd the

silver,

Now, yf ye find any ambiguitie in this terme, Fyre, Avhich I interpret

nor precious stones.
to

then ar they not gold,

be xhe

Avoord,

thingis buylded

fynd ye me ane other fyre, by the which upoun Christ Jesus should be tryed then

God and
fyre,

his woord, Avhich both in the Scriptures ar called

I shall correct

and

my

argument."

1547.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

Arbuckill.

199

" I stand nott tliairupoun

but I deny your Minor, to wit,

tlie

that

our Ceremonies

may

not abyd

tryall

of

Goddis

woord.''

JoHNE Knox.
" I prove, that abydis not the tryall of Goddis word,

Goddis

word condempnes
:

your Ceremonies

which But Goddis word condempnes Therefor thei do not abyd the tryall thairof
:

But as the theaf abydis the

is

tryall of the inqueist,

and tharby
in to

oPT/AtA

condempned

to

be hanged, evin so Goddis word

;

may

your ceremonies

abyd the

tryall of

but not

ellis.

few wordis to maik plane that wharein ye

And now, may seme

dowbt, to wit, That Goddis woord damnes your Ceremonies,

it

is

evident
is,
'

for the plaine

and

strate

commandiment

of
dkuik.

Not that thing which appearis good in thy eis, shalt thow do to the Lord thy God, but what the Lord thy God lies commanded thee, that do thow add nothing to it
:

God

diminish nothing from

prove that

it.'

Now

onless that ye be able to

this his

God

lies

commanded your Ceremonies,

formar commandiment will dampne boytli yow and thame."

The

Freir,

somewhat abased i what

first to

answer, whill he
;

wanderis about in the myst, he

alledgeing that
affirmed,

falles in

a fowll myre

for

we may

nott be so

bound

to the Avoord,

he

"

That the Apostles had not receaved the Holy

thei did wryte thare Epistles
;

Ghost,

when

but

after,

thei

receaved him, and then thei did ordeyn the Ceremonies."

(Few wold have thought, that

gevin so foolishe ane answer
;

so learned a

man wold have

trew as

and

yitt it is evin as

he bayre a gray
startc,

cowll.)

Joline Knox, hearing the answer,

and
and

said, "
I

Yf
I

that be trew, I have long bein in ane

shall

crrour,

think

dye

thairintill."

The Suppriour

'

Lu MS. G, and in Vautr.

edit.,

" abashed."

200
said to liim,
affinnc that
;

THE HISTORY OF
" Father,

Book

I.

what say ye

God

forbide that ye

for

then fayre weall the ground of our fayth/'

best schift that he could to
be.

The Freir astonyed, made the

correct his fall
;l

but

it

wold not

him

oft

agane to the ground of the argument

Johne Knox brought but he wold

:

never answer directlie, but ever fled to the authoritie of the

Kyrk.
"

Wliairto the said

Johnne answered

ofter

then ones,

That the spous of Christ had nether power nor authoritie

against the

word of God."
na Kirk."

Then

said the Freir, "

(said the

Yf

so be,

ye

will leave us

" Indead,

other,) in

David
he
have,

I read that tliare is a church of the malignantis, for

sayis,

Odi ecclesiam malignantium.

That church ye

may

without the word, and doing

many
Of

thingis

directly

feghtting against the word of God.

wilbe,
I

that clnirch yf ye

can not impead^ yow.

Bott as for me, I wilbe of

none other church, except of that which hath Christ Jesus

to

be pastor, which

licaris

his voce,

and

will nott

hear a

strangeir."

In this Disputatioun
skooft ower
FREIR AR;3

many

other

thingis

war merealy
pruf, but the

for the Freir, after his

fall,

could speak nothing

to a purpose.

For Purgatorie he had no better

Vergilc

PRUF FOR rURGATORYK.

authoritie oi

his
evill

sext iEneidos
Avyfi".

and the panes

did witness in

thareof to

/.

him was ane

How
him

Johne Knox anself

swered that, and

many

other thingis,

a treatise that he wrate in the gallayis, conteanyng the some

of his doctrin, and Confessioun of his fayth,^ and send
his familiaris in Scotland
;

it

to

with his exhortatioun, that thei

In MS. G, " his fault." In Vauti*.

In Vautr.
edit. " liinder." edit.

known
of
it

to be prcsorvecl. The substance was probably embodied in some of

" were merily skoft

his subsequent writings.

Knox

might,

ower."
* The Treatise which Knox wrote on board the French galley, containing a. Confession of his Faith, and wliich he

however, have had some reference to the

Epistle which he addressed to his bre-

thren in Scotland, in 1548, in connexion

with Balnaves's Confession, or treatise

sent to his friends in Scotland,

is

not

on Justification, (see subsequent note.)

1547.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

contine\y in

201
professed,

sliould

the trewtli, which

tlici

had

uochtwithstanding any worldly adversitie that mycht ensew

thareof.

Tlius

much

of that Disputatioun have

'-

we

inserted

'^"^ ^-^^^ OF THE IX-

hear, to the intent that

men may
;

see,

travellis to obscure the lyght

and

yitt

how that Sathan ever how God by his power,

and
dis-

Tm.fi'^fsru
'^^'r'"N-

wyrking in his weak

closes his darkness.

veschellis, confoundis his craft,

After

this,

the Papistes nor Frcaris had not great heart of

;

farther disputatioun or reassonyng

schift,
this.
sitie,

butt invented ane other

;

which appeared
Evcrie learned

to proceid

frome godlynes

and

it

was
'^"^
^'*-*^'"

man

in the

Abbay, and

in the Univer-

should preach in the parishe kirk his Sonday about. THARE

TISE OF I'APISTIS THAT

The Suppriour began, followed the

thare ranckes.

WICKIDNES OfSciall called Spittall,! SHOULD NOT

BE DISCLOSall

(sermones penned to offend no man,) followed

the rest in
craft,

ed,

And

so

Johne Knox smclled out the

and

in his semionis,

which he maid upone the

als
it,

Weak

dayis,

he prayed to God, that thei should be

busye in preaching

when thare should be more myster of

" Allwyisc,

then thare was then.

is

(said

he,)

I
is

praise

God, that Christ Jesus

preached, and nothing

^

said publictlic against the doctrin

the absence thei shall speak any thing, 1 07
./

ye have heard.

Yf
till

in

my ^
it

protes

xATIOUN
'^

which in

my

presence thei do nott, I protest that ye suspend

that
his

'''"^^

your judgement

please

God ye hear me
and
so

agane."
blessed
his

God
great

so

assisted

weak

soldeour,

laubouris, that not onlye all those of the Castcll, but also a

nomber of the toune, openlie

professed,

by

participa-

tioun of the Lordis Table, in the same puritie that

now

it is

Mr. John

Sjaittal,

Official Priiicipal

Sancti Aiulrec
Aprilis 1547;

Principalis,"

&c.,

24

of St. Andrews, held the office of Rector of the Universiity, from 1547 to 1550. " Liber

and on the 20th Febru-

In

the

I'rincipalis,"

Andree from which extracts were

Officialis

S.

ary 1548-9, he has the additional title of Provost of the Collegiate Chm-cli of St. Mary in the Fields, near Eilinburgh

printed for the Abbotsford Club, Edinb.

1845, 4to,
liis

" Propositus
Concilia, vol.

Ecclcsie Collegiate diui

name

occasionally occui-s:

thus," Joannes Spittal a Niuibus rector, in utroque Jure Licentiatus, Officialis

Virginia Marie de Campis prope Edinburgh," (pp. 97, 101. 112; Wilkins.
iv. p.

J'')

202

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

ministrat in the ohurches of Scotland,

trin,

that he

had taught unto thame.

rewillis,

wyth that same docAmongis whome was

he that now eyther

or ellis misrewillis Scotland, to

MAISTEB wit, Schir James Balfour, (sometymes called Maister James,i) JAMES BALFOUR ANES the cheaf and principall Protestant that then was to be found JOYNED WITH THE in this realme. This we wryte, becaus we have heard that
CHURCH, AND DID PROFESSE

the said Maister James alledgeis, that he was never of this

ALL DOCTRINE

our religioun

but that he was brought up in Martinets 2

TAWGHT
BE JOHNE KNOX.

opinioun of the Sacrament, and tharefoir he can nott com-

municat with

us.

But

his

awin conscience, and two hundreth

;

witness besydes,

know

that he lyes

and that he was ane of

the cheaiF, (yf he had not bein after Coppis,) that wold have

gevin his

lyef,

yf

men mycht

credite his wordis, for defence

of the doctrin that

albeit, that

the said Johnne

Knox
(as
selfis
is

tawght.

But

those that never war of us,

none of Monto be,)

depai-te

quhanye's sones have schawin thame

from

us, it is

no great wonder

for
;

it

propir
lett

and naturall

that the children follow the father

and
;3

the godly levar

of that rase and progeny be schawen

for

yf in thame be

eather fear of God, or luf of vertew, farther then the present

commoditie persuades thame,

THE RAGE OF THE

men

of judgement ar deceaved.

Butt to returne to our Historye.

MARKED
BEASTIS

AT THE PREACHING that OF THE

TREUTH.
1

The Preastis and Bischoppis, enraged at these proceadingis, war in Sanctandrois, ran now upoun the Governour, now
Sir

James Balfour
is

of Pittendreicli,

appointed

Official

of Lothian,

by the

eldest son of Balfoiir of Montqulianie,

(see before, p. 183,)

styled

by PrinciHaving

pal Robertson, and not unjustly, as "the

most corrupt man of his age."

joined the conspirators at St. Andrews,

Archbishop of St. Andrews. (Hist. p. At a subsequent time, when 90.) raised to the bench, he took his seat imder the title of Parson of Flisk. 2 That is, Martin Luther's.

he was, when the Castle was siu-rendered to the French, sent on board the

same galley with Knox.

According to

Spotiswood, he obtained Ms freedom before the other prisoners were released,

MS. G, " lat the godlie bewar of and progeny." So in Vautr. edit., with this adtlition, " progenie by eschewing." The obvious meaning of
3

Li

that race

the words

is,

" let the person of that

by abjuring

his profession

upon

liis

return to

and Scotland, he was

;

race

who

lives

godly be shown."

1547.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

203

upoun the Queue, now upoun the hole Counsall, and thare mycht have been hard complainctes and cryes, " What ar we
doing?
Shall ye suffer this hole realme to be infected with

pernicious doctrin

? Fy upoun yow, and fy upoun us." The Quein and Monsieur Dosell,i (who then was a secretis muli-

erum
"^

in the Courte,) conforted thame,

and willed tliame

it

to

be

so "^"^ '""^'^ CUMING Junij, ; galIyes appeared in the sight of the Castell of Sanctandrois twenty ^^^ ^'^"

quyet, for thei should see A

'

remeady
"^

or

was

lone-. O

And

was provin

in

dead

for

upoun the penult day of

ane Frcnche galayis, with a skeife of an army,2 the lyik

whairof was never sein in that Fyrth befoir.
<^

This treassonJ J

''"^ trea-

SONABLE
'^'"'

the Quein, meane had the Governour, the Bischope, and -V X Monsieur Dosell, under the Appointment drawin. Bot to excuse thare treasone, viij dayis befoir, thei had presented ane absolutioun unto thame, as sent from Rome, conteanyng,
able
'

l^Zl,^^ GOVERNOUR

QUEi^ifow^^^^'

after the aggravatioun of the cryme, this clause,

Irremissihile, that
is.

Remittimus

We

remitt the cryme that can nott be

remitted.

Wliich considdered by the worst of the company^

swer'^gevin

that was in the Castell, answer was gevin, " That the Gover-

nour and Counsall of the Realme had promissed unto thame

a sufficient and assured absolutioun, which that appeared nott
to be
;

vERN(fuR

castell op SANCTANdrol?

and tharefor could thei nott deliver the house, nether

.

was

REQUIRED

tliouo-ht thei that

^ _

any reassonable man wald requyre thame "^ *'

_

to be deLIVERED.

SO to do, considering that promeis

was nott keapt unto thame."

anyved, thei summoned

The nixt day,

after that the galayis

the hous, which being denyed, (becaus thei

knew thame no
And,
first

magistrattis in Scotland,) thei prepared for seage.

thei

beganc to assalt by

sey,

and schote two

to

dayis.

Bott

^ The Sieur d' Oysel, was the French Ambassador. He was present at the Parliament held at Haddington, 7th July l'>48. The thanks of the Scotish Parliament were voted to Monsieur D'Oysel, on the 1st of February 1551,

his

departure
ii.

for

France.

(Acta

Pari. Scot, vol

p. 489.)

" In jMS. G, and in Vautr. edit., " with a great armic." ^ J^ jjg q^ u ^j^^, nuiist of the coui-

pany."

for his services in Scotland, previously

204
thairof
tliei

THE HISTORY OP
nether gat advantage nor liononr
;

Book
for thei

I.

dang

the sclattis of houssis, hut neyther slew man, nor did harme
to
THE GUNNARRIS
GODDESS.

any

wall.

But the Castell handilled thame

of tliare rowaris,

so,

that Sancta
;

Barbara, (the gunnaris goddess,) helped thame nothing

thei lost

for

many

men

chained in the galayis,

and some

soldeouris,

bayth hy sea and land.

rest,

And
so

farther,

galay that ajiproched neyar then the

was

doung with

the cannoun and other ordinance, that she was stopped under
watter,

and

so almost drowned,

and

so

had

bein,

war nott
first

that the rest gave hir succourse in tyme, and drew hir
to the west sandis, without the scliot of the Castell,
eftir to

and

tliair-

Dondye, whare thei remaned,

till

that the Grovernour,

who then was

at the seige of Langhope,!

with the rest of the French factioun.

The

came unto thame, seige by land was

xviiij

confirmed about the Castell of Sanctandrois, the

Julij.

day of

The trenchess war

cast

ordinance was jDlanted upoun

the
yitt
tliat

Abbay

Kirk, and upoun Sanct Salvatouris Colledge, and

;

was the steaple thairof brunt

which

so

noyed the

Castell,

neyther could thei keape thare blok-houssis, the Sea-tour

;

head, nor the west wall

slaine

for in all these places

war men

by great ordinance.

Yea, thei monted the ordinance

thei

so height

upoun the Abbay Kirk, that

mycht discover

the ground of the close 2 in diverse places.

Moreover, within

the Castell was the pest,^ (and diverse thairin dyed,) which

more
THE SENTENCE OF JOHNE for

effi'ayed

some that was

thairin,

then did the externall

force without.

he ever

said, "

But Joline Knox was of ane other judgement, That thare corrupt lyef could nott eschape
;"

KNOX

TO

punishment of God
ment, fra the tyme

and that was his continuall advertis-

THE CASTELL OF
SANCTANDROIS BEFOIR IT

that he was called to preache.

victorie,

When

thei

triumphed of thare

(the

first

twenty dayis thei had

WAS WON.

many

prosperous chances,) he lamented, and ever said, " Thei

In Vautr. edit. " coui't."

^ Langhope, a castle on the Borders, belonging to Lord Maxwell, which the

^ '

In Vautr.

edit. " plague."'

English had obtained possession

of.

1547.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

205

aw not what he saw."

thicknes of thare walles,
schellis."

Wlien thei bragged of the force and

lie said,

"

Thei should be butt

will

eggc-'^

When

thei vanted, "

England
;

reskew us," he

said,

"

Ye

shall not see

thame

but ye slialbc delivered in

your ennemyis handis, and shalbe caryed to anc strange

countrey.''

Upone the penult

nons
royall, called

of Julij,^ at nycht, Avas the ordinance

;

planted for the battery

xiiij

cannons, whareof four was can-

double cannons, besydis other peices.

iiij

The
foir

battery begane att

houris in the
liaill

mornyng, and befoir ten

houris of the day, the

sowth qwarter, betuix the

tour and the East blok-house, was

maid

saltable.
it,

The lawer

transe Avas condempned, diverse slane into

and the East

blok-house was scliote of fra the rest of the place, betuix ten
houris and ellevin.

Thare

fell

a schour of rane, that con-

tinewed neir ane hour, the lyek wharof had seldom bein sein
It

was

so

vehement, that no

man mycht abyd without

Some within

a house

The cannounes war

of judgement, that

left allonc.

the Castell war

all

men

should have ished, and putt

in

the handis of God.

commonyngS

Avith the

But becaus that Williame Kirkcaldy Avaa Priour of Cappua,^ A\^ho had the comso Avas

J^^p^^va"

missioun of that jorney from the King of France, nothing

Avas interprysed.

And

appointment maid, and the

last of Julij.

Castell randered

upone Setterday, the

AA^ar
;

The headis of the Appointment

Avithin the Castell should
tish
;

"

That the

lyefis of all

be saved,
saiflie

alsAveall Engliss as Scot;

That thei should be

transported to France

and

in case that,

upoun conditionis that by the King of France

and frcdome
thare, thei should,
Pi-ior of

should be offerred unto thame, thei could nott be content to

rcmane
'

in service

upoun the

In the MS. " age."

In Vautr. edit.

'

In

"The xxix of July." Vautr. edit. " comming Avith the

Strozzi,

the galleys of France.

Capua, and Captain-General of His brother,

Peter

Strozzi,

was

Captain
to

of

the

Priour," &c.
*

French galleys wliich came

a Knight of Malta,
in 1-549.

Scotland

Leon

206
THE
CAS-

THE HISTORY OF
saiflie

Book

I.

"King of France exjDenssis, be

i]^q[ -^yoi(j

conveyed to what contrey

sANCTAN. DEOIS RE FUISED IN

requyre, other then Scotland,"

Wyth

the Governour

THAEE

thai

wold have nothing ado, neyther

;

yitt

with any Scottishe

GREATEST EXTEEMITIE TO APPOINT WITH said THE GOTERNouE?"'^''"

man

for thei

had

all

tratorouslye betrayed them, " Which,"

the Lard of Grange eldar, (a

man

sempill,

and of most
it,

stout corage,) " I

am

assured

God

shall revenge

or

it

be

long."

The

galayes, weall funiessed with the spoyle of the Castell

foirsaid, after certane dayis,

returned to France

and eschapall

ing a great danger, (for upon the back of the sandis thei
j'o.fI^at JAMES BAL

schopped,) thei arryved

first

at

Fekcam,i and thareafter past

befoir

FOUR WAS FLEYED

YNEUCH.

up the watter of Sequane,^ and lay

the principall gentilmen,

Rowane

who looked

for fredome,

whare war dis;

The rest war left in the galayis, and thare miserable entreated, amonges whome the foirsaid Maister James Balfour was, with his two brethrein, David and Gilbert, men without God. Which we wryt, becaus that we hear, that the said Maister James, principall mysgydar now of Scotland, denyes that he had any thing to do with the Castell of Sanctandrois, or yet that ever he was in the galayis.
persed and putt in syndrie preasonis.

Then was the joy

evin
in
:

of the Papistis boyth of Scotland

;

and France
tri-

full

perfectioun

for this

was thare song of

umphe

Preastis content

yow now

Preastis content
lies filled

yow now

For Normond and his cumpany

the galayis fow.

so

The Pope wrote

for the tacking

his letters to the

King of France, and

did he to the Governour of Scotland, thanking thame hartlie

panes to revenge the death of his kynd crea;

ture, the Cardinall of Scotland

" Fel^ In MS. G, Vaiitr. edit., &c., cam." That is, the vessels arrived at Fecamp, a sea-port of Normandy, about half-way between Dieppe and Havre. " The water of Sequane, or the river

desyring thame to continew in

Seine, is one of the fouv gi'eat rivers of

France.

and and Rouen, (called by Knox, Rowane,) flows mto the English Channel at Havre.
It

rises

in

Burgundj',

passing the

cities

of Paris

1547.

THE REFORMATION
begune
severitie, that

IN SCOTLAND.

207

tliare

such thingis after should not be

these that war deprehended in
;

attemptat.

And

so

war

all

the Castell

dampned

to perpetuall preasone

and
pass

so

judged

the ungodly, that after that in Scotland should Christ Jesus

never have

triunij)lied.

One thing we can not

by

From

Scotland was send a famous clerk, (lawghe not, readar,) Maister

Johnne Hammyltoun of Mylburne,! with

of France,

credite to the
yitt

King

and unto the Cardinall of Lorane, (and

he nether had French nor Latine, and some say his Scottishe
toung was nott verray good.)

The sume of

all his

negotia-

tioun was, That those of the Castell should be scharplie handilled.

In which suyt, he was heard with favouris, and was

letteris,

dispatched fra the Courte of France with

credjiie,

and great
;

which that famouse dark foryett by the way

his

for

passing up to the craig2 of Dumbertane, befoir his letteris

war delyvered, he brack

proude ignorant ennemye.
^

nek

and

so

God took away a

Butt now to our Historic.

is

This Jolin Hamilton of Milbm^n

not mentioned by the Historian of the

Grace of France, in the Realme,

That Knox
is

effaris of this

400."

Hamiltons.

The

earliest of the family

also correct in regard

mentioned is Matthew, in 1549. His name, however, is correctly given by Knox, as we find in the Treasurer's
Accounts, these three payments
:

to the time of his death,

may

be in-

ferred from the date of these payments,

and
son,

fi'om

the circumstance that (his

" Item, be my Lord 1545, January. Governouris precept deliverit to my Lord Cardinale, quliilk he lent to Maister to

Jhonn Hammyltoun of Mylburne,

set

forth

the

artailze

at Birgen

raid,

600."
" Item, to Maister

1547, November.

of

Jhonn Hammyltoun of My Iburn, Maister Wark for the tyme to the Quenys
Grace's
bigingis,
hii"

quliilk

upoun

Grace's

he debursit warkis befoir his

departing toicart France, as his tiket

of compt, heir present to schaw, beris,

no doubt) Matthew Hamilton of Mylhurn, had a charter under the Great Seal of the lands of Houston in Linlithgowsliire, dated in 1549. This Matthew had another charter of the same lands to liimself, and to Agnes Livingstone liis spouse, and to Henry Hamilton his son and heii" apparent, 20th November 1553. His son predeceased liim, and the property came to Robert, fratri quondam Mathaji Hamilton de Melburne. See ^Vnderson's House of Hamilton, p. 323*. ^ j^ Vautr. edit. " mountain." Craig,
a rock, ously
is

1238, 17s. 6d."

"Item, to Maister Jhonn

in other passages also erroneH!oMfai?(.

Hammylthe

made

toim of Mylbm-ne, direct

to

Kingis

208
NULLA FIDES REQNI HOCIIH,
ETC.

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

These thingis against promeissis, (but Princes have no

litie

fide-

farther then

for thare

awin advantage,) done at Rowane,i

hole wyntar.
;

the galayes departed to Nantes, in Bartainzic, whare upone

the watter of Lore^ thei Lay

tlie

In Scotland, that somer, was nothing but myrth

for all

yead^ with the preastis eavin at thare awin pleasur. The Castell of Sanctandrois was rased to the ground,* the block
lioussis thairof cast

doune, and the walles round about defulfill

molissed.

Whitther this was to

thare law, which com;

mandis places whare Cardinalles ar slane so to be used or ellis for fear that England should have takin it, as after thei
did Broughty Crage,

we

remitt to the judgement of such as

was of
in

counsall.

This same year, in the begynnyng of September, entered

Scotland ane army of ten thowsand
land,

men from England,

came by
sea.

PYNCKEY
CLEUCHT.

by
1

and some schippes

Avith

ordinance

city of Rouen, in Normandy. Nantes in Bartanze, or Britanny, the large commercial city in the west of

The

Archbishop Hamilton, whose arms cut in stone still remain over one of the

windows

at the south-east corner.

The

France.

It is situated in the de^Dart-

north-west corner or

keep was suj>

ment

of the Loire Inferieure, about twenty-seven miles from the mouth of

momited by a tower, and is the place mentioned by Knox at pages 53, 179,
as

the river Loire.

3

"the Sea- tower."

is

On

entering

it,

In MS.

and Vautr. edit., " went." The Castle and Episcopal Palace of
Gr,

after descending a few steps, the

dim-

geon

shewn

to visitors

by

letting

St.

Andrews

is

now

in ruins.

It

stands

down a

light, till it

nearly reaches the

feet,

on a detached point of land to the north of the town, and is bounded on two sides by the sea. It entered from

bottom, at about 20
at the top

feet.

may

be 7

The diameter and after a

it

descent of 7

or 8

feet,

gradually

by a drawbridge, across a deep fosse or ditch, which being now removed and filled up with rubbish, very
the south side

widens to 18 or 20

feet diameter, cut

There is no appearance of any similar excavation at

out of the solid rock.
the
north-east
corner.

much

injures the picturesque appear-

The
it

Castle,

ance of the Castle. After its surrender, on the last of July 1547, the Castle

when surrendered, was abundantly supplied with provisions,

and

contained

was ordered by an Act of Comicil to be rased to the gromid. The fortress and
" block-houses " were no doubt partially

the Cardinal's

money and

furniture, to
;

the value,
also
tlie

it is said,

of 100,000

and
to a

property of other

persons,

demolished, but the building itself was

speedily

which had been brought hither as

place of security.

repaired

and

inhabited

by

1547.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

209

The Governour and the Bischope, hcirof

advertissed, gathered

togetther the forces of Scotknd, and assembled at Edinburgh.

The Protectour of England,! with the Erie of Warwik, and thare army, remaned at Preastoun, and about Preastoun Pannes :2 for thei had certane offerres to have bein proponed
unto the Nobilitie of Scotland, concernyng the promeissis

maid by thame, unto the which King Hary befoir his death gentillye required thame to stand fast and yf thei so wald do, of him nor of his Realme thei should have no truble, but the helpe and the conforte that he could maik thame in all thingis lauchfulL And heirupoun was thare a letter direct to the Governour and Counsall ;3 which cuming to tlie
befoir
;

handis of the Bischope of Sanctandros, he thought

nott be for his advantage that
thairfoir
it

it

could

should be divulgat,

and

by

his craft

it

was suppressed.
[ixth^] of September, the Engliss

TJpone the Fryday, the

army marched towardis Leyth, and the Scottishe army marched from Edinburgh to Enresk.^ The hole Scottishe anny was
nott assembled, and yitt the skirmissing begane
;

for nothing-

was concluded but

Sr.CURIProtectour, the THE TIE OF THE COTISMEN Erie of Warwik, the Lord Gray, and all the Engliss Capitanes, AT TYNKEY

victorie without strok.

The

"'

war played 6
1

at the dyce.

No men war

stowttar then the

Cr.EUCHT.

The Earl of Hertford, created Duke

Eighth," a letter addressed by that Mo-

Somerset, was Lord Protector of England. Of his Expedition into Scotof

narch to the Governor and Council of Scotland, on the 20th December 1546,
(vol. v. p. 576.) It

was published at the time a minute and interesting acco\mt. See notc 1, page 213. 2 Preston is near the village of Prestonpans, in the parish of that name, being about eight miles east from Edinburgh. 8 In this place in the MS., half a page on the reverse of fol. 70, and nearly as much at the top of the next leaf, are left blank, as if for the purpose of afterwards inserting the letter here mentioned. There is still preserved among the
land, there

expresses his desire

;

and tranquillity but stipulates that the siege of St. Andrews shall be relinquished, as he formerly had made
for peace

promise to the gentlemen in the Castle

" to helpe them in their necessities." The English Monarch died on the 28th of January 1546-7 and it is scarcely
;

necessary to add, that the expected aid

was not
*
''

sent.

In

all

the copies, " Friday the 7th."

;"

Or Invercsk. In MS. G, " playand

" playing."

in Vautr.

" State Papers, in the reign of Henry the

edit.,

VOL.

I.

210
Preastis and

THE HISTORY OF
Cliannounes, with tliarc
schaA^en
tlie

Book

I.

crownes and

blak jackis.

The Erie of Warwik and

Lord Gray, who

had the cheaf charge of the horsmen, perceaving the host to

be molested with the Scotishe preakaris,! and knowing that
the multitud war nether under ordoiir nor obedience, (for thei

war devided
FRTi)AA-is

fra the great

army,) sent furth certane troupes

CHASE.

of horsmen, and some of thare Borderaris, eyther to feght

'

thame, or

ellis to

putt thame out of thare syght, so that thei

liost.

'JO

mycht not annoy the

turne.

at lenth the Scottislnnen gave back,

The skarmuch grewe liote, and and fled Avitliout gane

The chase continewed far, bayth towardis the East and towardis the Weast in the which many war slayne, and lie that now is Lord Home was tane, which was the occasioun, that the Castell of Home 2 was after randered to the Engliss men. The lose of these men ne}i;her moved the
;

Governour, nor yitt the Bischope, his bastard brother

BiiAOGTs.

Thei
;

should revenge the mater weall yneuch upoun the morne

for thei

war handis ynew, (no word of God

;

;)

the Engliss

heretyckis had no faces

thei wald not abyd.

Upone the Setterday, the armyis of boyth sydis past to array. The Engliss army tackis the mydd parte of Fawsyd
hill,3

having thare ordinance planted befoir thame, and having

thare schippes and two galayis brought as neir the land as

waiter wald serve.

The Scottishe army stood first in ane ressonable strenth and good ordour, having betuix thame and the Engliss army the Watter of Esk, (othenvyese called Mus1

In Vautr.

edit. "

preachers."

English, 20th September

1547

from

Hume

Castle, in

Roxburghshire, in

whom

the united parishes of Stitchell and

tress, often besieged

was recovered by stratagem, in 1548, as minutely detailed by Beaugu^

it

Hume, was a celebrated border forby the English. Alexander fifth Lord Home, succeeded
battle of Pinkie.
It

in his History of the

Campaigns, &c., Lord Home was appointed Warden of the East Marches and was
pp. 77-82.
;

his father in 1547, a few

days after the was in order to

in-

a supporter of the Reformation.

died in 1575.
^

He

save

Ms

life,

he being then a prisoner,

Falside hill or bray,

is

in the parish
liill.

that his mother.

Lady Home, was

of Inveresk, near Carberry

flueuced to surrender the Castle to the

1547.

THE REFORMATION
Waiter
;)

IN SCOTLAND.

211

silbiirgli

butt at lenth a charge was gcviu in the

witli

Governouris behalf,

sound of trumpett, that

all

should merche fordwarte,

say, that this

and go ower the

watter.i

men Some

was procured by the Abbote of Dumfermeling,2

Rig,^ for preservatioun of Carbarry.
;

and Maister
wisdome

Hew

Men
it

of judgement lyeked not the jorney

to leave thare strenth.

for thei

thought

no

But commandiment upoun

commandiment, and charge upoun charge, was gevin, which

urged tliame
so,

that unwillinglie thei obeyed.

Anguss,^ being in the vantgard, had in his

The Erie of cumpany the

especiallie

gentilmen of Fyfe, of Anguss, Mernes, and the Westland, with

many

otheris that

of luif resorted to him, and

;

those that war professouris of the Evangell

posed, that

for thei sup-

England wold not have maid gret persuyt of him.

first

He

passed

throwglit the waiter,

and arrayed

his host

direct befoir the ennemies.

Follow^ed the Erie of Hunilie,

with his Northland men.

his

Last came the Duke, having in

cumpany the Erie

of Ergyle,^ with his awin freindis,

and

the body of the realme.

danger, and

The Englesmen perceaving the

how

thai the Scottishe

hill,

men

intended to have

tane the tope of the

maid hast
to

to prevent the perrell.

The Lord Gray was commanded

'

geve the charge with his

The

battle of Pinkie took place in a

along with his son George Master of

field to

the east of Musselburgh, and

adjacent to Pinkie house.

George Durie, Abbot of Dunfermsee note 2, page 183. ^ Hugh Rigg of Carberry see note Buchanan mentions him 4, page 70. as one of the persons by whose advice the Governor suppressed the Duke of Somerset's letters and calls him " a lawyer, more remarkable for his large body and personal strength, than for any knowledge of military affauvs." * ArcMbald Douglas seventh Earl of Angus, succeeded his grandfather, the
"

line

Angus. He married Margaret, the Queen Dowager, mother of James the Fifth, and dui'ing the ICing's minority he obtained and exercised great power; but was banished when James had assumed the Royal authority. His daughter, Lady Margaret Douglas, by the Queen Dowager, became Comatess of Lennox, and mother of Daruley. The Earl of Angus died at Tantallon Castle in the year 155G. ^ Archibald Campl)ell, fifth Earl of Argyle see a subsequent note near
:

the end of Rook First,

sixth Earl,

who was

slaui

.at

Floddon,

212
^^^^^^

THE HISTORY OF

Book

T.

pulse'of
m"en
o'f**^

^^ amies, whicli he did, albeit the hasard^ Avas verray

;

iinliklye

for the Erie of

first

Anguss host^ stood evin

upon

as a

Avail,

and receaved the

spearis,

assaultairis

the pointis of thare

so

(whicli

war longar then those of the Englismen,)

ruidlye, that fyftie horse

and men of the

first

rank lay dead

at ones, Avithout

any hurte done

to the Scottishe army, ex-

cept that the spearis of the forniar tw^o rankis Avar brokiii.

Which
yea,

discomfitur receaved, the rest of the hors

hill.

men

fled

some passed bej^ound FaAvsyd

self

The Lord Gray

to ryne against a so did the ordi-

him

was hurte
;

in the

mouth, and plainelie denyed to

charge agane
wall."

for

he

said, " It

was alyik as and

The

galayis

and the

schi^jpes,
hill,

nance planted upoun the

mydd

schote terriblye.

But

the ordinance of the galayis schooting longis the Scotish army

efii-ayed

tliame Avondeiaislye.^

And

Avhill

that

everie

man
men
look-

laubouris to draAv from the north, Avhense the danger aj^peired,

thei

begyne

to reyll,

and

Avith that

war the Engliss

foot

marching

fordAvarte,
flight.

albeit that

some of thare horsmen war

still,

upoun the

The Erie of Anguss army stood

ing that eytlier Huntlie,^ or the

Duke

should have recountered

the nixt battell

but thei had decreid that the favoraris of

England, and the Heretickis, (as the Preastis called tliame,)

and the Englismen should parte it betuix tliame for the day. The fear ryses, and at ane instant thei, which befoir war
victouris,

and war nott

yitt assaulted Avitli

is,)

any

force, (except

with ordinance, as said

cast frome tliame thare spearis

seiii,

and

fled.

So that Goddis power was so evidentlie

that

in one

moment, yea,

at one instant tyme, boytli the

armyes

war

fleing.

The

sellout

came from the

hill
;

frome those that

the sellout ryses,

hoped no
1

victorie

upone the Engliss parte

Vautr.
jvig,

MS. G, has " the armie." The word "host," omitted in the MS., is supplied from MS. G. ^ In MS. G, " frayed thame grettum2

lie."

edit, has,

" affraied

them

wonderouslie."
^

g, " the Erie of Himtlie."

1547.

THE REFORMATION
say,) "

IN SCOTLAND.
but at the
first it

213
could nott

(we

Thei
till

flye,

thei

flie ;"

be beleved,

at the last

it

was

clearlie sein,

that all

had
of

gevin backis, and then begane a cruell slawchtter, (which was

the greattar be reassone of the
amies.)
lait displcasur

of the

men

The chase and slaughter

lasted

till

ney Edinburght,

ujjoun the one parte, and be-west Dalkeith, upon the othcr.i

ney ten thowsand men.

;

The nomber of the slane uj)oun the Scotislie syd war judged The Erie of Huntley was tackin, and caryed to London but he releved him self, being suyrtie for many ransonis, honestlie or unhonestlie 2 we know nott
;

but, as the bruyt past, he used pollicye with England.

In

that

same

battell

was slane the Maister of Erskin,^

deirlie

beloved of the Quein, for

and bayre

his death

whome she maid great lamentatioun, many dayis in mind. When the cerwas in Edinburgh abyd-

taintie of the disconfiture came, sche

ing upon tydinges

but with expeditioun she posted that

same nycht
'

to

Stryveling, with

Monsieur Dosell, who was

Di".

Patrick Anderson, in his MS.

"

History of Scotland, in describing the

disastrous flight at Pinkie, says,
it

Edward the. VI. Goouernour of hys hyglmes persone, and Protectoui' of hys graces Realmes, dokinges Maiestie
minions,
first

good and prudent government, than by any manhood of the enemie. For it was plauily reported, that some were traitors amongst us, and that they received gold from England whereupon the

was owing more

to lack of

&

subiectes

made

in

the

following distich
" It was your

was

said,

most prosperous reign, and set out by way of diarie, by W. Patten, Londoner. Vivat ViCTuR." Colophon, " Imprinted in London, by Ilichard Grafton, &c., Small 8vo, bl. 1. M.D.XLViii." 2 In MS. G, " many ransomes ;" in
yere of his
INlaiesties

The

field

and our traitors wanne of Pinkie, and uoe Englishman."

gold,

Vautr.
^

edit.,

"many

reasons, Ilonestie

or uiihonestie."

The date of

this calamitous defeat at

Robert Master of Erskine, eldest

Pinkie, near Musselburgh,

was the 10th

The English forces of September 1547. were accompanied by William Patten, who, from his notes or diary, published Ms curious and interesting work, intituled, " The Expedicion into Scotlaude of the most woorthely fortunate prince Edward, Duke of Soomerset, vncle vnto our most noble souereigii lord the

son of John foiu-th Lord Erskine, (and fifth Earl of Mar, who died in 1552.)

As

stated in the text, ho

was
;

slain at

Pinkie, 10th September 1547

ing no issue, his

and leavnext brother Thomas,

Master of Ersldne, having also predeceased his father, John Erskine, originally intended for the Church, became
sixth Earl of Mar, in 1552.

214
als fleyed as "

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

a fox when his hole is smoked." And thus did God tak the secound revenge upoiin the perjured Governour, with such as assisted him to defend ane injust qwerrell albeit that many innocentis fell amonges the myddest of the wicked. The Engliss army came to Leyth, and thare tackin
;

ordour with thare preasonaris and spoile, thei returned with

this victorie, (which thei looked nott for,) to England.

That wynter following was great heirschippes maid upoun

all

the Bordouris of Scotland.

Browghty cragl was tane by

still

the Englismen, beseiged by the Governour, but

keaj)t

and
1

at

it

was slane Gawen, the best of the Hammyltonis,^ and

edit,

lu Vautr.

crai^ is rendered

Gawin Hamilton's death,

calls

him

"

Gu-

" mountains."

Broughty

Craig,

now

known as Broughty Ferry, at the mouth of the river Tay, four miles below Dundee. The old Castle, now in
ruins, forms a conspicuous object

bernatoris cognato," (De Rebus, &c., p. 489,) and " awin tender kynisman " of

the Governor. (Hist. p. 203.) We may therefore suppose he was the same per-

from

son with Gawui Hamilton of Orbiston,

the opposite side of the river.

Among
:

who was named

in the settlement of the

other disbiu'sements for "resisting of

our old enemies," are the following "Item, (Jan. 1547-8,) at my Lord of Argilys passing to Dunde, Lieutenant
for the tyme, for the recovering of the

Hamilton estates in 1540. (Anderson's House of Hamilton, p. 271.) In October 1547, the Treasm-er repaid "to Maister Gawyne Hammyltoun, quhilk he debursit in the Castle of Edinburgh, the

said toun

and

fort of

Brochty forth of

tyme of the
xxvi
lib."

field

(of

Pynkecleuch,)

the luglismennis handis, rasit ane band

of J
liim,

He had

previously been en-

[100 men] of weyi", send with and put uiader the governance of Duncan Dundass and to the said men
;

gaged in conducting the siege of St. Andrews, as in December 1547, "The

of weyr, " Item, (Feb. 1548-9,) to

iij"

lib."

him

Compttar, (or Treasm'er,) discharges in this moneth, quhairwith he

summound

sowld

have

been dischargeit in the

Alexander Quhitlaw of New Grange, to underly the law for his tressonable art,

and counsale geving to the putHouse of Brouchtye in the Inglische mennis handis, continewall remanying with thame, conveying of thame to the byrnyng of Dimde and Forfair, rydand and gangand with thame in all thair dedis and heirschippis upoun our Souerane Ladyis landis and subjectis, etc." - Probably in January or February
part,

ting of the

moneth of December, in Anno 1546, quhilk was deliverit to J"" Ixxx culvering men, imder the governaunce of Capitane Gawyne Hammylton and Robert
Lindesay, parson of Covingtoun
;

quhilk
of the

band was
Castell

rasit for recovering

of

Sanctandrois,

and indurit

V monetliis, to ilkane of thir culvering

men

in the

moneth,
.

iiij lib.

Smnma

to

the said space, iij'" vj" lib." (3600.) " Item, the samyne tyme, under the

1547-8.

Bishop

Lesley

mentioning

governaunce of the saidis Capitanis J"" XX pikmen, quhilkis alsua remanit

1.548.

THE REFORMATION
ordinance
left.

IN SCOTLAND.

215

tlie

Wliareupon, the Englismen encouraged,

hill

begane to

fortifie

upoun the

above Broiighty

hoiis,

which
to

was

called the Forte of Broughty,

it

and was verray noysome

;

Dondy, which

brunt and laid waist

and

so

did

it

the

moist parte of Anguss, which was not assured, and under

freindschipe with tliamc.

That Lentran^ following, was Haddingtoun

Engliss men.

fortified

by the

1548.

The maist parte of Lothiane, from Edinburgh Thus did God plague east, was eyther assured or laid wast. in everie qwarter butt men war blynd, and wald nott, nor could nott, considder the cause. The Lardes Ormestoun^ and Bmnestoun^ war banissed, and after forfalted,'^ and so war
;

the

tyme of the said

assege, to every
iij

ane of thame in the moneth,

lib.

vember 1545, there was paid, " be my Lord Governouris speciall command, to
the Laird of Bromistoim, in support of
liis

s.

Summa

be the said space,

ij'"

lib."

(2000.)

expensis maid in tyme of his

bemg

" Item, to the saiilis

for
thaii"

twa Capitauis,
and
oiliciaris

in Ligland,

lauborand for

redi-es of cer-

awiu

feis,

thair hand-seinze

taue Scottis scliippis tane be the lug-

lieutenant, provest, clerk,

of band, ilkane of the said Capitanis in

the moneth, J'

lib.

Summa in the saidis

J"- lib." (1000.) " That Lent."

V monethis,
3 *

...
edit.

men, kc, 44 lib." He was foi*and escaped fi'om Scotland in the year 1548. His death must have taken place before the 5th December
lische
feited,

In Vautr.

1558, as on that day the process of forfeiture against

John Cockburu, (who has been already noticed, and will be again met with under the year 1559,) was forfeited 14th December 1-548.
Alexander Crichton of Brimstone in the English schemes for assasainatmg Cardinal Beaton, although eventually accomFrom his plished without his aid. connexion with George Wishart, some finxitless attempts have been made to implicate Wishart in such schemes. See Appendix, No. IX. The situation of Brunstone, in the barony of Peiuiycuik, is ah'cady noticed at page 135. A charter under the Great Seal of the lands of Gilbcrton, was granted to Alexander Crcichtoim of Bm-nstoun, and John Crcichtoiui his sou and heii', 10th November 1542. On the 8th No'

him was reduced by the

and
ii.

Scotish Parliament, at the instance of

.John Creichtou, eldest lawful son

heir of umquhile Alexander Creichton

of Bui-nstane.
p. 520.)

(Acta Pari.
;

Scot. vol.

was a leading agent

On

the 26th February 1564-5,

John Creichton of Brunstone, had a

charter of confirmation of the lands
of Gilbertoun

and another, on the

12th February 1565-6, of the lands of Stanyhill, in the shire of Edinburgh.

In the Retours

we

find the

names

of

James Creichton
of Pennycuik,

junior, as heir of his

brother John, of lands in the barony

30th

May
as

1604
of

James
the

Creichton,

heir

and John
tlie

("reichton of Brunstone, his father, of

lands

of Brunstone,
17tli

&c.,

in

'

barony of Ponnyciiik,
"

May

1608.

In Vautr. edit. " ailcr .sore assalted."

216
all

THE HISTORY OF
those of the Castell of Sanctandrois.

Book

I.

ledge of the trubles of Scotland cuming to

The suyre knowFrance, thare was

as never
;

prepared a navy and army.

sein to

The navy was such

was
for

come

fra France,

for the supporte of Scotland

besydis the galayis, being twenty twa then in nomber, thei

had

threscoir

great

schippis,

besydis

"sdttallaris.

Howsone

soever thei took the playne seas, the read lyoun of Scotland

was displayed, and thei holdin as

pollicye
is

rebelles unto France, (such

no

falsett in Princes,) for

good peax stoode betuix

France and England, and the King of France approved nothing that thei did.
ing of that

The cheaf men,

to

whome

the conduct-

1549.

army was committed, war Monsieur Dandelot, In thare jomey Strois. thei maid some hereschepe upoun the coast of England but They arryv^ed in Scotland in Maij, anno it Avas nott great. 1549.^ The gala;) is did visitt the forte of Browghty, but did no more at that tyme. Preparationis war maid for the seig
Monsieur de Termes, and Peir de
;

of Hadyrigtoun

but

it

was ane other thing that thei ment,

as the iscliew declared.

THE PARLIAMKNT ATT HADINGTOTJN.

bled, the forme of a Parliament '

to witt, in

The hole body of the realme assemwas sett to be holdin thare, the Abbay of Haddingtoun.2 The principall head
'

Knox has

evidently mistaken the

j\Ions.

torical

preface.

MS. note by the

year.

Mons. de Desse,
Strozzi,

Dandelot,

celebrated Dr. Archibald Pitcau'ne, in

and Pierre
;

Captain of the gal-

a copy in

my

possession, asserts that

Avritten

leys, arrived in

Scotland, about June

the preface

was

by Crawford

1548 and Mons. de Termes, in the year followiug see note 3, page 220. Bishop Lesley has given a detailed account of
:

the Historiographer, although claimed

by the translator as
dead.
-

liis

own

" but

poor Crawford," be adds, was

then

their

p'roceediags.

(History,
comme
le

p.

206,

&c.)

See also " L'Histou'e de la Guerre

This meeting of Parliament referred

d'Escosse, traitant
fut assailly,

Royaume

to,

was " holdin

at the

Abbay

of Ha;

&

en grand' partie occupe

diugtoun," on the 7th Jvdy 1548

of

par les Anglois, & depuis rendu paisible a sa Reyne, & reduit en son ancien Par Ian de Beaugu(5, estat & dignity.

which the only proceedings recorded are

the " Propositioim by the maist Christian

King

of France

and the determi-

gentilhomme Franfois.
8vo.

A Pai-is,

1556,"
ascrib-

natioun of the Three Estatis, concerning

the mariage of om- Soverane

A translation of this work,

Lady with
Pari.

ed to Dr. P. Abercromby, was published at Edinbm-gh in 1707, 8vo, with an his-

the Dolphin of France."

Scot., vol.
ii.

(Acta

p. 481.)

1548.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

217

was the maricige of the Princess (by thame befoir contracted to King Edwarte,) to the King of France, and of hir present
deliverie,

be reassone of the danger that she stood

into,

by

the invasioun of our old ennemics of England.

Some war
French

corrupted with buddis, some deceaved by flattering promessis,

and some
soldartis

for fear

war compelled
a

to consent

for the

war the

officiaris

of amies in that Parliament.

The

Lard

of

Balclewcht,!

bloody man, with

many Goddis

woundis, sware, " Thei that wold nott consent should do war."

The Governour gat the Duchry of Chattellerawlt,^ with the Ordour of the Cokill, and a full discharge of all intromissionis with King James the Fyft his treasure and substance whatsoever,

with possessioun of the Castell of Dumbertane,

that ischew should be sein of the Quenis body.

With

and other
structioun

conditionis, stood

he content to

sell his

Soverane

^"^^"^^n these, pe^^^/t^ FOLLOW

THAEEOF.

till

furth of his awin

;

handis, which in the end wilbe his dehis formar Avickedness, (yf

God thairby punishing

speady reapentance prevent not Goddis judgementis, which

we

hartly wishe.)

Huntley, Ergyle, and Anguss, was lyk;3

wiese maid Knyghtis of the Cockill

1

and

for that

and other
letters patent

Sir Walter Scott of Bransholm,

was

King

of France

and the

served heir of his father, Sir AValter, in

of his nomination were registered

by

was slain in Edinburgh by Sir AValter Ker of Cessfurd, and Andrew Kerr of Fernyhm-st, in October 1552. (Acta Pari. Scot. vol.
October 1517.
lie
ii.

the Parliament of France, on the 22d

of April.
=*

The Order of

St. IMichael

was

insti-

tuted by Louis XI., liuig of France, in

1469.

p. 461.)

In the Diurnal of Occvu-

The niuuber of Knights was

It

rents, the writer noticing his slaughter,

calls

limited to thii-ty-six.

received the

him

" ane valzeand guid Knyclit,"

name

of the Cockle, ft-om the escalop-

Knox simply styles him "a (p. 51.) bloody man." (See Douglas and AVood's Peerage, vol. i. p. 249 and Scott's Lay of the Last Minstrel.) 2 The proposed alliance between Queen Mary and tlie Daupliin of France having

shells of gold with

which the

collar of

the Order

was ornamented. In September 1548, is this payment by the

Treasurer, " Item, for paintting of my Lord Govcrnoures armcs setting furth
of the Collar that

day that

my

Lord of

been agreed to at Stirling, on the 8th

February 1547-8, the same day, the Governor, James Earl of Arran, was created Duke of Chatellcrault, by the

Angus and Argyle had From Ordour, xlv s."

to the

ressavit the
tlie

date,

we
not

miglit liave concluded that this referred

Order of the Cockle, had

it

218

THE HISTORY OF
tliare

Book
parte.
;

I.

good deid receaved, thei sold also

KXFEKi

Schortlie,

none was found to

resist tliat injust

demand
liir

and

so

was

slie

TAWGHT,

AND FARTHER WILL

DECLAIR.

sold to ^ ffo to France, to the

tJ
:>

youth she should 1 n with Inr all hnshould remane (Irynk that lycour, that of ^

end that in

Ijfetyme, for a plague to this realme, and for hir iinall de-

stmctioun.

And

tharefoir, albeit that

now a

fyre

cumes out
is

frome
PERPWB

hir,

that consumes many, lett no

man

wonder, she

Goddis hand, in his displeasur punishing our formare ingra^ ^ qvou CEP IaTi ill DECS Q^-^^ i\\Qn shall he eytlier destroy that hoore in hir hurdome, PROPTER TCI XOMlXia or ellis he shall putt it in the harttis of a multitude, to tak GLORIAM.
15

titude.

Lett

men

patientlie abyd,

and turne unto thare God,

JCylJ 1567.*

the same vengeance upoun hir, that

lies

bein tane of Jesabell

historyis
in the

and Athalia,

yea,
;

and of

otheris, of

whome prophane

mak mentioun
vvKiTTiN

for greattar

abominatioun was never

is

nature of any woman, then

sein only the buddis
fi-utt
'

in hir, whareof
Avill

we have but
But

butt

we

after taist of the rype

/

APEiLE,

ANNO
1566.

yf of hir impietie, J I

God

cutt not hir dayis schorte.

to returne to our Historie.

Tliis

conclusioun tackin, that our Quein, (butt farther de-

lay,)

should be delivered to France, the seig continewis, great

;

schooting, but no assaulting

and

yitt thei

had

fair occasioun

been that three years previously mention is made, in a letter from one of
the English
"espialles," in Scotland,
to

when

this portion of the History

It is

was

written.

worthy of notice, that on

the 15th June 1567, Bothwell having

Lord Wharton, on the 12th Jime 1545,) that " the Order of the Code," with a collar of gold, had then been sent from France to the Earl of Angus. (State Papers, vol. v.
(communicated

escaped to Dunbar, Queen Mary surrendered herself to the Nobles at Carberry Hill, and two days later, she was imprisoned in Lochleven Castle. The marginal words, therefore, to this purport, " Finish

p. 460.)

marginal note is scored thi'ough, as if to be deleted but this seems to have been done by a later hand. A few of the letters are cut away by the binder, but the note itself occiu's in Vautrollier's edition, p. 176; which does not contain the marginal words
*

In the MS.

tliis

my
if

what thou hast begmi, God, for the glory of thy name 15th Jime 1567," may be regarded as

the author had viewed that event as being a partial accomplishment of his
prediction wliich he states to have been

written in April 1566.

But the language

it

here used by Knox,

vindicate.

is

impossible to

that follow, marking the precise time

1548.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

219
^'"*=

ottered unto tliame. For the EiiPlismen approchino- to the toune, for the contorting of the beseiged, with powder, vittalles,

no

^^^'^^

Oj,

HADING-

^"^'*-

and men,

lost

ane army of sax thowsand men.

tane,

Schir Robert

^"T'""'''''

Bowes 1

so

was

and

tlie

most parte of the Borderaris war

so

eyther tackin or slane.

And
;

mycht the Toune

justlye have
;

dispared of any farther succourse to have bein loked for

butt yit
it

held good

for

the stout

corage and prudent

generall,

governement of Schir James "Wolfurd,^

who
tliei

did so
deter-

cncorage the hole capitanes and soldartis, that

But from the tyme that the Frenche men had gottin the bone for the which the dog
to
Avallis.

mined

dye upon thare

barked, the persuyt of the toune was slow.

rased,

The seig was and she was convoyed by the Weast seas to France,^ with four galayis, and some schippis and so the Cardinall
;

^ On the 26th November 1549, a pm-suevant was sent to Stirling " with letters to the Maister of Arskiue, charging

The following
sui'er's

entries

from the Treaof inter-

Accounts, as relating to the

young Queen, are not devoid

est,

him

to keip

Su*

Robert Bowes, Ing-

in connexion with the similar pay-

lisman, untransportit
cuntr^, quhill

hame

in his awiii

my

Lord Governour and

avisit."

Counsale be farder
er's Accounts.)
- Sii"

(Treasurpri-

ments quoted in note 3, p. 108, "Item, (March 1548,) the Comptar dischargis him, gevyn to my Lord Erskyn and Lord Levingstoun, to ane compte
of thalr feyes restand awyn thanic for keping of the Quenis Grace persoun, the

James Wilford was taken

:

soner by the French at Dunbar, in the

year 1549 See Holiashed's Chi'onicles, England, vol. ii. p. 996 Scotland, j).
;

sowme

of J Ixxvj lib. vj s. viij d. " Item, mair to thame, in compleit

.
.

349, edit. 1586.

3

pament of all
LabanoiF, in
liis

feyes restand

awyn thame
day

Prmce Alexander

for the causis forsaid, (fra the last

collection of the Letters of

Mary Queen

of

November

the zeu' of

God 1545

of Scots, states, that at the end of Jiily

zcris,)

1548, M. de Br^ze,
end,

who

arrived for that

the zeir of
zeris,

unto the last day of Februar, in God J" Y" and fortye scvyn

and Villcgaignon, commander of French squadron, received the young Queen and her suite, at DiunOn the 13th August, he adds, barton. Mary Stuart disembarked at the port of Brest, and was immediately conducted to St. Germain-en-Laye, where she was educated as one of the Royal
the
family.
vol.
i.)

thair
to

[1547-8,] quhilk was the day of departmg with the Quenis Grace Dumbartanc, and sa dischargit the

sowme

ij"' (2000) lib. of " Item, (July 1548,) to Jolmne Ta-

tersoun,
pylattis,

to

pas for mariuaris to be and to pas about in the

A''est

galayes to the

seyes, that past to

xxij s."

(Lettres de Marie

Stuart. &c.,

France with the Quenis Grace,

220
of Lorane gatt
liir

THE HISTORY OF
in his keping, a moi'sall,

Book

I.

assuyi-e yow,i

meit for his awin mouth.

We
sitting

oniitt

many

thingis that occurred in this

tyme

as the
farest

doun of the schip called the Cardinall, (the

schip in France,) betuix Sanct Colmes Inch

and Crawmond,^
schaw, that the

without any occasioun, except negligence, for the day was

fair,

and the wetther calme

but

God wold

eountrie of Scotland can bear no Cardinallis.

also,

In this tyme
Engliss schip

was thare a combate betuix the galayis and the Engliss

;

schippis

tliei

schote

fracldie

a whill.

Ane

had come schorte liame, and, as till that tliei war abuf Sanct mercy, without it was, thei fled Colmes Inch.3 The Capitanes left the galayes, and took a But the Engliss forte maid upoun the Inch for thare defence.
took
fyre, or ellis the galayis

schippis
nall

maid no persuyt, (except that thei brunt the Cardiwhare that she lay,) and so the galayis and the galay-men

did boyth eschape.

Ordoure was tackin, that nixt September, that some galayes

should remane in Scotland, and that the rest should returne
to France
;

as that thei did

all,

except one that was tackin

by ane Engliss schip, (by one Engliss schip onlye, we say,) as that thei war passing betuix Dover and Calice. That wynter remaned Monsieur De Arfe^ in Scotland,
^

In MS. G, and Vautr.

edit.,

" I

assure yow."
"

Cramond, a

village on the south

side of the Frith of Forth, five or six

up than Leith. In October 1547, a messenger was dh'ected " to charge the maister capitane, quarter maisterris, and skippares
miles higher
2

of the schip callit the Schallop, chargeing thame to prepair and mak hir reddye for the recovering of Sanct Colmys

Inche."

(Treasurer's
is

Accounts.)

St.

Colme's Inch

a small island in the

Frith of Forth, within two miles of the

There are still some remains of fortifications of a recent date. The island of Inch-Colme is chiefly remarkable for the ruins of an Abbey founded by King Alexander the First, about the year 1123, and dedicated to St. Columba. The inmates were Canon-Regulars of St. Augustine, * Although the name is apparently " De Arfe " in the MS., it might be read " De Aese." But the name " De Arfe " is found in Vautr. edit., and in MSS. MS. L 2, has " De A, E, I, and W. Anfe." In the MS. as oi'iginally writ-

shore fi-om Aberdour.

1548.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.
Thei
fortified

221 Enresk, to

with the bandis of French men.

stay that
tlie

Engliss

should

not

invaid

Edinburgh

and

Leyth.
other,

Some

skarmessis 5 thare war betuix the one and the

butt no notable thing done, except that the French

;

had almost tackin Hadingtoun

this.

the occasioun wharcof was

The French men thinking thame selfis moir then maisteris in all partes of Scotland, and in Edinburgh principallie, thought that thei could do no wrong to no Scottishe man for a ceriane
;

French
to

man

delivred a coulvering to George Tod, vScottisman,

it

be stocked, who bringing

throwght the

streat,

ane other

French
Greorge
;

man clamed

it,

and wold have

reft it

from the said

but he resisted, alledgeing that the Frenche

man

did

wronge.

And

so

begane parties to assemble, asweall to the

;

Scottishman, as to the French

so that

two of the French men

from the Croce to

war stiyckin doune, and the

rest chassed

Nudrye's Wynd head.^ The Provest being upoun the streat, apprehended two of the French, and was carying thame to
the Tolbuyth
close
isclied
;

but from Monsieur de Essie's loodgeing and

furth French men, to the

nomber of

threscoir

persones, with drawin sweardis,

and

resisted the said Provest.

till

But
ten

yitt the

tounc assembling repulsed thame,

De^se,

that thei

it stood, " That wynter remaned Monsieur de Termes in Scotland," &c. This name was afterwards deleted, and that of " De Arfe" interlined and it so
;

who continned

m command of tlie

appears in the copies above

specified.

French troops in Scotland, during 1548. Mons. de Termes arrived at Dumbarton with reinforcements, early in 1549, when Dcss6 returned to France. (Beaugn6,

But

in

MS.

G, the original

words are

Histoire,
^ "

fol.

107, 119.)
edit.

retained, thus

indicating that the in-

In Vaiitr.

" scarcenesse."
is

termediatc MS. from wliich MS.

transcribed,

was
pre-

Niddry's Wynd,

now

called Nid-

may have been made

di-y Street, its

viously to the correction of the name.

On

the 12th June 1548, 4, 10s. was

former character of a wynd or close having been changed, when the houses at the top of it were

paid by the Treasurer "to Alexander Ross, pursevantc, to attend npoun Mon.sieur

Darsc and the Frenche bande." The name, however, should be Mons. de

removed in 1785, and the street called South Bridge was built, which connects the Old Town of Edinburgh with the
Southern
<listricts.

222

THE HISTORY OF
to the

Book

I.

came

Nether

Bow

;i

and thare Monsieur La

Chaj)ell,

witli the hole

Landis of Frencli

men enarmed,
(for

rencontered the

said Pro vest,

and 2 repulsed him,

the toune war without

weapones, for the maist parte,) and so maid invasioun upoun

all

that thei mett.

And

first,

in the throt of the

Bow, war

slane
THESLATJCH-

David Kirk and David Barbour, (being

at the Provostes

TER OF THE back,) and thareafter war slane the said Provest himself, beCAPITANE OF THE CAS ing- Lard of Stannoss, and Capitane of the Castell,^ James TELL OF EDINBURGH. Hammyltouu his sone,^ Williame Chapman, a godly man,

Maister "Williame Stewarte,^ Williame Purvess, and a woman,

named

Elizabeth Stewarte

and thareafter taryed within the

toune, by force, from fyve houris, till after sevin at nycht, and then reteared to the Cannogat, as to thare receptackle and refuge.

The hole Toun,

at the

yea, the

Governour and Nobilitie commoved

thei

unwoorthynes of this bold attemptat, craved justice

ellis

upoun the malefactouris, or

hole.

wold tack justice of the

Monsieur de Essye, and

The Quein,

crafty ynewcht.

Monsieur Dosel, laubored

"

for pacificatioun,

and did promeise,

should do
thei

That onless the French men, by thame

act, as

selfis allone,

such ane

mycht recompense the wrong that

had

done, that then thei should not refuise, but that justice should

be executed to the rigour."

1

These fayre woordis pleased our

was ProYost
of the City as well as Cap-

The Nether-bow Port or gate was

or forming a barrier be-

a large bvdlding, with houses on each

side, dividing

tain of the Castle.

Bishop Lesley says

It

the occurrence which led to his death,

tween the High Street of Edinburgh, and

the street in continuation
as the Canongate,
still

took place early in October 1548.

known

where the French

troops were quartered dviring the Win-

must have been on or before the first of that month, as Sir William Hamilton of Sanquliar was on that day appointed Captain of the Castle of Edinburgh, with the salary of 533, 6s. 8d. (Treasurer's Accoimts.)
* James Hamilton was liis father's deputy as Captain of the Castle and was also Du-ector of the Chancery, In MS. G, " Mr. Walter Stewart."
;
''

The building alluded to was removed as an obstruction to the

ter 1548-9.
street, in the
2

year 1764.
edit.,

In MS. G, and Vautr.

" vioSten-

lentlie repulsit
2

hun."
of

James Hamilton, Laird

house, already alluded to at page 124,

lo48.

TUE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

and
so

223
direct

foollis,

war the Frenclie bandis the nixt nycht

lytill

to

Hadingtoun,! to the which thei approched a

after

mydnycht, so secreatlye, that thei war never espyed, till that the formar war within the basse courte, and the haill cum-

pany

in the church yard, nott

two payre of boot Icnthis distant

frome the tonne.

arises, "

The

soldartis, Englislimen,

war

exceapt the watch, the which was

sklender,

HADINGa slcape TOUN ALMOST SURand yitt the PRISED UV

all

schowt
is

Bowes and

billes

Bowes and

billes ;"

which

'^"^''kench

significatioun of
all

extreame defence, to avoid the present

danger, in
that
first

tonnes of warr.
to

The

effrayed aiyses

weapones
of

come

hand serve

for the ncad.

One 2 amongis
j)ieces

many cumes

to the East porte,

whare lay two great

ordinance, and whare the ennemies

war knowin

to be,

and

cryed to his fellowes that war at the yett macking defence,

"

Ware

befoir

;"

and

so fyres

a great peace, and thareafter

another, which
farther persuyt

God
maid

so conducted, that after tliame

;

was no

for the bullates

redounded

fra the wall

of the Freir Kirk, to the wall of Sanct Katherine's Chapell,

which stood direct foiranent

it,

and

fra the wall of the said

oft,

Chapell to the said Kirk wall agane, so

that thare

fell

mo

then ane hundreth of the French, att those two schottis

onh^

Thei schott

oft,

but the French reteired with diligence,

and returned
ChapiJell

to Edinburgh, without

harme done, except the

destructioun of some drynkin bear, which lay in the saidis

and Kirk.

And

this

was satisfactioun more then

all the changes this church has undergone in the course of five or six

The town ofHaddington was strongly

garrisoned by Lord Grey of Wilton and
the English forces, in April 1548

ing

was soon

after besieged ])y the

and French
;

centuries,

it still exliibits

the outlines of

auxiliaries,

and likewise

in the follow-

an imposing buikling, about 210 feet long, sm'mounted by a handsome square

tower.

ing year, but on both occasions without

No

traces are

now preserved

of

The Friar Kirk belonged to the the Franciscan or Gray Friars

success.
;

St. Catherine's

Chapel,

choir of which, from

turc,

its

beautiful struc-

Avas

called

Lucerna Laudonia',
Notwithstand-

^ According to BeaugiK?, this was a French soldier " corrupted by the enemy," who had served them as a

(the

Lamp

of Lotliian.)

spy.

224

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

yneuhtjl for the slawchter of the said Capitane and Provest,

and
THE RECOVERY OF THE
CASTELL OF HOME.

for the slawghter of

such as war slane with him.

fruittis.

This

was the hegynnyng of the French

of

This wynter, in the tynie of Christen Masse, was the Castell

Home

recovered from the Engliss, by the negligence of the

Capitane

named Dudley.
becaus that he wrait a
bill

This wynter also did the Lard of Rayth most innocentlie

THE DEATH suffer, and after was forfalted, OF THE LARD OF RAYTH. his sone, Johne Melvin,^ who

to

then was in England, which

;

was alleged
but

to

have bein found in the house of Ormestoun

many
was

suspected the pauckis^ and craft of Ringzen Cock-

burne, (now called Capitane Ringzeane,^) to whonie the said

letter

delivered.

Butt howsoever

it

was,

thei

cruell

beastis,

the Bischojie of Sanctandrois

" aneughe,"

and Abbot of Dumof,

1 In other " enough."

copies,

See note

2,

page 210.

Bishop Les-

ley says, the Castle, which had heen

left

in charge of Sir
St.

Edward Dudley,
Stephen's night,

was recovered on
222.)
3

and formed the ground of On the 3d December 1548, writings were sent from Edinburgh " to all the lairdis and gentihnen of Fyfe to be heir Dec. 5'' upoun the Laii'd of Rathis assise;" and on
laid hold

accusation for treason.

(26th December,) 1-548. (Hist. pp. 201,

that day, the Treasurer paid 34s. "to

Adame
Charters of the lands

M'Cullo, piirsewant, send agane

The Laird of Raith was Sir John

to Fyfe to

summond ane
;

assiss to the

Melville, Knight.

of Murdocairney,
to

m Fife, were

gi-anted

him and his wife Helen Napier, in 1536 and 1542. James the Fifth, who conferred on him the lionoiu* of knighthood, appointed him Captain of the He was accused of Castle of Dunbar. heresy by Cardinal Beaton but was
;

and to execute summoundis of tressoim upomi the Laird of Petmille, and Maister Henry Balnavis, to the xxj day of Februar [1548-9.]" He was accordingly tried and executed in 1548-9, and his forfeited estates were bestowed on David Hamilton, youngest
Laird of Raith
son of the Governor.
lib.

have been in reference to this charge that he obtained from the King a remission " for all crimes, excepting treason," which he may have committed prior to the 15th August
not convicted.
It

may

(Buchan.
Melville,

Hist,

XV.

c.

65.)

The

forfeited estates,

however, were restored by Queen

to his eldest son

Mary

John
vol.
i.

special gift dated 12th Feb.

by a 1562-3.

(Criminal Trials,
survived
* ^

p.

341*.)

He

1538.

(Pitcairn's Crim.

Trials, vol.

i.

p.

till

the 13th July 1583.

250*.)

Subsequently being in ftivour of

the English alliance,

when

all corres-

pondence with England had been interdicted, an intercepted letter, addressed

edit. " prankes." Ninian Cockburn, called Captain Ringan. In Vautr. edit. " Reingzein,"

In Vautr.

by

Sir

John Melville

to his

son,

was

and "Rengzeane," being a common or vulgar pronunciation of the name Ninian.

1548.

THE REFORMATION
ceassed
nott,
till

IN SCOTLAND.
tlie

2-2r)

fermling-,

that the liead of

;

said noble

man was
knawin

strickin from

him

especiallie becaus that

he was

to

be ane that unfeanedlie favored the treuth of

a"
;

Goddis word, and was

great freind to those tliat war in the

of whose deliverance, and of Goddis

Castcll of Sanctandrois

wonderouse W3a"king' with thame during the tyme of thare

Ijondage,

wo man now

speak, least that in suppressing of so

notable a wark of God,

gratitude.

we mycht

justlie

be accused of inhoiissis, as the

J^*'

And,
befoir

first,

the principalles being' putt in severall

said, great laubouris

r.t

we have

was maid

to

mack thame
was

'^'"'''*^

M F.N KSE

THE
OP

CA.S-

have a good opinioun of the Messe.

takin

But
in the

cheaflie travail

TELI-

SANCTANH
DROIS r>rRil

upoun Normond
tliei

Leslye,i

the

Lard of Grange, and

Castcll of Scheris-

NU THARE

the Lard of Petmyllie,^

who war
to the

CAPTIVITY.

burgh,3 that

Avoid

come

Messe with the Capitane

Wlio answered,

"

That the Capitane had commandiment to

keape thare bodyes, but he had no power to command thare

The Capitane roplyed, "That he had power to command and to compell thame to go whare he yead." Thei answered, " That to go to any lauchfull place with him, thei wold nott refuise but to do any thing that was against thare
conscience."
;

conscience thei wold

not,

nether for him, nor yitt for the

well as the " Laird,"

'

lu order not to crowd the pages

was implicated

in

unnecessarily, some fiu'ther particulars

couiiteuaucing the conspirators.

the
la.st

On

respecting
for the

Norman

Lesley are reserved

Appendix, No. XI. ^ JMonypenny of Pitmilly, in the parish

is

singer
to

of November 154G, "a meswas sent with ane letter direct

summound Jonet Monypenie, douchfor hir

in

of Kingsbarns, in Fife,

a family of
of Cardinal

ter to the Laird of Petmylle,

old standing.

The mother

remanyng
drois.

the Castell of Sanctanassist-

milly.

Beaton was Isabell Monypenny of PitDavid Mony^jenny, heir apparent of Pctmillie, had a charter under

and intercommonyng and

ance gevin be hir to

Normound

Leslie

and
*

his complices, slaares of

my

Lord

the Great Seal, dated 30th

It is
'

March

1.549.

Cardinall."

(Treasurer's Accounts.)
is

noticed at page 223, note

of treason

2, tliat

Sherisburg,

evidently Cherburg or

upon the Laird of Petmille, to the 21st February 1548-9, had been served on the 5th December 1548. But one of his daughter.?, as
VOL.
1,

summons

Cherbourg, a well known sea-port in

France,
in Lower Cape La Ilogue.)

Normandy, (near

226
King."

THE HISTORY OP
The Capitane
said, " Will

Book

T.

ye nott go to the Messe

us,

?"

Thai answered, "

No

and yf ye wald compell

;

yitt will

we

displease
all

yow

farther

for

we

will so use our selfis thare,

that

those that ar present shall

knaw

that

we

dispite it/'

These same answeris, (and

somewhat

schai'par,)

Williame

Kirkcaldye, Petir Carmichaell, and such as war with thame

in

Mont Sanct

Michaell, gave to thare

Capitane

for thei

said,

" Thei wold nott only hear

it,

Messe everie day, but that

Maister

thei wold help to say

preastis, or ellis thei

provided that thei mycht stick the

wold nott."

Henry Balnaves,!
is,

who was
of all
;

in the Castell of

Rowane, was most sharplie assaulted

for

becaus he was judged learned, (as he was, and

in deid,) tharefoir learned

him,

men war appointed to trawall with with whome he had many conflictes hut God so ever
;

assisted him, that thei departed confounded, and he, by the

power of

(jroddis Sprcit,

remaned constant

in the trewtli

and
to

profession of the same, without

idolatrie.

any wavering or declynyng

In the preasone he wrait a most profitable Treatise

of Justificatioun,2 and of the workis and conversatioun of a

Henry Balnavcs

of Halliill raised
liis

ing,

was discovered

in 1\IS. at Ormiston,

himself to distinction by
application.

talents

and

After piu-suing his studies

subsequently to the death both of Knox and the Author. Yet David Buchanan,
instead of these words, makes Knox to say, " wliich is extant to this day." It

abroad for several years, he retiu'ned to Scotland, and was admitted an AdIn July vocate in November 1537. 1538, he was appointed a Lord of Session and sur\'ived till the year 1570. A more minute account of liis history connexion will be given in Vol. III., with extracts fi"om the Treatise mentioned in the following note, to which Knox prefixed an Epistle, in the year
;

was
title

first
:

published under the following

"The Confession of Faith, conteining how the troubled man should seeke refiige at his God, thereto led by Faith
:

with the Declaration of the article of

Justification at length, &c.

Compiled

by M. Henry Balnaves

of Halliill,

and

1548.
2 This treatise on Justification, of which Knox, we are informed, had expressed an earnest desire, as almost

one of the Lords of Session and Counsell of Scotland, being a prisoner within the old Pallaice of

Roane

In the

year of our Lord 1548.

Impi'inted at
Vautrollier.

nothirKj more, that it

should be diligently

Edmburgh,
1584."

by Thomas

sought

after,

and preserved from perish-

Small 8vo.

1548.

THE REFORMATION man

:

IN SCOTLAND.
suppressed,

227
nott.

justifcid

but

how

it

is

we know

These that war

in the galayis

war threatned with tormentis,

(for at ccrtano
ellis

yf thei wold not geve reverence to the Messe,

tymes the Messe was said in the galay, or

the schoar, in^ presence of the forsaris
;)

heard upoun

butt thci could never

mack the
idole.

poorest of that

cumpanye

to geve reverence to that

Yea, when upoun the Sctterday at nycht, thei song

thare Salve Regina, the hole Scottishnien putt on thare cappes,

thare hoodis, or such thing as thei had to cover thare headis

and when that

after ones

otheris

war compelled

to kyss a paynted brod,

(which thei called " Nostre Dame,") thei war not preassed
;

for this

was the chance.

Sone

after the arrivall at fIct!^

Nances,2 thare great Salve was song, and a glorious painted

Lady was brought

tillye said,

in to be kissed, and, amongis otheris,

was
gen;

presented to one of the Scotishmen then cheyned.

He

"Truble
I

me

nott; such ane idole ^

it."

is

accurssed

and

tharefoir

will

not tuich
officeris,
''

The Patron and the

all
it ;"

Arguesyn, with two

such materis,
said,
it

having the cheaf charge of

salt

Thow

handill
it

and

so

thei
;

violentlie thrust

to his face,

and putt and

betuix his handis

who now

scing the extremitie, tooke the idole,

it

and

advisitlie look-

ing about, he caist

saif hir self:

in the rivare,

said, "
;

Lett our Lady

learne to

sclie is

lycht aneuch

lett hir

swyme."
idolatrie.

After that was no Scotish

man urged

with that

These ar thingis that appear to bo of no great importance

and
^

yit yf

we do
edit,

rychtlie considder, thei expressc the

same

In Vautr.

the worcls, " the

Messe was said in the gallay, or ellis heard upoun the schoar, in," are omitted by the printer, at the foot of page 181. The words arc likcwLsc omitted in MSS. L 2 and I. ^ The Citj' of Nantes: see note 2, page 208.

' MS. Q reads correctly, " such an idolh ;" but Vautr. edit, has, " such a

Jewell

is

accursed

;"

and
E,
I,

this

blunder

is

retained in

MSS. A,

(" javcl,"')

L 2,

and W. Although no name is given in regard to the incident alluded to, this

"merry fact" Knox himself

evidontl>-

Imppciicd

to

228
obedience that

THE HISTORY OF
God requyred
of his people Israeli,
;

Book

I.

when

that

thei should be caiyed to

Babylon

for

he gave charge unto

thei should

thame, that when thei should see the Babylonians wirschipe

thare goddis of gold,
say, "
silver, mettall,

and woid, that

The goddis that have nott maid the heavin and the

earth shall perish frome the heavin, and out of the earth/'

That confessioun gave that hole nomber, during the tyme of

thare bondage
in thare
:

in the which,
;

wald God thei had continewed

fredome

for

then had nott Maister James Balfour

bein OfRciall,! neyther yitt borne a cope^ for pleasur of the

Bischope.

But

to

proceid.
intill

The

said

Maister James and

Johne Knox being

one galay, and being wounderous

familiare with him, wold often tyines ask his judgement, "

Yf

he thought that ever thei should be

answer was
"
ever, fra the

delivered ?"

Wliose

day that thei entered

in the galayis,

That God wald deliver thame from that bondage,

evin in this lyef"

to

his

glorie,

And

lyeing betuix

Dundye and
to

Sanctandrois, the secound

j/rfrfs/.vr MVl.T.t HINT

tyme^ that the galayis returned

so

Scotland, the said

Johne being

extreamlye seak, that few

jrsrnnrM
J/.-l

I.A

hoped his

lyeiF,

the said Maister James willed him to look

it ?

to the land,
I

and asked yf he knew

;

Who

answered, " Yes

knaw

it

weall

for I see the stepill of that place,

whare God
I

first

in publict

opened

my mouth
that

to his glorie,

and

am

fullie

persuaded,

how weak
lyif,
till

that ever I

now

appear, that I shall nott

glorifie his godlie

departe this

my

toung shall

name
James
last

in the

same

place."

This reported the said Maister

witness,
fiitt

in presence of

many famous

many

zearis be-

foir that

ever the said Johne sett his

in Scotland, this

tyme, to preache.

Williame Kirkcaldy, then of Grange, youngar, Petir Carmichaell, Robert and Williame Leslyes, who war altogetther
Official

'

of Lotliian
2;>5.

see

notes to

In

MS. G,

" a kape."
in

pages 202 and

Probably

June 1548.

lo4i).

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

2-2!t

ill

Mont Sanct
"
?"

Micliaell,! wrait to the said Jolinne,

tliei

asking bis

founsall,

Yf

mycht

witli

saif conscience

break tharc
A.NSUEK tliei ANI> COI'N-

preasone

Whose answer
thame
selfis

OHNHT was, " That yf without the blood ^* NOX Ul:*

of any sched or spilt by

thame

for thare

deliverance,

mycht
tak
it
:

sett

at fredome, that thei

mycht
"

S.4LLTOTHK saiflye tAPTlVKS.

but to sched any manes bloodc

for thare

fredome,

thaiiio wold he never consent/'

Adding

farther,

That he
rest

was assured that God wold deliver thame, and the

that cumpany, evin in the eis^ of the world
;

of

but not by such

meanes as we had looked

or

for,

that was by the force of freindis,

by thare other

labouris."

By

such meanes he affirmed thei

should nott be delivered, but that

God wold

so

wirk in the

deliverance of thame, that the praise thairof should redound

to his glorie onlye.

He
God

willed, tharefoir, everie

one to tack

the occasioun that

thei

offerred unto thame, providing that

committed nothing against Goddis expresse commandiselves.

ment, for deliverance of thame

He was

the more

earnest in geving his counsall, becaus that the old Larde of

Grange,^ and otheris, repugned to thare pui-poise, fearing least

that the eschaping of the otheris should be ane occasioun of

thare warse entreatment.

Whareunto the

said

Johnnc an-

swered, " That such fear proceided nott from Goddis Spreat,

but only from ane blynd luif of the self; and tharefor, that

no good purpoise was to be stayed for thingis that war

handis and power of God."

in the

And

added, " That in one instant

in the handis of unfoythfull

God

delivered all that

cumpany

men, but so wald he nott releave thame.

Mont St. Michel is a Benedictine Abbcy, with a village strongly fortified, oii a rocky island, surrounded with i(uicksands, and only accessible at low water. It is sixteen miles S.W. of
'

But some wald he

had often been beby tlie Engstrong and isolated

teenth

century,

sieged, but unsuccessfully,

lish.

From
it

its

position,
for
to

had probably been chosen that pmpose, and it still continues

In MS. G, " eyes."

Avranches, in Normandy.
tion
is

Its
;

situa-.

be used for a State prison,

'
^

highly picturesque

and many
fif-

chivalrous associations

arc connected

See note

3,

page 82.

with the place

which, dui-ing the

230
deliver

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

by one meanes, and at one tyme, and otlieiis must abyd for a season upon his good jjleasur." This counsall in tlie end embrased, upoun the Kinges Evin,l when Erench men
THEEscHAPING OF

commonUc use
liavinoall

to

diynk d

liberallie, )

the foirsaid four personis, '

i-

wiLLiAME
mJ^FEL^

the helpe and conducting of a boy of the house, band

Castell,

those that war in the

putt

thame

in

syndrie

houssis, locked the doores upon thame, took the keyis from FUKTH OP MONTSANCT MICHAELL. the Caj)itane, and departed, without harme done to the pex*-

sone of any, or without tueching of any thing that appar-

teaned to the King, the Capitane, or the house.

Great search was maid throwch the hole countrey for thame,^

But

it

was Goddis gud pleasur

so to conduct thame, that tliei

eschapcd the handis of the

travaill,

faithless, albeit it

was with long

;

and had

grait
left
;

pane and povertie

so nether having

susteaned

for

the

French boy
that
tliei

thame, and took with him the small poise

and

money, nor knawledge

took

of the

countrey,

and farther fearing that the boy should

dead he
did,) tliei

discrive thame, (as that in verray

purpose^ to devid thame

selfis,

to

change thare garmentis,

brethrein, Williame

and

to

go in sindrie partes.

The two

and

Robert Leslyes,^ (who now ar become, the said Robert espeThe King's Even, is evidently meant Eve of Epiphany, and the King of the Bean see footnote to page 51. David Buchanan, aware of this allusion, from his long residence in France, has " Lejourde this marginal illustration Roys an soir, quand Us crieiit Le Roy hoit.' " The mention of this ftte may show, that Kirkaldy and his companions had made theii* escajae on the 5th of January, and in the year 1549-50. 2 Sir John Masoue, Ambassador for England at the French Coui-t, on the 14th June 1550, says, "Touching the
^

-wliither,

and
;

tvyo others

for the

set at liberty

were ah-eady and that the rest, at the

VI.)

King (Edward
large."
i.

my

master's conVI., &c., vol.

teutation, should out of

hand be put at

(Tytler's Edward
edit,

jj.

295.)

'

^ *

In Vautr.

"they purposed."

The names

of these brethren are

very

much

overlooked by the different

Peerage writers of Scotland, in their pedigrees of the Rothes family. The fii'st mariiage of George Earl of Rothes with Margaret Crichton, daughter of

WiUiam Lord

Crichton,

was declared be-

Scots at St. Andi-ews, he (the Constable

of France) told

me that the Lord Grange

fore 1524 to be xmcanonical. But by this lady, " his affidate spouse," he had four

and

liis

brother are flown he wist not

sons

the eldest was George,

who

died

1550.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

231

ennemies to Christ Jesus and to all vcrtow,) came to Rowane. Williame Kirkcaldy and Petir Cannicliacl, in hcgciall,

g-aris

garment, came to Conqwet,^ and by the space of twclf

tliei

or threttein weakis,
poi-te

travailed as poorc marinaris, fromc

to poi-tc,

till

at lentli tliei gat a

French schipe, and

landed in the Weast, and from thense came to England, whare tliei mctt befoir thame the said Joline Knox, who that same
w^-nter

was

delivered,

and Alexander Clerk^

first

in his

cumpany.

The

said Johne'^
;

was

appointed preachar to Benvik,

he was called to London, and to the soAvth partes of England, whare he remaned to the death
then to Newcastell
last

of

King Edwart the

Sext.8

When he

left

England, then ho
till

passed to Geneva, and tliare remaned at his privat study,

that he was called by the Engliss^ congregatioun, that then

unmarried the others were Norman, William, and Robert. The reader may be referred to the Appendix of Nisbet's
;

in the parish of Spynie,

and became
IIo

founder of the Fendrassie family.

Hei'akb-y, vol.

ii.

p. 141, to

explain the

grounds upon which the two latter, as heirs-male, were passed over in the succession, at then* father's death, in 1558,

married Janet Elphingstone, a daughter of Robert Lord Elplmigstone, and left three sons and two daughters. An
inscription, in Latin verse, in the Cathe-

by a subsequent marriage, and who had

iVntb-ew Lesley, the eldest son

when

married a niece of the Governor the Earl of Arran, became Earl of Rothes. Of these two brcthi'en, William is styled
iu

dral Chui'ch of Elgin, while it commemorates their virtues and attachment, records that he and his wife were interred in the same grave. (Montcith's

Theatre of Mortality,
1713, 8vo.)
5

p. 222,

Edinb.,

Macfarlane's Genealogical
" Laird of Cairnie, and,

Collec(it

Le Conquet, a small town of Britanny,

tions,

is

added,) as some say, he died without

succession."

Bishop Lesley, in noticing

with a good harbour, opposite the island of Ushant, sixteen miles west of Brest. " He was probably the same person

the death of
for

Norman

Lesley in France,
of France,

in 1554, says, "

The I^ig

with Alexander Clark of Balbu'nic, who became Lord Provost of Edinburgh

his eldeft brudir

recompencc of his service, received William in favour, and

liim gentill
p.

from 1579
'

to

1583 inclusive.

maid

man

of his chalmer."

(History,
15GC.

249.)

Knox's words in

Knox simis up own history between February 1 548-9, when he was delivered from
In this paragraph
briefly his

the text imply that he

was

alive in

The other brother Robert, is perhaps the same who was admitted an Advocate in the Coui't of Session, in

the French galley, and his first return to Scotland, in the end of harvest 1555.

Edward

died on the

Otii
is

July 1553.
omitted la

The word

" English"

May

1537.

lie settled in Moray-diire,

\'autr. edit.

232

THE HISTORY OF
to be preachear to

Book
tliame

I.

was assembled at Franctfoorde,

Which vocatioun he obeyed, (all)eit unwillinglye,) at the commandhnent of that notable servand of God, Johne Calvyne. At Franctfoord he remaned, till that some of the learned,
(whose names we suppress,) moir gevin to unprofitable ceremonies,! then to synceritie of religioun, began to qwerrall with

the said Johnne

and becaus
of treason e

tliei

dispared to prevaill befoir

the Magistrat thare, for the establissing of thare corniptionis,

thei accused

him

committed against the Emperour,

and against thare Soverane Quein Marie, that in his AdmoNiTiouN TO England,^ he called the one lytill inferiour to
Nero, and the other more cruell then Jezabell.
trat

The Magis-

perceaving

thare

malice,

and fearing that the said

Johnne should

fall in

the handis of his accusatouris, by one

meane

or

by

other,
citie
;

gave advertisment secreatlie to him to

for thei could not

departe thare

saif

him yf he ware

required by the Emperour, or by the Quein of England in

the Emperouris

name

and

so

the said Johne returned to

Geneva, from thense to Deape, and thairafter to Scotland, as

we
'

shall after hear.

Knox has abstained

fi'oiu

entering

It

is

entitled,

"A

Brieff Discours off

upon any statement of the disputes which took place in the English congi-egation

the Troubles begmine at Franckford in

at

Francfort,

in

155-4,

consequence of the introduction, by Dr.

Coxe and others, of the Book of Common Prayer, and the use of various ceremonies. A short paper by Knox
himself, connected with the charge brought against liim before the INIagistrates of Francfort, has been preserved by Calderwood, (Hist., vol. i. p. 120,)

Germany, Anno Domini 1554. Abowte the Booke off Common Prayer and Ceremonies, and continued by the Englishe men theyre, to thame oif Q. JMaries Reigne," and was originally published (at Geneva) in 1575, 4to. There is an accurate reprint of it at London, by John Petheram, 1846, 8vo, in Avhich it is suggested, by the Rev. Thomas M'Crie,
with great probability, the author may have been Dr. William Whittiugham.
- There were two editions of Knox's Admonition printed in 1554, within a few months of each other, under a fictitious imprint, and both of them abroad,

and

will naturally fall to be included in

Vol. in. of the present

work.

But a

detailed accoimt of the transactions at

was drawn up and published anonymously, three years after Kjiox's death, by one of the Nonconformists.
that time

as will be fully described in Vol.

III.

1550.

THE REFORiMATION
tynie

IN SCOTLAND.

233

Tlie

and that wynter that

Gilbert,

ScotUind, war delivered Maister

threin,

David and

tlie gahiycs remaned in James Balfour, his twa breJohne Auchinlek, Johnne Sibbald,

Johne Gray, William Guttliery, and Stevin Bell.i The gentilmen that remaned in preasonis war, by the procurement of
tlie

Quein Dowager,

to the

Cardinall of Loranc and to the

King of France,
1550
;

sett at libertie in the

moneth

of Julij,

Anno

who

schorte tharefter
tliei

war

called to Scotland,^ tliare

peax proclamed, and

in dyspite of tliare

thame

selfis

restored to thare landis,

ennemies.

And

that -was done in hatterent

of the Duck, becaus that then France begane to thrist to have

the regiment of Scotland in thare awin handis.

it

How

soever

was,

God maid

the heartis of thare ennemyes to sett thame

at libertie

and fredome.

Thare rested a nomber of commoun

servandis yitt in the galayes,

contract of peace that was
after the

tackin of

who war all delivered upoun the maid betuix France and England, Bullon and so was the liaill cumpany
;

sett at libertie,

none perishing,^ (no nott befoir the world,)

soun of Sanct Nycholace liirk, beside Cowper, qiihilkis pertenis to our Souerane Lady be resoun of eschete, thi-ou the said Maister Jlionnis being fugitive ft-a the lawes for art and part of the
slauchter of the
Cardinall."

'

In printing these names, Vautr.

edit, is

very incorrect

instead of John

Sibbald, Jolin Gray, William Guthrie, &c., it has " John S'Mard, John Gray,
icitfun gathered,

and Stevin
2

Bell."

Yet

this imintelligible

nonsense

is literally

Gray's
Parlia-

copied in

MSS. L

and

I.

MSS. A, W,

name, however,
list

is

not included in the

and E, have "Sibbard," but give Guthry's

name correctly.

In the

summons of trea-

of persons forfeited by the ment on the 14th August 1546.

"

son against the conspirators, John Sibbald is called " brother of the Laird of

From

the above paragraph in Knox,

that

it

appears

the

prisoners were

Cukiston

;"

and Auchinlcck

is

styled

liberated at different periods between

Sir John Auchinleck, chaplain. For mention of Guthrey, in connexion with

the Winter of 1648-9, and July 1550.

^

Tliis

statement of Kno.K, written

in

an indignity
Pitscottie.

offered to the Cardinal's

1566, or twenty years after the event,

is

body, the reader

In
counts,

may

be referred to Acto

certainly

very

the

Treasurer's

assertions which arc easier

much opposed to made th.iii

wc

find 10s.

was paid

a mcs-

proved,

senger, sent on the 3d of December 1547, with " Letters to serche and seik the gudes of Maister

tliat all the persons conoerned in Cardinal Beaton's assassination came to a violent death. There is no

Jhonne Gray,

per-

doubt that Bishop Lesley says, " Cardis

234

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

except James Melvin, wlio departed from the miserie of this

lyif in the Castell of Byrst in Bartainzea.^

This

how

potentlye

we wryte to God

lett

the posteriteis to come understand,

wrouglit in preserving and delivering of

these that had butt a small knowledge of his trewth, and for

the luif of the same hasarded

in our

all

that yf that eyther

or our

we now
that

day is, having grettar

ane
to

lycht,

posteriteis

shall follow us, shall sec

fearfull dispersioun of

such as

oppone thame

selfis

impietie,

or

tack upoun tliame to

punishe the same, otherwiese then lawis of

yf,

men

will

pemiite
it

(we say,) we or

tliei^ shall see

such
;

left

of men, yea, as

war, dispyssed and punished of

God

yit lett us nott

dampne
;)

the personis that punish vice, (and that for just caussis
yitt dispare, butt that the

nor

same God that

dejectes, (for causes

unknawin

to us,) will raise

up agane the personis

*

dejected.

hujus auctores violenta morte Deo vindice mulctantur ;" (De Rebus Gestis, &c., p. 482 ;) but he passes tliis over in Dempsilence, in his English History.
ster also asserts "

note

Melville. See page 177. Spotiswood says he was " one of the house of Carnbee." In this way, we may conjecture he was
1,

James Melvin or

Nam

nullus nefariviolenta morte

brother of John Mailvile of Carnbee,

orum percussorum non

who had
ton, 21st

charters of the lands of Gran-

(Hist. Eccles. p. 89.) extinctus est." " So, 'tis observed by the Protestants,

February 1508-9, and

Leiinnonth,

to his

wife IVIargaret

26tli

May

that there

was not one

of his (Beaton's)

1513.

Their son, John Mailvile of Carn-

mm-derers but afterwards died a violent, and, for the most part, an ignommious (Preface to Beaugue's History, death."

bee junior, and his wife Janet Inglis, had a charter of half of these lands,

not necessary to quote similar assertions reiterated by writers of the

p. 50.)
It is

The person who 26th June 1509. acted such a promhient part in Cardinal Beaton's murder, was called
Senior, probably to distinguish him " from James, "naturali et legitime filio of John Mailvile of Carnbee, who had a

present day.
true,

James

Melville died,

it is

during his imprisonment, in 1548 or 1549, but certaialy not a violent death. Norman Lesley died of his wounds, but in no inglorious manner, in 1554 and
;

charter of half the lands of Carnbee,

15th November 1528.

tanzea,
is

Brist

in Bar-

nineteen years later, in August 1573, Su' William Kii-kaldy of Grange, after
liis

known

the same as Brest, the well sea-port of France, one of the

gallant defence of the Castle of Edin-

best harbours in Europe, on the west

coast of Britanny. MS. G, " Gif we, I say, or they."
=^

burgh, suffered an ignominious death. Any other uistance of a violent death

remains to be proven.

1550.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

and thare
confortc.

235

to his g-lorye

And

to Ictt tlie world un-

derstand in plane termes what

of this

wo mcane,

that great abusar

'^"^'

commoun

wealth, that pultron and vylc knave Davie

was
jm.

justlie punished, the nynt of Merch, in the year of God^ vim"^^ yc. threscore fyve, for abusing of the commoun wealth, ^'^'''^
for his other villany,2

and

which we

list

nott to express,

by

the counsall and handis of James Dowglas, Eric of Morton,

Patrik Lord Lyndesay, and the Lord Ruthven, with otheris

assistaris in thare

cumpany, who
praise, ar

all,

for thare just act,

left

and

most worthy of
brethrein,

all

now unworthely

of thare

and
is

suffer the bitterness of

banishement and exyle.

But

this

our hope in the mercyes of our God, that this

it

same blynd generatioun, whither

justlye persewed

will or nott, slialbe

comin-

pelled to see that he will have respect to

;

thame that ar

that he will apardoun thare formar offenses

that he will restore thame to the libertie of thare countrey

and common wealth agane

disj)yte of
just,
lies

and that he
taill,

will

punish,

(in

man,) the head and the

impietie.

that
is

now

trubles the
:

and manteanes
two branches
;

The head

knawin

the

taill

the temporall Lordis that manteanc hir

'
'

t"k k^cl. abhominationis, and hir flattering ' ^ counsallouris, blasphemous LARI.i OF Balfour, now called Clerk of Register.^ Sinclar Dcane of ,"':^")'"^-''^
15bb, ANi>
. .

Restalrige and Bischope of Brechin, blynd of ane eie in the thaiukpre. '
>J
, .
. ^

UICTIOUN.

body, but of boithe in his saule,^ upoun

whome God

schortlie

In Vautr. edit. " yeare of our Lord." In Vautr. edit, the woi'd ri^foiM was mistaken for the name of a person, and thus we have " his other William ,-" and in the marginal note, " The slaughter of that Williame Davie." The date of
^

of Flisk, when raised to the bench, 12th Immediately after November 1561. Rizzio's murder, in March 150(3, he was knighted, and appointed Lord Clerk-Register, in place of Mr. James
Macgill, one of the conspii-ators.

Aiid

this event, so

memorable
relation to

in Scotish his-

on the Gth December 1567, Ballbur be-

tory,

from

its

Queen Mary,

came Lord President, by

Petteudreich.
*

the title of

was +he 9th

3

of

March

1565-6.

Balfour, as stated at page 202,

was

John

Sinclair,

Official of Lothian,
liis

and he

still

retained

died in April
note.

1566

Bishop of Brechin, see subsequeut

:

ecclesiastical denomination,

Parson

236
after took

THE HISTORY OP
vengeance
;

Book

T.

[Jolm^] Leslyc, preastis gett,^ Abbot

of

of Londorse

and Biscliope
riglit

Ross,

Symon Preastoun
it

of

Craigmyllare,^ a

epicureane, whose end wilbe, or

be

long, according to thare warkis.

Butt now to returne to our

Historye.

Haddingtoun being keapt,^ and mucli

in the countrey,
(for wliat

hearscliipe done about

nott,

the Engliss

that was consumed by the French,)

for

men destroyed God begynnis to

feght

Schotland

for in the

toun he send a peast so contagious,

that with great difficultie coukl thei have thare dead buryed.
oft refresched with new men, but all was in vane. Hunger and pest within, and the persuyt of the ennemy with a campe volant lay about thame, and intercepted all victiiallis, (except when thei war brought by ane convoy from Bervvik,) so constrayned ^hame that the Counsall of England was comand pelled in spring tvme to call thare forses from that place

Thei war

so spuilzeing
it

and uurnyng some parte of the toune,

,7j^

thei left

to be occupye^^

such as

first

should tack possessioun,

and those war the Frenchmen, with a meane nomber of the

ancient inhabitantis.

And

so did

God performe the woordis

George Wisharte, wdio
with

and threatnyng of
said,

his servand, Maister

"

That

for

thare

contempt of Goddis messinger, thei

sweard
;"

should be visited with

strangearis,
fectioun,

and
all

fyre,

pestilence,

and famyne

which

thei fand in such perlies

that to this day yitt,

that toune

neyther re-

^ The person here referred to, and whose baptismal name is left blank in the MS., and in all the later copies, was Jolm Lesley, Bishop of Ross. This eminent and learned Prelate, whom

shown from
ley's

original documents.

Les-

several

preferments will after-

wards be
^

noticed.

He

survived
;"

till

the

year 1596.
In Vautr.
Sir
edit.

" gate

MS. G,
:

Knox
mate

calls

"a priest's

gett," or illegiti-

" geitt."
^

child,

was the natm-al son

of

Symon Preston
page 121.

of Craigmillar

Gawin

Lesley, parson of lOngussie, as

see note 3,
^

Keith, in his Catalogue of Bishops, has

In the MS. " keape."

1550.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

men
of such

237

covered the formal- beautie, nor yit

habilitie, as

wisdome and

then did inhahite

it.

and Scotland

Hearafter was Peace contracted betuix France and Enghuid ;i yea, a severall Peace was contracted betuix
all

ScotLand and Flanderis, togetther with

so that Scotland

the Easterlingis

had peace with the world.2 Butt yitt wold thare Bischopes maik warr against God for how sone that ever thei gat any qwyetness, tliei apprehended Adame Wallace,3 alias Fean, a sempill man, without great learnyng, but
;

ane that was zclous in godlynes and of ane uprycht

of the

lyeff.

He

with his wyif Beatrice Levingstoun, frequented the cumpany

Lady Ormestoun,^

for

instructioun of hir

childrein,

during the truble of hir husband,

who then was

banissed.

This bastard, called Bischope of Sanctandrois, took the said

Adame

fiirth

of the place of Wyntoun,^

(men supposed that

fl'

* A treaty of peace between England and France, comprising Scotland, was

corporated at
1539.

His
Jul:y It

gow
iind

in

1536 and

trial

concluded at Boulogne, on the

in April 1550.

24tli

place in 155^'

ye

execution took in the Latin verses

St.

March, and proclaimed at Edinburgii

There was concluded a commercial treaty between France and the Low
2

by John Johnston of
the Scotish
l^'>.rtyrs,

Andrews, on
is

the date given

17th

(" Constantissime de-

mum
*

and a treaty of peace between the Emperor Charles the Fifth and Mary Queen of Scots, 15th December 1550.
Countries,

2Gth April

1550

pro testimonio Christi mortuus, Edinburgi xvii Julij 1549.")

The wife of .John Cockburn of Ormis-

trial,

From Foxe's account of Wallace's we learn that he was a native of

in

Fail,

Ayi-shire;

and there was a

Fail,

family of Wallace of Feale.

Failford,

or

in

the parish of Torbolton,

was the

site of

a Monastery fovmded in

1252, which belonged to the

Red

Friars.

(See the notices in

New

Stat. Account,

Ayrshire,

p. 748, &c.)

The manner

in

days Lady Ormiston, was Alison Sandilands, daughter of Sir James Sandilands of Calder. Her son Alexander, was Knox's pupil see note 3, page 185. She was still alive in 1584, when Vautrollier dedicated "To the Honourable and vertuous Ladie Alison Sandilands, Lady of Hormiston," the treatise called " The Confession of Faith," by Henry Balnaves, (sec note 3, page 226,) the MS. of which had been
ton, called in those
:

which Knox speaks of Wallace as "a simple man without learnmg," may mean without much pretension to learning, or not having enjoyed a learned education. Yet we find two persons of the same name. Adam Wallace, in-

fortunately discovered at Ormiston, by

Richard Baiuiatyne, Knox's Secretary. ' Winton Castle, in the parisli of Tencaitland. East Lothian, about five miles
west fi'om Haddington, ajipears to iiave been a place of great splendour, accord-

238
tliei

THE HISTORY OF
thowglit to have
to

Boor

I.

appreliended the Lard,) and

carj'-ed

him

Edinburgh

whare, after certane dayis, he was pre-

sented to judgement in the Kirk of the Blak thevis alias

Freiris,^ befoir the

Duik, the Erie of Huntley, and diverse

otheris besydis, the Bischoppes

THE ACCUSATIOUN OF

and thare

rable.

Tliei

begyn

to

accuse him, (Maister Johnne Lauder 7 was Accusatour,)

ADAME WALLACE AND HIS

ANSWERIS.

"

That he took upoun him to preach."

tharefoir he never took

He

answered, " That

he never judged himself worthy of sa excellent a vocatioun,

and

upoun him
reid,

to preach

but he

wold not deny, butt sometymcs at the

in other prevey places,
tures,

table,

and sometymes

he wald

and had red the Scrip" Knave,

and had gevin such exhortatioun as God pleaseth to

THE PAPISTICALL

geve to him, to such as pleased to hear him."

" I

MANER OF
ACCUSATIOUN.

(quod ane,) what have ye to do to medle with the Scriptures ?"

think,

(said

he,)

it

is

the dewitie of everie

Christiane to seak the will of his God, and the assurance of

ing to

tlie glowing description of it by Sir Richard Maitland, in his " Historie

a sudden

fire, on the 25th April 1528, and had only been partially rebuilt at

p. 35.

and Cronicle of the House of Seyton," Winton House or <9<y stlo, " biggit, "with the yard and gardiug tliereof," by George second Lord Seaton, we are informed, was burned, and the policy ;" destroyed, " by the English of old but the house was re-edified by George tenth Lord Seaton, and thii'd Earl of
AVinton, in 1620.
^ The monastery of the Dominican or Black Friars was one of the largest establishments in Edinburgh, with extensive gardens, occupying the site of the building which formerly was the High School, on the rising ground to the south of the Cowgate. The close,

the time of the Reformation.

'

To the notices

at page 152, respectit

ing John Lauder,

may be added, that being one of the Auditors of the Chamberlain's Accounts for the Archbishop-

rick of St. Andrews, from 1540 to 1549,

or

"le Venelle,"

still

known

as the

Wynd, formed a connexion between the Monastery and the High Street, and had been granted to the Friars by Alexander the Second. The Convent was burned to the ground by
Blackfriars

he is styled Archdeacon of Teviotdale. (MS. Rental Book, Advocates Library.) In Foxe's accoimt of the trial of Adam Wallace, 1550, Lauder is called Parson of Morebattle. In February 1551, he is styled Archidene of Teviotdale, and Notary Public of St. Andrews. (Acta Pari. Scot., vol. ii. p. 489.) In the same year, Lauder signs a deed as " Secretarius " of Ai'chbishop Hamilton, (MS. Rental Book, at St. Andrews :) as the deed referred to was cancelled, and reconfirmed in 1556, Avithout any
notice of Lauder's name,
it

may be

con-

jectured that he had died during that

interval.

1550,

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

it is

239
is Avitliin liis

his salvatioiin, wliare

to be found,

and that
(said

Old and
shall

New

Testament."

" Wliat tlien,

ane other,)

we

leave to the Bischoppis and

Kirkmen

to do, yf everie

man

shalbe a bahler upoun the Byble

" It

bccnmithi yow,
liis

(said he,) to speak

more

reverentlic of God,

and of

blessed

wordc
for

Yf

the judge war uncorrupt, he wald punish

yow

your blasphemye.

But

to

your questioun, I answer, Tliat

this realme,

albeit

ye and

I,

and other fyve thowsand within

it

should read the Byble, and speak of

us to speak, yitt
left

what God should gevc

for

we more

to the Bischoppcs to do, nor

;

eytlier thci will or yit

can weill do

we

leave to

thamc
to fead

publictly to preach the Evangell of Jesus Christ,

and

the flock, which he hath redeamed by his awin bloode, and

hes

commanded the same

to the cayre of all trew pastouris.

And when we

leave this unto thame,

;

me

think

we
it

leave to

thamc a heavy burdein

and that we do unto thame na wrong,

is

althowght we search our awin salvatioun wliarc

found, considdering that thei ar but
salt,

to

be

dum
is

doggis,

and unsavory

that hes altogither lost the seasson."

The Bischoppcs
?

heirat offended, said, "

What

pratting

this

Lett his accu-

satioun be redd."

And
Thow

than was begun, " False tratour, heretik, thow bap-

tised thy

awin barne
that
to

Thow

said,

thare

is

no Purgatorie
the dead
is

said,

pray to Sanctes and

superstitioun, &c.

for

idolatrie

and a vane

Wliat sayis thow of

these thinges ?"

He

answered, "

Yf

I should be

bound

to

answer, I wold requyre an uprycht and indifferent judge."

The Erie
1

of Hunteley^ disdanefullie said,

" Foolishe

man,

In MS. G, " bindctli."

George Gordon, fourth Earl of Huntley, succeeded his grandfather in the year
2

1524.

In

15-1(3,

after Cardinal Beaton's

and he was killed fighting against tho Earl of Murray, at Corrichic, about twelve miles from Aberdeen, 28th October 1562. (Douglas and Wood's Peerage, vol.
i.

death, he

became Lord High Chancellor. His subsequent history is well known;

p.

G48

Senators of the Col-

lege of Justice, p. 83-87.)

240
wilt tliow desyre

THE HISTORY OF
aue uther jutlge nor

Book

I.

my

Lorde Dukis Grace,

great Goveniour of Scotland, and

my
;

Lordis the Bisclioppes,

and the Clargy hear present

?"

Whairto he answered, " The

Bischoj)pes can be no judges to

me

for thei ar

oppen enne-

myes

to

me and

to the doctrin that I professe.

I

And

as for

my
lyes

Lord Duck,

can not

tell

yf he

lies

the knowledge

that should be in

him that should judge and decerne betuix and the trewth, the inventionis of men and the trew
I desyre

wirschipping of God.

Goddis word (and with that

judge betuix the Bisclioppes
all

he produced the Byble)

to be

and me, and

book, I salbe

am

content that ye

hear,

and yf by

this

convict to have

tawght, spokin, or done, in

will,

materis of religioun, any thing that re]3ugncs to Goddis

I refuise not to

dye

but yf I can nott be convict, (as I

sail

am

assured by Goddis woord I

nott,)

then

I in

Goddis name
"

desyre your assistance, that malicious

men

execut not upoun

me

injust tyranny."
is

The Erie
?

of Huntcley said,
shalt gett

What

babling foole

this
sitt

Thow

none other judges

then those that

sured,
"

heir."

The good
it

will of

Whainnto the said Adam anGod be done. But be ye assured,

my

Lord, with sic measur as ye mett to otheris, with the

same measur

shalbe mett to

yow

agane.

know

that I

shall dye, but be

ye assured, that

my

blood shalbe requyred

of your handis."
I'ROTESTA-

TIOUN OF

Alexander Erie of Glencarne,!

yitt

alyve,

said

to

the

THEERLEOF

" Tack GLENCARNE. Bischope of Orknay,^ and otheris that satt ney him, yow yon, my Lordis of the Clargye ;3 for hear I protest,

for

my

parte,
fear,

that I consent nott to his death."

without

prepared the said

Adam
he

to answer.
said,
" It

And so, And first,

is

to the baptising of his

als

awin

child,

was and

lauchfull

to

me,

for

lack of a trew minister, to baptise

"

'

See note 4, page 72. Robert Reid see subsequent note.

:

Jq Vautr.

edit.

Take yon

all,

my

Lordis, of the clergie."

IS.W.

THE REFORMATION
child, as that it

IN SCOTLAND.

241

my

awin

was

to

Abraham

to circumcise his

sone Ismacl and his familie.

to Sanctcs,

And

as for Purgatorie, praying

oft redd, (said he,) boith

and

for the dead, I

have

the

New and
ar but

Old Tcstamentis, but

;

I nether could find

men-

tioun nor assurance of thame

tliei

and

tharefoir, I beleve, that

mear inventionis
thow
of the

of men, devised for covetousnes

this,

saik."

" Wcall,

(quod the Bischope,) ye hear

my

Lordis."

"

What
'

sayis

Messe

?" spearis

the Eric of Huntley,

He

ansuered, " I say,

my

Lord, as

my

master Jesus Christ

is lucje
!

sayis,

That which

is

in greatast estimatioun befoir men,

[i.i

abomination befoir God/"

heresye
i"
;

Then

all

cryed out, " Hcresye

And

so

was the sempill scrvand of God adjudged

Castell-hill.i

to the fyre

which he patientlie susteaned that same day, at

agane to pollute the land, which God

after nunc,

upoun the
began
tliei
;

And
had

so

laitlie

plagued

for yitt thare iniquitie

was nott come

to

so full rypnes, as that

God wold

that

tliei

should be manito be faggottis

fested to this hole realnie, (as this

day

tliei ar,)

prepared for the everlesting fyre, and to be

plagues

men whome

nether

may

correct,

nor the light of Goddis woorde converte

from thare darknes and impietie.

The Peace,
by sea

as said

is,

contracted, the Quein

to France, with galayes,^ that for that purpose

liir

Dowager past war

prepared, and took with

diverse of the nobilitie of Scot-

land, to witt, the Erles Huntley, Glencarne, Marschell, Cassillcs,

the Lordis Maxwell, Fleyming, Schir George Dowglass,

at Leith on the 7th, reached Dieppe on the 19th, and Rouen on the 25th September 1550. In this visit to hor daughter in France, she was absent

Foxe, in his Book of Martyrs, as

2,

embarked

already noticed in note

execution of

page 180, has

It will

given a minute account of the trial and

Adam

Wallace.

be

inserted as No. XII. in the Appendix to

this volume, every
rati\ 3 of
pei'iod,

for

upwards of twelve

montlis.

On her

contemporary nar-

such proceedings, at this early

being possessed of more than

.Scotland

she landed at Portsmouth, a l)out the middle of October 1551, and proceeded to Loudon, where; she was welretiu'n,

ordinary interest.
*

corned by

Edward

the Sixtli and

2,

tlie

The Queen Dowager of

VOL.
I.

Euglisli Court.

See note

page 243.

242
togithcr
Avitli

THE HISTORY OF
all

Book

I.

the Kinges Sonnes, and diverse baronis and

estalt, tlie Biscliope of

gentillmen of ecclcsiasticall

Galloway,

and many
can nott

otlicris,

with promisscs that thei should be richcly

service.

rewarded for thare good

tell
;

Wliat thei receaved

we

Dowager had

The somewhat with hir brethrein, the Duck of Gueise, and the Cardinall of Lorane, the wcght for schortly after hir rewharof the Governour after felt
but few maid ruse at thare returnyng.
to practise
:

turnyng, was the Governour deposed of the governement,

(justly

by God, but most

in the year of

injustly

Regent

God

J'

V'

fyfty four

by men,) and she maid ;l and a crounc

putt upone hir head, als seimlyc a sight, (yf

as to putt a sadill
so

men had

cis,)

upoun the back of anc unrcwly kow.

practise,
riclie,

And

began she to practise practise u^ioun

for that Avas hir

how France
So that

myclit be advanced, hir freindis maid

to immortall gloric
I
:

and sche brought

talk, "
freindis,

commoun

may

procure the wealth and honour of

my

and a
after

good fame unto

with me/'

my

self,

I regard nott

w^liat

God do

And

in verray deid, in deap dissimulatioun, to

effect,

bring hir awin purpose to

sorte of

sche passed the

commoun

women,

as

we

will after licare.

self

Butt yit God, to

whose Evangell she declared hir

frustrat hu* of all hir devises.

ennemye, in the end

Thus did
Scotland
light,
;

light

and darknes stryve within the realme of

the darknes ever befoir the world suppressing the

from the death of that notable servand of God, Maister

AND VEETE0fl

THE DEATH Patrik

OF

EDWARD
THE SEXT.

Hammyltoun, unto the death of Edwarde the Saxt, that most godly and most verteous King that hath bein knowin to have rounge in England, or elles Avhare, these many
1

In December 1553, Henry the Se-

wrote to the Duke of Chatelherault, to iaduce him to

cond,
of France,

lOng

addressed an order to the Duke to that effect. This led to Ms resignation, and

resign the Regency of Scotland in fa-

vour of the Queen Dowager

the

and on 22d Marcli 1553-4, the young Queen

;

on the 12th April 1554, Mary of Guise, Queen Dowager, was proclaimed Regent of Scotland, with great solemnity

and public

rejoicings.

1553.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

243

ycaris byjmst,
Julij,

Anno,
the

of

all

who departed the miseric of tliis lyef the vj of The death of this Prince was Lamented godly within Europe for the graces gevin unto him
&c., 1553.
;

of God, as weall of nature as of eruditioun

and godlines,

passed the measur that accustomablyc useth to be gevin to

other Princes in thare grettast perfectioun, and yitt exceaded

he nott sextein yearis of

aige.

What

gravitie abuf age,

what

wisdomc passing
teritie

all

cxpectatioun of man,l and what dexall

in

answering in

thingis proponed,
all

war

into that
(yea,

excellent Prince,

the Ambassadouris of
to

countreeis,

some that war mortall ennemyes

least,)

him and

to his realme,

amonges wliome the Quein Dowager of Scotland was not the

could and did tcstifie
;

for the said

Quein Dowager,

re-

turnjaig from France throwght England,

at lenth,2

commoned with him

to this Realme,

and gave record when sche came

and solidd judgement in young King Edward, then she wold have looked for in any three Princes that war then in Europe." His libcralitie towardis the godly and learned, that war in other realmcs persecuted, was such as Germanes, Frenchmen, Italianes, Scottis, Spainzardis, Polonianes, Grecianis,

" That sche fand more wisdome

geve

sufficient

document

for

and Hebrewis borne, can yitt how honorablie war Martyn

*

Buceir,3 Petir

Marty re, Joannes Alasco,

had
til

1 In MS. O, and Vautr. edit., " all undcrstanding or cxpectatioun of men."

in returning through England, unp. -6'J

;)

she reached Berwick, (Hist.

According to the Journal by the English Monarch, which contains a description of the Queen Dowager's sumptuous entertainment duruig the period she remained at the Court of Edward, from the 22d of Uctolwr to the Gth of November 1551. (Ty tier's Edward VI., Bishop Lesley &c., vol. ii. pp. 5, 0.)
*

when some of the

at the
^

Scotish Nobility escort-

ed her to Holyrood, where she arrived

cud of November that year, '' Martin Luther." * In the MS. a blank space is left, as if for the purpose of lilliiig in some otlier names; such as Paidiis Fagius, Fr.uicis Oryandcr, and Justus Jon.as,
In MB. G,

also tai-es uotice of the " gret bau(iuet-

ing and honorabill pastyme maid for

intertenement of the (iuene Douarier

;"

who, like the three above mentioned, were eminent Foreign divines, and came to England during the reign of Edward
the Sixth.

and "of the honorabill convoye" she

244

THE HISTORY OF
Giialterus,!

Book

I.

Emanuel
thamc

and many

otheris,

upoun

liis

publict
tliei

stipendis interteaned, tliare patentis can witnesse,

solfis

and

during

tliaro lyffis

wold never have dcnyed.

After

tlie

death of this most verteous Prince, of

(for

whome

the

godless people of England,

the most parte,) was nott

worthy, Sathan intended nothing less then the light of Jesus

Christ utterly to have bein extinguissed, within the hole
of Britannye
;

He

for after

him was rased

up, in Goddis hote

displeasur, that idolatress Jesabel, mischevous Marie, of the

Spaynyardis hloode
the actes
of hir

;2

a crucll persecutrix of Goddis people, as

And

in to

unhappy regne can sufficiently witnesse.^ Scotland, that same tyme, (as we have hard,^) rang

that crafty practisar, Marie of Lorane, then

of Scotland
;

named Regent

who, bound to the devotioun of hir two brethrein,

the

Duck

of Gueise,

and Cardinall of Lorane, did onlye abyd

all

the oportunitie to cutt the throttis of

suspected any knowledge of
Scotland.

those in

whome

she

God

to be, within the realmo of

And
:

so

thought Satlian, that his kingdome of

rest,

darkness was in qwietncss and

as in the other

asweall in the one realmo,

but that provident eie of the Eternall our

God, who continually watches for preservatioun of his Church,

did so dispone
all thingis,

that Sathane schorte after fand

him

self far disapointed of his

conclusioun tackin.

For in that

cruell persecutioun,

used by that monstour, Marie of England,

ter of

In adding the

name Emanuel Gualevidently confounded

terus,

Knox has
:

of Arragon.

Henry the Eighth, by Catharine Her accession to the

is

two persons

Emanuel Tremelius, a

throne

reckoned from the death of

learned Italian,

who succeeded Fagius

Edward

the Sixth, 6th July 1553.

She

as King's Reader of Hebrew, (Strype's

ii. p. 206,) and Rudolphus Gualtems of Zurich, who had visited England in 153 7. (Strype's Lifeof Cranmer, p. 449.) Martin Bucer

Eccl. Memorials, vol.

married Philip, King of Spain, 25th July 1554; and died 17th November
1558.
^ During the short reign of Queen Mary, it has been reckoned that not less than upwards of 300 persons were committed to the flames, on account of

died in 1551

Peter Martyi-, in 1562

in 1560.

and John a Lasco,

2 It is

scarcely necessary to add that

then* religious sentiments.

*

Queen Mary of England was the daugh-

See page 242.

1505.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

in

245

war godlic men dispersed

plccaseth the

diverse nationis, of

whom

it

goodncs of our God to send some unto

us, for

our confortc and instructioun.

And

first

cam a

sempill man,
it

FIRST Williame Harlaw,! whose WHO AKTKU TIIK

zeill,

eruditioun, althowght

excell nott, yit for his

and

dili- KIN(;

llKATII

OF

Kli-

gent plainess

in doctrin, is

he to

this

day worthy

WAIJDE UICof praise, CANK TO

I'UKACll

and remanes a fruitful! member within the Church of Scot- COTLAD. land. After him cam that notable man, Johne "Willok,^ as one that had some commissioun to the Quein Regent, from the Duchess of Emdcn. Butt his principall purpose was to assay what God wald wirk by him in his native countrey. These two
did sometymes, in severall cumpanyes, assemble the brcthrcin,
wdio by thare exhortationis begane grcatlie to be encoraged, and did schaw that thei had ane earnest thrist of godlines.

IN

And
'

last

came Johne Knox,^

in the
2

end of the harvest,

in

the year 1500

William Harlaw was born soon after and, as we are Informed

;

by Calderwood,
Edinbui'gh
;

" first

thereafter

was a taylour in went to England,

and preaclied some times as a Deacoun, according to the corrupt custome of that Bark, under the reigne of King Edward. Howbeit he was not verie learned, yet his doctrine was plaine and soiuid, and wortliie of commendatioun."

John Willock was a native of AyrSpotiswood says, he became a Franciscan, and Lesley, a Uomiuican Friar. Having at an eai'ly period relinquished his monastic habit, he went to England, and was employed as a
shire.

preacher in

St.

Catherine's,

London,

and

also as chaplain to the

Duke

of

Suffolk.

On

the accession of Queen

Mary

to

the throne of England,

he

(History,

vol.

i.

p. 303.)

On

escaped to the Continent, and practised

as a physician at Embden,

the death of Edward, he returned to

m Friesland.
and liaving

Scotland in 1554, and in 1556, began " publicly to exhort in Edinburgh," and
also in other parts of the covmtry.

In 1555, and in 1556, he twice visited

Scotland, on a mission to the Queen

was one

of the preachers, at Perth,

for

He who

Regent, respecting trade

were denounced as rebels

1559.

usurping

retm-ned "i October 1558, he undertook the public office of the ministry. See
the notices in the
vol.
i.

the authoi'ity of the Church, 10th

May

Wodrow

Miscellany,

(Seepage257.)

Harlaw, in 15G0,

pp. 261-264,

and the authorities

in Scotlantl

bcrts, in the vicinity of

became minister of the parish of St. CutliEdinburgh, and he continued there till his death. Robert Pont, who had for four years been his colleague, was presented to " the vic.araigo of St. Cuthbert's Kirk, vaicand be

there quoted.
^

Knox's arrival

may be

the dcceise of William Harlaw," in De-

end of September 1555. He set out fn)m Geneva in the previous month, and came to Diepjie, from whence he sailed, and landetl on the east coast of Scotland, not far from
placed about the

cember 1578.

Berwick.

246
the year of

THE HISTORY OF
God
J""-

Book
first

I.

fyfty fyve

who

being loodged in

the house of that notable

man

of God,

James Syme, begane

;

to exhorte secreatly in that

same house

whareunto repared

the Lard of Dun, David Forress, and some certane personages

ELIZABETH of thc touuc, amouges whome was Elizabeth Adamsoun, then ADAMEHOUN AND HiR spous to James Barroun/ burges of Edmburffh, who be reasson ^
HEATH.

that she had a trubled conscience, dclyted

much

in the

cum-

pany of the

said Johne, becaus that he, according to the grace

fullie

gevin unto him, opened more

mercycs, then did the

the fontane of Goddis

commoun

sorte of teachearis that sche

had hard befoir, (for sche had heard none except Freiris,) and did with such gredynes drynk thairof, that at hir death
she did expresse thc frute of hir hearing, to the great conforte of all those that

repared to hir

for albeit that

she

sufFerred

most grevous torment in hir body,

yitt out of hir

mouth was heard nothing but

praising of God, except that

somtymes she wold lament thc trubles of those that war tnibled by hir. Being somtymes demanded by hir Sistoris,
"

What

she thought of that pane, which she than sufFerred in

in spreit

body, in respect of that wharewith sometymes she was trubled She ansuered, " thowsand year of this torment,

and ten tymes more joyned unto

to the qwarter of

it,

is

not to be compared

ane hour that I sufferred in

my
lies

spreit.

thank

my

God, throught Jesus Christ, that

;

delivered
this,

me
so

from that most fearfuU pane

long as
it

and welcome be

evin

pleassed his godlie Majestic to exercise

litill

me

thaii-with."
Sisteris,

befoir hir departuyro,

she dcsyred hir

hir,

and some

otheris

that

war besyd

to

sing a

psalme, and amonges others, she appointed the 103. Psalme, begynnyng, " My saule praise thow the Lord alwyes ;"2
1

See subsequent note, page 268.

Tliis

-was

apparently a metrical
lint

version of

Psalm 103,

the line does

not correspond with any of the

known
The

vcrsions of the Psalms in metre.

Wedderbm-ns, however, may have versilicd a greater number of Psalms than those contained in thc volume best known as " The Gude and Godly Ballates :" see note 3, page 139.

1555.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

said,

247

which ended, sche

beganc

"

At

the teaching of this Psalmo,

mercy more sweat and precious, theni all the kingdomes of the eartli war gevin to me to posscsse thamc a thowsand yearis." The Preastis urged hir
first

my

trubled soule

effectually to taist of the

is

of

my

God, which now to

me

with

tliare

ceremonies and superstitionis

to

whomo

she an;

swered, " Depart from me, ye sergeantis^ of Sathan

for I

have refused, and in your awin presence do

abominationis.
Christes body,
past,) is

rcfuise, all

your

That which ye
(as

call

your

Sacrament

and

ye have deceaved us to beleve in tymea

idole,

nothing but ane

and
;

lies

nothing to do with
thairfor, in

the lycht institutioun of Jesus Christ

and

Goddis

name, I command yow nott to truble me."

allegcing.

Thei departed,
said.

That she raved, and wist not what sche

And
we

she short thareafter sleapt in the Lord Jesus, to no small

conforte of those that saw hir blessed departing.

This

could nott omitt of this wourthy woman,

who gave

sa notable

a confossioun, bcfoir that the great lycht of Goddis word did

univcrsallie schyne throwght this realme.

At the first cuming of the said Johne Knox, he perceaving diverse who had a zeall to godlynes maik small scrupill to go
to the Messe, or to

communicat with the abused Sacramentis

bcgane alswcall in privy conferance

in the Papisticall manor,

as in doctrin, to

schaw the impietie of the Messe, and how

it was to communicat in any sort with Wharewith the conscience of some being effi'aycd, the mater began to be agitat fra man to man, and so was the said Johne called to suppar by the Lard of Dun, for that

dangerous a thing

idolatrie.

same

pui*pose, wliare

war convcaned David

Forrcss,

Maister

and Williame Maitland of Robert Lockart, Lethingtoun youngar, a man of good leamyng, and of scharpe The que'stioun was proponed, and it was witt and rcassonyng.
Johne Willock,
answered by the said Johne, " That no-A\7isc
>

it

was laudi'

In MS. A, "

tlicn if all.'

In

MS. 0,

" servnnti.s.

248
full to

THE HISTORY OF
a Christiano to present him self to that
idoll."

Book

I.

Nothing

was omitted that mycht maik was

everie

for the temperisar,!

and

yitt

head

so fullie

ansuered, and especially one whair-

into thei thought thare great defence stood, to wit, " That

Paule at the commandiment of James, and of the eldaris of

Jerusalem, passed to the tempill and fanzeid
his

vow with

otheris."

This,

we

say,

him self to pay and otheris, war so fullye

ansuered, that Williame Maitland concluded, saying, " I see

perfytlye, that our schiftis will serve nothing befoir God, seing

that thei stand us in so small stead befoir man/'

The an-

swer of Johne

Knox

to the fact of Paule,

and to the com-

mandiment

of James, was, "

That Paule's
;

fact

do with thare going to the Messe

for to

had nothing to pay vowes was

idolatrie

sometymes Goddis commandiment, and was never

idolatrie

but thare Messe, from the originall, was and remaned odiouse
;

tharefor the factes

war moist

unlyik.

Secundarly,

(said he,) I greatly

dowbt whitther eyther James's commandi-

ment
scliaw

or Paulo's obedience proceaded frome the

Holy Ghost.

Wo knaw
him

thare counsall tended to this, That Paule should

self

one that observed the verray small pointes of

the law, to the end that ho mycht purchase to him the

favouris of the Jewes,

who war

offended at

him be reassone
he
fell

of the bruittis that war sparsed, that he tawght defectioun

from Moses.

Now, whill he obeyed thare

counsall,

into

the most disperat danger that ever he susteaned befor, Avhareof

it

was evident, that God approved nott that meane of recon;

ciliatioun

but rather that he

j)lainelie declaired,
it.'

'

That
it

evill

should not be done that good mycht come of

to Paule to confirme those obstinat

Evill

was

Jewes

in thare superstito

tioun by his exampill

self,

worse

it

was to him

expone him

and the doctrin which

;

befoir

he had tawght, to sklander

and mockage

and

tharefoir, (concluded the said Johne,) that

aj)-

the fact of Paule, and the seqwell that tharof followed,

'

lu Vautr.

edit.

" that might serve for the purpose."

1556.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

249

pcircd ratlicr to fcglit

against tliamc that wold go to the

Mcsse, than to gcvc unto thamc any assurance to follow his

examjilc, onless that thci Avoid, that the lyik truhlc should

thame that apprehended him, for ohcyAfter these and lyik reassonyngos, the Messe began to be abhorred of such as befoir used it for the fassioun, and avoiding of sclander, (as then thci
instantlye apprehend

ing worldly wyise counsall."

termed

it.)

Johne Knox,

at the request of the

Lard of Dun,l followed

him

to his place of

Dun, whare he remaned a moneth, dalye

exercised in doctrin, whairunto resorted the principall

men

of

that countrey.
in Calder,2
is,3

After his rcturnyng, his residence was most

whare repared unto him the Lord Erskin that now

the Erie of Argyle, then Lord of Lome,* and Lord James,

then Priour of Sanctandrois,^ and

John Erskine
of Dun.

now
*

Eric of Murray

whare

The

of

Dim

is

in the parish of that

house name,

Arclaibald Campbell, Lord Lornc,

foui'th

succeeded his father, the

Argyle, in 1558.
^

Earl of

in Forfarshire, about half-way

between

Moutrose and
"

Brecliin.

Calder house, near Mid-Calder, in

West-Lothian, was the seat of Sir James

Sandilands.

His second son James, in 1543, succeeded " Scliir Walter Lynde-

say,

Knycht of the Roddis, and Lord

is

of Sanct Johns," (he

so styled in Sir

Da^^d Lyndesay's Register of Ai'mes,

1542,
fol.

Lord James Stewart was the natural Fifth, by Margaret Erskine, daughter of John fifth Earl of Mar, and fourth Lord Erskmc. This lady afterwards married Su- Robert Douglas of Lochleven and she appears to have enjoyed a pension from the King; as the Treasm-er, in September
son of James the
;

57,)

as Preceptor of Tor-

and thus became head of the Kniglits Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem in Scotland. In 15G3, Lord St. John having resigned the possessions of the Order to the Crown, he
pliichcn,

1539, in his " Exoneratio," has, " Item, gevin to the Lady Lochlevin, in contentatioun of her pensioun, awing to her
zerelie,
vj''

be ane precept,
s. iiij

Ixvj lib. xiij

d." (666, 13s. 4d.)

obtained a

new
to

charter of the lands

belonging

the

Knights

Templars

Her son Lord James Stewart was born in 1533, and when five years of age, in 1538, the King conferred on him the
Priory of
er's
St.

and Hospitallers
Torpliichen.
vol.
'
ii.

in Scotland, erected

Andrews.

Li the Treasur-

into a barony, with the title of

Lord

(SpottiswoodeMiscellany,

Accounts, March 1539, are various entries for dresses to the Kingis CJrace

pp. 6, 17-32.)

John fifth Lord Erskine, and afterwards sixth Earl of Mar, at this time was Governor of Eilinburgh Castle.

sonis, Lord James of Kel.so, and Lord James of Sanctandrois and in May, to the Abbot of Kelso, and the Priour of Sanctandrois." He was also Prior of
;

'

250
tliei

THE HISTORY OF

Book
it

I.

hard and so approved his doctrin, that thci wissed

publict.
;

to

have bcin

That same wynter^ he tawght commonly

in Edinburgh and after the Youle, by the conduct of the Lard of Barr, and Robert Campbell of Kingyeancleucht, he came to Kyle,'' and tawght in the Barr, in the house of the

Carnell, in the Kingycancleuch, in the toune of Air,

and

in

the houssis of Uchiltrie, and Gathgyrth, and in some of thamc

ministrat the Lordis Table.
Befoir the Pasche,^ the Erie of
;9

Glencarne send for him to his place of Fynlastoun

after doctrin,

wliare,

he lyikwiese ministrat the Lordis Table, whairof

besydis

him

self

war

parttakaris, his Lady,

;

two of his

sonnis,

he to Calder, whare diverse frome Edinburgh, and frome the countrey about,
his freindis
so returned

and certane of

and

convened, asweall for the doctrin, as for the rycht use of the
Lordis Table, which befoir
tliei

had never

practised.

From
;

thense he departed the secound tyme to the Lard of

Dun and

teiching then in grettar libertie, the gentilmen required that

he should ministrat lyikwiese unto thame the Table of the

Lord Jesus, whairof war partakaris the moist parte of the

gentilmen of the Mernse
constantlie do
;

who,

God be

j)raised, to this

day
thci

remanc

in the

same doctrin which then

professed, to witt, that thci refuissed all societio with idolatrio,

Mayon, in Franco. As Prior of St. Ancb'ews, ho sat in the Provincial
Council held at Edinbui'gh, in October

Ochiltree,
girth.
^

and James Chalmers of Gadfell

Easter

on the 5th of April, in

1549. (Wilkins, Concilia, vol. iv. p. He was sent to Franco in March 46.) 1561, to invito Queen Mary to return by whom, on the 30th to Scotland January 1561-2, he was raised to the Peerage by the title of Earl of Murray.
;

1556.
"

Finlayston in the parish of Kilmal-

cohn, near the Clyde, to the east of

That is, the winter of 1555. ^ Most of these places in Kyle, in which Knox taught or oiSciatcd, have already been noticed being the seats of John Lockhart of Barr, Hugh Wallace of Carnell, Robert Campbell of Ivingyeanclcuch, Andrew Stewart Lord
5

Port-Glasgow. The silver cups whicli were used by Knox on this occasion, are still carefully preserved and the use of them was given at the time of dispensing the Sacrament in the Parish Church of Kilmalcolm, so long as the
;

The

Gloncairn family resided at Finlayston.

title of Earl of Gloncairn has boon doimant since the death of .James 15th Earl in 1796.

155G.

THE REFORMATION
selfis,!

IN SCOTLAND.

251

and band thamc

mantcanc
as
tlic

to tho uttemiost of tliarc poweris, to

trcw preacliing of tho Evangell of Jesus Christ,

God

should offer unto thamo prcachcaris and oportunitic.

hcirof sparscd, (for the Freiris from all qwartcris

The bniyt

flokked to the Bischoppes,) the said Johne

Knox was sum-

mond

to compcir in the Kirk of the Black Freiris in Edinburgh, the XV day of Maij [1556,] which day the said Johne

decread to keape

and for that pm-pose Johne Erskin of Dun, with diverse otheris gentilmen, convened to the tounc
;

of Edinburgh.

Butt that dyet held nott

for whitther that

the Bischoppis perceaved informalitie in tliare awin proceidyngis, or yf thei feared

trcmitie, it

danger to cnsew upoun thare exus.

was unknown unto

But the Setterday

;

befoir

the day appointed, thei caist thare awin summondis

said Johne, the

and the
in Edin-

same day of the summondis, tawght

burgh in a greattar audience then ever befoir he had done in

that

toune

The place was the Bischope

The Erie

of Dunkellis his

great loodgeing, whare he continewed in doctrin ten dayis,

boyth befoir and after nune.

the Erie Merschall,'^
^

of Glcncarne allured
(his coun-

who with Harye Drummound,^

of this

Dr. M'Crie, on the

aiitlioi-ity

mon Band,"
date, wliich

signed on the 3d December

passage, says, that most of the gentlemen of the Mearns " entered iiito a

1557, (see page 273,) or those of a later

solemn and mutual bond, in which they renounced the Popish communion, and

Knox has inserted iu tlic Second Book of his History, ^ William Keith, fourth Earl Marissucceeded
his
gi-andfatlicr,

cngaged to maintain and promote tho pure preacliing of tho Gospel, as Pi'ovidence should favour tliem with opportunities. This seems to have been tho first of those religious Bonds or Covenants, by which the confederation of
the Protestants in Scotland was so fre-

chall,

in

1530.

He accompanied .James

the Fifth
;

and Ids visit to France, in 153(3 was nominated an Extraortlinary Lord

See note
2,

of Session in 1511.

page

126, for Su- llal^jh Sadler's opinion of

him.
in the

It

was

at his request that Knox,

qucntly ratified."

I do not think, however, that p. 179.) Knox's words are (juite conclusive on that tho mutual agi-ecment tliis point or resolution of the gentlemen of the Mearns, had assumc<] the form of a Band or Covenant, such as "the Com:

(Life of

Knox,

vol.

i.

year 1556, addressed his Letter lie died 7th to the Queen Dowager. October 1581.
"

We

find that at tlio siege of Loitli,

in

1560,

"young Henry Drummond

"

was

slain.

(Lesley's
p.

Hist.

p.

286

Holinshed's Cliron.

4y2.)

252
salloiir

THE HISTORY OP
for that tymc,)

Book
it
it,

I.

hoard ane exhortation, (but

so weall contented with

was
that

UI3011C

the nycht,)

who war

thci hoyth willed the said

Johne

to wrait unto the

liir

Quein

Regent somwhat that mycht move

God.

to heir the

word of

He

obeyed thare desyre, and wrait that which after

''

was imprinted, and is called The Letter to the Quein DowAGEE ;"1 which was delivered into hir awin liandis by the said Alexander Erie of Glencame. Wliich letter, when sche had redd, within a day or two, she delivered it to that proud
Prelate, Betoun,2 Bischope of Glasgw,

and said in mockage,

Wliich woordis

" Please yow,

my

Lord, to reid a pasqwill."

cuming

to the earis of the said Johne,

war the occasioun that

yitt

to his Letter

he maid his additionis,^ as

may

be

sein.

As concernyng

the threatnyngis pronunced against hir awin

persone, and the most principale of hir freindis, lett thare

verray flatteraris see what hath failled of

writtin.

all

that he

lies

And

tharefor

it

war expedient that

hir Dochtter,

now mischevouslye

lynging, should look to that which hath

passed befoir, least that in following the counsallis of the

wicked, she end more miserablie then hir crafty Mother did.

Whill Johne
'

Knox was

thus occujiyed in Scotland, letteris

George Douglas, bastard sone to the
Erie of Angus, notxnthstanding that Maister James Beatoun, tender cousing
to the Cardinall,
thairto

Tliis Lettei" to

the Queen Dowagei*

was

originally printed in a very small

volume, without date, or

name

of the

place or printer, but apparently on the Continent : It is entitled " The Coijie of

was lawfullie j)rorydit

a Letter sent to the Ladye Mary Dowagire Regent of Scotland, by John Knox, hi the yeare 1556." - James Beaton was nephew of the Cardinal, and was preferred to the See of Glasgow in 1551. He has been incidentally mentioned in note 4, page 181

of befuir ; quliilk maid gret trubill in the countrey eftirwart."

(Hist. p. 193.)
It

may

be added, that

when Beaton was translated to Glasgow in 1551, the abbacy of Arbroath

was conferred on Lord John Hamilton,
second son of the Governor.
241.)
^

(lb.

p.

and ui reference
cjeath,

to this, Lesley says that

the Governor, after Canlinal Beaton's

" disponed the Archbishoprikc

of Sanct Androis to
of the

Ms owne

broder,
gift-

the Abbot of Paisley, and gaif ane

The Letter adilressed by Ivnox to Dowager in 1556, (as above, note 3,) was reprinted at Geneva, " nowe angmented and e.tplained by the Author, in the yeare of our Lord 1558." It will
the Queen

Abbay [abbacy]

of Arbroith to

be included in \'okime Third.

1556.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

liim fi-om the Engliss

253

camo unto
contentious

Kirk that was assembled in

Geneva, (which was separated from that superstitious and

cumpany

that war at Franckfoord,)

commanding
pastor, to
whicli,

him

in Goddis name, as he that

was thare chosin

repayre unto thame, for thare conforte.

Uponc the

the said Johne took his leave from us, almost in everie con-

gregatioun whare hefor he had preached, and exhorted us to

prayaris, to reading of the Scriptures,

and mutuall conference,

grettar libertie.

unto such tyme as

God should geve unto us

And

hearupon he send befoir him to Deape, his mother in

law Elizabeth Bowes,l and his wyef Maijory, with no small

dolour to thare hartes, and unto

many

of us.

He him

self,

by procurement and laubouris of Robert Camj)bell of Kingzeanclewch,2 remaned behynd in Scotland, and passed to the
old Erie of Ergyle,^

who then was

dayis.

in the Castell of Campbell,^

whare he tawght certane

(which yit
livetli,)

The Lard

of Glenurquhare,^

being one of his auditouris, willed the said

Erie of Ergyle to reateane

his jorney. Avoid not att

him still but he, purposed upoun that tyme stay for no requeast, adding,
;

" That yf

God

so blessed thei small begynnynes,

that

tlici

continewed in godlynes, whensoever thei pleased to command

him, thei should fynd him obedient
^

;"

but

said, "

That ones he
" the old

Elizabeth Bowes, mother-in-law of

Ai-chibald

Campbell,

the Reformer, sent before him to Dieppe.

Earl of Argylc, was fourth Earl, and

died in the year 1558.
*

She was the daughter and co-heii'ess of Roger Aske of Aske in Yorksliire, and by her husband, Richard Bowes, youngest son of Sir Ralph Bowes of Streathan, had two sons and ten daughSir
ters.

Castle Campbell,
tlie

now
lulls,

in ruins,

is

situated in

Ochil

immediately

See Pedigree of the fondly, in

ii.

M'Crie's Life of Knox, vol.

p.

407.

Knox's first letter addressed " to his mother in law, Mistres Bowis," is dated from London, 23d Jirne 1553. 2 This very zealous and disinterested friend of the Reformer, as stated in note 3, page 128, was a cadet of the ancient family of Campbell of Loudon.

It was above the village of Dollar. and destroyed by Montrose, during the Civil Wars, in 1045. ^ Sh- Colin Campbell of Glenurcliy, the ancestor of the Breadalbane family, He was a younger son, but by the death of two elder brothers, he suc-

bui-ned

ccedcd to the family estates in 1551. He became a stedfast friend to the Ke-

formed religion; and survived year 1684.

till

the

254

THE HISTORY OF
visit

Book

I.

must neadis

that

lytill

flock Avliich the

wickedness of

men had compelled him

Julij he left this realme,

to leave."

And

so in the

moneth of
for

and past

to France, and so to Geneva.

Immediatly

after,

the Bischoppis

summoned him, and

none

compeirance, brunt
in the year of

him

in effigie at the Croce of Edinburgh,

God
it

1555.1

Yra the which injust sentence the

said

Johnne maid

his

Appellatioun, and caused to print the

same, and direct

land,2 as yitt

to the Nobilitie

and Commounes of Scot-

may

be redd.

In 3 the wyntcr that the said Johne aboad in Scotland,

appeired a comet, the course Avhairof was from the south

and south-west, to the north and north-east. It was sein the moncthis of November, December, and Januare. It w^as called " The fyrie boosome."^ Sone after dyed Christierne, King of

Denmark

And

warr raise betuix Scotland and England

for

the Commissionaris of boyth realmes,

1

who almost

the space
But the

Tills

date should evidently be 1556.

in Scotland
till

declare

war with England.

Knox having remained

the
2

Nobility and Barons would not consent

to the proposed invasion.
*

after Sprhig, he arrived at Dieppe, in

month

of July 1556.

Bishop Lesley, at the close of 1558,

other " portenta," describes this

Knox's Appellation against the sen-

among
"

tence of the Bishops, in 1556,

was

first

printed in the year 1558.

^

There seems to be a confusion in

I\jiox, as stated above,

ct barbatus Cometa." (De Rebus, &c. p. 540.) Sir James Balfour also says, "A fearfull Comett

flammivomus

the dates of the events recorded in this

appeii-ed this zeire [1558,]

which not

paragraph.
left

had

only, as the sequell proved, protendit

Scotland in July 1556, and returned

;

change in Government, but in Religione

1559 yet the Comet he mentions was evidently that which made its appearance in September 1558. (Hevelii
in

May

lykwayes." (Annals, vol. i. p. 312.) In those days Comets were regarded

as the harbingers of disastrous events.
his

Comctographia,
note.)

p. 853.

See also next

Christian the Third, King of Den-

Thus Shakespeare, Henry \^.,

and again, " Now shine

in the Fii-st Part of

mark, died at the Castle of Coldinghuus, The Com1st January 1559, aged 56. missioners for a treaty with England met at Dunse, in July 1556 and afterwards
;

" Comets importing change of times

find states

;"

it

like

a Comet of revenge,
fall

A
and

prophet to the

of

all

our foes

;"

at Carlisle, for settling matters

the

JMilton, in

Borders.
before
tion

This treaty was concluded

Paradise Lost,
" and like a

in July 1557.

Yet the Queen Regent,

Comet bum'd.
hia horrid hair

That
In

fires

November 1557, at the instigaof France, was prevailed upon to

the length of Ophiuchus huge

th' Artiok sky,

Shakes pestilence

and fi-om and war."

ir,58.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

tlio

255

of sex nioiiethis cntraittcd iipoun

coiiditionis of peace,

and war upoun a neyr point of conclusioun [war disappointed.] The Quoin Recent with hir Counsall of tlic French factioun dccrcatted war at Newbattil,"^ without ocvino- any advcrtis"-^
.

^'*'"* a(;ain.st
'^'^'"^nd

ment
is

to the Commissionaris for the parte of ScotUmd.

fidclitie

Such
soever

,V'')j'J,k"!n
'*'"*''*''

the

of Princes,

gujdcd by

Prcastis,

when

thci seik thare

awin

affectionis to

be served.

In the end of that nixt harvest, was soin upoun the Bordouris of Enghind

and Scotland a strange

fyre, whicli

dis-

ccnded from the hcavin, and brunt diverse corncs in boytli

the realnies, but most in England.

Thare was presented to

_

-^

ai,p

WITH TWI
h'^adih.

the Quein Regent, by Robert Ormestoun, a calf having two hcaddis, whareat sclie scripped, and said, " It was but a com-

moun

thing."
is,

The warr bcgane

in the

and of the

harvest,
l^c

as said
assegcd.

and conclusioun was tacldn that Wark^ should

The army and ordinance past fordwarte to MaxThe Quein Regent remaned in the Castell of well Heucht.^ Home,'* and thinking that all thingis war in assurance. Monsieur Doscll, then Lieutenant for France, gave charge that
tlie

cannonis should be transported OAVcr the watter of Twead,

(for

which was done with expeditioun,

factes ar expcrte
;)

the French in such

but the nobilitie of Scotland nothing con-

tent of such proceadingis, after consultatioun amongis

selfis,

thamc
,7,.!''T|'iE''^

past to the palzeon^ of Monsieur Doscll, and in his awin

fiice

That in no wiese wald thei invade England," and tharefoir command the ordinance to be retcircd and
;

declared, "

of'sto"''

M AXWFI.T,
IlEWCllT.

that

it

was, without farther dclay.^

This putt anc effray in Monsieur Doscll his breathe," and

1

Ncwbattle, in the parish of that

opposite the eastern pai-t of the town of

Kelso.
*
^

name in Mid-Lothian, was the site of an Abbey founded by David the Fu'st,
in the year 11-10.
2

Hunic Castle see note In MS. G, " pavilion."

:

2,

page 210.

Wark

Castle

see

note

4,

page

"
'

122.
8

This was in November 1557. MS. G, instead of " breath," substi-

Maxwell-heugh,

is

a village on a

height to the south of the Tweed, nearly

tutes very oddly, " This put an affray " in Morisicur U'Oysell's breaches

256

THE HISTORY OP

Book

I.

kendillecl sucli a fyre in the

Quein Regentis stomak, as was

braitli
failled.

nott weall slockened

till

liir

And

tlms was

that enterprise frustrate.

Butt yitt warre continewed, during

the which the Evangell of Jesus Christ begane wonderouslye

to floriss
;

for in
;

Edinburgh begane

publictlie to exhorte, Wil-

liame Harlaw

Johnne Dowglass,! who had (being with the

Paule Meaifen begane publictly to preach in

Erie of Ergyle) preached in Leytli, and sometymes exhorted

in

Edinburgh
;

Dondye

and

so did diverse otheris in

Anguss and the Mernse.

THE SECUND last, at Goddis good pleasur, arryved Johnne Wyllok EETUENE OP JOHNE WIL- the secound tyme from Emden f whose returne was so joyfull LOK TO SCOTLAND. to the brethrein, that thare zeall and godly courage daly

And

encreassed.
yitt
LOKD
TOtlN
SE-

And
:

albeit

he contracted a dangerous seaknes,

he ceassed nott from laubouris, but tawght and exhorted

from his bed

some of the

nobilitie, (of

wliome some ar
is

fallen

ANB

APOSTAT.

back, amongis

whome

the Lord Setoun^

cheaf,)

with

many
keapt

baronis and gentilmen, war his auditouris, and by

him war

godly instructed,
THE ABOLISHING OF

and wonderouslie

conforted.

Tliei

thare conventionis, and held counsallis with such gravitie and

closnes, that the

IMAGES

ennemyes trembled.
;

The images war

and
in
first

stollen

ANDTRUBLE
THAEEFOIR.

away

in all partes of the countrie

Edinburgh was
drouned in the
small truble in

that great idole called Sanct

Geyle,*

North Loch,^
the toun.
Bischoppes,
1

after

brunt, which

rased no

For the Freiris

the

roA\^3ing

lyik reavins

upoun the

Bischoppes ran upoun the Quein,

*

who

to

noticed at page 245

2

Of these preachers, Harlaw has been Douglas and Meth:

Sanct

Geill,

or St. Giles,

was the

tutelar

Samt

of the Metropolis, whose

ven will afterwards be mentioned.

Jolui Willock retiu'ned to Scotland

name

is still

retained in coimexion with

the collegiate Chm'ch in the Old

of Edinbui'gh.

Town

from Embden in Friesland, (see note 2, page 244,) in October 1558. He continued to preach in different parts of the country, and to officiate publicly
in Edinburgh, in the year 1559,
it

when

was unsafe for linox (Wodrow Miscellany, vol.

3

to remain.
i.

^ The North Loch formed a kind of boundary of the City towards the north, in the hollow ground, between Princes Street and the Old Town, and extended nearly from St. Cuthbert's Church

p. 213.)

to the Trinity College Church, in for-

George, sixth Lord Seatoun.

mer

times.

1558.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

it

257
could

tliamc was favorable ynowcli, but that she thowglit

not stand witli

tlien

liir

advantage to offend such a multitud as

took upon thame the defence of the Evangell, and the

of Protestantes.
;

name

And

yitt consented sche to

summond

rnKACHAms
''

the Preachearis

whareat the Protestantis neyther offended,

neyther yitt thairof effrayed, determined to keape the day of

summondisjl as that thei

lattis
lictlie

did.

Wliicli perceaved

by the Pre-

and

Preastis, thei procured a proclamatioun to be puball

maid, " That

men

that war

come

to the toune with- ^"k

uf*''"

commandiment of the authoritie, should with all diligence repayre to the Bordouris, and thare remane xv dayis :" for the Bischope of Galloway,^ in this manor of ryme, said to the Quein, " Madame,
out

Inu^'w^at

ensewkd.

Becaus thei ar come without ordour,

I red ye, send

thame

to the Bordour."

Now so had
(in to

Gx)d provided, that the qwarter of the West-land,

the which war

many

faythfuU men,) Avas that same day

;

returned from the Bordour

who understanding

the mater to

procead from the malice of the Preastis, assembled thame

selfis

together,

and maid passage to thame

selfis,

till

thei

came

to the verray prevey chalmer,

whare the Quein Regent

and the Bischoppes war.

The Gentilmen begane to complane upoun thare strange intertenement, considdering that hir Grace had found into thame so faithfull obedience in all
thingis lauchfull.
zelous
Wliill that

the Quein begane to

craft,

and a bold man, James Chalmeris of Gaitgyrth,3

said,

1 In Pitcairn's Criminal Trials will be found some interesting details, respecting foui- of the preachers mentioned by Knox, who were denounced " as rebels for usurping the authority of the Church," 10th May 1559, viz., John Christison and William Harlaw,

cautioners for their appearance, (vol.

p.

i.

40G*, &c.)
2
:

to

Perth John Willock, at Ayr and Paul Methven, at Dundee; along with
at
; ;

Andrew Durie see subsequent note page 261. 3 James, son of Robert Chalmer of Gadgirth, by Margaret, daughter of Sir Hugh Campbell of Loudoun. He had several charters under the Great Seal
in 1548, of parts of his estate
in

the

the

names VOL. I.

of the persons

who became
>

shires of

Ayr and Wigtouu.

He mar-

258
THE BOLD WOURDIS
cHALMERis
gyeth!^"

THE HISTORY OP
'

Book

I.

^^^^^ Jefwellis,

Madame, we know that tliis is the malice and devise of and of that Bastard, (meanyng the Bischope of Sanctandrois,) that standis by yow We avow to God we shall maik ane day of it. Thei oppresse us and our tennantis
"
:

for feading- of thare idill bellyes

thei truble our preacheris,

:

and wold murther thame and us

longare
everie
?

Shall

we

suffer this

any

Na,

Madame

It

shall nott be."

And

tharewith

man

putt on his

steill

bonet.

Thare was hard nothing

liartes, what ailes yow ? yow nor to your preachearis. The Bischoppes shall do yow no wrong. Ye ar all my loving subjectes. Me knew nathing of this proclamatioun. The day

of the Quenis parte but "

My joyes, my

Me 4 meanes

no

evill to

of your preachearis shalbe discharged, and centre versie that

is

me

will hear the

betuix the Bischoppes and yow.

Thei shall

do yow no wrong.
" I forbid

My

Lordis," said she to the Bischoppes,

yow eyther

to truble

thame

or thare preachearis."

And
o

unto the gentilmen who war wonderouslye commoved,

turned agane, and
said,

CRAFTY

giie

"
all

my

heartis, should
liarte,

ye nott
all

love the Lord your

God with

your

with

your

mynd ? and
selfis

should ye nott luif your nychtbouris as your

lyik fair wordis, she keapt the

With these and the

buflfattis at

Bischoppes from

that tyme.

And

so the

day of summondis being discharged, begane

the brethrein universallie to be farther encoraged.

could the Bischoppes in no sorte be qAvyet
THE COMSIAND OF
;

But

yit

for

Sanct Geillis

day approcheing, thei gave charge

to the Provest, Baillies,

THE BISCH
OPPIS.

THE AN-

SWER OF
EUINBUEGH

and Counsall of Edinburgh, eyther to gett agane the aid Sanct Geile, or ellis upoun thaire expenssis to maik ane new image. The Counsall answered, " That to thame the
charge appeired verray injust
in
;

for thei
idollos

understood that God

some

plaices

had commanded
John Cuni.

and images

to

be

ried Annabella, daughter of

ninghame of Caprintoun,

in Aj^rshire.
p. 4.)

* This use of " Me," instead of " I," or " We," occurs in all the copies.

(Nisbet's Heraldry, App. *20, vol.

1558.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

;

25'9

distroyed
up, tliei

but wharc he had commanded ymagcs to be sett had nott redd and dcsyrcd the Biscliope to fynd
;

a warrant for his

commandimont."

Wharcat
;

tlie

Bischope
tliei

offended, admonissed under

pane of curssing

which

pref p|,k"lku"
TIIK

vented by a formall Appelhitioun ;l appelling from him, as from

a parciall and corrupt judge, unto the Pape's holynes
grettar thingis schortly following, that
;

and

so

passed in oblivioun.

sknte.> NCE OF THE

nisciioPE

Yit wold nott the Preastis and Freiris cease to have that
great

ANDROSB.

and manifest abhominatioun which thci accustomablie had upoun Sanct Geillis day,^ to witt, thei wold
solempnitie

have that idole borne

cessar deuly maid.

and tharefor was

idole

all

preparatioun nefra the

A marmouset

was borrowed

Gray

Freiris, (a silver peise of

:)

pledge

It

was

fast fixed

James Carmichaelis was laid in with irne naillos upon a barrow,

with tabornes

called thare fertour.

nonis,

Thare assembled Preastis, Frcaris, ChanPapistcs,

and
and

rottin

and trumpettis,
to led the ring, tru'mpii
!!.tock'
^'''"'''

banerris

bagc-pyi^es,

and who was thare

self,

but the Quoin Regent

liir

with

all hir schaivelingis, for

it,

honour of that

feast.

West about goes

to the

and cumis doun the

Hie

Streat,

and doun
in

Canno

Croce.^

The Quoin Regent

dyned that day

Sandie Carpetyne's housse, betuix the

and taking charge of the and silver candlesticks, eucharists, chalices, and other precious
Giles's Church,

1 This Appellation, according to some payments made by authority of the Town Council, was not later than February 1557-8. 2 St. Giles's day was the 1st of Sep-

jewels, the gold

things bclojigmg to that Chiu'ch

but
of,

these were all ruthlessly disposed

tember.

In the Appendix, No. XIII., some contemporary notices will be given

of the disturbances wliich were occatliis

by order of the Council, (inchRling the

arm-bane of Sanct Geill, or rather the ring with " ane dyamant stane, quliilk

sioncd in September 1558, by

latrous procession.
3

ido-

wes on the fingar

of the forsaid

arme of
See

James Carmichael was

for

many

Sanct Geill,") in October Appendix, No. XIII.

15(50.

years one of the Magistrates of Ediuburgh. He filled the office of Dean of

Guild from October 1552 to 1553, again, from 1-555 to 1556, and from 1557 to 1659. In his official capacity, he had the charge of the " Kirk werk," that is
of looking after the preservation of St.

* In MS. G, " the comone Crose." Probably the Girth Cross, at tlie foot But of the Canongate, near Holy rood. Arnot also makes mention of St. John's Cross, and of a third, near theToHiootli in that street. (Hist, of Edinburgh,

p. 304.)

200
BoweSji
it,

THE HISTORY OP
f^iid

Book

I.

so

when

tlie idole

returned back agane, sche

left

and past

in to hir dennar.

The

lieartes of tlie bretlirein

war wonderouslie inflammed, and seing such ahominatioun so raanifestlio manteaned, war decreed to be revenged. Thei war
devided in several! cumpanyes, wharof not one
other.

knew

of anc

Thare war some temperisaris that

Grenerall,^
it fell,
;

day,

(amonges
one,)

wliome David Forress, called the

fearing the chance to be
bretlirein.

was

who,

dune as

laubored to stay the

Butt that could not be

for

immediatlie after

that the Quein was entered in the loodgeing, some of those that war of the intcrj^rise drew ney to the idole, as willing to

helpe to bear him, and getting the fertour upon thare schulderis,

begane to schudder, thinking that thairby the idole

fallin.

should have
THE DOUNCASTING OF STOCK
GEILL, AND DISCONFITirK OF*'"

But that was provided and prevented by

the irne nailles, as

"
it

we have
;

said

and
it ;"

so,

begane one to cry

so without delay

Doun with the

first

idole

doun with

and

was pulled doun.

;

Some brag maid the

Preastis patrons at
(for

the

but when thei saw the febilness of thare god,

pRKASTis.

one took him by the

calsay, left

upon

thee,

heillis, and dadding his head to the Dagon without head or liandis, and said, " Fye thow young Sanct. Goile, thy father wold liaif :")

taryed four such

this considdered,

(we

say,) the Preastis

and
lies

Freiris fled faster

then thei did at Pynckey Clewcht.^

Thare mycht have bein sein so suddane a fray as seildome

for

bein sein amonges that sorte of men within this realme doun goes the croses, of goes the surpleise, round cappes

cornar with the crounes.

The Gray
for

Freiris gapped, the

Blak

Frearis blew, the Preastis panted,

and

fled,

and

hajij^y

was

he that

first

gate the house

such ane suddan fray came

Antichrist

never amonges

the

gcneratioun of

within this

realme

befoir.

By chance

thare lay upoun a stare a meary

David Fovress page

* Between the Bowes, must mean tlie West-Bow and the Ncther-Bow or the two principal gates of the Old Town.
;

sec note

1,

137.
^

See pages 209-213.

1558.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

261
^ mkary

and scing tlic discomfiture to bo without blood, wold add some mcaiynes to the mater, and so ciyed he owcr a stayi-, and said, " Fy upoun yow, hoorsones, why have ye brockin ordour Doun the streat ye passed in
Eng-lissman,
lie

thought

array and with great myi'th.

out ordour
of his god.
?

Why

flic

ye, vilancs, now, with-

Turne and stryk everie one a strok

Fy, cowardis,
!

fy,

for the honour ye shall never be judged worthy

of your wages agane

fitable
;

for after

But cxhortationis war then unprothat Bell had brokin his neck, thare was no
"
this

conforte to his confused army.

The Quein Regent lade up

toes,
till

amonges

hir other

memento

that sche myclit have sein the

it.

tyme proper

have

revenged

Search was maid for the doaris, but none could

;

be deprehcnded

for the brethrein

assembled thame

selfis in

such sorte, in company es, synging psalmes, and prasing God,

that the proudast of the ennemies

war

astonied.

This tragedy of Sanct Geill was so terrible to some Paj)istes,

that Dury, sometymes called for his filthines

Abbot
left

Stottikin,

and then
1

intitulat Bischope of Galloway,!

his

rymyng
to

Bishop of Galloway, George Durie, Abbot of Dunfermline, (note 2, page 183,) and was born before the year 1500. His name,
Diirie,

Andrew

following day, he

was recommended

was

bi'othcr of

be successor to Henry
of the Chapel Royal,

Wemyss as Bishop
and the Abbacy

of Galloway, conjoined with the Deanery

"AntU-eas Durie," occui's in the Registers

of Tungland
of Melrose,

upon

his resigning that

ofboth Colleges, as having been Incorporated at St. Andrews, in the year 1511 and at Glasgow, in 1513. He probably
completed his studies abroad.

of 1000 marks,

but retaining a pension and some other emolu-

ments.

In the Provincial Comicil at

Upon a

vacancy in the Abbacy of Melrose, he had sufficient interest to procure the King's letters of commendation to the Pope, in the year 152G, and notwithstanding powerful rival claims, he sueceeded in the following year in obtaining the benefice. iVndrew, Abbot of Melrose, was present at the trial of Sir

Edinburgh, 1549, his name is enrolled as " Andreas Episcopus CandidiB Casaj
et

Capellos

Regioe Strivilingensis."

He was
Mary,
1554.
p. 24.)

the bearer of a letter from Queen

in France, to her Mother, in

June
vol.
i.

(Lettres de Marie Stuart,

;

John Borthwick, in 1540; and he appears as an Extraordinary Lord of Session on the 2d of July 1541.

Bishop Dui'ie died at Edinburgh, in September 1558. His name occui-s in the list of Scottish Poets but none of liis writings are known to be preserved, although his sayings recorded by Kno.x,
indicate a rliymiug propensity.

On

the

John

262
THE DEATH wliarcwitli lie

THE HISTORY OF
was accustumed, and departed
:

Book

I.

this lyef, evin as

GALLOWAY, AND HIS Dccarte vow J LAST CONFEssiouN.

BiscnopE OF tliat

he leved
:

For the
'

articles of his beleve

war
all

" I Referr
.

and Ha, ha, the four Kinoes O

'

maid

Ihe

pevill go with

it

It is

but a varlett
to

Fra France we thought

have gottin a Rooby

;2

And
With such
that
THE vow OF THAT

yit is

he nothing but a cowhuby."

prayeris, departed out of this lyeff

faith

and such

ennemy

of God,

who had vowed and

plainelie

said,

That in dispyte of God, so long as thei that then war PreMARKED lyved, should that word (called the Evangell) never be lattis BEAST DUEY
"

BISCHOPE OF

galloway! preached within this realme."

After him followed that belly-

god, Maister David Panter,^ called

Bischope of Ross, evin

Rolland of Dalkeith, in the prologue of " Seven Sages," a kind of poetical romauce, alludes to the poets who
liis

buskenucth, and David Panter, were

successively Secretaries of State in the

tlom-ished
after

at the Scotish Coui-t, and naming Lyndsay, Bellenden, and

reigns of James the Fourth and Fifth, and " being admirably versed in the

Latin tongue," their names are honour-

William Stewart, who he says,

To mak
in Scottis, richt n-eill

ably distmguished by the series of Letters of our lOngs, addressed to Foreign

he knew that art,

he immediately adds.
Bishop Dhrie, sum tj-mo of Galloway, For his pleasui-e sum tymes wald tak thair part.
-

Princes, which Ruddiman published under the title of " Eijistoloe Regum Scotorum," &c., in the years 1722 and

1724, in 2 vols. 8vo.

In the Ti'easm-er's

This has an evident allusion to the

name

of JNIons. de Ruby, one of the Frenchmen patronized at tliis time by the Queen Dowager. Bishop Lesley, in

Accounts, 1544, we find tliis entry, " Item, the thrid day of Aprile, geviia
for vj"- (600) crownis of the Sonn, of fyuance deliverit in France to Maister

noticing the several appointments

made

by the Queen Regent, in 1554, says, there was " Ane callit Monsieur Ruble, Frenchman, a procutoui' of Paris, appointit to keip the Greit Seill, and to be as Vice-Chancelar and assistar to
the Erie of Huntlie, then Chancelar."
(History, p. 250.)

David Panyter, Secretar Ambassatomtliaii', the sowme of vuj"- x lib." (810.)

He was
:

Controller of

her Household, in 1557

note,
3

sec subsequent

same day, a similar payment was delivered to Sir John Campbell of Liuidy, Ambassador in France. Panter was promoted to the See of Ross in the latter part of 1545. Sir James Balfour, in his Annals, calls him " a notable adulthe of 400 crowns (or 540)
terer."

On

page 292. David Pantcr, or Panyter, who held several Church livings, was much emIdis

(Annals,

vol.

i.

p.

812.)

He
ill-

died, says Holinshed, of

a lingering
of Bishops,

ness, at Stii'ling,

on the 1st of October

Catal.
p.

ployed in public negotiations abroad.

uncle Patrick Pauter, Abbot of Cam-

1558. (Keith's
I[t2.)

1558.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

tluat

2G3

with the Ijik documcntis, exccapt

he departed eatting THE DEATU OF DAVID

PANTKE.

and drynking,
Tlie

wliich, togitther

with the rest that tharupoun

dcpendis, was the pastymc of his Ijef.

most parte of

tlie

Lordis that war in France at the

tliat thei

Quenis mariage, altliought

gat tliarc congie fra

tlie

Courte, yit thei forget to returne to Scothmd.^

For whitthcr

it was by ane Italiane posset, or by French fcgges, or by the potage of thare potingar, (he was a French man,) thare departed fra this lyef the Erie of Cassilles,2 the Erie of Ilothose,^

Bishop Lesley, in noticing tlie retlae Commissioners from the Queen's marriage, says, " they came to Deip about the ende of (August,) quhair
1

"

Gilbert Kennedy, third Earl of Cas-

turn of

as already noticed at page 10, completed Ms studies imder George

silis,

Buchanan

suddantlie

all

the principall Nobillmen

became seik. But shortlie thaireftcr, the most of thame, being of the wysest and most valyeant of the realme of Scotland, deceissit their, to the
Prclatis
gi'ct

and

at Paris. In 1554, he was appointed High Treasurer and was one of the eight Commissioners sent
;

hm't of the
ai-o,

commomi
p. 266.)

weill of the

from Scotland as representatives of the Scottish nation, at the marriage of Mary and the Dauphin of France. He died on his retrn-n, at Dieppe, on tlie
28th November 1558.
*

realme." (Hist.
their death

The dates of

however, not accui-ately

George Lesley, third Earl of Rothes,

by Lesley or more recent historians. The Commissioners who were appointed on the 25tli and 26th of Jime 1558, were James Beaton, Archbishop of Glasgow Lord James Stewart, Prior of St. Andrews George Lord Seaton, Provost of Edinburgh and John
given, either
; ;
;

the father of

Norman

Lesley,

was

ti'ied

before the Governor for his accession to

the murder of Canliual Beaton, but was unanimously acquitted. He was

the son of William Lesley and Margaret daughter of Sii- Michael Ballbur of

Momitquhannie
brothers to

and

tliis

relationship

Erskine of Dun, Provost of Montrose along with Robert Reid, Bishoi) of Orkney; George Earl of Rothes; Gilbert Earl

may have induced James Balfour and his

jom
their cousin,

Norman

Lesley, in the Castle of St. Anch-ews.

and James Lord Flemyng, Great Chamberlain. The

of Cassillis, Lord Treasurer
;

The Eai-1 of Rothes had been appointed one of the Lords of Council and Session
11 til November 1532; and he attended James the Fifth, in his journey to Franco m 1536. He was employed in various public commissions and was sent as Ambassador to Denmark in 1550. He died at Dieppe on the 28tli November 1558. His son Andrew succeeded to
;

first

four being j^rcscnt in the Parliaat

ment held

Edinburgh 29th Novem-

ber 1558, to report their proceedings, it was then mentioned, that the Bishop
of

Orkney was " deceissit, and the Earls of Rothes, Cassillis, and the Lord Flemyng yit remanand in the partis of

France."
505.)

(Acta

Pari. Scot. vol.

ii.

p.

the

title

as fourth Earl of IJotlus, and

lieir

shows that no tidings of their death had then reached tliis counTliis

was served
of Diuidee,

of

his

father,

2()tli

Fe))ruary 1558-0. (Burgh Court-Book

try

sec the three following notes.

marked

\'ol. iv.)

2G4

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

Lord Flcmyng,! and the Biscliope of Orknay, whose end was evin according to his lyfe :2 For after that he was dryvin hack

by a contrarious wynd, and forced

to hind ag-ane at Deape,

THE DEATH perceaving his seiknes to encrease, he caused maik his OF THE DISCHOPE cofferis, (some said ujioun thame :) such OF ORKNAY, betuix his two
REID.

bed

was

his god, the gokl that tharein

was

inclosed, that

he could not

departe tharefra, so long as memorie wold serve him.

The

Lord James, then Priour of Sanctandrois, had (by

all api^ear-

ance) lyked of the same bust^ that dispatched the

* James Lord Flemyng, hereditary Great Chamberlain of Scotland, was

rest, for

such as the foundation of bursaries, the

the third of his family in succession

who

held that

office,

having succeeded

adornment of the buildings at Kinloss, wMcli he enriched with what was considered an ample library, and the en-

Malcolm, Lord Flemyng, who was slain at Pinkie, in 154:7. James, as mentioned above, was one of the Comhis father,

dowment

of a school at Kii-kwall.

He

missioners
at Dieppe.

who were seized with illness On the 8th November, he

re-

an addition to the Bishop's Palace in Eoi'kwall and the Cathedral Church of St. Magnus, in that town, still exhibits the fine porch and some
also erected
;

made Ms testament; and having

cal aid, he lingered there
till

additional

pillars

erected at

Ms

ex-

tui'ned to Paris for the benefit of medi-

pense

the 15th December 1558,

he died on aged 24.

(Crawfurd's Officers of State, p. 329.) " Robert Reid, although accused by

Knox

of avarice, applied at least his

;

wealth to laudable pm-poses the words of Keith, was " a

great
plished
learning,
politician."

and

in

man

of

and had he survived for a few years, he no doubt would have put a finishing hand to this venerable edifice the choir or chancel of which serves for the parish Chiu'ch, (fitted up as usual Bishop in defiance of all good taste.) Reid's munfficence was not limited to his own diocese, as a bequest of 8000 merks
;

and a most accom-

He

entered St.

towards foimdiag a College for the education of youth in Edinburgh, enabled the Magistrates, in 1581, to piu'-

College, St. Andrews, in and took his Master's degree in 1515 and then proceeded to Paris. On Ms return to Scotland, he became successively Sub-Dean and Official of Moray Abbot of Kinloss, in 1526 Commendator of Beaulieu, in 1530 one of the Lords of Council and Session, in 1532 Bishop of Orkney, in 1540 and Lord President of the Coui-t of Session, about the end of 1548. Dm-ing all tMs time, he was frequently employed in foreign embassies, and other diplomatic

Salvator's

1511,

chase fi-om the Provost of the Kirk

of Field, (St. Mary's in the Fields,) the

ground on

wMch were erected the buildLesley styles

ings of our Umversity.

Bishop Reid a man "of suigular wit, judgment, guid learning, and lyvc, with lang experience," (Hist. p. 267 ;) and says he died at Dieppe on the 0th, but according to other authorities, it was
the

15th
pp.

Catal.

September 1558. (Keith's 223-226 Senators of the

;

affairs.

variety of liberal benefac-

College of Justice, pp. 14-19.) In MS. G, "liddt of the same

=>

tions

on

Ms

part have been recorded.

biiist.''

1558.

THE REFORMATION
liis

IN SCOTLAND.
doctli tcstifie
Tliis
:

205 but

tharcof to this day

stomack

God

pre-

served

him

for a Lcttir purpose.

same Lord James, now

Erie of Murray, and the said Bisehope, war commonlye at

debate for materis of religioun

and

tharefoir the said Lord,

visitt

hearing of the Bischoppis disease, came to

him, and

fynding him not sa weall at a point as he thowght he shoidd

have bcin, and as the honour of the country requyred, said

unto him, " Fy,

my

Lord,

how

ly ye so

Will ye not go to

your chalmer, and not ly hear into this commoun house

His answer was, " I

as I can tary
cofferis
;

for I

am am

weall whare I am,

neir unto

my

Lord, so long "^^^^^"^

and the gold

or

tharein.)

my freindis, (meanyng his p^",",',^^ ^"^"*^But, my Lord, (said he,) long

Purgatoiy
:

have ye and I bein in pley

shall

for

I think that I
j)lace or

know

it

be long whetther thare be such a

not."

Wliill the other did exhorte

him
allon

to call to

mynd
;

the

premisses of God, and the vertcw of Christis death

swered, " Nay,

he an-

my
lyiff,

Lord, lott

me

for

ye and I never

aggreid in our

and

I think

we

shall nott aggree

my

death

and tharefor

Ictt

me

allonc."

The

said

now at Lord James

departed to his loodgeing, and the other schort after departed

this lyef
;

whitther, the great day of the Lord will declare.

Papistrye,

Wlicn the word of the departing of so many patrons of the and of the maner of thare departing, cam unto

^^-^J^^^^^^^^

the Quoin Regent, after astonisment and musing, she said,

" Wliat shall I say of such

""^yl^i^^^

men
is

Thei lieved as

beastis,

and

DE.VTH OF p". JJI'k PAniR

PISTIS.'

as beastis thei dye

God

not with tliame, nether with that

which thei

inteqirisc."

Whill these thingis Avar in doing in Scotland and France,

that perfyt liipocryte Maister
ilestalrige,2

Johne Sinclare, then Dene of and now Lord President and Bisehope of Brechin,
younger
brother of Ilcnry Sinclair, Bishop of lloss. He was aihuitted one of the Lords of Council and Session, under the title of Rector of Snaw. 27th April 1510. In 15-10, he sat in the

>

To

this

marginal note there was

(juiujm

tukkd,

" Insignia

Elouium

;"

hut these words are deleted. 3 John Sinclair was the fourth son of Sir Oliver Suicluii- of lloslin, and a

266
DEAN OP
HYPOCRITE, BEGAN TO PRKACHE.

THE HISTORY OF
;

Book

I.

besfane to preache in his Kirk of Restalrisr

and

at tlie be
ojjinion

gynnyng held himself

of him, that he

so indifferent, that
far

many had
;

was nott

from the kingdom of God.

for

But

his hypochrisie could

nott long be clocked

when

he understood that such as feared God began to have a good opinioun of him, and that the Freiris and otheris of
that sect begane to whisper, " That yf he took not head in

tyme

to

him

self,

and unto

his doctrin, he

wold be the deThis by him un-

structioun of the hole estait of the Kirk."

derstand, he appointed a sermon, in the which he promissed

to geve his

judgement upoun

all

such lieadis as then war in

controversie in the materis of religioun.

The bruyte

heirof

maid

his audience great at the first

but that day he so

handillcd

him

self,

that after that, no godly

man

did creditt

him

for not

only ganesaid he the doctrin of Justificatioun

and of Prayer which befoir he had tawght, but also he sett up and manteaned the Papistrie to the uttermost prick yea. Holy Watter, Pilgramage, Purgatory, and Pardonis war of
;

such vertew in his conceit, that without tliame he looked not

to be saved.

In this meantyme, the Clargye maid a brag that

MAisTEE disput. But DAVID PANTEE HIS at Bestalrig,
.

tliei

wald

Maister David Panter,^ which then lived and lay "

" That yf dissuaded thame tharefra, afErmyng, O?
^
t/

rONSAT.T. CONtJALL TO HIS FOR-

"-"

eWORNE
BRETHREIN THE 13ISCHOPPIS.

ever thei disputed, but whare

and

party,

thame seMs war baytli judge and whare that fyre and swerd should obey thare
as
rius, the

Pro\incial

Council at Edinburgh,

Dean

of Restalrig.

In 15G5, he was

us,

promoted
brother

to the See of Brechin. His Henry, Bishop of Ross and President of the Court of Session, having died in 1564-5, the Bishop of

Continuator of Hector Boethi^ who, mentionmg that Henry Sinclair, Bishop of Ross, had collected materials for writing a History of Scotland,

which were
clair,

13th November, advanced to the Presidentship of the Session. But he did not long enjoy his judicial and prelatic dignities, as he was seized with fever, and died in the month
of April 1566.

Brecliin was, on the

in the hands of John SinBishop of Brecliin, says, " Sed idem (Prtesul) quoque pauculos post menses in febrem peracutam decidit, ex qua derepente e virorum in terris numero cxcmptus est." (H. Boethii Hist. App. p. 384, Paris, 1574, folio.)

This

wc learn fi-om Ferrc-

See note

2,

page 262.

1557.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.
;

267
for tliare

decric, that

then thare caus was wracked for ever

liis

victorie stood neytlier in God, nor in

word, but in tliarc

awin
sallis,

willis,

and in

tlie tliingis

concluded by thare awin Counfyre,)

(togitther with

sword and

whareto, (said he,)

place.
is

these
call

new starte-up fellowis will give no yow to your compt booke, and that
ye will no more be found the

But thei
;

will

to the Bible

and
yf

by

it

men

that ye ar called,

then the Devill wilbe approvin to be God.

And
;

therefor,

ye love your
call

selfis,

enter never in disputatioun

;

nether yitt

ye the mater in questioun

companizeons
as after

but defend your possessioun,

bcttir coun-

or

ellis all is lost."

Cayaphas could not geve ane

;

sall

to

his

but yitt

God

disapointed boith

thame and him,

we

shall hear.

to call

same tyme, some of the Nobilitie direct tliare lettcris JoHNE Knox from Geneva, for thare confortc, and for the conforte of thare brethrcin the prcachearis, and otheris that then couragiouslye faught against the ennemyes of Goddis
this

At

trewth.

The tenour

of thare Icttrc

is

this

Grace, Mercy,

and Peace, for

Salutatioun, &g.
^^,j,p
^^j"

Deirlie beloved in the Lord, the Faithfull that ar of your

acquentance in thir
pai-tes,

(thankis be unto God,) ar stedfast

left

jtusE

in the bcleve whareinto ye

thrist

thame, and

lies

ane godly
;

KNOX DY *
ETTERIS OF THK
loriTis'

and

desyre,

gif the Spreat of

day by day, of your presence aganc quhilk, God will sua move and peniiitt tyme unto
yow, in the

yow, we will

liartly desyre

name

of the Lord, that

ye

will returne

faithfull

agane in thir partes, wliare ye shall fynd all that ye left bcliynd yow, not only glaid to hear your

doctrin, but wilbe rcddy to jeopard lyfRs

and goodis

in tlic

foi'Avard setting of the glorie of God, as he will pcrmitt tyme. And albeit the Magistraittis in this countrey be as yitt but in

the staite ye

left

thame, yitt at the maiking

heirof,

we

liave

na experience of any mair

crucltie to be used nor

was bofoir

268

THE HISTORY OF
God
will

Book

I.

but rather we have beleve, that becaus

augment

his flock,

we

see daly the Frciris,

ennemyes

to Christis Evangell,

in less estimatioun, baitli with the Quenis Grace,

and the
is

rest

of the Nobilitie of our realme.

This in few wordis

the

mynd
rest of

of the faithfull, being present, and otheris absent.

The

our mjaidis this faythfull berare will schaw you at lenth.

This, fair ye weill in the Lord.

Off Striveling, the tent of Marche,

Anno

1556.1

(This

is

the trew copy of the

derwrittin,)

bill,

being subscrived by the names un-

Sic suhscribitur,

Glencarne.
LoRNE, (now Ergyle.)

Erskyn.

James Stewart,
These

Icttcris

war delivered

to the said

Johne

in Geneva,

by the handis of James Sym, who now resteth Avith Christ, and of James Barroun, that yit livcth,^ in the moneth of
Maij

immediatlie thareftcr.

Which

receaved,

and advised

upoun, he took consultatioun alsweall with his awin church

as with that notable servand of God,

Johne Calvin, and with

said, "

other godlie ministers,

who

all

with one consent,

That

ho could nott refuise that Vocatioun, onless he wald declair

him

self rebellious

unto his God, and unmercyfuU to his

visite

contrie."

And
lOtli of

so

he returned answer, with promessis to

1556-7.
citizen

^ 2

That

is,

March

mas
burfirst

1555, to the same term in 1556;

in 1560

Sym and Barron were

As here

and again

and 1561.

At the

gesses of Edinbui'gh, and zealous fi-iends of the Reformer.

intimated,
re-

General Assembly, held at Edinburgh 20th December 1560, James

James Sym,
sided,

in

whose house Knox

Barron and Edward Hope were the

commissioners appointed for the town, along with John Knox, as minister, His name also occurs in the proceedings of the Assemblies in the years
1502, 1565,

on his retui'n to Scotland, had At page 245, Knox died before 1566. has given an accoimt of the death of Elizabeth Adamson, Barron's wife, in 1566. James Barron was one of the
Magistrates of Edmburgh, and
the
office
filled

and 1509.

(Booke

of the

Univcrsall Kirk, pp.

3, 13,

00, 145.)

of Dean of Guild from Michael-

1557.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

lie

269

tliamc with rcssonaUe cxpoditioun, and so sonc as

mycht
liis

putt

ordour to that dear flock that was committed to

charge.

And

so,

in the

end of the nixt Septemher

after,

he

departed from Geneva, and came to Deape, whare thare mctt

him

contrare letteris

as

by

tliis

his answer thareto

we may

understand.

The Spreit of wisdom, constancie, and strenfh he multiplied

yow, by the favour of God our Father, and by the grace of our Lord Jesus Chiist.
luith

According to
Deape, the

my

promeis, Rycht Honorable, I

came

to

xxiiij of October, of full

first

mynd, by the good

have visited yow.

will

of God, with the

schij)pes to

Bot

becaus two

letteris,

not vcrray pleassing to the flcsche, wer

there presented unto me, I was comjiclled to stay for a tymo.

The one was directed to myself from a faithful! brother, which maid mentioun, that new consultatioun was appointed for
finall

conclusioun of the mater befoir puq)osed, and willed

me

tharefoir to

abyd

in these partes,
letter

till

the determinatioun

of the same.

The other
all

was

direct from a gcntilman

to a freind, with charge to advertise me, that he

had com-

muned with

those that seamed most frack and fervent in

the mater, and that into none did he fynd such boldness and
constancie, as

was

requisite for such ane interprise

bot that

some did

(as
;

he writtcth) rcaj)cnt that ever any such thing

was moved
yf any
Wliich

some war
or

partlie

eschamed

and

othcris

war

able to deny, that ever thei did consent to any such j)urpose,
triall

questioun
I

should

be tackin thareof, &c.

jiartlic

letteris,

when

had considdered, I
had

was con-

founded, and partlye was jiersed with anguise and sorrow.

Confounded

I was, that I

so far travelled in the mator,

moving the same to the most godly and the most learned
that this day
I

we know

to lyve in Europe, to the effect that counsalles, for

mycht have thare judgementis and grave

270

THE HISTORY OP

Book

I.

assurance alsweall of your consciences as of myne, in

terprises
:

all in-

And

then that nothing should succead so long conthat I was mervelouse vane,

sultatioun,

can not hut redound eyther to your schame or

it

myne

for eyther
solist

shall

appear

being so

whare no

necessitie

requyred, or

ellis,

that

such as war

my

moveris thareto lacked the rypnes of judge-

ment

in tliare first vocatioun.

To some

it

may

appear ane
it

small and lycht mater, that I have cast

of,

and as

Avar

abandoned, alsweall

and charge,
all

my particulare care, as my publict office leaving my house and poore farailie destitut of
God
only,

head, save

and committing that small (but

to

Christ deirlie belovit) flock, ower the which I

was appointed
This, I

one of the ministeris, to the charge of ane other.

say, to worldly

men may

appear a small mater, but to

me

it

was, and yit

is

such, that

more worldly sustance then

I will

expresse, could not have caused

me

willinglie behold the eies

of so

many
please

grave

men weape
last

at ones for

my

cans, as that I

did, in tackin of

my

good nyclit frome thame.

To wliome,
judge yow

yf

it

God

that I returne, and questioun be demanded,

Wliat was the impediment of

my

purposed jorney

what
is

I shall answer.
is

The cans

of

my
;

dolour and sorroAv (God

witnes)

for

nothing pertenyng eyther to

butt
it is

my

corporall

contentment or worldly displeasur

for the grevouse

plagues and punishmentis of God, which assuredly shall appre-

hend nott only yow, but

everie inhabitant of that miserable

Realme and He, except that the

of his Evangell, deliver yoAv

poAver of God,
I

from bondage.

by the libertie meane not only

veritie,

that perpetuall fyre and tonnent, prepared for the Devill, and
for such as
THE MATEiMONIALL

denying Christ Jesus and his knaAvin

-"

do
is

foUow

tlio

soucs of wickcdnes to perditioun, (Avhich most ^

'

to ^.T.ZIZ^^ GRANTED,

be feared

;) '^

butt also that thraldome and miserie shall

aAvin bodyes,

AND
FRENCHE
BANDIS

apprehend your
posteritie,

your chiklrein,

subjectis,

and

WAR

AE-

Avhome ye have betrayed,

(in conscience, I

can ex-

RY VEl).

cept none that bear the

name

of Nobilitie,) and presentlie do

1557.

THE REFORMATION
to

IN SCOTLAND.

271

feglit

betray tliamc and your Rcalmc to the slavric of

strangcris.

The warr begune,

(althocht I acknawlcdge

it

to

wark of God,) shalbe your destnictioun, unless that, bo remedy tyme, be provided. God opin your eis, that ye may esjjy and considder your awin miserable estaite. My wordis shall appeir to some scharpe and undiscreitlie spokin but
be the
;

as

charitie

awght to

interpreit all thingis to the

best,

so

awglit

wyse men
flattcrar,

to understand, that

a trew freind can nott

salvatioun,

be a

especiallie

boith of body of two, but as

and
it

saule,

when the questions of ar moved and that nott

;

of one nor

war of a hole realme and natioun.

is

Wliat ar

the sobbes, and what

the aifectiounl of

my
add

trubled heart,
to

God

shall

one day declare.

severitie, to wit,

But

this will I

my

formar
feir

rigour

and

yf any perswad yow, for

of

dangeris that

may

follow,

to ftiint in your formar purpose,

lett

be ho never esteamed so wyse and freindly,

of

him be judged
:

yow

boith foolish and your mortall

ennemy

foolishe, for

becaus he understandeth nothing of Goddis approved wise-

dome

and

ennemye unto

yow, becaus he lauboureth to

;

separat yow from Goddis favour

provoking his vengeance and

grevouse plagues against yow, becaus he wald that ye should

prefer your worldly rest to Goddis prase

and

glorie,

and the
i-r.Tx

freindschipe of the wicked to the salvatioun of your brethrein.

" I

am

nott ienorant, that feirfull trubles

shall

ensew your

thk

enterprise, (as in

my

formar

lettcris I

did signifie unto

trubles

yow

;) g^',\,'jj'
"*"
^^',^'^'^

but

joyfull

and confortable ar those

and

adversities,
will,

which

man

susteaneth for accomplishment

!

of Goddis

T,'/y'sIfsEN-

by his woord For how terrible that ever thci appear to the judgement of the naturall man, yit ar thei never able For tlie to devore nor utterlie to consume the sufferraris prcand power of susteaneth God invisible and invincible
reveilled
:

coni,D''ruo
^*"^'

servcth, according to his promeis, all such as with simplicitie

In MS. G, "

afflictioun ;"

Vautr.

edit,

has "affection."

272

THE HISTORY OF
The
subtell craft of Pharao,

Book

T.

do obey him."

many

years joynecl

wyth

his bloody cruelty,

was not able

to destroy the

male
Sea,

childrein of Israeli, nether

war the watteris of the Redd

mncli less the rage of Pharao, able to confound Moses and

the

cumpany which he conducted

tliei

and that because the one

had Goddis promisse that

other had his

should multiplie,

and the
I

commandiment

to enter into such dangeris.

wold your Wisedomes should considder, that our God remaneth

one,

and

is

immutable

and that the Church of Christ Jesus and

farther, that
intei*prise,

hath the same promeis of protectioun and defence that Israeli

had of multiplicatioun
to the presence of
tlirein ar oppressed,

no

less cans

have

ye to enter in your formar

then Moses had to go

your bre-

Pharao

for

your

subjectis, yea,

thare bodyis and saules haldin in bondage

to your

THE BEUTiE OF THE

NOBiLiTiE.

aud God speaketh

lyves, (be

consciences,

(onles

ye be dead

with the blynd warld,) that

it

yow awght

to liasard your

awin

against Kingis or Empriouris,) for thare deliver-

ance

for

only for that

caus ar ye called Princes of the

people, and ye receave of your brethrein honour, tribute, and

homage
birth

at

Goddis commandiment
(as the

not be reasson of your

falslie

and progenye,

most parte of men

office

do
is

suppose,) but

by ressoun of your
to

and dewtie, which

to vindicat and deliver your subjectes and brethrein from

all

violence

and oppressioun,
diligentlie,

the uttermost of your power.

Advise
THAT LETTEE LOST BY NEGLiGENCE AND
TRUBLEs.

I beseik

yow, with the pointis of that

Lcttcr, wliicli I directed to the hole Nobilitie,

and
n
:

lett everie
,/

man

apply the mater and case to linn self X o

i.

Tn
?

for

your conthat

science

shall

one day be compelled to acknowledge,

the Reformatioun of religioun, and of publict enormities, doith

appertcne to
GOD GRANT Klugis. ^ THAT OUR
NOBiLiTiE

mo

then to the Clargie, or chcaf reularis called

Tho

mvclitie Spreit of the Lord Jesus rewle

.

and

guyde your

counsellis,

to his glorie, your

'^

eternall

conforte,

YiTT UN1>KESTAN D.

aiid to the consolatioun of

your brethrene.

Amen.

From Deape,

the 27 of October 1557.

1558.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

letteris

273

These

receaved and redd, togettlier with otheris

direct to the hole Nobilitie,

and some particular gentilmen,

Pettarrow,

as to the Lardis of

Dun and
to be

new

consultatioun

was had what was Lest

done

and

in the

end

it

was

concluded, that thei wold follow fordwart thare purpose anes

intended, and wold committ thame selfis, and whatsoever God had gevin unto thame, in his handis, rather then thei wold suffer idolatrie so manifestlie to regno, and the subjectes of

that

Realme

so to

be defrauded, as long thei had bein, of the

only food of thare saules, the trew preaching of Christcs

Evangell.
other, a

And

that everie ane should be the

more assured of
subscrived,

commoun Band was maid, and by some

:

the tennour whareof followis

"

We, perceaving how Sathan

In his memberis, the Anti-

christis

of our tyme, cruelly doeth rage, seaking to doune-

thring and to destroy the Evangell of Christ, and his Congregatioun, aught, according to our bonden deuitie, to stiyve in

our Maisteris cans, evin unto the death, being certane of the
victorie in him.

The quhilk our dcwitie being weall con-

siddered,

We

do promesse befoir the Majestic of God, and his

congregatioun, that

we

(be his grace,) shall with all diligence

continually apply our hole power, substance, and our verray

lyves,

to

manteanc,

sett

fordward,

and

establish
;

the most

blessed word of
at

God and

his Congregatioun

and

shall laubour

our possibilitie to have faythfull Ministeris purely and

trewlie to minister Christis Evangell

people.

and Sacmmentes

to his

We

shall

thame, the
thairof, at

liaill

manteanc thame, nuriss thame, and defend congregatioun of Christ, and everie membour
wicked power that does intend tyranny or

our haill poweris and waring of our lyves, against

all

Sathan, and

tnible against the foirsaid congregatioun.

Onto the quhilk

holy Avoord and congregatioun

forsaike

we do joyne us, and also dois and renunce the congregatioun of Sathan, with all the superstitious abominatioun and idolatrie thareof: And morcVOL.
I.

274

THE HISTORY OF
ennemies

Book
tliairto,

I.

over, shall declare our selfis manifestlie

be

this oure faithful!

promesse befoir God, testifeid to his Con:

gregatioun, be our subscriptionis at thir presentis

"

At Edinburgh,

the thrid day of December, the year of

:

God

jm. yc.

fyftj sevin yearis

God

called to witnesse.i

(Sic subscribitur,)

A. Ekle of Ergile.

Glencarne.

Morton.

Archibald Lord of Lorne.

JOHNNE ErSKYNE of DoUN.^

Et
Befoir a
THE TIIRID writtin VOCATIOUN
OF JOITNE
litill

cetera.

that this

Band was

subscryved, by the foirdirect

and many

otheris, letteris

war

agane to Johne
letteris

KNOX BY THE LORDIS

AND
CHURCHE
OF SOOTLAND.

Knox

fra the said

Lordis, togitther with

tliare

to

Maister Calvin, craving of him, that by his authoritie he

wold command the said Johne anes agane to

These
letteris

visit

thame.

war delivered by the handis of Maister Johne

Gray,^ in the moneth of November, the yeir of

fyfty awght,

God

J' V-

who

at that

same tyme past

to

Rome

for expe-

ditioun of the bowes* of Ross to Maister

The " Band " subscribed by the
Glencairn, Morton,
others, dated

Henry

Sinclare.^

the person mentioned in the text can

Earls of Ai'gyle,

3d December 1557, has been considered as the Fkst Covenant or engagement of the Scottish Reformers, for their mutual defence, in which they engage "to maintain, set forward, and establish the Word of God, and his Congregation." See, howevei', note 1, page 251. 2 Keith supposes it was Erskine of Dvm who signed the letter at page 268, "for the Lord Erskhie (he says) had and
not yet joined himself to that party."
(Hist. vol.
2
i.

be identified with INIr. John Gray, who held the office of Clerk to the General Assembly, from 1560 till liis death,

which took place in April 1574. (Register of Conf Testaments; Booke of the
Univ. Kirk, vol.
*
i.

pp. 299, 311.)

procure the Papal Bulls, confirming Sinclau-'s appointment to the

That

is,

to

Panter, in October 1558

See of Ross, upon the death of David (see note 2,

:

page 262.)
clair
=

But

it

appears that Sinuntil 1560.

was not consecrated

Heni-y Sinclair, a younger son of

p. 153.)

Sir Oliver Sinclair of Roslin,

in the year 1508.

was born
in St

There was a Jolm Gray who took his Master's degree at St. Andrews, in
the year 1523.
It is

He

studied at St.

Andrews, and was incorporated

Leonard's College in 1521.

uncertain whether

He

ob-

1558.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

275

Immediatlie after the subscriptioun of this foirsaid Band,

the Lordis and Barons professing Christ Jesus, conveined
frequentlie in counsall
;

in the

which these Headis war con-

cluded

First, It is

thought expedient, devised, and ordeaned, that

Realme the Commoun Prayeris^ be redd owklie on Sounday, and other festuall dayis, publictlie
in all parochines of this in the Paroche Kirkis, with the Lessonis of the

Testament, confonne to the ordour of the Book of

Prayeris
to cause
:

New and Old Common

qualified,

And

yf the curattis of the parochynes be

to reid the

thame

samyn

and yf

thei be nott, or yf

thei refuise, that the maist qualifeid in the parish use

and

read the same.

Secoundly, It

is

thought necessare, that doctrin, preacheing,

privatlie

and interpretatioun of Scriptures be had and used

tained the favoiir of

James the

Fifth,

who appointed him a Lord

of Session

the Book of
Litui-gy of
tion of "

and he was admitted on the 13th November 1537, as Rector of Glasgow. In 1541, he was Commendator of the Abbey of Kilwinning which benefice he exchanged with Gawia Hamilton for the Deanery of Glasgow. He was em;

has generally been supposed that Common Prayer of the Church of England, known as the
8

It

one here recommended

was the and the menthe Lessonis of the New and

the Sixth,
;

Edward

Old Testament, conforme

to

the

or-

dour," &c., renders this most probable.

Dr. M'Crie has considered this point very fully in his Life of Knox, (Note DD,
vol.
i.

ployed in vai'ious public matters abroad; and dui'ing the absence of Bishop Reid,

he acted as Vice-President of the Court of Session. On Reid's death, he was

admitted, on the 2d December 1558, aa

p.

437-441,) and comes to a simiIf,

lar conclusion.

however, the English

Lord President and in 15G0, he succeeded DaTid Panter in the See of Ross.
;

Prayer Book was then used, it was soon afterwards replaced by " The Forme of Prayers and ]\Iinistrations of the Sacraments, &c., vsed in the Englishe Congregation at Geneva and approved, by
:

He

tlied at Paris,

after

imdergoing a

painful surgical operation, on the 2d January 1565. Lesley calls him " ane

the famous and godly learned man,

wyse and lernit prelate," (Hist. p. 252,) and Ferrerius refers to his MS. collections for writing a History of Scotland.

His name written upon various books and manuscripts preserved in the Advocates Library, and in other collections,

lohn C'aluyn." This volume was originally " Imprinted at Geneva, by lohn Crespin, m.d.lvi." Small 8vo. There were later impressions at Geneva, in 1558 and 15G1. It was very frequently reprinted in tliis coimtry between 15G2 and 1643, and was usually profixed to

evince his gi-cat love of literain

ture,

common with
of
liis

several other

the metrical

version of the

members

family.

Psalms.

276
in

THE HISTORY OP
qwyet
houssis,

Book

I.

without great conventionis of the people

tharto, whill

afterward that

God move
and trew

the Prince to grant

publict preacheing be faithfiill

ministeris.

These two Headis

of Ergile took

concemyng the

religioun,

and

some

otheris concernyng the Polecy, being concluded, the old Erie

the mantenance of Johne Dowglass, caused

him preache
otheris,

publictlie in his hous,

and reformed many thingis

diverse

according to his consall.

The same boldness took

;

alsweall within townes as to landwarte

litle

which did

not a

truble the Bischopj)is

credito,

this lettre

and

and Quein Regent, as by committed to Sir David Hammyltoun ^

fra the Bischope of Sanctandrois to the said Erie of Ergile,

may be

clearlie understand.

The

Bischoppis Lettbe to the old Erie of Ergyle.

My

Lord, After maist hartlie commendatioun.

This
berar,

is

to

advertise

your

Lordship,

we have

direct

this

our

Cousing, towai-t your Lordschipe, in sick besynes and effaris

as

concernes your Lordschipis honourj,

;

proffeitt,

and great

weall

lyk as the said berar will declare your Lordscliij)e at

mare

lenth.

Praying your Lordschipe effectuously to adverte

to us, your Lordschipis freindis,

thairto,

and geve attendance

that ay hes willed the honour, proffeit, and uter wealth of

your Lordschipis house, as of our awin

berar.

and

credite to the

And

Jesu half your Lordschipe in everlesting heaping.

of Merche,

Of Edinburgh, the xxv day

(Sic subscribitur,)

Anno

1558.

Your Lordschippes

att all power,

J.

Sanctandrois.

David Hamilton of Preston, as had and Langkype, in 1541 and 1545. He was
1

Sir

in his voyage to France in 1536.

He

heir of his father Robert Hamilton, charters of the lands of Pricstgill

survived
detailed

till

November 1584:
p. 346.

see the

accomit given in Anderson's

House of Hamilton,

one of the attendants of James the Fifth

1558.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

PoLLOWis THE Credite.

277

Memorandum
Lord Erie of

to

Schir David

Hammyltoun,
half,

to

my
see

Ergilc, in

my

be-

and

lett

him

and heare

everie Articule.

In primis, To
long
it lies

repeit the ancient blood of his House,

stand,

how

notable

it lies

bein,

and

men
to

hes bein Erles, Lordis, and Knyclitis

how many noble thairof how long

so
;

thei have roiig in tlici partes, ever trew

and obedient bayth

tliir

God and

the Prince, without any smote to

sorte
:

dayis in

any nianer of
Secoundly,

and

to

remember how many notable men

affectioun
I

ar cuniing of his house.

To schaw him the great

bear

towardis him, his blood, house, and freindis, and of the ardent

desyre I have of the perpetuall standing of

fame, with
for
all

it

in

honour and
is

thame that

ar

come of

it

quhilk

my

parte

many and

diverse caussis, as ye shall schaw.

Thridly,
is to

To schaw

my

Lord,

me now

to hear, that he,

how havy and displeasing^ it wha is and hes bein sa noble

a man, should be seduced and abused by the flattery of sick

ane infamet person of the law^ and mensworne apostate, that

under the pretense that he geves him

self furth as

a preachear

of the Evangell and veritie, under that cullour settis furth

schismes and divisionis in the Haly Kirk of God, with hereticall propositions,

thinkand that under his mantenance and

defence, to infect this countrey with heresy, perswading said

my
that

Lord and otheris his

is

bariies

and

freindis, that all that

he speakis

Scripture,

and conforme

thairto,

albeit

many
people.
4.

of his propositionis ar

many

yearis

past

condempned
Christiane

be Generall Counsallis and the

liaill

estaite

of

To schaw

to

my

Lord,

how
dis-

perrelous this

is

to his Lord-

In MS. G, "

how heavy and

pleasing a tiling."
*

Not one who belonged to the law.

whom the law had rendered infamous. The reference here is to John Douglas sec page 28G.
but a person

278
schip

THE HISTORY OF
and
his house,

Book

I.

and decay

thareof, in caise the Authoritie

civile

wold be scharpe, and wold use conformo bayth to

and

cannon, and als your awin municipall law of this Realme.

5.

To

scliaw his Lordschipe,

how

w^a^ I

wold be eyther to
to him,

hear, see, or
his Sone, or his

knaw any
any of

displeasur that

mycht come
and

his house, or freindis,

;

especiallie in

awin tyme and dayis

to hear great

and

als

how

great displeasur I have

ellis

and

evill

bruyte of him, that should

in 2
;

now

in his aige, in a
tharein,

his fayth and to be alterat maner vary when the tyme is that he should be maist suir and

firme thairin.
6.

To schaw

his Lordschipe, that thare is dilatioun of that

man, called Dowglass or Grant, of syndrie Articules of heresye,

to,

quhilk lyes to
ellis

my

charge and conscience to put remeady

or

all

the pestilentious doctrin he sawes, and siclyik

all

all

that ar corrupt be his doctrin, and

that he drawes fra

our fayth and Christiane religioun, will ly to

my

charge afoir

God, and I to be accused befoir God for ower seing of him, yf I putt nott remedy tharto, and correct him for sick thingis

he

is

delaited of
it

And

tharefor that
it

my

Lord considder, and

weay

weall,
:

how
yf

heychtlie
I thole

lyes bayth to

my honour
all

and

conscience

for

him, I wilbe accused for

thame

that he infectis and corruj)tis in heresye.

Heirfor, I pray
this

My

Lord, in

my

maist hartly maner, to tack

mater in the best parte,

self,

for his

awin conscience, honour,

and weall of him

lyik for

hous, freindis,
for

and servandis

and sick

my

parte,

and

my

conscience and honour, that

considdcring that thare ar diverse Articules of heresey to be

laid to

him

that he

is

delated

of,

and that he

is

presentlie in

my

Lordis cumpany, that

my

Lord wold, be some honest way,

departe with this man, and putt

him

fra

him and

fra his

Sonnes cumpanye
1

for I

wold be richt sory that any being

=

Vautr.

edit,

makes

tliis

"

how well,"

In MS. G, " waver from

:"

Vautr.

which changes the sense.

edit,

has " vary of his faith."

1558.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

tliare

279

in

any of

cumpanyes should be

called for sick causses,

or that

any of thame should be bruited to hold any

wold advertise

sick

men.

And

this I

my

Lord, and have his Lordschippis

answer and resolutioun, ere any summondis passed upoun him,

togitther with

Item,

my Lordis answer. Yf my Lord wald have a man

and preache
to him, I

to instruct

him

trewlio

in the fayth,

wold provide a cunning

for his

man
and

to him, wharefoir I shall

shall putt

answer

trew doctrin,

my

saule tharefoir, that he shall teach nathing

faith.

but trewly according to our Catholik

Off Edinburgh, this last of Merch, 1558.

{Sic suhscribitu?',)
J.

Sanctandeois.1

Item, Attour, your Lordschipe shall draw to good remembrance,

and wey the great and havye murmur against me,

bayth be the Quenis Grace, the Kirk men, Spirituall and

Temporall Estaitis, and weall gevin people, meanyng, crying,

and murmuring me greattumlie, that

thole
sick

do nott

my
my

office to

infamouse persons with sick perversett doctrin,

within

my

Diosey and this Realme, be ressoun of

;2

Legasey

and Primacey
posteritie,

quhilkis I have rather susteaned

and long
and
flf.sche

sufferred, for the great luif that I

had

to your Lordschip
;

and your

freindis,

and your house

als

beleving

suyrly your Lordschippis wisedom should not have manteaned

Jfj.p\''o*"(,"

and melled with

displeasur,

sick thingis that

mycht do me dishonour

or

'niscuo^rBf

considdering I being reddy to have putt good

;

ordour thairto alwayes

luif of

but hes allanerlie absteaned, for the

your Lordschip and house foirsaid, that I bear trewly, knawing and seing the great skaith and dishonour and lack appeirandlye that mycht come tharthrowght, incaise your Lordschip remeid not the samyn haistelly, whareby we mycht
* In tlic other copies, the signatui'e is simply " Sanct Androis." ^ The Archbishop here alludes to his

being Le<jatus NattiK, or Pope's Legate,

as well as Primate of
the
Scottish

Church.

280

THE HISTORY OF
all

Book

I.

bayth be qwyet of

danger, quhilkis dowbtless will come

upoun us baytb, yf I use nott my office, or that lie be called, tlie tyme that he is now with your Lordschip, and under
your Lordschippis protectioun.
{Subscrivit agane,)
J.

Sanctandrois.
perceave, Gentill

By
plices,

these formar Instructionis, thow

may

Readar, what was the cayre that this pastor, with his comtook to fead the flock committed to thare charge, (as

thei alledge,)

and

to ganestand fals teachearis.

Hear

is

oft

mentioun of conscience, of heresy, and suche other termes, But that may fray the ignorant, and deceave the sempill.

we hear no ciyme
accused
;i

in particulare laid to the charge of the

and

yit is

he damj)ned as ane mensworne apostate.

This was
fatheris,

my

Lordis conscience,

which he learned of his

the Pharesies, old ennemyes to Christ Jesus,

befoir

who

damned him
toun
*

thei

hard him.

But who rewlled

my
Gil-

Lordis conscience, Avhcn he took his Eme's wyiF,

?2

Lady

Considder thow the rest of his persuasioun,

statement at page 124,
ritably conclude,
it

and
cha-

That is, John Douglas. In a former page, mention is made of this Lady, who obtained La her days
2

we may

sufficient notoriety.

(See p. 124, notes

4 and

5.)

Grizzel

Sempill was

the

daughter of Robert

INIaster of Semi^ill,

who succeeded
of

his father, William, as

was only subsequent to her husband's death that she became the avowed mistress of John Hamilton, Archbishop of St. Andrews, by whom she had several children (see note 1, page 125.) Two of her sons are thus
:

third Lord Sempill, La 1548.

The death by Knox

her husband, James Hamilton of

is

styled La the Register of the Great " Legitimatio Johannis HammylSeal

:

Staneliouse,

also mentioned

at page 222.

He had been
;

appointed

toun junioris bastardi filii natui-alis Grissillidis Sempill fili93 Roberti Magistri

Captain of the Castle of Edinburgh,

de Sempill,

et

Willielmi

Ham-

about September 1543

p.

(Lesley's Hist.

myltoim ejus
9 Oct. 1551.

fratris

etiam bastardi."

174;) and
lost his

five

years later,
filled

when

See also note by George

he

life,

he also

the office
slaia at

of Provost of

the City.

His eldest

Crawfui-d, in his Officers of State, p. 381. It was probably in virtue of some

son and heu% James,

who was

property she
as there
is

may

have acquired that

of

the same time, was his father's Deputy,

she obtaLaed the

title

Lady Gilton

and

Dii'cctor

of

tlie

Chancery.

Not-

withstanding the ambiguity of Knox's

no evidence of her having contracted any second marriage. Ou

1568.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

shall
clearlie
see,
is

281
luif

tliow

that

honour,

estimatioun,

to

housse and freindis,

hes,

the best ground that

mj

Lord Bischope

why he

should persecut Jesus Christ in his members.

We

thowg-ht good to insert the Answeris of the said Erie,

which follow:

Memorandum.

This

present wrjte

is

to

mak Answer

particularlie to everilk Article, directed be

my Lord
Hammyland hear

OF Sanctandrois to me, with Schir David

TOUN

quhilkis Articles ar in

nomber

IX.,

repeted and answered as I traist to his Lordschippis

contentment.
1.

The

First Article puttis

me
;

in

remembrance of the an-

cianitie of the blood of

my

Hous, how

and Knychtes,

lies

bein thairof

many Erles, Lordis, how many Noble men dis-

the lltli July 1550, (not 1553, as usually

stated,) AYilliam third

(Johnston's Hist, of Scotland, MS., Advocates Library.)

Lord Creichton

of Sanquhar,
nor's

was slain in the Goverchamber by Robert Master of who was acquitted by the SempiU
;

The most remarkable

notice of this

lady occurs in the Records of the

Town

Council of Edinburgh, 2Gth November

1561, on which day the Provost and

Governor, on the 10th SeiDtember 1550.

(Pitcairn's

Crim. Trials,

vol.

i.

p.

354*.)

"

He

escaped punishment, (says

other members of Council ordained " actis to be set furth, chargiag Grizzell
Simpill

by means of John Hamilton, Bishop of St. Andrews, brother to the Governor, who entertained the Lady Stenhouse, commonly called Lady Gilton, daughter to this Robert Lord SemPitscottie,)
ple, as his

Lady Stanehous
nixt,

adulterar, to

remuif her

self furth of the

and Mumuiday

town bctuix under the panys

contenit iu the proclamation set fiu'th

concubine."
it

From

the date

aganis adulteraris." As the Archbishop of St. Anch-ews had a residence in Edin-

of the remission,

brother
der.

must have been her this murBuchanan and other authorities

burgh,

it

was no doubt her

living openly

who had committed

with

Mm,

that occasioned this peremp-

tory enactment.
ther, it

Without enlarging furthat she acquired

in the lordslup of

likewise attribute his acquittal to the

may be added,
Blaii-,

same

influence

and one compiler says

the lands of
Culross,

of the Archbishop, in very plain terms, " Amangis many utheris his harlottis,

he interteayned this harlot Semple, nather bewtifull, of good fame, or uther-

wayis in any sort notable, except his awin kynsman, and followed hun as scho had bene his lauchjEuU wyife."

and was sometimes called She died in October 1575, and iu the Confirmation of lier Testament Dative, she is styled "ane honorabill Lady Gryssell Sympill, Lady

"Lady

Blair."

Stanehous."

282

THE HISTORY OF
it

Book

I.

cended of the same hous, how long

continewed trew to God

and the Prince, without smot

sorte.

in thare dayis, in

any maner of
weall long

[Answer.]

Trew
my
:

it

is,

my

Lord, that thare

is

continewance of

Hoiis, be

Goddis providence and benevoserved,

lence of our Princes,

whome we have
yitt,

and

shall serve

trewly nixt to

God And

the lyik obedience towardis

God and

our Princes remanes with us

or rather bettir, (praised

be the Lordis name,) nother

Princess and hir

know we any

spot towardis our

dew
is

obedience.

And
Lyik

yf thare be offence
;

towardis God, he
will not the

mercifull to remitt our offences

as,
it

for "

He

death of a synnar."

standis in his

Omnipotent power to maik up housses, to con^new the samyn,

to alter thame, to

maik thame small

or great, or to extinguish
;

thame, according to his awin inscrutable wisedome

exalting, depressing,

for in

and changeing of

houssis, the laude

and

praise most be gevin to that ane eternall God, in whais

hand

the same standis.

2.

The Secound

Article bearis the great affectioun

;

and love
of the

your Lordschip bearis towardis

me and my House and

is

ardent desyre ye have of the perpetuall standing thairof in

honour and fame, with

[Answer.]
unto

all

thame that
it

cuming of it.

Forsuyth,

is

your dewitie to wische good

my

Hous, and unto thame that ar cuming of the same,

not allanerlie for the faythfulnes, amitie, and societie, that hes bein betuix our
of blood 1 that
is

-foirbearis,

but also for the

lait

conjunction

betuix oure saidis Houssis, gif

;

it

be Goddis

pleasur that

it

have success

quhilk should give sufficient

occasioun to your Lordschip to wische good to

Archibald fourth Earl of Argyle, in

my

Housse,
Their son
of

'

the

Duke

of Chattelherault.

1529, married to his first wife,

Lady

Arcliibald succeeded as fifth Earl

Helen Hamilton, second daughter of James first Earl of Arran, and sister of

Argyle about the end of 1558. page 290.

See

1558.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

gloir,

283
is

and perpetuitie with Goddis

perpetuall, unto
ever.

without quhilk nothing

whome be

praise

and wirschipe

for ever

and

Amen.
Tliridly,

3.

your Lordsdiip declares how displeasand

it

is

to yow, that I should be seduced be ane

infamed persone of

the law,^ and be the flatterie of ane mensworne apostate, that,

under pretence of his furth geving, maikis us to understand,

that he
is

ane preachear of the Evangell, and tharewith rases

schismes and divisionis in the haill Kirk of

God

and be our

mantenance and defence, wald

sye
;

infect this countrey with here-

alledgeand that to be Scripture, whilk thir

many

yearis

bygane, hes bein condemned as heresye be the Generall Counsallis

and

haill estate of Christiane people.

Ansure.

The God that

is,

creatted heavin

and
;

earth,

and

all

that thairin
otheris

preserve

me

fra

seduceing

and I dread
persecute ane

many under

the cullour of godlynes ar seduceid, and

thinkis that thei do

God a

pleasur,

when

tliei

of

thame that

professes his name.

:

Wliat that

man
:

is

of the

law we know nott

we hear nane
is

of his flatterie
us.

his

menwar

sworne aith of apostasie

ignorant to

But yf he had
it

maid ane

unlefull
it

aith,

contrair

Goddis command,
it.

bettir to violate

then to observe

He

preaches nathing

to us but the Evangell.

GifF he wald otherwiese do,

we wold

nott beleve him, nor yitt ane angell of heavin.

We

hear

him sawe na schismes nor divisiones, but sic as may stand with Goddis word, whilk we shall caus him confcsse in presence of your Lordschip and the Clargie,

when ye requyre
all

us thairto.
Generall

And

as to

it

that hes bein condempned be the

Counsallis,

we
lies

traist

ye knaw weall that

the

Generall Counsalles
selfis,

bein at divcrsitie amangcs thame

universallie aggrcing in all

and never twa of thame

in

pointis,

samekle as thei ar of men.

'

But the Spreit of

See note

2,

page 277.

284
veritie

THE HISTORY OF
that
bearis
;

Book

I.

testimony of our Lord Jeeus hes nott,

" for heavin

nether can not, err

and earth

shall perishe or

ane jote of
nether will

it

perishe."

By
sett

this,

my

Lord, nether teaches he,

we

accept of him, but that whilk aggreis with

furth be
left

Goddis
Apostles,

synceir word,

Patriarkis,

Prophetis,

and Evangelistis,

to our salvatioun in his ex-

presse word.

And
is

swa,

my

Lord, to condempne the doctrin

;

not esaminat

not requyred

for

pleassis to hear the confessioun of that

when your Lordschip manis faith, the manor

and
slialbe

of his doctrin, which aggreis with the Evangell of Jesus Christ,

I will cans

him

to assist to judgement,

present

thairat with Goddis pleasur, that he

liis

may

rander recknyng of

beleve and our doctrin, to the superiour poweris, according

to the prescriptioun of that blood of the eternall Testament,

seilled

be th 9 immaculate Lambe, to whome, with the Father,

Spreit, be all

and the Holy

ever.

honour and

gloria, for ever

and

Amen.
The Ferd
Article puttis

4.

me

in remembrance,
j)utt at

how dangerHouse,

ous

it is,

gif the authoritie

wald

me and my

according to civile and cannon lawes, and our awin municipale

lawis of this Realme,

and how

it

appeareth to the decay of

our housa

Ansure.All
in everie

lawis ar (or at the least should be) subject

to Goddis law, whilk law should be first placed

and planted
:

manes hearte
it

it

should have na impediment

men

should not abrogat

for the defence

it

and upsetting of thare

mantenance of
:

awin advantage.

Gif

wald please Authorities to put at our

housse, for confessing of Goddis Avord, or for

his law,

God

is

myelitic yneuch in his awin cans

I will serve

He

should

be rather obeyed nor man.

bodye,
harte, goodis, strcnth,
is

my
is

Princess with
in

and

all

that

my

power,

except that whilk

him

self alone

Goddis dewitie, quhilk I will reserve to That is, to wirschipe him in trewth and

1558.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

and
als

285

veritie,

near as I can, conforme to his prescrived

worde, to Lis awin honour and obedience of

my

Princess.

5.

The

Fyffc Article j)uttis

me
see,

in

remembrance how

vra,

your

Lordschip wald be to hear,

or

know any

displeasur that

to me, my sone, or any of my house, and spemy tyme and dayis, and als to hear the great and evill biiiyte of me that should now in my aige in a manor begyn to warie fra^ my faith, and to be altered thairin, when

mycht come

ciallie in

the tyme

is,

that I should be maist suir and firme thairin.

Ansuke.
fest to

Youre

Lordschippis gud will

is

ever maid mani-

me

in all your Articles, that wald not hear, see, or

displeasur, for the quhilkis I

knaw my
But as
do
;

am bound

to rander

your Lordschip thankis, and shall do the samyn assuredly.

for

wavering in

my

faith,

God forbyd

that' I should sa

for I beleve in Grod the

Father, Almyghti6 maikar of

heavin and earth, and in Jesus Christ his onlie Sone our
Salveour.

My

Lord, I vary not in

my

faith

bot I praise

God

that of his goodnes

now

in

my

latter dayis hes of his infinit

mercy oppynned his bosome of grace to me, to acknawlcdge him the Eternall Wisedomc, his Sone Jesus Christ, my omnisufficient satisfactioun to refuise all manor of idolatrie, superstitioun,

and ignorance, whairwyth

I haif bein

blynded in

tymes bygane, and now belevis that God wilbe mercj^ull to

me, for now he hes declared his blessed will
bcfoir
clearlic to

me,

my

departing of this transitorie

lyiff.

6.

The Sext

Article dcclaired that thare ar delationis of

syndi'ie pointis of heresye

upoun that man,

called

Dowglas or

Grant, whilk lyes to your charge and conscience to putt re-

meady
and
all

to,

or cllis that all the pcstilentiouse doctrin he sawis,

whome he

corruptes with his seid, wilbe rcquyred at

all

your handis, and

whome he drawes
III

fra

your Cliristiane

MS. 0, "waver from."

286
faitli
;

THE HISTORY OP
and yf ye should
tliole

Book

I.

him,

tliat

ye wilbe accused
;

for

all

tliame

whome he

infectes with heresey

and

tharefoir to

regard your Lordschippis honour and conscience

Ansure.

heirintill.

^Wliat is his
;l

surname
I
teaclie

knaw

nott,

but he calles

him

self

Dowglas
I

for

know nother
;

his

father nor his

;

mother.

have heard him

na Articles of heresye
for I

hot

that quliilk aggreis with Goddis word

wold manteane
regardis your

na man

in heresey or errour.

Your Lordschip

conscience in the punishement thairof.

I pray Grod that ye

sua do, and

examyn
:

weall your conscience.

He

preaches

aganis idolatrie
it

I remit to your Lordschippis conscience

yf

be heresye or not.
:

He

preaches aganis adulterie and forni-

catioun

I referr that to your Lordschii)pia conscience.

:

He
cor-

preaches aganis hypocrisye

conscience.

I referr that to your Lordschippis

all

He

preaches aganis

maner
:

of abuses

and

ruj)tioun of Christes synceir religioun

I refer that to your

Lordschippis conscience.

My

Lord, I exhorte yow, in Christis

name, to wey

all thir ej0faris in

your conscience,^ and considder

ther he was the person

1 Spotiswood says that Douglas was a Carmelite or AVhite Friar. (Hist. p.

who
be

entered the
conjec-

Carmelite Order,

may

left to

94.)

It is

not improbable he

may have

ture; but on 1st October 1547, he

was

been the same person whose name appears as a Determinant in St. Salvator's
College in 1554.

elected Provost of St. Mary's College,

In that year another

In 1551, "Magister Joannes Douglas Prepositus Novi Collegii Mariani," was

elected Rector of the University
;

John Douglas had the same rank in St. Mary's College, where he became a Licentiateinl555.
It is, I think,

and

quite certain

being annually elected to this office for the unprecedented period of twentythree successive years, (1572-3, being called " Vigesimus tertius Rectoratus

who was Chaplain to the Earl of Argyle in 1558, and who may have assvimed the name of Grant to
that John Douglas,

Johannis Douglas,) and being a constant resident St. Andrews, it is obvious he could not have been the obscure person who was protected by the

escape apprehension, should not be con-

founded with the Provost of St. Mary's College, as Keith and other wi-iters have done. The latter was born about the year 1494, and was descended from the Douglasses of Pettendreich. He
studied at
St.

Earl of Argyle.
2 How the Bishop's conscience (says Dr. M'Crie) stood affected as to these

Andrews

at the

same

points,

we know not

but

it is

certain

time with John Wynrame, and was a Determinant in St. Leonard's College in
1515, and a Licentiate in 1517.

that his practice

was very far from being

Wh&-

iv. p.

immaculate." (Wilkins, Concilia, vol. 209 Life of Knox,-vol. i. p. 320.)

;

1558.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

be your dewitie
to do the same.
also,

287
but in lyk

yf

it

not only to thole

is all,

this,

maner

This

my

Lord, that I yaryo in

my

aige,

and na uthcr

thing-,

but that I

these offenses to be abhominable to God, and

knew nott befoir now knoAvinsf

his will be manifestatioun of his word, abhorres thame.

7.

The Sevint

Article desyres

me

to

way

thir materis in

maist hartlie maner, and to tack thame in best parte, for the
weall of bayth our consciences,
vandis,

my

Hous,

freindis,

and

ser-

and

to put sic

ane

man

out of

my
:

cumpany,

for feir

of the

cummer and bmyt

is

that should follow thairupoun, be

reasson he

dilated of sindry hereseyis

and that your Lordsic

Bchip wald be sory to hear ony of our servandis delated or

bruited for

sic caussis, or for

balding of any

men

and that

your Lordschip wald understand

my

ansuer hearintill, or ony

summondis passed thairu^^oun. Ansure. I thank your Lordschip

greatlie that
is

ye ar so
as

solist for

the weall of

me and my

House, and

sa

humane

to maik me the advertisment befoir ye have summoned, of and hcs weyed thir your awin good will and benevolence materis, als heychtlie as my judgement can seiTe me, bayth for your Lordschippis honour and myn. And when I have
;

reassoned

all

that I can do with

my

self in

it,

I think

it

ay

best to serve God,

and obey his manifest word, and nott be

:

obstinat in his contrarie

syne to give thare dew obedience to

our Princes, rewllaris, and magistratis, and to hear the voce

of Goddis propheittis, declairing his good premisses to

thame

that reapentis, and threatnyng to obstinat wicked doaris, everlesting destructioun.

he hcs spoking with your Lordschip

Avith

Your Lordschip knawis weall the man I thought yow content

:

him.

I heard

na occasioun of offence

in him.

I can

nott weall
sic

want

him, or
I

some preachar.

I can nott put away

offendar, as I

ane man, without

;

knew him ane

know

nott

for I hear

nothing of him, but

sic as

your Lordschippis

288
self

THE HISTORY OF

Book

I.

heard of him, and sick as he yitt will professe in your Sic ane man presence, whenever your Lordschip requires.
that
is

readdy to

assist

him

self to

judgement, should not be

;

expelled without cog-nitioun of the cause

for lyik as I an-

swered befoir in ane

other Article,

when your Lordschip

estaite in

pleassis that all the spirituall

and temporall men of

him render ane accompt Then gif he of his beleve and doctrin in your presences deserves punishment and correctioun, lett him so suffer give he be found foythfull, lett him leve in his faith.
Scotland beis convened, I shall cans
:

8.

The Aucht

Article proponis to me, that your Lordschip

wald tack the laubour to gett

your Catholick
trine
faith,

me

man

to instruct

me

in

and

to be

my

preachear, for whais doc-

ye wald lay your

saule, that

he wald teach nathing but

sorte, that

trewly confomie to your faith.

Ansure,
will

God Almychtie send us many of that

;

preache trewlie, and nathing but ane Catholik universall

Christiane faith

and we Heland rud people hes mister of

thame.

And

yf your Lordschip wald gett and provid

me

sic

a man, I should provid him a corporall leving, as to with great thankis to your Lordschip
;

my

self,

for trcAvly, I

and many

ma

hes great myster of sick men.

And

becaus I

am

able to

susteane

ma

nor ane of thame, I will requeist your Lordschip

earnestlie to provid
vist is great,

me

sic

man

as ye wrait

" for the har-

and thare ar few

lauboraris."

9.

The

last

and Nynt Article puttis

me

in remembrance, to
thollis,

considder what
bruyt, at

murmour your Lordschip

and great
people,

many manis

handis, bayth Spirituall

and Temporall,

and

at the Quenis Grace hand,

and utheris weall gevin

effaris
;

for nott putting of

ordour to thir

and that your Lordof

schip hes absteaned fra executioun

lieirof, for luif

my

house
it,

and

posteritie, to the effect that

my

self

should remaid

for

1558.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

289

feir of

the dishonour mycht come upoun us bajth for the

same

whilk beand remeaded, mycht bring us out of

all

danger.

Ansure.

My Lord,

knaw

weall what
at

murmur and

indigall

natioun your Lordsehip

estaitis, for

thoillis

ennemies handis of
;

non-persewing of pure sempill Christianes

and

know, that gif your Lordsehip wald use thare

your Lordsehip serve thare wicked appetites.
sehip knawis your awin
dewitie,

counsall, that
to

wald be blud-schedding and buniyng of pure men,

maik

Yit your Lordfeare the

verrely,

and should not

professe.

danger of men, as of him

my

Lord, thare

is

nathing

whom ye that may

And

be to your Lordschippis

releaf in this behalf, bot I will use your Lordschippis counsall

thairintill,

provided,

and further the samyn, Goddis honour being first and the treuth of his eternall word having libertie.

And

to absteane for

my

luif fra persuyt, as

your Lordsehip

hes signified, I
writtin diverse

am

addetted to your Lordsehip, as I have

befoir.

tymes

But thare
Last of

is

ane above,
ellis,

for

whais fear ye

man

absteane fra blude-schedding, or

all,

my

Lord, knok on your conscience.

please to considder,
;

your Lordsehip

how desyrous some ar to have sedition amongis freindis how myelitic the Devill is to saw discord how that mony wald desyre na better game but to hunt us at we will aggree uther. I pray your Lordsehip begyle thame
; :

upoun

all

purpose, with Goddis pleasur, standing to his honour.

us, that professe

Thare ar diverse Houssis in Scotland by

the

same God
gane
thairof,

secreatly.
;

Thei desyre but that ye begyn the barit

at us

and when
sail

begynnis at

us,

God knawis

the end

and wha

byd the nixt

litill

putt.

My

Lord, considder

this

mak na

preparative of us.

Lett nott the vane exhortaof the weall and strenth of

tioun of thame that regardis

bayth our Houssis, sture up your Lordsehip, as thei wald to do

aganis God, your awin conscience, and the weall of your posteritie for ever.

And

thairfoir

now

in the end, I pray your

VOL.

I.

290
Lordschip,
Grod
is

THE HISTORY OP
wey
tliir tliingis

Book
gif

I.

wysely

and

ye do utherwyise,
that

God, wes, and

slialbe

God, when

all is wroclit

man

can wirk.

This ansuer receaved, the Bischope and his complices fand thame selfis somewhat disapointed for the Bischoppes looked
;

for nothing' less

then for such ansiieris frome the Erle of

Ergile
defence

and
;

thairfoir thei
is,

that

Quein Regent in
shall

maid thame for thare extreame to corrupt and by buddis to styre up the our contrare as in the Secound Booke we
;

more

plainly heare.

Schorte after this,

God

called to his

mercy the

said Erie of

Ergyle from the miseries of this lyef;i whareof the Bischoppis

war glaid

for thei

thowght that thare great ennemye was

:

takin out of the

way

but

God

disapointed thame.

For as

the said Erie departed most constant in the trew faith of Jesus
Christ, with

a plane renunciatioun of
;

all

impietie, supersti-

tioun,
*'

and

idolatrie

so left

he

it

to his

Sone in his Testament,

That he should study to

set fordwarte the publict

and trew
all

preaching of the Evangell of Jesus Christ, and to suppress

superstitioun
10

and
.

idolatrie, to
fait
.

the uttermost of his power."

2

In

MAij,

ANNO
1566.3

which poynt small

can be found with him

to this day.

God be
^

mercifull to his other oifensses.

Amen.

Archibald fourth Earl of Avgyle, in was designed son and heir-apparent of Colin Earl of Argyle. He sue1525,

cember following, in the confirmation of the same charter, it is expressed that he was then deceased,
2

ceeded to the
1543, he
alliance of

title

before

1533.

In

Knox

in thus alluding to the confifth

was opposed

to the proposed

duct of Archibald
herence to Queen

Earl of Argyle,
at the time

Edward
;

the Sixth and

Mary
1547,

evidently points at his continued adINlary,

Queen of Scots

and distinguished himiii

self at the battle of Pinkie,

when
s

the above passage

was

written,

and at the siege of Haddington, in the The precise time of following year. his death is not ascertained and his Testament is not known to be preserved. But he died towards the close of 1558, as on the 21st August that year
;

In MS. G, and Vautr.

1568.
it

edit., this

date

is

introduced into the text, as 10th of

If this

May

was not a

clerical

might be held to indicate that the iatermediate MS., from which

mistake,
Vautrollier's
edition,

as well as the

he granted a charter to his son Ai-chibald, then

Glasgow MS. was taken, had been transcribed in that year.

Lord

Lome

on the 2d De-

1558.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

291

The
e\'in

Bischoppis continewed in thare Provinciall Counsall2

tliat

unto

And

that thei

day that Johne Knox arryred in Scotland.^ mycht gevo some schaw to the People tliat thei
thei sparsed abrod a

mynded Reformatioun,
sett furth

rumor

tliairof,

and

somewhat

in print, whicli of the People

was

called

The Twa-penny Fayth."^ 1. Amonges thare Actes, thare was much ado for cappes, schavin crounes, tippettis, long gounes, and such other trifilles.

"

2.

Item, That nane should enjoy

office or

benefice ecclesias-

ticall,
3.

except a Preast.

Item, That na Kirk-man shoidd nuriss his awin barnes BROTHERLIK CHARITIE.

in his

awin cumpanye

but that everie one should hold the

childrein of otheris.
4.

That none should putt his awin sone

the margin of the

in his

awin

benefice.

On

MS.

is

writ-

this

refers

to

the Catecuisme,

''

set

apparently in Knox's own hand, and then deleted, " Here tak in the Begten,

fiu'th,

in his Provincial Counsale,"

;

by

gars

Summonds warning
edit.,

the Freres."
in all the

In Vautr.
place,

in

MS. G, and
is

other copies,
nected.

it

introduced in this

where it stands wholly unconThe paper referred to occurs at the end of the original MS., (fol. 388,) as a single leaf, entitled " The Blind,
Crooked,
&c.,

Archbishop Hamilton which has this colophon, " Prentit at Sanct Androus, be the command and expensis of the maist reuerend father in God, lohne Archbischop of Sanct Androus, and Primat of ye hail Kirk of Scotland, the xxix. day of August, the zeir of oiu" Lord m.d. lii." But besides the difi"ei'4to, 220 leaves.
ence of six years in the date, and the

to

the

Flockis

of all
It will

Friars within this realme," &c.

absurdity of supposing that a volume

of that size could have been sold for

be seen that the Author had finally resolved upon inserting it near the beginning of Book Second.
* See note 1, page 318, and Appendix, No. XIV. for some notices of thi.s Pro-

such a price, the Catechism was never laity, but was specially enjoyned to be used by " all and
intended for the sindry Personis, Vicars and Curatti.s,"

vincial Council, in 1558-9.

3

both for their

own

edification,
it

Knox
:

himself fixes the date of his

reading a portion of
parochianaris,"

arrival in Scotland to the 2d of

May

" quhen thair cummis

to "thair

and for awin

1559
*

sec page 318.

In the

MS.

it

was

Threepenny Faith."

The Spottiswood and

i.

originally "

the word of God."

thamc to schaw thamc Of the Twopenny Faith, published in 1559, no copy is

na prccheour
to

other wi'iters, (see Keith, vol.

pp. 5,

knowu

to be preserved.

149,) have erroneously imagined that

292
5.

THE HISTORY OP
That yf any war found in open adultery,
sliould lose the thrid of his benefice
; ;

Book
for tlie

I.

first

fait, lie

for the secound

cryme, the half

and

for the thrid, the hole benefice.

But

liearfra appelled

the Bischope of Murray,! and otheris

Prelattis, saying, "

And

so

That thei wold abyd at the Cannoun law/' mycht thei weall yneuch do, so long as thei remaned
dispensatouris, maikaris,

interpretouris,

and disannullaris of

that law.

But lett the same law have the trew interpreta-

tioun and just executioun, and the Devill shall als schone be

provin a trew and obedient servand unto God, as any of that

sorte shalbe provin a Bischope, or yit to
ritie

have any just autho-

within the Church of Clu'ist Jesus.

But we returne to

oure Historye.

The persecutioun was decreid, asweall by the Quein Regent but thare rested a point, which the as by the Prelattis Quein Regent and France had nott at that tyme obteaned
; ;

to witt,

That the Croune Matrimoniall should be granted to Frances, husband to our Soverane, and so should France and
Scotland be but one kingdom e, the subjectes of boyth realmes

to have equall libertie, Scotismen in France, in Scotland. to have

and French men

blynded

The

glister of the proffeit

that was judged heirof

ensewed to Scotishmen at the

eyis.

first sight,

many

menis

But a small wynd caused that myst suddantlye

;

to vaniss

away for the greatast offices and benefices within the Realme war appointed for French men. Monsieur Ruby 2
'

It is said that

Heijburn, Bishop of

troUer in 1557.

For

this

we have

the

Moray, imagining that the last of the enactments which Rnox has specified had a special reference to his licentious conduct, justified himself, not by an appeal to the Canon Law, but to example set by Archbishop Hamilton,

authority of Lindsay of Pitscottie, who says, " Soone thairefter, slia (the Queen

Regent) changed her Officeris of State, and maid ane Maister Ruby Comptroller,

qiiho used sick rigour in his ofiice,

who

presided in the Council.

" At page 262, notice is taken of the appointment of Monsieur de Ruby, ia and 1 554, as Keeper of the Great Seal he is there said to have been Comp;

mcontinent he was deposed." But it sub anno 1557.) must be added, that Pitscottie is very inaccurate in many of his statements
that
(Chronicles,

as Vielmort, according both to

Knox
Comp-

and Lesley, held the

ofi&ce

of

1558.

THE REFORMATION
Seall.

IN SCOTLAND.

293
Melrose

keapt the Great

Vielmort was Comptrollar.3

and
nall

Kelso 4

should have bein a

Commend

to the poore Cardi-

The fredomcs of Scotish merchantis war restreaned in Rowan, and thci compelled to pay toll and taxTo bring ationis otheris then thare ancient liberties did bear.
of Lorane.
this

head to

pass, to witt, to gett the Matrimoniall Croune, the

left

Quein Regent

no point of the compas unsailled.

With the
:

Bischoppis and Preastis, sche practised on this maner

"

Ye
regenTiur
PRACTISES.

may

clearlie
;

Realme so band
to

for

see, that I can not do what I wald within this these heretickis and confidderatis of England ar

togitther, that thei stop all

good ordour.

Butt will ye

be favorable unto
be granted to
I

me

in this suyt of the Matrimoniall Croune

my

Dowglitaris housband, then shall ye see

how

shall handill these heretickis

and

tratouris or

it

be

long."

And

in verray dead, in these hir promessis, sche

ment

no deceat in that behalf

Unto the Protestantis she

oft

said, " I

am

nott unmyndfull

how

ye have suyted

me

for

Reforma;

tioun in religioun,
troller
;

and

glaidly wald I consent thairunto

ler

but

and the

latter expressly says,

that

Ruby "kepit

the Great Seill dur-

ing the hoill time of the Queen Regent's

that

is,

government," (Hist. from 1554 till 1560.

p.

252

;)

by the Queen Regent in the year 1554. (History, p. 250.) * Lord James Stewart, the eldest of the natural sons of James the Fifth, is
noticed at page 71, as having been educated under George Buchanan, and as

And

in
is

1558, in an Act of Parliament, he

styled

"]VrYnes

de

des Seaulx dicelle

Rubbay Garde Dame," apparently

Pari.

meaning
Scot. vol.

Queen
ii.

Mary. (Acta

Commendator of the Monasteries of Kelso and Melrose see also page 249, note 5. But the date of his death is
:

other authority,

According to anhe held the Great Seal until 1564, when he was succeeded by David Rizzic (Scott's Staggering
p. 513.)

there erroneously stated.

1548,
it

Listead of

happened in August or September 1558. The Queen Dowager uo-

mmatcd her
Lorraine,

uncle, Charles Cardinal of

State,

App.

p. 175.

See Ty tier's Hist.

it

and brother of Francis Duke

vol. vi. p. 60.)

3

Bartholomew Villemore,

is

said,

of Guyse, to be his successor, " be vertutof the Acte of Naturalization," (Lesley's

had been named Comptroller by Queen Mary, in March 1560-1, but he was never admitted. (Scott's Staggering But Bishop Lesley State, App. p. 144.)
mentions
liis

History, p. 267

;)

but the Cardmal never

obtained possession of these lucrative beThe Commendatorship of Melnefices.

rose

appointment as

(..'oniptrol-

was afterwards conferred on James Douglas, a cadet of the ^lortou f uuiily.

294

THE HISTORY OF THE REFORMATION.

craft of the

Book

I.

ye see the power and

Bischop of Sanctandrois,

togetther with the power of the Duck, and of the Kirk-men,

ever to be bent against

I

me

in all

my

proceadingis

So that

may

do nothing, onless the

full authoritie

of this

Realme

be devolved to the King of France, which can nott be butt

by donatioun
of religioun,

of the Croune Matrimoniall

which thing yf ye

will bring to passe,

then devise ye what ye please in materis

and

thei shalbe granted."

Wytli this commission and credytt was Lord James, then

Priour of Sanctandrois, direct to the Erie of Ergyle, with
other promessis then

mo

we

list

to reherse.

By

such dissimula-

tioun to those that war sempill and trew of harte, inflambed

sche tliame to be more fervent in hir petitioun, then

liir

self

appeared to

be.

And
man

so at the Parliament, haldin at Edinit

burght in the moneth of October,! the yeir of Grod 1558,

clearlie voted,

was
his

no

reclamyng, (except the

it

Duck

2 for

entress f)

and

yitt for

thare was no better law produced,

except that thare was ane solempned Messe appointed for

that purpose in the Pontificall.

This head obteaned, whaireat France and sche principallie

schote,

what

faith sche keapt unto the Protestantis, in this

:

our Secound Book shalbe declared

In the begynnyng whairof,

we man more amplie

First ar

reherse some thingis, that in this our

summarly tweiched.

THE END OF THE FIRST BOOK.

1 Parliament did not meet 29th of November 1558.

till

the

The Duke of Chattelherault gave

in,

Souerane Lady ;" and another protest, on the 29th November 1558, " tuiching (ActaParl. the Crowne Matrimoniale."

at the Parliament held at

Edmburgh
our

Scot. vol.
^

ii.

p. 605, 507.)

on the 14th December 1557, a protestation

" tuiching

In MS. G, " except the

Duke

for his

the marriage of

interest."

THE SECOUND BOOK OF THE HISTORYE OF THINGIS DONE IN SCOTLAND, IN THE REFORMATIOUN OF RELIGIOUN, BEGYNNYNG IN THE YEAR OF GOD J*^ V^ FYFTY
AUGHT.

297

OuRE purpose was

Historie
fi'om
tlie

to

have maid

tlie

begynnyng of our
Refonnatioun of
possessed
;i

tliingis

that war done from the year of

yearis,
till

God
yitt,

J'

y-

fyfty

aueht

the

Religioun, which of Goddis mercy

in doctrin

we anes

and

and

in the rycht use of administratioun of

Sacramentis, do possesse.

But becaus diverse of the

to
;

godlie,

(as hefoir is said,) earnestlye requyred, that such Personis as

God

raised

up

in the

myddis of darknes,

oppone thame
thare

selfis to

the same, should nott he omitted

we obeyed

requeast,
teris as

and have maid a schorte rehersall of all such maconceme Religion, frome the death of that notable
foir-

servand of God, Maister Patrik Hammyltoun, unto the

said year,

when

that

it

pleased

God

to look

upoun us more
tinible)

mercyfallie then

we

deserved,
(albeit

and

to geve unto us greattar

boldness

and better

not without hasard and

successe in all our intei-prises then

we looked

for,
:

as the trew

Narratioun of this Secound Book shall witness

The Preface

whareof

followis.

PEEFATIO.
Least that Sathan by our long silence
blaspheym, and
to
shall tak occasioun to

sklander us the

Protestantis or

the

Realme of Scotland,
'

as that our fact tcndit rather to scdi-

lu MS. G, " px'ofessed

line,

;"

and

in the
tlie

second next

"profess;" but

words are corrected to "possessed," and "possess," in edit. 1732.

298
tioun

THE HISTORY OF
and
rebellioun,
;

Book

II.

then to reformatioun of manors and

liave tliocht exj^edientj so trewlie
tlie

abuses in Religioun
brievlie as
us, (us,

we

and

we

can, to

committ to writting
tlie

causes moving

we

say,

ane great parte of

Nobilitie

and Baronis

of the Realme,) to tak the sweard of just defence against

those that most injustly seak our destructioun.

And
;

in this
to

our Confessioun

we

shall faithfullie declair,

what moved us

putt our handis to the Reformatioun of Religioun

how we

have proceaded in the same

presentlie

what we have asked, and what

;

we requyre
all

of the sacrat authoritie

to the end,

that our caus being knawen, alsweall our ennemeis as our

brethren in

Realmes may understand how

falslie

accused of tumult and rebellioun, and

how
:

unjustlie

we we

ar
ar

persecuted by France and by thare factioun

brethren, naturall Scottismen, of
be,

as also, that our so evir thei

what religioun
selfis,

may have

occasioun to examinat tliame

yf thei

may
no-

with salf conscience oppone themselfes to

us,

who seak

thing bot Christ Jesus his glorious Evangell to be preached,

his holy Sacramentis to be trewlie ministrat,

superstitioun,
;

tyrannye, and idolatrie to be suppressed in this Realme

finallie,

and,

the libertie of this our native countrie to remane free

from the bondage and tyranny of strangeris.

Whill how that

his

that the Quein

Regent

practised with the Prelattis,

Christ Jesus his blessed Evangell

mycht

utterlie

be

suppressed within Scotland,

God

so blessed the laubouris of

weak servandis, that na small parte of the Baronis of this Realme begane to abhorre the tyranny of the Bischoppes God did so oppin thare eyis by the light of his woord, that thei
:

could clearelie decerne betuix idolatrie and the trew honoring of God.

Yea,

men

almost universallie begane to dowbt

Avhetther that thei myght,

(God nott offended,) give thare

1558.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

299

bodelye presence to the Messe, or yitt offer thare cliildrein

to

the Papisticall Baptisme.

To the which dowbtes, when

dowbte^'^

the most godlie and the most learned In Europe had answered,

both by word and

writt, affirmyng, "

That neather of both we

mycht
gan
tioun,
selfis

do, without the

extreame
; '

perrell of our sauUes,"

we

be6ECOUND.

to be

more trubled

for

then also be2:an O

men

of estima- ^he

and that bare

rewill

amanges

us, to

examinat thame

concernyng thare dewities, alsweall towardis Reforma-

tioun of Religioun, as towardis the just defence of thare bre-

thren most cmelly persecuted.

tionis to

And

so

begane diverse Ques-

be moved,

to Avitt, "

Yf

that with salf conscience such

of the people,
idolatrie,

as Avar Judgeis, Lordis,

and rewlaris

mycht

serve

the uppare poAvers in

maynteanyng

in persecuting
troAv^th

thare brethrein, and in suj)pressing Christes

" Wliitther thei, to AAdiome

Or,

God

in

some

caisses

had committed

the SAveard of justice, mycht suffer the bloode of thare brethrein to be sched in thare presence, Avithout any declaratioun

that such tyrannye displeased

tures
it

thame
is

V By
1.

the plane Scripscripturi3

'-"<

Avas
'

found, " That a lyvelie faith requyred a plane

confessioun, Avlien Christes troAvth

oppugned O 1
evill,

; '

that not only ^

evill."

DOWBTIS.

ar thei gyltie that do

evill,

bot also thei that assent to

And

plane

it is,

that thei assent to

Avho seing iniquitie

justifie

openly committed, by thare silence seame to

whatsoever
is

and

alloAv

done.
sufficientlie

These thingis being resolved, and

evident Scriptures of God,

provin by

we began
:

everie

man
is

to look

more

diligentlie to his salvatioun

for the idolatrie

and tyranny of
so manifest,

the clargie, (called the Churchmen,) Avas and

that whosoever doth deny
it,

declair

him

self ignorant of

God,

and cnnemy

to Christ Jesus.

We

thairfore, Avitli

humbill consujiplicatioun

fessioun of our fonnar offenses, Avith fasting

and
in

unto God, begane to seak some remeady

danger.

sa j^rcsent a
in

And

first,

it

was

concluded, "

That the Brethren

everie tounc at

ccrtane tymes should assemble togidder, to

300

THE HISTORY OF
Prayeris, to Exercise

Book

II.

Commoun
till

and Reading of the

Scripturis,

it

should i^lease

God
and

to give the

sermone of Exhortatioun
so bless, that within

to some, for conforte

instriictioun of the rest."

And

this our

weak begynnyng God did

few monethis the hartes of

sought to

many war

so strenthned, that
us,

we
for

have the face of a Church amanges

and open

crymes to be punished without respect of persone.

that purpose, by
to

And

commoun

electioun,

war

eldaris appointed,
:

THIS

WAS

whome the hole brethren promissed obedience for at that tyme we had na publict ministeris of the worde onlie did whome war the Lard of Dun, zelous men, (amon^es ceiiane ^^ ^ V &
;
J

ptEVY^K^"^
^^^^'

David

Forress,

Maister

Robert

Lokharte,

Maister

Robert

brethrein, according to the giftes

Hammylton, Williame Harlay,i and otheris,^) exhorte thare and graces granted unto
Bot schort after did God
fall^

thame.

stirre

up

his servand, Paule

Methven,3 (his latter

aught not to deface the work of

God

in

him,)

who
and

in

boldnes of spreit begane opinlie to

preache Christ Jesus, in Dundie, in diverse partes of Anguss,

and in Fyffe

so

did

God work with him,

idolatrie,

that

many

began opinly to abrenunce thare aid

and

to submitt
;

thame

selfis

to Christ Jesus,

and unto

his blessed ordinances

insomuch that the toune of

opcnlie preached,

Dundee began

to erect the face of

a publict churche Reformed, in the which the "Worde was

and

Christis Sacramentes trewlie ministrat.

In this meantyme did God send to us our deare brother,

1

In Vautr.

edit,

and MS. G, " Har-

gent,

and the Congregation, without

lawe."
the Reformation,

success.
'>

These early and zealous ft-ieuds of who undertook the oflSce of Exhorters, were all laymen, with perhaps tlie exception of Robert Hamilton, who afterwards became miRobert Locknister of St. Andrews. hart is mentioned by Knox in October 1559, as endeavouring to make
"

In MS. G, " Meffen."

Paul JMethven,

after the

Reforma-

was appointed minister of Jedburgh but to the scandal of his brethi-en in the ministry, and accortling to
tion,
;

the account of " this horrible fact," related

an agreement between the Queen Re-

by Knox in his Fourth Book, he was found guilty of adultery, and deposed and excommunicated, June 1568.

1558.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

301
after

Johne Willock,! ane man godly, learned, and grave, who,

his schorte abode at Dundie, repared to Edinburgh,

and thare
to

(notwithstanding his long and dangerous seiknes) did so encorage the brethren by godly exhortationis, that
deliberat

we began

upoun some

publict Reformatioun

for the coiTup-

tioun in religioun was such, that with salf conscience

na langar susteane

it.

Yitt becaus

we could we wold attempt nothing

without the knowledge of the sacrate authoritie,^ with one

consent, after the deliberatioun of
cluded, that

many

dayes,

it

was con-

by our

publict

and commoun Supplicatioun, we

should attempt the favouris, supporte, and assistance of the

Quein then Regent, to a godly Reformatioun.

purpoise, after
followeth,
'

And

for that

we had drawin our

1-

oraisoun and pctitionis, as

the laed
OF CALDAR eluak.

us a man whose age we appointed from amanges O

i-

and yearis deserved reverence, whose honestie and wirschip mycht have craved audience of ony magistrate on earth, and whose faithfuU service to the authoritie at all tymes had bein

him culd fall no suspitioun of unlawfull disobeThis Oratour was that auncient and honorable father, dience. Schir James Sandelandes of Calder, knycht,^ to whome we
suclie, that in
^

Respecting Willock, see notes to

John, commonly called Lord

pages 244, 256. 2 " Sacrate authoritie," here, and in

other places,

who made
ment.

tliis

St. John, appearance in Parlia-

(History,

vol.

vi.

pp. 79, 90.)

like

may mean

the constituted

But Dr. M'Crie has in

manner

rather than " sacred authority," as in

MS.
^

G,
Sir

and Vautr. edit. James Sandilands of Calder,

confounded the father with liis second Sir son. (Life of Knox, vol. i. p. 176.)

James probably survived

ginning of 1560.
styled

till

the be-

the ancestor of the Torpliichen family.

On

the

12th July

His pedigree is fully detailed in Douglas and Wood's Peerage of Scotland, vol. ii. pp. 590-595. He was born about the

1559, his eldest son and successor was " John Sandilands of Calder,
tliat liis

younger," which proves

father

and had a charter of lands to himself and Margaret Forrestei-, only daughter of Archibald Forrester of CorIn the storphine, 23d August 1510. Peerage, Sir James is said to have " died
year 1480
;

was

still

alive.

second son,

James Sandilands, his became Lord St. John, and,

2,

as stated in note

page 249, he ob-

taincd the temporal lordship of Lord Torphichcn, in 1563; but leaving no

issue, the title,

after 1553."

This date

may have
it

mis-

led Mr. Tytler, in stating that

was

the Preceptor of the Knights of St.

on his death, devolved on his grand-nephew, James Sandilands of Calder, 29th November 1596.

302

THE HISTORY OP
all

Book

II.

geve commissioun and power in

befoir tlie

our names then present,

:

Quein Regent

tlius to

speak

The First Oratioun, and Petitioun,

of the Protestantes of

Scotland to the Quein Regent.

Albeit we have of long tyme conteyned our

selfis

in that

modestie, (Maist Nohle Princess,) that neyther the exile of

body, tynsall of goodis, nor perishing of this mortall

lyif,

wes

able to convein us to ask at your Grace reformatioun and

redress of those wrangis,

and of that sore

greaff,

patientlie
;

borne of us in bodyes and myndes of so long tyme

yitt ar

we now,
compelled

of verray conscience and

t"*

crave at your Grace's

feit,

by the fear of our God, remeady against the

most injust tyranny used against your Grace's most obedient

coNTRovER-

SYE IN
BELiGioTjN.

subjectes, by those that be called the Estate Ecclesiasticall. Your Graco can not be ignorant what controversie hath bein,
Q^^^ yi^
{q^

concernyng the trew religioun, and rycht wirschip-

ping of God, and

usurjje to

how

the Cleargye (as thei wilbe tenned)

thame

selfes

suche empyre above the consciences of

men, that whatsoever thei command must be obeyed, and

whatsoever thei forbid must be avoided, without farder respect
THE TYRANNYE OF THE
cLEARGiE.
till
_

had

to Godis plesour,
liis

commandiment, or
7
;

will, reveilled
,/

US ui

uiost liolv
t^

wordo

or ellis thare abydeth no-

thing for us but faggot,

fyi'e,

and sweard

by the which many

injustlie,
:

of our brethrene, most cruellie

strickin

and most

have bein

of laitt

yearis within this realme

;

which now we
for

fynd to truble and wound our consciences

ledge
it

we acknow-

to

have bein our bound dewities befoir God, eyther

from those cniell murtheraris,

to haif defended our brethren

(seing

we

ar a parte of that power which

God hath

establessed

in this realme,) or ellis to haif gevin open testificatioun of

our faith with thame, which

least that

by our continewall
;

silence

now we offer our selfis to do, we shall seame to justifie

us,

thare cruell tyranny

which doeth not onlie displease

but

1558.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

303

your Grace's wisdome most prudentlie doetli

foirsee, that for

the quieting- of this intestine dissentioun, a publict Reformatioun, alsweall in the religioun as in the temporall govenie-

ment, war most necessarie

and

to the performance thairof,

most gravelie and most godlie,

(as

we

ar informed,) ye have

exhorted alsweall the Cleargy as the Nobilitie, to employ thare

study, diligence,

and

care.

We

tharefoir of conscience dar

na

langar dissemble in so weighty a mater, which concerneth the

glorie of

God and our

salvatioun

Neather now dar we with-

draw our presence, nor

to Keformatioun,

conceill our petitionis, least that the

adversaries hearefter shall object to us, that place was granted

and

yit

no

man

suited for the

same

and

so shall our silence be j)rejudiciall unto us in t^mie to come.

And

tharefoir we,

knowing no other order pL eed

in this

realme, but your Grace, in your grave Counsall, sett to amend,

alsweall the disordour Ecclesiasticall, as the defaultes in the

Temporall regiment, most humblie prostrat our

selfes befoir

your

featt,

asking your justice, and your gratious help, against

falslie traduce and accuse us, as that we war and schismatikis, under that culour seiking our
;

thame that
heretickis

destmctioun

for that

we seak the amendment

we

of thare cor-

xfj'u^''^'

rupted lyefSs, and Christes religioun to be restored to the

originall puritie.

Farther,

crave of your Grace, with opin

;

and

jjatent earis, to heare these our subsequent Requestis

and

to the joy

and

satisfactioun of our trubled consciences,

mercifullie to grant the same, onless

by Goddis plane worde

any be able

to prove that justlie tliei

awght to be denyed.

The First
First,

Petitioun.

Humblie we

ask, that as

we

half, of

the Lawes of this

realme, after long debaite, obteancd to rcadc the Holy bookes of the Old and New Testamentcs in our commoun toung,i as

tures "in our

This permission to read the Scripcommon tongue," refers

to the

1542-3

Act of Parliaincut 15th March see page 100.

304
spirituall foode to

THE HISTORY OF
our
soiillis,

Book
it

II.

so

from hensfurtli

may be
tliat

lauclifuU tliat

we may

convene, publictlie or privatlie, to our

Commoun Prayeris, in our we may encrease and grow

in fervent and
oft

vulgar toung

to the

end

in knowledge,

and be induceid,
to

prayer,! to

commend

God
hir

tbe holye

Church

universall,

the

Quein our Soverane,

honorable

and gratiouse Husband, the

Realme.

habilitie^ of thare successioun,

your Grace Regent, the Nobilitie, and hole Estait of this

Yf it shall happin in oure saidis conventionis of Scripture to be redd, of the which no profplace hard any feit aiysith to the convenaris, that it shalbe lauchfuU to any
Secundly,
qualifiit

personis in knowledge, being present, to intei^preit

saidis

and open up the

libertie should

hard places, to Goddis glorie and to

the proffeit of the

auditour.

And

yf any think that this

be occasioun of confusioun, debait, or heresie

it

we

ar content that

be providit, that the said interpreta-

tioun shall underly the judgement of the most godly and most

learned within the realme at this tyme.

That the holy Sacrament of Baptisme may be used in the vulgare toung that the godfatheris and witnesses may nott onlie understand the poyntes of the league and conThridly,
;

tract

maid betuix God and the infant, hot also that the Churche then assembled, more gravelie may be infoimed and instructed of thare dewiteis, whiclie at all tymes tliei owe to God, according to that promcise maid unto him, when thei
war receaved in
resreneratioun,

his houshold

by the lavachre^

of spirituall

Ferdlie,

We

desyre, that the holy

Sacrament of the Lordis

Suppare, or of his most blessed body and bloode,

may
;

lykin

wyise be ministred unto us in the vulgare toung

and

In Vautr. edit. " in severitie of

;"

MS.
In

G has

" stabilitie

;"

Vautr.

edit,

prayer
oft

MS.

has " in fervent and

" abilitie."
^

prayers."

MS. G, " lavacrie."

1558.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

to

305
of our

boy til kyndis,! according

Saviour Christ Jesus,

the piano

institutioun

And
derous,

last,

Wo

most humblie requyre, that the wicked, sklanlyiif of Prelates,

and detestable

and of the State Eccle-

siasticall,

may be

so reformed, that the people

nott oceasioun (as of

many

dayis thei

by thame have have had) to contempnc

thei

thare ministerie,
messing-eris.2

and the preaching wliarof

shuld be

And

yf thei suspect, that we, rather im^ang

thare honouris, or coveting thare riches and possessionis, then

zelouslie desyring thare

and labour

for this

Refonuatioun

amendment and salvatioun, do travell we ar content not onlie

;

the offfr.

that the rewllis and preceptis of the

New

Testament, bot also

the writtinges of the ancient Fatheris, and the godly approved

lawis of Justiniane the Empcrour, decyd the contraversie be-

tuix us and

thame

And

if it

salbe found, that eyther male-

volentlie or ignorantlie

wo ask more then

refiiise

these three foir-

named have

requyred, and continewlie do requyi-e of able and not correctioun,

trew ministeris in Christes Church, we

as your Grace, with right judgement,

shall

think meit.

Bot

and yf

all

the foirnamed shall

dampne

that wliiche

we dampne,
earnestlie

and approve that whiche we requyre, then we most

which thei have had
to live as thei
list,

beseik your Grace, that notwithstanding the long consuetude

that thei be compelled

eyther to desist from ecclesiastical administratioun, or to dis1 The Council of Constance, in 1415, whilst acknowledging that " Christ in-

As both George

AVishart and
the

previously dispensed
this

Knox had Sacrament

stituted the venerable

Sacrament of the
under the

according to the original institution,

Eucharist, after the Supper, and ad-

ministered

it

to his Disciples

may have led to this demand for such a privilege to the Protestants in
Scotland, in 1558.
^

forms of bread and wine;" nevertheless decreed that the laity should not be
allowed to partake of the cup.
prolubition by the

It

is

not unlikely that this last

This

demand, and the increasing strength

of the

Romish Church, was

Reformers,

may

have led

tlio

the occasion of great discontent in some

of the foreign Churches,
in Boliemia

Catholic Prelates and Clergy to enact

more especially and Switzerland, from tlie time of John Huss to that of Lutlier.
VOL.
I.

some of the Canons

of their

in their last Protlie lives

vincial Council, for reforming

own body.

306

THE HISTORY OF
;

Book

II.

charge thare dewities as becumetli trew ministeris

So

tliat

the grave and godlie face of the primitive Churche reduced,

ignorance

may

be expelled, trew doctrine and good maneris

may

ones agane appeare in the

Churche of

this

Realme.

These thingis we, as most obedient subjectis, requyre of your

Grace, in the
Christ Jesus
;

name

of the Etemall Grod,

and of

his Sone,

in presence of

whose throne

judiciall,

ye and

all

other that hear in earth bear authoritie, shall geve accomptes

of your temporall regiment.

The

Spreit of the Lord Jesus

move your

Grace's harte to justice and equitie.

Amen.

These oure Petitionis being proponed, the Estate Ecclesiasticall

THE PEACTisK or SA THANE.

deface the equitie of our cans.

began to storme, and to devise all manor of leys to Thei bragged as that thei
the formare, that the
all

wald have publict disputatioun, which also we most earnestlie

requyred, two thingis being provided
;

plane and writtin Scriptures of

DISPUTA-

God

shuld decyde

contra-

TIOUS

versie

Secoundlie, That our brethrene, of

whom some war then

free accesse

WITH CONDITIONIfci.

exiled,

and by them

injustlie

dampned, myght have

salf

to the said disputatioun,

and

conduct to returne to thair

duelling places, nochtwithstanding any processe whiclie befoir

had bene led aganis thame in materia concernyng religioun. But these being by thame utterlie denyed, (for no judge wold
thei admitt bot
THE OFFER OF THE
PAPISTIS.

laAv,) thei

thame selfis, thare Counsallis, and Cannon and thare factioun began to draw certane Articles

of reconciliation, promissing unto us, yf

we wold admitt

the

Messe, to stand in hir formare reverence and estimatioun,

grant Purgatorie after this

lyiff,

confesse Prayer to Sanctes

to enjoye thare

and

for the dead,

and

suffer

thame

accustomed
unto

renttis, possession,

and honour, that then thei

in

Avoid grant
it

us to pray and baptize in the Aiilgare toung, so that

war

done

secreatlie,

and nott

the open assemblie.

But the

grosness of these Articles wes suche, that with ane voce

refused

we

thame

and constantlie craved

justice of the

Quein

1558.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

307

Regent, and a reasonable answer of our formarc Petitionis.

The Quoin, then Regent, ane woman

fals,

crafty, dissimulate,

and
"^"^

thinking

to

mak

hir proffeit of both parteis, gave to us

selfis

grant

permissioun to use our

providit that

godlye according to our desyres, kegent

hir assistance to

we should
;

not maik publict assembleis in Edin-

burgh nor Leytli

blished

and did promeise

our

Preacheouris, untill some uniforme

ordour myght be esta-

by a Parliament.
that

Cleargy,) she quietlie gave significatioun of hir

To thame, (we meanc to the mynd, proshould serve,

she

missing

how
for

sonc any oportunitie

should so putt ordour in tliare materis, that after thei should

not be trubled
;

some say

thei gave hir a large i)urse,l

40,000

lib.,

Erleshall.3

by the Lard of We, nothing suspecting hir dowblenes nor falssayis the
Clironicle,^ gathered
;

hode, departed, fullelie contented with hir answer

and did

use our
to

selfis so qwietlie,

that for hir plcasour

publictlie
all

we

putt silence

Johne Dowglass, who toune of Leyth for in

;

wold have preached in the

thingis

we soght the contentment

should not be offended

of hir

mynd,

so far furth as

God

against us for obeying hir in thingis unlawfull.

Schortlie after these thingis, that
cruell tyrant

and un-

mercyfuU hypocrite,
*

falselie

called Bischope of Sanctandrois,

Field."

In MS. G, " a lougo piirs."

Vautr.
edit,

In

Douglas's
is

Baronage,

pp.

omits the important

the Chronicle," and powndes gathered by

510-513, there

a genealogy of this

words,

" sayis

family, from \vhicli

we

learn that Sir

reads, " 40,000

the Laird of Earles hanle." In the anonymous " Historie of the Estate of

William was the heir of his father, Sir Alexander Bruce of Earlshall, who had the honour of knighthood conferred on

Scotland," the

sum to be
15,000
i.

paid,

it is

said,

him by James the Fourth.

to

Sh- AVilliam
is

"was
2

within

lib."

(Wodrow
to

succeeded his father in 1504, and

said

Miscellany, vol.

p. 50.)
is

This Chronicle
;

not

known

be

extant

but Robert Lindsay of Pitscottie, in his Chronicles of Scotland compiled about 1575, enumerates, as one of his authors, " Sir William Bruce of Earlesuall, Knight, who hath written
very justly
all

have been knighted by the same Monarch. This is apparently a mistake but his name appears as MUen, in a charter dated 1539. In May 15(33, Sir William
;

Bruce became surety

for

Teling, (Criminal Trials, vol.

Maxwell of i. p. *427 ;)

but how long after this he

survived,
is

may have

the deeds since Floudoun

uncertain.

308
THEAPPEEHENSION OF

THE HISTORY OF
"^

Book

IT.

apprehended that blessed martyre of Christ Jesus Walter -I

Tylle^

MyLisr

;i

man

of decrepite age,

whome most
J^-

cmellie and most

unjustlie

he put to death by fyre in Sanctandrois, the twenty

V- fyfty

aAvcht

day of Aprile, the year of God

:

auglit

yearis

Wliiche thing did so heighlie offend the

liartis of all

godlye, that immediatlie after his death began a

new

fervencie

amongis the hole people

androis,
crueltie
;

yea, evin in the toune of Sanct-

begane the people plainelie to dampne suche injust

and

in testificatioun that thei

wold his death should

abide in recent memorie, thare was castin together a great

heape of stones in the place whare he was brynt.

The

Bischope and Preastis thairat offended, caused ones or twyse

to

remove the same, with denunciatioun of Cursing, yf any

should thare lay ony stone.
;

man

Bott in vane was that

till

wynd

blowen

for still

was the heape maid,

that Preastis and

Papistis did steall

walles,

away by nycht the

stones to big thare

and
to

to uther thare privat uses.^

We
TiiE

suspecting nothing that the Quein Regent wes con-

senting
HYPO-

the foirnamed murther, most humilie did com-

playne of suche injust crueltie, requiring that justice in suche

cases should be ministrate with greattare indifference.
as a
to

THE QUEIN
REGENT.

Sche,
'

woman

borne to dissemble and deceave, began with us

self as

lament the cmeltie of the Bischope, excusing hir

iPitscottie, Calderwood, SpottiswoocI,

and other

writers, have given

an ac-

coimt of the fate of this aged priest,

^ Although this cairn was not allowed to remain, there has lately been erected, within sight of the Castle of

who
age.

suffered

martyi'dom at

St.

Anliis

drews, in the eighty-second year of

St. Andrews, a granite obelisk, to commemorate the names of the more emi-

But Foxe's account of his trial and sentence is the earliest and most minute, and will be inserted as No. XIV. of the Appendix to the present
volume.
hope,

nent Scotish Martyrs.

following inscription
:

It

bears the

Myln himself expressed a

realized,

which was
last

that

he
of

would be the
truth.

person iu this counfor

-ij, memokt of the Martyrs Patrick Hamilton, Henry Forrest, George Wish^^'^' Walter Mill, who, in support op the Protestant Faith, suffered by fire at St. Andrews, between the years mdxxviii and

mdltiii.
j,,^.

try thus to suffer

the cause

,.,.^;^,,^^^

^;,

j,^

^^^ .^ everlastina

remembrance."

15u8.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

thcat

309

innocent in

caus

for tliat the sentence

was gevin withupon him

officio,

out hir knowledge, becaus the

man sometymes had bene ane

civile authoritie

Preast

tharefoir the Bischop's Officiarel did proceid

without any commissioun of the

as thei terme
it.

Ex

We

yit

nothing suspectand hir falsheid, requyred some

sclic

ordour to be tackin against such enormities, whiche

promissed as

oft befoir.

Bot becaus schorte after

effares

tliare

wes a

Parliament to be haldin, for certane

pertenyng rather

to the Quenis profFeit particulare, nor to the

commoditie of

the

commoun

wealth,

we thocht good

to

expone our mater

the Quein and

unto the hole Parliament, and by tliame to seak some redress.

We

tharefoire, with
2

one consent, did

:

offer to

Parliament

a Lcttir in this tennour

The Forme of the Lettir gevin

''

in Parliament.

Unto youre

Grace, and unto yow, Rycht Honorable Lordis

of this present Parliament, humlie

Grace's faithfull and obedient Subjectis

dalie molested, sklandered,

meanes and schawes your That quliare Ave ar

:

and injured be wicked and igno-

rant personis, place-haldaris of the ministers of the Churche,

who most

untrewlio cease nott to infame us as Heretickis,

thei

and under that name

of our brethrein
;

most

cruellie haif persecuted diverse

and farder intend

to execute tharo malice

against us, onles be some godlie ordour tliare fury and raige

be brydilled and stayed

and

yitt in us thei ar able to prove

no cryme worthy of punishment, onless that to read the Holie

Scriptures in our assembleis, to invocat the

name

of

God

in

publict prayeris, with all sobrietie to interprete

and open the

places of Scripture that be redd, to the farther edificatioun of

the brethrein assembled, and trewlie according to Christ Jesus

his holy institutioun to minister the Sacramcntes, be

ciymes

'

III

Vautr.

cflit.

" Oiliciall."

Sec note to page 314.

310

THE HISTORY OP

Book

IT.

worthy of punisliment.
not
abill to convict.

Otlier crymes, (we say,) in us tliei ar

to the premisses ar

And

we compelled

for that the saidis place-haldaris discharge no parte of thare

deiiiteis rychtlie till us,

nether yitt to the people subject to

us

and

thairfoir, onless

we should
that

declair our selfis altogether

unmyndfull of our awin salvatioun, we ar compelled, of verray

conscience, to seak

how

we and our

hrethrein

may
it

be

delivered from the thraldome of Sathan.

PROTESTATIOUN.

For now

hath
that

pleased

God

to

open our eyes, that manifestlie we

see,

without extreame danger of our so wiles,

we may

in no wyise

communicat with the damnable idolatrie, and intolerable abuses of the Papisticall Churche and thairfoir most humblie
;

requyi'e

we

of your Grace, and of yow Ryclit Honorable

Lordis,

Baronis,

and Burgesses

assembled in this present

it

Parliament, prudentlie to wey, and as

to grant these our maist just

becuml

just judges,

and reasonable

Petitionis.

" First, Seing that the contraversie in religioun,

which long
not yitt

hath continewed betuix the Protestants of Almany, Helvetia,

and

otlier provinces,

and the

Papisticall Churche,
;

is

decyded by a lauchfuU and Generall Counsall

and seing that

our consciences ar lyikwyes towcheit with the fear of God, as

was thares

in the

begynnyng
all suclie

of thare contraversie,

we most

humlie desyre, that

Actes of Parliament, as in the

tyme

of darknes gave power to the Churche

men
to

to execute

thare tyranny aganis us, be reasoun that

we

thame wer
till

delated as Heretiques,

may

be suspended and abrogated,

a Generall Counsall lawfullie assembled have

traverseis in religioun.
"

decyded

all

con-

And
it

least that this

mutatioun
list.

sliuld

seame to

sett all

men

at libertie to lyve as

thame

We

Secundarelie requyre,

That
lattis

be enacted by this present Parliament, that the Prethai'e

and
'

Officiaris^ be i-emoved

from place of judge-

In A'autr. edit. " brcomnirtb."'

In Vautr. edit. " oflicerp."

1558.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND,

;

311

ment

onlie granting unto thame, nocht the less, the place

of accusatouris in the presence of a temporall judge, befoir

whom the Churche men accusatouris salbe bundin to call any by thame accused of heresye, to whome also thci salbe bundin to deliver ane authentik copy of all depositionis, accusationis,

and process led against the persone accused

the

judge lykewyis delivering the same to the partie accused, assignyng unto him a competent terme to answer to the same,
after

he hath takin

sufficient

cautioun de judicio
all

sisti.

" Thridly,

We

requyre, that
;

lawfuU defences be granted

to the personis accused

as yf he be able to prove, that the

witnesses be personis unable by law to testifie aganis thame,

that then thare accusationis and depositionis be null accord-

ing to justice.
" Item,

That place be granted

to the partie accused, to ex;

plane and interjDrite his awin

confessioun

mynd and meanyng

any

which

we requyre be

inserted in publict Actes,

and be
nane

preferred to the depositionis of

witnesses, seing that

owght to

suffer for religioun, that is not

found obstinat in his

damnable opinioun.
" Last, "We requyi-e, that our brethrene be not

dampned

for

Hereticques, onles, by the manifest word of God, thei be convicted to have erred from that faith whiche the

Holy Spreit
so thei be,
justice,

witnesseth to be necessarie to salvatioun

and yf

we

refuise nott bot that thei

be punished according to

by holsome admonitioun mynd.

onles
"

thei can be reduced to a better

These thingis requyre we to be considered of yow, who

is

occupy the place of the Eternall God, (who

God

of ordour
tlie

and
ablio

trewtli,)

evin in suclie sorte as ye will answer in

:

presence of his throne judiciall

Requyring

farder, that favor-

ye

Avill

have respect to the tcnderncs of our consciences,

and

to the truble

which appearoth

to follow in this

commoun

wealth, yf the tyranny of the Prclattis, and of thare adhe-

312
rentis,

THE HISTORY OF
be nott brydilled by God and just lawis.

Book

II.

God move
and our

your liartes deeplie to considder your awin dewiteis

present trubles."

These our Petitionis did we

first

present to the Quein

Regent, becaus that "we war determined to interprise nothing without hir knowledge, most humlie requyi-ing hir favorable
assistance in our just actioun.
lookis,

Sclie

spared nott amyable

;

and good Avordes in aboundance

Bill

bot alwayis sche

requyi'ed

keaped our
to the

close

in

hir pocket.

When we
"

secreatlie of hir Grace, that our Petitionis should be

proponed

hole Assemblie, sche

;

ansured,

That sche thought

nott that expedient

for

then wold the hole Ecclesiasticall

Estate be contrarie to hir proceadingis, which at that tyme

war great

;" for

the Matrimoniall Croune was asked, and in

" Bot, (said sche,)

that Parliament granted.^

how

sone ordour

can be tacken with these thingis, which now

by the Kirk men, ye shall know my goode meantyme, whatsoevir I may grant unto yow,
granted."

may mynd

be hyndered
;

and, in the

shall glaidlie

be

We
and

yitt

nothing suspecting hir falshode, Avas content to

;

geve place for a tyme to hir pleasonr, and pretended reasoun

yitt thocht

we

exjsedient

somewhat
;

to protest befoir the

dissolutioun of the Parliament

festlie

for

our Petitionis war mani-

knowen

to the hole Assemblie, as also how, for the

Quenis

j^leasour,

we

ceassed to persew the uttermost.

Our

Protestatioun was formed in

maner

following

Forme of the Protestatioun maid

"It
is

in Parliament.

not unknawin to this honorable Parliament, what

is

contraversie

now

laitlie rissin

betuix those that wilbe called

the Prelattis and rewlarris of the Church, and a great

num-

ber of

us,

the Nobilitio and commonaltie of this Realme, for

'

8ee page 291.

1558.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

313

the trew wirschipijing of God, for the dewitie of Ministeris, for the lycht administratioun of Christ Jesus holie Sacramentis

how

that

we have complained hy our

publict supplicationis to

the Queue Regent, that

our consciences ar burdened with

unprofitable ceremonies, and are compelled to adhcar to idolatrie

;

that such as tack upoun

thame the

office Ecclesiasticall,

discharge no parte thareof, as becumith trew ministeris to

do

and

finallie,

that

we and our

brethrein ar most unjustlie

oppressed by thare usui-ped authoritie.

it is

And

also

we suppose
at this
;

a thing sufficientlie knowin, that

we wer

of

mynd

present Parliament to seik redress of suche enormiteis

considering that the trubles of the

bot,

tyme do nott

suffer suche

Reformatioun as we, by Goddis plane word, do requyre, we ar

enforced to delay that Avhich most Ccirnestlie
yitt, least

we

desyre

and

that our silence should geve occasioun to our adver-

saries to think, that

we

repent our formare interprise,

we can

not cease to protest for remedy against that most unjust

t}Tanny, which
"

we

heirtofoir

most patientlie have susteaned.

And,

First,

We

protest, that seing

we can not obtene ane

it

just Reformatioun, according to Goddis worde, that

be

laucli-

fidl to us to use oure selfis in matcris of religioun

and conas our

science, as

we must ansuer unto God, unto suche tyme

thame
selfis

adversaries be able to prove

the trew ministers

of suche crymes
selfis to

of Christes Churche,
as

and

to purge

thame

selfis

we have

already layed to thare charge, olFering our

prove the same whensoever the Sacrat Authoritie please to

geve us audience.
" Secundlie,

We

protest, that nether Ave, nor yit

any other
is

that godlie

list

to joyne with us in the trew faith, whiclie

shall incure

grounded upoun the invincible worde of God,

danger in
lyifl'

any

or landis, or other politicall paines, for nott

observing suche Actes as heirtofoir have passed in favouris of

our adA'ersaries, neyther yit for violating of suche rytcs as

man

without God's commandiment or worde hath commanded.

314
"

THE HISTORY OP
We, Thridlj,
protest, that

Book

II.

yf any tumult or uproare shall

this realme for the diversitie

aryise

amanges the membres of

of religioun,

and yf

it

shall chance that abuses be violentlie

reformed, that the cryme thairof be not impute to us,

who

most humlie do now seak

LETT THE
PAPISTIS

all

thinges to be reformed by ane

.

OBSERVE,

Bot rather whatsoever inconvenient shall happin to follow for lack of ordour tacken, that may be miputed to those
ordour
:

that do refuise the same.

"

And

last,

We

protest, that these our requeastis, proceading

from conscience, do tend to none other end, bot to the Refor-

matioun of abuses in Religioun onlie

jectis, in

Most humilie beseiking

the Sacred Authoritie to tak us, faithful! and obedient subprotectioun against our adversaries
;

and

to

schaw
it

unto us suche indiiferencie in our most just Petitionis, as

becumeth God's Lievetenentis

do
call

to do to those that in his

cruell

name

for defence

against

oppressouris

and bloode

thrustie tyrantes."!

These our Protestationis publictlie redd, we desyred thame

to have bene inserted in the

commoun

Register

bot that by

laubouris of ennemies was denyed unto us.

Nochttheles, the
is

Quein Regent

said,

"

Me

will

remember what

protested

and

me

shall putt

good ordour

after this to all thingis that

now be

in contraversie."

And

thus, after that sche be craft

had obteaned hir

purpoise,

we departed

in

good esperance of

was so weall The opinioun goode that we had enclyned towardes godlynes. of hir synceritie, caused us not onlie to spend our goodis and
hir favouris, praysing
in our hartes that sche

God

hasarde our bodyes at hir pleasour, bot

1

also,

by our
;

publict
but the

No

notice of this Protest occurs in

indeed says

it

was refused

the Acts and Proceedings of the Par-

liament

lield at

Edinburgh on the 29th

proceedings of that Parliament, which also sat on the 5th December, seem not
to

November
312,
it

1658, when, from the refer-

have been fully recorded, or at least

ence to the Crown Matrimonial, at page

preserved.

must have been presented.

Knox

1559.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.
servand of
liir

315
i-etteri.s

letters wiittin to that excellent

God Johne Calknowledge

VINE,

we

did prayse and

commend

for excellent

TO JUIINB calvin.

in Groddis
his glorie
;

worde and good

will towarttis tlie

advancement of

requyring of him, that by his grave counsall and

godlie exhortatioun he wald animat hir Grace constantlie to

follow that
chari)lie

which godlie sche had begune.

We

did farther
all

rebuike, boith

by word and

writting,

suche as

appeired to suspect in hir any vennoum of hypochrisie, or that

war contrare
godlie mynd.

to that opinioun

Bott

how

far

which we had conceaved of hir we war deceaved in our opinioun,

:

and abused by hir

that
all

craft,

did suddandlie appeare

for

how

sone

thingis perteanyng to the commoditie of France Avar

us,

granted by
Philip
furth,

and that peace was contracted betuix Kingus,l sche

and France, and England and and

disclose the latent

began to spew

Then began sche to as sche knew did favour the Evangell of Jesus Christ. Sche commanded her houshold to use all abhominationis at Pasche and sche hir self, to geve exampill to utheris, did communicat
;

vennome of hir dowble harte. frowne, and to look frowardlie to all suche

with that idole in open audience

hold,

Sche comptrolled hir hous-

and wold know whare that everie ane receaved thare

Sacrament.

And

it is

supjDosed, that after that

day the Devill

took more violent and strong posscssioun in hir 2 then he had

befoir
;

for,

from that day fordwarte, sche appeared altogether

altered,
clair

insomuche that hir countenances and factes did deFor incontinent sche caused
;3

the vennome of hir harte.

our preachearis to be
1

summoned
to

for

whome, when we maid

The treaty of peace referred

was

concluded at Catcau-Caiiibr(;sis, between France, England, and Spaui, on the 2d

April 1559. The evident design of the Courts of France and Spain at this time was to endeavour the extirpation
of heresy, or the Protestant Faith in

has already been noticed that summoned were Paul JNIethven, John Christison, William Harlaw, and John Willock. As they did
^

It

the preachers

not appear on the day finally fixed,

they
1650.

and

tlieir

cautioners were dc-

noiinced as rebels, on the 10th of

Life of

May

England, as well as in other

"

counti-ies.

Sec the sentence, in M'Cric's

In MS.

(r,

" in hir hairt.'

Knox,

vol.

i.

p.

447.

316
intercessioun,

THE HISTORY OP
beseiching
liir

Book

II.

Grace not to molest tliame in

to convict

tliare ministerie, onles

fals doctrin, scire scHE HAD pliemy, / ' GOTTIN IIIR X

any man war able

liir

thame

of

could not brjddill

" sclie said, '

toung from open blas./

but proudlie

In dispite of vow and of J your

i.

FROM THE
cARDiNALL.

luinisteris boitli, tliei slialbe banisslied

owt of Scotland,

albeit

j^^^ preaclicd als trewlie as evir did Sanct Paule."

Which and yit ceassed we not moist humilie to seak hir favouris, and by great diligence at last obteaned, that the summoundis at For to hir wer send Alexander Erie that tyme war delayed. of Glencarne, and Sir Hew Campbell of Loudoun knyclit,
proud and blasphemous ansuer did greatlie astoniss us
;

Schiref of Air, to reassoun with

hir,

and

to crave

some perwith pro-

formance of hir manifold promisses.

2!I^!?L, REGENTIS

To whome sche ansured,

tliare Princess

" It

became not
Noble

subiectis to
it

burden

ANSUEI

misses, farther then

Boitli tliei

j)leasetli

thame

to

keape the same."

tliare

men

faythfullie

and boldly discharged

dewitie, and plainlie foirwarned hir of the inconvenientis that war to follow wharewyth sche somewhat astonied said, " Sche wald advise.^l
;

In this meantyme did the toune of Perth, called Sanct

SANCT JOHNES TOUN EMERASED THE EVAN
CELL.

Johnestoun, embrase the trewtli, which did provok hir to a

new

fury

in whicli sche willed the

all

Lord Ruthven, Provest of

that toune,^ to suppress

suche religioun thare.

LORD RUTH-

VEN

which,
to
till

when he

ansured, " That he could

HIS

ANsuRE.

come

to hir Grace,

and

to prostrate

To the maik thare bodyes thame selfis befoir her,

:"

that sche war

fullie

satiate of thare bloode, bot to cans

thame do against

tliare conscience,

he could not promeise

Sche in fury did ansure,

"

That he was too malaj)erte to geve

hir suche ansure," affirmyng, " that boyth he

^

and

thei should

In the outer margin,

(fol.

Ill,)

Knox

to tak in heir the

Beggars Warning, or
See

had written some words "vvliich have been scored thi-ough, and are partly cut away As well as I can deby the binder.
cipher the words, the sentence

in

the place befoir appoynted."

2,
;

thus read

" Luik quhether

may

it

be be best

page 290 also pages 320, 321. " Patrick Lord Ruthven held the Provostship of Perth for many successive years see note to page 336.
note
:

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

it."

317

repent

Sche solisted Maister James Ilalybiirtoun, Provcst

of Dundic,^ to apprelicnd Paule Metlivcn,2 wlio, fearing God,

gave seereat advertisement to the

a tyme.

man

to avoid the

toune for

Sclie send furth suche as sche thouglit

most able to

perswade at Pasche, to cans Montrose, Dundie, Sanct Johnestoun,

to

and

otheris suche places as

idole

communicat with the

:

had receaved the Evangell, of the Messe hot thci could

;

profeit nothing

the heartis of

many war

bent to follow the

idolatrie.

trcwth reveilled, and did abhore superstitioun and

Whareat sche more heighlie commovcd, did summound agane all the preachearis to compear at Striveling, the tent day of

God 1559. Wliich understand by us, we, humble obedience, sowght the meanes how sche myght be appeased, and our preachearis not molested hot
Maij, the year of
all

wjih

when we

could nothing prevaill,

it

was concluded by the hole

brethrcin, that the Gentilmen of everie cuntrie should accum-

pany thare Preachouris to the day and place appointed. Wliareto all men war most willing and for that puriiose the toune of Dundy, the gentilmen of Anguss and Mernis, passed
;

^he first
^Jh*^^'",*^^

fordwarte with thare preachearis to Sanct Jolmestoun, without

'^"^^'

armour, as peciable men, mynding onlie to geve confessioun

with thare preachearis.

And

least that

suche a multitude

should have gevin fear to the Quein Regent, the Lard of Dun,

a zelous, prudent, and godly man, passed befoir to the Quoin,

then being in Striveling, to declare to

liir,

that the cans of

thare convocatioun was onlie to geve confessioun with thare Sche preachearis, and to assist thame in thare just defence.

understanding the feiwencie of the people, began to craft with

him, solisting
1

him

to stay the multitude,

and the preachearis

styled Tuter of Pitcur.

James Halybvirton is usually At the siege of Brochty, in 1547-8, he was left in comIVIr.

siderable period, as will afterwards be

noticed.

His name, as Provost, occurs

in Parliamentary jjroccedings, 1554

and

mand

of certain companies of horse.

lie filled the

15G3.
G03.)
"

(Acta Pari.
MS. G, "

Scot. vol.

ii.

pp. 53(i,

(Lesley's Hist. p. 203.)

office of

Provost of Dundee for a con-

In

MefiFen."

318
also,

THE HISTORY OF

Book

II.

with promeise that sche wald tak some hettir ordour.

He, a

man most

gentill of nature,

and most addict

to please

THK LARD hir in all thingis not repugnant to God, wret to those that OF HUN STAYED THE CONGEE then war assembled at Sanct Johnestoun, to stay, and nott to GATIOUN come fordwarte ; schawand what promess and esjDerance he had AND THE
.

PEEACHEa'tus!'""

of the Quenis Grace favouris.

At the reading
deceat,

of his letteris,
to pas

some did smell the

fordwarte, unto the

craft

and

and persuaded

tyme a discharge of the formare sum-

mondis should be had, alledgeing, that otherwyis thare process of horning or rebellioun, should be executed against the

preachearis

and

so should not onlie thei, hot also all suche as

did accumpanye thame, be involved in a lyik cryme.

Otheris

did reassone, that the Queues promeisses was not to be suspected, neyther yitt the Lard of

Dun

his requeast to be con-

tempned
stay.

and

so did the hole multitude with thare preacheris

In this meanetyme that the Preacheouris ware summoned,

to wit, the secound of Maij 1559, arryved

Johne Knox from

France,!

who ludgeing two

nychtis onlie in Edinburgh, hearing

the day appointed to his brethren, repared to Dundee, whare

he earnestlie requyred thame, "That he myght be permitted to

assist his brethrein,

and

to geve confessioun of his faith

with

which granted unto him, [he] dejiarted unto Sanct Johnestoun with thame whare he began to exhorte, according
;

thame

:"

to the grace of

God granted unto him.

The Quein, perceaving

that the preachearis did nott compeir,

malice

began to utter her and notwythstanding any requeist maid in the conand Paiile Meifane,
to

1 At page 291, Knox says that the meeting of Provincial Council in 1558-9, continued till the day of his arrival whilst according to Bishop Lesley, this

compeir before the

Justice in Striveling the x day of Maij,

Provincial Council, held at Edinburgh

in 1559, " endit ajjoun the x daye of

Apryle. Eftcr the qiihilk, the Quene Regent immediatelie caused summounde John Knox, Jolm Willox, John Douglas,

onder the pane of rebellioun." (Hist, 271.) To reconcile this with the date of Knox's arrival in Scotland, Dr. filCrio has remarked, that " though the Acts were concluded on the 10th April,
p.
it

was not

agi'eed to close the Coimcil

on that day."

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

gave commandiment to putt tliame to the
liorno,

319
in-

trarie,

hibiting- all

men under pane

of tliare

rebcllioun to assist,

maynteane tliame in any sortc. Wliiclie extremitie perceaved by tlie said Lard of Dune, lie pmdcntlie withdrew himself, (for othcr^vyes by all appearance he had not
confortc, rcceavc, or

eschaped empresonement

;)

for the Maister of Maxwell,^

ane

man

zelous

and

stout in God's cans, (as then appeired,) under

the cloak of ane utlier small ci*yme, was that same day com-

mitted to warde, becaus he did boldlie affirme, " That to the

uttermost of his power, he wold assist the preachearis and the

congregatioun

notwythstanding any sentence wliiche

injustlie

was, or should be, pronunced against tliame.

The Lard of
caise evin

Dun, cuming to Sanct Johnestoun, expounded the

as
it

was, and did conceill nothing of the Quenis craft and

falshode.

Wliiche understand, the multitud was so enflam-

med, that neyther could the exhortatioun of the preachcare,

nor the commandiment of the magistrat, stay tliame from
distroying of the places of idolatrie.

John Maxwell, second son of Lord Maxwell, beuig presimiptive heir of his brother, was
*

Sii'

Marches.

(Lesley's Hist.
of the

p. 2-58.)

From
it

Robert fourth

the above statement

by Knox,

ap-

pears he had been committed to ward

called Master of Maxwell, in charters

by order

Queen Regent.

Bishop

him and his wife Agnes, eldest daughter and co-heiress of WilUam fourth Lord Herreis of Terregles, His elder bro1st February 1549-50. ther Robert was served heir of his father, 1st August 1550, and married Lady Beatrix Douglas, second daughter of James Earl of Morton but he died 14th September 1552 and his posthumous son John became sixth Lord MaxBut Sir John Maxwell of Terwell.
gi'anted to
; ;

Lesley thus makes mention of bis having escaped from the Castle of Edin-

burgh.

Although the date 1558, ap-

pears in the printed copy as supplied by the Editor, the events recorded from page 273 to page 277, belong to 1559:
"
well,

About this tyme, the Master of Maxquho was kcped presoner in the

Castell of Edinburgh, departed fiirth of

the

thairof,

same be ane corde our the wall quhair thair was certane liorsis
of his

regies

still

retained

liis

designation as

in redincs with fi-endis

owne,

Master, and was actively employed in

public affairs.

In December 1552, and

again in 1557, he was one of the Commissioncrs for a treaty of peace with

quho receaved and convoyide him in and sone thairhis owne countrcy cftir he joyned him selfo with the
;

Loniis of the Congregatione."

p.

(Hist.

England; and was Warden of the West

27G.)

320
THE DOUN
CASTING OF THE
FREIRI3

THE HISTORY OF

Book

II.

SANCT JOHNESTOUN.
I^'

The meaner whairof was this ;! The preacheouris befoir had what declaired, how odiouse was idolatrie in God's presence commandiment he had gevin for the destructioun of the monu;

mentis thairof
in the Messe.

what

It

and what abhominatioun was chanced, that the nixt day, whiche was the
idolatrie

his 1 [In note 1, page 291, it is stated that Knox had changed intention of inserting " The Beggars Summonds," at the end of Book

and purposed introducing it into this place, with a sentence which was written on the top margin of the MS. The Glasgow Manuscript, fol. 83, b, in reference to this alteration, has this marFii'st;

ginal note

" Thair

is

in this place, in the uther copie, inserted the

is

Summoundis
Buke."

against the Freris, quhilk

in the

end of the First

Unfortunately the binder has cut away two lines at the top

of the page, and the deficiency cannot be supplied from any other In order, however, not to interrupt the narrative in the text, copy.
the

Summonds

is

here inserted in a different type.]

" Zealous Brether

upon the gaittis and ports of all the Freiris places within this realmc, in the moneth of Januar 1558, preceding that Whitsunday that they And so tak in heir the Beggars Warning. delodged, which is this, etc.
"

The Blynd, Cruked, Bedrelles, Wedowis, Orphelingis, and all uther pure, sa viseit be the hand of god, as
mat not worke,

To the Flockes

op all Freires within this Eealme, ave wiscHE Restitutiodn of Wranges btpast, and ReformaTIOUN in TTME CUMING, FOR SaLUTATIOUN.
yourselfes ar not ignorant, and thocht ye

"

Ye

wald

be,

it is

now,

thankes to God, knawen to the haill warlde, be his

allanerly
to
cpihilk ye,

infallilile w^orde,

that the benignitie or almes of all Christian pepill perteynis to us

;

being hale of bodye, stark,

stui'dye,

and

abill

wyrk, quhat under pretence of povertie, (and nevirtheles possessing maist easelie all abimdance,) quhat throw cloiket and huided simplicitie, thoght your proudnes is knaAven, and quhat be feynzeit
holines, quhilk

now

is

declared superstitioun and idolatrie,

lies thir

many

yeirs,

exprese against Godis word, and the practeis of his

15.^9.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

321

wer exyled, tliat sermoun whiche was vehement against idolatrie, that a preast in contempt wold go to the Messe and to dedair his
ellevint of Maij, after that the Preachearis

after the

maLapert presumptioun, he wokl opin up ane glorious tahernacle which stoode

upoun the Hie

Altare.

Thare stoode he-

holie Apostles, to our great torment, (allace

fra us.

!)

maist

falslie

stowen

doctryne and wresting of Godis worde, (lerned of your father Sathan,) induced the hale people,
als
fals

And

ye have, be your

hie

and law,
is

in sure hoip

and

beleif, that to cloith, feid,

yow,
to gif

the onlie maist acceptable almouss allowit before

and nurreis God and

;

ane penny, or ane peice of bread anis in the oulk, is aneucli Evin swa ye have perswaded thame to bigge to yow great for us. Hospitalis, and manteyne yow thairin be thair purs, quhilk onlie

perteinis

now

to us

be

all

law, as biggit and dottftt to the pure, of

whois number ye are not, nor can be repute, nether be the law of God, nor yit be na uther law proceiding of nature, reasoun, or civile policie. Quhairfore seing our number is sa greate, sa indigent, and
sa heavilie oppressit be your false meanis, that nane takes care of

cure miserie

and that
to see

it is

better for us to provyde thir our impotent

oppone to yow in plaine conye have done afoir) steill fra us our lodgeings, and our selfis, in the meintyme, to perreis and die for want of the same. have thocht gude thairfoir, or we enter with yow in conflict, to warne yow, in the name of the grit God, be this pvxblick wryting, affixt on your yettis quhair ye now dwell, that ye remove furthe of our said Hospitalis, betuix this and the Feist of
lies

members, quhilk God

than

gevin

us, to

traversie,

yow

hcirefter (as

We

Whitsunday next, sua that we the onelie lawfull proprietaris thairof may enter thairto, and efterward injoye thai commodities of the Kyrk, quhilke ye have heirunto wranguslie halden fra us. Certifying yow, gif ye failye,

we

will at the said terme, in haile

number,

(with the helpe of God, and assistance of his Sanctis in eirthc, of

quhais reddie supporte

we

dout not,) enter and tak possessioun of

our said patrimony, and eject

" Lat him thairfor that

yow

utterlie furthe of the same.

hefoir hes stollen, steill

na mair

but rather lat

him wyrlc
"

wijth his handes, that he

may

be helpefidl to the pure.

Fra the haill

I.

VOL.

Cities, Townis, and Villages of Scotland, THE Ftrst Day of Januare 1.5r)8." X

322
syde, certane godly

THE HISTORY OF
men, and amonges
otlieris

Book

IT.

a young boy,

who cryed with a lowd voce, " This is intollerable, that when God by his Worde hath planelie damned idolatrie, we shall
stand and see
it

used in dispyte/'

The preast

heirat offended,

gave the

cliyld a great

blow

who

in anger took

and easting

at the preast, did hytt the tabernacle

;

up a stone, and brack

doune ane ymage

and immediatlie the hole multitude that and putt handis

to the said tabernacle,
;

war about
and

cast stones,

to all utheris

monumentis of

idolatrie

whiche thei

dis-

patched, befoir the tent

man

in the toune
:)

the moist parte war gone to dennar

war advertist, (for Whiche noysed abroad,

the hole multitude convened, not of the gentilmen, neyther of

thame that war earnest

tude,

professouris, hot of the raschall multito do in that Churche, did

;

who fynding nothing

mn

without deliberatioun to the Gray and Blak Freris

wythstandi'^^- that thei

and nocht-

had within thame verray strong gardis

keapt for
upe.

ti'

Ve defence, yitt

The

fi-st

invasioun was upoun the idolatrie

war thare gates incontinent brust and tliare;

after the

commoun

people began to seak some spoile

and

in

verray deid the Gray Freirisi was a place so weall provided,

that oneles honest

men had

sein the same,

we wold have
Thare

feared to have reported what provisioun thei had.

scheittis, blancattis, beddis,

THAiE PROVISIOUN.

and covertouris wer suche, as no tliair naij^rie was fyne. Erie in Scotland hath the bettir in personis convent, and yitt Thei wer bot awght had viii i O ^ J
:

punscheonis of
the ellevint

salt beaff,

(considder the

tyme
aill,

of the yeare,

day of Maij,) wyne, beare, and

founder

besydis stoare

The Monastery of the Observantine

order of Franciscan or Grey Friars of Perth, is said to have been founded in

the year 1460, by the Lord Oliphant.

was Hieronymus Lyndesay, Doctor of Laws, and brother to the Earl of Crawfiu'd. (See also Hay's Scotia

Sacra,

MS.

p.

6-53.)

It

was

situated

(App. to Keith's Bishops, p. 452.) This was Sir Lawrence Oliphant of Aberdalgy, created Lord

near the walls, on the south side of the

City of Perth

and

after the destruction

Oliphant, before

of the building, the

grovmd was con-

1458.

According

to

Dempster,

the

verted into a public burial place.

15.59.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.
lyik liaboimdance

323

of victuallis eiFeiring- tliareto.

in the Blak Frearis
-}

The

was nott

and

jitt thare

was more then becam men

to the poore
all

professing povertie.

The

spoile

was permitted

for so had the preacheouris befoir threatned

men, that
siiclie

for

covetousnes saik none shuld putt thare hand to

a Refor-

matioun, that no honest

of a groate.

man was enriched thairby the valew Thare conscience so moved thame, that thei sufplaces.

away what thei could, of that The Priour of Charter-howse was permitted to tack away with him evin so muche gold and silver as he was weall able to cary.2 So was menis consciences befoir beattin with the worde, that thei had no respect to
fered those hypocreattis tak

whiche was in thare

thare awin particulare proifeit, bot onlie to abolishe idolatrie,

the places and monumentis thareof:

in

which thei wcr

so

busye, and so laborious, that within two dayis, these three

great places,

monumentis of

idolatrie, to witt,
'

+he Gray and

Blak theves,3 and Charter-housse monkis, (a

walles onlie did

jlding of a

wonderouse coast and greatness,^) was so destrcyed, that the

remane of all these great

edificationis.

^ The Monastery of the Dominican or Black Friars of Perth, was situated near the walls, on the north side of the town, and was founded by Alexander the Second, in the year 1231. Li this build-

some lands belonging to the Monastery. In 1572, George Hay of Nethii-lyfF was created Commendator, and the lands
erected into a lordship
;

but eventually,

ing the Scotish Monarchs usually resided when at Perth and meetings of Parliament were sometimes held within
;

and the and Prior of the CharterHouse of Perth became extinct. ^ In MS. G, " the Blak and Gray

in 1598, he resigned his title,

name

of Lord

the Chui'ch, as well as several of the

Provincial Councils.
It

Frciris ;" Vautr. edit, has " thecves."

*

was here where

Bishop

Lesley,

in describing the

met with his tragical fate, 20th February 14.37-8. * Adam Forman, last Prior of the
First

James the

ruthless

manner

in wliich " the multi-

tude of the people and craftismen" proceeded in demolisliing the altars,

images, &c., in the parish Kii-k of Perth,
says, they then " passed strait

Charter-House, along with the rest of

his brethren, retired to Errol, of

which

way

to

Church they were patrons, carrying with them, no doubt, as mucli of the treasures they possessed as they were able
to appropriate.

the

Abbay

of the Charter House,

and

pullit the hoill place

the Kirk
places,

thairof

as

downe, alsweill uthcr houssos.

He afterwards granted

a feu to his relation, John Forman, of

quhilkis

and all the coastlie bigginnis was maid be King James the

324
A GODLY

THE HISTORY OP

Book

II.

VOW.

Wliiclie,

reported to the Quein, sclie was so enraged that

sche did avow, " Utterlie to destroy Saiict Johnestoun, man,

woman, and

child,
it,

and

to

consume the same by

fyre,

and

thairafter to salt

in signe of a perpetuall desolatioun."

We

suspecting nothing suche creweltie, hot thinking that suche

wordis

myght eschape

liir

in choler, without pui-pose deter-

minate, becaus sche was a

plaintes of those hyj^ocrytes
to a carioun
crueltie,
;

woman
who

sett

fyi^e

by the com-

flocked unto hir, as ravennis

We, (we

say,) suspecting
;

nothing suche beastlie

leaving in Sanct Johne-

returned to our awin housses

stoun Johne

Knox

to

instruct, becaus thei

war young and

be hir awin

rude in Christ.
malice, i3artelie

Bott sche, sett a fyre,

j^artlie

by commandiment of

hir freindis in France,

and not a

litill

by brybes, whiche sche and Monsieur Dosell

receaved from the Bischoppes and the Preastis heir at home,

did contincw in hir rage.
THK COMPLAINT OF THE yUKIN
EEGENT.

And

first,

sche send for

all

the
no-

Nobilitie, to

whome

sche complaned, " That

we meaned
it

thing bot a rebellioun."

Sche did grevouslie aggreage the

dcstructioun of the Charter-howse,^ becaus

First,

was a Kingis

fimdatour thairof, quliilk was

the

farest

of any within the realme of Scutlande ; and ciittit downe the hoill growing trees
best
bi</git

Abbay and

was buried there with great solemnity. James the Second, in the General Council

held at Perth, 12th May 1450, granted a charter of several lands in Perthshire to the Prior

?aid all

uther policies."

(History,

p.

and Convent of the Car-

The destruction seems to have But the Prior been very complete. and his brethren were allowed to retire in safety see note 2, page 323. The Charter-House, or, as it was called, " Monasterium Vallis Vh'tutis," at Perth, was a splendid edifice, foimded and richly endowed by King .James the First, in the year 1429. It was the only religious establishment of any
272.)
:
"'

thusian Monastery of the Valley of Virtue, near Perth. (Reg. Magni Sigilli

Acta Pari. Scot.

later, in

vol.

ii. jj.

65.)

A century

November 1541, Margaret, the mother of James the Fifth, having tlied
at Methven, in the vicinity of Perth,

extent in Scotland of the Order of Carthusians, or White Friars. says it " was not as yet

Holinshed

throughly

was also " buried in the Charterhouse Church of Saint Johns Towne, by [beside] the tombe of King James the First. The King himself and many Nobles of the Realme were present at the funeralles, which were kept in most solemne and pompous maner." (Holin-

finished" at the time of that Monai'ch's

shed's

Chronicles,

Scotland,
2.

p.

445

barbarous nuirdcr, in 1437-8; but he

Chronicle of Perth, p.

Edinb. 1830.)

1559.

THE REFORMATION
;

IN SCOTLAND.

325

fundatiouu
First
;

and

tliare

was the tunibc of King- James the

and bv

siiclie

other pcrswasionis sche maid the most

us.

parte of thame grant to persew

And

then incontinent
evei*

send

sclie for hir

Frencliemen

for that

was and hath

bein hir joy to see Scottishnien dip one with anotheris bloode.

No man was
drois,

at that

tyme more frack against us then was the

yitt

Duke,i lead by the crewell beast, the Bischope of Sanctan-

and by these that

abuse him, the Abbot of Kil-

wynnyng,2 and Matthew Hammyltoun of Mylburne,^ two cheaf

cnnemeis to Christ Jesus
;

yea,

and ennemcis*
These and

to the

and

to his hole house, bot in sa far as thairby thei

Duke may procure

fyre, eon;

thair awin particulare proifeitt.

suclie other pes-

tilent Papistes ceassed nott to cast faggotis

on the

tinewalie cryeing,
shall ones

"

Fordwarte upoun these Heretiques

we

rydd

this

realme of thame."

The

certantie heirof

cuming to our luiowledge, some of us

Wharo,

repaired to the Tonne agane, about the 22 day of Maij, and

thare did abyde for the conforte of our brothrcin.

after invocatioun of the

name

of God,

Toune and

ourselfis in suclie

strenth, as

we began to putt the we thought myght

Ave

best for our just defence.

And, becaus
Accomits.)

war nott

utterlie

James Duke of Chattelherault. Gawin Hamilton, the foui-tli son of James Hamilton of Kaploch, was born about the year 1515, and educated at
'
"^

In Anderson's
p.

House of
Catal.

Hamilton,
Bishops,
p.

364
;

Keith's

of

408

and in Brunton and

Haig's Senators, p. 101, his subsequent

liistory is
^

St.

Andi-ews.

His

name

occiu's as

Determinant of St. Leonard's College in 1534, and a Licentiate in 1530. His connexions early secured for him promotion the Church and in 1549, he sat as Dean of the Metropolitan Church of Glasgow, and as Yicar-(icneral during As already tlie vacancy in that Sec. mentioned, (page -74,) Hamilton, in the year 1550, exchanged the Deanery

somewhat fully detailed. Matthew Hamilton of Mylburne has

already been noticed, at page 207, as

the son of John Hamilton of jMylburnc,

who had been sent to Franco in 1547. He was succeeded by liis brother Robert, who had a charter under the Great
Seal, "

Roberto llanulton,

fratri

quon-

dam Mathei Hamilton

rarum de
*

de Milburne, ter-

Livingstone, in vie. de Lin-

of

Glasgow

ning.
bas83'

Abbacy of KihvinJn 1552-3, he was sent in em(Treas. to the King of France.

for the

litligow," dated Oth

\'autr.
edit,

June

15()t>.

omits six word*, and

reads,

"two

cliiefe

enemies to the Duke."

326

THE HISTORY OF
we cawsed

Book

II.

disparcd of the Quenis favouris,

to
"
liir

to forme a lettir

Grace, as folio wetli

To THE Quenis Grace Regent, all humill obedience and

DEWITIE PREMISSED.
"

As

lieirtofoir,

with jeopard of our lyves, and yitt with will-

ing

liartcs,

Grace,

we haif served the Authoritie of Scotland, and your now Regent in this Realme, in service to our bodyes
;

dangerous and painefull

so now, with

most dolorous myndis

be stayed

we

ar constraned, by injust tyrannye purposed against us, to

declair unto your Grace,

That except

this crueltie

by your wisdome, we wilbe compelled to tak the sweard of

just defence aganis all that shall persew us for the
religioun,

mater of
not,

and

for

our conscience saik

whiclie

awght

nor

may
us.

nott be subject to mortale creatures, farder tiian be God's

worde

man be

able to prove that he hath power to

command
will

We

signifie

moreover unto your Grace, That yf by rigour

to seak the

we be compelled

extreme defence, that we

nott onlie notifie our innocencie and petitionis to the

King of

France, to our Maistres and to her Housband, hot also to the

Princes and Counsall of everie Christiane Realme, declairing

unto tliame, that this

cruell,

injust,

and most tyrannicall

is

murther, intended aganis townes and multitudis, wes, and

the onlie caus of our revolt from our

accustomed obedience,
promeise to our

whiche,

in God's

presence,

we

faythfullie

Soverane Maistres, to hir Husband, and unto your Grace

Regent

provided, that our consciences

may

lyve in that peace

till

and

libertie
;

whiche Christ Jesus hath purchassed

us by

his bloode

and that we may have

his

worde trewlie preached,

and
c.

holie Sacramentis ryghtlie

ministrat unto us, without

whiche we fermelie purpose never to be subject to mortall

u'HAiE

man For
:
'

better,

we

think, to expone our bodyes to a thowsand

^

FERVKNcir.

NOW

dcathis, then to hasarde our soules to perpetuall ^

condemna-

tioun, by denying Christ Jesus and his manifest veritie, whiche

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

do
tliei tliat

327

tiling not onlie

all suclie as

committ open

idolatrie, bot also

seing tliare brotlirene injustlio persewcd for the

caus of religioun, and having sufficient meanes to conforte and

assist

thanie,

do nott the

less

withdraw frome tliame thair

i*;^i',"

dotfull

supporte.

We

wald nott your Grace should be de-

THE NOBILlTIK SlIUl.U YITT CONSIDERS.

ceaved by the

fals

persuasionis of those cruell beastis, the

affirme,

Churche men, who

lie to

That your Grace

neditli nott great-

regarde the losse of us that professe Christ Jesus in this

I'ealme.

Yf

(as

God

forbid)

ye gif eare to thare pestilent

;

counsall, and so use against us this extremitie pretended

is

it

to

be feared, that neyther ye, neyther

yitt

your

posteritie,

shall at

any tyme

after this

fynd that obedience and

all

faithfull

seiTice within this realme, whiche at

tymes yow have

found in

us.

We

declair our judgementis frelie, as trew

and

faithfull subjectis.
interjjreite

God move your Graces

liarte favorablie to

our faythfull meanyng.

Further advertissing your

all

Grace, that the self same thing, together with

thingis that

we have

done, or yitt intend to do,

;

letteris to the

the eternall

by our King of France asking of yow, in the name of God, and as j^our Grace tenderis the peace and
will
notifie

we

qwyetness of this realme, that ye invaid us nott with violence,

till

we

receave ansur from our Maistres, hir Husband, and

from thare advised counsall thare.

"

And

this

we committ

your Grace to the protcctioun of the Omnipotent.

Frome Sanct Johnestoun the 22 of Maij 1559. {^XG subscrihitu7%) Your Grace's obedient subjectis
thingis not repugnant to God,
"

in all

The faithfull Congregatioun

IN Scotland."

of Christ Jesus

In the same tennour we wrate to Monsieur Doscll

gate the Qucnis raige, and the raige of the Preastis

in

Frenche, requiring of him, that by his wisdome he wold miti;

otherwyis

that flanibe, whiche then begane to burnc, wold so kendlc that

quhen some men

Avoid,

it

culd

not

be slokenned

adding

328
farder, that

THE HISTORY OF
he
declairit

Book

II.

him

self l

no

faithfull sei'vaiid to his

maister the King of France, yf for the plesour of the Preistis

he wald persecut
just defence.

us,

and

so compell us to taik the

sweard of

In lyke manor we wrait to Capitane Serra la

Burse,

and

to all utlier Capitanis

and Frenche

soldiouris in

generall,

admonischeing tliame that thair vocatioun was nocht

;

to fyght aganis us naturall Scottishmen

nather yit that thai

had any suche commandiment of

thair maister.

We

besowght

thame

thairfoir nocht to

provok us to inemitie aganest thame,

considdering, that thay

had found us favorable

declairit farther

in thair

most
the

extreme

necessiteis.

We

unto thame, that yf

us, that

thay enterit in

hostilitie

and bloody warre aganest

same sould remane langar than thair and oure

evin in
all posteriteis to

lyves, to witt,

come, so lang as naturall Scottishmen

suld have power to revenge suche crewelty,

ingratitude.

and maist
abroade

horribill

Thease

letteris

war

causit

be

spred

in

great

habundance, to the end that sum myght cume to the knawlege of men.

The Queue Regent

sitt

hir letter

was layed upoun

hir cussing in the Chapell Royall at Striveling, quliair sche

accustomit to
1

at

Messe.

Sche looked upoun

it,

and

Monsieur D'Oysel, who had been

in Scotland ft-om in 1547,
till

resident

Ambassador the King of France,

country, " to half remanit in the Castle of Dunbar and fort of Inchekeith, to the

his

retm-n in 1551, (see page 203,) was again sent in that capacity in 1554.
(Lesley's Hist. pp. 203, 250.)

cuming of the Quenes Hienes, (Queen Mary, from France,) and than to haif
randerit these strenthis at hir com-

He

con-

mand.
ley

Notwithstanding, (Bishop Les-

tinued from that time, as formerly, to

be one of the Queen Dowager's principal counsellors in all her affairs. In 1555, he is called " Lord Dosell, Lieu-

whosone he come to London, the Queen of Ingland wald not suflfer him to pas farder, but causit him retixrne agane France, for that she
continues,)

tenant of the King of France," (Crim.

Trials, vol.
title
i.

affermit that he

and Monsieur Ruble

p.

*375

;)

and under

this

was the
tuix the

principall aucthoris of all the

he will be noticed in a subsequent page. But here I may add, that Doysel must have returned to France when the French troops left Scotland,
to tliis

in 1560, as, in the following year, he

was in Scotland, beQueue Regent and the Nobilitie thairof, and that it was to be fearit he wald do the lyke in tyme cuming, gif lie war permittit to pas in than- cuutrubles quhilkis
trey."

was a third time about to proceed

(History,

p. 298.)

1559.

THE REFORMATION
it

IN SCOTLANi*.

329

put

in tlie pocket of hir goune.

deliverit

Monsieur Dosell and the

evin he
tliair

Capitanis receavit thairis

diouris, (for

aAvin sol-

sum amongis
that

tliame war favoraris of the treuth,)

quho

efter the reading of

;

Leardis
Dosell,

thame, began to ryve thair awin was the modest beliaveour of Monsieur quhen treuth was told unto him, so that it repugne to
for

his fantasie.

These our

letteris

war suppressed

to the utter-

most of thair power, and

yit

thay come to the knowlege of

noclit

monj.
stayed
;

Bot the raige of the Queue and Preistis culd

Lot fordwart thay

be

bot ane verrie

move against us, quho than war few and meane number of gentilmen in Sanct
perceaving the cxtremitie to approche, did
;

Johnestoun,
wiytt to
all

We

bretherin, to repair towardis us for our releve

to

the quhiche

we fand

all

men

so readio bent, that the

work of
men, we
perse-

God was

evidentlie to be esjiyed.

And

becaus that we wold

all

omitt na diligence to declair our innocencie to

formit ane letter to those of the Nobilitie

who than

cuted
"

us, as efter followeth

to the nobilitie of scotland, the congregationis of Chryst Jesus within the same, desyr the spreit of
ryghteous judgement.

"

Becaus we ar nocht ignorant, that the Nobilitie of

this

realme

who now

persecute

us,

employing thair hole study

su^jcrsti-

and

force to

manteyne the kingdome of Sathan, of

tioun and idolatrie, ar yit nochttheles devidit in 02)inioun; We,

the Congregatioun of Christ Jesus by

yow
for

injustlie persecuted,

have thocht good, in one

letter, to

write unto
;

Ye
that

ar devidit,

we we who have tackin upoun us

say,

in opinioun

yow severallic. sum of yow think

remove
to erect the trcw

this interpryise to

idolatrie,

and the monumcntis of the same,

men, and

preaching of Chryst Jesus in the boundis committit to our

chargis, ar Heretickis, seditious
trubilleris of this
is sufti-

commone wealth

and

thairfoir that

no punischmcnt

330
cient for us
:

THE HISTORY OF
and
so,

Book

II.

blyndit with this rage, and under pretens

to serve the Authoritie, ye j)roclame warre,

and threattin

dis-

tructioun without

all

ordour of law aganis

us.

To yow, we

say,

that nather your blynd zeale, nather yit the colour of authoritie,

sail

excuse

yow

in

Godis presence, who commandeth

"

None

to suiFer death, till that

he be opinlie convictit in jugeable to prove against us

ment, to have offendit against God, and against his law writtin,'"

whiche no mortall creature

is

for

we have done, the same we have done at Godis commandiment, who planelie commandis idolatrie, and
qidiatsoevir

all

monunientis of the same to be destroyed and abolisshed,

ernist
it

Oure
THE PEE^
or'rifE'pRo-

and long requeist hath

bein,

and

is,

that in opin

assemblie
touris,

may

be disputit in presence of indifferent audithat

theis

" Wliether

abhominationis,

namit by the

pestilent Papistis, religioun,

whiche thay by

fyi'e

and sweard

TKSTANTIS OP SCOT-

defend, be the trew religioun of Christ Jesus or not ?"

this our

Now,

humbill requcast denyed unto

us,

our lyves ar sought

in
is

most crewell manor.

to defend innocentis,
it

And

ye, the Nobilitie,

(whose dewetie

and to brydle the fury and raige of

selfis

wicked men, wer

of Princes or Emperouris,) do nochtwith-

standing follow thare apj)etytis, and arme your

us,

against

your bretherin, and naturall cuntriemen

all

yea, against us

that be innocent and just, as concerning

suche crymes as

be layid to our chargis.

Yf ye

think that

we be

criminall

becaus that we dissent from your opinioun, considder, we beseiche

yow, that the Prophetis under the law, the Apostles

of Christ Jesus efter his Asscntioun, his primitive Churche,

and holy Martyris, did disassent from the hole world

dayis
;

in thare

and

will

ye deny bot that thair actioun was

just,

and

that

all
?

those that persecuted thame war murtheraris befoir

God

May

nocht the lyek be trew this day

What

assurance

have ye this day of your religioun, whiche the warld that day

had nocht of
yoAv,

thairis

and

so

had

thay.

Ye have Ye have

a multitude that aggre with

antiquitie of tyme,

and that

]o5y.

THE REFORMATION
lacked
noclit.

IN SCOTLAND.

331

tliay

Ye

liave counsales, lawis,

all thingis,

and men of

reputatioun that have estahlisshed

as ye suppose

Bot none of

all

these can

maik any
Is
it

rcligioun acceptable unto

will,

God, whiche onelie dependeth upon his awin

revealled to

man
ye

in

liis

most sacred word.

noclit

than a wonder that

sleij)

in so deadlie a securitie, in the

mater of your awin

salvatioun, considdering that

God

gcvith unto

yow

so manifest

tockens, that ye

and

your Icaderis ar boitli dcclynit from

God

For yf

" the tree salbe judgit

it

by the

fruit," (as Christ

it is

Jesus

lf,\'^

affirmeth, that
Prelattis,

must

be,)

than of necessitie
clergie,

that your

AfJAINST
TIIK PAI'JSTIrf.

and the hole rable of thair

be

evill treeis.

For yf
cest,

adultrie, pryde, ambitioun, dronknes, covetousnes, in-

unthankfulnes, oppressioun, murther, idolatrie, and blasfiTictis,

jihemye, be evill

thare can none of that generatioun,

selfis

whiche clame to thame

the

title of

Churche men,l be

judged gud

treeis

for all these pestilent

and wicked fmittis

:

do they bring furth in greittest habundance

evill treis, (as

And

gif thai be

ye your

selfis

must be compelled

to confcs tliay

ar,)

advise prudentlie with what consciences ye can

manteyne

thame, to occupy the roume and place in the Lordis xjne

yarde.

Do ye

noclit considder, that in so doing

ye labour to
;

manteyne the servandis of syne

and and
so consequcntlie
still

in thair filthie corruptioun

ye labour, that the

all iniquitie

D evill may
and

regno,

abuse this realnie, by

tyi'annye,

and

that Cliryst Jesus and his blessed Evangell be suppressed and

extinguesshed
"

preye ^ The name and the cloke of the Authoritie, Avhichc ^ but rather tend, will nothing excuse yow in Godis i^resence
' ;

against
nvcvtr.

AS

^^j^^f^ op

sail

ye beir duble condempnatioun

for that

ye burdeane God,
All

pei^kqute
thkkin.

as that his good ordinance Aver the cans of your iniquitie.

authoritie quliilk

God hath
all

estahlisshed, is

good and perfyte,

daniiia-

and

is to

be obeyed of

men, yea under the pane of

is

tioun.

But do ye nocht understand, that thair

1

a great

In MS. G, " Kirkmen."

332

THE HISTORY OF
-^

Book

II.

DIFFERENCE difforeiice betiiix the autlioritie quliiclie is Goddis ordinance, DETUIX THE PERsoNE r^i^(\ the personis of those whiclie ar i)lacit in anthoritie ? The
_ _ . .

AND THE
TIE.

AUTHORi-

anthoritie

and Goddis ordinance can never do wrang-

for

it

conimandeth, That vice and wickit

vertew, with verteous

men

be punischit, and

men and

just,

be maynteaned.

But

the corrupt Persone placed in this authoritie

may
and

offend,
is

and

most commonelie doeth the contrare heirof

cled with the

than the

corruptioun of the persone to be followed, be ressone that he

name of the authoritie ? Or, sail those that obey the wicked commandiment of those that ar placed in nocht so. Nocht so authoritie be excusable befoir God ? Kingis, tackin upoun of God plagues and vengeances Bott the
is
;

thair servandis,
trarie.

and

subjcctis,

do witnes to us the plane con-

Pharao

w^as a

King, and had his authoritie of God,

to

who commandit
Israelites,

his subjectis

murther and torment the

lyves.

and

at last

most crewellie to persecut thair

it

But was thare obedience, (blynd raige

excusable befoir
declair,

should be called,)

God

The
God.

universall plague doeth planelie

that the wicked commander, and those that obeyed,

giltie befoir

war alyke
THE FACT OF KlNa
SAULE.

And
He was

yf the example of Pharao

shalbe rejected, becaus he was ane Ethnik, than lat us considder the factis of Saule
:

King anoynted of God,

appoynted to regno ower his people, he commanded to persecut

David, becaus (as he alledged) David was a traytour and
usurper of the Crowne
the Hie Preast and
;

and lyekwyis commanded Abimelech

fellowis to

his

be slane
?

But did God

it

approve any parte of this obedience

did nott.

Evident

is

that he

And
is

think ye, that

God
?

will

approve in yow that

:

whiche he did dampne in otheris

Be nocht deceaved

with

God

thair

no

suclie partialitie.l

Yf ye obey
ye
sail

the injust

commandimentis of wicked

rewlaris,

suifer

Goddis
thairfoi]-

vengeance and just punishment with thame.

as ye tender your awin salvatioun,
'

And

wc most

earnistlie requyro

111

MS.

G, " iiarticularitie."

1559.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.
selfis,

333

of

yow moderatioun, and

that ye stay your

till

and the furyo

of utlieris, from persecuting of us,

lauchfull
"

our cause be trycd in

and opin judgement.

now, to

And
tliat

cause,

that

yow that ar perswaded of the justice of our sumtyme have professed Chryst Jesus with us,
have exhorted us
to

and
have

also

this

interpryse,

and

yit

left

us in our extreme necessitie, or at the least look

fingaris,

throw your

in this
;

our truble, as that the matter

apperteaned nocht unto yow

that as of

we

say, that onles (all fear

selffis

and
us,

warldlie respectis sett asyde) ye joyne your

with

God ye

ar reputed traytouris, so shall ye be exsocietie,

comunicated from our

and from

all

participatioun

with us in the administratioun of Sacramentis.

this victorie, quhilk

The

glorie of

God

shall

geve to his Churche, yea evin in

the eyis of men, shall nocht apperteane to

full

yow

hot the fear-

judgement, whiche apprehended Ananias and his Avyfe

Saj^i^hyra, sail

apprehend yow and your

posteritie.

Ye may
us, as

^^'^'^

^^"^^

perchance contemj)ne, and dispyise the excomunicatioun

PART AND of the THE rTllEK

I)GE
g' 01)

Churche now by Godis myghtie j^ower erected amongis

a thing of no force
;

YF HAVE

hot yit doubt

we

nothing, but

Churche, and the trew ministeris of the same, have the same

NOCHT JUSthat our TIFIED THE CAUS OF THE

innocentis!

power whiche our Maister, Christ Jesus, granted

in these wordis,
"

to his Apostles

Whose synnis ye

sail forgeve,

shalbe for;"

gevin

and whose synnis ye

shall reteane, shall

be reteaned

and
foir

that, becaus
is

thay preiche, and we beleve the same doctryne

whiche

conteyned in his most blessed wourd.

And

thair-

except that ye will contempne Chiyst Jesus, ye nether

can despyise our threatnyng, nether yit refuisc us calling for

your just defence.

By your
:

faynting,

and by extracting of Q^if^'^.j,

rage'd'id

your support, the enimeis ar incoraged, thinking, that thay

shall find

no resistance

In whiche point, God willing, thay

nocht murther the least of our brefirst

the ishew

salbe deceaved.

For gif thay war ten thowsand, and we bot

sail

ane thowsand, thai

therin, but

we (God

assisting us) shall

eonimitt our lyvcs

334
in the handis of

THE HISTORY OF
God
for thair defence.
;

Book

II.

But

this shall aggraselfis

vat your damnatioun

for

ye declair your

boith trayus,

touris to the treuth ones professed,

and murtheraris of
(to

and

of your bretherin, from wliome ye draw your detfull

and pro-

misshed support, wliome your onelie presence

manis judge-

ment) myglit preserve from

looke nocht to the power
of man.

this

danger.

For our enimeis

of Grod, bot to the force

is

and strenth

Wlien the nomber

;

mean

to resist thame, than

rage thay as bloody wolvis

bot a party cquall or able to resist

fuiy.

thame in apperance, doeth brydill thair awin consciencis, and wey that sentence
befoir

Examinat your
aschamed of me

of our Maister, Chryst

is

Jesus, saying, " Whosoevir denyeth me, or

men,

I shall

deny him befoir

:

my

Father."
us,

Now

is

the

day of his battell in this realme

Yf ye deny

jour breas

therin, suffering for his name's saik, ye do also

deny him,

him

self

doeth witnes in these wordis, " Whatsoevir ye did to

litill

any of these

ones, that ye did to

litill

me

and what ye did

me.''

nocht to one of those

ones, that

ye did nocht to

Gif these sentencis be trew, as concerning meat, drink,

ing,

cloitli-

and suche thingis as apperteane

to the body, shall thai

not be lykewyis trew in these thingis that apperteane to the

preservatioun of the lyves of thowsandis, whose bloode
sought, for professioun of Christ Jesus
?

is

now

And

thus schortlie

leave
us, to

we yow, who sumtymes have

professed Christ Jesus with

the examinatioun of your awin consciencis.

And

yit

ones agane, of yow, who, blynded by superstitioun persecute

us,

we requyre moderatioun, yow

to

till

our cause

may be

tryed,

Avhiche gif ye will nocht grant unto us for Godis cause, yit
desyi'e

we

have respect to the preservatioun of our com-

mone
uther.

cuntree, whiclie

we can

not sonnar betray in the handis

of strangeris, than that one of us distroy

and murther ane

for the

Considder our petitionis, and

call

spreit

of

richteous judgement."

These our Letteris being dividgat, some

man began

to

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

335

reasoim whether of conscience thai myg-ht invaid us or not,

considdering that

we

offered

dew obedience

to tlie Authoritie

requiring- nothing hot the libertie of conscience,

and our

reli-

gioun and fact to be trjed by the word of God.

Oure Letteris

came with convenient expeditioun to the handis of the bretherin in Cuninghame and Kyle, who convened at the Kirk of Craggici,! whare, efter some contrarious reassonis, Alexander Erie of Glencarne, in
" Lat everie
grace,
zeall,

burst furth in these wordis,

I
will,
:

man

serve his
in

conscience.

by Goddis
yea, albeit
it

see

my

bretherin

Sanct Johnestoun

never

man

should accumpany me, I will go, and gif

war

bot with a pick

upoun
that

my
all

shulder

for I

had rather dye with

These wordis so en-

that cumpany, nor leve efter thame."

coraged the

rest,

decreed^ to go fordward, as that thai

Herault, in his coat armour,

did so stoutlie, that

when Lyoun

commanded

all

man under

the pane of treassone to returne to

in Glasgw, never
will

thair housses

by publict sound of trumpett

that charge, but
all

man obeyed
efter hear.

went fordward, as we

When

it

was

clearlie

understand that the Prelattis

and thair adherantis, suppressing our petitionis so far as in thame lay, did kindill tlie furye of all men against us, it was thoght expedient to writt unto thame sum declaratioun of our
myndis, wliiche
"

we

did in this forme following

to the generatioun of antichrist, the pestilent Prelattis and thare Schavillingis within Scotland,

THE Congregatioun OF Christ Jesus within

the same, sayeth,

"

To the end that ye

shall not

be abused, thinking to eschaipe

just punishment, efter that ye in your blind fury have caused

the bloode of

many

to be sched, this

we

notific

and

declair

unto yow,

tluit

yf ye proceid in this your malicious crewcltie,

slialbc

ye shalbe entreated, wliaresoevir ye

>

apprehended, as

Craigie, a parish of that

name

hi Ayi-shire.

In the IMS. " docryed."

336
murtlieraris

THE HISTORY OF
and oppin enimeis
to

Book

II.

God and unto mankind and thaii-foir, "betymes cease from this blind raige. Remove first from your selfis your bandis of bloody men of warre, and
;

reforme your

selffis

to

a more

quiet lyve

and

tliairefter

mitigat ye the authoritie whiche, without cryme committed upoun our parte, ye have inflammit aganis us or ellis be ye
;

assured, that with the

same measure that ye have measured

it

against us, and yit intend to measure to utheris,

salbe

measured unto yow

sowllis in

That

is,

as ye

onelie to destroy our bodyis, hot also

by t}Tanny intend nocht by the same to hold our

shall grant

bondage of the
force

Devill, subject to idolatrie, so shall

we with
shall

all

and power, wdiiche God

unto

us,

execut just vengeance and punishment upoun yow.

Yea, we
Israeli

begyn that same warre whiche God commanded

;

to

execut aganis the Cananites

that

is,

contract of peace

shall never

be maid,

till

ye desist from your oppin idolatrie

childrein.

and crewell persecutioun of Godis

signifie

And

this

we

unto yow in the name of the eternall God, and of his

veritie

Sone Christ Jesus, whose

will

we

profess,

and Evangell we
idolatrie.

have preached, and holy Sacramentis ryghtlie minstrat, so

long as

God

will assist us to

ganestand your

Talc

this for Advertisment,

and be nocht deceaved."

These our requeistis and advertismentis nochtwithstanding,

Monsieur Dosell and his Frenchemen, with the Preastis and
thair bandis,

marched fordward against Sanct Johnestoun, and

all

approched within ten myles to the town.

bretherin from
Fyife,

quartaris for our releaff.

Than repaired the The gentilmen of

for that purpoise

Anguss, and Mernis, with the town of Dundie, war thay

hasarded to
resist

that

first

the enimie

and

was

chosin a platt of ground,^ a

myle and more distant from

the town.

In this meantyme the Lord Ruthven, Provest of

the town of Sanct Johnestoun, and a

1

man whome many judged

In MS. G, " a piece of gromid."

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

and stout
awin
did
in that actioun, (as in vcrray

337

godlie

dead

lie

was
first

evin unto his last breath,^) left the town, and depairtit
to his
place,

and

efter to the

Quene

whose defectioun

and
and

revolt
yit

was a great discoragement

to the hartis of

many
;

God

so confort,^ that Avithin the space of tuelf

houris efter, the hartis of all

men war

erected agane

for

those that war than assembillit did nocht so

victorie
veritie

muche houp

by

tliair

awin strenth, as by the power of

;

Him whose
till

they professed

and began one

to confort another,

the hole

multitude was erected in a reasonable esjoerance.

efter that the

The day

Lord Ruthven depairted, Avhiche was the 24 of Mail, cam the Erie of Argyle, Lord James, Priour
of Sanctandrois,

speikaris

and the Lord Sempill, directed from the

^

SKND BY ^"^ quene

TO SANCT

'

Queue Regent
liegis thare.

to

inquire the cans of that convocatioun of g^JJ^'^'

it

To quhome, quhen

was ansuered, that

it

was

onelie to resist that crewell tyranny devised against that poore

town, and the inhabitantis of the same, thay asked, " Gif

we
and

myndit nocht
against the

to hold that

town against the

?"

authoritie,

Quene Regent

To the

whiclie questioun an-

suered the Lairdis of

tioun of Anguss

Dun and

Pittarro, with the Congrega-

and Mcrnis, the Maister of Lyndesay, the and

otheris Barronis of Fyffe,

Lairdis of Lundy, Balvaird,^

" That gif the Quenis Grace wald suffer the religioun thare

begun
that

to proceid,

and nocht truble thair bretherin and

and quhatsoevir
to

sisteris

had

jjrofessed Christ Jesus

selffis,

with thame, that the town,

thay thame

thame perteaned, should

Wliiche ansuer under-

be at the Quenis commandiment/'

stand,^ the Erie of Ergyle and the Priour (quho boitli war
;" " Vautr. edit, has " comfort them and MS. G, " comfort his." ^ Patrick Master of Lindesay, afterwards sixth Lord Lindesay of Byres Walter Lundy of Lundy and Sir An;

Patrick Lord Ruthven held the

Provostsliip of Perth during the year

1554, (Ids father, William Lord Ruthveu, having been Provost in 1552 and
1553,) and he

was annually

re-elected,

without intermission, until the year of

his death, 1566.

di-ew
*

Murray

of Balvaii-d.

For, " understood."

VOL.

I.

338

THE HISTORY OF

Book

II.

THE FALS
SlIGGES-

TIOUN OF

THE QUBNE
REGENT.

tlian Protestantis) began to muse, and said planelie, that tliay war far utlierwayis informed by the Quene, to witt, " That we mentt no religioun, but a pLane rebellioun." To the whiche when we had answered simplie, and as the treuth was, to wit,

we conveaned for none other purpose, bot onelie to assist and our brethrein, who than war most injusthe persecuted thairfoir we desyi^ed thame faithfullie to report our answer,
;

" That

and

to be intercessouris

to

the Quene Regent, that suche

us,

creweltie suld nocht be usit against

considering that

we

had

offered in our former letteris, alsweill to the Quenis Grace,

as to the Nobilitie, our mater to be tryed in lauchfull judge-

ment."

Thay promcscd
efter,

fidelitie in

that behalff, whiclie also

thay kcipt.

The day

whiche was the 25 day of Maij, befoir that

the saidis Lordis depairted, in the morning Johne

Knox

de-

syred to speak with the same Lordis; whiche grantit unto him,

he was conveyed to thair ludgeing by the Laird of

Balvaird,'^

and thus he began

THE ORATIOTTN OF

"

The present

trublis.

Honorable Lordis, owght to move the

all

JOHNE

hartis,

nocht onlie of the trew seiTandis of God, bot also of

KNOX
TO THE
L0RDI3.

suche as beare any favour to thare cuntree, and naturall cun-

treymen, to discend within thame

selfis

and

deiplie to con-

sidder quhat shalbe the end of this pretended tyranny.

The
in-

raige of Sathan seaketh the destructioun of all those that

within this realme professe Christ Jesus

and thay that

flambe the Quenis Grace, and

yow the Nobles

aganis us, regard

nocht who

prevaill,

provided that thay

may

abuse the warld,

and leve

at thair pleasour, as heirtofoir thay

have done.

Yea,

I fear that some seak nothing more than the eifusioun of

Scottis bloode, to the

end that thair possessionis

is

may

be more

patent to utheris.

Bot, becaus that this

nocht the principall

whiche
1

have to speak, omitting the same to be considderit

of Balvaml succeeded
liis

In MS. G, "Balwaird;" in Yaiitr.

father, Sir

Da-

edit,

"Balwarde."

Sir Andrew Murray

vid Murray,

who died in December

1550.

1559.

THE REFORMATION
to

IN SCOTLAND.
cair of the

339

by the wisdome of those

wealth apperteaneth.
" 1st. I

quhome the

commone

most humbillie require of yow,

my Lordis, in my name,
who
sche in hir
sei-vandis, faithfull
;

to say to the Quenis Grace Regent, that we,

blynd raige doeth persecute, ar Goddis

and

obedient subjectis to the authoritie of this realme

religioun,

that that

whiche sche pretendeth to maynteyne by fyre and

nott the trew religioun of Christ Jesus, bot
is

sweard,

is

exj^res

contrarie to the

same

a superstitioun devised be the brane of

selff to

man whiche
;

I offer

my

prove aganis

all

that within

Scotland will

maynteane the

contrarie, libertie of

towng

being-

granted unto me, and Godis writtin word being admitted for
judge.
" 2d. I farder require your Honouris, in

my name,
now

to say unto I say, that

hir Grace, that as of befoir I have writtin, sa

this hir interpryise

shall nocht prosperouslie succeid in the

end

'

and

albeit for a

tyme sche truble the

"^

Sanctis of God, for iett the

PAPISTES,

sche feo-liteth nocht aganis

man
;

onelie, bot against the eternall father

God and

his invincible veritie

and

thairfoir,

the end slialbe

desist.

f'*"^^'^'^^*^'

hir confusioun, oneles

betymes sche repent and

" These thingis I require of yow, in the

name
;

of the eternall

God, as from

my

mouth, to say unto hir Grace

adding, that I

have bein, and

am

a more assured freind to hir Grace, than

thay that either flattering hir ar servandis to hir corrupt

appetytes,! or
ellis

inflambe hir against

us,

who

seik nothing

bot Goddis glorie to be advanceit, vice to be sujipressed, and

veritie to

be maynteaned in this poore realme."

three did promese to report his wordis sa fer as thai
did.

Thei
culd,

all

whiche efterwardis we understoode thai

self,

Yea, the

Lord Semple^ him

man

sold under syne,

enymyo

to

God and

to all godlyncs, did yit

maik suche
"^

report, that the

^ In MS. G, " flattering hir Grace, ar servandis of," &c., " or else inflame."

Robert third Lord Scmple, who

liis

succeeded

fother in 1548.

340

THE HISTORY OP
oiFended, that

Book

II.

Quene was sumquliat

any man suld use

suclie
;

libertie in hir presence.

Sche

still

proceaded in hir malice

liir

for immediatelie tliairefter sclie

letteris,

send

Lyoun Herauld, i with

under
he had declaired

straitlie chargeing- all

man

to avoid the toun,

the pane of treasone.

Whiclie

letteris, efter

thame

to the cheife

men

of the Congregatioun, he publictlie

proclamed the same, upoun Sounday, the 27 [28th] of Maij.2

In this mean tyme, come sure knawlege to the Quene, to the

Duke, and

to

Monsieur Dosell, that the Erie of Glencarne, the

Lordis Uchiltrie and Boyd, the young Schiref of Air, the Lairdis
of Cragy Wallace, Sesnock, Carnell, Barr, Gaitgirth,^ and the

hole Congregatioun of Kyle and Cuninghame, approched for our

releve
;

and

in verray

dead thay came in suche diligence, and

to fear, so

suche a nomber, that as the enymie had just cans

have

all

that professe Christ Jesus just matter to praise

God

for thair fidelitie

THE DILIGENCE OF THK EELE OF GLEN-

and stout corage in that nead

for

by thair
Thare

presence was the tyranny of the enymie brydilled.

diligence
w^_^^,

suche, that albeit the passage

by

Striveling,

and
hir

CARNE, AND sex myles alove, OF THE BRETHERIN OF THE WEST, bandis, and gart

was

stoppit, (for thair lay the

Quene with

cutt the brigis

upoun the watter of Forth,

yit

FOR THE
RELEIF OF KANCT JOHNESTOUN.

Gwdy and

Teath,^ above

Striveling,)

maid thay suche

expeditioun throw desert and montane, that thay i)revented

the enymie, and approched within sex myles to our campe,

whiche than lay without the town, awaiting uj^oun the enymie,
' Robert Forman, at tliis time, was Lyon-King at Arms. ' Sunday the 27th May. Keith (p.

of Cesnock

Hugh

AVallace of Carnell
:

199) takes notice, that

if

the proclamait

tion "was " done on a Sunday,

must

John Lockhart of Barr and James Chalmer of Gadgii'th. * The Avater of Goodie flows fi'om the lake of Monteatii in Strathern, and falls
into the Forth, about nine miles above
Stu'ling. The Teith is a beautiful stream connected with some of the Perthshire lakes, (Lochs Katrine, Achray, &c.,) and loses its name, at its junction with the Forth, thirteen miles from Callander.

have been on the 28th." In liis other reference to the days of the week, during

May and June

3

1559,

Knox has

fallen

into a similar discrepancy.

These Ayrshire

gentlemen were

Matthew Campbell,
Wallace of Craigie

Sheriff of Ayr;
;

John

George Campbell

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

341

befoir that
Tlieir

any assured knawlcg-o come to us of tliair cuniing. number was judged to^ tuentie fyvc hundreth men,

whairof thair was 12 hundreth horsmen.

standing

The Qucne under-

how

the said Erie and Lordis, with thair cumj^any

all

approched, causit to besett

wayis, that na advertisment

should come to us, to the end that we, dispared of support, myght condiscend to suclie appointment as sche required and send first to require, that some disereat men of our number wald cum and speik the Duke and Monsieur Dosell, (who than with thair armyc did lye at Auchterardour,^ ten myles fra
;

Sanct Johnestoun,) to the end that some reasonable appoint-

ment myght be
and
all

had.

Sche had perswaded the Erie of Ergyle,

utheris, that

we ment nothing hot

hir,

rebellioun

and

thairfoir

had he promisshed unto

self

that in case

we should
nochtwithus.

nocht

stand content with ane reasonable appointment, he

plane enymie unto us,

should declair him

standing that he professed the same religioun with

us war send the Laird of Dun,3 the Lard of In

From

-quharitiej^

the Queue wald

quired, "

and Thomas Scot of Abbotishall,^ to heir quliat appointment The Duke and Monsieur Dosell reoffer.
That the town should be maid patent, and that
all

thingis should be refen-ed to the Quenis plesour."

To the

whiche thai answered, " That natlier had thay commissioun

so to promese, nather durst

thay of conscience so perswaid

tuJun'op
tkItIntIs

thair bretherin.

Bot yf that the Quenis Grace wald promeise,

for

that

no inhabitant of the town should be trublit

any
for

suche crymes as myght be alledged aganis thame for the

lait nEuiNG of
johnk.s-

mutatioun of relioioun, and abolishment of

douncasting the places of the same
1
;

idolatrie,

and

yf

sclie

wald

suffer tlie

lu

MS. G,

"

was

of good

coiiipt,

^ *

fy\c and twentie hmidreth men," &c.

John Erskine of Dun. John Ogilvy of Invcvquharity,

in

a village, in the parish of that name, in Perthshire, about fourteen miles from Perth, on tlie road to .Stirling.
2

Auchterarder,

the parish of Kirriemuir, Forfarsliire. ^ He is afterwards mentioned as one

of the sous of Sir William Scott f^fCal-

wcurie.

342
religioun

THE HISTORY OF
begun
to

Book IL

go fordward, and

leif tlie

town

at

liir

detliat

pairting free from the gaiysonis of Frenclie

soldioiiris,

thay wald labour at the bandis of tbair bretberin tbat tbe

Quene sbould be obeyed

perceaving
tlie

in all thingis."

Monsieur Dosell

danger to be great, yf that ane suddane

;

appointment sbould nocht^ be maid

and that thay war nocht

able to execut thair tyranny against us, after that the Con-

gregatioun of Kyle (of quliose cuming

we had no

advertis-

ment) should be joyned with us

with gud wordis disniissed2

the saidis Lairdis to perswaid the bretberin to quiet concord.

To the whiche

all

men war
" Curssed

so weill

mynded, that with one

voce thay cryed,

be thay that seak effusioun of

Lett us possess Christ Jesus, and

bloode, war, or dissentioun.

the benefite of his Evangell, and none within Scotland shalbe

more obedient

subjectis

than we shalbe."

With

all

exj)edi-

tioun war send from Striviling agane, (efter that the cuming
of the Erie of Grlencarne

was knawin,

for the

enymie
foirsaid,

for fear

quaiked,) the Erie of Ergyle and Lord

thair

cumpany a

crafty

and in man, Maister Gravine Hammiltoun,

to finishe

James

Abbot of Kilwynning,^ who war send by the Quene

the appointment foirsaid.
Erie of Glencarne and his honorable

Bot befoir that thay came, was the

cumpany arryved

in the

town

had

so mercifullie

sitie,

he hard thame in thare maist extreme necesand had send unto thame suche releafe as was able,
all

and then began

men

to praise God, for that

without eifusioun of bloode, to stay the raige of the ennemy.

The Erie

of Ergyle
to the

and Lord James did

whiche
all

earnistlie
willing.

perswaid the

agreement/

men was

But sum did

smell the craft of the adversarie, to wit, that thay war

to keip no point of the promeise longar than thay

mynded

had obteanit

thair intent.

With the Erie

'

of Glencarne

come our loving brother Johne

" *

''

In Vautr. edit. " noclit" is omitted. In the MS. " dimisshed."

See note 2, p. 325. In the MS. " swaid the argument."

15.59.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

;

343

Willok

Jolinc

Knox was
and
in

in tlic

town

befoir.

These two went

infidelitie,

to the Erie of Ergyle

Priour, accusing

thame of

in sa for as tliay
sujjport

had defrauded

thair brcthering of thair dcbtfull

and confort

thair greatest necessitic.

Tliay an'^'I''-

^nsper That thair hart was constant with thair bretherin, and that thay wald defend that cans to the uttermost and prTou'e of thair power. Bot becaus thay had promesed to Laubour for andkois^'
siiered boith, "

concord,
offerris,

and

to assist the

Queue, in case we refuised ressonable

less

of conscience

and honour, thay culd do na

:

than be

faithfull in thair

promeise maid

And

thairfoir

thay required

that the bre therin

myght be perswaided
;

to consent to that
tliat

reassonable appointment

promesing, in Goddis presence,

joit thairof, that thay,

yf the Queue did break in ony

thair hole ^ poweris,
'

with
'^"^ ^^JIKISE OF
*"?'"'

wald

assist

and concur with thair brcthcrin

in all

This promeise maid, the Preacheouris tymes ^"f appeased the multitude, and obteaned in the end that all men
to cum.''

did consent to the appointment foirsaid, whiche thay obteaned

noclit without great labouris.

And

no wonder, for

many

foir-

saw the danger

to follow

yea, the Preacheouris

thame

sclfis,

in oj)pin sermone, did affirme planelie, "

suredlie perswaided that the

That thay war asQueue mentt no treuth Bot to

:

stop the

mouth

of the adversarie,

who

injustlie did burthein

all

us with rebellioun, thay moist earnistlie requyred

men

to

approve the appointment, and so to suffer hypocresie to

cloise the selff."

dis-

This appointment was concluded the 28th of Maij, and the

day

following, at tua efter none, depairted the Congregatioun

from Sanct Johnestoun, after that Joline

sermone, exhorted
all

Knox

had, in his
to

men

to constancie,

and unfcanedlie
also,

thank God,

for that it

had pleased

his mercie to stay the raige

;

of the ennemy, without effusioun of bloode

that no bro-

ther should weary nor faint to support suche as should efter

be lykewyis persecuted, " For, (said he,)

pairt of this promeise

am

assured, that no
keipit tlian the

maid shalbe longar

344

THE HISTORY OF
liir

Book

II.

Quene and

Frenchemen

liave tlie

upper hand/'
;

Many
town

of

the ennemeis war at the same sermone

for after that the

appointment was maid, thay had

provide ludgeingis.

free entres in the

to

Befoir the Lordis depairted, was this

tenoiir followis, as
it

Band made, quhose

was writtin and

subscryv^ed.

"

At Perth,
yeiris,

the hist day of Maij, the yeir of

God J""-

Y'- fiftie

nyne

the Congregationis of the West euntrey, with the

Congregationis of Fyfe, Perth, Dundie, Anguss, Mearnis, and

Munross, being conveaned in the town of Perth, in the

of Jesus Christ, for furtlisetting of his glorie
;

name

understanding

na thing mair necessar

stant amitie, unitie,

for the

samin than to keap ane con-

and fellowschipe togidder, according as

Grod, ar confederat,

thay ar commanded be

and become bundin

and
assist to-

and obleast
that

in the presence of God, to concur

all

gether in doing

thingis required of
;

God

in his Scripture,

may be to

his glorie

and

at thair haill poweris^ to distroy,

and away
that
case that

put, all thingis that dois dishonour to his

name, so
:

God may be
ony

trewlie

and

puirelie wirschipped

And

in

any truble

beis intended aganis the saidis Congre-

gationis, or

part, or
assist,

tioun shall concur,

member^ thairof, the liaill Congregaand conveane togidder, to the defence

and
lyves, in

of the samin Congregatioun, or persone trubled ; and shall noclit

spair laubouris, goodis, substancis, bodyis,

man-

teaning the libertie of the haill Congregatioun, and everie

member

thairof, aganis

whatsomevir power that shall intend

the said trubill, for caus of religioun, or

ony uther cans

de-

pendand thairupoun, or lay

thairof, althocht it

to thair charge

under pretence

happin to be coloured with ony uther out-

ward

caus.

In witnessing and testimony of the quhilkis, the

haill Congregationis foirsaidis lies orde3aied

and appointit the

>

111

Yautr.

edit.

" and that,

tliat

hole powers."

In the MS. " mimber."

1550.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

845

Noblemen and

pcrsonis underwrittin to subscrivc thir presentis.

(Sic suhscribitur,)

Arch. Ergyle.

Glencarne,
R.

James Stewart.

Lord Boyd.

Mathow Campbell

of Teringland.^

Uciiiltrie.

The tuenty nyne day of Maij entered the Qucne,

thair voley of hacqnebuttis, did Murray,'^ a

tlic

Duke,

Monsieur Dosell, and the Frenchemon, who, in dischargeing

we ill mark the

lious of Patrik

man
vij

fervent in

religioun,
;

and that

baldlie

had

susteaned

all

dangeris in that trubill

against whose stair thay

directed vj or

schott, evin aganis the faces of those that

war thare lyand.

slane,

All

man

eschaped, except the sone of the

said Patrik, a boy of ten or tuelf yearis of aige,

who being &

is

was had

to the

Quenis presence.
w^as,

Bot sche undera pitie

THE FIRST SLAUCHTER F THE FHENCHE^^^'

standing whose sone he

it

said in mokagc, " It

;

chanced on the sone, and nocht on the father

is

bot seing

that so

chanced,

me

can nocht be against fortune."

This

was hir

liappie entress to Sanct Johnestoun,

and the great

Papistis that

zeall sche

tendeth to justice.

The swarme of

entered with hir began streyght to

mak

provisioun for thair 2"^^"

so easy to

Messe

and becaus the

altaris

war nocht
and

be

re- the

ap-^

paired agane, thay provided tables, whairof sum befoir used

to serve for drunkardis, dysaris,
carteris

holy aneuch for the Preast and his padgcan.

f bot thay war The Quene be;

gan

to raige against all godlie

and honest men

;

thair housses

was oppressed by the Frenchemen alsweall Provest as Bailies, war

Or Terinzcan iu Yautv. edit. " TeAt i^age 340, be is called young Sheriff of Ayr. He succeeded
'
:

the lauchfull Magistratis,

injustlie,

and without

all

rin^land."

came cautioner for \Villiain Ifarlaw, and was amerciated for his non-appearance to underly the law, &c., on 10th May lu-JO.
tlie

his faiher, Sir

Hugh Campbell

of Lou-

doun, in 15G1. " This was no doubt Patrick Murray

of Ti))l)crmuir, in Perthshire,

' Iu Vautr. edit. " dizardes;" in jMS. G, " dycearis," that is, players at cards

who

be-

and

dice.

346

THE HISTORY QP

Book

II.

ordour, deposed from tliair autlioritie.

wicked man, void

of Godis fear,

and

destitut of all vertew, the

liir

Lard of Kintown,l wliarat

fawnse, was intrused by

all

Provest above

tlie

honest

men was

offended.

Tliaj left thair awin housses,

and with

tliair wyeffis

and childrein sought amongis thare

Sche tuk ordour

brctherin some resting place for a tyme.

AGAINST that four ensenzeis of the soldiouris should THE APPOINTMENT town to maynteane idolatrie, and to resist the THE SECUND TYME.

abyde in the
Congregatioun.

Honest and

indifferent
?

violat hir promeise

men asked, Wliy sche did so manifestlie Sche answered, " That sche was bundin
:

to

keap na promeise

to Hereticques

promeist onelie to leave the town

SECUND ANSUEE
OF QUENE REGENT.

free of

and moreover, that sche Frenche soldiouris, was reasoned

" Princes

wliiche, (said sche,) sche did, becaus that those that thairin

war

left

war Scottishmen."
That
all

Bot when

it

in hir

contrair,
THE THRID ANSUER.

those that took

:

waiges of France, war

counted Frenche soldiouris

nocht so
straitlie

sche answered,

must
that
als

be bundin to keap thair promesses.

Myself,
all

(said sche,)

wold

mak

litill

conscience to tak from

I

sorte thair lyves

and inheritance, yf

myght do
left

it

with

honest ane excuise."

And

than sche

the town in ex-

treme bondage, efter that hir ungodlie Frenche

men had most

remaned
in

crewelly entreated the maist parte of those that

THE DEthe same. The Erie of Argyle, and Lord James foirsaidis, PARTURE OF THE ERLE perceaving in the Queue nothing but meare tyrranny and OF ERGYLE AND LORD falshode, myndfull of thair former promesses maid to thair JAMES FRA THE QUENE brethorin, did secreidlie convey thame selfis and thair cumREGENT, WITH SUCHE
AS ASSISTED

THAME AND
THAIR FIRST BAND.

panyeis of the town

Ruthven, (of

whome

befoir

and with thame departed the Lord mentioun is maid,) the Erie of
;2

Menteith, and the Laird of Tullibardin

^ The Queen Kegent, upon the tumults in Perth, and the destruction of the religious houses there, in May 1559, may have intended to supersede Patrick Lord Ruthven, as Provost of Perth; but it docs not appear that either Tho-

who, in Godis

j)re-

mas

teris of

John CharKiufauns, ever held the otBce during the reign of Queen Mary.
Charteris, or his son
'^

Six William

Murray

of Tullibardin,

ancestor of the Atholl family.

in 1562.

He

died

1559.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.
selfis

347
faitli-

scnce, did confidcrat,

fullie

and bynd tliame

assist

togidder,

and defend another against all pcrsonis that wald persew tliame for rcligionis saik and also
promessing one to
;

tliat tliay,

with thair hole force and power, Avald defend the

brctlierin persecuted for the

same

cans.

The Quene,

lieyghlie

offended at the suddane departure of the personis foirsaidis,

send charge to tliame to returne, under the heigliest pane of

hir
displeasour. ^

Bot thay ansuered, " That with "

saif con- the an-sfer

OFTIIEKKLL

science thay cuid noclit he partakaris of so manifest tyrranny ^^ ekgvle.

as

by

hir

was committed, and of

so great iniquitie as

thay

perceaved devised, by hir and hir ungodlie Counsale the Prelattis."

This ansuer was gevin to hir the

first

day of

Junij,

and

immediatlie the Erie of Ergyle and Lord James repaired

toward Sanctandrois, and in thair jorney gaif advertismcnt,

by wiytting,

to the Laird of

Dun,

to the Laird of Pittarrow,

to the Provest of Dundie,!

and

otheris, professouris in

Anguss,2

to visite tliame in Sanctandrois the feird^ of Junij, for

foi-matioun to be
broglit in thair

Remaid thair. Whiche day thay heap, and cumpany Johne Knox, who, the first day, after

his

cuming

to Fyfe, did preache in Carraill, the nixt

day

in

Anstruthcr,

mynding the
maid

thrid day, whiche

to preache in Sanctandrois.

matioun

to be

in his
;

was the Sounday,* The Bischope, hearing of RcforCathedrall Churche, thoglit tymc
thairfoir

to sturr, or ellis never

and

assembled his collcgis 5

and confcderat
to the

fellowis, besydis his utlier freindis,

and came
to

town upouii the Setterday

sj)earis,

at night, accumi)anyed with

a hundreth

of

mynd

to have stoj)ped

Johne Knox

have preached.
onlie

Tlie two Lordis and gentilmen foirsaid war accumpanyed with thair quyet housholdis, and tliairfoir
as formerly noquliilk

>

James Ilalyburton,
Vautr.
In MS.

was the

thrid,

to

preiche in
tlic

ticed,
'
*

was Provost of Dundee.

edit, reads, " in

Sanct Androis."
of June.
*

Sunday was

4th

Anguish."

Ci, " the fourt." In MS. G, " myndiug the Sonday,

Vautr.

edit,

makes

this " colledgcs."

348

THE HISTORY OP
tlie

Book

IT.

was
for

suddane cuming of

tlie

Biscliope the

more

fearfull

than was the Queue and hir Frenchmen departed from

Sanct Johnestoun, and war lying in Falkland, within tnelf myles of Sanctandrois and the town at that tyme had not
;

gevin professioun of Christ,

and

thairfoir

could nocht the

Lordis be assured of thair freindschip.

had,

Consultatioun being

many war
;

of

mynd

that the preaching should be delayed

for that day,

and

especiallie that

Johne Knox should nocht

picture of

preache
suffer,

for that did the

Bischope affirme that he wald nocht

considdering that by his

commandiment the

the said Johne was befoir brunt.

THE
BISCHOPE
HIS GOOD

He

willed, thairfoir,

ane

honest gentillman, Robert Colvile of Cleishe,! to say to the

MYNDE TOWARD
JOHNE KNOX.

That in case Johne Knox presented him selfF to the preaching place, in his town and principall Churche, he should
Lordis, "

gar him be saluted with a dosane of culveringis, quherof the

most parte should lyght upoun his nose." After long deliberatioun had, the said Johne was called, that his awin judgement

might be had.

When many

perswationis war maid that he

should delay for that tyme, and great terrouris gevin in caise

he should interpryse suche a thing, as

the Bischope.

it

war

in

contempt of

He

ansuered,

"

God

is

witnes that I never

preached Christ Jesus in contempt of any man, nather

I at

mynd
to

any tyme
to

to present

my

selif to

that place, having ather

yit

respect

my

awin privat commoditie, eyther

;

the

warldlie hurt of any creature

but to delay to ]3reache the

viol en tlie withholdin,) I

morrow, (onless the bodie be

nocht of conscience
first
:

can

for in this

Town and Churche began God

from the

to

call

me
reft

to the

dignitie of a j^i'eacheour,

whiclie I

was

by the tyrranny of France, by j)rocurement

rescinded,

Robert Colville of Cleish -was a

12th December 1543.

He

natm-al son of Sir James Colyille of Easter Wemyss. He had a charter of

the barony of Cleish, 15th July 1537.

was

killed at the siege of Leith, 7th

May

1560, and was succeeded by his son Robert Colville, the ancestor of the

He was

forfeited
;

December 1540

but his

by Parliament, 10th foi'feiture was

Lord

Colvilles of Ochiltree.

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

as ye all wcall ancucli
I

349

of

tlie Biscliopis,

know

How

long I

continewed prisoneir, what torment

sustcaned in the galaies,

and what war the sobLes of

ceat
:

my

liarte, is

now no tyme

to re-

This onelie I can noclit conceall, whiche

mo

than one from Scot-

have hard
land, that

me

say,

when the body was

Avas, in

far absent

my

assured houp

oppin audience, to preache

in Sanctandrois befoir I depairted this lyeff.

And

thairfoir

(said he,)

My

Lordis, seing that God, above the expectatioun

of many, hath brocht the body to the

I

same place whair

first

was

called to the office of a preacher,

injustlie I

and from the whiche

your Honouris nocht

most

was removed,

I beseak

to stoj)

me
lyef

to present

the fear of danger that

for

my

is

in the

selfl' unto my bretherin. And as for may come to me, lett no man be solist custody of Him whose glorie I seak and

my

thairfoir I can nocht so fear tliair boast nor tyrranny, that I

will cease

from doing

my

dewetie,

when

of his mercici

He

oftereth the occasioun,

I desyre the

hand nor weapone of no

;

man
it

to defend

me

onelie do I crave audience

whiche, yf

be denyed heir unto

me

at this tyme, I

must seak farther

wliare I

may

half

it.""

At

these his wordis,2 the Lordis war fullie content that he

;

should occupie the place

wdiich he did

upoun Sounday, the

10 [11th] of Junij, and did entreat of the ejectioun of the

byaris
it is

and the

sellaris furth of

the Tempill of Jerusalem, as

Avrittin

in the Evangelistis

Mathow and Johne

fact, to

and

so

applyed the corruptioun that was thair^ to the corruptioun

that
is

in the Papistrie

and Christis

the dewetie of
;

those to

whome God

geveth power and zeall thairto

that

alsweill the magistratis, the Provest

and

Bailies, as the

com-

j,"

tioun"

munaltie for the most parte, within the town,^ did aggrce to
1

OF SANCT"^.{^j DKOlS.

In MS. G, "qiUicn

Godof liismercie

ofloretli."

In .MS. G, " At these wordis, quhilk he spak;" in Vautr. edit. "At these wordcs, the Lordes."

^ In MS. G, and ^'autr. wlit. "that was then." * MS. G, has "the comonalty of the

town;" but the edit. words, "of the town."

1731i omits

the

350

THE HISTORY OF
all

Book

II.

remove

monumentis of

idolatrie, whiclie also

thay did with

expeditioun.

The Bischope advertisshed

Falkland.
choler,

lieirof,

departed that same day

is,

to the Queue, Avho lay with hir

Frenchmen, as said

in

The hote

furie of the Bischope did so kendill hir

(and yit the luif was verrie cold betuix thame,) that

without farder delay, conclusioun was taikin to invaid Sanctandrois,

and the two young Lordis

foirsaidis,^

who than war

thare verrie sklendarlie accumpanyed.

Postis Avar send from

distant onelie sex
victuallis

the Queue with

all

diligence to CoAA^oer,

myles from Sanctandrois, to prepair ludgeingis and

for the

Queue and hir Frenchemen. Ludgeingis war sygned, and furiouris2 war send befoir. Wliiche thing understand, counsale was gevin to the Lordis to marche fordward, and to
prevent thame hefoir thay came to Cowper
;

whiclie thay did,

geving advertisment
to repair towardis

to all

bretherin with possible expeditioun

;

thame

which e thay

also did, with suche

diligence, that in thair assemblie the

wonderous wark of Grod

myglit have bene espyed

to Cowper, thay

for

when

at nyglit the Lordis

came
and

war nocht a hundreth

day at 12
liouris,

horse,

and a certane
;

footmen,
COWPKR
JIURE.

whom Lord James

brocht fra the coast syde

yit befoir the nixt

(whiche was Tyisday, the

13 of Junij,) thair number passed three thowsand men, whiche

by Godis providence came unto the Lordis

the Lairdis of Ormestoun, Calder,

from Lowthiane,
Restalrig,

Haltoun,

and

Coilstoun,^ who, albeit thay understood at thair depairting

from thair awin houssis no suche

truble, yit

good counsale verrie confortable that day.

him.
^

war thay by thair The Lord RuthAvitli

ven came from Sanct Johnestoun, with some horsmen

The

Erie of Rothess, Schireff of Fyfle,

^

came with a

The Earl of Argyle, and Lord James

The persons here named, were John

Stewart.

Cockbui'u of Ormiston, John Sandilands

of Cakier, William Lauder of Halton, Robert Logan of Restab-ig, and George

fore,

In ]MS. G, " curriors were send beand lugeingis war assignit." In Vautr. edit. " Lodgings were assigned,
^

Brown

of Colstoun.

and furriers were," &c.

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

The townis
of

$51

honest cumpany.
claired
it

Dundic and Sanctandrois deCo\A7)er,

thame

selffis

boith stout and faithfulh

danger,

bceaus
force.

stoodc in greatest

assisted with the hole

it

Finallie,

as

God men had rayned from

did so multiplic our number, that

the cloodis.

appeared

The ennemy underselffis

standing nothing of our force, assured thame

of victorie.

Who had
Bischope.

bene in Falkland the nicht

befoir, niycht

have scne
*' AISTER

embrasing and kyssing betuix the Queue, the Duke, and the

Bot Maister Gavine Hammiltoun, gapare

of Sanctandrois,
;

for the

AVINE
Mill-

Bischoprik

above

all

other was lovinglie

".f^"

embrased of the Queue

lie

for

he maid his solempne vow, " That

till

wald feght, and that he should never returne

midnyght, did
selffis

he had

brought those traytouris to hir Grace, eyther quick or dead."

And

thus,
;

befoir

tliay

send fordward

tliair

ordinance

thame

did follow befoir three houris in the

morning.

The Lordis
airelie

heirof advertised, assembilled tliair

in the

morning upoun Cowper Mure

cumpany wliare by the

was
it

advise of Maister

James Halyburtoun, Provest

upoun
yit
all

of Bundle,
;

chosen a place of ground convenient for our defence

for

was

so chosen, that

sydis our ordinance mycht have

bett the enneniie,

and

bene persewed,

till

we have stand in saiftie,^ gif we had we had cumed to hand straikis. The Lord
to espy our

Ruthven tuik the charge of the horsmen, and ordered thame

so,

that the

ennemy was never permitted

the day was dark, whiche helpit thairto.

befoir
is

nomber The enemy, (as

said,)

thinking to have fundin no resistance, after

had twyis or tliryis practised with us, as that thay wald retyre, marched fordward with great expeditioun, and approched Avithiu a niylc befoir that evir tliair horsmen stayed
that thay
;

and yit thay kcipit betuix us and them a wattir for tliair It appeared to us that ather thay marched for strcn+h.
1

To

tlic

but now

all

west of the town of Cupar under tillage or planting.

"

In

MS. G, " yit wc

to

have standin

in saiftio."

352

THE HISTORY OP
or Sanctandrois
;

Book

II.

Cowper
troAvpe,

and

tliairfoir

our liorsmen in thare

marched somewhat alwayis

town
:

and a parte of the footemen, with the ordinance,^ befoir thame for safetie of the

The Lordis, with the gentilmen of Fjife, and sa many of Anguss and Mearnes as war present, keape thame selffis close in a knott, neye to the nomber of a thowsand speiris. The townis of Dundie and Sanctandrois war arra^^ed in ane
uther battell,
that efter
xij

who come nocht

to the sight of the

ennemy,

till

houris the mist began to evanish, and than

passed some of thair horsmen to a montane, from the height

whairof thay mycht discerne our nomber.

Whiche perceaved

by thame, thare horsmen and footemen stayed incontinent. Postis ran to the Duke and Monsieur Dosell, to declair our nomber, and what ordour we keaped and than was media;

touris send to

maik appointment.

But thay war nocht

fear.

suf-

fered to approche neye to the Lordis, neyther yit to the view

FIRST AN-

SWER AT COWPER
MURE.

of our

camp

whiche put thame in greatter

Answer
so

was

gevin unto thame, "

That as we had oifended no man,

wald we seak appointment of no

yf thay pleased to

man

hot yf any wald seak

us,

our lyves, (as we war informed thay did,) thay shovild find

mak

diligence."

This answer receaved, war

send agane the Lord Lyndesay and Laird of Wauchtoun,- Avho

earnestlie requeasted us to concord,

and that we wold nocht

be the occasioun that innocent bloode should be sched.

ANSUER.

We
man
con-

THE sEcuND ausuercd,

'

That nather had we querrall against any

nather yit sought

we any manis bloode

onelie

we war

veaned

for defence of

our awin lyves injustlie sought by uther."

We

added

forther, "

That yf thay culd find the meane that we

free

and our bretherin myglit be

against
us,

from the tyrranny devised

desyre nothing

that thay should

reasonabillie

whiche should be dcnyed

for our parte."

This ansuer receaved, the

Duke and Monsieur

*

Dosell, have-

MS. G omits "with the orcUuance."

Patrick Ilopbiu-n of Wauchton.

15.59.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

tlio

358

ing coiniuissiouii of

Queue

Rcg-ent, required that As.sur-

ance myclit be taikin for

ferent

eiglit dayis, to

the end that indiffinall

men

in the

meantyme micht commone upoun sum

tlian

aggrement of those thingis whiche

war

in controversie.

Heirto did we fullie consent, albeit that in nomber and force we war far superiour and for testiiicatioun heirof, we send unto thame our hand-writtis, and we lykewyis receaved thairis,
;

with promess that within two or three dayis some discreat

men
was

should be send unto us, to Sanctandrois, with farther

knawlege of the Qucnis mynd.

this
:

The tennour of the Assurance

The Assurance.
We, James Duke of Chattellerault, Erie of Arrane, Lord &c., and My Lord Dosell, Lievtenant for the King in thir partis, for our selffis, our assistaris and partakeris, being presentlie with us in cumpany, be the tennour
"

Hammiltoun,

heirof promittis faithfullie of honour to

My

Lordis Archibald

Erle of Ergyle, and James Commendatar of the Priorie OF Sanctandrois, to tliair assistaris and partakeris, being preThat we, and our cumpany sentlie with thame in cumpany
;

foirsaidis, shall reteir

incontinent to Falkland, and shall, with

diligence, tran.sport the

Frenchemen and our uther

folkis

now
soul-

presentlie with us

and that na Frencheman, or other

remane within the boundis of Fyfte, bot sa mony as befoir the raising of the last armye lay in Disart, Kirkcaldy, and Kinghorne, and the same to ly in the same
diouris of ouris, shall

places onelie, yf

we

shall

think goode

And

this to

have

effect for the space of eiglit dayis following the dait heirof

exclusive, that in the

meantyme

ccrtane Noble men, be the

advise of the Quenis Grace, and rest of the Counsale,

conveane to talk of sick thingis as

and quyetncs amongis the Quenis

nor nane of our
VOL.
I.

may may maik goode ordour And further, we, liegis.

u.s,

assistaris,

being present with

z

shall invade,

54

THE HISTORY OF

Book

II.

truble, or inquyet the saidis Lordis, nor tliair assistaris, dure-

ing the said space

And

this

we bind and
to observe

obleise us,

upoun

our

lautie, fidelitie,

and honour,

and keape

in everie

point above writtin, but fraude or gyle.

In witnes whairof we

have subscrivit thir presentis

witli our handis.

"At

Garlabank,! the

xiij daij

of Junii 155.9.

c^. vG/Z^^
The uther suhscriptioun we culd
nocht
7'ead, hot the

}yyi^6^

simile is

this,

^'

eiicni^
1

Tlie

the

MSS. and name of this

printed copies give

place variously, as

original paper before

is

him

although

it

possible he has failed in giving a mi-

Gartabank, Gartabanks, Garlebank, Tliis jjlace, of which Garlie Bank, &c. no other mention occurs in Scotish

nutely accurate fac-simile.

edit,

In Vautr.
;

the above words are retained

but

History,

may

be

called

a hill-farm,

instead of any fac-simile, the name is printed " Meneits." MSS. A, E, and

situated about a mile to the south of

W,
I,

and the " The in the parish.

Cupar

of Fife,

liighest

groimd
camps,

tliis

follow Vautrollier's edit, in copying unmeaning name, " Meneits ;" MS.

hostile

makes it "Menetis."
first

In MS.
is

L 2, only

(says the author of the Stat. Accoimt

of that parish,
in

the

half of the paper

transcribed.

1796,)

were only
. . .

In MS. G, a diiferent reading appears,

The separated by the river Eden. principal men in both armies repaired
to the highest eminence of the Garlie Bank, a spot known by the name of the Howht, or Old IlUl, and which commanded a full view of the whole plain, wherein the troops were now drawn up in order of battle, and there adjusted

any exJames Ducke. L. L. Ennen J." The above Assurance, which is only known to have been preserved by Knox,
the
given, without

names being

planation,

"

has been often reprinted.

for instance,
(Hist. vol.
i.

Calderwood,
p. 463,) in-

cludes

it,

and evidently upon conjecture

and signed that

161.)
-

truce," &c. (vol. xvii. p.

he gives the signatures as

"James Puke.

The uther subscriptioun," &c., evidently shows that Knox's amanuensis must have had the
This

memorandum,

"

L. Lieutenant etc." have tried the sagacity of many

skilful

persons of the present day, to

1559.

THE REFORMATION
this receaved,

IN SCOTLAND.
first,

355

And,
lawding-

we departed
Duke, and

to reqiieasted be the

so

becaus we war tliairwe returned to Cowper,

and thairThe Lordis, and a great part of the gentilmen, passed to Sanctandrois, who thair abode certane dayis, still looking for those that war promessed to come frome the Queue, for appointment to be maid. Bot we perceaving hir craft and disceat, (for under

and

praising-

God

for his mercie

schewed

efter everie

man

departed to his duelling place.

that assurance sche

hir ordinance,

ment nothing

ellis,

bot to convey hir

selff,

and Frenche men, over the wattir of Forth,)

took consultatioun what should be done^ for delivering of

Sanct Johncstoun from these ungodlie soldiouris, and

how

our bretherin, exiled from thair awin housses, mycht be restored agane.
It
'^"^ "'^

was concluded, that the bretherin of

Fyffc,

Anguss,

LiVEKANrr:

Mearnis, and Stratherin, should convene at Sanct Johnestoim,

OF SANCT
^InvKi^

the 24 day of Junij for that purpoise

and

in the

war these

letteris

writtin be the Erie of Ergylc

meantyme, and Lord

James, to the Queue than Regent.

Monsieur Ruber, Keipar of the Grete Seill of Scotlaude," &c. Further, in Ansclme's " Histoire
partis of Scotland;

decipJier the

fac-simile

and

think
is,

the only
that since

plausible
it

interpretation

must necessarily have been

it may be the ininame, joined with his title

D'Oysel's signature,
tials of his

Genealogique,"

&c.,

vol.

iv.

p.

334,

among

the Peers of France,

the ac-

as

Locum

tenens, or

Lieutenant of Henry

the Second,

King of France.

For

this

count of Gaspard dc Schomberg, we find that his wife was " Jeanne Chasteigncir,"

explanation I

am

indebted to John
;

Riddell, Esq., Advocate

accompanied

with notices of a contract, dated Edinburgh, ]\[arch 1556, between George

Lord Seyton and some of Ids connexions, which begins, " We IVLveie be the Grace of God Qucnc Dowerar, and Regent of Scotland, being ripUe and at lenth advisit wyth oiu- doir cousingis and counsalaris Loiiu Henry Clewtyne, Lord \ ile Pareise, Doysel and Sanct Augnen, Lieutenant General to tlic
ivingis

whom he married 15th July She sui'vived till the 83d year of her age, in 1G22, and is described as " Veuve d' Hknry D'Oysel's widow Clutin, Seigneur de Villepakisis, D'Oysel et de S. Aignan au Mahie, Vice Roy en Escoce depuis Ambassadeur pour Ic Roy Charles IX. a Rome, et fille de Jean Chasteignicr 111. du nom, Seigneur de le Rochcposay,"
1573.
:

&c.
'

In

MS. G,

the words " what sludd

Majestie

of

France,

in

thir

be done," are oniittdl.

356
LKTTERI3

THE HISTORY OP
Madame,

Book

IT.

"

THE QUENE
O

Efter

our

liartlie

coinmendationis of service,
tliat

REGENT.

this slialbe to scliaw

your Grace,

upouii the 13 clay of

Junij,

we war informed by thame

that

war communeris beus, that

tuix

my

Lord Duke, Monsieur Dosell, and

for the
all

have spoken irreverentlie of your Grace,

your Grace,
trew service that
Ave
;

we should whiche we beseik

have maid, and ar

that of your goodnes

reddy to maik at

tymes

to

your Grace

ye

will lat us

knaw

the sayeris thairof, and

we

shall do the
;

dewetie of trew subjectis to defend our awin innocencie

as

we tak God

to witnes of the gud zeale and love

we

beir

towardis yow, to serve

yow with trew

hartis

and

all

that

we

have, alsweill landis as goodis, desyring na uther thing for

our service hot the libertie of our conscience, to serve our

Lord God as we

will ansuer to him,

whiche your Grace audit

Mairover, please

and should geve

your Grace, that

to

us frelie unrequired.

my

Lord Duik, and the Noble men being

in Striveling for the tyme, be your Gracis avise, solisted us to

pass to the Congregatioun convened at the town of Perth, to

commoun
brocht
that
it

of concord, whair

we did our exact

diligence,

and

to pas, as your Grace knawis.

is

And

thair

is

a point
that na

we plane

nocht observed to us, whiche

after

is,

soldiour should
ing.

remane in the town,

it

your Grace departit

And
yit,

suppois

may

be inferred, that

was spokin of

Frenche soldiouris

allanerlie, yit

we

tuik

it

utherwais, lyik as

we do

that Scottishmen, or any uther natioun, takand

the King of Francis waiges, ar repute and haldin Frenche

soldiouris.

Thairfoir, sen

we

of good will

and mynde brocht

it

that matter to your Gracis contentment,

will please

your
thair

Grace, of your goodnes, to remove the soldiouris

Capitanes, with utheris that
that the same
befoir,
lies

and
as

gottin charge of the town,

frelie,
it

may

be guyded and reuUed

was

be the Baillies and Counsale, conforme to thair

infeft-

mentis gevin to thame be the ancient and maist excellent

Kingis of this realme, to elect and cheise thair
officiaris at

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

367
jeir,
;

Michelmess, and thai to indurc for the space of one

conforme to the auld ryte and consuetude of this realme

Avhiche being done be your Grace,

we

traist

the better suc-

cess sliall follow thairupoun to your

Grace contentatioun,! as
;

the bearar

Avill

declair at mair lenth to your Grace

whome

God

presei-ve."

To Sanct Johnestoun, with the Gentilmen

quhar,^ and diverse utheris

befoir expressed,

did conveane the Erie of Menteath,^ the Lard of Glenur-

who

befoir

had nocht presented

thame

selffis

for defence of thair bretherin.

When

the hole

multitude was conveaned, a trumpet was send by the Lordis,

commanding the Capitanes and

town, and to leave
tantis of the
it
;

thair

bandis to avoid the

to the ancient libertie

same

alsua

and just inhabicommanding the Laird of Killand maik the same

effect,

faunes,^ insett Provest be the Queue, with the Capitanes foirsaidis, to cast

up the

portis of the town,

liegis, to

patent to

all

our Soveraneis

the

that alsweill

trew rcligioim

now

aneis begun thairin

may

be maynteaned,

and
joise

idolatrie utterlie suppressed; as alsua the said

town mycht
unoppressed

and brooke thair ancient lawis and

liberteis

by men of wear, according to thair old privilegis granted to thame be the ancient Princes of this realme, and conforme to the provisioun conteaned in the Contract of Mariage maid be the Nobilitie and Parliament of this realme with the King of
France,
beirand,

that
:

nane of our aid lawis nor

liberteis the srMj';'/^'^!.^^^

should be alterat

adding thairto, gif they

folishlie resisted,

and
'

thairin happined to

commit murther, that thay should

Drumlanrig,
till
*

^"^'^^

In

MS. G,

" contentment."

relict

of

William (Graham) 5th Earl of Mentcith, succeeded his father, John, 4th
*

Crichton of Sanquhar.
1587.

Edward Lord He survived

:

Earl,

who

Avas killed in a scuffle with

Sir Colin Campbell of Glcnurchy

the tutor of Appin, in October 1547. He married, while under age, the

see note 5,
*

page 253.
of Kinfauns, near
1,

John Chartcris

daughter

of

Sir

James

Douglas of

Perth: see notes

pages 337, 346.

358

THE HISTORY OF

Book

II.

To the whiche tliay ansuered and defend that town, according to thair promess maid to the Quene Regent." This answer receaved, preparatioun was maid for the seage and assault for amangis all it was concluded, that the town
be entreated as murtheraris.
prowdlie, " That thay wald keap
;

should be sett at

libertie, to

what dangeris soever

thair bodyis

should be exponed.

Wliill preparatioun

the Erie of Huntlie, the Lord Erskin, and

was in making, came Maister Johne

Bannatyne, Justice Clerk,^ requireing that the persute of the

coMMiTNINO AT

town shoidd be delayed.

To speak thame war appointed the

SANCT JOHNES TOUN.

Erie of Ergyle, Lord James, and Lord Ruthven, who, per-

ceaving in thame nothing but a drift of tyme, without any

assurance that the former wrangis should be redressed, gave unto thame schort and plane ansuer, " That thay wald noclit

delay thair purpoise ane hour

and

thairfoir willed

thame

to

certifie the Capitanes in the town, that gif by pryde and

foolishncs thay

wald keape the town, and in so doing slay any

of Huntlie displeased at this ansuer, departed,

of thair bretheiin, that thay should everie one dye as murtheraris."

The Erie

as hielie offended that he

culd nocht dress suchc ajiiDoint-

ment

as should have contented the

Quene and the

Preastis.
;

After thair departing, the town Avas agane summondit

hot

the Capitanes, suj)posing that na suddane persute should be

maid, and looking for releif to have bein send from the Quene,

abode in thair former opinioun.

And

so

upoun Setterday,

the 25 [24th] of Junij, at ten houris at nyclit,

commanded

the Lord Ruthven, who beseaged the west quarter, to schoote

the
first

voley

whiclie being done, the

town of Dvnidie did

the lyke, whose ordinance lay uj^oun the eist syde of the brig.

The Capitanes and

1

soldiouris within the town, perceaving that

Sir

John B.innatyne, or Bellen-

den, eldest son of

Thomas Bellenden
At

of

Auchinoul,

whom

he succeeded as Lord
this

time he was cmph^yed by the Queen Regent to negotiate between her and the Lords of the Congregation whom
;

Justice Clerk, 25th .June 1547.

he afterwards joined.

1559.

THE REFORMATION
war unable long
to
resist,

IN SCOTLAND.
required assurance
till

359
xij

thai

houris upoun
thair

tlie morne, promessing, "

That

gif or that hour

came unto tliame na

releaf frome the

Quene Regent,
We,

that thay wald rander the toAvn, providing that thay should

be suifered to departe the town with ensenzie displayed."

thrusting the bloode of no man, and seaking onlie the libertie

of our bretherin, condiscended to thair desyris, albeit that

we

myclit have executed against thame jugement without mercie, for that thay had refused our former favouris, and had slane

one of our bretherin, and hurt two in thair resistance

yit

;i

and

we

suffered

thame

freelie

to depart without

any forther

molestatioun.

The Town being delivered from thare thraldome, upoun Sounday the 26 [2oth] of Junij, thankis war gevin unto God
for his

great benefite receaved, and consultatioun was taikin what

was forder
of Murray
3

to be done.

In this meantyme, four 2 zealous men,

considdering

how

obstinat, prowde,
;

and

dispitefull the

Bischope

had bein befoir how he had thrcatned the town be

his soldiouris

'^"''' ''^'^'^" lay g'ood J in Skune,^ thouQ-ht S> O OPE OF that some ordour should be taikin with him and with that "ueray.

and

freindis, '

who

'

place, wliiche lay neir to the

town end.

The Lordis wrait

unto him,

(for

he lay 5 within two myles to Sanct Johnestoun,)

Episcopatus Moraviensis," printed for
the Bannatyne Club, by the
in-

1 -

In MS. G, " assistance." In Vautr. edit. " foui' " omitted.

Duke

of

Patrick Hepburn,

whom Knox
(see

Sutherland.

Edinb. 1837, 4to.

troduces in an earlier part of his History, as Prior of St. 41,)

*MS. G.

has,

"iathe Abbay of Scone."

Andrews,

page

This Monastery of Canon-Regulars of

St. Augustine, situated about a mile above Perth, was founded by Iiing Alexander the Fii'st, in the year 1114. It was long used as a Royal residence and the famous Stone, or Chair of Coronation, having been brought to Scone at

in 1535

was advanced to the See of Moray and at the same time he held the Abbacy of Scone in perpetual Commendam. In all his assedations or leases of lands, as Keith makes mention,
;

the Bishop of Moray, until his death,

title

20th Jime 1573, employed his additional of " Monasterii de Scone Commendatarius perpetuus." Various charters,

a remote period,
centuries to

it

continued for several

showing

his alienation of the

tlie

lands, will be seen in

"

Church Registrum

be the place where our Kings were accustomed to be crowned, ^ In MS. G, " lay in the said Abbay,
nuliilk wa. within."

360

THE HISTORY OF
oneles he wald

Book

II.

"That
"

cum and

assist

thame, thay nather

culd spair nor save his place."

He

ansuered be his writing,

;

That he wold cum, and wold do as thay thoght expedient

that he wold assist

thame with

his force,

and wald vote with

Bot

thame against the

rest of the Clargie in Parliament."

becaus this ansuer was slaw in cuming, the town of Dundie,

partelie offended for the slauchter of thair

man, and

especiallie

bearing no goode favour to the said Bischope, for that he was

and

is

cheif

ennemy

to Christ Jesus,

and that by his counto death, thay

sale alone

was Walter Mylne our brother put

marched fordward.

To stay thame was

first

send the Provest

of Dundie, and his brother Alexander Halyburtoun, Capitane,

who

litill

prevaling,

was send unto thame Johne Knox

bot

befoir his cuming,

thay war entered to the pulling down of

the ydollis and dortour.

And

albeit the said Maister

James

Halyburtoun, Alexander his brother, and the said Johne, did

what
yit
foir

in

thame lay

to

have stayed the furie of the multitude,

to put ordour universalie
;

war thay nocht able

all

and thar-

thay send for the Lordis, Erie of Ergyle, and Lord James,
diligence, laboured to

who, cuming with

THE UTSTEUCTIOUN
OF SCONE.

have saved the

Palace and the Kirk.

Bot becaus the multitude had fundin,

bureid in the Kirk, a great number of idoUis, hid of purpose

to

have preserved thame to a bettir day,

(as the

Papistis

speak,) the

townis of Dundie and Sanct Johnestoun culd

till

nocht be

satisfeit,

that the hole reparatioun and ornait,)

mentis of the Churche, (as thay terme

yit did the Lordis so travell, that

war

distroyed.

And

thay saved the Bischopis

:

Palace, with the Churche

and

place, for that nicht

for the

two Lordis did nocht depart

hole

till

thay brocht with thame the

plesour.

nomber of those that most sought the Bischopis disThe Bischope, greatlie offended that any thing

should have bein interprised in Reformatioun of his place,

asked of the Lordis his band and hand-writ ting, whiche nocht

two houris befoir he had send to thame.

Whiche delivered

to

U59.
liis

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

301

messinger, Sir

Adamc

Brown,l advertisment was gevin,

that

yf any farder displcsour chanced unto him, that he

shoukl nocht blame thame.

The Bischopis

servandis, that

same nycht, began

violence to

and began to do some that war careing away suchc baggage as thay culd cum by. The Bischopis girnell was keapt the first nycht
to fortifie the place agane,

by the laubouris of Johne Knox, who, by exhortatioun,

re-

moved suche as violentlie wald have maid irniptioun. same nycht departed from Sanct Johnestoun the Erie
gyle,

That
of Er-

and Lord James,

as efter shalbe declaired.

The morrow
the said
offended,

following,
'

some of the poore,

in

houp of
^

spoyle, the cAug to eurmno

OF SCONE.

and sum of Dundie,

to considder
;

what was done, passed up i

and, as

Abbay
began

of Scone

whairat the Bischoj)is servandis

to threattene

and speak proudlie

it

was constantlie affcrmed, one of the Bischopis

ing in at the girnell door.

sonis stogged

throuch with a rajjper one of Dundie, for becaus he was lookThis brute 2 noysed abrode, the
befoir,

town of Dundie

Avas

more enraged than

word

who, putting

thame

selffis

in armour, send

to the inhabitantis of Sanct

Johnestoun, " That onles thay should supporte thame to avenge

that injurie, that thai should never after that day concur Avith

tliame in any actioun."

the

alanne,^ and so was that

;

The multitud easelie inflambed, gave Abbay and Palace appointit

wharat no

to saccage

in doing whairof thay took no lang deliberatioun,

;

bot committed the hole to the merciment of fyre

nomber of us war offended, that patientlie we culd nocht speak till any that war of Dundie or Sanct Johnestoun. A poore aged matrone, seing the flambe of fyre pas up sa michtelie, and perceaving that many Avar thairat offended, in plane and sober maner of speaking, said, " Now I see and understand that Goddis judgementis ar just, and that no man
small

speaking
ancient
^^JJ^^

^^^

"'k-'"^^<^-

MS. G, omits

" Sir" before the

Tliis title

name

'

In

of

Adam Brown.
been

indicates

In the

MS. G, " The brute hcirof." MS. " alarniczand."

his liaving

in priest's orders.

362
is

THE HISTORY OF
lie

Book
Since

II.

able to save whare

will piinische.

my rememwyifes hath
beastis

brance, this place batli bein nothing ellis hot a

den of hoore-

mongaris.

It is incredible to beleve

how many

bein adulterat, and virginis deflored, by the

filthie

whiche hath bein fostered in this den

hot especiallie by that

wicked

man who
I,

is

called the Bischope.

;

alsmuche as
offended."

thay wald praise God

men knew and no man wald be

Yf

all

This

woman

duelt into the toun, neye unto the

;

Abbay
hir,

at
it

whose wordis war many pacifeid

affirming with
assuredlie,

that

was Goddis just judgement.

And

yf

the laubouris or travell of any

place,
it

man

culd have
;i

saved that
for

had nocht bein

at that

tyme destroyed
all

men
for

of

greattest
savetie of
Wliill

estimatioun lawboured with

it.

diligence

the

these

thingis

war done

at

Sanct Johnestoun, the

Queue, fearing what should follow, determinat to send certane

bandis of Frenche soldiouris to Striveling, for purpose to stop
the passage to us that than war upoun the north syde of
THE TAKING OF
sTRiTiLiNG.

Forth.
jr^j-^;^(3g

Wliiche understand, the Erie of Ergyle and Lord

departed secreatlie upoun the nycht, and with great

expeditioun, preventing the Frenchemen, thay took the town,

(befoir

whose cuming the rascheall multitude put handis in

wharat the Queue and hir factioun nocht a
from Edinburgh to

the thevis, I should say, frearis places and utterlie distroyed

thame
bar.

;)

litill

affrayed, with all diligence departed

Dum-

And

so

we with

reasonable diligence merched fordwart

to Edinburgh, for Reformatioun to be

LORD SEYTOUK.

maid

thair,

whare we

arrived the 29 of Junii.

The Provest

for that

tvme, the Lord

Seytoun, a
^

man

without God, without honestie, and oftenTuysday

of Junij
efter

Knox
Abbey

in this place not only dis-

claims any share in the destruction of

the
;

1560

Midsomer day, the 27th zeii-is ;" and the same

" the Reformation of

but he expressly states ho

its

authority says,

exerted himself for

preservation.

the Charter House and Freii-is beside

According to "The Chronicle of Perth," the burning of Scone, took place " on

Perth," was on the 10th of

(pp. 2, 3. Edinb. 1831, 4to.)

May

1560,

1551).

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

363

tymes witliout rcasonc, had befoir grcatlie trubled and molested the hretheriii
;

for

he had taikin upoun him the pro-

tectioun and defence of the Blak and

Gray Frearis

and

for

that pinpose did nocht onelie lye him self in the one everie
nicht,

hot also constraned the most honest of the town to

Avache those monstoiiris, to tliair great greaf and tmhle,

Bot
''"''

hearing of our suddane cuming, he abandoned his chara'e, and

left

cumino

the spoile to the poore,

who had maid havock

Avallis,

of

all

suche

xioun'tL'^"

thingis as

was movable

in those placis befoir our cuming,

and

F.DINBUEGH.

had
or

left

nothing bot bair

;

yea, nocht sa

muche

as door

windok

wharthrow we war the

less trubilled in putting

ordour to suche places.

After that certane dayis

we had

deliberat

what was
all

to

be

done, and that ordour was tackin for suppressing of

monuto

mcntis of idolatrie within that town, and the places nixt

adjacent, determinatioun was taikin, to send

some message l

the Queue, than Regent

for sche

had bruted,
is,

(as hir accus-

tomed manor was, and

that
fropi the lawfull

yit hir Dochteris

ever to forge lyes,)

we sought nothing

bot hir lyef, and a plane rcvoltment

obedience

dew

to our Soverane, hir authoritie,

as

by the tennour
"

of tlicse Lettcris

may

be sene

Frances and Marie, be the Grace of God, King and Queue

Daulphine and Dauljihines of Viennois, to our Lyoun King of Amies, &c., our Schireffis in that jjarte, conjunctlie and severallie, sjiecialie constitute, greting For sa mekle as our darrest moder Marie, Queue Dowager, Regent
of Scottis,
lovittis,
:

of our Realme,

and Lordis of our Secreat Counsale, perceaving

liegis,

the seditious tumult rased be ane parte of our

tliame
selffis

nameing
rcli-

The Congregatioun, who, under

thame
selffis

pretense of

gioun, have putt

in

amies

;^

and that

hir Grace,

for satisfeing of everie nianis conscience,

and pacifeing of the

Vautr.

111

MS. G,

" messingers."

Vaiitr.

In

MS. G, "in armour."

" in arnics."

edit, lias

" message."

edit, lias

3fi4

THE HISTORY OF
had

Book

II.

saidis trubles,

offerred unto tliame to affix ane Parlia-

ment

to be lialdin in

Januare nixt to cum,

offerred,

(this

was a mani-

fest leye, for this

was nether
it,)

nor by

hir aneis thought

upoun,

till

we

required

or sonnar, gyf thay

had pleased,
reli;i

for establissing of

ane universall ordour in matteris of

Estatis of our

gioun, be our advise and

Realme

and, in the

meantyme,

to suffer everie

man to

leaf at libertie of conscience,

without truble, unto the tyme the said ordour war tackin be
advise of our foirsaid [Estates.^]

And

at last, becaus

it

ap-

peared mekle to stand upoun our burght of Edinburght,

offerred in lyke

manor

to latt the inhabitantis thairof chease

what manor of

religioun thai wald sett

up and use

for that

tyme

swa that na man mycht alledge that he was forsed

:

to

do against his conscience

Quhilk
all

offer

the Quenis Grace,

is,

our said darrest Moder, was at

fulfill,

tymes, and yit

ready to

Nochttheles, the said Congregatioun being of

offerris,

mynd

to

receave no reasonable
declaired, that
it

lies

sensyne,

by oppin dead,

is

na

religioun, nor

any thing thairto perin manifest wit-

teaning, that thai seak, bot

authoritie,

onelie the subversioun of our

;

and usurj)atioun of our Crown

nessing whairof, thay daylie receave Inglismen with messagis

unto thame, and sendis siclyk in Ingland

and

last of all,

have

violentlie intrometted with,

taikin,
is

and

yit withhaldis

the irnis of our Cunzee hous,^ quhilk

pointis that concernis our

ane of the cheife

lies

Crown

and siclyke
Oure

intrometted
&c.,

with our Palice of Halirudhouse.

will is heirfoir,

that ye pas to the Mercat Croce of our said burght of Edin-

burght, or any uther publict place within the same, and thair,

be oppin i3roclamatioun in our name and authoritie, command

and charge
^

all

and

sindrie personis of the said Congregatioun,

In Vautr.

edit. " of our religion." " Estates " omitted in the orig. MS.,
edit.

"

Vautr.

edit, reads,

" have violently

intermitted withtaken, and yet with-

and supplied from Yautr.

" Statis" in

It is

holdes the irones of our counsell house:"

see subsequent note.

MS.

G.

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

3 60

or jit being presentlie within our said burg-ht other than the
inliabitantis thairof, that thay, within sex houris nixt efter

our said charge, depart furth of the same under the pane of
treasone
;

and

als, tliat

ye

command and

charge

all

and sindrie
;

personis to leave tliair cumpany, and adhear to our authoritie

with certificatioun to suche as do the contrare, shalbe repute

and

lialdin as manifest traytouris to our

Crowne, &c."

These

letteris
;

did nocht a

litill

greave

us,

who most
for

injustlie

war accused

for thare is

never a sentence of the narrative

irnes,

trew, except that

we stayed the

and that

most just

causses, to witt, because that daylie thair

was suche nomber

of Hard-headis printed,! that the basenes thairof

thingis exceiding dear
;

maid

all

and

thairfoir

we

Avar counsaled

by the
tackin.

Avysest to stay the irnes,^ Avhill farther ordour

Sclie,
Avitli

mycht be
for

all

possible

diligence,

posted

hir

factioun.

Maister James Balfour was nocht ydill in the meantyme.

The

Lordis, to purge thame of these odious crymes, wrait unto hir

letter, in

forme as efter followeth

"

Pleas your Grace, be

advertist,

it is

cum

that your Grace hath sett furth, be your

THE THRTD to our knowlege, lkttf.r to THE QUENK letteris openelie pro- EKCEifT.
.

clamed that we, called by name The Congregatioun, under pretence and colour of religioun, convene togidder to na uther
purpose bot to usurpe our Soveraneis authoritie, and to invaid

your persone representand thairis at this present

thingis
appeiris to have proceidit

Quhilkis

of sinister

informatioun,

maid
never

to

your Grace be our ennemeis, considdering that we

sic thing,

mynded
to

bot onelie our

mynd and

purpose was

and
^

is

promote and

sett furth

the glorie of God, maynteane

quent note of the coins here mentioned, which were in ordinary circulation,
^

111

MS. G, " numbers of Lions

Ilavdlioids)

(alias
is,

called

prcntcd

;"

that

a particular kind of coin struck. Some explanation will bo given in a subse-

Irons, or instruments

made use

of

in coining

money.

366

THE HISTORY OP
trcvv preacharis of liis

Book

II.

and defend the

whiclie

word

and according to

the same, abolish and put

away

idolatrie

and

false

abuses,
:

may

nocht stand with the said word of

God

Be-

seaking your Grace to bear patientlie thairwith, and inter-

pone your authoritie to the furtherance of the same, as

dewetie of everie Christiane Prince and good magistrat.

is

the

For

as to the obedience of our Soveraneis authoritie in all civile

and

politick matteris,

we

ar

and shalbe

als

obedient as ony
;

uther your Gracis subjectis within the realme

and that our

Conventioun
ouris

is

for

na uther purpose bot

to save our preache-

and

tliair

auditouris fra the injurie

and violence of our

enymeis, quliilk should be mair amjilie declaired be some of us in your Gracis presence, yf

yow war nocht accumpanyed

to have your Hienes in his

with such as
Thus,

lies

persewit our lyves and sought our bloode.

we pray Almyghtie God

eternall tuitioun.

"At

Edinburght, the secund of Julij 1559."

And
that

for farther

purgatioun heirof,

it

was thocht necessar

liir

we should

sempillie expone, alsweill to

Grace as to

the hole people, what war our requeastis and just petitionis.

And

for that purj)oise, after that salf

conduct Avas purchessed

and granted, we directed unto

sale, to witt,

hir two grave

men

of our coun-

the Lardis of Pittarrow and Cuninghamheid,! to

whame we
all

gaif commissioun

and power,
to witt.

First,

To expone our

hole j)ur25ose and intent, whiche was none other than befoir at

tymes we had required,

That we mycht injoy the

libertie of conscience.

Secundlie, [That] Christ Jesus

mycht

be trewlie preached, and his holie Sacramentis rychtlie ministrat

unto

us.

[Thirdly,] That

unable ministeris micht be

August 1560
;

liaiu

John AVisliart of Pittaro, and WilCunningham of Cunninghamhead,

Ayrshire.
latter, it

and that

his

name

occui's

in the proceedings of the General As-

in the parish of Drcghoru,

sembly, June 1565, and August 1570.

Respecting the
tioued, that

may

be men-

(Booke of the Universall Kirk,

pp. 38, 60, 200.)

vol.

i.

he sat in the Parliament,

1559.

THE REFORMATION
ecclcsiasticall

IN SCOTLAND.

367

removed from

administration n

and that our

preaclieouris myclit Le rclaxit from the

home, and permitted

to execut thair chargis without molcstatioun, unto such

tyme

as ather

by a Generall Counsale,
And,

lauclifullie

convened, or by a

Parliament within the reahne, the contraverseis in religioun

wer decided.
willing-,

for declaratioun that hir

Grace was heirto

that the bandis^ of Frenche men,

who than war

burthein untollerable to the cuntrey, and to us so

that

fearful!,

we

durst noclit in peaciable and quiet

manor hant the

places whare thay did lye, should be send to France, thair

native cuntrey

Wliiche thingis granted, hir Grace should have

experience of our accustomed obedience.

To these headis sche did answer

all

at the first so plesandlie,

full

that sche put boith our Commissioneris in

esperance that

should be granted

and

for that purpose, sche desyi'od to

speak with sum of greatter authoritie, promesing, that yf thay

wald assure hir of thair detfull ^ obedience, that sche wald deny nothing of that whiche was required. For satisfactioun of hir

mynd, we send agane the Erie of Glencarne, the Lord Ruthven, the Lord Uchiltrie, and the said Lard of Pittarrow, with
the same commissioun as of befoir.
handill the matter

Bot than sche began to

compleaning that sche was
in

xynes^of
RKav^NT"^"*

more

craftelie,
;

nocht sought in a gentill maner

and that thay

whome

sche de

espyed,

had put niaist singular confidence, had left hir in hir greattest neid and suchc uther thingis, perteaning nothing to thair comThai missioun, proponed sche, to spend and dryve the tyme.
;

answered, " That, by injust tyranny devised aganis tliame and

thair bretherin, (as hir Grace did weill know,) thay

war comthat hir

pelled to seak the extreme remedie

and

thairfoir,

Grace audit nocht to wonder thocht godlie

men

left

the cum-

In the pany whare thai nether fand fidelitie nor trcuth." Julij 1559, end of this communing, whiche was the xij day of
In the

'

MS.

" bonds."

''

In

MS. G,

" dutit'uU ;" in \'autr.

eilit.

" dutiefull."

368
sclie

THE HISTORY OF

Book

II.

desjred to have talked privelie with the Erie of Ergyle,

"

and Lord James, Priour of Sanctandrois,

For

ellis,

(as sche

alledged,) sche culd nocht hot suspect that thai pretendit to

some
AccusA-

utlier hiear

purpose nor religioun."

Sche and hir

craftie

Counsale had abuesd the Duke, perswaiding unto him, and

yjj^Q
]-^jg

freihdis,

that the saidis Erie and Priour had con-

spjred,
itie,

first

to deprive our

Soverane hir dochter of hir author-

Duke and his successioun of thair By these invented lyes, sche Scotland. Crown of the titill to inflambed the hartis of many against us, in so muche that some of our awin number began to murmur wliiche perand
thairefter

the

ceaved, alsweall the preacheouris, in thair publict sennonis, as

we our
and

selffis,

satisfactioun to the people, planelie

by our publict proclamationis, gave purgatioun and simplie declairing

to witnes, that
injustlie

what was our purpose, tacking God

to

no suche

crymes ever entered in our hartis as most

our charge.

was layed
thocht

The Counsale,

efter

consultatioun,

nocht expedient that the saidis Erie and Priour should talk

with the Queue in ony sort

for hir

former practises put

all

some deceat lurked under suche colorat commoning. Sche had befoir said. That yf sche culd by any meane sunder those two from the rest, sche was assured
in suspitioun, that

men

schortlie to

cum by

hir hole purj)ose

and one of hir cheaf

two should leaf

Counsale in those dayis, (and we fear bot over inward with

hir yit,) said, " That or Michelmess day, thay thair headis
;"

and

thairfoir all

men

feared to committ two

fidelitie.

suche young plantis to hir mercie and

foir, finallie

It was, thair-

denyed that thai should talk [with] the Queue, or

ony

to hir apperteaning, bot in places void of all suspitioun,

wliare thay should be equall in

nomber with those that should

talk [with] thame.

The Queue perceaving that hir craft culd nocht prevaill, was content that the Duke's Grace and the Erie of Huntlie,
with utheris by hir appointed, should convene at Prestoun, to

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

[with] the saidis Erie

309

commone

and

Prlour,

and suche utheris

as the Lordis of the Congregatioun wald appoint, to the noni-

ber of anc hundrcth on the sydo, of the whichc nomber aucht

personis onelie shouhl mcit for conference.
for thair partie war, the

The

principallis

Duke, the Erie Huntlie, the Lordis

directed the Erlis of Ergyle

ji"^>^[^^"'^t i"!"^"^^^-

Erskin and Somervell, Maister Gavine Hammiltoun, and the

Justice Clerk.l

From us war

and

Glencarne, the Lordis Ruthven, Lord James, Boyd, and Uchiltrie,

the Lairdis

Dun and

Pittarrow,

who, conveaning at

Prestoun, spak the hole day without any certane conclusioun

For

this

was the practise of the Queue, and of hir

fiictioun,

by

dryft of

tyme

to

weary our cumpany, who,

feildis

for the

most
In

parte,

had bein upoun the

from the tent day of Maij,

to hir purpose.
;

that

we being

dispersed, sche

mycht cum

whiche sche was nocht altogidder deceaved

for

our commonis
gentil-

war compelled to

skaill for lack of expenssis,

and our

men, partelie constraned be lack of furnessing, and partlie

houping sum small appointment, after so
posing of thame

many communingis,

returned for the most parte to thair duelling places, for reselffis.

The Queue,

in all

these conventionis,

seamed that sche

^," nd^'op

wald geve libertie to religioun, provided, " That wharesoever gent^and

sche was, our Preacheouris sould cease, and the Masse sould the
pro-

be maynteaned."
" That
as we we nocht

We

TKSTANTI;'.

perceaving hir malitious

craft,

ansuered,
so

Avald

compell hir Grace to no religioun,

could

of conscience, for the plcasur of any earthlie

silence
to

creature,

put
suifer

Godis

trew

messingeris

nather

culd

we

that the lycht administratioun of Christis

trew

sacramentis

should

gif

place

to

manifest

idolatrie

for in so doing,

we should

declair ourselfRs ennemeis to God,

to Christ Jesus his Sone, to his ctcrnall veritie,

libertie

and

to the
;

and establishment of

his

Churche within
see note

this realme

Sir

John Bellenden of Auchinoul, Justice-Clerk

1,

page 358.

VOL.

I.

2 A

370
for
tlie

THE HISTORY OF

Book

II.

your requeist being granted, there can no Kirk witliin

same be
samin."

so

establesbit

bot at your pleasour, and by

tliare

your residence
tlie

and remaning

ye

myclit

overtliraw

This our last answer

we send unto
;

hir with

the Lord Ruthven and Laird of Pittarrow

requiring of hir

Grace, in plane wordis, to signifie unto us what houpe

niyclit

we

have of hir favouris toward the outsetting of religioun.

We

also required that sche

war a

fear to us,

wald remove hir Frenchemen, who and a hurthein most grevouse to our cuntrey

And

that sche wald promess to us, in the

that sche Avald procure no

mo

to

word of a Prince, be send in and than should

;

we nocht
THE LAST
OFFEERIS or THE PRO TESTANTIS TO THE

onelie support, to the uttermost of our poweris, to

furnish schippis

and

victuallis for thair transporting, bot also,

upoun our honouris, should we tak hir body in our protectioun and should promess, in the presence of God and the
;

QUENE
REGENT.

hole realm e, to serve our Soverane hir Dochter, and hir Grace

Regent,

als

faithfullie
:

and

als

obedientlie as ever

we did
cans our
till

Kingis within Scotland

That, moreover,

we should

Preacheouris geve reasone of thair doctrin in hir audience,

any that pleased

taught
full
:

till

impugne any thing that thay did or

Finallie, that

we should submit our

selffis

to a laucht-

Parliament, provided that the Bisclioppis, as the party

accused,

and our plane ennemeis, should be removed from

directlie

judgement.

To no point wald sche answer

to all men.

bot in

all

thingis

sche was so generall and so ambigua, that hir craft appeared

Sche had gottin assured knowlege that our cumskailled,

(for liir

pany was
us,

Frenchemen war daylie amongis

mynde, and
said,
:

without

molestatioun or hurt done unto thame,) and

thairfoir sche
THE
scoF-

began to
lies

discloise hir

"

The

Congregatioun
selff

roung these two monethis bypast

me my

EEGENT^^^

wald ring now other two."

The malice of

hir hart being

planelie

perceaved, deliberatioun was had what was to be

done.

It

was concluded, that the

Lordis, Barronis,

and

gentil-

1559.

THE REFORMATION
siibstantioiis

IN SCOTLAND.
slioukl

371

men, with tharc

Edinburgli
thair.
tliat

liouslioklis,

remanc

in

hole winter, for establissing of the Church i

it

And

becaus

was found, that by the

selff

coriiipting of
for

our money, the Queue maid to hir

immoderat gaines

maynteaning of hir
"^

soldiouris, to the distructioun of our haill ^n^ caus QUHY THE

'

commone
irnes,

weill,
all

it

was thocht necessar^ that the printing

^^^y^j,

and

for fear

thame perteaning, should be stayed, that sche should privelie caus transport thame to
thingis to
first,

Dumbar,
In this meantyme came the assured word,
that the
:

King
estait

of France
it

was

hurt,
'

and
for

after, '

that

he was dead

3 the

death

whiche, albeit

audit to have
:

j)ut hir in

mynd

of hir awin

OF HARY, NG OF ^^ FRANCK.

and wicked interprise

he that same tyme, in the

fulnes of his glorie,

(as sche hir self useth to speak,)

had
in

determined most crewell persecutioun aganis the Sanctis of

God

in France, evin as sche hir selff

:

was heir persecutand

all

Scotland

and

yit

he so perished in his pryde, that

men

mycht quhen

see that Godis just vengeance did stiyke him, evin

his iniquitie

was cumed

to full rypenes.

Albeit, (we

say,) that this

wonderouse wark of God in his suddane death,

fiirie,

audit to have dantoned hir

tioun, that the

and gevin unto

hir admoni-

same God culd

noclit suffer her obstinat malice

;

against his treutli long to be unpunished

yit culd hir indurat

hart nothing be
1

moved

to repentance

for

hearing the staying

edit,

G, "the Kirk." Vautr. has " the Church there." 2 In MS. G, " it was thought expediVautr. edit, is ent and necessarie." the same as the text, but omits " to

In MS.

wliich followed almost immediately after,

was occasioned

in a tournament held in honour of the marriage of Ms daughter with the lung of Spain. In jousting with the Count de Montgomery, a splinter

thame," before the word " pertaining." 3 A reference to the History of France
will
exi)lain

of

liis

lance inflicted a deep

left eye,

wound over

the King's

and

after lingering

Knox's

allusion to

the

for twelve days, he expired

treacherous conduct of Henry the Second, in the arrestment and execution

of two of Ids councillors

July 1559.

on the 10th His son the Dauphin, and

Scots,

husband of Mary Queen of

was

who had avow-

ed their attachment to the Protestant faith. The death of the French King,

only sixteen years of age when he succeeded to the throne, imder the name
of Francis the Second.

872

THE HISTORY OF

Book

II.

of the printing irnes, sclie raiged more outragiouslie than of

befoir,

and sending
That

for all siiche as

wer of hir

factionn, ex-

poned hir grevous complaint, aggredging the same with many

lyes, to wit, "

Ave

had declaired that whiche

ellis,

befoir sche

suspected

for

what culd wo meane

hot usurpatioun of

the

Crown, when we durst put handis to the Cunze-hous,

whiche was a portioun of the patrimony of the Crown."

farther alleged, " That

Sche

sowmes
letteris

of money.''

we had spoyled the Cunze-house of great To the whiche we ansuered, boith by our
hir Counsale,

send to

hir,

and

and by publict procla-

matioun to the people, that we, without usurpatioun of any

thing justlie perteaning to the Crown of Scotland, did stay

the printing. irnes, in consideratioun that the

was
that

greatlie hurt

by corrupting of

commone wealth our money and becaus

;

we war borne

counsalouris of this realme, sworne to pro-

cure the proffite of the same,

we

culd do no less of dewetie

and of conscience than

so abused, that oneles

detriment of

to stay that for a tyme, whiche we saw remedy war fundin, should turne to the the hole body of this realme. And as to hir fals

accusatioun of spuilzie,

we

did remit us to the conscience of

Maister Robert Richesone,! Maister of the Cunze-hous,

1 Mr. Robert Richardson, according to one of the most accurate of our Antiquarian Genealogists, " was de-

who

house Abbay, from that he henceforth

took his
State,
j).

title."

(Crawfurd's OiEcers of
name
occurs as one of
Treasurer's Acand as connected
of the

383.)

lent

scended of a stock of ancient and opuburgesses of Eduiburgh, where

Richardson's
the Auditors

they had long remained in reputation and respect ;" and he beuig " a person of
great wealth and credit, was upon the

counts, 1551, 1552;

with the Mint, in 1554-5.

As Clerk of

the Treasm-y, he rendered the Accounts

of the late Gilbert Earl of Cassillis on

fame of

liis

integrity preferred to the

Treasurer's place by the Queen Regent,

the 24th

March

1558-9, that

Nobleman

on the death of the Earl of Cassilis, anno 1558, and made also General of the Mint. When Mr. Richardson came
first to

having died in France, on the 14th

November 1558, (Register of Conf Testaments, Feb. 24, 1575,) and not on the
28th of that month, as stated at page 263. Richardson continued to officiate
in

the

office,

gengc de Edinburgh

he designs himself i>r; but soon after that,

having got the Commendatory of St. Mary Isle, which was a cell of Holyrood-

the

room

of the

High Treasm-er,
to the office

imtil his

own appointment

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

silver,

373

from our liandis receavcd

cunzeit as uncunzeit
;

gold,

and

mettall, alsweill

so that with us thair did nocht

remane

the valour of a bawbie.2

This our declaratioun and purgatioun

sche,

nochtwithstanding,

partelie

by

hir craft

and

policie,

and

partelie

hy the

lawbouris of the Bischopis of Sanctandrois and Glasgw, pro-

cured the hole nomber that war

us with
all

Avitli

hir to consent to persew

befoir that

creweltie

and expeditioun,

our cnmpany (whiche than was dispersed for

we culd half new furnessing)

assembled agane.

The

certantie lieirof cuniing to our knawlege,

2.5.

the Setterday at nycht, the

[22d] of

Julij,
;

we

did in what
it

us lay to gif advertisment to our bretherin

bot impossible

was that those of the West, Anguss, Mearnis, Stratherin, or

Fyeif,

in

any nonibcr culd come to us

for

the

ennemie

marched from Dumbar upoun the Sounday, and approched

within two myles of us befoir the sone-rysing upoun Monun-

day

for

thay verrelie sui)posed to have found no resistance,

Calling upoun

being assured that the Lordis onelie with ccrtane gentillmen

remaned, with thair privat housscs.

counsale in that stray tt,
5th IVIarch 1560-1.

God

for

we

soglit

what was the nixt

defence.

He

also held

more

than one lucrative ecclesiastical sitiiaOn the 10th February 1555-6, a tiou.
charter under the Great Seal, of the

ardson had " conquest a great estate." This is very evident, from the various
charters he had of lands in the counties of

lands of Nether Gogar, in the county of

Edinburgh, was granted to Mr. Robert On the Hichtirdson, Vicar of Eafurde. last of March 1558-9, he obtained a gift of the Priory of St. Mary's Isle of Trail, near Kirkcudbright (Reg. Seer. Sig.)
tliis

Edinburgh and East Lothian were ajjportioned to his sons, Sir James Richardson of Smcaton, and Sir Robei't Richardson of Pencaitland, Baronet sec Crawfurd, iit supra, and Scott's Staggering State,

and two

his estates

p. 27.
^

dignity entitled

him

to

sit

as a

bau-bee,

the vulgar

name
of

for

Lord and member of Parliament. At a later date, (in 1567,) we iind him styled Archdeacon of Teviotdalc. lie died in 1571 and William Lord Rutliven, on the 24tu June 1571, was appointed High Treasurer, the office being vacant by the death of the Commendator of St. Mary's Sir Jolm Scott says, that RichIsle.
:

halfpenny.

In

the

reign

Queen

Mary,

it

was

ccjuivalent to three pen-

nies Scotisli

money, but was afterwards

Tlic particular

raised to six pennies.

coins so designated, wore billon or copper,

and are described in Lindsay's " Coinage of Scotland," p. 183. Cork,

1844, 4to.

374

THE HISTORY OF
myclit have
left tlie

Book

II.

We

town, and mycht have reteired our

;

selffis

without any danger

hot than

we should have abanwas

so dolorous,

doned our bretherin of Edinburgh, and suifered the ministrie

thairof to have decayed, whiche to our hartis

that

we

thocht better to hasard the extreamitie than so to do.

For than the most parte of the town appeared rather to favour
us than the Quenis factioun
;

and did
for

offer

unto us the utter-

most of thair support, whiche

faithfuUie keap.

the most parte tliay did

keapit nocht the lyek

feild,

The same did the town of Leyth, bot thay for when we war upoun the fidelitie
;

marching fordward

for thair support,

(for the
selffis,

Frenche
without

tETTH LEFT THE

CONGREGATIOTTN.

marched neye

to thame,) thai randered

thame
as

ferther resistance.

And

this

thay

did,

was

suj)posed,

by

the treasone of some within

thame

selffis,

and by the per-

swasioun of the Lard of Restalrig,! who of befoir declaired

himselff to have bein one of us, and nochtwithstanding,^ that

day randered him selff undesyred to Monsieur Dosell. Thair unprovided and suddane defectioun astonished many and yit
;

we retyi'ed quyetlie to the syde of we tooke for resisting the ennemie.

In
the

Cragingatt,^ which jplace

meantyme,

diverse

mediatouris

passed

betuix,

amongis wliome the Lord Ruthven,

cipal!.

for our parte, Aves prin-

Alexander Erskin^ did muche

Leith,

travell to stay us

and

vicinity

Robert Logan of Restalrig, in the of Edinburgh, and parish of South Leith. This ancient family pos^

was

also

known by
as

that

name
dei.

although the Easter Road would better

suit

the

localities,

elsewhere

sessed considerable influence, fi'om their connexion with Leith, of which they held

scribed.

(Wodrow

Miscellany, vol.

pp. 65-67.)
* Better known as Sir Alexander Erskine of Gogar, fourth son of John

the superiority
^

as will be

more

fully

detailed in a subsequent note.

In MS. G, " and

This

yit,

notwithstand-

foiu-th

Lord Erskine.
;

He was born

ing."
2

name

is

of Craig-end gate.

probably a corruption The Calton Hill

Craigs,
Calton,

about the year 1521 and was Captain of the Castle of Edinburgh, under his
brother Lord Erskine, Earl of Mar,

who

was then known as the North and the street called the Low

became Regent of Scotland.

charge of
Stii-ling Castle,

After the

Regent's death, in 1572, he had the

the road leading from Edinbui-gh to

and the cus-

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

we should nocht joyne with thame
is,

375
of
to

our soldiouris, that

Leyth,
till

that thay, as said

had randered thame

selffis

the Frenche.

The

said Alexander did oft promese, That the

Frenehe wald

stay, provided that

these of Leyth.

Bot

efter that thai

we wold nocht joyne with war randerit, we hard

God had gevin unto
tliair

nothing of him bot threatning

Befoir
it

and disconfortahle wordis.

was eight houris

in the morning,

us boith curage, and a reasonable nomber to withstand

fiirie.

The town
selffis

of Edinburght, sa

mony

as

had

subject

thame

selffis

to discij)line,

and diverse utheris besydis thame, behavit

Gaidar,

thame

boith faithfullie and stoutlie.

Lowthiane, especiall

The gentilmen of Haltoun, and Omicstoun, war

Fiffij

verrey confortable, alsweill for thair counsale as for thair hole

assistance.

Some gentilmen

of

prevented the Frenche

men

otheris

possessed 5 Leyth.

war stopped, be reasone that the Frenche had Alwais the ennemie tooke suche a fear,

that thai determined nocht to invaid us whare

we

stoode, bot

tooke purpose to have passed to Edinburgh, by the other syde

of the Watter of Leyth,

and that becaus thay had the

Castell

to thair freind, Avhiche Avas to us

unknawin

for

we supponed
Bot when
lord ERSKIN AND
"is fact.

the Lord Erskin, Capitanc of the same, ather to have bein

our freind, or at the least to have bein indifferent.

we had determined
Ergyle,
to

to fc^'ht, ^

he send word to the Erie of the

Lord James,

his sister sone,^

and

to the uther

Noble

men,'!'

that he wald declair

In 1578, he
;

him

selft"

boith ennemie to
at
tliis

tody of James the Sixth.

who maintained

time a strict

was Constable of Edinburgh Castle and died sometime between 1588 and 1594. Ilis eldest surviving son was
created Earl of Kelly, in 1619.
^

neutrality between the Queen Regent's

party and the Reformers. " There is something very gallant, (says Sir Walter Scott,) in the conduct of tliis Noble-

In Vautr.

edit. "

passed."

man, who, dm-iug such a

period,

was

Lord James Stewart, as already noticed, was son of James the Fifth, by Lady Margaret Erskine, daughter of Jolm fourth Lord Erskine see page 249, note 5. He was thus sister's son of the Governor of the Castle of Edinburgh,
*
:

determined to refuse admittance cither to French or English, the two powerful

allies

of

the

contending

fiictions."

(Sadler's Papers, vol. i. p. 712.) ' MS. G reads, " the uther Nobillracu
tliat

war with

us."

376

THE HISTORY OP
to tlie town,

Book

II.

thame and

and wald

sclioote at boith, gif tliay

maid any

resistance to the Frenclie

men

to enter in tlie town.

This his treasonable defyence, send unto us by the Lard of

Ricartoun,! did abait the corage of
feght nor stop the
Castell

many

for

we

culd nocht

ennemie, hot under the mercie of the

thairof.
;

and hole ordinance

less

Heirupoun was consultatioun tackin

and

in conclusioun, it

was found
conditionis

domage

to tak ane

Appointment, albeit the

desyred, than to hasard

war nocht suche

as

we

battall betuix

two suche ennemeis.

us,

After lang talkin, cer-

tane Hcadis war drawin by

whiclie

we desyred

to be

granted

" First,

That no member of the Congregatioun should be

lief,

tnibled in

landis, goodis, or possessionis

'

by the Quene,
for

hir Authoritie, nor

any uther Justice within the realme,

lait

any thing done in the

thingis in contraversie.
" 2.

innovatioun,

till

a Parliament

(whiche should begin the tent of Januar nixt) had decyded

That

idolatrie should nocht

be erected, whare

it

was

at that

day suppressed.
served the French King Henrie the Second, as Capitane of his Ai-cher-Guard,"
(p.

^ He was no doubt the same person who appears at page 251, as the Earl

Marischal's " coimsaillour," in

1556;
it

152.

Edinb. 1831, 4to.)

In the

but

it

may

be doubted whether

was
the

not his son

who was

killed

at

siege of Leith, in

May

15G0.

General
Strath-

Drummond, afterwards Lord

of Drimimond," refers of
to the

allan, in his " Genealogie of the

House
former

Appendix to tliat volume, the Editor says, "This Counsaillour was certaiuly no gi-eat clerk, as among the Balcarras Letters and Papers in the Advocates Library, is an original receipt, in French, for 500 crowns, (Cinq
' '

passage in Knox, as an incident in the

life

cens escuz,) wliich

is

thus signed,

'

Hary

Henry Drummond of Riccarton, the second son of Sir Jolm Drummond oflnnerpeffrey. Having married Janet Creichton, who was heiress of the pro(in the

Dromond, wy' my hand at the pen, led be my Lord Marschallis servand, Maister Jhone Elder.' It has no date, but

perty of Riccarton,
lithgow,) he

parish of Lin-

was probably about the year 1560." (lb. p. 291.) On the 18th July 1555,

became the founder of the family of Drummond of Riccarton. Lord Strathallan says, " He was a valiant gentleman, and of good breeding, and

the Treasm-er paid 8s. to a boy "passand

to

Dumblane to Hairie Drummond with ane clois writting of the Quenis Grace, with deligence."

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

That
tlie preaclieoiiris

877

" 3.

and ministeris

sliould noclit

be

trubled in

tliair ministrie,

wliare thai

war ah-eadic

cstahlcssed,

nather yit stopped to preache, wharesoevcr thai should chance

to come.

"

4.

That no bandis of men of warr should be layed in That the Frenche

garneshing within the town of Edinburght.

"
5.

men

should be send away at a

utlier sliould

reasonable day, and that none

be broght in the

cuntrey without consent of the haill Nobilitie and Parliament."

But these our Articles^ war

disposeth, as efter folio weth
:2

altered,

and ane uther forme

"At

the Lynkis of Leith, the

24. of Julij 1559, it is

:

Appointed in manek following

" In the
first,

the Congregatioun and thair cumpany, utheris

shall

than the inhabitantis of the said Town,

selifis

remove thame

furth of the said town, the

morne
to the

at ten houris befoir

none, the 25. of Julij, and leaf the same void and red of thame

and thair said cumpany, conforme

sour and desyre.
" Item,

Quenis Grace plea-

The

said Congregatioun shall cans the irnes of the

Cunze-hous,3 tacken away be thame, be randercd and delivered

to Maister

Robert Richardsone

and

in lykewyis the Quenis

Grace Palace^ of Halirudhous to be

left

and randcred agane

to

Maister Joline Balfour, or ony uther haveand hir Grace sufBishop Lesley has given the
articles

labouris of the Erie of Huntlic,

quha

of this imcification in a diifercnt form

travelled ernistlie for stanching of bluid-

from Knox: see Keith's History, (vol. i. p. 220,) whose remarks, however, apply
to the Latin History,
&c., p. 552.

shed that day."

2

j^

]\|g

(llist. p. 270.) q^ a ^uj in ane uther forme

De

liebus Gestis,

disposed, as efter foUowis."

s The ofiSce of the Mint, of whicli Richardson was then General. See subsequent note, *

Komaj, 1578, 4to. In the corresponding passage of his Enghsh History, Lesley has given the erroneous date 23d July and says the Appointment took place " be mediatione and
;

In

MS. G,

" hir Palace."

378
ficient

THE HISTORY OF
power, in the same maner as
it

Book

II.

was receaved, and

thir

tliat

betuix the making of thir Articles and the morne at ten

houris.

(For
The

observing and keaping of

tua Articles
of Pittarrow

abovewrittin, the Lord

Ruthven and the Lard

pledges.)

hes entered thame

" Item,

selffis

saidis Lordis of Congregatioun,

and
the

all

the our

niemberis

thairof,

shall

remane

obedient

subjectis

to

Soverane Lord and Ladyis

authoritie,
;

and

to

Quenis

Grace Regent in thair place

and

shall

obey

all

lawis

and

lovable consuetudis of this realme, as thai

war

used of befoir

the moving of this tumult and contraversie, exceptand the

cans of religioun, whiclie shalbe heirafter specifeid.
IN coNTEM<(

PLATIOUN
?L^,^f!^ AROSE THIS

Xtem, '

The

said Congregatioun, nor

SO'

nane of thame,
'

shall
^

nocht truble nor molest a Kirkman be

gi^g^i^

way

of dead, nor yit

FEOVERB

maik thame any impediment

and uptaking of thair

in the peaciable bruiking.

" GUD DAY, I' joising, SIR JOHNE,

rentis, proffittis,

and deweties

jANUAR.
SIR JOHNE.'

of thair benefices, bot that thai

may

frelie

use and dispone

QUHILL
jAuuAR,"&c.

upoun the same, according to the lawis and consuetude of this realme, to the tent day of J anuar nixt to cum. " Item, The said Congregatioun, nor nane of thame, shall in
no wayis from thynefurth use ony force or violence, in casting

down same

of kirkis, religious placis, or reparrelling thairof, bot the

sail

stand skaithles of thame, unto the said tent day of

Januar. " Item, The town of Edinburght

shall,

without compulsioun,

use and cheise what religioun and maner thairof thay please
to the said

day

sua that everie

man may have fredome

to

use his awin conscience to the day foirsaid.

" Item,
'

The Quenis Grace

sail

nocht interpone hir authoritie,

to molest or truble the preacheouris of the Congregatioun, nor

thair ministrie, (to

thame that

pleasis to use the same,) nor

na uther of the said Congregatioun, in thair bodyis, landis,

goodis, or possessionis, pensionis, or

whatsumever uther kynd

of goodis thai possess

nor yit thoill the Clargie, or ?a\\ uther

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

379

haveand
in

spirituall or temporall jurisdictioun, to truble tliame,

sort,

ony maner of

privatlie or openelie, for the caus of

religioun, or utlier actioun

depending tliaimpoun, to the said

;

tent day of Januar within writtin

and that

evcrie

man

in

particuhar leife in the meantjone according to his awin conscience.

" Item,

That na

man

of warr, Frenche nor Scottis, be layed

in daylie garnesoun within the

repair thairto to do thair lefull besynes,

teir

town of Edinburght, bot and thairefter to

to
re-

thame

to thare garnesounis."!

This alteratioun in wordis and ordour was maid without

knowledge and consent of those whose counsale we had used

in all cases befoir. to faynt,
said,

For sum of thame perceaving we began

conditionis,

and that we wald appoint with inequall

wonderfullie
assisted

"

God hath
:

us in our greatest

dangeris

He
is

hath strikin fear in the hartis of our ennemeis,

when

thai supposed

thame

selffis

most assured of victorie

whiclie, yf

our case

nocht yit sa disperat that w^e nead to grant to

thingis unreasonable

and ungodlie
sail

we

do,

it is

to

be feared that thingis

nocht so prosperouslie succeid as

thai have done heirtofoir."

When
personis,

all

war commoned and aggreed upoun by myd the Duke and Erie of Huntlie, who that day war
thingis

against us, desyred to speak the Erlis of Ergyle and Glencarne, the

Lord James, and utheris of our

jjartie

who obeying

thare requeastis, mett tliame at the Querrell Hollis,^ betuix

Lcyth and Edinburght, who in conclusioun promest to our Lordis, '' That yf the Queue breakc to us any one joyt of the

the prothk duke

Appointment than maid, that thai should plane ennemeis unto liir, and freindis
.

declair
to
us.'

.A

thame selffis Alsmuche

AND

KRI.K

or huntlie.

In Vautr.

edit.

" garrisons."

The Quarrel or Quarry Holes, afterwards called the " Upper Quarries,"
"

towards the east declivity of the Calton Hill, at the head of the Easter lload to
Leith, opposite Maryfield.

380

THE HISTORY OF

Book

II.

promeshed the Duke that he wold

nocht remove hir Frenche

do, in case that sche

wald

men

at ane reasonable
all

day

for the

oppressioun whiche thai did was manifest to

men.

This Appointment maid and suhscrived hj the Duke, Monsieur Dosell,

and the Erie of Huntlie, the

when,

25. of Julij,

we

re-

turned to the town of Edinhurght, whare

nixt day at none
;

we remanit
and a

till

the

efter semione, dennar,

procla-

matioun maid at the Mercat Croce in forme as followeth, we

departed.

FOKME OF THE PrOCLAMATIOUN.

"

FoRASMUCHE

as

it

hath pleased God, that Appointment

is

maid hetuix the Queue Regent and us the Lordis, hole^ Protestantis of this Realme, we haA^e tliocht good to signifie unto

yow
"

the cheafe Headis of the same, whiche he these

1.

First,

That no member of the Congregatioun

landis, goodis, or possessioiiis,

slialbe

trubled in

lief,

by the Queue, by
this realme,
till

hir Authoritie, nor

for

by any uther Justice within

in this lait innovatioun,

any thing done

That

that a Parlia-

ment hath decyded

"
this
2.

thingis that be in contraversie.

idolatrie shall nocht be erected,

whare

it is

now

at

day suppressed.
3.

"

That the preachearis and ministeris

shall

nocht be
esta-

trubled in the ministratioun,

whare thai ar already

bleshed, nather yit stopped to preache whairsoevir thai shall

happin to
" 4.

travaill within this realme.

slialbe

That no bandis of men of warr

layed in garne-

soun within the town of Edinhurght.

"

tie of religioun

These cheafe headis of Appointment concerning the liberand conservatioun of our bretherin, we thoght
notifie

goode to
case
to

wrong or

injurie

unto yow, by this our Proclamatioun, that in be done, by any of the contrarie factioun,
to us, to

any member of our body, complaint may be maid

1

In MS.

(r,

" and haill Protestantis."

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

will

381
faitlifull

whorac we promeso, as wo
support to
tlie

ansuer to God, our

uttermost of our j)oweris."

At

tins proclamatioun,
all

maid with sound of

for, first,
:

tinimpctt,
it

war

offended

the Papistis

Thai allodged

was done

in contempt of the Authoritie

secundarlie,

That we had pro:

clamed more than was conteaned in the Ajipointment

last.

and That we, in our proclamatioun, had maid no mentioun of

tliame.

any thing promished unto

tempned, becaus that the
unto
all,

To suche mummerisl we
selff

t^p^com^"
^^''''''^'^

answered, " That no just Authoritie culd think the

treutli

con- ofVuk'

was by us maid manifest

pretendit
ignorance.
whiclie [was] nocht

Secundlie, That
finallie aggreit

who utherwayis mycht have we proclamed nathing,

upoun
in

word and promeiss betuix us and

thame with quhame the Appointment was maid, whatsoevir thair scribcis had efter writtin, qulia in verray deid had altcrit, bayth in wordis and scntenceis, oure Articles, as thay war first consavit and yitt, gif thair awin writtingis war
;

diligentlie examinit,

the self same thing

sail

be found in

substance.

And
it

we

tliocht

To proclame any thing in thair favouris, nocht necessaric, knawing that in that behalf
last,

thay thame

selfis
;

sould be diligent anewch."

And

in this

we

war not desavit

for within fyftene dayis efter, thair

was not

ane schaveling in Scotland, to

rentis pcrtenit, bot

wham

teyndis, or

any uther

he had that Article of the Appointment

by

hart, "

That the Kirk men sould be ansuerit of teyndis,

all

rentis,

and

uthir dewties,

and that no man sould

trubill

nor molest thame."

We

dcpairting from Edinburgh, the 26. of Julij, came

efter to Striviling
;

first

to

Lynlythqw, and

wliair, efter consultatioun,

the band of defence, and nientenancc of religioun, and for

mutuall defence, evere ane of uther, was subscrivit of

all
:

that

war thair
'

present.

The tennour

of the

Band

Avas this

In MS. G, " murmuirs."

Vautr.

edit, also

has " niurraures."

382

THE HISTORY OP
foirseing
all

Book

II.

"We
tending

the

craft

and

sljclit

of our adversaries,

manor of wayis
and promisses,

to circumvene us,

and be prevy

meanis intendis to
fair hecbtis

assailzie everie

ane of us particularie be

tliairtbrow to separat ane of us

:

frome ane

utliir, to

oure utter rewyne and destructioun

for

remedy

heirof,

we

faytbfullie

and trewlie byndis

us,

in the

presence of God, and as

we tender the mentenance

of trew

Religioun, that nane of us sail in tymeis cuming pas to the

Queneis Grace Dowriare, to talk or

letter [or]

commun with
us,

liir

for

any

message send be hir unto

rest,

or yitt to be send,
thair-

without consent of the

upoun.
fra hir

and commone consultatioun

sail notifie

And quhowsone
unto
us,
;

that ather message or writt

sail

cum

with utter diligence we

the same

ane to ane uther

out
"

swa that nathing

of

sail

proceid heirin with-

commune consent of us all. At Striveling, the first day

we

August 1559."

This Band subscrivit, and

foirseing that the

Quene and

Bischopis menit nathing bot desait, thocht guid to seik ayde

and support of

all

Christiane Princeis against hir and hir

sould be mair schairplie persewit.

tyrrannie, in caise

we

And
quhilk

becaus that Ingland was of the same religioun, and lay nixt

unto

us, it

was jugeit expedient

be

first

to prove

thame

we

did be ane or twa messingeris, as heirefter,! in the awin

place,

mair ampill

sail

declairit.

Efter

we had abiddin

certane dayis in Striviling, the Erie of

;

Argyle depairtit to Glasgw

his

and becaus he was

also past

to depairt to
pacifie

awin cuntrey, (with

trubill quhilk,

wham

Lord James,) to

sum

be the craft of the Quene, was rasit in his

absens, he requyreit the Erie of Glencairne, Lord Boyde, Lord

Uchiltre,

and utheris of Kyle,

to meit thair, for

sum ordoure

Queen Elizabeth ascended the throne November 1558. At the beginning of Book Third, Knox has
1

entered more into detail respecting the

application which

of England 17th

was made by the Pro-

testants of Scotland for aid at this time.

irm.
to

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND,

tliat

383

be taikin,

the brethren sould not be opprcssit

did,

quhilk

with ane consent thaj

and appoyntit the tent of Sepand ane

fatlier,
lie

tember

for the nixt

Conventioun at Striveling.

Quliill thir thingis

war

in doing- at Glasgw, letteris

servand came fra the Erie of Arraine^ to the Duik his

signifeing unto him, that be the providence of God,

had KNAWLEGE
OF THE

THE FIRST

eschaipit the Frensche

abillie

and maist

crewellie

have committit him

esch.u PING OF THE EKLE of arrase soclit his lyfe, or at Icist to OF ARRJ OUT OF france. to perpetuall presoun : for the same tyme,

Kyngis handis, quha maist treason-

had

the said Frensche King, seing he could [not] have the Erie

him

self,

gart put his youngar brother,^ ane bairne of sick be

notit.

aige as could not offend, in strait presoun, quhair he yitt re-

maneis, to witt, in the monetli of October, the yeir of

jm. yc. |-^ yeiris
policie of the
:

God
his

quhilk thingis war done be the craft and

Queue Dowager, quhat tyme the Duik and

to sett

freyndis

war maist frack

and the

fordwart hir cans.

Thir

letteris resavit,

estait of his

twa soneis knawin, of

of the Erie of Argyle,

whame

the ane was escaipit, and the uthir in vjlo preassoun

cassin,3 the

Duke

desyreit

communing

James third Earl of Arran was the Duke of Chatelherault. About the year 1554, he went to France, and obtained the command of the Scotish Guard, at the Coiu't of Henry the Se1

eldest son of the

had a charter of lands in Fife, granted He was in to him 31st August 1547.
France, along with his eldest brother
the Earl of Arran, in 1559, as mentioncd in the previous note.
Cecil, in

Secretary

cond.
grace,

In 1559, he

fell

into so

much

dis-

a letter dated 28th July 1559,

on account of his expressing Duke of Guise in favour of the Reformed doctrines, that, as stated in the next note, his Ufe was in danger. Having made his escape from Paris, ho came to Geneva, and returning by the north of Germany to England, he was received with much He distinction by Queen Elizabeth. arrived in Scotland, on the 7th Sephimself to the

as quoted

by Mr.

Tytler, says, "

(in

What

may the
look

Duke's Grace there

France)

for,

when

his eldest son

life,

persecuted, as, to save his

was so he was
second
cruelly

forced to flee France and go to Geneva,

not without gi-eat difficulty

brother, the Lord David,

liis

now

imprisoned by Monsieur Chevigny, one chosen out to show cruelty to your nation
;

divers Scots of the Earl's (Arran's)

tember 1559, (Sadler's State Papers, vol. i. p. 435,) and openly joined the
Reformers.
"

ftimily

put to torture; and,

finally, all

the
*

Duchy

of Chastelherault seised to

the Crown."
tliird

(Hist. vol. vi. p. 124.)

edit.

Lord David Hamilton was the

In Vautr.

" the other cast in

son of the Duke of Chatelherault.

He

vile prison."

384
qiilia,

THE HISTORY OP
pairtlie against the will of
tlie

Book
lovit
liim,

IT.

unto

Duik

fra

Glasgw
to

to

sum tliat Hammiltoun

;

raid

quhair, abyding

ane

nyclit, lie declairit his

jugement to

tlie

Duik and

to his

freindis,

especiallie

Maister

GaAv^ne Hamyltoun.

The

Duik requyreit him and the Lord James to write thair freindlie and confortabill letteris to his sone, quhilk thay baith maist willinglie did, and thairefter addressit thame to Bot the verray day of thair depairting, came thair jornay. one Bowtencourt, 1 from the Queue Regent, with letteris, as was allegeit, from the Kyng and Queue of France to Lord James, whilk he delyverit with ane braggin countenance and many threatning wordis. The tennour of his letteris was
this
:

" "

Le Roy.
Cousing, I have bein greittumlie mervellitt, having
trubillis that ar

My

understand the
yit

happinnit in thir pairtis

I

and

mair mervell that

lies this

ye, of

wham

had ane

haill confidence,

and alsua

honour to be sua neir the Quenis Grace,

resavit of

my
^

wiffe,

and hes

umquhile the Kyngis Grace

estoient,
le
il

my

fi'om

cle B^thencourt arrived France about the end of July 1559. A letter of recommendation fi'om Mary Queen of Scots, addressed to the Duke of Chatelherault, dated at Paris (16th) July, is contained in Prince A. Labanoff 's collection of " Lettres de

The Sieur

a advis^ d^pescher par dela

Sieur de Bethencourt, present por-

teur,

faire entendre le

par lequel j'ay bien voullu vous contentement que j'ay du service que vous vous este essaye
et prier,

m'y faire,
tous

mon

Cousin, emploi'er

Marie Stuart," vol.

to
tliis

i.

p. 67.

He was sent

country, in the view to ascertain

all

and use
estate in

means that were neces-

pour faire rabiller les faultes doulcement et oster I'occasion de faire par autre voye sentir a\ix mauvais combien ils ont offenc^ le Roy, mondit
moi'ens

good which they had jireviously been. After thanking the Duke for his good offices rendered to the Queen Resary, for restoring matters to the

Seigneur,

et

moy

estant

asseur^e
(Lettres,

que jamais vous ne S9aurez

qui

faire chose

me

soit
i.

plus agreable."

&c., vol.

p. 68.)

Among various pay-

gent her mother, in circumstances of

great diflBculty, her words are,

"

S'es-

tant pour ceste cause delib^re y mectre

la

main

et chercher tous

moiens pour

ments by the Treasurer, after the Queen Regent's death, (in June 1560,) to her attendants and other persons, we find, " Item, to Monsieur Buttonecourt and
his wife, Ixxx lib."

rdduire les choses au bon estat ou elles

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

and mo,
sick graceis

385

father, liir Grace,

and

favouris, that
licid,

yo

sould he sa forgetfull as to

mak

youre self the

and ane

of the principall begynnaris

and nureischaris of the tumultis

and

seditiounis thar ar sene thair.

it is,

The

quhilk, bccaus

it is

sa strange as

and sync against the professioun that ye

it
;

at all tymeis have maid, I can not gudlie beleif

and gif

it

be

sa,

I can not think bot

ye have bene entyscit and led

thairto be

sum
ane

personis that haif seduceit and caiissit

fait,

yow

commit

sic

as I

am

assureit ye repent of alreddy,

effect I

quhilk will be ane grcit cmplcsourl to me, to the

mycht

lose

ane pairt of the occasioun

I will

have to be miscontcnt
I

with yow, as

yow

to

understand
I

am, seing sua far

eifec-

ye have dissavit the esj)erance

had of yow, and your

obleist nor

tioun towart God, and the weill of our service, unto the quhilk

ye knaw ye ar
Lordis thair.

als mekill

and mair

ony uther of the

For

this cause, dcsja-and that the materis

mycht

be dutclie^ amendit, and knawand quliat ye

I thoclit

may

heirintill,

gudc on

this

manor

to write unto yow,

and pray yow

effectis

to tak held to returne to the guid way,

from quhilk ye ar
that
folios

declyneit,

and cans me knaw the samin be the

ye have ane uther attentioun nor this quhilk thir

bipast makis

me now

to beleif

doing
estait,

all

that ever ye can to

to

reduce

all

thyngis to thair

first

and put the samin

the rycht and gud obedience that ye

God and unto me

that I will put to

knaw to be dew unto Utherwayis, ye may be weill assureit,

hand, and that in gud eirncst, that
sall'^
fcill,

BRAGGIS ^ 0W.:<

my

yc and
cvin

all

thay have done, and dois as ye,

fait,)

(throw

thair awin as
I

that quhilk thay have dcscrvit and mcritit

have gevin

charge

to

this

Gentilman, present

bcirar,

to

mak yow knaw

;"

mair largelie of

my

pairt

for

In MS. G, " plesour

In MS. G,

in Vautr.

edit. " displeasui-e."

2

In this marginal note, Vautr. has " Bruges inough."

edit,

edit,

" duetifullic." has " dewly amcndid."

I.

Vautr.

In

that

licg

MS. G, " that yow and all they done, and dois as ye do, sail."

VOL.

2 B

386
quhilk caus, I pray
selff.

THE HISTORY OF
yow

Book

II.

creddoit him, evin as ye wald do

my
and

Prayand God,

my

Consing, to

liaif

yow

in

liis

lioly

wortliy protectioun
" Wiittin at Pareis, tlie xvij

day of

Julij 1559."

The samyn messinger broclit alssua letteris frome the Quene our Soverane, mair scharp and threatning than the former for hir conclusioun was, " Vous senteras la poincture
;

a jamais."^
This creddeit was, " That the

Kyng wald spend

the Cronn

of France, or that he war not revengeit upoun sick seditious That he wald never have suspectit sick inobedience personis. and sick defectioun frome his awin sister in him." To the quhilk the said Lord James ansuerit, first by word, and than

by

wi'itting, as followis

" SCHIE,

"

My

dewtie rememberit.

Your

Majestieis letter I resavit

frome Pareis, the

xvij of Julij last, proporting in effect, that

I,

your Majestie sould mervell that

graceis

being forgetfull of the

blissitt

and favouris schawing

me

be the King, of

memorie, your Majestieis Father,

Soverane, sould declair

and the Quenis Grace,

and ane of the

my

my

selif held,

princi-

pall begynnaris of the allegeit tumultis

pairtis,

and

seditioun in thir
all

desaving thairby your Majestieis expectatioun at

tymis hard of

me

with assurance, that gif I did not declair

by

contrarie eifectis

my

repentance,

I,

with the rest that had

put, or yitt putis liandis to that wark, sould resave the rewaird

quhilk we had deservit and meritit.

" Schir,
it

grevis

me

heavelie that the cryme of ingratitude

sould be laid to

my

charge be your Hienes, and the rather

'-You

These words
feel

may be rendered,
it

Avill

the pohit of

for ever."

The

lettcr

x-eferred to is not contained in Prince A. LabanofF's collection of Queen

Mary's Letters; but an English copy of it is preserved in )Spotiswood's History, p. 130, and will be inserted in the Appendix to the present volume.

1559.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

387

that I persave the same to half proceidit of sinister informatioun, of

g-if

thame quhais
and

pairt

it

was not sua

regairdit.

to have reportit,

trew service bigane

had bene

And

as tiiiching

the repentance,
eifectis,!

declaratioiin

of the

same be contrar

that your Majestic desyris I schaAv,

my

conscience

perswaidis

me

in thir
tlic

proceidingis to have

done na thing
sould have

aganeis God, nor

debtfull^ obedience towartis your Hienes

and the Qucneis Grace

bene to repent, and

my

Soverane, utherwayis

it

als amendifc

albeddy, according to your

Majestieis expectatioun of me.

informeit,

Bot your Hienes being treulie

and perswaidit that the tliyng quhilk we have

for the

done makis

advancement of Godis

glorie,

(as

it

dois

in deid,) without ony maner derogatioun to your Majesteis

dew

obedience,

we dowt not

bot your Majestic sail be weill

contentit with our proceidingis, quhilk being groundit

upoun

the commandimcnt of the cternall God, we dar [nocht] leif the samyn unaccompleischeit onelie wisching and desyrcing your Majestic did knaw the same, and treuth thairof, as it is perswaidit to our conscience, and all thame that ar treulie instructit in the cternall word of our God, upoun quham we
;

cast our cair for all daingearis that

pleisment of his cternall will

and
to

to

may follow the accomquham we commend

your hart with
Majestieis
pepill,
;

your

Hienes,

beseiking

him

illuminat

the evangell of his eternall trewth, to

knaw your
Godis
of

dewtie towartis ^

your pure
to

subjcctis,

chosin

and quhat ye audit

than we sould

craif justlie

thame agane

for

haif na

occatioun to feir your

Majestieis

wraith and indignatioun, nor your Hienes suspitioun in our The samyn God mot^ have yourc Majestic in inobcdicnce.
his eternall saifgard.

"At Dumbartane,
1

the 12 of August 1559."

'

In MS. G, " be certane eifectis." ;" Vautr. In MS. G, " dewticfiill

obedience."

In MS. *" Mot"

is

G, " towards us your." omitted both in MS. 0. and

edit. " duteifull

Vautr.

edit.

388

THE HISTORY OF

Book

II.

This answer, directit to the Queue our Soverane, and to

Francis
liir
it,

husband, the Queue Dowager resavit, and was bold

upoun

as sche

mycht

weill

yneuch

for

it

was suppoisit
in Scotland.

that the former letteris war forgeit heir at

hame

The answer red by hir, sche said, " That sua proud ane answer was never gevin to King, Prince, or Princess." And yitt indifferent men thocht that he mycht have answerit mair schairplie, and not have transgressit modestie nor treuth. For quhair tliay burding him with the greit benefitis quhilk of thame he had resavit, gif in plane wordis he had purgeit

him

self,

effirming, that the greitest benefit that ever

he

re-

thame was to spend in tliair service, that quhilk God be utheris had providit for him, na honest man wald have accusit him, and na man wald have bene abill to have conceavit of
vickit

him

of ane lye.
pleise.

Bot Princeis must be pardonit to speik

quhat thay
THE PESIDENCE OF JOHNNE wiLLocK
lUTRGH.

For confort of the brethren, and contynewance of the Kyrk

in Edinburgh,

was

left thair

our deir brother Johnue Willock,

quha, for his faithfull laubouris and bald curage in that battell,

deserves immortall prayse.

For quhan

it

was fund dan-

gerous that Johnne Knox, quha befoir was electit Minister l

to that Kyrk, sould

contynew

thair, the brethren requeistit

the said Johnne Willock to abyde with thame, least that, for
laik of ministeris, idolatrie sould be erectit

up agane.

To the

quhilk he sua glaidlie consentit, that

appeir, that

it

mycht
lyiif.

evidentlie

he preferrit the confort of his brethren, and the

tliair,

contynewance of the Kirk

to his

awin

One

pairt

^ The inliabitants oi- Congregation of Edinburgh, met in the Tolbooth or Council House, on the 7th July 1559,

Knox judged it his duty to and immediately began his labours in the City." He was soon
brethren,

comply,

and publickly
Minister.

elected

Knox

as their

(Historie

of

the Estate of

afterwards obliged to leave Edinburgh, but John Willock, who became his col-

Scotland, in Wodi-ow Miscellany, p. (33.) " With this choice, ( Dr. M'Crie re-

marks,) which was approved by his

and in the month of August dispensed the Sacrament in St. Giles's Chm-ch. (ib. p. 67.)
league, supplied his place,

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

men war
first

389

of the Frensche
Leitli,

apjiointtit

to ly in

garnesoun at

(that

was the

benefit

thai

gat for thair conto Ij in

fideracie with thame,) the uthir pairt

war appointit

the Cannogait

the Quene and hir tryne ahydeing in the

efter our de-

Abbay.

Oure brother Johnne Willock, the day

parture, prechit in Sanct Geillis Kirk,

and

ferventlie exhortit

the brethren to stand constant in the trewth quhilk thay had

professit.

At

this

and sum uther sermondis was the Duke,

of the Queneis factioun.
all pepill tliairto,

and diverse utheris

This libertie and

preehing, Avith resort of

did hielie offend the

Quene and the uther

terrouris to the

Papistis.
;

And

first

thay began to gif

Duke

affirmyng, that he wald be repute as

mondis.

ane of the Congregatioun, gif he gaif his presence to the serThairefter thay begouldi to requyre that Messe sould
pei)ill
;

be sett wp agane in Sanct Geillis kirk, and that the

sould be sett at libertie to chuse what religioun thay wald

for that,

say thay, was contenit in the Appointmentt, that the

list.

town of Edinburgh sould cheis quhat religioun thay

Erie of Huntlie, and the Lord Seytoun, to

For

obtening hcirof, was send to the Tolbuith,^ the Duke, the

solist all

men

to

condiscend to the Quenis

In MS. G. and Vaiitr.

mynd

quhairin the twa last did

eclit.

" began."

The Tolbooth or Council House must not be confounded with the Old Tolbooth or Jail, which was described in 15H1 as ruinous, and oi'dered to be
2

corner of St. Giles's Church, with a covered passage to the Parliament Square, there was a hirgc mass of buildings,

which included what was known as the

New Tolbooth or Council House, the Goldsmith's Hall, &c.

demolished.

It

was, however, repaired,

All these were pulled

and has been immortalized as " The Heart of Mid-Lothian." In Chambers's " Reekiana," a nvmibcr of curious and
interesting notices arc collected regard-

down when
built,

Library was and the ornamented exterior of

the Signet
in 1G4(),)
Tlie

the Parliament House, (begim in 1G3-,

and completed
tunatoly
or Jail

was
in

so luifor-

ing this building, which was situated at

the west-end of St. Giles's Church, and

saci-ificcd.

Old Tolbooth

was demolished

1817; and
at that

encroached so much on that part of the High Street, called the Luckenbooths, as to leave only a kind of lane to the
north, of 14 feet wide.
south,

the changes which took place in and

around the Parliament Sipiare

time, completely altered the singularly

Further to the

picturesque character of the Old

of Edinburgh.

Town

and connected with the south-west

390

THE HISTORY OF
sa,

Book

II.

laubour that thay could, the Duik not

halder,
efter

hot as ane be-

of

quham

the brethren had guid esperance.

And
saidis

many

perswationis and threatningis

maid be the

Erie and Lord, the brethren, stoutlie and valiantlie in the

Lord Jesus, ganesaid

"
erectit

tliair

maist injust petitionis, reasonyng,

suffer idolatrie to

That as of conscience thay mycht nocht

be

quhair Christ Jesus was treulie precheit, sua could

nocht the Quene nor thay requyre any sick thyng, unless
sclie

and thay wald

plainlie violat thair faith

;

and cheif any

article

of the Ajjpointment

for

it

is

planelie

appointit.

That na
thing-

member
that, the

of the Congregatioun sail be molestit in

day of the Appointment, be peaceabillie

possessit.

Bot sua

it

was that we, the Brethren and Protestantis of the

possess

toun of Edinburgh, with oure ministeris, the day of the

Appointment, did peaceabillie

Sanct

Geilis

Kirk,i

appointit for us for preching of Christis trew Evangell, and

rycht ministratioun of his holy Sacramentis.

Thairfoir, with-

out manifest violatioun of the Appointment, ye can not re-

move us

thairfra,

quhill

ane Parliament have decydit the

contraversie."

This answer gevin, the haill brethren depairtit, and

foirsaid Erie,
still

left

the

and Lord Seytoun the Provest of Edinburgh,

;

in the Tolbuyth

qulia persaving that thay could

not

prevaill in that manor, bot

began to entreat that thay wald

be quyett, and that thay Avald sa far condiscend to the Quenis plesour, as that thay wald chuse thame ane uthir

Kirk 2 within the toun, or at the

quhilk, ansuer

least

be contentit that Messe

sould be said ather efter or befoir thair sermonis.

To the
Devill,

was gevin,
clieif

"

That to gif place to the

(quha was the

inventar of the Messe,) for the plesour of

not.

ony creature, thay could

Thay war
In
'

in possessioun of that

edit,

Here, and in other places, Vautr. has " C3im-ch."

"\'autr. edit,
is

the

word

" Kirk" or

Cluirch"

omitted.

1559.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

391

Kirk, qiihilk tliay could not abandone

suffer idolatrie

nether could thay

be erectit in the samjni, unless be violence

;

thay sould be constraneit sa to do

tcrminit to seik the nixt remedy."

and than thay war deresavit, the

;

Quhilk ansuer

Eric of Huntlie did lovinglie intreat thame to quyetnes

fidlie

faith-

promissing that in na sort thay sould be

raolestit,

sa

that thay wald be quyctt, and

mak na
;

farther uproir.

To

the quhilk thay war maist willing

serve

for

thay socht onlie to

God

as he

had commandit, and

;

to kcip thair possessioun,

according to the Appointment

did
till

quhilk be Goddis grace thay

the moncth of November, nochtwithstanding the greit

hosting of the ennemy.

For thay did not onlie convene to

the preching, dailie

supplicatiounis,

and administratioun of

Baptisme, bot alssua the Lordis Tabill was ministratt, evin in

the eyis of the verray ennemy, to the greit confort of
afflict it

mony

conscience.

And

as

God

did potentlie wirk with his

Kirk, so did nocht the

trew Minister, and with his

trubillit

Devill cease to enflamb the malice of the Queue,

Papistis with hir. ^

and of the

For

scliort effcer hir

cuming o

to the
first

Abbay ^
in hir

the quene
REGENTIS
^'^^^Jfj^^

of HaljTudliouse, sche caussit Messc to be said,

awin Chapell, and

foir

eftcr in the

Abbay,

quliair the altaris be-

^'^^^ ^'^^

war cassin doun.

to gif

Sche dischargit the

Commoun
war the

Prayeris,
principall

and foirbad

ony portioun

to sick as

young men quha redd thame. Hir malice extendit in lik manor to Cambuskynneth ;l for thair sche dischargeit the
portionis
Papistrie.

of als

many

of the

Channonis as had forsaikin

Sche gaif command and inhibitioun, that the

the wars with England,
it

^ Tlie Abbey of Cambiiskcuncth was founded by King David tlie Fii'st, in tlie year 1147. This House, of the order of Canon-Regulars of St. Augustine, although connected with Stii'ling, is in the

plundered, but in 1559,

all

it

was often was nearly

demolished

and there now remains

little

besides a square tower of fine pro-

parish of Logic, and shire of Clackmaunan. It was situated on the north

side of the river Forth, about one mile

portions, to indicate its site. See Sir J. G. Dalyell's " Brief Analysis of the

Chartularios of the

Abbey

of

Cambus-

kcnneth, Chapel Royal of Stirling," &c.

Edinb. 1828.
8vo.

N. E. from the town of StirUng. During

392

THE HISTORY OF
of

Book

II.

Abbot of Lundorisi sould be 2 ansuerit

leving in the North, becaus he

any pairt of
self to

his

had submitit him

the

Congregatioun, and had put

sum reformatioun

to his

place.
stuleis

Be

hir consent

and retrahibitioun^ was the preching

brokin in the Kirk of Leith, and idolatrie was erectit in the

samyn, quhair
taneis,

it

was

befoir suppressit.

Hir Frensche Capi-

with thair suldiouris in greit cumpaneis, in tyme of

preching and prayeris, resortit to Sanct Geillis Kirk in Edinburgh, and maid thair
sick

commune deambulatour

thairin,
;

with

lowd talking, as na perfyte audience could be had

and

althocht the Minister was cry out on thame, praying to

ofttymes thairthrow compellit to

God
still

to red

thame

of sick locustis

thay nevirtheless continewit

visit

in thair wickit purpoise, deto

and ordaneit be the Queue,

have drawin our brethren

;

of Edinburgh and

thame

in

cummer

swa that

sclie

mycht

have had ony cullorat occatioun to have brokin the liegue

with thame.
Yitt,

be Goddis grace, thay behaveit thame

fait

seMs swa, that sche could fynd na

all thir
is

with thame

albeit in

thingis befoir nameit,

and

in every ane of thame, sche

worthelie comptit to have contravenit the sayd Appoint-

ment.

We

pass over the oppressing done of oure brethren in

particular,

quhilk
to

had bene

sufficient

to

have provin the

;

Appointment
Seytoun,

have bene playne

violatit

for

the Lord

without ony occasioun

" Lyndors."

ofFerrit

unto him,
in

brak a
since
is

In Vautr.

edit.

The
of

held

tlie

Abbey

of Liudorcs, in the parish

Fife,

1581.

John Abbot

Abbacy

Commendam,
of Lindores

who

Newburgh,

was, like most of our

monastic buildings, finely situated, overlooking the fertile shores of the Tay. Itwas founded by David Earl of Himtingdon, brother to King William the Lion, upon his return from the Holy Land,

here mentioned, must have been a person of some importance yet Ins name
;

has not been discovered, although he sat in Parliament in 1542 and subsequent
years,

and he appears
further

in the

Sederunt of
respecting

the Lords of Session, in

November 1544.

about the year 1178. It was erected into a temporal lordship by King James the
Sixth, 25th

Some
-

particulars

liim will be given in a subsequent note.

December 1600,

in favour of

Sir Patrick I,eeley of Pitcairly, son of

Andrew

fifth

Earl of Rothes,

who had

MS. G, ' sould not be." In MS. G, and Vautr. edit., " procurement was the prciching stooU."
^

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

lie

393

chaise iipoun Alexander Quhitelaw,! as

toiin,

came frome Pres-

accumpancit
ceassit not
:

witli

Williame Knox,2 towartis Edinburgh,

and

to perscAV this

him

till

he came to the toun of

In
all this

Ormestoiin

And

he

did,

supposing that the said Alex-

ander Quhitelaw had bene Johnne Knox.

t}nne,

menejotc,

and

quhill that

ma

Frcnscho

men

arryvit, tliay ar not

abill to

pruif that

we brak the Appointment

in

any

except that ane hoirnit capp was taikin of ane proud preistis
heid,
it

and cut

in four quarteris,^ becaus

he said he wald weir*

in dispyte of the Congrcgatioun.

In this menetyme, the Queue, then Regent, knawin assuredlie

quhat force was schortlie to cum unto

meneis
possibill, to cloik

hir, ceassit not,

by

all

the iucuming of the Frcnsche, and

nocht lauborit the zcir comptcd, be occasion of the pley dependand thairupon, betuix Alexander Quliytlaw and

* Alexander Wliitelaw of NeAV Grange, had been a pensioner in England so

early as the time of

for

Edward

the Sixth,

which the Earl of Iluntly caused him to be forfeited, 5th July 1549. See before, Note 1, page 214. At a later period, he became an active and confidential agent of Knox and the

William Stewart."

Three bolls of bear, and eight bolls of meal, were deducted for the same cause. - William Knox, a yoiuiger brother
of the lleformer,

was then a merchant.

Keformed party;
in

and

his

name

fre-

In September 1552, the English Coiuicil,

out of respect to his brother, gi-anted a patent " to William Knox, a merchant,
giving

quently occurs in their correspondence

Sir

Ralph

Sa'ller's

State Papers.

Knox speaks of Whitelaw as a man who had often hazarded himself, and
cause of God. Tlirogmorton calls liim " a very honest, sober, and godly man, and the most
all

him

liberty, for a limited time,

to trade to

he

had,

for

the

vessel of one

any port of England, in a hundred tons bui'den."

vol.
ii.

(Strype's Memorials,

p.

299.)

And Knox

himself, in a letter written

truly affectionate to England of

any

in 1553, says, "

My

brother,

William

Scotsman."

Accordingly, he gave him

a letter of recommendation to Elizabeth's CoTuicil, and, as he was very

religioiis,

he coimsels them to

let liim

Knox, is presentlie with me. What ye wold haif frome Scotland, let me know this JMonimday at nj'cht for hie must depart on Tj'isday." (M'Cric's Life of
;

sec as

little

sin in Eiicjland as possible. Scott, in Sadler's

ICnox, vol.

i.

pp.

90,

91.)

He

after-

(Note by Sir Walter

Papers, vol.
i.

pp.

468, 537.)

In the

Account of the Collector of the Thirds of Benefices, 15(31, two bolls of wheat
or " defolkit for the are deducted teindis of the Newgrange of Aber-

wards became a preacher, and was for many years minister of Cockpen in Mid-Lothian. (MS. Books of Assigna-

tion of Stipends;
vol.
' i.

Wodrow

Miscellany,

pp. 369, 408.) In MS. G, " hi four pieces."

brothock,

be

rcasone

the

same was

In the

MS.

" wald nott weir."

394

THE HISTORY OF men

aganis

Book
us.

II.

to enflamb tlie hartis of oiire cuntrey

for that pm-poise, sclie first wrait to

And

as followis "
THE QUENE EEGENTIS FALSE
FLATTERING LETTER TO THE DUKE.l

my

Lord Duike, in forme

My

Lord and Cousing,

commendatioun
^
;

" Efter liartlie

We

ar informit tliat the

Lordis of the Westland ConOTeofatioiin intendis to

.

mak

ane

conventioiin

and assembmie

^-\

oi

T thair kyn ana ireynclis upoiin

7^
^

J'

Govane Mure, besyde Glasgw, on Monnunday cum vuj dayis, the [21st] day 2 of August instant, for sum hie purpoise
aganeis us, quhilk

we can

nott skantlie beleve,^ considder-

ing thay have na occasioun upoun our pairt sa to do.

And

albeit ye knaw the Appointment was maid be our avise,^ yitt we acceptit the samin at your desyre, and hes sensyne

contrair thairof.

maid na cause quhairby thay mycht be movit Lyke as we ar yitt myndit

stabill
all

to

cum

in the

to keip firme

and

thingis promesit be
it is

yow

in our behalf.

We
and
your

think, on the uther pairt,

your dewatie to requyre tham,

;^

that thay contravene not thair pairt thairof in na wyise

in caice thay
tliaire

promeise,

meane ony evill we beleif ye

towartis us, and sua will breck

will,

at the uttermost of

power, convene with us, and compell

tham

to do that thing

quhilk thay aucht, gif thay will nocht.

Praying yow to have

us,

your

selif,

your kin and freyndis, in reddjmes to cum to

as ye sail be adverteist be proclamatioun, in caise the Con-

gregatioun assenibill

tham

sclffis for

any purpoise aganeis

:

us,

or the tennour of the said

Appointment
first

assureand yow, with-

out thay gadder, and

to

mak

occasioun,

we

sail

nott put

yow
in

any panels in that behalf; and that ye adverteis us

In MS. G, this marginal note, and
^

la MS. G, "
In

we can

skairslie be-

that on the next jjage, are taken into

leve."
*

the text.
^

MS.

G, "

was maid

against, or
edit.

In the MS. the date Vautr.

is left

blank,

without cm- advyse."

"

In Vautr.
cais."

" the &c. day."

rea<l, " tlie

edit,

and MS. G.

28th day of August."

was made by." ^ In MS. G, " in na

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

we may lii^pin to lioirin with schaw yow the fervent inynd we heir
quliat
offeris

896

Avritt,

this bcirar,

quha

will

to

have concord
haif

with the said Congregatioun, quhat

we

maid to
sail

thame, and

how

desyi-ous

we

ar to

draw thame
to

to the ohe-

dience of our Soveranis

ereddeit
"
;

authoritie,

qnham ye

gif

and God keip yow.

tent day of

At Edinburgh, the

August 1559."

The lyke

letter sche

wrait to everie Lord, Barroun, and

:

Gentilman, of this tennour

"

Trest Freynd,
" Efter hartlie

commendatioun

'

We

dowt nott hot ^ ye have

the reGENTIS

hard Appointment maid hesyde Leith, hetuix my Lord Duik, the Erie of Huntlic, and Monsieur Doscll, on the ane pairt, and the Lordis of the Congregatioun, on the
of the

^Jj'^ "arkonis

uthcr syde
poyntis,

quhilk Appointment we have approvit in

it

all

albeit

was taikin by our aviso

all

and

is

myndit
i)airt.

to observe

and kcip

the contentis thairof for our

Nochtheless,

we

ar informeit, the saidis Lordis of the Congreall sick

gatioun intcndis schortlie to convene

assist to
us,

personeis as will
j)urpoise aganis

thame, for interprysing of

sum heycht

our authoratie,

and tennour of the said Appointment,

beleif,

quhilk

we can

not

seing thay nather hnif, nor sail

have, ony occasioun gevin thairto on our pairt, and yit thinkis

not reassonabill, in caise thay

thairfoir

meane ony

sick thing

and

have thocht

it

guid to gif wairning to oure special!

freyndis of the advcrtcisment

we have

gottin,

and amangis
Praying

the

rest, to

yow,

quham
self,

Ave

esteme of that noniber.

yow to have your

youre kin, and folkis in reddynes to

cum

to us."

And
word

sua furth, as in the uthir letter above sent

efter word.

to the Duike,

Efter that by thir letteris, and

of hyr solistaris,

by the dissaitfull furnissing sche had sumquhat steirit up the hairtis of

396

THE HISTORY OF

Book

II.

the pepill against us, than sche began oppinlie to complayne,

" That

we war
j)airt

of

mynd

to invaid hir persone

;

that

we wakl
sche was

keip na
THE pRAcTISEOF

of the

Appointment

and

thairfoir

compellit to crave the assistance of

persute."
-i

all
'

men

against our injust

^

REGENT

And this practise sche usit, as hefoir is said, to r abuse the simplicitie of the pepill, that thay sould not suddanlie espy for quhat puqjois sche broclit in hir

new bandis

of

men
cum

of weir, quha did ariyve about the middis of August

of ane thousand men.

to the

nomber
efter,

The

rest

war appointit

to

with Monsieur de la Broclie,! and with the

cp.iha arryvit

VE.LLOFTHE Blscliop of
FBENSCHE.3
^gj-^i^gj.

Amiance,^

the nynetene day of Sep:

foUowiug, as gif thay had bene Ambassadouris

tliair

bot

quhat was

negotiatioun, the effect did declair,

;

and thay

thame

selfEs

could not long conceill

for baith

be tung and
extermina-

pen thay
tioun of

utterit, " Tliat

all

thay war send

for the utter

j)rofesse

religioun in

thame that wald not all pointis." The Quenis

all

the Pai^isticall

practise nor craft could

sul)tiltie

not blynd the eyeis of

men

nether yitt could hir

hyde hir awin schame, bot that many did espy

and sum
spairit not to speik thair

hir desait
;

jugement
the

liberallie

quha

1 Monsieur de la Brosse, and tlie Bishop of Amiens, arrived in Scotland on the 2-4th September 1559. Sir Ralph

between
Pari.

two kingdoms.
vol.
ii.

(Acta
When

Scot.

p.

432.

again sent to this country, in Septeni-

Sadler, on the 27th, says, " the Bishop

ber 1559, on the accession of Francis

the Second to the throne of France, Bishop Lesley calls him " Blonsieur de

arrived in Leith three days previously,

with three vessels, and 800 men." On the 29th he writes, "La Brosse, and the Bishop of Amyens, are arrived at
Leyth, with so
lerne.
gi*et

La Broche."
Pelleve,

(History,

p.

278.)

The

Bishop of Amiens was

Nicholas de

ther housholde men, as far as

company, besyds we can

as they say,

of Sens, and elected Cardinal.

who was afterwards Archbishop He came

from accompanied by

And

the Bishop,

in the character of Legate a latere

cometh to curse, and also to dispute with the Protestants, and to reconcile
them,
if it

the

Pope, and was

three Doctors of the Sorbonne,

whom

wolbe,"

&c. (Sadler's

Let-

Spotiswood
diet,
8

calls Dr. Fiu-mer,

Dr. Bro-

ters, vol. i. p. 470.) "Jacques de la Brosse, knycht," had been one of the

French ambassadors, who were present December 1543, for treating of a renewal of the amity
at the Parliament, 11th

and Dr. Ferretier. (Hist. p. 133.) edit. " Ammiance." 3 jj^ ]\jg_ q^ u rfj^g arryval of 1000 Franchemen and ma." Vautr. edit.
Iq Vautr.

corresponds with the text.

15o9.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

897

foirseing the dainger gaif adverteisment, requyring that provisiouii

mycht be

fund, bcfoir that the evill sould exceid our

to put

wisdome and strenth

remedy

to the

same

for

prudent

men

foirsaAV,

that sche prctcndit ane

phme

conqueist.
stur,
is

Bot to

the end, that the pepill soukl not suddanlie

sche wald
said,)

nocht

brmg

in hir full force at aneis, (as befoir

traffique

bot
so

by continewall
that in the

purposit to

augment
to

hir

army,

end we sould not be

abill

resist.

Bot the

greitest pairt of the Nobilitie,

and many of the

solistaris,

pepill,

war

so

enchantit by hir treassonabill

heir,

that thay could not

nor creddeit the treuth planelie spokin.

The Frensche
to brag
:

than, efter the arry\'ell of thair

new men, began

ane was
Priour
;

than

began thay
to

to

devyde the landis and

;

THE DEVIlordsehipi)is according SIOUN OF

styleit

thair
;

awin fantaseis
yea, thay

for
le

Monsieur de

landis
frensche.

Ergyle

ane uther. Monsieur

;

the thrid. Monsieur de

Ruthven

war

assureit, in thair
list,

awin opinioun, to
askit the rentallis

possesse quhatsoever thay

that

sum

and rcvenewis of dyverse mennis

landis, to the
yitt

end that [thay]

sche
:

mycht chuse the

eschame nott to
"

best.

And

in this

menetjmie,

sett out

ane Proclamatioun, in this forme

FoKSAMEKLE
brutis,

as

WO Understand

that

certane

seditious f^fj^^' C LAMAopt'be^the

gent.^'to''

personis hes invcntit

evill

and blawin abrod dyvers rumouris and

and

tending thairby to steir wp the hartis of the

to stope all reconciliatiounis bctuix us

pepill,

and swa

vulgar

our subjectis, being of the nomber of the Congregatioun, and

consequentlie to kyndill and nureise continewall stryfe and

devisioun in this realme, to the manifest subvertioun of the

haill Estaitis thairof
;

and amangis uther

purpoisses, hes mali-

ciouslie devisit for that effect,

and hes perswaidit too many, and that we ar

that

we

haif violatit the Appointment laitlie tanc, in sa far as

ony

ma

Frensche
1

men

sensyne ar cumit in

Thi^?

maiginal note

is

taken into the text in MS. G.

398
myiiclit to

THE HISTORY OF
draw
in greit forceis of
tliis

Book

II.

men

of weir furtli of France,

tlie inliabitantis

to suppres the libertie of

tliairof,

realme, oppres

and

mak up
it is

straingaris with thair landis and goodis

Quhilk reportis ar
untrew.

all

(God knawis) maist vayne,

lies

fenzeit,

and
be

For

of treuth, that natliing

bene done on
it
:

ourc pairt sen the said Appointment,

allegeit, that

quhairby

may

ony point thairof

lies

bene contravenit

nor yitt

was

at that

tyme any thing commnnit

or concludit to stope
cleirlie

the sending in of Frensche

men

as

may

appeir be in-

spectioun of the said Appointment, quhilk the beirar heirof

hes presentlie to scliaw.

arryveit,

Quliat[evir] noniber of

men

of weir be

we
is

[have] sick regaird to our honour, and quyetnes of

this realme, that in caise in the

rowme

of everie ane Frensche

man
BiscHop OF

that

in Scotland thair

war ane hundreth at our com-

mand,

yitt sould not for that

any joyt that

1

is

promesit be
;

AND MONSIEUE DB LA BEocHE

LETTEEIS

any alteratioun be maid be oure provocatioun bot T the said Appointment 2 treulie and surelie observit m everic
brokin, or

wRiTTiN
TO FRANCE,
THAT?'^^

maner faithfullie meane we to truble any man in the peaceabill possessioun of thair guidis and rowmes, nor yitt to enreache^ the Crowne, and far less any strangear, for our derrest sone and dochter, the with your substance King and Queue, ar by Godis provisioun placeit in the rowme,
point, gif the said Cono-regatioun will in lyk c> ^
J'

...
all

...

r>

00

keip thair pairt thairof

Nor

yitt

quhair

men

of jugement

neid of any manis guidis.

may And

weill considder thay

for our self,

have na

we

seik

na thing

bot debtfull obedience unto tliame,

sick

as

guid subjectis

audit to gif to thair Soveraneis, without dcminutioun of your

liberteis
foir,

and

priveleigeis, or alteratioun of

your lawis.*

Thairfoirsaid,

we thocht guid

to notilie unto

yow our guid mynd

^

'

" witness

In MS. G, this marginal note ends, how this was kept ;" but

In the orig. MS. and in Vautr.

edit.

Vautr.

edit, is the same with the text. The Letters here referred to as having

" proclamation." ^ In MS. G, " inriche."

* In MS. G, " our laws."

" our liberties," and

been sent to France, are not contained

in

any

jirinted collection.

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

desyi'eis

399

and

yow not

to gif cir nor crcddeitt to sic

vayno

imaginationis, quliairof, bcfoir God, no pairte over cntcrit in

our consait

nor suffer your

;

selfis

be tliairby led frome youre ye

sail

dew obedience
beliaifand your
tiling

assureing yow,

ever fynd with us

;

trewtli in promeisses,
selffis

and ane moderlic

our^ obedient
tliat

luif towartis all

yow

JJpxTr

tp"
o"^

subjectis.

Bot of one
Precliearis of

";j.{j"',^

we

gif

yow

wairning,

quhairas

sum

^""'"

the Congregatioun, in
cntlie

tliair publict

sermonis, speikis irrever-

and sldandcrouslic,
induceing the

alsweill of Princeis in generall, as

of our self in particulare,

and of the obedience

to the liiear

poweris

pepill,

be that pairt of thair doctrine,

to defectioun frome thair dewatie, quhilk joertenis to religioun, bot rather to seditioun

na thing
direct

and tumult, thingis

contrar to religioun

thairfoir

we desyre yow

to tak ordour in

youre toun and boundis, that quhan the Precliearis repairis

tliair,

thay use thame

selfis

mair modestlie in thay

belialfis,

and in thair prccheing not and publict governance, nor

witli
ferrit.

to mell sa
yit

mekle with
us, or
it

civill policie
'^!^^ld^be

name

uther Princeis, bot

will

honour and reverence, utherwayis

nocht be suf-

""^"i^eIi^'s
^^ '^''^

Attour,2 sen ye haif prescntlie the doclaratioun of our

^^^'

intentioun,

we

pairt to us, that

your liandis
writt,

knaw lykwayis quliat sail be your we may understand quhat to lippin for at quliairof we desire ane playne doclaratioun in
desire to

with this beirar, without excuise or delay.

the tweutie aucht of August 1559."

"

At Edinburgh,

This proclamatioun sche send be

all

liir

messingcris throwch
in all pairtis,
;

the cnntrey, and had

liir

solistaris

quha

Ijayncfullie travellit to bring

men

to hir opinioun

amangis

quliam
;

tliir

war the

principallis. Sir

Johnne Bellendcn, Justice

Lowthiane, Maister
Laird of
lias,

Clerk Maister James Balfour, Thomas and Maister Williame

1

Officiall of

Scottis, sonnis to the

Vautr.

In

MS. G, "

as obeclieut."

presently."

edit,

"

Ami

In MS. G, " Anfl seing ye have

seeing you have presently."'

400
Balwerie,! Sir

THE HISTORY OP

Book

II.

Robert Carnegy, and Maister Gawane

for

Hamand

miltoun

qulia

faynting-

of the

bretheris

liairtis,

drawing

many

to the Queneis factioun against thair natyve

declairit

cuntrey, have

thanie

selfis

ennemeis to God, and

Bot
abiiiff all utheris

traytouris to thair

commune

wealth.

Maister James Balfour,

abhoirrit
;

Officiall

for the tyme,

is

audit to be

for he, of

ane auld professoure,

becum ane new

seiking to

denyare of Christ Jesus, and manifest blasphemar of his eternall veritie,

aganis his knawlege and conscience

betray his brethren and natyve cuntrey in the handis of ane

crewell

and unfaithfull natioun. The answer to this former proclamatioun was maid
:

in forme

as followis
"

to the nobilitie, burghis, and communitie of this Realme of Scotland, the Lordis, Baronis, and
UTHERIS,

BrETHERIN OF THE ChRISTIANE CoNGREGAWITH THE AD-

TIOUN, "WISCHIS ENCREASE OF WISDOME,

VANCEMENT OF THE GLORIE OF GOD, AND OF THE COMMUNV/EALTH, &C. &C.

"

The

love of oure natyve cuntrey

craifis,

the defence of

oure honouris requyreis, and the synceritie of oure conscienceis

compellis us, (derrest Brethren,) to answer
last Avrittingis

sum

pairt to the

and proclamatiounis
tlie

sett furth

be the Queneis

genealogical account of
inserted
in

an-

cient family of the Scots of Balweary,

in

Fife,

is

Douglas's
this

Scott of Petgormo, bia second son, was appointed his successor, 19th November that year. This Thomas Scott was
Justice-Clerk,

Baronage, pp. 302-306.

learn, that there

From
five

we

were

persons of

ELnox

has

recorded

whose death, in 1539, see page 69.

:

the same name, in regular succession,

at the end of the 15th,

16th centuiy.

Sir*

and during the William Scott, who

at Floddon,

was taken prisoner

was no-

minated the first of the Lords of Session on the Temporal side, at the institution of the College of Justice in May 1532 but he died very soon after as Thomas
;

Another Thomas Scott of Petgormo, probably a younger son of his brother Sir William, had a charter of the lands of Petgormo, confirmed 22d March 1551. I have some old deeds, between the years of 1570 and 1574, in some of whicli he
is

styled of Abbotshall, in others,

of

Petgormo.

1.5/59.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

Rcg-eiit,

401

Grace

no

less to

mak
to

us and oure cans odiouse, than

to abuse your simplicitie

youre

finall

destructioun,

confirst,

spyreit of auld,

and now alreaddy put

to wark.

And

quhair

sclie allegeis

certane seditious personeis have of malice

inventit
(as

and blawin abrod diverse rumouris, [tending-] thairby sche allegeis) to steir up the hartis of the pepill to sediFrensche

tioun, be reassone that the

lait in

men

ar croppin in of

our cuntrey

trew

it is,

(deir Brethren,) that all sick as

heir naturall lufe to tliair cuntrey,

to yow, tliair brethren,

inhabitantis thairof, to our housses, wyffis, bairneis, the espe-

rance of your posteratie, and schortlie and the ancient lawis and libertieis
hart

to

your commun-wealth,
can not hot in
complayne, the maist

thairof,

lament, with

mowtli and

teiris

craftie assaultis devisit

all thir

and
;

practisit, to the utter

rewyne of
is

thyngis foirnameit

and that sua manifestlie

gane

to wark, that

evin in our eyeis oure derrest brethren, trew

memberis of oure commun-welth, ar maist crewellie oppressit

by strangearis

in

sa far that

sum

ar baneissit tliair awin

housses, sum.robbit

and

spuilzeit of thair substance, conqueist

by thair just laubouris

diouris

in

the sweit of thair browis

sum
soul-

crewellie murtherit at the pleasour of thir

;

inhumane

and altogidder have thair

lyvis in sick feir

and dred;

dour, as gif the

ennemy war

in the

myddis of thamc

so that

nathing can seme plesand unto thame, quhilk tliay possess in

the bowellis of thair natyve cuntrey
;

sa neir jugeis everie

man, (and not but just

bairneis, housses,

cans,) the practise usit

upoun

thair

brethren to approche nixt unto thame

thair

selffis.

wyffeis,

and

substanceis, quhilk altogidder ar cassin

at the feit of straingearis,

men

of weir, to be

by thame thus
if it

abusit att thair unbrydillit lustis desyre.

tioun,

Now,

be sedi-

(deir Brethren,) to complane, lament,

and pour furth

ellis

befoir

God

the sorrowis [and] sobbis of oure dolorouse hartis,

crjdng to him for redress of thir enormyteis, (quhilk

is

quhair

not to be found
VOL.
I.

;)

and

thir altogidder dois [proceid] of the

2 c

402

THE HISTORY OF
sulclioiiris

Book

II.

unlauclifuU lialding of strange

over the heidis of oure

brethren

gif this to

complayne be
sick

sedition,

then indeid, (deir

;

Brethren,) can nane of us be purgeit of that cryme

in verray hart

for as

we dampne

inhumayne

creweltie, with the

wickit and craftie pretence thairof, sua can we, nor dar
nott, neather

we
si-

be mouthis speiking, nor yitt by keiping of

lence, justifie the same.

Neather do we heir aggrege the brekbot quhan

ing of the Ajjpointmentt maid at Leith, (quhilk alwayis hes

manifestlie bene done

we have maid
wickit

to our

w remember quhat aith commun-welth, and how the dewatie we

;)

aucht to the same compellis us to cry outt, that hir Grace, be

and ungodlie
alsweill

counsall, gais maist craftelie about ut-

terlie to oppress the same, and ancient lawis and libertieis

thairof,

aganeis the King of Francis promeise, hir

awin dewatie, in respect of the heich promotionis that sche

resavit thairby, quhilk justlie sould

have caussit hir to have

callit,

bene indeid that quhilk sche wald be

less in veritie,) to wit,

(and

is

nathing

ane

cairfull

mother ovir

this

commun-

wealtli
LETT TUE KOBILITIE

bot quhat motherlie cair sche hes usit towardis yow,

ye can not be ignorant.

first

Haif ye nocht bene, evin frome the

JUGE
HEIROF.

entres of hir regno, ever smytit

and oppressit with unit

accustomit and exhorbitant taxatiounis, [more] than ever war

usit within this

realme

Yea, and how far was

socht heir

to

have bene brocht in upoun yow and your

posteritie,
?

under
in-

cullour to have bene laid uj) in stoir for the weiris

The
and

quisitioun tane of

all
;

your guidis, movable and immovabill,

the seiking of the haill
coill

be

way

of testament

saltt

of this realme, to have bene laid

up

in stoir

and

gernall,

and

sche allane to have bene merchant thairof, dois teache

yow

be experience sum of her motherlie

" Agane,

cair.

Quhat

cair

Grace instantlie

beir,

ower your commun-wealth dois hir quhan evin now presentlie, and of ane

lang tyme bygane, be the ministerie of sum, (quha better

deserve the gallowis, than ever did Cochrane,^) sche dois sua
^

Sec note

1,

page

80.

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

tlic layiti

403

corrupt
sic

money, and
that

lies broclit it in

sick basenes,

and

quantatic of

sciiiiff,

all

men

that

lies tliair cyis

oppin

may

persaif ane extreme beggarie to be brocht thairthrow

haill

upoun the
traffique to

roalme,

swa that the

haill

exchange and

be had with forane natiounis, (ane thing maist

in
;

necessarie

all

commun-wealthis,)
all

sail

thairby be utterlic
is,

extinguissitt

and

the ganeis resavit thairby

that schc
For, Bre-

thairwith intertenis strangearis upoun oure heidis.

thren, ye

knaw

that hir

money hes

servit for

na uther pur;

tyme bigane and the impunitie of thir wickit ministcris, (quhame laitlie we spak of,) hes brocht the mater to sick ane licentious enormitie, and
poise in our comniun-wealth this lang

plane contempt of the commun-wealth, that

now thay

spair

not planelie to brek doun and convert the guid and stark

money, cunzeit in our Soveranois

ruptit skruiff

less age, into this thair cor-

and baggage of Hard-heidis and Non

Suntis,2
all

maist lyik that sche and thay had conspji'eit to destroy

LETT SIR
^J; BERT

the haill gud cunzey of this realme, and consequentlie that

pairt of the

RICHARTSOUN, AND
TTTHERIS.S

commun-wealth.
:"

Besydeis

all this,

thair cl}q}pit asswer'to

THIS

1 In the MS. " laid Vautr. edit. has " laied money ;" IMS. G, " layit mony." In September 155-1, the Trea-

surer delivered to an English miner,

" aucht imce of siluer, to of siluer
is

mak ane

assay
it

and

lai/it

mony."

In 1587,

called " allayed" (alloyed) money.

2

ped money. The particular kinds here named, were Hard-heads, or Lions, a small coin with the roj'al cj^pher crowned, on one side, and a Lion rampaut on the other. The JVon Simts, so called in Acts of Parliament, had the arms of Francis and Mary, mostly bearing the date 1559.
This

great quantities of base

During the minority of Queen Mary, money had been struck, or brought from France and Flanders, and obtaining circulation, had the effect of raising the prices of provisions and other necessaries in this country. Many enactments were made
in regard to the currency at this time,
at apparently without much effect in the year 1574, all such
;

name was
. .

given them from the legend, on the obverse, iam non satjt dvo seu
. . .

The comparative value of these coins is determined by an Act of Parliament, December 1507, by which " all Non Sunts were proclamit to Gd., Bawbies to 3d., Plakis to 2d., and Ilardheidis to lialf-penyis and the penneis
^'NA
.

caro.

length,

to stand as thai ar."

vol.
ii.

(Acta Pari. Scot,

money was
mation,
lation

called in

by public proclafurther circu-

p.

43

Lindsay's Couiage of Scot-

to prevent the

land, p. 239.)
'

of false,

counterfeit,

and

clip-

See page 372.

404

THE HISTORY OF
soussis,! qiiliilk

Book

1 1.

and rowngeit

had no passage

thir three yeiris

past in the realme of France, ar

commandit

to

have course in

this realme, to gratifie thairby hir

all thir

new cumit

suldiouris.

And

thingis togidder, ar done without the aviso or consent

of the Nobilitie and Counsall of this realme,

and manifestlie
fullie

thairthrow, against our ancient lawis and liberteis.

" Thridlie,

Hir

last

and maist wechty proceiding, mair

in

declairis hir motherlie cair hir Grrace beiris to our

comraun-

wealth and

us,

quhan

tyme

of peace, but

any occatioun of

forane weiris, thowsandis of strangearis ar layd heir and thair

upoun the neckis of our pure memberis of

wealth
;

this

commun-

thair idill bellyis fed

upoun the pure substance of the

communitie, conqueist by thair just laubouris in the panefull

sueit of thair browis.

Quhilk to be trew, Dumbar, North-

Berwick, Tranent, Prestounpanis, Mussilburgh, Leith, Cannogait,

Kingorne, Kirkcaldy, Dysert, with the depauperat saullis

;

that this day dwell thairin, can testifie

as doutless
it

quhais oppressioun,

is

enterit in befoir the justice sait of God, sa

audit

it

justlie to

move oure
for

hartis to have reuth

and com-

passioun upoun thir oure pure brethren, and at oure poweris

to provide

remedy

the same.

And

albeit hir strangearis

had bene
nott,) yitt

garneissit with money, (as ye

knaw

weill

thay war

can thair heir lying be na wayis bot maist hurtfull to our commun-wealth, seing that the fertilitie of this realme
hes never bene sa plenteouse, that

tinewance to sustene the

self,
;

it was abill of any conand inhabitantis thairof, without

support of forane cuntreis

far less abill, besydeis the same, to

it

susteane thowsandis of strangeris quhairwith

to the derthing of all viweris,^ as the

is

burdenit,

murmour and complaint

:

In

MS.

G,

" thair

clippit

and
clip-

rongit sollis."

Vautr.

edit,

has "

pit and roiinged souses." That is, clipped or ronged sols or sous, (a kind of small French money well known,) worn

away, or reduced in size by a file the sou being equivalent to 10 centimes, and 10 sous to Si franc.
*

In MS. G, " derthning of

all

vic-

tuillis;"

Vautr.

edit,

has "vivaris."

1559.

THE REFORMATION
this
is

IN SCOTLAND.

405
effect

of

Edinburgh

day dois
this

testifie.

Bot to quliat

the
;

commun-wealth
for

way

burdenit, the end dois declair

to
tlie

sehortlie

war thair brocht

liegeis,
ellis

feyklis

against

our

Soveraneis trew

even us youre Brethren, quha, (God

bot peace of conscience, under pro-

knawis,) soclit not

tectioun of oure Soverane,

niiteis,

for

and reformatioune of thir enorna uther caus bot that we wald nott renunce the

Evangell of Jesus Chryst, and subdew oure neckis under the

tyranie of that

man

of syn, the

Romane
all

Antichrist,

and

his

foirswornc schavillingis, qulia at

oppressit oure saullis with
reft

tymeis moist tyrannicalie

hunger of Goddis trew word, and

oure guidis and substanceis, to Avaist the same upoun

thair foull lustis

and stynking

harlottis.

" Bot, (0 dcir Brethren,) this

was nocht the cheif pretence

in oure hartis to

and

finall
;)

scope of hir proceidingis, (as thir dayis do weill

for

declair

had not God gevin

withstand

that oppressioun with weaponis of maist just defence, thow,

Sanct Johnestoun and Dundie, had bene in na better estait

nor youre
deid (God
citie of

sister of Leytli is this day.

is Avitnes)

For thocht we in

verra}^

menit then na thing

bot, in the simpli-

oure hartis, the mentenance of trew religioun, and oure brethren professouris of
tlife

saiftie of

same, yit lay thair

ane uther serpent lurking in the breist of our adversareis, as

this day, (prayse to God,)
is jilanelie

oppinnit to

all

that

list

behald, to witt, to bring

petuall servitude of

yow and us baith under the perstrangearis for we being ap^Dointit, as ye

;

knaw, tuiching religioun

the day
affixt,
is

to be reassonit in the Counsall at to

and na occatioun maid

weill knawin,) yitt
this

brek the same on

our sydc, (as

come

thair fuiih writtingis

Avar prepairit

and complayntis, that

Avas

day and that day we

(quhan

to invaid hir Graceis persone,

in verray treuth thair

lies declairit
;)

never

sic

thing thocht, as the verray deid

bot becaus sche was befoir deliberatt to bryng in Frensche

men

to

bayth oure destructionis, that yc sould nott stur thair-

406
with, sche

THE HISTORY OF
maid yow
to understand, that

Book

II.

thay bandis came

craft,

onlie for the saiftie of hir

subtiltie
!

awin persone.

Brethren

Bot behald the end.

Thay

ar cum, (yitt not

sa

mony,

na, not the saxt pairt that sche desyreit

and lukit

THE CAUS for,) and how?i OF THE FEENCHE MENIS CUM- Graceis persone, bot
ING WITH

Not

onlie with weaponis

to

defend hir

with wyffis and bairneis, to plant in youre

WYFFIS

natyve rowmeis,^ as thay have alreddy begun in the toun of

Leith, the principall port

AND BAIE
NEis."'""

and

stapill of all this realme,

:

the

gernall

and furnitour of the Counsall and Sait of Justice

and

heir will thay duell, quhill thay

greitar
rest,

may

rainforce

thame with
feirit

nomber

of thair fallow suldiouris, to

not.

subdew than the

Grace
nor

gif

God withstand
'

And

yitt hir

cschamit not to write,

Gif thay war ane hundreth Frensche

is

men
sould

for everie

ane of thame that

Tell

in Scotland, yitt thay

!

harme na man.'
:

thow now, Leith

gif that be

trew

gif this be not ane crafty entrie to ane manifest con-

queist, foirthocht of auld, juge yow, deir

forte our tounis,

Brethren

Thus

to

and evin the

principall port of our realme,

and

to lay sa Strang garnisouns^ of straingearis thairin, with-

out any consent of the Nobilitie and Counsall of this realme,

bot expres aganeis thair

mynd,

(as our writtingis

send to hir

Grace
lawis

beiris

record,)

gif this be not

to oj^pres the ancient

all

and

libertieis of

oure realme, lett

wise

men

say to

it.^

And
nallis

farther, to

tak the barne-yairdis new gatherrit, the gergarnissit,

replenischeit, the houssis

and

to sitt

doun

thairin,

and be

force to putt the just possessouris

and ancient
na uthir

inhabitantis thairfra, with thair wyffis, bairneis, and servandis,

to schyft [for]

thame

selfis

in begging, gif thair be

meaneis, thay being trew Scottis men, memberis of our com-

mun-wealth, and our deir brethren and

sisteris,

borne, fosterit,

and brocht up
^

in the bowellis of oure

commune and natyve

In MS. G, " and

how are they cum?''

In the other copies " garrisouns."

InMS.

G, "townes;" in Vautr. edit.

''In
edit,
a.s

MS. G, "see
above.

to it;"

in Vaiitr.

" roomes."

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

:

4(i7

cuntrcy

gif this be not

tlio

manifest declaratioun of thair

tlie

auld pretence and

mynd

to

haill

Scottis natioun, lett

your awin conscience, (Brethren,) be

Leith of the Congrcgatioun
?

jiige hcirin.
;

"Was

all all

Na, I think nott

yitt

war

alyk

seiTit.

" Let this motherlie cair

than be tryit be the

fruttis thairiisit

of

First,

Be the

greit

and exhorbitant taxatiounis

at,

upoun

yow, and yitt ten tymeis greittar prcissit

Secundlie,
tliarby

as ye knaw.

The money
to

utter depravatioun of our counzie, to conqueiss

to interteyne strangearis, Frensche suldiouris,

upoun yow,

tyme

exj)ell

mak thame strong lialdis, leist ye soukl sumthame out of your nat}^^e rowmeis.l Tliridlie, Be

the daylic rainforceing of the said Frensche souldiouris, in

strenth and nomber, with wyffis and bairneis, planting in your

brethrenis houssis and possessiouns.

lies

Indeid, hir Grace

is,

and
your

bene at

all

tymes

cairfull to

procure be hir craft of fair

to allure

wordis, fair promeissis,

and sumtyme buddis,

your
us, that

simplicitie to that poynt, to joyne

to

self to hir suldiouris,

dantoun and oppres

of,)

ye the remanent, (we being

cut

may

be ane easie pray to hir slychtis, quliilk God, of

infinite gudnes, lies

now

discoveritt to the eyeis of all that list

will

to behald.

Bot credeit the warkis, (deir Brethren,) gif ye

;

not creddeit us

and lay the exampill of forane natiouns, yea, of

eyis,

your awin brethren, befoir your

and procure not your awin

thairto,

rewyne

willinglie.

Yff ye tender trew religioun, ye see how

hir Grace beiris hir[self] plane

ennemy

and mcntenis

the tyrannic of thair

Kirk.

idill bellies,

the Bischopis, agancis Godis

Giif religioun be nott perswaidit unto yow, yit cast ye

not away the cair jc audit to have ower your commun-wclth,

quhilk ye see manifestlie and violentlie re-vvyneit befoir your

eyis.

Gif this

will nott

move yow, remember your

deir wyffis,
;

children,

and
>

posteratie, your ancient heretageis

and houssis

Tu

MS. G,

" realme;'" in Vautr.

cflit.

"loomes."

408

THE HISTORY OF
weill

Book

II.

and think

thir strangearis Mall regaird

na mair your

lyclit thaii*unto,

than thay have done your brethrenis of Leyth,

Bot gif ye purpoise, as we
thay that ather half wit or manheid will

qulian ever occatioun sail serve.

dout not bot that

declair

all

and prove

indeid, to bruik your ancient

rowmeis and

heretageis, conquerit maist valiantlie,

and defendit be your

gif ye

maist nob ill progenitouris against

all

strangearis, invaidaris oi
;

the same, as the Frenscheis pretendis j)lanelie this day

will not
wiffis,

be slavis unto thame, and to have your

liffis,

your
deir

your bairnes, your substance, and quhatsoever

feitt,

is

unto yow, cassin at thair

befoir your eyeis
lieirof in

to

be usit and abusit at the

plesour of strange suldiouris, as ye see your brethrenis at this

day day

gif ye will not

(as

have exijerience sum

least of

your awin personeis,

we suppone the

yow wald
serv'e

not glaidlie have, bot rather wald chuse with honour

to die in defence of his

awin natyve rowme, than

;)

leif let

and
us

sa

schamefidl ane servitud

forceis,

than, Brethren,

joyne our

and baith with witt and manheid

ellis

resist thir

begynningis,
bocht.
ANE
PRO.

or

our libertieis heirefter

sail

be deirar

Lett us

sureliei

be perswaidit,

'

Quhan our nychtwill be sa

VKEB.

bouris house be on fyre, that

we

duell nott without daingear,'2

:

Lett na

man withdraw

himself heirfra

and gif any

unhappy and myschevous, (as we suppone nane to be,) let us altogidder reput, hald, and use him, (as he is indeid,) for ane ennemy to us, and to him self, and to his commun-weill. The
eternall

and omnipotent God, the trew and

onlie revengear of

the oppressit, be oure confort and oure protectour against the

fury and raige of the tyrantis of this warld
;

and

especiallie

frome the insaciabill covetousnes of the Guisianeis^ generatioun.

Amen."
Fergusson, sometime Minister at Diuiis

1
'^

In MS. G, " fui'tlier." " Quhen thy neighbom-s house take tent to thy awn."
:

on

fermline," &c.
'

Edinburgh, 1641,
;" in

4to.)

fire,

(" Scottish

Proverbs

Gathered together by David

In MS. G, " Guysianis edit. " Guisians."

Vautr.

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

this,

409
certane

Besydis
" GyiF

our publict

letter,

heidis of hir proclamatioun on this

it

sum men answerit maner

:

be seditious to speik the treuth in

tyrannie befoir that

all

sobrietie,

and

to

complaync qulian
unjust

tliay ar woundit, or to call for help

tliair

against

throttis

be cutt,

than can we not deny, bot we ar criminall and

giltie of

tumult
is

and

seditioun.

For we have said that our commun-wealth

oppressit, that Ave

of strangearis,

and our brethren ar hurt be the tyrrannie and that we feir bondage and slaverie, seing and consent.

that multitudeis of cruell murtheraris ar daylie broclit in our

cuntrey, without our counsall, or knawlege

We

dispuit not sa mekill quhidder the bringing in of

ma

Frensche

men be
in

violating of the Appointment, (quhilk the

Queue nor

hir factioun can not

deny

to be manifestlie brokin be thame,

ma

caisses

than ane,) as that we wald knaw, gif the heipus,

ping of strangearis upoun strangearis above

counsall or consent, be ane thing that
libeiiie of our realme,

without our

may

stand with the

of our

and with the

to all

wealth.
fruitis of

It is not

unknawin

our cuntrey, in the maist

commun men of jugement, that the commun yeiris, be na mair

proffitt

than

sufficient reassonabill to nureis the

borne inhabitantis of

the same.

Bot now, seing that we have bene vexit with

weiris, taikin

upoun us

at the plesour of France,

by the quhilk
see,

the maist fruttfull portioun of our cuntrey in cornels hes bene

waistit
;

quhatt

man

is

sa blynd bot that he

idill

may
?

that sic
ellis

bandis of ungodlie

and

suldiouris can be

na thing

bot ane occatioun to fameis our pure brethren

and

in this

poynt we refuise
all

nott,

(quhilk

is

the cheif,) the jugement of

naturall Scottis men."

The Queue Regent

hundreith Frensche
"

allegeit,

"

That althocht thair war ane

yitt sehe is not

men

for

ane in Scotland,

niyndit to trubill any in his just possessioun."

Quhairto

we
bot

answer,

That we disput not quhat schc intendis, (quhilk

is

nochtthelcss, be probabill conjectouris,

to be suspcctit

;)

410
alwayis
is

THE HISTORY OF
we
affirme, tliat sick

Book

II.

ane multitude of Frensclie

men

ane burding, not onlie

unproffitaLill, Lot alssua intollerabill

to this pure realme, especiallie being intreatit as tliay ar be

liir

and Monsieur Dosell

for gif tbair waigeis

be payit out of

France, than ar thay baith (the Queue,

Dosell,) traytouris to the

we

say,
;

and Monsieur
for the

Kyng and

Counsall

pure

communis of
quhat
"
befoir.

this realme

have sustenit tliame with the sweit

of thair browis, sence the contracting of the peace,

and sumto
this

Quhat motherlie effectioun

sche

lies

declairit

realme, and to the inhabitantis of the same, hir warkis have

e^adentlie declairit, evin sence the first lioure that sche lies

borne authoritie

and

albeit

men

will not this

feir w^e, feir

day sec quhat

that or
it

daingear liyngis over thair heidis, yitt

long, experience sail teicli

be

sum

that

we

not without cause.

The

crewell murthar

and oppressioun

usit

be tharae quliam
is

now

sche fosteris,

is till

us ane sufficient argument, quhatt

to be luikit for, qulian hir

nomber

is

sa multipleit, that oure

force sail not be abill to gainestand thair tyranie. " Quliair sche complenis of our Prechearis, affirmyng that

irreverentlie thay speik of Princeis in generall,

particular,

and of hir

in

induceing the

pej)ill

thairby to defectioun frome

thair dewatie, &c.,

suiferit
:

and

thairfor that sick thing can nott be

is

THE DOCTRINE OF

had aganis^ Godis trew Ministeris, we can not hot witnes quhat tred and ordour of doctrine thay have keipitt and yitt keip in that poynt. In
Becaus this occatioun
thay commend to God
all

OUR PRECH- publict prayeris ARIS CONCEENINa

OBEDIENCE
TO BE

Princeis in generall,

and the Magistrattis of

jyj^g^g^j.r^^ls

this our iiatyA'e

realme in particular.

GEVIN TO
MA(.ibiKAiMAGISTRAT-

In oppin audience thay declair the auctoratie of Princeis and

iq
\^q

q^ q-q(J

r^j^j

tliaiifolr

thay affirme, that thay

;

audit to be honourit,
providit that thay
'

feirit,

obey it, evin for conscience saik

command

nor requ^TO nathing expreslie

;

In In

MS. G, MS. G,

" gevin to Princes."

"

is

layd against

"'

Yautr.
is

edit, has,

" Be-

Becaus

this accusatioun

canse this occasion

hijd against."

1559.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

411

repugning to Godis commcandiment and

liis

jilane will, revcillit in

lioly

wordo.

Mairover, tliay affirme, that gif wickit per-

soneis,

abusing the auctoratie cstableischet be God,

command
do brydill

thingis manifestlie wickit, that sick as

may and

thair inordinatt appetyteis of Princeis, can not be accusit as

resistaris of the aucthoratic,

quhilk

is

Godis gud ordinance.

in free

To

brydill the fury

and raige of Princeis

it

kingdomes
Nobilitie,

and

realmeis,

thay affirme

appertenis to

the

sworne and borne Counsallouris of the same, and allsua to

the Barronis and
requyreit in
welth.
all
Pei3ill,

quliais voteis

and consent ar

to be

greit

and weclity materis of the communselffis

Quhilk gif thay do not, thay declair tliame

criminall with thair Princeis,

and sa subject

to the

same ven-

geance of God, quhilk thay desen^e, for that thay pollute the
sait of justice,

and

do, as it war,

mak God

author of iniquytie.

Thay proclame and thay

maid the
fidl

cry, that

the same

God quha

plaigit

Pharoo, repulsit Senacherib, struik Herod with wormes, and

bellies of dogis

the grave and sepulchrie of despyte-

JesabcU, will nott spair the crewell Princeis, murthcraris

of Chrystis

memberis

in this our tyme.

On

this

manor thay

speik of Princeis in generall, and of youre Grace in particular.

This onlie

we have hard ane

' ;

of oure Prechearis sav, rebuikino- ashhspay

selffis,

the vane excuise of sick as flatter thame the auctoratie

be reassone of ^'^^ ?,''"^^

sInce't^hk ^^''^^^'^'^

Many now

a dayis, (said he,) will have na

uther religioun nor faith than the Queue and the authoratie AND pum.iCATIOUN hcs.'2 Bot is it [not] posseble, that the Queue be sa far blyndit heIrof
'

This margiual note occm-s both in

but

before

Knox's

death,

in

1572,

MS. G, and in Vautr. edit.; but MS. G, makes it, " Let sick as this day live, witness if God hcs wrocht since the writting of this." The precise time when this note was written is doubtful,

and
this

in all probability in the

hand of
In

his Secretary,

Richard Bannatyne.

portion of the

MS. the colour of

it

the ink, &c., resembles the latter part

of Book Fouj-th
liar

but

exliibits
is

a pccu-

as several leaves of
(folios

tlie

original MS.,

orthogi-aphy,

and

transcribed

137 to 158,) corresponding with pages 381 to 432 of the present edition. seem to have been rc-writtcn, after 15<)6,

with
"

much

less

In

MS. G,

accuracy than usual, " lialdis ;" in X'autr. edit,

liad."

412
that sche will
liaif

THE HISTORY OF
na
religioun, nor
?

Book
utlier fayth, tlian
it

II.

na

may

content to the Cardinall of Lorane

and may

nott lykwyise

be

that the Cardinall be sua corruj^t, that he will admitt na religioun quhilk dois nott establische the Paip in his kingdome Bot plane it is, that the Paip is lievetenent to Sathan,
abill,
:

and ennemy
Lett

to

Chryst Jesus, and to his perfyte religioun.

men

thairfoir considder

quhat daingear thay stand

faith

in,

gif thair salvatioun sail

religioun.

depend upoun the Queneis

and

Farder we have never hard any of oure Prechearis

speik of the Queue Regent, nether publictlie nor privatlie.

Quhair

liir

Grace

declairis,

'

It will nocht

be

suiferit that
liir

oure

prechearis mell with policie, nor speik of

Princeis bot with reverence,'
justifie

nor of utlier
will

we answer,
alio wit in his

'

That as we

and defend nathing

to

in oure prechearis, quhilk

we fynd

not

God
;

have

justifeit

and

messingeris befoir

thame
THE PROPHEITTIS HAIF MIDDILLIT

sua dar

we

not forbid thame oppinlie to reprehend

that quhilk the Spreit of God, speiking in the Propheitis and

Apostillis, hes reprehendit befoir
allie

thame.

Helias did jjerson-

reprove
;

Achab and

Jesabell of idolatrie, of avarice, of

WITH
POLICEY,

murther

and

sicklik Esaias the Propheit callitt the magis-

AND HES
EEPEOVIT THE CORRUPTIOTIN THAIROF.

trattis of

Jerusalem in his tymeis companzeounis to thevis,

princeis of Sodome, biybe-takeris,

plenit that thair silver

and murtheraris

He

com-

was turnit in

to dross, that thair

wyne

was myngleit with watter, and that justice was bocht and Jeremias said, That the baneis of King Jehoiakim sauld.
'

sould widder with the sone.'

Christ Jesus callit

afie

and Paul
justice he

callit

the Hie Preist

Herod a fox payntit wall, and jDrayit

;

unto God that he sould strike him, because that against

commandit him

to be smyttin.

Now

gif the lyk or

greittar corruptiounis be in the warld this day,

quha dar

in-

terprise to jmt silence to the Spreit of God, quhilk [will] not

be subject! to the appetyteis of wickit Princeis

>

In the MS. " subjit.'

IS.W.

THE REFORMATION
have befoir
said, that

IN SCOTLAND.

413

We

the tent day of September was

appointit for ane Conventioun to be haldin at Striveling, to

the quhilk repairit the maist pairt of the Lordis of the Congregatioun.

At
tliat

that same

tyme

quha, efter

he had

sakitit his Father,

arry^dtt the Erie of Arrane, l^ F THE ERLE OF ARRANE

E CUMING

came with the Erie

of Ergylc and Lord

tioun.

James

to Striviling to the said

Conven-

TO SCOTLAND, AND uji S JOYN-

In quhilk diverse godlie

men

complenit upoun the thecongreespeciallie that

tyrranie usit against tliair brethren,

and

ma

GATIOlTN.l

Frensche

men wer

brocht in to oppress thair cuntrey.

Efter

the consiiltatioiin of certane dayis, the principall Lordis, with

my

Lord of Arrane and Erie of Ergyle, past to Hammyltoun,

be taikin with

for consultatioun to

my

Lord Duikis Grace.

Frensche
did mair

And in this menetyme came assureit word that the men war begun to fortifie Leitli quhilk thing, as it
;

evidentlie discover 2 the Queneis craft, sua did deiplie greiif

the hartis of the haill Nobilitie thair, quha, with ane consentt,
aggreit to write unto the Queue, in forme as followis
"
"
:

At Hammyltoun, the xix^ day

of

September 1559.

Pleise
"

Your Grace,
ar credibillie informeit, that your

We

army

LETTERIS of Frensche TO THE

men

sould instantlie begin to plant in Leith, to

fortifie

the

regent.

same, of

mynd

to expell the ancient inhabitantis thairof, our

;

brethren of the Congregatioun

littill,

quhairof

we marvell

not a

that your Grace sould sua manifestlie brek the Aj)pointat Leith, but

ment maid

ony provocatioun maid be us and

our brethren.

And

seing the

manor consent

of the Nobilitie

samyn is done without ony and Counsale of this rcalme,

oppressioun of our pure

we csteme the same nocht

judiciall to the

onlie

brethren, indwellaris of the said town, bot allsua verray pre-

commun-wealth, and j^layne contrair

to oure

1 In MS. G, this marginal note reads, " The hame cnniing of the Erie of Arran

out of France."

* In the MS. " discryve;" Vautr. edit. and MS. G, liave " discover." ' In Vautr. edit, "the xxix day."

414

THE HISTORY OF
:

Book

II.

ancient lawis and libertieis

Heirfoir desyreis your Grace to

;

cans the

attemjit sua

samyn warke interprysit, be stayit and rasclilie and manifestlie against your

nott

to

Grraceis

promeis,

against the commun-wealth, the ancient lawis

and

libertieis thairof, (quhilk thingis, besyde the glorie of God, ar

maist deir and tender unto

utlicrwayis,
haill

us,

and

onlie

our pretence

;)

assuring your Grace,

we

will

complayne to the
realme,

Nobilitie

and Communitie of

this

and maist

eirnistlie seik for redress thairof

And

thus,

recommending
to the eternall

oure humyll service unto youre Hienes, your Graceis answer

maist eirnistlie

we

desire,

quham we committ
yeir forsaid.

protectioun of God.
"

At Hammyltoun, day and

Be youre Graceis

humyll and obedient Servitouris."

(This letter was subscrivit with the handis of

my Lord
;

Duik,

the Erie of Arrane, Argyle, Glencairne, and Menteith

be the

Lordis Ruthwen, Uchiltre, Boyd, and by utheris diverse, Barronis

and Gentilmen.)

To

this requeist sche

wald nott answer

be writt, bot with ane letter of creddeit sche send Sir Robert

Carnegyi and Maister David Boirthick,^ tua, quham amangis

many

utheris, sche abusit,

and by quham sche

travellit

corrujitit

the

hartis of the sempill.

They

with the Duik, to bring

Robert Carnegy of Kynnaird, in

Fife,

was

tlie

son of John Carnegy,

who

On the 4th killed at Floddon. July 1547, he was nominated a Lord of

was
Session.

(Senators

of the College of sent to Eng-

Justice, p. 90.)

He was

land in 1548, to treat for the ransom of the Earl of Huntley, Lord Chancellor,

who had been taken

filled

prisoner at

the Battle of Pinkie.

In 1549 and 1550,

Carnegy

the office of " Clerk of

February 1551-2, the Treasurer paid " to Robert Carnegy, for his expensis passand to France and England, in our Soueraine Ladyis and my Lord Governouris service, quhen he remanit the space of xv weekis, in iiij" crounis of the sone, v" lib." (500.) He was frequently employed in public negotiations and had the honour of knighthood conferred on liim for his services. Mr. David Borthwick of Lochill, Ad-

our Soueraine Ladyis Thesau.rar," for which he had a yearly pension of 26,
13s. 4d.

vocate, will be afterwards noticed.

In

1578, he became Lord Advocate, and one

of the Judges in the Court of Session.

(Treasurer's

Accounts.)

In

1550.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

415

him aganc to the Queneis factioun. Bischop of Amiance were schort bofoir
brutit,

La Broche and the

arrj^'it
;

and, as

it

was

war

directit as

ambassadouris
:

bott thay keipitt cloise

thair haill commissioun

Thay

onlie

thame that wald be thairis, and leif Quene did grevonslie compLayne, that we haid intelligence with Ingland. The concliisioun of thair commissioun was to TnfuN^oF solist my Lord Duike to put all in the Queneis will, and than THE wald sche be gratious aneuch. It was answerit, " That na A NSWER. honest men durst committ thame selfis to the mercie of sick quham, gif sche wald thrott-cuttaris 1 as sche had about hir
;

maid large promeisses to the Congregatioun. The

remove, and joyne to hir ane Counsall of naturall Scottismen,

permitting the religioun to have fre passage, than sould nane
in Scotland

be mair willing to

sci-ve hir

Grace than sould the

Lordis and Brethren of the Congregatioun be."

At
to

the same tyme, the Duik his Grace and the Lordis wrait

my

Lord Erskin, Capitane of Castell of Edinburgh,

in

forme

as followis
"

My Lord and

Cousing,
LETTER TO

" Efter oure hartlie

commendatioun, this present

ar credibillie informeit,

is

to ad- tue'loVd

verteise yow, that

we

the

army

of

Frensche

men

instantlie in this realme, but

ellis

ony aviso of the

schortlie intcndis

Counsale or Nobilitie, ar fortifieand, or

to fortifie the tantis thairof
;

town of Leith, and expell the ancient inhabiquhairby thay proclame to

is

all

that will oppin

thair eiris to heir, or ene to se, quhat

thair pretence.

And

seing the faithfulnes of youre antcccssouris,

and

especiallie of

your Father, of honorabill memorie, was sa recommcndit and

experimentit to the Estaitis and Counsallouris
of- this

realme,

throwch afFectioun thay persawit in him towartis the commun-

weahh
key, as

thairof, that
it

thay doubtit not to gif in his kciping the

war, of the Counsall, the Justice, and Policey of this

'

In

MS. 0,

" cut-throattis."

416

THE HISTORY OP
;i

Book

realme, the Castellis of Edinburgli and Striveling

we c

not bot beleif ye will rather augment the honorabill favouDf

your housse, be steidfast favour and lawtie to your comroiwealth, than throuch the subtell j)ersuatioun of sum, (qulk
cair not

quhat efter

sail

cum

of

yow and your

house,) at e

present wald abuse yow, to the performance of thair wict

interprysis

and pretensis against oure commun-wealth,

utter.Avritti

to destroy the same.

And

heirfoir, seing that

we

haif

to the Queneis Grace, to desist fra that interpryse, utherwi;

that

we

will

complane

to the Nobilitie

and Communitie of
lykwise beseik yow,
of the

te
v..

realme, and seik redress thairof

We

our tender freynd, brother, and

member

same commn_
and
lyk.

wealth with

us, that

ye on na way is mell or assent to th^

aganeis the commun-wealth;

imgodlie interpryise

wyise, that ye wald saif your body, and the Jewell of this^ countrey commitit to yow and your predicessouris lawtie and
fidelitie

toward youre natyve countrey and commun-wealth. be repute heirefter ane of the samyn, and wald
;

gif ye think to

rather be brother to us, nor to strangers

for

we do gather by

the

effectis,

the secreitis of menis hartis, utherwayis inserceabill

unto

us.

This we write, nott that we ar in dout of yow, bot

rather to wairne
self to

yow

of the daingear, in caise ye thoill your

fair

be enchantit with

promeissis and craftie

coun-

1 The charge of the royal familj^ became a kind of hereditary employment John, fourth for the Erskmes of Mar. Lord Erskine, had the keeping of James the Fifth in his youth; and was ap-

succeeded by his third son, John fifth Lord Erskine, (as ah-eady noticed at page 213,) both in his title and heritable
oflSces.

When

the

Duke

of Chatel-

herault resigned the Regency to the

pointed Governor of

Stirling

Castle.

In

May

1525, he had a charter consti-

tuting

him and

his heirs Captain

and

Constable of the Castle of Stirling.

He

was

likewise one of two noblemen to

Queen Dowager, the Castle of Edinwas put in the hands of Lord Erskine. In 1559, as Governor of this important fortress, he maintained a strict neutrality between the two conbui-gh

whom

the charge of Queen Mary, in

tending parties, as
tory.

Knox mentions

at

her infancy, was entrusted.

afterwards
Castle,

He was

the begimiing of Book Thii-d of his His-

made Keeper
in

of

and died

1552.

Eduiburgh He was

And James

the Sixth, while yet

to his care.

an

infant,

was entrusted

j559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

For
lett

417
clesyre
all

salouris.

na

man
tlioclit

flatter liim selff:

We

man

[to]

knaw, that

he war our father, (sen God

will,)

lies

opi^innit oure eyes to

se

his

be he ennemy to the

commun-wealth, quhilk now

all

is assailzeit,

and we with

it,

and
is

trew memberis

thairof,

he

sail

be knawin (and as he

in

deid)

ennemy

to us, to oure lyvis, housses, babis, heretageis,

is

and quhat sumevir

contenit within the same.

For as the
?i

schip perischeing, quhat can

be saif that

is

within

Sua

the commun-wealth being betrayit, quhat particular

member

can

leif in

quyetnes

And

thairfoir in sa far as the saidis

Castellis ar

commitit to your credeitt, we desyre yow to schaw

us,

youre faithfulnes and stoutnes, as ye tender

and quhat-

sumevir appertenis to

us.

And
first,

seing

we

ar assureit ye will

be assailzeit bayth with craft and

force, as

now be wairnyng
sail

we help yow
myss
schaw your

against the

sua against the last ye

oure
i.-ssistancc.

not

in all possibill
selff

haist to have
Sailf

Onlie

the man.

your persone by wisdome,

assist

strenth your selff against force,

and the Almychtie God

yow

in baith the

ane and the uther, and oppin youre eyis^

understanding, to see and persaif the craft of Sathan and his

suppoistis.

"At Hammyltoun,

the xix day^ of September 1559.

Be

your Brethren, &c."

The Duike and Lordis understanding that the

Striviling

fortificatioun

of Leitli proceidit, appointit thair haill forceis to convene at

the xv day

of October,

that

frome thence thai

mycht marche fordwart

to Edinburgh, for the redress of the

greit enonnyteis quhilk the Frensche did to the haill cuntrey, p'^^Jv"*

quhilk be thame was sua oppressitt that the lyfe of

all

honest

% "sche,

man was
4

bitter unto him.

directit

In this meintyme, the Lordis

'

thair

letteris

to

In

MS. G, " witliin it." In Vautr. edit. " your cyis of."
I.

'
*

In Vautr. edit. " the 29 day."

In
tlie

other MSS. " men."

VOL.

2d

418

THE HISTORY OF
makand mentioun

Book

IT.

diverse pairtis of the cuntrey,

quliat dan-

gear did liing ower

all

men,

giif tlie Frensclie sould

be

suiferit

Thay maid mentioun farder, how humblie thay had socht the Quene Regent, that sche wald send away to France hir Frensclie men, quha war ane burding unproffitable and grevous to thair communto plant in this cuntrey at thair plesoure.

wealth

and how that sche nochtwithstanding did daylie aug-

ment

hir nomber, brynging wyffis

and bairneis

a declaratioun

of ane plane conqueist, &c.

The Quene, than Regent, perseving that

to be espiit, be all meaneis
pej)ill.

hir crafte

began

possebill travellit to

blynd the
jjostis

And

first,

sche send furth hir pestilent

of the cuntrey, to perswaid

foir-

nameit in
sche

all pairtis

all

man
;

that

oiferit all

thingis reassonabill to the Congregatioun

all

and

that thay refusing

reassoun, pretendit na religioun, hot

ane plane revolt frome the Authoratie.

Sche temptit every

man

in particular, alse weill thay that as

war of the CongregaSche assaultit everie

tioun,

thame that war

neutrallis.

man, as sche thocht maist

wiif,

easelie

he mycht have bene ovircum.

To the Lord Ruthven sche send the Justice Clerk and his quha is dochter to the wife i of the said Lord. Quhat was
thair commissioun
said

and

creddeit, is
quliilk

na farther knawin than the

that large promeisses of

Lord hes

confessit,

is,

Sir

who, for

John Bellenden of Auchinoul, thii'ty years, from 1547, was

appears
to

who was
;

Justice-Clerk,

have been,

twice married.
to his first

The above reference is wife and from a charter

;

Henry Lord Methven, Her fourth liusband was Patrick Lord Ruthven and in a charter, granted in the
next, in 1545, to
killed at Pinkie in 1547.

prospect of this marriage in 1557, she

styled Lady Methven. She was Lord Ruthven's second wife, and probably
is
Sii- Jolm Bellenden's second wife, according to a charter, 20th July 1574, was Janet Seyton. She

dated 12th

May

1559,

we

learn that

her name was Barbara Kennedy.

She

was thus the daughter of Sii- Hugh Kennedy of Girvan-mains, by Lady Janet Stewart, eldest daughter of John second Earl of Atholl, who was killed This lady was at Floddon in 1513.
Alexander Master of Sutherland, who died in 1529; then, in 1532, to Sir Hugh Kennedy:
four times married
:

survived him.

sm-vived him, as
the

we
:

learn fi'om his Con-

firmed Testament 6th

he having died on
1576.

first,

to

October

(Register

of

Conf
1578.)

Test., &c., vol. vi.

19th August

loo9.

THE REFORMATION
was
offerrit,

IN SCOTLAND.

419

proffitt

gif he wald leiif the Congregatiouii

Prioiir of Sanctandrois,

and
was

be the Queneis.

To Lord James,

send Maister Johniie Spense of Condy, with ane letter and

creddeit, as followis
"
:

The Memoriall of Maister Johnne Spense of Condy,i

the thretty day of september.

"

1.

Ye

sail say,

that hir^ greit favour towartis

vow movis

hir to this.

"

2.

That schc now knawis, that the occatioun of your de-

pairting frome hir was the favoure of the word

and of

reli-

gioun

with the quhilk albeit sche w^as oifendit, yitt knawing

liartis

your hart and the

of the uther Lordis firmelie

fixit

thairupoun, sche will beir with

yow

in that behalf,

and

at

youre awin sychtis sche will sett fordwart that caus at hir
power, as

may

stand with Goddis word, the

of this realme, and the Princeis honour.

(Note,
is,

commun policey Gud reiddar,

quhat vennoum lurkis heir

for plane

it

that the policey

quhilk sche pretendit, and the Princeis honour, will never

suffer Christ Jesus to ring in this realme.)

"

3.

To

say,

that the occasioun of the assembling of thir

fortifeing-

men
ment

of weir,

and

of Leith,
hir,

is,

that

it

was gevin hir

at this tyme,

to understand be

sum about

that

it is

not the advance-

of the

word and religioun quhilk

is soclit

bot rather ane pretense to owerthraw, or alter the authoratie

of your Sister, of the quhilk sche belevis
still

that ye ar nott

'

He was

tlie

son of John Spens of

was horn about the year L520. He was educated at St. Andrews, and became a
Determinant, in
in 154.3.
St. Salvator's College,

Condie, hi the county of Perth, and

Lady, iu 1558, and liad the salary of 40; and on Lauder's death in 15(iO.
he became
liis

successor,

and at the same

time was raised to the Bench.

ed the Reformers, and
is

He join-

frequently no-

Li 1549, he was one of nine

ticed in the proceedings of the General

Advoca;;es selected by the Court of Session,

Assembly.
^

to

procure before

them

in

all

In

MS. G,

" that the Quenis

Grace

actions.

He was

joined with
to

Henry

favour."

Lauder as Advocate

our Soueraine

420
participant

THE HISTORY OF
;

Boor

II.

and

considdering- the tendernes betuix

yow and

your

Sister, sclie trestis

mair in yow in that behalf than in

any
the

leving.

(Bot befoir the Erie of Arrane arryvit, and that

depairtit frome hir factioun, sche ceassit not con-

Duke
;

tynewallie to cry,
lETT THIS BE NOTIT o cEAFTiK
:

that the Priour socht to

onlie to depryve his
^ "

Kins:

and sua not

bot
:

mak him self sister to mak him

ggiif Kins:, o' FI,ATTEEIE!l

alssua to defraude the Lordis Duikeis Grace

and
*'

his housse

bot foirseing ane storme, sche began to seik

ane new wynd.) Sche farther

willit,

to offer the way-sending of the

men
Sche

of weir, gif the former suspitioun

could be removit.

lament it the

trubill that appeirit to follow gif the

mater sould

lang stand in debait.

reconciliatioun,

Sche promeist hir

faithfull laubouris for

;

and requyreit the samyn of him and kyndnes, towartis

requiring
;

farther, faith, favour,

his Sister

and

to

adverteise for his pairt quhat he desyreit, with promeise that

he mycht obtene quhat he

plesit to desyre, &c."

To

this letter
:

and

creddeit, the said

Lord James answerit

as followis
" Pleise

youee Geace,
your Hienes writting, and have hard the creddeit
;

" I resavit

of the beirar

and fynding the busynes of

it

sick importance,

that daingerouse
petitionis

Avar to gif haistie answer,

and alssua your

ar sua, that with

:

my

honour I can nott answer

thame privatlie be my selif I have thocht guid to delay the same till that I may have the jugement of the haill Counsall.
For
this

poynt I
is

will

not conceill frome youre Grace, that

aith, that

amangis us thair

ane solempnit
;

nane of us

sail trasail

fique with youre Grace secreitlie

nether yitt that any of us

;

mak
'

ane [adjdress

for

him

selfF particularlie

quhilk aith, for

In Vautr. edit. " craftie flatterer

:"

in

MS.

G. this marginal note

is

omitted.

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

keip inviolatit to the end.
sail

421

my

pairt, I piirpoise to

Bot qulian
leif

the rest of the Nobillmen

that lyis in

convene, I

sail

nathing

my

power undone that may

mak

for the

quyetnes

of this pure realme, providing that the glorie of Christ Jesus

be nott hinderit by oure concord.

be found sua tractabill as now ye
teyne of the rest of
service, as
tent.

And

gif youre

Grace

sail

offer, I

doutt nott to ob-

my

brethren sick favouris towartis youre

sail

youre Grace

have just occatioun to stand con-

For God I tak to record, that in this actioun I have

nether socht, nether yitt seikis, any uther thing than Godis
glorie to encrease,

and the

libertie of this

pure^ realm to be

mentenit.
thiligis

Farther, I have schawin to youre niessinger quhat

have myslykeit

me

in youre proceidingis, evin to

frome
did

sick ane hart as I wald

wysche

God ye and

all

men

knaAv.

And

this with hartlie

commendatioun of

service to

youre Grace, I hartlie commit your Hienes to the eternall

protectioun of the Omnipotent.
"

At

Sanctandrois, the
(Sic subscribitur,)
"

first

of October.

Your Graceis humyll and obedient

servitour,
J. St." 2

This answer rcsaivet, sche raigeit as liypocrasie

it is

usis,

quhan

prickit

and persaving that sche could nott wirk quhat

sche wald at the handis of

men

particularie, sche sett furth

ane Proclamatioun, universallie to be proclameit, in the ten-

nour as followis
"

FoBSAMEKLE

as

it

is

understand to the Queneis Grace,

that the

Duke

of Chastellerault lies laitlie directit his mis-

syveis in all pairtis of this realme,

makand mentioun
and

that the

Frensche
1

men

lait arryvit,

with

tliair wyffis

bairncis, ar

In MS. G. and Vautr.

edit. "
is

poore."

full,
it is

"

James Stewart ;"

in \'autr. edit.

-In MS. G, the name

written in

contracted as above, "J. St."

422

THE HISTORY OF

Buok

II.

[beguniie]! to plant in Leitli, to the rewyne of the

welth, qiihilk he

communower with
be everie

and his pairttakeris

will not pas

patient Lehalding, desyi'ing to

knaw quhat
thairfoir

will

manis pairt

and that the

fortiiicatioun of Leith is^

ane pur-

poise devysit in France,

and that

Monsieur de La
;

Broche and the Bischop of Amiance ar cumit in this cuntrey ane thing sa vaine and untrew, that the contrarie thairof
notour to
all

is

men

of free

jugement

Thairfoir hir Grace, will-

ing that the occatiouns quhairby hir Grace was movit sa to do

be maid patent, and quhat hes bene hir proceidingis sen the
AiDpointment last maid on the Linkis besyde Leith, to the
effect

that the treuth

of

all

thingis

being maid manifest,

that will to
slip-

everie

man may

understand how
realme

injustlie
is

pres the libertie of this

laid to hir
:

charge, hes

thocht expedient to

mak

this discours following

" Fyrst, Althocht efter the said Appointment, dyverse of

the said Congregatioun, and that not of the meaneast

sort,

had contravenit
drie

and maid sunoccatiouns of new cummer, the samyn was in ane pairt
violentlie the pointis thairof,

wynkit

att

and

ower-luikit, in hoip that thay with

tyme wald

remember

thair dewatie,

and abstene

fra sick evill behaviouris,

soclitt,

quhilk conversioun hir Grace ever

rather than any

puneisment, with sick cair and solicitud be

in the

all

meaneis, quhill,

menetyme, na thing was providit

last,

for hir

awin

securitie.

Bot at

be thair frequent messageis to and

fra Ingland,
trestis the

thair intelligence than

was persavit

yit hir

Grace

Queue
office

of Ingland (lett

thame

seik as thay pleise) will do the

of ane Christiane Princes in

tyme

of ane sworne peax

throw quhilk force was to hir Grace (seand sua greit defectioun
of greit personageis,) to have recourse to the law of nature

and lyk as ane small

bird, being- persewit, will pro\'ide

sum

nest, sua hir Grace could do na less, in caise of persute, nor

^

This

word,

omitted in
edit.

the

MS..

In the oiig. MS>. " as."

is

supplied from Vauti\

lur)9.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

sum
sure retrait for
liir selft'

423

provide

and hir cumpany

and

to

tliat effect,

chusit the toun of Leith, as place convenient thairfirst, it

foir

bccaus,

was

liir

derrcst dochteris propertie,

and

and About the same tymfe that the seiking support of Ingland was maid manifest, anyvit the Erie of Arraue, and adjoinit him sclff to the Congregatioun, upoun farder promisses nor thel pretendit (juarrell of religioun that was to be sett up be thame in
utlier persone could acclanie tytle or entcress tliairto,
als

na

becaus in tyme afoir

it

had bene

fortifeit.

authoratie,

and sua

to pervert the haill

obedience.

And

as f*e

t^qung

sum

of the said Congregatioun at the

samyn tyme had putt

to thair handis,

and takin the

:

Castell of Brochty, put furth

confoundit ^"^^

the keiparis thairof

immediatlie came fra the said Duike to

hir Grace unluikit for, ane writing, beside

many

uther,2 com-

pleneand of the fortificatioun of the said toun of Leith, in

hurt of the ancient inhabitantis thairof, brother of the said

Congregatioun, quhairof he than professit him self anc

ber
;

mem-

and

albeit that the beirar of the said writting

was ane

unmeitt messinger in ane mater of sick consequence, yitt hir

Grace direc[ted]
be maid

to

him twa

personeis of guid creddeit

and

re-

putatioun with answer, offerand, gif he wald cans ane mendis

for that quliilk

realme, to

was commitit aganeis the lawis of the do further nor could be cravit of reassone, and to

that effect to draw

sum

conference, quhilk for inlaik of

him
l\^^^^l

and

his collegis, tuik no end.

Nochttheles thay continewallie

sensyne contynewis in thair doingis, usurping the Authoratie, "f^hYt^^ commanding and chargcing free Borrowis to clieise Provestis satwun?^"

and

officiaris

of thair nameing, and to assyst to

att
;

thame

in the

purpoise thay wald be

provisioun
housseis
;

and thatt thay

will

nocht suffer
Graceis

to

be

brocht

for

sustentatioun of hir

and

greit j^airt lies sa planelie sett asyde all reve-

rence and Immanitie, quhairby everie

'

man may knaw

that

it is

In Vautr. edit, aiul

MS. G,

" than

In MS. G, "mon^- utLcr tbingis."

tlie

pretended."

424

THE HISTORY OF
religioun, bot

Book

II.

na mater of

ane plane usurpatioun of

zeall in

autlioratie,

and na dout bot sempill men, of gude

tliairwitli
falslie
lies

tymeis bigane,

bene desavit.

Bot as to the Queneis

Grace

pairt,

God, qulia knawis the

secreitis of all hartis, weill

fortifi-

kennis, and the warld sail see be experience, that the

catioun of Leith was devisit for na uther purpoise bot for

recourse to hir Hienes
persewit.

and hir cumpany,

in caise

thay war

Quhairfoir, all

gud

subjectis that lies the feir of

God

in tliair hartis, will not suffer

thame

selffis

be sick vaine

perswatiouns to be led away from thair dew obedience, bot

will assist in defence of thair Soveraneis quarrel aganeis all

sick as will persew the

same wrangouslie.

Thairfoir, hir

Grace

ordaneis the

officiaris

of armeis to pas to the Mercat-Croceis

of all heid Borrowis of this realme,

and thair be oppin pro-

clamatioun
thairof,
selfis

command and

that nane of

and sundrie the liegeis thame tak uj)Oun hand to put thame
charge
all

in

armeis, nor tak

pairt with the

said

Duke

or his

assistaris,

under the pane of treassone."

Thir letteris being devulgatt, the hartis of

for

many war

steirit

thay jugeit the narratioun of the Queue Regent to have

:

bene trew
false.

uthiris

understanding the saniin to be utterlie

all

Bot becaus the Lordis desyreit

man

[to]

juge in
:

thair cause, thay sett out this Declaratioun subsequent

"

We

ar compellit

unwillinglie

to

ansAver the

grevouse

accusatiouns maist injustlie laid to our chargeis be the Queue

THE DECLAagain^st"''^

Regent and hir perverst Counsall, qulia cease

not,

by

all craft

and malice,

to

mak
;

us

odiouse

to

our

darrest

brethren,

proclamT-^ naturall

Scotismen

as that

we

pretendit na uther thing bot

all

the subversioun and owerthraw of

just authoritie, quhan,

God knawis, that we thoclit na thing bot that sick authoratie as God approvis by his word, be establischeit, honourit, and Trew it is that we have complcnit, (and obeyit aniangis us.

15.59.

THE REFORMATION
must coniplene,)
is
till

IN SCOTLAND.

425

contiiiewallie

God send
wiffis

redress, that our

;

commuii cuntrey
briiiging

oppressit with strangearis

that this iuchildren,

of suldiouris,

with thair

and

and
all

planting of

men

of weir in oure free tounis, appeiris to us ane

:

rcddy way to conqueist

indifferent

And we
juge

maist eirnistlie rcquyre

us

personeis

to

betwix

and [the] Quene

sould sche this

Regent

in this cause, ^ to wit,

;

quhidder that our complaynt be

utlier purpoise

just or nott
raultiplie

for,

for

quhat

strangearis

upoun

us, bot onlie in respect of conlait devisit

queist

quliilk is

ane thing not of

be hir and

liir

avaritiouse House.

the questioun was

ar not ignorant, that sax yeris past, the avademandit, of ane man of honest reputatioun, ^*'
OR-

We

quhat nomber of
bring
it

men was

abill to

dantoun Scotland, and to

E AN1>
^^^} KISE.

to the full obedience of France.

She

allegeis, that to

say the fortificatioun of Leith was ane purpoise devisit in

France, and that for that purpoise war Monsieur de

La

Broche,

and the

BischoiJ

Amiance send

to this cuntrey,

is

ane thing sa
all

vaine and untrew, that the contrarie thairof

is

notour to

men

of fre jugement.

Bot evident

it

is,

quhatsoevcr sche

allegeis,
fortifeit.

that sence thair arryvall,

Leith Avas begun to be

the defectioun of greit

Sche

allegeis, that sche, seing

personageis,
nature,

was compellitt

to

have recourse to the law of

and lyk ane small bird persewit,^ to provide for sum Bot quhy dois sche sure retreitt to hir selff and hir cumpany.
not answer, for quhatt purpoise did sche bring in hir

new

bandis of

men
hir

of weir
? ?

Was

thair

any defectioun espyit

bcfoir

thair arryvall

Was

not the Congregatioun under appoint-

ment

Avitli

quliilk,

quhatsoever sche

allegeis, sche is

not

abill to

prove that

we haid

contravenit in any chief poynt,

befoir that her neAv throt-cuttaris ariyvit, yea, befoir that thay

beo-an to fortific Leith

MS. G,
cais."

ane place, says sche, maist convenient

"

'

Tn
tliis

"

in

Vautr.

and the Quein Regent edit, has, "in

Vautr.

edit,

has here in

llie

margin,

"Nota."

this cause."

426

THE HISTORY OF
verray deid
:

Buuk
is

II.

for liir piii'iioise, as in

it

for the resaving of

strangearis at

liir

plesour

for gif sche liaid fearit

the persute

of hir body, sche haid the Insche, Dumbar, Blaknes, fortis and
strenthis ah-eddy maid.

Yea,

bot thay could not

it

sa

weill

serve hir turne as Leith, becaus

was hir Dochteris

it,

propertie,

and na uther could haif

fortifeit of befoir.

tytill to
all

and becaus

it

had bene
few

That
lies

men may knaw

the just tytle hir

Dochter and sche

" It

to the toun of Leith,

we

sail in

wordis declair the trewth.

is

not unknawin to the maist pairt of this realme, that

thair lies

bene ane auld haitrent and contentioun

;l

betuix

Edinburght and Leith

THE TITLE THAT THE QUENE
HES-! TO
^

Edinburgh seiking continewallie to

possoss tliat libertio, quliilk be donatioun of kyngis thay have

lang

iiijoyit

libertie

and fredome

and Leith, be the contrary, aspynng to ane The Queue in prejudice of Edinburgh.

Regent, ane

was nott
foir

woman that could mak hir proffitt of all handis, ignorant how to compass hir awin mater and tliair;

secreitlie sche gaif

adverteisment to
fre,

sum

of Leith, that
it

Toun any cuUour of justice. Be

sche wald
thair
^

mak

gif that sche

mycht do

with

quliilk promeise, the principall

men

This feeling of jealousy between

pletely destroyed; but the Queen Regent,

in favour of the inhabitants, pm-chased

the

Edinbm-gh and Leith, originating in narrow-minded policy, was of an old standing. The harbovrr and mills of Leith, then known as Inverleith, were granted by Robert the First, in the year 1329, to the communityof Edinburgh; and in 1398, they acquired other rights and privileges by purchase from Logan of Restalrig, who possessed the banks of the river. During the 15th and following centm-y, the Magistrates of Edinburgh passed some Acts of a very oppressive and illi-

Towns

of

bert

anew the superiority in 1555, from RoLogan of Restalrig, for 3000 Scotish money it was strongly fortified in 1559 and was taken possession of by the
; ;

Frenchauxiliary troops, on behalf of the Queen Regent, who proposed to have

erected the

Her

death, in
;

project

into a Royal Burgh. Jime 1560, defeated this and the citizens of Edinburgh

Town

afterwards
fi-om Marj'

obtained

the

superiority

Queen of

Scots, for the

sum

of 10,000 marks.
-

beral kind, against the inliabitants of

Leith.

In the MS.
G,
it

"had"

is

omitted; in
in Vautr.

In 1547, during the English in-

MS.
edit,

is

"hes or had;"
liad."

vasion, the

town and hai'bour were com-

"hath or

1559.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

427

of tliem did travell with the Laird of Kestah-i"' 1

ane

man

the laied OF REST A L"^'^

ncther prudent nor fortunat, to quhonic the superioratie of

^'''^

Lejth appertenit, that he soukl

sell his haill tytle

and

rv^cht to

^'^''^"'

our Soverane, for certano sowmeis of money, quhilk the inhabitantis of Leith payit, with ane large taxatioun mair, to the

Quene Regent,

in hoip to

have bene maid

free in dispite

and

defraud of Edinburgh.

Quhilk rycht and superioratie, quhan

sche haid gottin, and quhan the

fruittis of thair libertie

money was
eitt

payit, the first

thay now

with bitternes, to wit,

This
is

that strangearis

sail

possess thair town.

hir just tytlc

quhilk hir Dochter and sche

may clame
was

to that TowTie.
befoir,

And

quhair sche allegeis that

it

fortifeit

we

ask, gif

that [was] done without consent of the Nobilatie and Estaitis

of the realme, as sche now,
in

dispyte and

and hir craftie Counsallouris do contempt of us the lauchfull heidis^ and

socht support of Ingland, or of ony uther
haid,

borne counsallouris of this realme.

"

How

far

we have

Princes,
schortlie

and how just cause we

and haif sa

to do,

we

sail

mak

manifest unto the warld, to the prayse of Goclis

all

haly name, and to the confusioun of

for sa doing.

tliame that sclander us

For this we

feir

nott to confess, that as in this

oure interpryse against the Devill, idolatrie, and the menten-

ance of the same, we

notifeit

cheiflie

and

onlie seik Godis glorie to be

unto man, synne to be puneisit, and vertew to be menfaillis

tenit

sua quhair power

of oure
;

self,

we

will seik quhair

soever

God

sail offer
till

the same

and

yitt in sa doing,

we

ar

assureit,

nether

offend God, nether yitt to do

any thing

reimgnant to our dewiteis.

movit the hart of
*

We

hartlie

prayse God,
selff

quha
us,

tlie

Erie of Arrane to joync him

with

The Logans of Restalrig were an

ancient family of gi'cat influence, from

Edinburgh, and committed to prison, 9th September 1500.

^

and RestalThe factious person to whom Knox alludes was Robert Logan, who was arvested by order of the .Magistrates of
their possessions at Leith
rig.

In

MS.

G,

" lawfull

lieirs

and
tlie

borne counsallers."
'.awfull

Vautr.

eJit.

omits

" lieirs," or " hciilis,"

and reads, " and borne counsellers."

428
his

THE HISTORY OF
persecuteit brethren
;

Book

II.

that
sail

hot how maliciouse ane ley it is, we have promesit to sett him up in authoratie, the ischew God we tak to record, that na sick thing lies to declair.

this

day

enterit in oure hartis.

Nether

yitt lies he, the said

Erie, nather
;

any

to

mater jugement, that inconsidderatlie we wald promeis that quhilk

efter

quhilk, gif thay sould do, yitt ar

him appertenyng, movit unto us ony sick we not sa sklender in

we mycht
leist of

repent.

We

speik and write to Goddis glorie

is

-A

The

us knawis better quhat obedience

dew

to

ane

lauchfull authoritie, than sche or hir Counsall dois practise the

office

of sick as worthelie
offer,
;

for

we

commandit
till hir,

may sitt upoun the sait of justice and we performe, all obedience quhilk God lies for we nether deny toll, tribute, honour, nor feir
;

nor

till

hir officiaris

We

onlie brydill hir blynd raige,

idolatrie,

in the quhilk sche

wald erect and mentene

and wald
Bott sche
:

murther oure brethren quha refusses the same.

dois utterlie abuse the authoratie establischeitt

prophaneis the throne of his Majestie in erih,

of'justice,

by God sche making the Saitt

all

quhilk audit to be the sanctuary and refuge of

afflictit,

godlie and vertuouse personeis, injustlie

to be ane

den and receaptakle to

niongaris,
THKwicKiT- godlynes. MESS OF THE
BISCI10PIS.2

thevis, murtheraris, idolateris, liure-

adulteraris,
It is

and blasphemaris of God

and
ar,

all

mair than evident, quhat men thay

lang have bene, quliam sche by hir power mentenis and defendis
it lies
;

11

and

and alssua quhat

lies

bene our conversatioun

seiice

plesit

God

to call us to his knawlege, quliam

now

in hir

fury sche crewellie persecuteis.

We

deny nocht the taking of

considderit,

the House of Brouchty

;3

and the cause being

we

think that na naturall Scottisman will be oifendit at oure

Qulian the assureit knawlege came unto us that the
tiouii of Leitli

fact.

fortifica-

was begun, everie

man began

to inquyre

quhat
the

daingear mycht ensew to the rest of the realme,

1 In Vautr. " Nota."

giif

edit,

on

the

margin,

^ ^

^^^ inserted in MS. G. See note 1, page 214.

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

i^laceis,
us.'^

429

Frensche sould plant in dyverse

placeis that

and quhat war the

In conclusioun
it

mycht maist [annoy]

was

found, that the taking of the said housso be Frensche

men

sould

be destructioun to Dundie, and hurtfull to Sanct Johnnstoun,

and

to the haill cuntrey

and

thairfoir

it

was thoeht expedient

nocht unknaAvin

that"'^*^^

to prevent the daingear, as that

we

did for prescrvatioun ofc^TwwAn

^* It is

oure brethren and

commun

cuntrey.

quhat ennemyis thir twa Tounis have, and quhow glaidlie wald

sum
The

haif

all

guid ordour and pollecey owerthrawin in thame.

conjectureis that the Frensche

war of mjnd

schortlie to

have takin the same, war not obscure.

pretendit,

Bot quhatsoever thay

ventit the daingear

we (as said is) have preand wald God that our power haid bene in the same maner to have foircloissit thair entrcs to Lcitli
nott repent that
;

we can

for

quhat

trubill the

pure realme

sail

endure befoir thatt thay

murtheraris and injust possessouris be removit from the same,

the ischew will declair.
Giif
liir

accusatioun against

my

Lord men

jvar..

Duikis Grace, and that we refusit conference, be trewlic and

sempillie spokin,

verray men,
tioun.

we will nott rcfuise the jugement of thay quham sche allegeis to be of sa honest a reputaTHEPUIKEia Thay knaw that the Dukeis Grace did answer, that Inswer
mycht be
sett at libertie

gif the realme

frome the bondage of

it,

thay

men

of weir quhilk presentlie did oppress

and was sa

feirfull to

him and his brethren, that thay Avar compellit to absent thame selfis from the placeis quhair sche and thay maid residence thatt he and the haill Congregatioun sould cum and gif all debtfull^ obedience to oure Soveranc hir dochter, and unto hir Grace, as Regent for the tyme. Bot to enter in conference, sa lang as sche keipis above him and his
;

brethren that
the oiig.
:"

feirfull

scourge of crewell strangearis, he thoeht

jy j]g^ q^ a Xljg

'

111

" neir us

MS. it is, apparently, MS. G. has " micht must

edit,

^.^^^ig f,f

^]^Q

taking

of Brochtie Craig."
'

noy us ;" Vautr. most annoy us."

reads,

" miglit
^

In MS. G. and Vautr. edit. " duti-

full."

430

THE HISTORY OP

Book
this his

II.

na wyise

man wald

counsall him.

And

answer we

approve, adding farther, That sclie can

mak
be

us no promeis

quhilk sche can keip nor

forceit

we can
and

creddeit, sa lang as sche is

reuillit

with the strenth,

the

counsall
it

of

Frensche.l

We

ar not ignorant that princeis think

guid

policey to betray thair subjectis be broking of promeissis, be

thay never so solempnitlie maid.

counsall sche

"We have nott forgett qidiat

to the

and Monsieur Dosell gaif

it

Duike against
list to

tliame that slew the Cardinall, and keip the Castell of Sanctandrois
:

And

was

this,

"

That quhat promeis thay

:

requyre sould be maid unto thame

Castell

bot

how

sone that the

was

randerit,

and thyngis brocht to sick pass as was

" That he

expedient, that he sould chope the heidis frome everie ane of

thame."

To the quhilk quhan the Duike answerit,

act,

wald never consent to sa treassonabill ane

jiromesit fidelitie, he
said, in

bot gif he

wald

faithfullie keip it."

Monsieur Dosell

mockage

to the Queue, in Frensche, "

That

is

ane guid

sempill nature, bot I

knaw na uther
:

prince that wald swa do."

Gif this was his jugement in sa small ane mater, quhat have

we
all

to suspect in this oure caus

For now the question

is'

not

of the slauchter of ane Cardinall, bot of the just abolisching of

that tyrannic quhilk that

us, of

Romano Antechryst

hes usurpit

above

the suppressing of idolatrie, and of the reforma-

tioun of the haill religioun, be that verming of schavelingis

THE QUARRELL BETUIX FRANCE AND THE CONGREGATIOIJN OF

utterlie

corruptit.

Now,

gif the slauchter of ane

selffis

Cardinall

be ane syn irremissebill,^ as thay thair

faith audit not to
speikis,

affirme,

and

gif

be keipit to heretykes, as thair awin law

is

SCOTLAND.

quhat promeise can sche that

reullit

be the coun-

1 In MS. G, " forced with the Frenchmen, and reullit witli be the counsaill of France ;" Vautr. edit, has, " forced with the strength, and ruled by the

Cardinal Beaton's murderers, remittimus

irremissibile
;

the parties

who were concerned

but which was rejected by as not

being the " sufficient assured absolution,"

counsell of France."
^

This alludes to the emphatic phrase

be obtained for them

which had been promised should see page 203.

:

in the absolution sent

from Rome,

to

1-5.59.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

and commandyment of anc
?

431
to us, that

sail

Cardinal!,

mak

can be sure

" Quliair sclie accusis us, that

wo
Avill

usui-p authoritio, to

com-

mand and
officiaris

charge free Browchis to chaise Provestis

and
usit

of our nameing, &c.,

we

that the haill Browchis

of Scotland testific in that caise, quhydder that

we have
sick

ony kynd of
thair eyis,

violence,

hot lovinglie

cxhortit

as askit befoir

supjDort, to cheisc sick in office as

luffitt

had the

fcir of

God

equitie

and

justice,

and war nott

notit with

avarice

and brybing.

Bot wonder

it is,

with quhatt face sche

can accuse us of thatt quhairof we ar innocent, and sche sua

oppinlie criminall, that the haill realme knawis
liir

iniquities.

In that

caise,

hes sche nott compellit the toun of Edinburgh

to reteane

ane

man

to be thair Provest.i maist '

^'""" unworthy of '^"^ SEYTOUN

"^

reo-iment ony 'Jo

in ane weill rewlit

commun-wealth

nott cnforceitt

thame

to tak Baillies of hir

unworthy Hes sche OF RKGI*^^''"^' appoyntment, and

?

sum

of

thame sua meitt

is

for thair office, in this trubilsum

scliii)

tyme,

as ane sowtar

to saill^ ane

in ane stormy

day

Scho

optima

compleneis thatt we will nott suffer provisioun to be maid for

hir House.

In verray dcid

Ave unfeinzeitlie rej^ent, that befoir

this Avc tuik nott

better ordour that

thir murtheraris

and

oppressouris, quliam sche pretendis to nureise, for oure dcstructioun,

had not bene

disapointit of that greit provisioun

of \dctuallis quhilk sche and thay have gadderit, to the greit

hurt of the haill cuntrey.

Bot as God

sail assist

us in tynieis

cuming, we

sail

do diligence sum-quhatt to frustrat thair devil-

lysclie purpoise.

Quhatt baith sche and we^ pretend, we dout

electif,

'

George

fifth

Lord Seaton, was

during his absence, they failed in

se-

ed Provost of Edinburgh at Michaelmas 1558, by command of the Queen Regent;

curing certain persons

(Maitland's
^

whom

he named.

and he conducted the

in April 15.59 he

affairs

of

tlie

liist. of Etlinburgb, p. 15.) In MS. G, " The Lord Seytounis un:"

City in sucli an arbitrai-y manner, that committed one of the

wortliie regiment

and
;"

it

omits the

three following marginal notes.

Bailies

and the Town-Clerk

to prison.
all

In MS. G, " to steir

In the orig.

Vautr.

edit.,

On another

occasion he threatened

as above, has, " to saile a scliippe."

^

the Bailies with a similar imprisonment,

MS.

" baith

we and

scbe."

432
LETT THE
PAPISTI3

THE HISTORY OF

Book

II.

JUGE GIF GOD HES NOT GEVIN

jugemTnt
PLEsouR
OF TIIAIR
hartis.
'"

name lang to be unpunischeit, sail one clay declair and unto him we feir nott to committ oure cause. Nether yitt feir we in this
not bot God, qulia can not suffer the abuse of his awin
;

presentt to say, that against us sche makis ane maist mali.

ciouse ley,
^^'^

t-\|^ Quhair that

sche sayis, that

it is

na religioun that

THE QUENE
regent.

8'^

about, bot ane plane usuq^atioun of the Authoritie,

q^^ forbid that sick imjjietie sould enter into oure hartis, that we sould mak his holie religioun ane cloik and covertour of oure iniquitie. Frome the begynning of this contraversie, it
is

evidentlie

knawin quhat have bene oure

requeistis, quhilk
will

gif the rest of the Nobilitie

and communitie of Scotland

caus be peformeit unto us, giff than ony sygne of rebellioun

appeir in us, lett us be reputit and punisit as traytouris.
quhill strangearis ar brocht in to

Bot

suppres us, our

is

communand bludy

welth,

and

posteritie,

quhill idolatrie
dis]3ysit,

mentenit, and Christ

Jesus his trew religioun

quhill idill bellies

tyrantis, the Bischopis, ar mentenit,

and

Christis trew messinis

geris

persecutit

quhill,

fynallie,

vertew

contemnit,

and

vice extollit, quhill that we, ane greit pairt of the Nobilitie

and communaltie
quhat godlie

of this realme, ar maist injustlie persecuteit,

man
it

can be

oflfendit

that

we

sail seik

refomia-

tioun of thir enormiteis, (yea, eviii be force of armes, seing

that uthii'wayis
is

denyit unto us

;)

we

ar assureit that
us.

nether God, neather nature, neather ony just law, forbiddis

THiT^MoviT THE NOBILITIE OF THIS REALME TO

^^^

^^^^

maid us counsallouris be
luiff

birth of this realme

;

nature

byndis us to

our awin cuntrey

and just lawis commandis

persecutit.

OPPONE

us to support oure brethren

altli

injustlie

Yea, the

THAME TO
THE'*QrrF!NE

that

wc havo maid,

to be trew to this commune-Avealth,

compellis us to hasard quhatsoever that

this
is
m"Ai)*^reiiiis

God
seik,

lies

gevin us, befoir

we
is

see the miserabill

rewyne of the same.

Gif ony think

answer, That
it

not religioun quhilk

ellis,

now we

we

nathing

bot the zeall of the trew religioun quhilk

:

movis us to this interpryse

foirsec that idolatrie

For as the ennemy dois

craftelie

PAY.

can not be universalie mentenit, onless

1559.

THE REFORMATION
we be

IN SCOTLAND.

433

that

utterlie supi:)ressit, sua

do we considder that the

trew religioun (the puritie quhairof we onlie requyre) can not

be universalie

ercctit,

unless strangearis be removit, and this

pure realme purgeit of thir pestileneis quhilk befoir have iufectit

it.

And

thairfoir, in

the

name

of the eternall God,

and

of his Sone Chiyst Jesus, quhais caus

all

we

sustene,

we requyre

oure brethren, naturall Scottis men, prudentlie to considder

ourc requeistis, and with judgment to decerne betuix us and

the Queue Regent and hir factioun, and not to suffer tliame
selfis to

be abused by her craft and deceat, that eather thei

tliair

shall

lift

weaponis against us thair brethren, who seik

glorie,

nothing butt Godis

eyther yitt that thei extract frome

us tharc just and detfulU supporte, seing that Ave hasard our
lyves for preservatioun of
tie

thame and

us,

and of our

posteriIJ^,IT^' WA9 FORYETT,2 AND

to

come

Assuring suche as shall declair thame selves

favoraris
shall

of her factioun,

and ennemeis unto

us,

that

we

repute tliame, whensoever

God

shall

putt

the SAVord

THAIRFOIR
KS GOD h"

of justice in our handis, worthie of such punishment, as

is ^vhat

dew

for

such as studio to betray thair countree in the handis couLmiAUE

.

01 strangearis.

HOPKD FOR vktoeie

IN so UIS-

PERATE
DANGEARI3.

Tliis

our Answer was formed, and divulgat in some places,

but not universallie, be reassone of our day appointit to meitt

at Striveling, as befoir is declaired.

In this meantyme, the

Queue her postcs ran with men to her devotioun and

;

all

possible exjjeditioun to
sclie

draw

in vcrray deid,

fand

mo
that

favoraris of her iniquitie

then we suspected.

For a

man

of long tyrae

had bene of our nomber

in profcssioun, oifcrcd

(as himself did confesse) his service to

the Queue Regent,

for con-

to travaill betuix hir

cord.
citie,

Grace and the Congregatioun

offer
;

Sche refused nott his

bott
for

knowing

his simpli-

sche was glad to employ

;"

him
-

her advantage.

The

edit.

In MS. G, " dcbtfull " dutifull."

I.

in

Vautr.

In Yautr. edit. " forged."

VOL.

2 E

434

THE HISTORY OF
is

Book
of wliome

II.

man

Maister Robert Lockart,! a

still

man

many have
;

had and
as godlie

have good opinioun, as tweiching his religioun

bott to enter in the dresse of suche affaris, nott so convenient,

and wyise men wold requyre.

He

travailled nocht

the less earnestlie in the Quene Regentis

aifares,

and could nott

be perswaded hot that sche ment

sincerlie,

and that sche wold

promote the religioun to the uttermost of her power.

missed in hir name, that sche wald putt

He

pro-

away

hir Frensche
Scottis-

men, and wald be reulled by the counsall of naturall

men.
Wlien
so
it

was reassoned

in his contrary, "

That yf sche

war

mynded

to do, sche could

have found mediatouris a

great deall more convenient for that purjjose."

nott to affirme, " That he

knew more

of her

He feared mynd then all

travailled with

the Frenche or Scottis that war in Scotland, yea more then

her awin brethren that war in France."

He

the Erie of Glencarne, the Lordis Uchiltrie and Boid, with the Larde of Dun, and with the Preacheouris, to

whome he

had certane

secreat letteris,

which he wald not

deliver, onless

that thei wald

maik a
"

faithfull

promeise, that thei should

never reveill the thing conteaned in the same.

it

To the whiche

was answered,

That in no

^\^ise thei could

maik suche a

promeise, be reassone that thei war sworne one to another,

and altogetther

in one body, that thei should have no secreat

intelligence nor dress with the

Quene Regent, hot that

her.'"

thei

should communicat with the Great Counsall whatsoever sche

proponed unto thame, or thei did answer unto

this

As by

Answer, written by Johne Knox

to

the Quene Regent,

:

may

be understand,^ the tennour whairof followis

On

1 Mr. Robert Lockliart has already been mentioned by Knox, (page 300,) among the laymen who undertook the He appears to have office of exhorters. been gauied over to her views by the Queen Regent and the Treasui-er's Ac;

the 16th January 1559-60, " be the Quenis Grace precept to Master Robert Lockhart, xxx lib." " Item, the xxiij day of Februar, be the Quenis Grace

precept to Maister Robert Lockhart,

xl lib."
*

counts exhibit the following payments

In MS. G,

"unto Hir Grace the

be understudc."

made

to

him by her

special

command.

Quein Regent,

may

1509.

THE REFORMATION
i

IN SCOTLAND.

'IJ.

"

[Madame,]

"My
me and

deAvitie

moist Immilic premissed

Your Grace's
lies

ser-

vand, Maister Robert Lockard, maist instantlie

otlieris, to

requyrcd

wliome your Graceis

letteris, as lie allcdged,

Avar directed, to receave the

same

in secrcat manor,

and

to

geve to liim answer accordinglie.

Bot bccaus some of

tlic

noniber that he required war and ar upoun the Great Counsall

of this realme,

and

thairfoir ar solempnedlie

sworne to have

nothing to do in secrcate manor, neather with your Grace, neather yitt with any that cumis fra yow, or fra your Counsall
;

and swa thei could not receave your Grace

letteris Avith
;

sick

conditionis as the said Maister Robert required

and

thairfoir thocht

said letteris

he good to bring to your Grace agane the And yitt becaus, as he reportis, he hes close.

maid

to

your Grace some promeise in

my name

att his re-

queist, I

am

content to

testific

by

my

letter

and subscriptioun,
Avitli

the sume of that quhilk I did communicat

him.

In

Dondie, after

many

Avourdis betuix

albeit diverse sinister rcportis

I

him and me, I said, that had bene maid of me, yitt did
be the
office

never declair any evident tockin of haiterent nor inmitie

against your Grace.

to geve treAV

For yf

it

of a verray freind
seis

and

faythfull counsall to
for lack

thame Avhome he

ryn to destructioun

of the same, I could nott be

provin ennemye to your Grace, bot rather a freind unfeaned.2

For

AA'hat

counsall I
Letteris

had gevin

to

your Grace,
to the same,

my

Avrittingis,

alsAveall

my

and Additioun

now

prented,^

as diverse otheris quhilkis I Avrait fra Sanct Johnestoun,

testifie.

may
unto

I farther added, that sick

ane ennemye

Avas I

yoAv, that

my
till

tung did bayth perswaid and obteane, that your

in all tliingis
to

authoritie
laAvchfull,

and regiment should be obeyed of us

ye declaired your self open ennemye

to

this

Supplied from MS. G.

In

MS. G, these words are thus

transposed,

"

text, except "

culd not be proven

enemie, bot rather an unfayned freind

your Grace." Yautr. edit, follows the proved" for " proven." ^ In the year 1558, at Geneva see note 3, page 252.
:

^:,^

THE HISTORY OF
!

Book

II.

commoun-wealth, as now, allace

ye liave done.

This I willed

him moreover
and thair
nothing

to say to your Grace,

that yf ye, following

the coiinsall of flatterand men, having no Grod hot this world

bellies,

did proceid in your malice against Christ

Jesus his religioun, and trew ministeris, that ye should do

ellis

but accelerat and haste Godis plague and venself

geance uj^oun your

ye, (yf ye did not

and uj)oun your

posteritie

and that

change your purpose

hastelie,) should bring

your bene

self in sick
it

extreame danger, that when ye wold seak

it

remeady,

should nott be sa easy to be found, as

This
is

had

befoir.

the effect and sume of

all

that I said at

that tyme, and willed him, yf he pleased, to communicat the

same

to your Grace.

And

the same yitt agane I notifie unto

letter,

your Grace, by this

my

writtin

and subscryved

at

Edinburgh, the 26 of October 1559.

(iS'iC

suhscribitur,)

"

Your Grace's

to

command

in all godlynes.

"John Knox.
" Postscriptum.

God

move your harte^

his

yitt

in

tyme

to

considder, that ye feght nott against

eternall God,

man, bot against the

and against

Sone Jesus Christ, the onlie

Prince of the kingis of the earth."

At whiche

answer, the said Maister Robert was so oifended,

letteris,

that he wald nott deliver his

saying, " That

we wer

ungodlie and injuriouse to the Queue Regent yf

we

suspected

any

craft in hir."

To the whiche

of the preacheouris, " That or thei Avar deceaved.

it was answered, by one tyme should declair, whitther he

liir

Yff sche should nott declair

self

ennemye to the trew religioun whiche thei professed, yf ever sche had the upper hand, then thei wald be content to confesse that thei had suspected her sinceritie without just cause.
Bot and yf sche should declair her malice no
*

less in

tymes

In MS. G, "your Graces hairt."

Vautr.

edit, has,

"your

hcarte."

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

sche had

437

cuming- than

done

befoir,

thei

required that he
Avhose contravaill

should be more moderat then to

science he

dampne thame

knew

nott."

And

this

was the end of the

for that tjme,

after that

he had trubled the conscience of

For he and other wlio war
all

many

godlie

and qwiet

personis.

her hyred postes, ceassed nott to blaw in the caris of

that the

man,

Queue wes hevelie done

;

to

that sche required nothing

hot obedience to her Doglitter

that sche M^as content that the

all

trew religioun should go fordwarde, and that

abuses should

be abolished
divisioun

and be

this

meane

thei broght a gruge

and

amang our

selfis.

For many (and our brethrene of

Lowthiane

especiallie)

began to murmur, that we soght anto Edinburgh,

other thing than religioun, and so ceassed to assist us certane

day is,

after that

we wer cumed
diet,

which e we did
This

according to the former

the 16 day of October.

selfis

grudge and truble amangis our

foirsaid Maister

was not reased by the

Robert i onlye, bot by those pestilentis

expressed, and Maister

whome

befoir
ciallie,

we have

James Balfour espewhose vennemouse tounges against God and his trew
punishement of men, so
shall thei

religioun, as thei deserve

not escheap Godis vengeance, onless that spedelie thei reapent.

After our cuming to Edinburgh the day foirnamed,

we

assembled in counsall, and determined to geve new advertisement to the Quenis Grace Regent, of our Conventioun,

and

in suche sorte

and

so

with
:

commoun

consent

we send

unto her our requeast, as followis

''

[Madame,]^
" It
will

pleise

your Grace reduce to your remembrance,

the

se-

how

at our last

Conventioun at Hammyltoun, wc required

^"^hk*"^^

your Hicnes, in our maist humbill maner, to desist from the

fortifeing of this

kegest.

town of Leyth, then interpiysed and begone,

to us

qidiilk
'

appeared

(and yitt does) ane entree to ane con-

Robert Loekhart, see page 484.

Supplioil fiora

MS. G.

438
queist,

THE HISTORY OP
and overthrow
to our liberties,

Book

II.

and altogidder against

it

the hiwis and ciistumes of this reahiie,! seing

was begune,

and

jit continewis, without

anj advise and consent of the

Quhairfoir now, as of

Nobilitie
befoir,

and Counsall of

this reahne.

according to our dewitie to our commoun-wealth,

we

most humelie requyre your Grace to caus your strangearis and

soldiouris

whatsumever

to departe of the said toun of Leyth,

to the inhabitantis, hot
liegis.

and niaik the same patent, not onlye

also to all Scottishmen, our Soverane

Ladyes

Assureand

your Hienes, that your

evill

yf,

refusand

tlie

samyn, ye declair thairby

mynd toward
we

the commoun-weill and libertie of

this realme,

will (as of befoir)

mene and

declair the caus

;

unto the haill Nobilitie and communaltie of this realme

according to the oath quhilk

we have sworne
all
:

for the

and manmost

tenance of the commoun-weall, in

possible,

manor

of thingis to us

we

will

provid reamedy

thairfoir requyring

humblie your Grace answer in haist with the berar, becaus in

our eyis the act continewallie proceadis, declaring ane deter-

minatioun of conquest, quhilk

not without caus.
of service,

is

presumed of
to

all

men, and

And

thus, after our humill

commendatioun

we pray Almychttie God

have your Grace in

his eternall tuitioun."

These our

letteris

receaved, our messinger was threatned,

and withholdin a whole day. Thairefter he was dismissed, without ony other answer bot that sche wald send ane answer when sche tliocht expedient.

In this meantyme, becaus the rumour ceassed nott, that

the

Duke

his

Grace usurped the Authoritie, he was compelled,

his purgatioun, in forme as followis, the xix

with the sound of trumpete, at the Mercat Croce of Edinburgh, to

maik
:

day of October
'

In MS. G,

"of this cuntrcy."

Vauti-. edit,

li.is,

"re.ilme."

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

The Purgatioun
of the Duik.
Cliastellcrault,

439

"

FoRSAMEKLE as
tliat

my

Lord Duik of

under-

standing- the fals reporte

maid be the Quene Regent against

him,

he and his sone,

my

Lord of Arrane, should pretend

usm-patioun of the Croune and' Authoritie of this realme,

when

in vcrray deid he nor his said sone never anis

mynded

sic thingis,

hott allanerlie in simj)licitie of heart, movit partlie

be the violent persute of the religioun and trew professouris

thairof, partlie

by compassioun of the eoramoun-wealth and

self

poore communitie of this realme, oppressed with strangearis,

he joyned him
uthcr

with the rest of the Nobilitie, with

all

hasard, to supporte the

;

commoun
all,

cans of that ane and of that

hcs thoght expedient to purge him self and his said

Sone, in presence of
Counsall, of that

yow

as he

had done

in presence of the

same cryme, of

auld, evin be

summondis, laid

to his charge the secound year of the regno of our Soverano

Lady.

Quhilk malice hes continewed ever against him, maist

;

1l\^

innocent of that cryme, as your experience bearis witness

and planelie

protestis, that

neather he nor his said Sone

BKFOIH FALSLIE ACCUSKD OP suittis tsurpa'

TIUUN,^

nor seikis any jDreeminence,^ cather to the Croune or Authoritie,

bot als far as his puissance

may

extend,

is

rcaddy, and

ever shalbe, to concur with the rest of the Nobilitie his brethren,

and

all

otheris whais hartis ar tweichet to

manteane

the

commoun

cans of religioun and liberty of thair native

cuntrey, planelie invaded be the said Regent

soldiouris,

and hir said

wha

onlye does forge sick vane reportis to withdraw

the heartis of trew Scottisemen from the succour thai aught

of

bound dewitie
all

to thair

commoun-weall opprest.

Quharcfoir

[he] exhortis

men

that will manteane the trew religioun of

God, or withstand this oj)pressioun or plane conquest, inter1

Vautr.
;

cilit.

omits

tliis

margiii.-il

note
-

but

it

oeciu\s in

MS. G.
or sute.s ony

pre-eminence, eytlier to." Vaiitr. edit, makes it, " sued nor seckes anie pre-

In !MH. 0, " seikes

hcminence."

440

THE HISTORY OP

Book

II.

prysed be strangearis upoiin our native Scottisemen, nott to

credyte sick fals and untrew reportis, bot rather concurr with

us

and the

rest of the

Nobilitie, to
;

sett

your countree at
shall

libertie,

expelling strangearis thairfra

self

whiche doing, ye

schaw your

obedient to the ordinance of God, whiche

for

was establisshed

mantenance of the commoun-weall, and

trew members of the same."

The xxi day

of October,

cam

fra the

Maister Robert Forman,! Lyoun King of Amies,

Quene then Regent who broght

:

unto us ane writting in this tennour and credit

" Eftir commendatioun

We

have receavit your

letter of

Edinburgh the xix of

this

instant,

whiche appeared to us For answer whairthis berar,

rather to have cumit fra ane Prince to his subjectis, nor fra
subjectis to
of,

thame that

bearis authoritie

we have Herald King

to
"

presentlie directed unto

of Amies, sufficientlie

Lyon instructed with our mynd,

yow

whonie ye shall geve credence.

At Leyth,

the 21 of October 15.59.

(Sic suhscribitur,)
"

Marie R."

His Credit
lETT THIS

is

this

"

BE NOTED,

That sche woundered how any durst presume '

''
_

to

command

AND LETT
THE puR-^
FRENCHi^"''

]^QY in

that realnie,

whiche neaded not to be conquest by any

force, considering that it

was allready conqueissed by mariage and

that Frenche

men

could nott be justlie called strangearis,

;

seing that
" Maister

tliei

war naturalized
Foirman,"
;

thairfoir that sche Avald

Robert

in

1551, "was Ross Herald

capacity, on the 7th

and

in that

May

1552, he

was

the Treasurer on that day having paid ' to hym, to be his expenses in his jornay, 400." On the death of the
oiir,"

"direct fra the Coimsale, with certain

Articulis to be
of France
;

celebrated poet, Su> David Lyndesay of

schawand to the King and frathin to tlie Empri-

the IMount, Forman, in 1558, became

his successor as

Lyon Iving-at^Arms.

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

441

neather maik that Toiin patent, neather yitt send any

man

away, bot as

sclie

thocht expedient.
:

Sche accused the Duik

long-

of violating- his promeise

Sche maid

protestatioun of
;

her love towardis the commoun-wealth of Scotland

the end commanded, that under pane of treassone,
to the

and

in

all assistaris

Duke and unto

us,

should departe from the toune of

EdinburgL"!
This
ans-vver receaved,

credite heard, preconceaved malice

sufficientlie espyed,

consultatioun was tacken what was expefor the first it

till

dient to be done.

And

was concluded, that the

Herauld should be stayed

tacken.

farder determinatioun should be

The haill Nobilitie, Baronis, and Broughes, then present, wer commanded to convene in the Tolbuyth of Edinburgh, the same xxj day of October, for deliberatioun of these materis. Wliare the hole cans being cxponed by the Lord Ruthven,
the questioun was proponed, " Whetther sche that so contempteouslie refuissed the most humill requcist of the borne
Counsallouris of the realm, being- also bott a Regent, Avhose

THEOEDOt'K ^ F THE SUSof'thk^''"

gent!' from

within SCOTLAND

pretenses
Avealth,

threatned the
to

boundage of the hole commounso

awght
?"

be sufferred

tyrannouslie

to

impyre

above tham
^

And

because that this questioun had nott

Knox
the
that

Keith has copied from

or

which Archbishop Spottiswood nnrit is

Commission from the Quoen Regent but in the Appendix to his History he saj's, " I make little doubt he (Knox) has curtailed the same, and
;

" Credeit"

rates; which, as
tinct in

much more

dis-

answering to each part of complaint from the Congrcgationers, so it

lias all

the air of ingenuity, and seems

formed
pose
:

it

so as to serve his
this Credit

own pur-

fully to

answer the character of that

been coutained in as few words as this author relates it, the Regent might have easily
inserted the whole of
it

And had

wise and worthy Princess."

]MS.

He

then

proceeds to quote from SpottisAvood's

some reniarks,
;

differing

from the

in her letter,

without any unbecoming prolixity. I do, therefore, recommend to my readers

not to satisfy themselves with tliis account of the Credit, but to look into

corresponding passage in the printed History but these are too long to

be here quoted

see Keith, Hist. vol.

i.

pp. 232, 490-IP2.

442

THE HISTORY OF
it

Book

II.

bene befoir disjmted in open assemblie,

quired

was tbogbt expe-

dient that the judgement of the Preachearis shoukl be re-

who being called and instructed in the caise, Johne Willok, who befoir had susteaned the burthen of the Churche in Edinburgh, commanded l to speik, maid discourse, as fol;

loweth, affirming
" First,

That

albeit

Magistratis

be

Goddes
is

ordinance,

having of him power and authoritie, yitt

so
largelie

not thair power

extended, but that

is

bounded and limited by

God
"

in his word.

And

Secundarlie,

That as subjectis ar commanded to

so that

obey thair magistratis, so ar magistratis commanded to geve

some dewitie
prescribed the
" Thridlie,

to the subjectis
office

God by
other.

his woi'd, lies

of the one
albeit

and of the

That

God hath appointed

lies

magistratis

his lievtennentis

on earth, and

honored

tlianie

with his

awin

title,

calling

thame

goddis, that yitt he did never so

establess any, but that for just causses thei

mycht have bene

depryved.
" Fourtlie,

That in deposing of Princes, and those that

had bene
his

in authoritie,
;

God

did nott ah\"yise use his imme-

diate poware

but sometymes he used other meaiiis wliiche

wisedome thocht good and justice approved, as by Asa he removed Maacha his awin mother from honour and authoritie,
wliiche befoir sche

had brooked
of

and the

haill

postcritie

Acliab

by Jehu he destroyed Joram, and by diverse otheris

;

he had deposed from authoritie those wlionie befoir he had

establesshed by his awin worde."
he, "

And

heirupoun concluded
clieaf dewitie

That since the Queue Regent denyed her

to the subjectis of this realmo, Avhiche

was

to minister justice
iii-

unto thame indifFerentlie, to preserve thair liberties from

vasioun of strangearis, and to suffer thame have Godis word

^

In MS. G, "of

tlio

Kirk of

E(liiil)urgli,

hcing commandpd."

Vaiitr. edit, is

the

same as the

text.

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

;

443

that the

and openlie preached amanges tliame seing, moreover, Queue Regent wes ane oj)en and obstinat idolatress, a vehement manteanare of all superstitioiin and idolatrie and,
freelie
;

the causes.

finallie,

that sche utterlie dispysed the counsall and requcistis

of the Nobilitie, he could see no reassone

Counsallouris,
Nobilitie,

why

they, the borne

nott justlie

and Baronis of the rcalme, mycht deprive her from all regiment and authoritie

amanges thame."
Heirefter was the judgement of Johne
J-

Knox
'

required, who,

''"^ ji-pge.

approving ~ the sentence of his Brother, added, A

'

johne KNOX, IN

" First,

That the iniquitie of

in

the

Queue Regent,

and

positioun

mysordour owght

nowyis to withdraw neather our heartis,

quein^

neather yitt the heartis of other subjectis, from the obedience

dew unto our

Soveranis.

" Secundarly,

That and yf we deposed the

said

Queue

Regent rather of malice and privat

invy, than for the pre-

servatioun of the commoun-wealth, and for that her synnes

appeared incurable, that we should nott escheap Godis just

punishment, howsoever that sche had deserved rejectioun from
honouris.
"

And

Thridlie,

He

required

that

no

suche

sentence

should be pronunced against her, bott that upoun her knawin

and oppen

reajjentance,

and iipoun her conversioun

to

to the

commoun-wealth, and
from the whiclie,
prived."

submissioun

the

Nobilitie,

place

should be granted unto her of regresse to the same honouria.

for just causses,

sche justlie might be de-

The
and

votes of everie

everie

man particularlie by him self required, man commanded to speik, as he wald ansure to
nott,

God, what his conscience judged in that mater, thair was none
found,

amonges the hole number, who did

to writt,
"

by

his

awin

toung consent to her deprivatioun.

cess ^

Thairefter was her pro:

committed
>

and

registrat, as followeth
Vautr. odit.
lias,

111

iMS.

(J,

was thair

jirotcst."

"process."

444

THE HISTORY OF

Book

II.

"At
The

Edinburgh, the twenty one day of October

1559.

Nobilitie, Baronis,

and Broughes convenit

to advise iipoun

the affairis of the commoun-weall, and to ayde, supporte, and

succour the samyn, perceaving and lamenting the interprysed

destructioun of thair said commoun-weall, and overthrow of

the libertie of thair native cuntree, be the meanes of the

Queue Regent, and certane

louris,

strangearis her Prevey Counsal-

plane contrarie oure Soveranes Lord and Ladyis mynd,

and
litill

direct against the counsall of the Nobilitie, to proceid

by

and

litill

evin unto the uttermost, sa that the urgent

necessitie of the

commoun-weall may
:

suifer

na langare delay,

and
said

earnestlie craves our supporte

Seing heirfoir that the

Queue Regent, (abusing and owir passing our Soveranes

her,) hes

Lord and Ladyis commissioun, gevin and granted to

in all her proceidingis, persewit the Baronis
THE ENORMITIES COMMiTTED BY

and Broughes

within this realme, with weapones and armour of strangearis,

.
.

THE

butt ouy procoss or ordour of law, thei being oure Soverane

QTJEIN

REGENT.

Lord and Ladyis trew

in

liegis,

and never

called nor convict

;

any cryme be ony judgement lauchfull as first at Sanct Johnestoun, in the moneyth of Maij, sche assembled her army
against the towne and inhabitantis thairof, never called nor
convict in

any cryme,

for that thei professed

;

trew wirschip of

God, conforme to his moist sacrat worde

the moneyth of Junij
last,

and lyikwyis
Noble

in

without any lauchfull ordour or

calling going befoir, invaded the persones of syndre

men

and Baronis with

onlie
for

force of

armes convenit at Sanctandrois,

is

caus of religioun, as
callit

notoriouslie
:

knawin, thei

never being

nor convict in ony cryme

Attour layed

garnisonis the

same monetli upoun the inhabitantis of the

for feir of whiclie her garnisones,

said toun of Sanct Johnestoun, oppressing the liberties of the

Quenis trew lieges

ane great

parte of the inhabitantis thairof, fled of the towne, and durst

nott resorte agane unto thair housses
thei

and heretages, whill

war restored be armes, thei notwithstanding never being

1559.

THE REFORMATION
any

IN SCOTLAND.

445
that

called nor convict in

ciyrae.

And

farder,

samyn

tyrne did thrust in

said towne Provest

upoun the headis of the inhabitantis of the and Baillies, against all ordour of elec-

tioun

as

laitlie,

in this last

moneth of September, sche had

Last

done in the townes of Edinburgh and Jedburgh, and diverse

utheris plaices, in manifest i oppressioun of our liberties.

of

all,

declairing her evill niynd toward the Nobilitie, comlies

mountie,2 and haill natioun,

brocht in strangearis, and

dalie pretendis to bring in grettar force of the

samyn

pre-

tending ane manifest conqueast of our native rowmes and

countree, as the deid
it

self declaires: in sa far as sche

heaving

brocht in the saidis strangearis, but ony advise of the said

Counsall and Nobilitie,

and contrair thair expresse mynd and

j^ortis

send to her Grace in writt, hes plaicet and planted her saidis
strangearis in ane of the principall townis

of the

realme, sending continewallie for grettar forces, Avilling thair-

by

to suppress the commoun-weall,

and

libertie of our native

countree, to

mak

us and our posteritie slaves to strangearis for

it

ever

Which e,
airis

as

is

intollerable in

commoun-wealthis and
Soverane Ladye,

free cuntreis, sa is it verray prejudicial! to our

and her
wicked

quhatsumever, in caise our Soverane Lord de;

ceise butt airis of hir Grace's jjersone

and

to perfurneise hir

interprises,^ consavit (as appeiris) of inveterat malice

against our cuntree and natioun, causes (but any consent or

advise of the Counsall and Nobilitie) cunzie layit-money, sa
base,

and of
attour,

sick quantitie, that the hole realme shalbe deall traffique

pauperat, and

with forane nationis evertit thairby

And

her Grace places and manteanes, contrair the

pleasour of the Counsall of this realme, ane strangear in ane

of the greattcst offices of credite Avithin this realme, that
is,

In

MS.

G, " iu

sygnc of manifest
edit.,

oppresioun."
'

Vautr.

as in the

thir

text, omits the Tvords "

sygne of"

In MS. G, " commonaltie."

to performance of wicked interprises." Vautr. edit, reads, " to performe these her wicked interprises."
^

In

MS. G, " and

hir

446
HIE DOUGHTER r OL;

THE IIISTOKY OF
keaping of the Great Sealli
tliairof,

Buuk
quliairintill

II.

[i^

great

LOWED THE parrelKs SAME FOR i: TO DAVY WAS DELI- thairof

:

may
tJ

be ingenerat to the commoun-weall and libertie O

farder, haitlie

And

send the said Great Seall furth of

VERED THE
C;

HE ATT

this reahne

be the said strangeare, contrair the advise of the

BEALL.a

said Counsall, to

what

effect

God knawis

and hes

ellis

be his

meanes

alterat the auld

law and consuetude of our reahne,

pardonis

ever observit

in

the graces and

granted be our

Soveranes to

all

thair liegis being repentand of thair offenses

liegis of

committed against thair Hienes or the

the realme

and hes introducit a new captiouse styill and forme of the saidis j^ardonis and remissionis, attending to the practise of
France,

tending thairby to draw the saidis

liegis
;

of this
farder,

realme, be process of tyme, in a deceavable snair

sail

and

creipe in the haill

subversioun and alteratioun of the

remanent lawis of

this realme, in contrair the contentis of the

;

Appointment of Marriage
after

and

als

peace

being accordit

amanges the Princes, reteanes the great armye of strangearis

command send be

the King of France to reteyre the

same, maiking excuise that thei war reteaned for supjjressing

of the attemptatis of the liegis of this realme, albeit the haill

'

sieiir

The stranger referred to, was Mende Ruby, who has already been
:

departeth to-morrow."
Papers, vol.
i. j).

(Sadler's State
Seill gevin."

630.)

noticed

see pages 262, 292. Secretary

Cecil, in

a letter to Sir Ralph Sadler,

- This marginal note, in MS. G, reads, " Hii' dauchter followis the same, for

from London,
says, "
is

25th November 1.559, At this present Monsieur Ruby here, and hath spoken with the
this

to Davie

was the Greitt

In the List of Officers of State, ajipend-

ed to Scott's
note,

Queues Majestye
rand,
I

daye.

His er-

thynke, be to goe into Fraunce,

and, by the

waye

here, to expostulate

certain greeffs in that Quenes He telleth many tales, and name. wold very fayne have the Queenes Majestye beleve that he saytli truth."

upon

Some
such
&c.

of these " tales" are specified

as,

that the Scotts report they have had 6000 in ayde from England,
It
is

Staggering State, (see page 293,) Riccio is said to have succeeded Mons. de Ruby but the public records furnish no evidence to show that David Riccio ever was intrusted with the Great Seal. His highest promotion was Private Secretary to the Queen and Darnley; as will more particularly be noticed in the next volume, towards the conclusion of the
;

History.

afterwards added,

"

Ruby

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

is

U7
bene reddy to
lawcli-

subjectis tliairof, of all estaitis,

and ever

lies

give

all

debtfuU obedience to

tliair

Soveranis,

and thair
:

full ministeris,

proceiding, be Godis ordinance

And

the said

armve of strangearis not being payed

lier

of waiges,

was layed be
to

Grace iipoun the neckis of the poore communitie of our

coimtree,
selfis,

native
tliam

who was compelled be

force

defraude

thair wyffis,

and barnes, of that poore substance

to
to

quliilk thei

satisfie thair

mycht conqueiss with the sweit of thair browis, hungar and necessiteis, and quyte the saniyn
idill

susteane the
Avhiche in

bellies

of thir

strangearis.

Throw the
and Counsall
movit

all partis

raise sick

havye lamentatioun, and com-

plaint of the communitie, accusing the Nobilitie

of thair slewth, that as the

lies

same oppressioun we dowbt nott

it

entered in befoir the justice-seat of God, sa hes

our heartis to rcwtli and compassioun.

And

for redressing of

the samyn, with other great offenses committed against the

publict weall of this realme, Ave have convened hear, as said
is
;

and as

oft

tymes of

befoir, lies

maist humblie, and with

all

reverence, desyred

and

required the said

Queue Regent,
and

to

redress the saidis enormities,

and

especiallie to

remove her
to

strangearis from the neckis of the poore communitie,

desist
fra

interprysing or fortificatioun

of strenthis within

this realme,

against the cxjiress will of the Nobilitie

:

and
stark

Counsall of the same

Yitt

for feir of her strangearis,

we being convened the mair wliome we saw presume iia

other

thing bot with amies to persew our lyves and possessiounis,

besoght hir Grace to remove the feare of the samyn, and

the

iiiak
;

Towne patent

to all our

Soverane Lord and Ladyis

;

liegis

the same on nawyise wald her Grace grant unto

but Avhen

some of our cumpany

at
thaiiie.

in peciable

mancr
that

Avcnt to view the said

scliot furth

towne, thair wes boytli great and small munitioun

And

seing

thairfoir

neathcr

access

was

granted to be used, nor yitt her Grace wald joyne her self to
us, to consult

upoun the

eifairis

of our commoun-wcall, as

we

448

THE HISTORY OF
tlie

Book

II.

that be borne Counsallouris to

of the reahne
;

same, be the ancient lawis

but fearing the judgement of the Counsall

foirsaidis enormities,

wald reforme, as necessitie requyred, the

sche refuisses
all

maner

of assistance with us,

and be

force

and violence intendis to suppresse the liberties of our commoun-weall, and of us the favoraris of the samyn
foir,

sa

mony

of the Nobilitie, Barones,

We, thairand Provest of Bur:

rowes, as ar tweichet with the cair of the commoun-weall,

(unto the wliiche

we acknowledge our

self nott onlie borne,

all

bot alswa sworne iDrotectouris and defendaris, against

and
foir-

whatsomever invaidaris of the same,) and moved be the

saidis proceidingis

and with the lamentable complaynt of oppressioun of our communitie, our fallow memberis
notorious,

of the

samyn

perceaving farder, that the present necessitie

of our commoun-weill

may

suffer

na delay, being convenit

(as said is) presentlie in

Edinburgh, for supporte of our com-

moun-weall, and
of

ryj)lie

consulted and advisit, taking the fear

God

befoir our eyis, for the causses foirsaidis,

whiche ar

notorious, with one consent

and commoun

vote,

ilk

man

in

ordour his judgement being required, In

of our Soverane

name and

authoritie

Lord and Lady, Suspendis the said Commissioun granted be our saidis Soveranis to the said Queue

Dowager
sche
sett
lies

dischargeing her of
or

all

administratioun or authoritie

may have

thairby, unto the nixt Parliament to be

;

be our advise and consent

faltis

and that becaus the said

declairis

Queue, be the foirsaidis

notorious,

hir

self

ennemye
wyise,

to our commoun-weall,

abusing the power of the

said authoritie, to the destructioun of the samyn.

And

lyik-

we
;

discharge

all

members

of her said authoritie fra

fra thinfurth

thinfurth

and that na cunze be cunzeit

without

expresse consent of the said Counsall and Nobilitie, conforme

to the lawis of this realme, wliiche
this to

we manteane
Officiaris

And

ordanis
all

be notifeid and proclamed be

of Amies, in

head Buro-his within the realme of Scotland,

In witnes of the

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

our

449
liave

wliiche,

commoun

consent and free vote,

we

sub-

scrivit this present

Act of Suspensioun with our

liandis, day,

yeare,

and place

foirsaidis."

[(Sic svhscribitm',)

By

us,

the Nobility and Commouns of the Protestants

OP THE

ChURCHE of SCOTLAND.] 1

After that this our Act of Susj)ensioun was by sound of

trumpett divulgat at the Mercat Croce of Edinburgh, we

dismissed the Herauld with this answer
" Pleis
:

your Grace,
resavit

"

We

your answer, and heard the Credit of Lyoun

sufRcientlie your perse-

King of Amies, whairby we gathered

verance in
evill

mynd toward
libcrtic

us,

the glorie

of God,

our

commoun-weall, and

of

our native

countrey.

For

savetie of the wliiche, according to our dewitie.

We

have in

our Soverane Lord and Ladyeis

missioun, and
all

name suspended your Com-

administratioun of the policey your Grace

may
*

pretend thairby, being maist assuiredlie persuaded, your

Keith previously mentions, that the
Councillors

The words enclosed within brackets,

occur both in MS. G. and Vautr. edit. but neither copy has any signatures.
Keith, in his remarks on this Act of

who

signed the Letter to

the Queen, on the 23d October, were

twenty-nine in number,
of Chatelherault
;

viz.,

The Duke

Deposition of the Queen Regent, says, " And for tliis reason, (the few persons

Earls, Arran, Eglin-

ton, Argyll, Rothes, Moi-ton, Glcncairn,

present at framing

it,)

perhaps, they

Marischal, Sutherland

Lords, Erskine,

thought fit not to sign the Act man by man, but to wrap it up after this general manner, viz., By us the Nobiliti/," &c.
(Hist. vol.
i.

p. 237.)

This evidently

is

a mistake, as the Act itself concludes with the express statement, " subscrivit with our ha lulls," &c. In the MS. of 15(50,

Ruthven, Home, Atliens (Alexander Gordon, afterwards Bishop of Gallowaj',) the Prior of St. Andrews (Lord James Stewart,) Livingston, Master of Maxwell, Boyd, Ochiltree Barons, Tullibardine, Glenorchy, Lindsay, Uun,
;

Lauriston, Cumiingham, Calder, Pittar-

a blank space of half a page at the end of the above Act, has beeu left for the

row

ProFosts of Edinburgh, St. An-

drews, Dundee.
the Letter
451.

purpose of inserting the signatures, wc may suppose, in a kind of fac-.simile.

itself, in

But see the note to the following page

VOL.

I.

2 F

450

THE HISTORY OP

Book

II.

proceidingisi ar direct contrair our Soveniiies- Lord

will, wliiclie

and Ladyis
for

we

ever esteame to be for the weall,

and nott

the liurte of this our commoun-wealth.

will nott

And

as your Grace
liegis,

acknawledge

us,

our Soverane Lord and Ladyis

trew barones and

liegis, for

your subjectis and Counsall, na

mair

will

we acknawledge yow
unto us
;

Magistrat

seing,

any Regent ^ or lauchfull gif any auctoritie ye have be

for

reassone of our Sovcranis

commissioun granted unto your

is

Grace, the same, for maist wechtie reassones,

worthelie sus-

pended be
weall.

us, in

the

name and

authoritie of our Soveranis,

whais counsall we ar of in the

effares of this

our commoun-

And

for als

melde as we ar determinat, with hasard

of our lyves, to sett that

towne^

at libertie, whairin ye

have

most wrangouslie planted * your soldiouris and strangearis, for the reverence we aucht to your persone, as Mother to our
Soverane Lady, we require your Grace to transporte your
persone thairfra, seing

we

ar constrayncd,^ for the necessitie of

the commoun-weall, to sute the samyn be amies, being denyed

of the libertie thairof, be sindree requisitionis

maid of

befoir.

Attour, your Grace wald caus departe with

said towne,

yow

out of the

ony persone liavand commissioun in ambassadore,

Frenchemen,
soldiouris,

yf any sick be, or in lieutennentschip of our Soveranis, together with

all

being within the same,

(whais bloode

we

thrust nott, becaus of the auld amitie

and

freindschip betuix the realme of France

and

us, wliiche amitie,

be occasioun of the

manage

of our Soverane

Lady

to the
;)

King
this

of that realme, should rather increase nor decrease

and

we pray 3^our Grace and thame bayth to do within the space

of twenty four houris, for the reverence
persones.

we awcht unto your

And

thus recommending our humill service to your

Yautr.

In MS. G, " your doingis."

The town of

Leith.

edit, lias, "

proceedings." - In MS. G, " for our Regent." Yautr. edit, has, " anie."

In MS. G, " placed."

Yautr.

edit.

has, " planted."

'

In MS. G, " accustomed."

1559.

THE REFORMATION
we committ your Hienes

IN SCOTLAND.

461

Grace,

to the eternall protectioun of

God.

"At

Edinburgh, the xxiij dayl of October 1559.

"

Your Graces humile

Servitouris."^

Tlie

day

following,

we summoned the towne

:

of Leyth

by the

sound of ti*umpet, in forme as followeth

" I require

and charge,

in

name

of oure Soverane

Lord and
all

Lady, and of the Counsall prescntlie in Edinburgh, that

Scottis

and Frenche men, of whatsumever

estait

and degree

thai be, that thei dcparte of this

space of twelf houris,

towne of Leyth within the and maik the samyn patent to all and
;

sindrie our Soverane Ladyis liegis

for seing

haitrent at cythcr that ane or that other, ^ that

we have na sick we thrust the

bloode of any of the twa, for that anc

borne, nurished,

is

our naturall brother,

and broght up within the bowellis of ane

;

commoun

countree

and with that

allya,

other, our natioun hes conshall

tinewed lang amitie and

lang as swa thei
freindis,
list

and hopis that sa

suite to

do sa

to use us,

and nott

maik

slavis of

whiche this strenthnyng of oure townis pretendis. ane and that uther,

And
^

thairfoir maist hartlie desyres that

In Vautr.

edit.

" the 24 day ;" and

this date is followed in all the copies,

The E. of Argile. The K of Glcncairn.

(Lords.)

excepting MS. G.
"^

In the British ]\Iusevun (MSS. Cotf.

ton. Calig., B. x.,

42.) there is a con-

temporary transcript of tliis Letter, which contains the signatures, or rather

the names of the persons
:

James of St. Andrews, The Lord Ruthvcn. The Master of Maxwell.

(Barons.)

who

signed

it,

TuUibardine.

as follows " Your Grace's humble Servitcurs,

The Council, having tlie authority unto the next Parliament, erected by common
election of the Earls, Lords,

The Laird of Dun. The Laird of Pittarrow. The Provost of Aberdeen,

Burrows."
^

for

the

and Barons, convened

the Protestant faction.

at Edinburgh, of

Vautr.

In MS. G, " the anc and the other." edit, has, " cither the one or tlie

other."

(Earls.)

in this

Some other trivial tliffercnces Summonds occur in MS. G.

My Lord Duke's Grace and Earl of Arran.

452
to desist

THE HISTORY OF
frome
fortifeiiig"

Book

II'

and mantecanyng of

this towne, in our

Soveranis and

tliair

said Counsallis name,

desyres tliame to

maik

tlie

same

free within the space of xij houris."

Defiance gevin, thair was skarmissing, without great slawchtter.

Preparatioun of scaillesl and ledderis was maid for

tlie

assault,

whiche was conchided by commoun consent of the

Nobilitie
in

and Barones.
Grelis

The

scailles

war appointed
preaching-

to be

maid

Sanct

Churche,
little

so that

was neglected,

whiche did nott a

with thame.
thei

greve the Preachearis, and

many godlie

The Preacharis spared not

openlie to say, " That

feared the successe of that interpryse

should nott be
it

prosi3crous,

becaus the begynnyng appeired to bring with

his word.

some contempt of God and of

thei,)

Other places, (said

then
Avliare

had bene more apt

for suche preparationis,

the people convenit to

ing."
all

commoun

prayeris

and unto preache-

In verray deid the audience was wounderfullie trubled

that 2 tyme, whiche (and other mysordour espyed amanges

us) gave occasioun to the Preachearis to efferme, "

That God

could nott suffer suche contempt of his worde, and abuses of

his grace, long to be unpunished."

The Queue had amangis

jiurjjoses,

us her assured espiallis,

who

did not onlie signifie unto her

what wes our

estait,

hot also what was our counsall,

of our awin

and
for
TEEAssoN AMONGIS THE couxSALT.

devises.

Some

company war vehementlie

all

suspected to be the verray betrayouris of

our secrcattis

a boy of the

Officiallis of
<J

Lowthiane, Maister James Balwritting, O'

four,3 '

was tackin carving O a

whiche did open the 1

; y

niaist scereat thing '^

was devised in the Counsall

t/

yea, these
>

verray thingis whiche war tliocht^ to have bene knawin but

to a verray few.

2
^

In the MS. of 1566, scalles." In MS. G, " at that."

''

Sanctandrois, within the Archedenerie

of Lowthiane."
i.

In

May

(Criminal
we

Trials, vol.

1555,

we

find

him

styled,

p. 378.)
*

" Maister

James

Balfoure, Officiall of

In MS. G, " quhilk

thocht."

ir>50.

THE REFORMATION

IN SCOTLAND.

453

By
and

suche domesticall ennemyis war nott oulic our purjioscs

our determinationis wer oftymc owertlirowin

frustrat, bot also

clianu;cd. ~

Tlie

Dukis

rouris,

that

lie

was

'^"'^'^ freindis O fjeve unto liini suclic tcr- "^""^ AN H a greatlie truLled and by bis fear war ^kJ^'fuII.
IJ
I

trubled

many

otlieris.

The men

of warr (for tbc maist parte

wer men
tliai

witliout

God

or bonestie)
:

made a mutiney, bccaus

Tbei bad done
tlie

the ungod
i'1"uk'^-

lacked a parte of tbair waiges

befoir,

same

in

Lynlytbqw

qubair tbei maid

a proclamatioun, " Tliat

tbei
sett

wald serve any

man

to suppress tbe Congregatioun,

up tbe Messe agane."

Tliai

and maid a fray upoun tbe Erie of

principall cbildren
self

Ergylis Ilieland men,

of bis cbalmer
;

and slew one of tbe

wbo notwithstanding behaved him

so

moderatlie, and so studiouse to pacifie that tumult, that

many
sol-

woundered

alsweill of bis

prudent counsall and stowtness, as

of the great obedience of his cumpany.

diouris notwithstanding maligned,

The ungodlie

and continewiug

in tbair

mysordour, tbei boasted tbe Lard of Tullybarnel and utber

Noble men, who cohorted thame to quyetness.

trubles

All these

war practised by tbe Queue, and putt

amangis our
selff
;

in exceutioun

by

i'"'^

Q^'^'"

the tratouris

avIio,

albeit

they then lurked,

not but Grod

pkachsks.

and

yitt ar not manifestlie noted, yitt

we dowbt
and

shall utter

thame

to tbair confusioun,

to the

example of

uthcris.

To

pacific tbe

men

of warr, a collectioun

was devised.
avari-

But becaus some wer poore, and some wer nigardis and
tiouse, tbair could

no

sufficient

sowme be

obteined.

It

was
'T"""

thocht expedient that a cunze should be erected, that everie

Noble

man
;

tbe 1 should cunzie bis silver work to suiM)lie present 11

^^^"^

necessitie

and thairtbrow David Forress, Jobnc Hartc,^ and

iMurray of TuUibarin

OF THE counsall.

Sir AVilliam

a proclamation, dated

otli

jNIardi

dine.
2.J(.lm

1574, respecting the false and adnltcr-

Mint
His

in

Hart was connected with tlie some subordinate capacity.

not occur

atcd

name docs

among
it

the

coins (placks and hard-licads) which were oi-dered to be brought to (T^indsay's Coinage of Scotthe Mint.

Otficers of the Mint, in the Treasurer's

land, pp. 184, 230.)

Accounts, at this time

but

occurs

454
utlieris

THE HISTORY OP
who
befoir

Book

II.

meise thair
THE TEEAS- the SOUN OF JOHNE
HEART.

had charge of the Cunzie-house,i did j)roBot when the mater come to faythfull lawbourls. and tuk with thame the instramentis apt Wlietther this was done by the falsheid

verray point, the said Johne Heart, and utheris of his

factioun, stall away,

for thair purpose.

and feablenes of the said Johnne, or the practising of otheris, Rested then no libip amangis our selfis is yitt uncertane.
that any

money

could be furnessed

and

thairfoir

it

was
then

concluded, by a few of those

that

whom we

judged most

secreat,

Schir Raiif Saidlair,

and Schir James

Croftis,^

having charge at Benvik, should be tempted, yf thei wald

supporte us with any reassonable soume in that urgent necessitie.

And

for

that

purpose, was the Lard of Ormestoun

in so secreat

directed unto

thame

manor

as

we

could devise.

Bot yit our counsall was disclosed to the Queue, who appointed the Lord Bothwell, (as him
^ The Cunyie House, or Scotish Slint, was near the foot of Gray's Close,

selff confessed,)

to wait

thumberland, Sir Ralph Sadler, and

ject

entering from the Cowgate, and formed

a kind of small court or square.

But

these buildings bear the date of having

been erected in 1574. The IMint had previously been moved from one place to another, such as Edinbm-gh Castle, Holyrood House, Dalkeith, &c. Thus we
find in the Treasm^er's Accounts, Febru-

James Crofts. The ostensible obwas the settlement of some Border disputes, which were arranged on the 22d September but by remaining at Berwick, they were able, with greater facility and secrecy, to hold commuSir
;

nication with the Protestant party ia

Scotland, without apj arently infringing the Treaty of Peace which had

ary 1562-3,

is the following payment " Item, allowit to the Comptar, be pay:

previously been

concluded. Sadler's private instructions to this effect are

ment maid be Johne Achesoun, Maister Cwnzeour, to Maister AVilHam M'Dowgale, Maister of Werk, for expensis maid be him vpon the bigging of the Cwnzehouse, within the Castell of Edinburgh,

dated 8th August 1559, and he was to treat with any persons he thought advisable, and to distri-

empowered

bute, with all

crecy,

money

to the extent of

and beting of the Cwnze-house within

the Palace of Halierudhouse, fra the
xi

(Sadler's
xxix. 391.)
to

due discretion and se3000.

vol.
i.

State Papers,

pp.

The

arrival of the

French

day of Februar 1559

2

zeris,

to the

troops in aid of the Queen Regent, led

21 of April 15G0, &c., 460, 4s. Id."

In the view of affording aid to the

a more direct and ostensible assist-

Lords of the Congregation, a commission was granted to the Earl of Nor-

ance on the part of England, in sending auxiliary forces to support the

Scotish Reformers.

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

455

upoiin the returnyng of the said Lard, as that he did with all
diligence
;

and

so being assurcdlie informed

came,

tlie

said Erie Bothwell foirsett^ his way,

by what way he and cuming

was
evill

upoun him

at unwares, did tack him, after that he

;2

wounded
four

in the heid

for

nether could he gett his led horse,

nor yitt his

With him was tacken the sowme of thowsand crownis of the sone, wliiche the forenammed
steall bonet.

and Scliir James moist lovinglie had send for our The bruit lieirof cuming to our earis, ourc dolour was dowbled not so muche for the loss of the money, as for
Scliir Raiff

supporte.

the tynsall of the gentilman,

whome we

suspected to have

bene

slane,

or at the least that

he should be delivered to

the Quenis handis.

And

so

upoun the suddane, the Erie of

Errane, the Lord James, the Maister of Maxwell, with the

most parte of the horsemen, took purpose to persew the said

Erie Bothwell, yf
or
tliei

myclit apprehend
(as

Morhame, whittherto
In MS. G, " beset
;"

thei

him in Creychttoun war informed) he had re-

in Vautr. edit.

pleasure."

(State

Papers, vol.
Cockbiu-u
in verse,
is

i.

pp.

" foreset."
-

528, 538, 542, GOO.)

in a

intro-

John Cockbiirn of Ormistouu has

duced among the " Scotish Worthies,"

already been noticed, in the notes to pages 142, 215, 237, &c. In October
1559, he received at Berwick, from Sir

work written

by Alex-

Ralph Sadler and Sir James Crofts, 1000 sterling, in French crowns, for
the present relief of the Lords of the

Congregation
63,
his
well,
6s. 8d.)

and also 200 crowns which was given to him

;

(or
for

andcr Garden of Aberdeen, before the year 1620, but which seems never to have been printed, and the MS. unfortunately cannot now be traced. Garden calls him " ane honourable and religious gentleman, very dilligent and
zealous in the
,<t.

work
.

of Reformation

:"

own

use.

But the Earl of Bothtroops,

"For

perrels, promises,

and some of the French

From thy linn

faith

expense nor pains, no not a grain weight gains."

being mformed of this booty, waylaid him near Dunpendar-law, in East Lothian, on the last of October, and robbed him of this treasm-e, wounding him
severely.
p. 70.)
'
,

^'^' "^ reference to Bothwell's attack, ^^ says,

Thy blood-shed
I

sooth'd

and taught

this time,

(AVodrow
On

Miscellany, vol.

i.

know,

unvi and

wrote Crofts I %^

/,

the 5th November, Sadler ^ /I i X u Cecil,

to

Secretary J

i.

limmcr lay, and a tirmnt too,) u n, the way. ^Ynd unawarrs lUd wound thee on
^^^^en curtfoot Bothwell like a

(A
.

travtor try'd, yea,

,

'

,- ,

with the information of the " mishap which " hath chaunced to the saide Ormestoun, to our no
little gi-ief

(^S- "** of the Family of Coekburn

.,
,

of

and

dis-

Ormistoun, circa 1722.)

456

THE HISTORY OF
:

Book

II.

teared liim self after his treassonable fact

We

call liis fact

treassonable, becaus that thrie dayis hefoir he

especiall

had send

his

servand, Maistcr Michaell Balfour, to us to Edin-

burgh, to purchese of the Lordis of the Counsall licence to

come and speak us

neather yitt any
his
THE
ERLF,

whiche we granted,
us appertenyng,

efter that

he had

promesed, that in the meantjme he should neather liurte us,

till
till

that he should writt

answer agane, whitthcr that he wald joyne with us or

not.

BOTHWELL
FALS IN PEOMEISE,

He

gave us farder to understand, that he wald discharge

Quene, and thairefter wald assist
us.

him

self of the

And
and

AND

HIS

TREASON-

yitt in this

meantyme, he crewelly and

tratorouslie hurte

ABLE FACT. S2)uilzeid the noble

man

foirsaid.

Albeit that the departure

and counsall of the Erie of Arrane and Lord James, with thair

cumpany
and
self,

foirsaid,

wes verray suddane and secreat

yitt

was

the Erie Both well, ^ then being in Ciychttoun,

so eschaiped with the

advertissed,

money, whiche he took with him

as the Capitane of his house,

John Somervaill, (whiche

was tackin without lang persuyte,) confessed and affermed.

Becaus the Noble
saiftie

men

that soght redress, soght rather his

;

and reconsiliatioun

then destructioun and haitrent

thei

committed his house

to the custody of a capitane, to witt,

all

Capitane Forbess, to whome, and to

soldiouris thair left,

all

was gevin a schairpe commandiment, that

within the said hous of Crychttoun,^

thiugis found

(which war putt in

till

inventorie in presence of the Lordis,) should be keipt

'

that

James Hepburn, Earl

:

of Bothwell,

find the Earl Bothwell in Creichtoim;

succeeded his father, Patrick third Earl,

in

but a

little

before then* coming to the

September 1556

see page 140.

At

said place, he

was depairted," &c.

i.

this

time he was in secret correspon-

(AVodi-ow Miscellany, vol.

-

p. 70.)

dence with the Reformers, and had professed attachment to their cause; but
being gained over by the Queen Dowager, this spoliation of

Crichton Castle,

now

in ruins,

was

formerly a place of considerable strength,

Cockburn of Or-

with an interior quadrangle. At this time it belonged to the Earl of BothAvell.

mistoun displayed the inshicerity of his The Earl of Arran and Lord .7 ames Stewart proceeded with 2000 men
character.
" to revenge the said injui-y, thhikiug to

It is

situated in the parish of

that name, in the east part of Mid-

Lothian, about eleven miles fi'om Edin-

burgh.

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

slioiild

457

the Erie Botliwell

gevc answer,

wliittlier lie walcl

maik

restitutioiin or nott.

Tyme

of advertisment was granted unto

till

him the
the

hole day subsequent,

going doune of the sone.

In absence of the saidis Lordis and horsemen, (we meane

same day that

tliei

departed, whiclie wes the last

of

October,) the Provest

and towne of Dundye, togetther with

tonne of Edinburgh, and

some

soldiouris, passed furth of the

caryed with thame some great ordinance to schuitt at Leyth.

The Duck

his Grace, the Eric of Glencarne,

and the

rest of

the Noble men, wer gone to the preacheing, whair thei con-

tinewed to nye twelf houris.

l

The Frenche being adverafter was apprehended,) Clei'k, tissed by ane named that our horsemen wer absent, and that the hole companye great expeditioun came to wer at dennar, issched, and with ^ laid. The towne of Dunwes our ordinance whair the place i
(who
'
-^

the first UEFAIT3 OF thecongreGATIOUN.

dye, with a few otheris, resisted a whill, alsweall with thair

ordinance as haquebuttis
feable soldiouris,

but being

left

of our ungodlye

and

who

fled

without strok offered or gevin, thei

war compelled
the ennemyis,

to give back,

and

so to leave the ordinance to

who did

farder persew the fugitives, to witt, to

the myddis of the Cannogaite, and to the fute of Leyth Wynd.

TJiair crewelty

then began to discover the self; for the

the

cRrEL_tic- ^iie
fki^-^'^^*=-

crepit, the aiged,

women and

childrein, fand no greater

favouris in thair fuiye, then did the Strang

resistance.

man, who maid

It was verray appeiring, that amanges our selfis thair wes some treassoun. For when, upoun the first alami, all man

maid haist for releve of thair brethren, whome in verray deid we mycht have saved, and at least we mycht have saved the ordinance, and have keapt the Cannogait from danger for we
;

wer anis merched fordwarte with bold curage, but then, (we say,) wes a schowt rcascd amonges our selfis, (God will dis1

Tlic

name

is

left

blauk

in all the

'

In \'iiutr. edit.

'

Tlio lii>l tlciiart-

Mys.

i"g of."

458
cloise the traj^ouris

THE HISTORY OF

Book

II.

one day,) affermyng "That the hole Frenche

in at

cumpanye war entered

list

Leyth

Wynd upoim

our backis."

Wliat clamor and misordour did then suddanelie arryise,

nott to expresse with

we
The

multiplicatioun

of wordis.

horsemen, and some of those that aught to have putt ordour

to otheris, over-rod tliair poore brethren at the enteress of the

Netthir Bow.

The crye of discomforte

blasj^hemed
;

arose in the toun

the

wicked and malignant

the feable,

(amanges

whome

the Justice Clerk, Scliir Joline Bannatyne i was,) fledd

:

without mercye
in at the

With great
Porte. "

difficultie

could thei be keapt

Weast

Maister Gavin

with a lowd voce,

Drynk now

as ye have browen."

Hammyltoun^ ciyed The

fray, followed, as

Frenche perceaving, be the clamour of our

said
is,

to

the myddis of the Cannogait,

to

no great nomber,

bott a twenty or thretty of thair infantes })erdues.^

For in
ordi-

THE ERLE
OF EEGYLE.

meantyme the rest reteired thame selves with our The Eric of ErQ-yle and his men wer the first nauco. o-^
that

that

stopped the fleying of our men, and compelled the Porte to be

opened
ROBERT STEWART.

efter that it

was

schoot.

Bott in verray deid, Lord

first

Robert Stcwarte,^ Abbot of Halyrudehouse, was the

iggiie(j

that

Q^^

After him followed

many upoun

the backis of the

Frenche.

At

mair frack

cam my Lord Duck, and then was no man nor was Maister Gavin Hammyltoun foirsaid. The
last
sj)uilzie

Frenche brunt a baikhouse, and tooke some

1

from the

In A^autr.

edit.

" Bannantinc ;" in

Sii-

MS. G,

" Bellenden."

Jolm Bellen-

mia ElpMnstone. He had a gi-ant of the Abbacy of Holyi-ood in 1539, while

yet an infant
ministrator.

den has frequently been mentioned see pages 358, 400. ^ ]Mr. Gawyn Hamilton in MS. 6. is added, " Abbote of Kilwynning :" see note 2, page 325.
:

Alexander Myln, Cornmendator of Cambuskenncth, being ad;

He joiaed

the Reformers,

and approved of the Confession of Faith in 1560. In 15G9, he exchanged his

Vautr.

edit,

makes
It is

this,

'

of their

Abbacy with Adam Bothwell, Bishop of

Orkney, for the temporalities of that His lands in Orkney and Zetland were erected into an Earldom in his favour, 28th October 1581.
Bishoprick.

infiints losse."

the French phrase,

" Les enfans perdus d'lme armee," the

forlorn hope of an army.
*

tural son of James the Fifth,

Lord Robert Stewart was the naby Euphe-

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

tlic

459

poorcs of
preast,

Caniiogait.
Scliir

Tlici slew a Papist

and dronken

named

Thomas

Sklatter,

ane aiged man, a

woman
tane

gevin sowk and her chikl, and of ourc soldiouris to

the nomber of ten.

Certane wer tanc, amongis

whomc

Capi-

Mowat was

one, [and] Maister Charles Geddcs, servitour

to the Maister of

Maxwell.
scliot
CASane schott at the Frenche, THK TELL SCHOT

The CastelU that day

declairing tliame thairby freindis to us,

and ennemy

bott he suddanelie repented of weall-doing. * of vietoryc, sat upoun the ramparte to salute

'''

thame The Queyn glad -*-.;& and welcome hir

to
^

ONE SCHOTT.
the quein
REGENTla
rejosing. AND UN^j\;ViotfH

victorious suddaiiis.^

One brought a
;

kirtill,

one uther ane

pettycote, the thrid, a pote or pane

and of invy more then

?

womanlie lawchtter, sche asked, " Wliair bocht ye your ware

Je pense^ que vous
I'aves achete

sans argent."^

This was the

great and motherlie cayre whiche schee tooke for the truble of

the poore subjcctis of this realme.

The Erie Bothwell,

any restitutioun
spulzeid, in

lifted

up

in

his

awin

conceat,

be

reassoun of this our repulse and disconfitour, utterlie refused

;

and

so within

two dayis

after

was

his house

whiche war no thingis of ony great importance,

his evidentis

and certane clothing excepted.

Frome that day

back, the curage of

With great difficultie some of the greatast estimatioun determined with thame selfis to leave the Many fled away secreatlie, and those that did interpiyise.
dejected.
;

many was

could

men be

reteaned in the towne

yea,

abyd, (a vcrray few excepted,) appeared destitut of counsall

and manhcid.
wittie,

The Maister
the
danger,

of Maxwell, 5 a
'

man

stowt and'^"EcocN-

Til SALL OF TUB

foirscing

to tak suche ordour that tliei

1

OF moist gravelie eytlier jj^^wKR ELL. myclit remanc to the terrour of

desyrit

Castell."

In MS. O, " The Capitaiu of the Vautr. edit, is the same as

Or, " I think

you have bought

it

without money."
''

the text, in omitting these words. 2 In MS. G. and Vautr. edit. " viotori'ius souldioiu'S,"
3

Sii"

John Maxwell, who

title

afterward.?,

in his wife's riglit,

as co-heiress,

as-

In the MS.

or "soldiers." of 15GG, " i)ause."

sinned the

of Lord Herrics.

See

note

2,

page 318.

4 GO

THE HISTORY OF

Book
selfis

IF.

the ennemy, or elHs that thei should reteyre thame

thair ordinance
wittis of

with

and baneris displeyed in ordour.

But the

men

being dasched, no counsall could prevaill.

Thus

we continewed from the Wednisday, the last of October, till Mononday the fyft of November,! never two or thrie abydingferme in one opinioun the space of twenty-four houris. The
pestilent wittis

of the Quenis practisaris did then exercise

sail

thame

selfis,

(God

recomi^anse thair maliciouse craft in

;)

thair awin bosome,

we dowbt not

for thei

caused two godlie

and fordward young men, the Lardis of Pharnyherst and

Cesfurd,^

who

ones had glaidlie joyned thame

selfis

selfis

with

us, to

withdraw thame

and thair

freindis to

The same

thei did

to the Erie Mortoun,

who promissed

be oures, but did never

planelie joyne.

Thei intysed the Capitane of the Castell to

in caise

deny us supporte,
counsall of

we war persewed

and,

finallie,

the

some was no

less pestiferous against us,

then was

the counsall of Achitophell against David and his discomforted soldiouris.

to thair malice."

" Rander,

Lord, to the wicked according

Upoun Mononday,
ische out of

the fyft^ of November, did the Frenche

for
^^s.

Leyth betymes,

kepping^ of the

victuallis

wliiche should have

cumed
is,

to

We

being trubled amanges

our

selfis,

and, as said

devided in opinionis, wer neather

circumspect

when

thei did ische, neather yitt did

we

follow

with suche expeditioun as had bene meitt for

men

that wald

have sought our advantage.

be dong
furtli

Our

soldiouris

could skarslie

of the towne.

The Erie of Arrane, Lord

haist.

James, and a certane with thame, maid

Many

honest

man

then followed, and maid suche diligence, that thei caused

the Frenche ones to retear somewhat eifrayedlie.

1

The

rest

Knox has here mistaken

days
:

the par-

Monday was
In

the sixth of November

1.

Weibiesday was the first, and Monday the sixth of November. ^ The persons here named were Ker
ticular

see above, note

*

M8. G, "for

keiping;"' in Vautr.

edit. " keej)ing."

of Cessftird. and

Ker

of Phai'nihnrst.

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

461

that ware in Leytli, pcrceaving the danger of thair fallowis,

isslied out for thair succur.sc.

The Erie

of Arrane

and Lord

^"J;.,^mf'[.

James

being more fordward nor prudent and circum TUREUPOUN MONUNDAY. spect, did compell the Capitancs, as is allegeit, to bring tliare
foirsaid,

men

so

ncy,

that eyther thei

battell with the hole

must neidis have hasarded Frenche men, (and that under the mercy
ellis

of thair cannonis also,) or

thei

must neidis retcyre

in a

verray narrow cure.l

Restalrig.

For our men warr approched ney2 to The one parte of the Frenche wer upoun the nortli

towardis the sea, the other parte marched frome Leyth to

Edinburgh
foughtcn
joyned.

and

yitt

thei

marched
befoir

so,

that

wo

could have

neather

cumpany,

that thei

should

have

We

took purpoise thairfoir to reteire towardis the

towne, and that with expeditioun, least that the formare cum-

pany of the Frenche should eyther have invaidcd the towne, befoir that we could have cumed to the reskew thairof, or
ellis

have cuttcd us of from the entrcss, at the Abbay of

Hal^^'udhouse, as aiipcirandlie thei had done, yf that the Lard

of Grange and Alexander Quhytlaw, with a few horsemen, had nott stayed boith thair horsemen

and thair footmen.

The

cumpany

whiclie

was nixt

us,

perceaving that we reteired with

of thre or
befoir us
so that in

spcid, send furth thair skyrmissaris, to the

foure hundreth,

nomber who took us att ane disadvantage having the myre of Restalrig ^ betuix us and tliame,
^

In MS. G. and Vautr.

edit. " cor-

ner."
* 8

MS. G, " ncir." The viUage of llestalrig

In

is

situated

about half a mile to the nortli-east of HoljTood Hoiisc. It was formerly a place of some importance, and contained a collegiate Church, founded by King James the Second, with a Dean, nine
prebendaries,

and two

singing-boys.

portion of this Church has been restored, and fitted up as a place of Avorship
in

connexion with

the

Parish

Cliurch of South Leith. The myre was no doubt that low marshy ground, fornicrly covered with water, Avhich extended to the precincts, or " the parkdyke," of the I'alace and Abbey of Ilolyrood. In a lease of the Park of Holyroodhouse, to "John Iluntar, burgess of the Caiuiogait," a special charge is included " for uplialding and repairuig of our said Park dyke, and casteing and redding of the ibwseis about the and also for " the medowis," &c. keping of the said Park, the Abbotis
;

462

THE HISTORY OF
;

Book

II.

no wise we could cliarge thame

and we war inclosed by the

schott.
taillis,

park dyke,^ so that in nowyse we could avoid thair

Thair horsmen followed upoun our
our awin^ horsemen over-rode our futemen

and slew diverse

;

and

so

be reas-

soun of the narrowness of the place, thair

maid.

was no resistance
in great danger,

The Erie

of Arrane,

and Lord James,

lyghted amanges the footmen, exhorting thame to have some

respect to ordour,

and

to the

saiffcie

of thair brethren,

whome,

by thair

fleying, thei

exponed

to murther,

and

so

war ciymi-

nall of thair detli.

Capitane Alexander Halyburtoun, a

that he was

man

that feared God, taryed with certane of his soldiouris behynd,

and maid

resistance,

till

first

schote and tackin.

Bot being knawin, those

cruell murtheraris

wounded him

in

diverse partis to the death.^

And

yit, as it

war by the power

testifeing.

of God, he was brocht in to the toun, whair in few, but yit

most plane wordis, he gave confessioun of his fayth,

medow, and groundless myre witliin the same." 20th March 1564-5. (Register
term.

(Treasurer's Accomits.)

Bishop

Lesley, in his account of this skirmish,

of Signatm'es, vol.

i.)

Sadler and Crofts, in a letter written

about the 7th of November 1559, (vol. i. p. 554,) have given an account of this skirmish, fought at Restalrig on the previous day, on which occasion the Protestant i^arty, commanded by the Earl of Arran and Lord James Stewart, were surrounded in the marshy ground, and their retreat to Edinburgh only
accomplished with a loss of thirty slain, and forty taken prisoners. * In Vautr. edit. " parke dich."
5

which he places about the end of September, says, that the French troops were " not content to be sieged with" at last, thay in the toim " of Leith come fordwarte with theii" hoill forces,
;

pur230suig to invayde the touue of Edin-

burgh

bot the Scottis

men come

furth

of the toun, albeit out of ordour,

and

encontered the Frenche

croftis

besyde the

men apoun the Abbay of Holieruid-

men

hous,

betuix Leithe and Edinburgh

MS.

G. omits " awin

;"

in Vautr.

owne." ^ Captain Alexander Halybiu'ton, at page 360, is mentioned by Knox as the brother of James Halyburton, Provost
of Dundee, with

edit, it is, "

whom

he

is

modern
vice,

wi'iters

confounded.

by some He had
ser-

previously been in the

as in

Queen's

Scottis men war put to and Capitane Alexander Halieburton with mony utheris was slayne, and the Frenche men persewit the chase evin to the poirtis of Edinbm-gh, and had maid gret slauchter, war not thair was twa gret cannonis schot furth of the Castell at the Frenche army, quhilk stayed thame frome forder persuit so they retered agane to Leithe." (His-

quhair the

flyte,

August 1555, he received

tory, p. 279.)

75, for his pension of the Whitsunday

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

463

That ho dowbted nothing of Godis mercy, purchassed to him by the bloode of Christ Jesus neather yit that he repented,
;

"

that

it

pleased

God

to

maik

liira

worthie to sched his bloode,

THE DEATH OF ALEXANEB HALYBURTOtTN,

and spend
tlius,

his lyif in the defence of so just a cause."

And CAPITANE.

enter,

with the dolour of many, he ended his dolour, and did (we dowt nott,) in that blessed immortalitie within two

houris efter that

we war

defait.l

Thare war slane

to the

nom-

ber of twenty-four or thretty men,

the niaist parte poore.

Thair war tackin the Lard of Pitmyllie, the Lard of Pharny youngar, the Maister of Bowchanc, George Luvell of Dundie,2

and some
slane,

otheris of lowar estait

Johnne Dunbar, Lieutennent

leg.

to Capitane Mowet.^

Capitane David Murray had his horse

and him

self

hurte * in the

Few

dayis befoir oure

first defait,

whiclie

was upon Alhallow

be suspected

Evin,5 Williame Maitland of Lethingtoun younger,^ Secreattar

to the Queue, perceaving

him
reads,

self not onlye to

This

sentence in

MS. G.

burgess of Dmidee, and Margaret Rollok, his wife,

"

And

thus with doloiu" of many, he

ended his dolour witliin two lioiu's efter the defate, and enter, we doubt not, in that blissit immortality, quhilk abydes all that belevc in Christ Jesus trewly." All the later MSS. correspond verbatim with Vautrollier's edit., which is the same with the text above, except the latter words, " within two hours after our departure." 2 The persons here mentioned as having been taken prisoners, were probably David Monypcnny of Pitmilly, or An(h-ow Fernic of Ferhis son David
;

had a charter under the Great Seal, of certain acres of land in

the lordslup of Dudliopc, Forforshire.

On

the previous month, he obtained a

of legitimation for his bastard

letter

son Alexander.

In ]\Iay 1559, Lovell

was

fined 40,

by the Justice Depute,

as security for Paul JNlethvcn, in con-

sequence of his non-appearance at trial. ^ In the MS. of 1566, a blank space

is left here,

and at

tlie

end of the next

sentence, as if for the jDurj^ose of adding

some farther
the apparent

details,

which may explain

Vautr.
edit,

want

of connexion.

in the parish of Monimail, the property having afterwards come by marriage into the family of Arnot; James Stewart, Master of Buchan, second son of John third Earl of Buchan,
nie,

In MS. G, " schote." has " hurte." ^

All-hallow even, the last day of Oc-

tober, being the eve of

Hallowmas, of

All-Saints.
"

(his eliler

brother John having been

;

killed at Pinkie in 1547)

and George On the Lovell, a burgess of Dundee. 4th November 1555, George Lovell,

Sir

William Maitland, the eldest son of Richard Maitland of Lcthington,

to

became Secretary
1.501.

Queen IMary,

in

404

THE HISTORY OF

Book

II.

wHvlva WHY WIL

LEVTH.

^^ 0^^^ ^^^^^ favored our j^arto, bot also to stand in danger of

LIAM MAITLAND LEFT his lyiff,

yf

lie

should remane amangis sa ungodlie a cumpany

for

quhensoevir materis came in questioun, he spaired not to

;

speik his conscience

of judgement, the

whiche

libertie of toung,

and

gravitie

Frenche did heyghlie

disdane.

Wliiche

perceaved by him, he convoyed him self away in a mornyng,

and randered him self to Maister Kirkcaldye, Lard of Grange, who cuming to us, did exhorte us to constancie, assuring us, that in the Queue thair was nothing but craft and deceat.

He

travailled

exceidinglie to have
.

reteaned the Lordis

to-

gidder,

and maist prudentlie

laid befoir thair eyis the dangearis

that myclit ensew thair departing of the town.

Bot fear and

dolour had so seazed^ the hartis of

all,

that thei could admitt

offered

no consolatioun.
Bott

The Erie

of Arrane,

and Lord James,

to abyd, yif any reassonable cumpany wald abyd with thame.

men

did so steall away, that the witt of

man

could not

stay thame.

Yea, some of the greatast determined planelie

that thei wald not abyd.

The Capitane of the

Castell,

than
said,

Lord Ersken, wald promeise unto us no

THE LORD KESKYN DECLAiRED HTM SELF SKIP HIM

favouris.

But

"

He most
-!

neidis declair himself frcind to those that

war able

KNNEMYE
TO THE

Whiche answer ~ gevin to the Lord James,2 discoraged those that befoir had determined to
^q supporto i

aud defend him."

CONGEEGATIOUN.

have biddin the uttermost, rather then to have abandoned the

towne, so that the Castell wald have standi thair freind.
the contrarie declaired, everie

But
self

man

took purpose

for

him

The complaintis of the brethren within the towne of Edinburgh was lamentable and sore. The wicked then began to spew furth the vennoum Avhiche befoir lurked in tliare cankered hearte. The godly, alsweall those that war departed, as the inhabitantis of the towne, wer so trubled, that some of thame wald have preferred death to lyve, at Grodis pleasur.
1

In the orig. MS. "ceased." -MS. G. adds, "his Sister-son." Vautr.

In MS. G, " have stude

;" in

Vautv.

edit,

"wold have

stood."

edit,

omits these additional words.

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

it

4G5

For avoiding of danger,

parte at mydnycht.

was concludit that thei should defor

liis

The Duik maid provisioun

it

ordileft
it,

nance, and caused

to be send bcfoir

but the rest was

to the cayr of the Capitane of the Castcll,

who rcceavcd

alsweall that whiche appertenith to Lord James, as that of

Dundy,

The

dispytfull toungis of the

wicked raylled upoun

:

us, calling

us traytouris and heretiques

us.

everie ane provoked

" Allace, yf I

other to cast stanes at

see
;"

One

cryed,

mycht
^^^\

ane other,
that thei

" Fyc,

give

advertisment to the Frenche ^

men
cutt

may

come, and Ave shall help thame

now
as

to

p','^^tis^of

the throttis of these heretiques."

And

thus,

the

''"'''"''""

heartis, so war the coo-iand formar determinationis of many heartis then reveilled. For we wald never have bclevit that our naturall countrey men and women could have wisshed our destructioun so unmercifullie, and have so rejosed in our adversitie God

sword of dolour passed throught our

tationis

move

thair heartis to repentance

for ellis

we

fear that

He

ff notTit

whose cans

we

susteane

sail lett

yock of crewell strangearis,

to have bene betrayed.

in

thame feill the weght of the whose liandis thei wisshed us

till

ennkmyks."

We

stayed nott

that

we came

to

Striveling, whiche we did the day

efter that

we departed from

Edinburgh
mater.

for

it

was concluded, that thair consultatioun

should be tacken, what was the nixt remeady in so desperat a

The nixt Wedinsday, whiche was the 7. of November,! Johnne Knox preached, (Johne Willock Avas departed to England, as bcfoir he had appointed,) and entreated the 4, 5, 6,
7,

and 8

versicules of the Fourscoir Psalme, whair David, in

:2
J,"f-.v'i?l'

the persoune of the afflicted peoi)le of God, speaketh thus

The

fourt verse
shall

"

thow the

Eternall, the

God

of hostis,

Kxlfx! in

how long
people.
5.

thow be angree against the prayer of thy

bread of
tearis,
6.

lixng,\n

TlioAv host fed us with the

and

kst'oV

ouk

hath gevin to us tearis to drynk in great measure.

1

TIiow

Wednesday was the 8th

1.

of

November.

In the

MS.

of loGO, "

tliis."

VOL.

- O

4G6
hest

THE HISTORY OF
maid us a
stiyf unto our nyclitbouris,

Book

II.

and our enne7.

myis laugh us to scorne amangis tliame

liostis,

selfis.

God

of

turne us agane
[8.

maik
lies

tliy

face to scliyne,

and we

shalbe saved."

Thow

broclit a vine

out of Egypte
&c.
it

tkow war

lies cast

out

tlie lieatlien,

and planted

it.] l

This Psalme had the said Johne begun in Edinburgh, as

foirseing our calamitie, of

whiche in verray deid he did not

obscurelie speik, butt planelie did adnionishe us, that he

was
in

assured of trubles suddanelie to come

all

and

thairfoir exhorted
first versicles

men

to prayeris.

He

entreated the three

THE AHGU-

MENT OF
THE
80.

Edinburgh, to the conforte of many.

He

declaired the argument

it

PSALME.

of the Psalme, aifermeing for his judgment, that

was maid

by David him

self,

who, in the spreitt of prophesye, foirsaw the

miserable estait of Godis people, especiallie after that the Ten

Tribes wer devided, and departed frome the obedience of
for it

Juda

was

nott, (said he,)

without caus that Josephe, Ephraim,

;

Benjamin, and Manasse, war especiallie named, and nott Juda

to witt,

becaus that thei came

first

to

calamitie,

and war

translaited from tliair awin inheritance, wliill that

Juda

yitt

possessed the kingdome.

He

confessed that justlie thei war

punished

for

idolatrie

committed.
tliair

But

he

affirmed,

that

amanges thame continewalie

remaned some trew wirschipparis of God, for whose conforte war the Propheittis send, alsweill to call thame to reapentance, as to assure thame of deliverance, and of the promisse of God to be performed
unto thame.

THE

DIVISIOUN.

He
2. S.

divided the Psalme in three partis, to wit, in a prayer

In the ground whairupoun thair prayer was founded And in the lamentable complaintis, and the vow whiche
:

thei

Thare prayer was, "That God should convert and turne thame that he should maik his face to schyn upoun thame and that he should restoir thame to
to

maik

God.

thair formar
1

dignitie."
is

The groundis and fundationis of

omitted iu the MS. of 1566, and in Vautr.
edit.

Verse

8,

supplied from MS. G,

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

467

tliair prayeris ware, 1. That God him self had becum pastour and governour unto thame 2. That he had tacken the protectioun of thame in his awin hand 3. That he had chosin his
: :

habitatioun amangis thame

4.
:

That he had delivered thame

fromc bondage and thraldome

those

5. That he had multiplyed and blessed thame with many notable benedictionis. Upoun

Two

i^artis

he gave these notis

the
felicitie

First,

That

of

Godis j)eople
;

may

not be
is,

measured by any externall appeirance

the same people, to wliome
bot also pastonr and protectour,

for oftjn it

that

God becumis
is

not onlye creator,

seveirlie

more

intreated,

then those nationis whair verray ignorance and contemiJt of

God

reigneth.

Secondlie,

That God never maid his acquentance and

leigue with

any people by
;

his worde, bott that thare

he had

some of
felt in

his elect

who, albeit thei suffered for a tyme in the

yitt in the

myddis of the wicked,

Thridlie,

end thei fand

conforte,

and

verray experience, that Godis premisses ar nott in vane.

That these prayeris wer dyted unto the people

befoir thei

by the Holy Ghost,

till

came

to the uttermost of tiiible,

assure

thame that God, by whose Spreit the prayare was

dited,

wald nott contempt the same in the myddis of thair

conteynyng the lamentable complaynt, he

calamities.

The Thrid

parte,

entreated in Stryveling, in presence of

my

Lord Duik, and of

the hole Counsall.

Wliairfoir

In the expositioun whairof, he declaired,

suffered his chosin flock to be ex-

God somtymes

poncd
tioun
;

to

mockage, to dangearis, and to appeiring destruc-

to witt, that thei

;

indignatioun
thair
selfis
;

that thei

that thei

may feill the vchemcncye of Godis may knaw how litill strenth is in may leave a testimony to the genera-

tionis following, alsweill of the malice of the Devill against

Goddis people, as of the mervaillouse work of God, in preserving his

litill

flock

by

far other

meanes then man can

468
espye.

THE HISTORY OF
In explanyng these wordis, "

Book

IT-

How
it

long shall thow be

angree,
claired,

Lord, against the prayer of thy people

he de-

How
;

dolorouse and fearfull

was

to feght against

that tentatioun,
prayaris

that

God turned away

ellis

his

face

from our

for that

was nothing
be

then to comprehend and

destructioun
:

conceave

God

to

armed

to

our

whiche

temptatioun no flesche can abyd nor owercome, onless the

mychtie Spreit of God intei^pone the

self suddanelie.

The example he
and reprobate
did
call

gave, the impatience of Saule,

when God
be,

wald nott hear his prayaris.

that the elect, susteaned
still

The

difference betuix the elect

in that temjjtatioun,

he planelie declaired to

by

the secreat

power of Goddis

Spreit,

upoun God,
;

albeit that
is

he appeared to contempt

thair prayaris
to God,

whiche, (said he,)

in a

the sacrifice most acceptable

to feght with God,

and

is

manor evin

and

to

ovircum him, as Jacob did in warsling with his Angell,

Butt

the reprobat, (said he,) being denyed of thair requeastis at

Godis hand, do eatlier cease to pray, and altogitther contempt

God, who

straitlie
;

commandeth us

to call

upoun him

in the

day of adversitie

or ellis tliei seik at the Devill that

whiche

thei see thei can nott obteane

by God.
it

In the Secound parte he declared, how hard

corrupt nature of ouris not to rejose
self,

was to

this

when God geveth

victoiye

and putt confidence in the and thairfoir how necessare it

be brocht to the knawledge

was that

man by

afflictioun should

of his awin infirmitie, least that, puffed

up with vane

confidence,

he maik ane
nezzar.

idoll of his

awin

strenth, as did

King Nabuchad-

lie did gravelie disput

all ages,

upoun the nature of the blynd

warld, whiche, in

hath insolentlie rejosed when God

did chasten his awin children, Avhose glory and honour, becaus
the reprobat can never see, thairfoir thei dispyise thame, and the wonderouse work of

God

in thame.
is

And

yit,

(said he,)

the joy and rejosing of the warld

the end of
it

but meare sorrow, becaus

tendith to suddane destructioun, as the ryatouse

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

Applying these

469
lieadis
chil-

banquetting- of Balthasar dcclairetli.

to tlie tynie

and

jiersonis, (he said,)

yf none of Goddis

dren had suffered befoir us the same injurcis that presentlie

we
is

sustcane, these our tiniblcs wald appear intollcrable

suche

our tender delicacie, and self luif of our awin flesche, that

those thingis whiche

greatlie

we

lychtlie pass over in otheris,

selfis.

we can

complane

of,

yf thei tweiche our

dowbt not

bot that some of us have ofter then ones redd this Psalme, as
also that

we have redd and heard the

But whiche of

travaill

and trubles of
reading or

our ancient fatheris.i

hearing
oure
tliair dolouris

us, eatlier in

and temptationis, did

the bitterness of

so discend in to
?

selfis

that

we

felt

tliair passionis

think none.

And

thairfoir lies

God

broclit us to

some exbe
'''*

perience in our awin personis.

But,
yit,

because the mater

may

appeir obscure, onless

it

more

propirlie applyed, I can nott bot of conscience use suche ^^ *"'"''*

plainnes as

God
and

shall grant

unto me.

Oure

faces ar this

day

confounded, oure ennemyes triumphe, oure heartis have quaik-

ed for

fear,

yitt thei

remane oppressed with sorrow and

scliame.

But what

shall

God hath
I

thus dejected

we think to be the vcrray cause that us ? Yf I shall say, our synnes and
Butt yitt
for
it is

forniar unthankfulness to God, I speik the treutli.

spack more generalie then necessitie required

when the
that
in

synnes of

men

ar rebucked in gencrall, seldome

self,

man
him
he

discendeth within him

self

accusing and

dampnyng
Butt

that

whiche

most

displeaseth

God.

rather

dowttis that to be a cause, whiche befoir

deid.

God

is

no cause in

For example, the

Israelitis,

feghting against the tribe

of Benjamin,
tliowsaiid
last
;

wer twise discomfeittcd, with the loss of fourtio men. Thei lamented and bewailled boyth first and

but we fynd nott that thei cam to the knawledgo of

thair offence

and synne, whiche wcs the cause that

;

tliei

toll

in

the edge of the swordc

'

but rather thei dowted that

in Vautr.
e<lit.

to liave

\n

MS. G, "forefathers;"

" auiieicnt fathers."'

470

THE HISTORY OF
tliair

Book

II.

bene a cause of

mysfortoun, wliiche
" Shall

God
feglit

liad

com-

manded

for

tliei

ask,

we go and

any more

against our brethren, the sonnes of Benjamin

questioun,
it is

By whiche
lifted the

evident, that thei supposed that the cans of

thair overthrow

and discomfeit was, becaus

thei

had

sword against thair brethren and naturall countreymen.

yitt,

And

the expresse

commandiment

of

God

that wes gevin unto

in that caise.

thame, did deliver thame from

yitt,

all

cryme

And

no dowte but that thare wes some cans in the

Israelitis

that

God gave thame

so over in the

handis of those wicked

men, against

whom
till

he send thame, by his awin expressed

execut his judgementis.

commandiment,
LAND YITT TACK HEAD, easilie

Suche as do

^^^^^ uiark the historye

see the cans

and the

estait of that people,

may

why God wes

God
;

oifended.

All the haill

people had declyned from

idolatrie
;

was manteaned by

the

commoun
eyis."

consent of the multitude

and as the text

sayeth,

" Everie

man

did that whiche appeareth good in his

awin

In this meantyme, the Levite compleaned of the

vilanye that was done unto

him

self,

and unto

his wyf, whiche

oppressed by the Benjamites of Gibeah,

fylthy
lustis.

died under thare

Wliiche horrible fact inflammed the heartis of

:

the hole people to talk vengeance upoun that abhominatioun

and thairin thei offended not

thei go to execut

but in this thei failled, that

judgement against the wicked, without any

reapentance or remorse of conscience of thair formare offenses,

and defectioun from God.

thei trusted in thair

And,

farther,

becaus thei war a

great multitude, and the other war far inferiour unto thame,

awin strenth, and thought thame

selfis

able aneuch to do thair purpose, without

the

name

of God.

Bot after

any invocatioun of that thei had twise provin the

and prayed, and

vanitie of thair awin strenth, thei fasted

being humbled befoir God, thai receaved a more favorable

answer, ane assured promeise of the victorye.

The

lyik
it.

be amangis

us,

albeit suddanelie

we do

nott espye

may And

looO.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

end
tliat everie

471
liim
:

to tlio
1

man may
cumpany

the bettir
in

examyne

self,

will

devide our hole

two sortes of men

thair

The

one ar those that from the begynnyng of this truble have

sustcaned the

commoun danger with

fear,

brethren

The

other be those whiclie laitlie be joyned to our fallowschip.

In the one and in the other, I

found that

that just caus shalbe

us.

God

should thus have humiled

first

And

albeit,

that this appear strange at the

hearing, yitt yf everie

his conscience

man
tence.

shall

examyn him

self,

and speik as that

dites unto him, I

dowbt not hot he

shall subscrive

my
lies

sen-

Lett us begyn at our selves,

in this
battell.

who

longast

con-

tincAved

Wlien we war a few nomber, in

comparisoun of our ennemyes, when we had neather Erie

nor Lord (a few excepted) to conforte us,

we

called

upoun

we tooke him for our j^rotectour, defence, and onlie Amanges us was heard no braggin of multitude, of our strenth, nor pollecey we did onlye sob to God, to have
;

God

refuge.

respect to the equitie of our cause,

and

to the crewell persute

of the tyranefull ennemye.

Butt since that our nomber hath

bene thus multiplyed, and cheaflie sen

with his freindis

my

Lord Duikl
us, thair

his

Grace nothing heard, bot " This Lord will bring these
dreth spearis
:

have bene joyned with

was

many hun-

this

man hath

the credite to perswaid this

cuntrey

yf this Erie be ouris, no

man

in suche a boundis
all,

will truble us."

And

thus the best of us

that befoir
lait

felt

Godis potent hand to be our defence, hath of

flesche to be our arme.

dayis putt

Butt whairin yit hathe

?

my

Lord Duik
confidence

his

Grace and his freindis offended

tliei

It

may

be that, as we

half trusted in thame, so have

in thair

putt too

muche

awin strenth.

But granting

so be not,^ I see a cause

most

just, Avhy the

Duik and

his freindis should thus be conI

founded aniangis the

1 In the MS. of written " Duck."

rest of thair brethren.

" is often

have nott yit

lo6(),

"

Duik

In

MS. 0,

"

it

be not so."

472
forg'ottin

THE HISTORY OF
what was the dolour and anguishe of
ere well murtheraris, that

Book

II.

my

awin

hearte, when at Sanct Johnestoun, Cowper Mure, and Edin-

burgh Crages, those Lord Duik

for his

now hath
:

putt

us to this dishonour, threatned our present destruetioun

his

my

Grace and

his freindis at all the three jornayes,

wes to tliame a great

conforte,

and unto us a great discorage

name and

authoritie did
;

more

efFray

and astonise

us,

then did the force of the other

yea, without his assistance,

thei could not have compelled us to appoint with the

Queue
Lordis

upoun
Grrace

so unequall conditionis.

am

uncertane yf

my
am

hath unfeanedlie repented of that his assistance to

Yea, I
uncer-

those murtheraris unjustlie persewing us.

tane yif he hath reapented of that innocent bloode of Chrystes

blessed Martyres, whiche was sched in his defalt.
it

But

lett

be that so he hath done,

(as I

hear that he hath confessed

his oiFence befoir the Lordis

tioun,)
yit I

and Brethren of the Congreganeather he,

nether yit his
of

am
we

assured, that

freindis, did feall befoir this

tyme the anguishe and greaf

justlie

heartis wdiiche

felt,

when

in thair blynd furye thei per-

sewed us

And
trust

thairfoir

hath God

permitted both
:

thame and us

to fall in this confusioun at ones

us, for

that

we putt our

and confidence
feill

in

man

and thame, becaus

that thei should

in thair

awin hearttis how bytter was

to the Eternall oure God,

the couple which thei maid otheris to drynk befoir thame.

coycLcsio. Restis that boith thei

and we turne

(who beattis doun

to death, to the intent that

he

may

raise

up agano,
ance,
to

to leav the

remembrance of

his

wonderouse deliver-

the praise of his awin

name,) whiche yf we do
this our dolour, con-

unfeanedlie, I no
fusioun,
LETT THE
1>APISTIS
'

more dowbt but that

and

feare, shalbe

turned into joy, honour, and bold-

ROSS, tlicn tliat I

i\^q

dowt that God gave victorye to the

after that

AND GREAT- Qy^j.

^^

Benjamitcs,

twisc with

....

Israelitis

ignominye thei

'^'

keJs.

war repulsed and doung back.

of us

Yea, whatsoever shall become

and of our mortall

carcasses, I

dowt not but that this

1559.

THE REFORMATION IN SCOTLAND.

(ill

473

caus,

dysjiite of Satlian,) shall prevaill in the

realme of

Scotland.
Grod,

For,

as
it

it

is

the eternall trewth of the eternall

it

so shall
It

ones prevaill, howsoever for a time

be

impugned.

may

be that

God

shall j)lague some, for that

thei delyte iiott in the trewth, albeit for warldlye resi^ectis

thei

seame

to favour

it.

Yea, God

may

tak some of his dear-

est children

away

befoir that thair eyis see greattar trubles.

Bott neather shall the one nor the other so liynder this
actioun, but in the end
it

shall triumphe.

This Sermoun ended, in the whiche he did vehementlie

exhorte
all

man

to

amendment

of

lyffe,

to prayaris,

and

to

the warlvis of charitie, the myndis of

ouslye to be erected.

men began wounder-

And

immediatlie after dennare, the

Lordis passed to Counsall,! unto the whiche the said Johnne

Knox was
the end
it

called to

mack

invocatioun of the

name

of God,

(for other preachearis

war nane with us

at that tyme.)

In

was concluded, that Williame Maitland^

foirsaid

should pas to Londoun to expone our estait and conditioun

to the

Quein and Counsall, and that the Noble men should

to

departe

thair

quyett, to the sextene day of December,

whiche tyme was

amplie declaired.

appointed to the

nixt

Conventioun in

Striveling, as in this our Thrid

Booke following shalbe more

Endis the Secound Booke of the Histoeye of the progresse

OF Religioun within Scotland.^

Looh upoun
for
1

us,

Lorde, in the multitude of thy mercyes

to the

lue

ar brought evin
makes
it,

deape of the dongeoun.

tlic

Vautr.

eilit.

" passcl to

with

mission of William jMaitland

Comishall."

of Lethiiigton to

London

at this time.

See Sadler's
vol.
i.

Letters

and

State

In MS. G, " The

:"'

End

of the

Sccund

Papers,

pp. G01-G04, for the incoimectetl

Bulk
&c.

Vautr.

edit,

has

" Endeth,"

structions

and other matters

APPENDIX.

APPENDIX.
No.
I.

Interpolations and Various Readings in the Editions of

Knox's History of the Reformation, by David Buchanan,

PRINTED at London, 1644, folio, and reprinted at Edinburgh, 1644, 4to.
(the pages ajo) lines at the left-hand side refer to the present edition.)

Page
5,

1, line 5.

(This

title

and Preface are

not contained in Buchanan^s

editions.)
1.

20. Instead of the ivords, " In the ScroUis of Glasgw," &c.,

it

begins,

Li the Records of Glasgow

is

found mention of one whose

birth, scholler to

name was James Eesbj, an Englishman by

WicklifF:

accused as an Heretike, by one Lawrence Lindors in Scotland, and burnt for having said, That the Pope

He was

was not the Vicar of

Christ,

and that a man of wicked

This
fell

life

was

not to be acknowledged for Pope.

injust accusatioun

out

Anno

1422.

Farther our Chronicles make mention, That

6,
1.

in the dayis,^

&c.

23.

and condemnatioun.

Both these godly

men, Resby and Craw, suffered Martyrdom for Christ his truth, by Henry "Wardlaw, Bishop of St. Andrewes, whom the Prelates place amongst their Worthies. But that their wicked 2'>i'((ctise

did not greatly advance, &c.

in
italics

1.

25.

The words

are usually

literally copied

those in the text, quoted for greater

facility in

pressed edition

shewing the connexion. In Buchanan's editions there are numerous marginal notes. Many of these arc

from Vautrollier's supand of those which the Editor has added, only such as might be mistaken as Knox's, are here taken
;

notice

of.

478
7,
1.

APPENDIX.
11.

No.

I.

Helene Chalmer, Lady Pokellie, Isabelle Chambers, Ladyar not

it

Stairs.
8,
1.

4.

to

he

had in the Kyrk, nor

if

to

9.

That

is

not lawful! to fight for the faith,

be worshipped. nor to defend the

necessity,

faith
is

by the sword,
all

above

law.

we

be not driven to

it

by

which

12. gave

power

to Peter,

as also to the other

Apostles, and not to the

&c.

Pope

his pretended successour, to binde,

14. to consecrate as they do in the

yeers.

Romish Church

these

many
9,
1.

19. were then called, to wit, wholly, but a part to

the poor, widow, or orphans, and other pious uses.

5.
is

a preast, in that sence that they are called by the Apostle

i.

Saint John, Apoc.

truely
it

6, v. 10,

xx.

6.

7.

coming of Christ; and

in Scot-

was but

late since

Kings were anointed, namely

land, for

Edgar was the

first

the year 1100.

anointed King in Scotland, about

12. the souls,

who

in those dayes

be
for

in Purgatory.
it.

25.

not to he feared, if there be

were said to no true cause

26.

to

swear, to wit, idly, rashly,

and

in vain.

27. Priests

may have
contracted

wives, according

to the constitution

primitive Christian Church.

31. he 30. every day by Faith. and consummate, the Kyrk may make, &c. 32. hindes

of the law, and of the

not if unjust.
10,
1.

1.

to miracles,

to such

namely

as the

are to this day.

can help
robbers.

us.

Romish were

then,

3.

to

God

onely,

since he onely hears us,

12. are murtherars of souls.

to

and and
and

13. That they which

theives

are called Princes

and Prelates
after

in the

Church, are

16, 19,

1.
1.

14. upon the

morrow

brought forth
11. {This

10. into vulgar language.

judgment.

title

and

Fryth's Preface

are not contained in Buchanan^s editions.)

36, 37, 38,

1. 1. 1.

18, ivas ane called Will. Arithe.

2. his parasites

and jackmen.

12.

and

cryes,

Anne
said.

has lost hir spindle.

13. flaill stollin be-

hinde the barne.

39,
1.

9.

he said

she

13. that look over our ditch.

17.

ive

hold the Bishops the cheapest servant.

41,
1. 1. 1.

12. for the other Friers fearing.

6.

42,
43,

in

hollow
leapt

2,

He

cellars, for the smoke of. up merrily upon the scaffold, and, casting a gam-

bade, said.
49,
1.

1.

thy Majesties sometime servant.

is

(In

this

Letter of Seaton's,

your Grace

uniformly changed

to

Majestie.)

No.
51,
52,

I.

APPENDIX.
11. to put out thy. 15. could greatly availl.

479

1.

1.

17. fostered the unadvised Prince in

all dissolutenesse,

by which means they made him obsequious

unto them.
53,
1.

7, 8.

ten yearis or thereabout.

intestine

and

cruell.

15. Levenax

Lenox, who was

idols,

11. realnie in these times.

sisters

son

to the

Earle of Arran.

54,

1.

7.

of Rome

siqypressed.

commanded
of
Idolatrie,

the Bible to be read in English

8.

with their

which gave great

give

hope.
rest to
of.

{In the margin,) 1534. 1538.

God's flock for a time.

hut that

23.
12.

The

civil troubles

some

20. craftynes of Gardner, Bishop

assisted

God

potently

had

him

in all his

life, but.

56, 57, 59,

1.
1.

maid he

them.

Steivaj-t of Leyth. 3. Johnestoun, Advocate. Laird of Dun, Areskin. 20. as one revived, cast himself. 12. Borthioik, Provost of 61, 1. 8. ivhome war those of Dundie. Lithcow. {In the mai^gin,) Lesly writes this done 1540. John Borthwick fled into England, from whence Henry sent him into
1.
1.

Johnne

11.

Germanic
62,
1.

to the Protestant Princes.

and Monks, as of Channons. Alexander Kennedy. 2. excellent wit in wXgSiY poesy. 66, 1. 1722. so far had they blinded and corrupted the inconsiderate Prince, that he gave himself to obey the tyrannie of those hloodie beasts, and he made a solemne vote. 7. upon him, if he did not repent, and 67, 1. 6. suddane punishment.
4. Freai'is
1.

64,

1.

amend
68,
1.

his

life.

5.

arid

deid,

not saying one ivorde, that same day

that,

in

audience.

70, 71,

1.
1.

8.

forgevance of the said Thomas.

1-4. change or alter the heart of the infortunate and misled

still

Prince, but
in the midst

he did proceed in his accustomed wayes.

evills.

For

of these
5. espy

being asleep, he went out at the and detest. 10. Earle of Glevearne. 76, 1. 1-5. After God had given unto that mis-informed Prince svfUcient documents, that his warring against his blessed Gospel should not vrosperously succeed, he raised up against him warres, as he did of old against divers Princes that would not hear his voice, in the which he lost himself, as we shall hereafter heare. 77, 1. 18. our kingdome of Abbots, Monks, &;c., and. Forces were sent up and down to. 79, 1. 9. Forresse war rnnne upon
72,
1.

2.

eschaping, (the keepers

window.)

480
80,
1.

APPENDIX.
12. to
sJcaill and sunder. 26. wounded had not cut the dayes of his life.

No.

I.

his

high stomacke.

81, 82,

83,

84,

fidelity

the yeere 1534. that time Juglers. honour nor sharpe punishments. reproove I continuancehonour nor countenance. and Thare concurred Raid among them. should 23-25. amonges whome the Erie of Arran, notwith1.

29.

9.

Precistis

Prelats.
at

1.

2. xvhat

tyme

Avheu.

3.

Yles, in

13. Jefwellis
1.

4.

shall

i/oii hij

16.

1.

2.

prophettis, {omitted.)
he theirs.

4.

closenes

7.

11. that

that

device.

ivas

standing his

siding with the current

It

of the
bruited.

Court,

and

his

neernesse in blood to the King.

was

85,1.15. The fore ward goeth forth, feare their beacons on every side.
86,
1.

7'ises.

18. thousand inen;

5, 6.

experte.
;

8, 9.

baner

Mearns.
87,
88,
1. 1.

About ten houris expert, about ten hours. and he upholden by two spears, lift tip. 18. and In this mountain did. 27. array in order.

2. softly
1.
to

safely.

tack the bandis.

7.

Somervaill and Oliphant, and many.

9.

Worldly men say

that.

89j

who waited upon news at Lochmaban. (In the margin,) 1, 21. Others say, at Carlaverock, neere by the place where the defeat
was
given, called

Solway Mosse.

90,
91,

1. 1.

25.
6.

ane of his mistresses. 11. it will end with, a woman. for a scourge.

From Mary,

daughter to Robert Bruse, married to Walter Stuart, he feared that his daughter should be married to ane of another name and
family

but yow see by God's providence, the Crown remains in one and the same family and name to this day, notwithstanding the many plots of the pretenders to the Crowne both at home
;

and abroad.
92,
1.

15. ane

fit

comforter.

21. that so

it

shoidd

he.

93,

The Cardinal having hired one Henry Balfour, a which was done accordingly, priest, to make a false Testament 6. {In the margin,) Marke the Queenes mourning but in vain. {And a few lines loiver down,) Others stick not to for the King. say, That the King was hastned away by a potion. Levit. 12. Divers characters of the King arise post funera virtus. The disprcvsed him for being much given to women. 1. 4, 5.
3.
best.
;

Prelats and Clergie feared a change in the King's mind, as he had expressed himself some few years before. 10. cloked. Yet

to speak truth of him, his A'ices

may justly be

attributed to the

No.

I.

APPENDIX.
and
his breedeing,

481
in his natui-e

times,
for

and not any wickednesse

he gave

many

expressions of a good nature, namely, in his

sobriety
ceid.

and

justice, &c.

2Q. oppones thame,

The question. 23. he pretended and are against the govei-nement.

to

suc-

94, 95,

1.

16.
1.

against God's justice. heifof

17.

And

so, in despite.

1.

we

will after

speak.
in

8.

severed.

Ai'ran thus being established

to

the govei-nement.

9.

The Erie of

11. exalted him

in the bloody scroll, as

be Governour, out of ivhat danger he had delivered him, he being wee saw before and what expectation all
;

men of honesty had of him, because they saw him a

conceited goodnesse of him.
97,
1.

soft

man, they

but the Hebrew, Greek, and Latine. people used people used the Psalmes. 27. old Boses old Bishops. had of Old and New. awin vulgar 100, 22. {In margin^ Note war. vulgar and the hypocrisie of worldlings. 25. (In marand curry favour maik 101,
98,
1.

2.
6.

drouned

devoured.

Kirk
3.

the

Scriptures in the vulgar tongue.

9.

als, (omitted.)
first.

13. the

Church, he means the Prelats,

not

14. thei three

three, viz.,

99,

1.

1.

5.

the

12, 13. thair

toung,

so

19. in the

toung.

the

1.

5.

to

courte,

thairby.

the

gin^ Nothing could be said against the lawfulnes of Edward's

birth.

his

102, 103,

1.
1.

Katharine of Spain and Anne Bullen being dead before mother was married to his father. 5. ensew to this reahne. 18. Maister Radulph Saidlair. abode 5. contract of marriage made betuix. 19. abaide suyre at

fast to.

105,

1.

10.

bastard brother, &c.

fore

Abbot of Paislay, (called now of late John Hamilton, (In the margin there is added,) He was be-

sometimes called Cunningham, sometimes Cohvan, so un-

certaine

was

it

who was

his father.

go
107,
1.

to the pulpit.
6.

then to

have been so
his

14. his counterfeit godlynes.

one

jote.

25.

rycht

or the other would used deprehended any

18. one
8.

followed.

15. heirefter

heirof.

22.

joyt

his

pretended right.

2Q.

For by

Goddis word could not be good the divorcement of his father

from Elizabeth Hume, sister to the Lord Hume, his lawfuU wife, Baton, neece to James and consequently his marnagc with Beton, Bishop of St. Andrews, (Elizabeth Hume being alive,) must be null, and he declared bastard. Caiaphas spake, &c.
VOL.
I.

482
109, {To
this

APPENDIX.
marginal note
is

No.

I.

added,)

Renouncing

his religion in the

Gray
110,1.23.

Friers.

First, because he himselfe was borne by ; Beton, his father's lawfull Avife, Elizabeth Humes being Next, because his grandfather was borne by Mary yit alive Stuart to James Hammilton, when her lawfull husband Thomas

Governour

Boyd was
to

So the Earle of Lennox did not only preyet alive. lawfully next to the Crowne, as the late King James be tend the Fifth did often declare. That if he died without heire male,
he would settle the Crowne upon him, but also lawfull heire of the Earledome of Ai-ran, as being descended from Margaret Hamilton, borne to Mary Stuart and James Hammilton after the death of Thomas Boyd, her former husband, (now by this time the inconstant Earle of Arran had given himselfe wholly to the
Cardinall.)

The Cardinall, &c.

Penes

{In the margin,) All this

aiithorem. fides esto.
to

was

then said by the Cardinal.

111,
1.

4.

Ayre

sonare

Ayre,

Campbell.

6.

Leyth

in time.

112,

1.

15. that he

wold take.

16.

wold not grant.

to

light.

18. the

17. communicat

communed.
113,
1.

4, 5.

the

Magdelane day
took.

taching

114,

1.

2.

so attend.
his

war no more then 300. {In the margin^ Dundee, they said they were going to burn the readers of the New Testament, and that they would stick to the Old, for Luther, said they, had made the New.
17. thei
to

Gray had enemy.

to

Saint

Magdalen's day.

6.

Gray

his fortificatioun
7, 8.

had

fortification.

5. so

play the good servant unto him,

much attend was reputed

As they went

115,

1.

7.

friend.

have kept.
13.
ivas

Abbot of Paisley.
116,
1.

(8.

prevented,

i.

e.

anticipated.)

9.

thai'e

sent to the Bischop of Saint

20.

Andrews, the
his craft

war on the

place.
to

1.

ane certane number.

7.

whether

whereto. 19.
broke his craig

perswaded.
119,
1.

6.

ower

the craig

over

the wall.

8.

broken

his

owne neck.
thei

120, 121,
123,

1.

7.

the

ships.

1.
1. 1.

9.

other then

after the Castle.

9. feallis
1, 2.

war

Files war charged

to be.

124,

8.

Hary, sometime husband to our Queen and Mistresse. Erne's luyiff- enemies zf//e. 10. in pi'oiwtie in povertie.

No.

I.

APPENDIX.
1.

483

125, 12G,
127,

1. 1.
1.

he hes

had
1.

since,

14.
8,

hornyng

burning. 27.
4.

and that

in comvion.
ivith

him

Avith them.
in the text thus,) that

now
129,
1.
1.

In anno 15GG, {inserted livcth in the year of our Lord 1566.

Forte or gate.
intreat of.
;

and 128,

24.
6.

he eak neither maid. 18. thame 28. have used. ivhingar dagger. 131, may time come, we anotheranother sound of prayers. 133, preventedcame grones heard your within realme; ye 136,
130,
11. neyther
as

could
1.

being such.

tvold

3.

12, 13.

feare, in

to

will.
1.

19.

place.

3, 4.

6.

before.

11, 12.

yea, tve

bitter

(omitted.')

1.

7. aivfull

irefull.

11. hyjjocrisie

this

shall.

137,
138, 139,

1.
1. 1.

26. verray countenance 27.

7, 8,

weary countenance.
Spirit of Truth.

declared fully.

The

and

9.

And

so the said

John Knox,

albeit,

&c., (the in-

termediate ivords being omitted.)

142,

144,

Larde Johan Cockburne, Laird. where the Cardinall then had a Convention of Prelats, wherein somewhat was said of redressing the abuses of the Church, and reforming the lives of the Clergie but it took no effect. M. Wischarde remained but few dayes in Edinburgh For that bloody ivolfe the Cardinall,
1.

\.

premisses

promise.

5. the

1.

1.

transported to Edinburgh,

8. to be cruever thirsting after the blood of the servand of God. The Cardinall, seeing it was forbidden by the Canon Law cified.

to Priests to sit as judges wei'e heresie, sent to the

upon life and death, although the crime Governour, desiring him to name some

lay-judge to pronounce sentence against

M.

"Wischarde.

The

Governour had
without delay,

freely condescended to the Cardinall's request,

if David Hamilton of Preston, a godly and wise man, had not remonstrated unto him. That he could expect no better end then Saul, since he persecuted the saints of God, for that truth which he professed once with such a shew of earnest-

nesse

the profession thereof being the only cause of his adto that

vancement

high degree wherein he was

The Governour,

moved
;

David Hamilton's, ansAvered the Cardinall, That he would not meddle with the blood of that good man and told him, That his blood should be on him, for he himsclfe Avould be free of it. At this the Cardinall was angry, and said he would proceed, and that he had sent to the Governour of mecre civility, without any need. And so. 28. i')enult, the seven and twentieth day.
at this speech of

484
148,
1.

APPENDIX.
19.

No.

I.

have receaved from

certaine

records,

winch we

relate

truely, as neere as possibly

we

can.

151,

1.

9.

as saith

learning,

and

to

Paide to Timothy. 14. he able with wholsome impugne. 23. the Gospell he treated of appear-

eth not to repugne. 152,

156,
159,
1. 1.
1.

30.

Upon

the last.

Lawder, a

priest.

2. /mZ^ q/" outrages, threatnings.

24.
15.
1.

My
/
and

Lords,

it is

not so by your pleasures.

vanqiiest
spitted

him

I witnessed

160,

1.
1.

on the ground.
speak.

to

him.

22.

Layman

man.
Gray
Fi'iers.

165,
168,

3.

onr Generall or Provinciall Counsells.

1.

13. innocent
to

man
him

19.

two feinds, two

25-28. came

tvith all diligence.

And

confeiTed with

pretty while, at last burst forth in tears, but so soon as he

able to speak, he asked him, If he

him a was

would receive the Communion ? Master Wischarde answered, He would most willingly, if he could have it according to Christ's institution, under both kinds. The Sub-Prior went to the Cardinall and his Prelats, he told them, That Master Wischarde was an innocent man which he
;

said,

not to intercede for his

life,

but to make known the inno-

cency of the man unto all men, as it was known to God. At these words the Cardinall was angry, and said to the Sub-Prior, Long agoe we knew what you were. Then the Sub-Prior de-

manded. Whether they would

the

Communion

or not

suffer M. Wischarde to receive They answered, No. A while after

M. Wischarde had ended with

him, If he would break
willingly, for I
all

the Sub-Prior, the Captaine of

the Castle, with some other friends,

fast

came
?

to him,

and asked

with them

He

answered, Most

know you

to

being ready, he desired them to

be most honest and godly men ; so sit downe, and heare him a

Then he discoursed to them about halfe an houre concerning the Lord's Supper, his sufferings and death He exliorteth them to love one another, laying aside all for us. rancor, envie, and vengeance, as perfect members of Christ, who After this, he intercedes continually for us to God the Father. gave thanks, and blessing the bread and wine, he took the bread and brake it, and gave to every one of it, bidding each of them, Remember that Christ had died for them, and feed on it spiwhile with patience.
ritually
;

so taking the cup,

blood was shed for them, &c.

prayed

for

them.

When

he bade them, Remember that Christ's and after, he gave thanks and he had done, he told them, That he
;

would neither

eat nor drink

more

in this life

and

so retired to

No.

I.

APPENDIX.
chamber.

485
to

his

Immediately
it

after
;

came

him

(sent

from the

Cardinall) two executioners

died black, and put
full

one brought him a coat of linnen upon him the other brought some bags
;

of powder, which they tied to severall parts of his body.

hinij

Then having dressed

they brought him to an outer roome,

Then the fire was made ready, and the stake at the Avest port of the Castle, neere to the Priory. Over against the place of execution, the Castle windows were hung with rich hangings, and velvet cushions, laid for the Cardinall and Prelats, who fi'om thence did feed their eyes with the torments of this innocent man. The Cardirial dreading. 17. tempt me not, 169, 1. 6. and led and with sound of trumpet led.
neere to the gate of the Castle.

I intreat you.

After

this.

25. woixls

I beseik you

obtained leave to speak a

171,
1.

little,

I beseech you.

3.

Then the executioner,

fire

that

was

his tormentor.

words, having And

8.

then

hy and hy the trumpet sounding, he

was tyed

to the stake,

and

the

kindled.

The Captaine
;

of the Castle, for the love he

bore to

thereof did

M. Wischarde, drew so neer to the fire, that the flame him harme he wished M. Wischarde to be of good

courage, and to beg from

God

the forgivenesse of his sins

:

to

whom M. Wischarde

answered thus

This

fire

torments

my

body, hot no wayes abates

my

spirit.

Then M. Wischarde,
state, firom

looking towards the Cardinall, said.

that high place, feedeth his eyes

He who in such with my torments,

within few

dayes shall be hanged out at the same window, to be seen with

as

much ignominy,
this,

as he

now

leaneth there in pride.

Then
;

with

the executioner drawing the cord, stopt his breath

fire

presently after, the

being great, he was consumed to powder.

The

Prelats would not suffer any prayers to be

made

for him,

according to their custome.

arde, the Cardinall

After the death of Master Wischhis flatterers,

was cryed up by

and

all

the

rabble of the

corrupt Clergie, as the onely defender of the

Catholike Church, and punisher of Hereticks, neglecting the

authority of the sluggish Governour
:

And

it

was

said

by them,

That
like

if

the gi'eat Prelates of latter dayes, both at

home and

abroad, had been so stout and zealous of the credit of the Catho-

Church, they had not onely suppressed

all

Plereticks, but

also kept

under the lay-men, who were so forward and stubborne. On the other side, when that the peojjle beheld the great tormenting of that innocent, they could not ivithhold from piteous mourning and
After the death, &c.

complaining of the innocent lamb's slaughter.

486
172,
1.

APPENDIX.
3.

No.

I.

or else

it

should cost

life foi-

life;

and that

in a short time

they should be like hogs kept for slaughter, by this vitious Priest, and wicked monster, which neither minded God, nor cared for men.
nall's cruelty,

Amongst

those that spake against the Cardi-

John

Leslie^ Irother to the

Earle of Rothes, ivas chief

great follower
before, fell
little

with his cozen

Norman

Lesley,

who had been a

him but a
to

of the Cardinal!, and very active for

so foule with him, that they

came

high reproaches one with

another.
nesse,
dinall.

The

occasion of their falling out

was a

private busi-

wherein

Norman

Lesley said he was wronged by the Cai*his inferiour.

to say,

On

the other side, the Cardinall said he was not with

The said John That that same dagger, (shewing forth his dagger,) and that same hand, should be put These bnites came, &c. 14. and proin the Cardinall's brest. messed amitie ivith him, and so he gave his bastard eldest daughter in marriage to the Earle of Crawford his eldest son and heir, and caused the wedding to be celebrate with such state, as if she had been a Princes lawfull daughter. He only feared, &c.
respect used
Lesley, in nil companies, spared not

by Norman Lesley

173,

1.

10.

chevouslie regnes

secreat counsall, (omitted.)

175,

1.

6.

177, {In the

178,

1.

3.

12. fead Mary Mary that now, 1566, 25. hy numher no number. and words of James Melvin. margin,) The Hoiv miserably lay David fowseis syde house
not only say.
fooles.

17.

that noiv mis-

raignes.

hut

his

in

great

in gi-eat

fact

side.

13, 14.

Betoun, cairfull Cardinall, (these loords are omitted.)

180,

1.

15.

The death of

this

cforesaid tyrant, as

it

was pleasing

to

some, to wit, to those

gion, for they

who had

received the Reformation of

reli-

Romanists
it loas

whom

were mightily afraid of him, and also to sundry he kept under as slaves so on the other side,
;

dolorous

to the priests.

1. 5. besieged. Divers gentlemen of Fife went into the Castle, and abode there Avith the Leslies during the first siege and John Rough was preacher to them. 7. and for his riches he would not. 1 84, 1. 24. the hole seige,) having left the Castle, because he could do little good upon those that were with him so addicted were they to their evil wayes, begane to preach in the city of S. Andrews. 186, 1. 22. any man, namely, in the time of need, as that was. 190, 1. 17. kynd of doctrine wind of doctrine.

181,

196, 197,

1. 1.

32.
18.

Whither
that

may

lee

do the same in matters of religion? (omitted.)

God

hes ordained.

No.

I.

APPENDIX.

487

203,

1. 8. for upoun the niue and twentieth day. army. 11. in ^//a^ haven before.

10. with a great

204,

The seige hy sea and land was laid about the Castle of Andrews, the three and twentieth day of July. 18. brunt and some upon the street that leads to the Castle. 23. ground
1,

14.

S.

of the court of the Castle. 27. corrupt lyef having fallen into all kinde of hcentiousnesse, puft up with pride of their successe, and
relying upon England for help in case of need, could not escape.

205,

1.

7.

Upone

the

nine and twentieth of July.

cannons.
there

8.

xiiij

thirteen
others

14. place.

Betwixt ten of the clock and eleven,

fell.

206,

1.

17.

men

without God, (omitted.)

20.

gallayis,

among
began

John Knox was

212,
1.

in the galleys all the winter.

14.

schooting longis
faile.

shooting amongst.

17.

to reyll

begin to
215, 217,
1. 1.

12. forfaulted

sore assaulted.
the Cokill,

11.

Ordour of

and a pension of 12,000

lib. Tui'n.

with a full discharge.

218,

1. 5. her own ruine. 9. hett men patientlie hir finall destruction abyd God's appointed tyme, and turn unto him with hearty repentance, then God Avill surely stop the fire that now comes from

by sudden changing her heart to deal favourably with his or else by taking her away, or by stopping her to go on in her course by such meanes as he shall think meet in his wisdom, for he having all in his hand disposeth of all, and doth with all according to his own will, unto which we must not onley
her,

people

yeeld, but also be heardily pleased with

it,

since

it is

absolutely

good, and both by sacred and prophane history

we

ar taught to

for in them we finde that Princes have been raised up by hands to punish his people but when they turned unto him with hearty repentance, he either turned the heart of the Pi'ince

do so

his

to deal kindly with his people

or else did take

least did stop his violent course against his people.

examples are so frequent, that we spare

to

him away or at Of this the name them heere.

;

But
222, 223, 227,
1,
1.

to

returne

to

our Historic.
{omitted.)

9.

a godly man, of ajustifeid

24.
1.

in the saidis Chappell, &c.

in the Sands, Chappell, &c.

1.

man

but

how

it is

suppressed,

we know

nott

{In the margin,) of a man justified, which is extant to this day. Note: This booke was printed 1584, at Edinburgh, by The. Utrover {in the ito edit.) Tho. "\''outrolcr.
:

488
229, 230,
233,
235,
1.

APPENDIX.
10.

No.

I.

meanes as they looked

discrive
the
the

for.

1. 1.
1.

18. 11.

discover.
:

Duck Hamilton

(also, at j^age

238,

1.

4.)

20.

temporal Lordis that maintain such abominations as we

see,

and

flattering Counsellors of State, blasphemous.

238, 239,
240, 242,

1.
1.

5.

others hesydis.
thei will do,

The Bishops and

or can do.

theii' rable,

they begin.

11.

1. 1. 1.

26.
5.

Tack you yon

but few were
thare patentis

244,

2.

Take heed made rich.

their parents.

all

you.

and mischievous Marie. Marie of England.

247, 251,
1.

9.

displeasur, that idolatrous

24. cruell persecution, used by

Queen

24.
1.

as in doctrin

as in preaching.

and bent themselves. 252, 1. 6. was published, which vf& have caused to be printed at the end of this book, and is called. 17 to 20. And tharefor, &c., {the
1.

whole of this sentence

is

omitted.)

254, 259,

1.
1.

16.
1

both realmes

were disappointed who.

Thare assembled Preastis

5.

Instead

of,

Priests, Friers, &c.

265,

1.

1.

thareof

to

this

after Earle.

day
to

thareof
to us,

to his death.

25.

Thei lieved as

beastis

272, 274, 276,

1.
1.

32.
13.

to his glorie

many
together

others

your many other

They
to

Their
left

asses,

bloody

2.

now Erie

me

as beasts.

eternall glorie.
letters.

1. 1.

21.
5.

and geve
.

attendance
.

279, 280, 283, 284,

answer, {omitted.)

destlie absteaned.
1.

8.

this pastor,

or rather

and impostour.
your
is.

have care

27. hes allanerlie

to use.

^has

mo-

18. his Erne's wyff\ns,

cousin's wife.
1. 1.

18.
2.

What

that

man

of the law
5.

nether can err.

law.

synceir, {omitted.)

20. cannon

com-

mon
287,
\.

10.

cummer
by
{i. e.

rumour,
beside) us

289,

1.

26.

neer

us.

BOOK SECOND.
292,
1.

17. {In the margin,) Note.

pression,

Here is a solecisme newly invented by the Court Parasites.

in State ex-

294,

1.

20. {In the margin,) Note.

To

call the

Crown-Matrimoniall,
at Court.

is

an absurd solecisme, newly then invented

No.

I.

APPENDIX.
1.

489
in these latter days it

297,

4.

(/w

the

margin,) Note.

And now

hath pleased
{omitted.)

God

in his goodnesse to grant the pure

and primi-

tive Discipline also unto the

Church of Scotland.

20.

long.,

298,
299, 300, 302, 303,

1.
1.

21.
5. 2.

the libertie of, (omitted.)

t/ie

extreme, {omitted.)

1. 1.
1.

to
to

give the gift of exhortation by sermon.

8.

convein us

to

make

us.

10.

our presence, or counsell, or petitions.

bountifuUie.

28.

The

first petition

Here

26.

mercifidlie

beginneth the parti-

cular demands.

304, 305, 307,

309,

1.

11.

of

the which,

without explanation, hardly can arise any

profit to the hearers.

1.

23.
12.

to live

at their lust.
{livres

1,

a large purse, 40,000 1. Turn, or Scots, gathered, Tournois ?) 20. hi things as we thought unlavrfidl.

1. 1.

IG.

hords. Barons, and Burgesses of this.

in Parliament holden at Edinbui'gh,

312,

27.

Anno

1558.

313,
315, 318,
319,

1.
1.

28.
22.

any

other of the
it

godly that

list.

And
violent

appeared, that after that day that malice took

in hir then
it

more
1.

and strong possession

did before.

G.

Quenis favour.
thai-e rebellioun

1. 1. 1. 1.

2. 2.

321, 324, 325.

11.
7.

best serve 328, and oure The tenour whereof foUoweth. And. 22. 329, ye Is judged be gud &c. 331, contrary authority. he 332, war they that 28. thay 336, of ground place of ground. were war hope of 337, 24. ar servandis whom we 339, be gart caused the 340, TeringlandTarmganart. 345,
Vautrollier's edit.,
1.

327,

15.

1.

11.

lyces

very vehement. the people. Duke Hamilton. now quoted your Grace's your Princely. extreme most great owne
vehement
to

high rebellion.
9, 10.

instruct

cheaf, &c., {same reading as in

in note 4.)

21. best for

for.

necessiteis

extremities.

13. thair

their

lives.

1.

15.

espyed.

that

the Nobilitie.
it

1.
1.

5.
7.

nocht,

It is not. this

16.

to

treeis.

doth

to

8,

9.

is

cled

it

is

clothed.
1.

vsar

that first

there,

first.

30. platt

1. 1.

6.

erected

set up.

7, 8.

victorie.

4.

that

in

she.

as servants.
cut.

1.
1.

20.
5.

cutt the brigis

bi'idges to

490
351, 354,
1.

APPENDIX.
2, 3.

No.

I.

Cowper, .... assisted

28. practised with us

1.

1.

truble, or disquiet.

made shew unto

7.

Cowper,
us.

.... was

assisted.

Subscrived, &c.

Subscribed,

open the beirandbearing, departed, and was bighly. as 358, 26 the and twentieth. four, 359, wald would consent. 21. Palace and Kirk 360, and the place and the Church. 22. hidhid goods. irruption imto him, he would 361, one of the Colledge^- in one was 363, be done, and what ordourwas best and and Mr Dochteris by advice of Counsell. Grace our Mother. appoint. our Realme our 364, Sche The Queen Regent. suche that such. 365, That. ^/mmeselves. nothing the commission, she proposed. 367, abused Duke Hamilton, perswading him. successors 368, pretended crymes were ever entred of should leaf should Duke's Grace Duke Hamilton. small appointment appointment. 26. 369, no mono man. 370, chief domesticks. 371,1. or 373, 374, Januar) had decreed. 376, war they In Congregation. 377, harmless. maner matter. 378, haveand 379, any such gioun, 24. speak with. Lordis Protestants. unto the chief heads of the 380, Appointment, our Proclamatioun.
357,
1.

356,

1.

21. plane
16.
cast

plainly

Jajies Hamilton, Meneits Dosell.

see.

up

the portis

gates.

25,

namely.
1.

20.

departed,

hielie

1.

14.

the

six

16.

{omitted.)
the

1.

4.

vote

place,

idollis,

1.

2.

that.

8.

interruption.

15. stogged
4.

thrust.

1.

the

in

13.

to

be done,

that

to

oi'der.

18.

yit

is

hir

30. hir

1.

1.

to affix

to

6.

religion.

1.

6.

to

15.

17.
1.

19. advertist.

25.
5.

to

1.

8.

his

their

title.

16.

into.

25.

lose.

33.

the

1.

18.

finall

earthlie trea-

sure.
1.

7.

outsetting

upsetting.

11.

1.

substantious houskoldis

1.

3.

bawbie,

fartheing.

13. those of, {omitted.)

1.

15.

Restalrig

Lestarrig.

1.

17.

1.

2.

thai

are.

15.

the first

1.

1.

23.

skaithles

34.

thoill

suffer.
1.

1.

other

spirituall

other, either spiritual.

3. reli-

or

other.

13. in all

causes.

to

1.

12.

the

13.

tchiche be these.

30. this

No.

I.

APPENDIX.
1.

491

382, 383,
384,

1.

adversaries^

who

trie all

maner.

19.

and hh\
{

{omitted.)

1.
1.

15.
7.

quhat tyme
haith,

at the time that.

{omitted.)

Le Roy,

{omitted.)

Title inserted,)

The

Lord James. 15. bein, {omitted.) 5. strange 385, 1. 1. father, from the Queen my wife, and fi-om me. 6. gudlie well. to me, and so farre against. 19, 20. ye ar 28. thair declyneit ye have declined. 21. attention intention.

King

his letter to the

your. tkay Vous en 38G, Vons My most humble the King. The Lord James hardhad. importing. Majestic me very we were perswaded sould not 387,
ye.
1.

7.

senteras

sentii'es.

15.

Schir,

{omitted.)

his letter to

16.

dewtie.

17.

/asif,

18.

Ao\h.

24.

28. grevis

heavilie.

1.

8.

have.

18, 19. as

in our.

21, cair from.

388,

1.

14.

389,1.2.
391,
392,
1.
1.

^ewe/?^

deambulation. 21. done, 27. mak contravene kyn your 394, firstgive without. have good. 395, But case against We have reason they should mean any such 31. furnissing surmising. that some couldwould. remedy. 397, have asked was not ashamed of malice. ^^ojoea/Zmanner of ar cumit came. ar mynditdo mind. communitcommovit. ony part thereof 398, ane, of 399, reverence. of our and work your f 401, our commun-wealth. be foirnameit. and This 34, such basenesse, and such a deale of 403, guid and weighty money. men. wicked man. that tyme. 405, with not only 400,
1.

na man could. which. 9. libertieof.19. Tolbuith Town. For that after. nether yet. 19. For schort

9.

deambulatour
thair

18. fait in.

20.

worthelie

justlie.
7.

{omitted.)

1.

kin.

18.

violate.

first,

1.

1.

lippin

trust,

2.

to

IG.

taikin

18. saidis, {omitted.)

23.

oiir pairt.

in

all

thing,

thocht.

1.

3,

2^^^i fit

10.

17.

list,

so

for.

19. sche

to sett.

22. j^eisonis

24.

reconciliations.

28. Estaitis

State.
1.

31.

7.

contravenit.

8.

13.
1.

{omitted.)

2.

ever, {omitted.)

10. obedience

higher.

13. direct quite.

19. with

1.

2.

simplicitie,

to

nail.

11.

posteritie,

to

short, to

15.

is
1.

so manifestly.
1.

is

not

to

be

is

to be.

brocht

it

to

strife that

all
1.

14.

9.

that

10. qtiha at

27. reasso7iit

all in the.

1.

19. thairin,

without,

25. the houssisgarnissit, {omitted.)

492
407, 408,
409,
1. 1.

APPENDIX.
24. yea, even of our bretliren. 29.
covetousnes of the Cardinall of

No.

I.

Guyse and the Hamiltons,

Amen.
1. 1. 1.

32.
14.
3.

trubill

any
.

\m^u?,i possession.

410, 411,

over our heads.

25. tred

course.

personis

misled Princes.
Princes,

... be God, move Princes to command.

13.
thair misled Princes.

7.

of

20. crewell misled

who

authorize the murtherar.

:

412, 413, 414, 415,

1.

20,

murther, and such like

Esaias.

32.

appelyteis o/" misled

Princeis.
1. 1.

12.

my Lord Duhis

Grace

the Duke.
God, expecting eamestlj your

10-12. Hienes, quham

29.

answer.
1. 1. 1.
1.

experimentit

416,
417,
418,

3. lawlie to our.

dear.

18.

of the same
8.

And

that ye would rather.

16.
6.
to

Onlie to shew.

this commun-ieealth.

420,

1.

20.

Pleis your Grace

a Madame.
all

plain declaratioun.
29, 30. sail treat or deal

for himself. 421, 1. 14. ye knew

Proclamation.
425,
426,
1.
1.

fully,

and

men
lait.

else.

20, 21.

The Queen's

10.
1.

thing not oflait

as in deed
all

it is.

yet

these could.
to

thing of haid\nc\iQ, Colme, Dumbar. {omitted^

3.
9.

4.

maid
of an-

the trewth,

12. seikivg con-

stantly

possesse the libertie of Leith,

which

be donation

cient Kingis thay have long enjoyed.

427,

1.

9.

to

wit

is.

22. mentenance

428,
429,

1.

3, 4.

to this

day, (omitted.)

mantainers.
the praise of Goddis.

8. write to

13. honour, (omitted.)

1. 1.
1.

13.

our, (omitted.)

20.

be

ofsuch reputatioun.

430, 431, 432,

433,

14.
7. 4.
2.

quhan, (omitted.)
support

our support.
that.

1. 1.

presentt day,
onlie

openlie.

thair brethren.

12.

maist, (omitted.)

10. deceat, that to lift thair weaponis against

glorie,

or yet.

434, 435, 436,

1.
1.

26.
2. 7.

thame, so they did answer unto her, as by.

moist, (omitted.)

1.
1.

self and those that followeth you.

437, 438,

28.

It will
at.

remembrance
(as befoir)

minde, how
1.

12.

we

ec?'//

move and declair.

Your Majestie 20.

And

that.

may

call to

humbill, (omitted.)

No.

I.

APPENDIX.

493

439,

1. 3. maid by these about the Qtcetie. 6. never anis hath made any shew of any such thing, bott only in. 10. poor-e com-

monalty.

17.

Lad?/

Wliich accusation hath continued ever

against him, as guilty of that crime

he therefore now openly

and plairJie
(Opposite
to

protesteth.
line 8, the first

marginal note begins,)

Now

the

Duke
grow

seeing the Queen's partie decline, and the Protestant party

strong, he once

more changeth the

profession of his religion,

and joyneth

Avith the Protestants, as strongest.

is,

{Aiid at line 24,)

tell.

How
440,
1.

true this

the constant course of the family can

3.

^our

our.

{Marginal

note,)

patriots they were,

men judge of the purpose of the who sold our Soveraign to France private profit, and they by name were the Hamiltons.
1. 1.

and let all Frenche, and how good and wise

Let
this bee noted,

for their

441, 442,

never firmly he seeing just cause, might deprive them. 22. used useth second means. she openly declares the be conas 443, (Marginal And quest, and no more in the deposition. and our Soveraigne. 31. awin, 22. for only because. uttermost mine, 444, 30. of Sanct Johnestoun, 24. moneth. in other townes. 21. Soverane in 445, Lord deceased without heirs of her persone. 24. our whole causes caused coine her Grace placesAgain, she so placeth. 28. And 445, by remissionis, conform 446, 448, fearing your Grace Madame. 449, for worthy Lord and Lady 450, Again we desire you maid 451, of October 24 of October.
3.

21.

so

tyranicaUy to domineer over them.

(omitted.)
9.

called and,

that it

is.

17.

so

establish any, but at his pleasure^

1.

3.

idolatrie,

also

counti'ie to

fi'ee.

finallie.

9.

note,)

the disposition

in

11, 12.

disorder.

14.

(omitted.)

1.

10.

so that.

that

lauchfull, (omitted.)
this

(omitted.)

1.

4.

last

5.

cuntree.
1.

... to

lead-wo?2e?/.

attour,

1.

5,

be his

this.

11.

to the

practise.

1.

2.
9.

lest the.

1.
1.

Pleise

2.

their true.

7.

reasons.

16.

stcte

follow.

17, 18.

oft before.

cause.

1.

1. xxiii

10. that thei, (oynitted.)

and not strive to make. 15. The ungodlie soldiouris, in 453, 1. 2, name, requiring thame. hatred of goodnesse and good men, continuing in their disorder, mocke the Laird. 22. shall make them know me.
18. sa lang as they use us as friends,

458,
459,

1. 1.

9. 6.

without delay.

The Captain

of

the

Castle.

27.

desgred, (omitted.)

21.

back, the carriage of money leas dejected.

494
460,
1.

APPENDIX.
21.

No.

II.

betimes in the
1.

morning

for keeping.

461,1. 24, 462,

1.

so that in

no wise we could charge thame, {omitted.)

lui'ked.
:

463, 464,

I. 1.
1. 1.

7.

after our departure.

28. before lurked

9.

there

465,
466,

Alas if I might see another defie given

altogitlher, {omitted.)

Give advertisement.

22. co7itinewalie, (omitted.')

18.

468,
469,

1.
1.

23.
:

/ speak more generallie then the present necessity requirthair oy^n formar offences.

eth

for.

470,
471, 472,

1. 1.

25.
9.

himself, I speik.

1. 10 and 12. certaine. 19. when their blinde fmy uncertane pursued us. 1. 16. {In the margin,) Let the House of Hamilton

remember
473,
1.

this.

home and quiet. Book of the History, &c.

20. thair

23.

With

this

we end

the

Second

The End of the Second Book.

No.

II.

THE LOLLARDS IN SCOTLAND DURING THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY.

In tracing the History of the Reformation, we must always revert
to a

much

earlier period than that of Luther.

The

chief witnesses

Church of Rome belonged to two distinct sects, but entertaining nearly the same sentiments the Albigenses, who were chiefly settled about Toulouse and and the Valdenses, who inhabited the Albigeois, in Languedoc mountainous tract of country, (known as the Cottian Alps,) in the provinces of Dauphine and Provence, in the south of France, and in Piedmont, in the north of Italy. Both sects may be considered as descendants of the primitive Christians, and the long series of persecutions which they endured, may have conduced to spread their opinions in other lands, and to keep alive a spirit of religious inquiry and freedom. The great English Reformer John WykUflTe, died in the year 1380. The persecutions which arose after his death, drove many of his
against the corrupt ceremonies and discipline of the

No.

II.

APPENDIX.

495

adherents into exile, and brought some of them to the western parts
of Scotland, who, having settled in Ayrshire, obtained the
the Lollards of Kyle.

name

of

Any

notices respecting

them

that

have been

preserved are unfortunately very scanty, but should not be overlooked

in a w^ork like the present.

Andrew

of

Wyntoun, Prior of Lochlevin,

the author of a Metrical

Chronicle, written about the year 1420,

when

recording the appoint-

ment of Robert Duke of -Albany as Governor of Scotland, in the year 1405, commends him for his opposition to Lollards and Heretics
:

"

He was

a constant Catholike,

All Lollard he hatyt, and Hereticke."

It

(vol.

ii.

p.

419.)

was during his administration, that the first Martyr of the Reformed religion was committed to the flames at Perth, for alleged heresy, in This was eight or nine yeai-s previously to the year 1406 or 1407. the death of John Huss, that " generous and intrepid Martyr and confessor of Christ," as

Luther justly calls him. Walter Bower, the continuator of Fordun, is probably the only original historian who has preserved an account of Resby, of which the following is an extract
:

" Lib. XV. Cap. xx.

De Combustione
APUD Perth.

Jacobi Resby h^retici

" Eodem anno [mccccvi] die combustus est Jacobus Resby, Presbyter Anglicus de schola Johannis Wykliflf, hasreticus condemnatus in concilio cleri sub magistro Laurentio de Lundoris, inquisitore ha^reticaj pravitatis, solidissimo clerico et famoso theologo, Qui quidera Jacobus, vitte sanctitate quampluriraum coUaudato.

quamvis interdum celeberrimus reputabatur simplicibus pra^dicatione, tamen conclusiones intei'sperserat in sua dogmatizaQuarum prima fuit, quod Papa de facto non est Christi tione. Secunda, NuUus est Papa, nee Christi vicarius, nisi sit vicarius.
periculosissimas
sanctus.
siones.

De

consimilibus, vel pejoribus, tenuit quadraginta conclu-

Cujus tarn Scripta

dicti

quam auctorem

Inquisitor confutavit, et

ad ignem applicavit
de hajresibus
in Anglia,

Ilujusmodi errores excerpti sunt Johannis WyklifF ha^resiarchos, damnati Londoniis

et incineravit.

anno Domini mccclxxx, per primatem Anglia3, et tredecim episcopos, ac magistros in sacra theologia triginta, ex dialogo, trialogo, Conclusiones et libelli istius hairetici adhuc a et aliis suis libris. nonnuUis Lolardis habentur in Scotia, et curiose servantur, ex instinctu
Diaboli, per tales quibus aquaj furtivne dulciores sunt, et panis ab-

sconditus suavior."

(Yol.

i.

p.

441.)

496

APPENDIX.

No.

IT.

The

several abbreviates of the Scotichronicon notice Resby's fate.

it

Law's MS. places

in

nicis Scocie," gives the

talibus et pejoribus xl.

but the larger " Extracta ex Cro1406 year 1407, nor omits the circumstance " De Conclusiones cujus liber adhuc restant curiose
; ;

servantur per Lolardos in Scocie."

later writers who mention Resby, Spotiswoocl says, " John WickliiFe in England, John Hus and Jerome of Prague in Bohemia, did openly preach against the tyranny

Among

and in this Resby an Englishman, and de scJiola WicklifR, as the stoiy speaketh, was brought in question for some points of doctrine which he taught, and condemned to the fire. He was charged by Master Laurence Lendores with 40 heretical opinions whereof we have two only mentioned one, That the Pope was not Christ's Vicar the other, That he was not to be esteemed Pope, if he was a man of wicked life. For maintaining these two
of the Pope, and the abuses introduced in the Church
countrey, one called Joannes [James]
;

points,

he suffered in the year 1407."

is

(History of the Church,

p. 56.)

This date

given in the Bi'eve Cronicon, (apud Registrum " Combustio Jacobi Henrici [Resby] apud Glasguense, p. 316.) Perth. A. D. 1407."
also

The prevalence
University of St.

of such opinions

is still

which Masters of Arts were required

to take, in the

more evident from the oath newly founded

of Arts

Andrews

it

being enacted at a Congregation, held

all

on the 10th of June 1416, that

should swear,

who commenced Masters

other things, that they would resist all adherents of the sect of Lollakds. " Item, Jurabitis quod ecclesiam defendetis contra insultum LoUardorum, et quibuscunque eorum secte adherenti-

among

bus pro posse vestro resistetis." (MS. Records of the University, quoted by Dr. M'Crie, Life of Melville, vol. i. p. 419.) Knox commences his History with referring to some person whose name did not appear in the Scrollis or Registers of Glasgow, who

David Buchanan and Petrie have rather hastily concluded that Resby was the person referred to, overlooking both the difference of time and the place of his execution.
suifered in that city in the year 1422.

Another proof of the increase of the Lollards

in Scotland, is fur-

nished by an Act in the Parliament of King James the First, held at Perth, on the 12th March 1424-5, soon after his return from his

long captivity in England "

Of Heretickis and Lollardis.

" Item, Anentis Heretikis and Lollardis, that ilk Bischop sail ger inquyr be the Inquisicione of Heresy, quhar ony sik beis fundyne, ande at thai be punyst as Lawe of Haly Kirk requiris Ande, gif it
:

No.

II.

APPENDIX.
power be
callyt tliarto in
vol,
ii.

497
suppowale and helpp. 7.)

misteris, that Secular

ing of Halj Kirk."

(Acta Pari. Scotia^,

is

The prevalence

of reformed opinions

also clear

from the appoint-

Such an ment of a dignified Churchman as Heretical Inquisitor. office would obviously never have been contemplated, unless for the wide spread of what was deemed to be heresy. Laurence of Lindores, Abbot of Scone, in 1411, was the first Professor of Law in the newly erected University of St. Andrews, and he is described as " solidissi-

mus

elericus

et

famosus theologus,
the
title

vitte

sanctitate

quamplurimum

collaudatus."

But

of IlARREXiCiE Pravitatis Ljquisitor,

;

formed his highest distinction

or rest to heretics or Lollards.
his situation as

and he

is

said to

have given no peace

is

Whether Laurence of Lindores resigned

uncertain.

Abbot on obtaining other preferment,

Li July 1432, when elected

drews, he
is

Dean

of the Faculty of Arts, at St.

An-

Master of Arts, Licentiate in Theology, Inquisitor for the Kingdom of Scotland, &c. This office of Dean he held till his death, when (post mortem fehcis memoriae Magistri Laurencii de Lundoris,) Mr. George Newton, Provost of the
styled Rector of Creich,

Collegiate

Church of Bothwell, was elected

his successor, 16th Sep-

tember 1437.
written "

(Registers of the University.)

Avas

Examen

Lindores is said to have Hasreticorum Lolardorum, quos toto regno exegit."

by

Paul Craw or Crawar, a native of Bohemia, Beum. As Knox seems to have had before him the brief notice contained in the first edition of Foxe's " Actes and Monuments," the passage from that edition may here be

The next Martyr

old Scotish writers called

quoted

"

% Paule Craws a Bohemian.

"The same
at
s.

yere [1431] also was Paul Craws a Bohemian taken Andrews by the Bishop Henry, and delivered over to the seculer

power to be burnt, for holdyng contrary opinions vnto the church of Rome, touching the saci*ament of the Lords supper, the worshipping
of sainctes, auriculer confessyon, with other of Wycleffes opinions."

(Foxe,

p.

360,

first edit.,

1564, foUo.)

The

earlier notices given of this

Martyr by Bower the Continuator

also

of Fordun, and Hector Boece,

may

be quoted, the

latter in the

John Bellenden, Archdean of Murray, in the It will be observed that Bower mentions reign of James the Fifth. Laurence of Lindores as Inquisitor, whereas Boece says it was John
words of
his translator

Fogo, his successor in that

office,

who

acted on this occasion, which

some
year.

authorities place in 1431, others in

1432, or in the following

VOL.

I.

498

APPENDIX.

No.

II.

'

De

coMBUSTioNii Pauli

Crawak arch-h^retici,
est

et de

LOLARDIS.
"

Anno

sequent!

[mccccxxxiii] accusatus

Teutonicus, xxiij. die mensis Julij, apucl

Sanctum Andream,
condemnatus,
et

Paulus Crawar et hread ignem

ticus obstinatus repertus, convictus est et

applicatus et incineratus.

Hie, ut dicitur, missus fuit ab hjereticis

Pragensibus de Bohemia, qui tunc in maleficiis nimium prsevalebant, ad inficiendum regnum Scotorum, recommissus per ipsorum literas,

tanquam
tiam
sibi,

prjecellens arte medicine.

Hie

in sacris

litei'is
;

et in allega-

tione Biblire promptus et exercitatus inveniebatur

sed ad insipien-

omnes quasi

illos
:

articulos erroneos Pragenses et Wiklivi-

enses pertinaciter tenebat

sed per venerabilem virum magistrum

Laurentium de Londoris, inquisitorem haereticte pravitatis, qui nus([uam infra regnum requiem dedit lia3reticis, vel Lolardis, confutatus
est."

(Scotichronicon,

vol.

ii.

p. 495.)

remainder of the chapter, and the two following ones, has given some account of the rise and opinions which are too of these Hei-etics, and the mode of confuting them

Bower,

after this extract, in the

long for quotation. Bellenden's briefer notice is as follows " Nocht lang efter was tane in Sanct Androis ane man of
:

Beum
to

namit Paule Craw, precheand new and vane superstitionis

pepyl, specially aganis the sacrament of the alter,
Sanctis,

the

veneration of

and confession

to

be maid to Priestis.

At

last

he was brocht

afore the TheologiSj and al his opinionis condampnit.

And

because

he perseuerit obstinatly to the end of his pley, he was condampnit and brint. He confessit afoi'e his death that he was send out of Beum to preiche to Scottis the heresyis of Hus and Wiccleif. The King commendit mekyl this punition, and gaif the Abbacy of Melros
to

Johne Fogo,
It is

for he

was principall convikar of

fol.

this

Paule."

(Bellenin 1432.

den's Cronyklis of Scotland,

ccxlvij of

oi'ig.

edition.)

a mistake, however, to say that Fogo was thus rewarded for

the zeal he displayed in convicting Paul

Crawar of heresy

Dr. John Fogo was Abbot of Melrose in the year 1425,

when he

was sent to Rome on an embassy from King James the First. He was the King's Confessor, and was present at the Council of Basil (Morton's Monastic Annals, pp. 236, 237.) Sir James in 1433. Balfour treats him with very little ceremony " This zeire 1433,

(he says,) the King, at the earnist soUicitatione of the clergey, bot
especially of

the

Abbey

of Melrosse upone a luberdly

Henrey Wardlaw, Bishope of St. Andrewes, bestowed mounke of the Cistcauxe

No.

II.

APPENDIX.

499

quho had wrctten a blasphemous pamphlet against Paull Crau's named Johne Fogo." (Annals, vol. i. p. IGl.) But it was not obscure men or strangers who wei-e occasionally In the reign of James the Third, subjected to the charge of heresy.
order,

heresy,

the case of the Primate of Scotland

In is worthy of special notice. 14GG, Patrick Graham, son of Lord Graham, and nephew of James

the First,

was

translated from the See of Brccliin to St. Andrews.

Graham

proceeded to

Rome

to obtain his confirmation,

of the Boyds during their power at Court occasioned

him

but the enmity to delay for

some years his return to Scotland. During this period, the Archbishop of York having renewed an old contested claim as Metropolitan of the Scotish Church, Graham succeeded in obtaining from Pope
Sixtus the Fourth a sentence, whereby
fitting that

was declared " a thing unan English Prelate should be the Primate of Scotland, by
it

reason of the warres that might break forth betwixt the two kingdoms." The King, in 1470, calls him " Consanguineo nostro caris-

simo

;"

and

in the

same year

is

styled as " Conservator Privilegiorum

have returned in the year 1472 ; given a minute and interestand Spottiswood have and both Buchanan ing account of the troubles in which he was involved. In 1471, Pope Sixtus the Fourth erected the See of St. Andrews into an Archbishoprick, and thus Graham became Primate, Pope's Nuncio, and Legatus a latere. But his zeal and innovations in reforming abuses, excited the envy and opposition both of the clergy and persons in civil authority and darkened the latter days of his life to such a degree, that he was brought to trial, and by the Pope's Legate, named Huseman, who came to Scotland for that purpose, he was degraded from his dignities, and condemned to perpetual imprisonment, as a HERETIC, schismatic, &c. and was put under the custody of William Schevez, Archdean of St. Andrews, who was appointed his Bishop Lesley (p. 318,) places Graham's coadjutor and successor.
Ecclesia3 Scoticanaj."

He

is

said to

trial in

1477, and says, he was

first

removed to where he died

p.

Dunfermling, and soon after

imprisoned in Inchcolm, then to the Castle of Lochleven,

200.

in 1478. See also Sir James Balfoui-'s Annals, vol. i. " This end (says Spottiswood) had that worthy man, in virtue

and learning inferior to none of his time, oppressed by the malice and calumny of his enemies, chiefly for that they feared refoi-mation of their wicked abuses by his means."

Of

the LoLLAiU)S mentioned

by Knox as summoned

for trial before

.lainijs

the Fourth in 1494, no additional information has been ob-

500
tained.

APPENDIX.

No. III.

Alexander Alesius, in 1534, takes notice of John Campbell of Cesnock having also been summoned and acquitted see Rev. Chr. Anderson's Annals, vol. ii. p. 400 John Davidson's Memoriall of Two Worthie Christians, &c., p. 10, Edinb. 1595, 8vo; and Calderwood's History, vol. i. p. 54. In " The Praise of Aige," a poem, written about that time by Walter Kennedy, a younger son of Gilbert Lord
:

Kennedy, the progenitor of the Earls of Cassilis, we find these " This warld is sett for to dissaive us evin, Pryde is the nett, and cuvatece is the trane For na reward, except the joy of hevin, Wald I be yung in to this warld agane. The Schip of Faith, tempestifotis ivind and rane
;

lines

Drj/vis in the see

My yowth

is

of Lollerdry that hlau'is gane, and I am glaid and fane,

Honour with aige to every vertew drawis." The same author, in his Flyting or poetical contest with William Dunbar, among other terms of reproach, styles his antagonist " Lamp Lollardorum ;" and also, " Judas Jow, Juglour, Lollard Lawreat."

(Dunbar's Poems,

vol.

ii.

pp. 85, 90, 440.)

No.

III.

PATRICK HAMILTON, ABBOT OF FERNE.

In collecting some notices of
this

remarked, that
than
like'ly

Knox

has passed over his history

memorable person, it may be much more briefly

the time of his execution.

he would have done, had he himself been at St. Andrews at It has been customary to give a rather exaggerated account of Hamilton's birth and family connexions. Bishop Burnet says, " The first who suffered in this age (in Scotland) was Patrick Hamilton, a person of very noble blood his father was
:

brother to the Earl of Arran, and his mother sister to the Duke of Albany so nearly was he on both sides related to the King. He
:

was provided of the Abbey of Fern in for greater preferments, he was sent
Reform., vol.
i.

his

youth

and being designed

p.

291.)

(Hist, of the Similar terms are employed by later writers.

to travel," &c.

be somewhat modified.

This notion to Hamilton's high descent and jmreutage requires to His father. Sir Patrick Hamilton of Kincavcl,

No.

III.

APPENDIX.

501

illegitimate son of James first Lord Hamilton, by a daughter of Witherspoon of Brighouse, and died in 1479. Sir Patrick afterward.s obtained a letter of legitimation under the Great Seal, 20tli January 1512-13 ; and in a charter of the settlement of the Hamilton estates about the same time, by the Earl of Arran, he was called next in succession, (failing the Earl's lawful issue,) after Sir James Hamilton of Fynnart, Avho was the natural son of James second Lord Hamilton, created Earl of Arran in 1503, and who was legitimated on the same day with Sir Patrick. The latter was slain in a conflict on the streets of Edinburgh, 30th April 1520, His wife was Catharine Stewart, daughter of Alexander Duke of Albany, the second son of

was an

King James the Second.

She

is

also described as a natural daughter

the marriage of her parents having been dissolved on alleged pro-

pinquity of blood, by a sentence of divorce, pronounced 2d

March

1477-8.

It is

proper however to observe, that illegitimation caused

by the

dissolution of such marriages, in conformity with the compli-

cated rules of the

Canon Law, was not considered

it

to entail disgrace

on the children, nor did

regard to
1. titles

always interrupt the succession either in

or property.

Their children were,

Sheriff of Linlithgowshire, and

James Hamilton of Kincavel,

Captain of Blackness in 1525. He was summoned on a charge of heresy in 1534, bat escaped to England. (See note to page GO.) He
obtained permission to return in 1540, and was the means of accomplishing the downfall of his cousin, Sir
(ib. p. 66.)

James Hamilton of Fynnart,

The

sentence given against him by the Popish Clergy at

Ilolyrood House, 2Gth August 1534, was reversed and annulled by

the General
2. 3.

Assembly

in

June 1563.

Patrick Hamilton the Martyr.

Katharine Hamilton,
(ib. p. Gd, note,)

who

is

mentioned in a

letter,

29th March
Castle.

1539,

as wife of the late Cajjtain of

Dunbar

The reference in that letter may have been not to her brother Patrick, who was h-eiit in 1528, but to James, who was condemned for heresy The word bt-ent therefore might be read banished. in 1534. Patrick Hamilton was born about the year 1503. Being intended
for the

Church, he no doubt received a

liberal education,

influence of his fixmily connexions was sure to obtain for

preferment.

The time when he was promoted

county of Ross,
''

to

and the him high the Abbacy of

Feme,

in tlie

is

noAvhere stated, except in the vague,

It is

general terms,

in

his

youth."

however quite certain that

Feme was
Andrew

held, along with the

Stewart, Bishop of

Abbacy of Kelso in conwiendam, by SirEo])ort Caithness, who died in 1517.

502
Gordon, in
his

APPENDIX.

No.

III.

that on "

Genealogy of the Earls of Sutherland, (p. 93,) says, of June 1518 yeirs, Andrew Stuart, Bishop of Catheneys, commendator of the Abbayes of Kelso and Feme, died

The 17th day

at his

Castle of Skibo," &c. (p.

93.)

manuscript Calendar of

Feme, which may be held as the best authority, places the Bishop's death in 1517. But although this benefice was conferred on Patrick
is no evidence to show that he was ever in Priest's he necessarily, at the time of this condemnation, would have been degraded, or deprived of such orders. He appears however to have prosecuted his studies at St. Andi'ews, and to have taken his

Hamilton, there

orders, as

Master's degree, according to the following entry in the Registers of

that University
:

" Congreg. tenta, 3 Oct. 1524.

Mag'- Patricius Hamilton Abbas

de

Feme
It

Rossen. Dioc. in facultatem est receptus."

in the following year that

Hamilton went abroad, and Marburg, and becoming acquainted with Luther, Melancthon, and Francis Lambert. From the sentence pronounced by the Archbishop and his
in the farther prosecution of his studies, visiting Wittenberg
assistants, it is evident that before Hamilton's visit to the Continent he had been suspected of cherishing heretical opinions. At the University of Marburg, he publicly set forth certain Conclusions or Theses for disputation, on the subject of Faith and Good "Works. His Theses may have been printed at the time they have been pre:

was probably

served, in the English translation,

by John Fryth, of which there

title

are several editions, sometimes under the

of

'

Patrick's Places,'

and are
Martyrs.

also inserted in

Knox's History, and

in

Foxe's Book of

Hamilton retiu-ned to Scotland in 1527, impelled by a zeal to impart to his countrymen the knowledge of the truth which he had acquired the result of which is well known ; having been apprehended and taken prisoner to the Castle of St. Andrews, tried by
:

Archbishop Beaton, and condemned for heresy, and suffering at the stake on the last of February 1527-8.

Some

extracts

from contemporary writers, relating

to

Patrick

Hamilton,
dedication

may

here be quoted.

The
It

first

extract

is

taken from the

been ofteuer mentioned was first published in the year 1528 but the following extract is from an edition bearing the following title, " Exegeseos Fkancisci Lamberti Avenionensis, in sanctiim divi loannis Apocalypsim, Libri VII. Basileae per Nithan examined in recent times.
;

of Lambert's work, which has

No. III.

APPENDIX.

503
8vo.
It occurs

colatim Brylingeriim.

Anno m.d.xxxix."

in the

dedication to "the illustrious Prince Philip, Landgrave of Hesse."

Unfortunately it does not give the date. " Habuisti anno superiore in tua nova Academia Marpui'gensi

ex Scotia unum, qui vere suam in Dei Ecclesiam attulit gloriam, Patricius Hammilton, ex illustrissima Hammiltonum familia, qua? ex suramis Regni Scotife ac Regi, sanguine proximius junctis, est. Is cum esset annorum circiter triuin ct viginti, eruditionisque non vulgaris, et in Dei sermonibus, iudicij, et certissimi et solidissimi, ab illo mundi angulo, ncmpe Scotia, venit ad tuam Academiam, ut abundantius in Dei veritate confirmaretur, de quo veruntamen testor, me
vix alium repperisse, qui de eloquiis Dei, spiritualius, ac syncerius
loqueretur.
Sffipe

enim mecum de eisdem

contulit.

Prteterea et

is

primus

fuit,

qui post erectam a tua sublimitate Academiam, in

eadem
illi

Christianissima aliquot axiomata palam et doctissime,

consulente, asseruit.

me hoc

Ubi autem robustior in pietatis doctvina factus est, assumpto uno ex tribus quos secum hue veniens duxerat, rediit in Scotiam, et palam Christum docuit, factus Scotorum primus et idem inclytus, a'xocro'h.og. Mox pi-incipes Sacerdotum cum Satrapis suis, apud Sancti Andrea? urbem convenerunt in unum, adversus dominum, et Christum, illiusque Apostolum Patritium, et ilium quantumvis sanguine clarum, et (ut puto) Kege adhuc puero, ab eis seduclo (neque enim metu cognatorum eius quidquam alioqui ausi fuissent in eum) vocarunt in concilium suum, in Calen. Martias, huius anni. At
ille

in

Christi confessione ardens totus

tempus ipsum
et

pra'venit, et

pridie cale. Martij

illis

mane,

illis

pinguibus Samai'ite vaccis adfuit, et ab

velut a Juda^is Christus, damnatus

mox,

morti adjudicatus

est,

atque a prandio ipsiusmet diei combustus, et factus

sanctam, et vivam.
Is vere attulit in

Deo

in

hostiam

Dei Ecclesiam non solum gloflorem, maturumque fructum, ab ipso initio protulit, noua et foelix ilia Academia tua. Non es fraudatus desiderio tuo. Idcirco enim maxime illam erexisti,
riam suam, sed et vitam.

Hunc veluti suavissimum

quod cuperes ut

intrepidi Christi confessores, et constantes veritatis

assertores ex ea prodirent.

dem inclytum
.sequentur."

multis

nominibus,

Ecce jam unum habes, et eundem quialij, cum domino visum fucrit,
solitary

In a work

still

less

known, and indeed of vfhich only one

known to be preserved, we find an interesting allusion to The author, John Gau or Gaw^, will afterwards be Hamilton. The noticed among the Protestant Exiles, Appendix, No. YI.
copy
is

volume has

this title within

an ornamented border

5U4
**

APPENDIX.
^f^t ricijt ijag to
ti)e

No. III.

femgUomr of
/

f^twint is tecijtt ijeiv

ti)t

ti)t Jf

tomntanUts of <&oO
/

^nti
to

CrftU

anU ^ater
iiit

nostcr
a^at

$n

tije

quijtlfe

al rfjrissinc

man

gal finU al tijmg

to

is

itfiBfttl
tijc

aniJ

tftjuivit

ontitrstanO

sal*

nation of
straten

sanl."
*'

(Colophon,)

iJrentit in

tJje J:bi tiaj?

iHalmiu / 13c me .f fjone |^orlj= of ^ctobrr / ^nno l^l.lS.XXXiii;'

The

allusion to

Hamilton's fate occurs in "

Ane

Epistil to the

plains of " the blynd giders

Author commylk and wow of the scheip, quhilk alsua thinkkis na scheyme to cal thayme selif vicars of Christ and successours of the Apostlis," and says, " The thrid and princij^al causs (viz. of the want of religious instruction) is the sekkis N. and N. quhilk ar rissine laitlie in the Kirk and prechis dremis and fablis and the tradicions of men, and notht the Vangel, and giflf ony amangis thayme wald prech it and
nobil Lordis and Baronis of Scotland," in which the

and pastors quhilk

sekis hot the

knaw be Hammiltone quhom that pat crewellie to THE DEID EOT NOW HE LIFFIS WITH ChRIST QUHOM HE CONFESSIT BEFOR THE PrINCIS OF THIS VARDIL, BOT THE VOCE OF HIS BLWID CRYIS YEIT WITH THE BLUID OF AbEL TO THE HE WINE."
notht thair tradicions thay ar haldine for heritikis, as ye

experience of Patrik

The next extracts

are from Foxe's Martyrology ; and

it

may be

pro-

per to be more particular in describing the early editions of that well

known work,

as Knox's reference to

it,

at

one period, was held to be

a proof that the History of the Eeformation Avas not comj)osed by him. During Foxe's exile, he published at Strasburgh a small Latin work, entitled " Commentarii Perum in Ecclesia Gestarum, maxi-

marumque, per totam Europam persecutionum, a Vuicleui tempoi-ibus ad hanc vsque astate descrij)tio. Liber primus. Autore loanne Foxo
Anglo.
Argentorati, exc. Vuendelinus
Rihelius,

Anno
folio,

m.d.liiii."

Small 8vo.
the
title

Dedicated to Christopher
later, at Basil,

Duke

of Wurtemberg.
also

Five years
of " cated to
this

he published a large

under

Rerum in Ecclesia Gestarum, &c., Commentarii," dediThomas Duke of Norfolk, from Basil, 1st Sept. 1559. In
is

work, at pages 121-123,

to

a short account of Patrick Hamilton,

with a reference to Francis Lambert's work on the Apocalypse.

it

But

Foxe's great English work, in 1564, that Knox refers, and as the First Book of his History was not written until 1566, no
is

anachronism can be discovered

in

such a reference.

The

succes-

No.

III.

APPENDIX.
Queen Elizabeth
to the

505

sion of

English Throne, evidently suggested

the propriety of putting upon record a detailed history of the fearful

sufferings

and persecutions which had been endured.

title
:

The

first

edition

bears the following

-

"

ACTES AND MONUMENTS

of tijcse latter anU jjerillous tiagcs, toudjing mattfts of tijc ijurdj, toljcrfm ar comprdjcuDctJ anti OfscrtitU tije
great

pfrsecuttons

ijorriilc

trouiilcs

tijat

ijaue

hem

bjrougtjt

h^ tije jaomisljc prelates, spcctallge in ti)i6 licalme of C?nglanO antJ Scotlaiitic , from tijc })care of our ILorOe a tijousauUc bnto tije tgme noUie pre sent,
jjrarttsfU
,

anO

Gatliered and collected according to the true

Cdtorie, as

cojyies

(|-

ivrytinges certiji-

wel of

the parties themselves that suffered, as also out

thereof,

of

the

Bishops Registers, lohich loer the doeis

hj

Iohn Foxe.

Imprinted at London by Iohn Day,

dwelhjng ouer Aldersgate.

Cum
for 31 yeares,"

priuilegio liegiiB Maiestatis."

;

This edition has no date

but the " Kalender" and " Almanacke

in 1563,

commencing
is

shows that
till

it

was printed

in

that year, although not actually published

1564.
trial

The

following

literal

copy of the account of Hamilton's

:

and execution contained

"

in this rare edition

S^

Patrike Hamelton a Skot.

" Like as there was no place, neyther of Germanye, Italye, or Fraunce, wherin there was not some impes or braunches sproge out
of that mooste frutefuU rote and foundation of Luthei'.

was not

So likewise and braunches amongst whom Patricke Hamelton a skottishman borne, being a yong man of an excellent nature and towardnes, but muche more commendable and praise Avorthye, for that he was of the kynges bloud and family, being the most ancient and noble stocke and name in all Scotlande. The tender florishing age of this noble yonge man made his deathe so muche the more horrible, which of it selfe was but to muche cruell and detestable, for that skarse xxiii. yeres old, whe he was burned by Dauid Beton CardinaU of Saint Andrewes, and his fellow Byshoppes. AVliich yong manne if he had chosen to leade his life, after the manner of other Courtiers in all kinde of licentious riotousncs, he should peradventure haue found praise without pcarill or punishment
this

He

of Brittaine Avithout his frute

in that his florishinge age

but for so

much

as he

joyntd godlinesse

f)OG

APPENDIX.
and vertue with
his age, lie coulcle

No. III.

by no meanes and in al ages, the saying of S. Paule is verified. Whosoeuer dooth desire and studye to line godlye in Christe, he shall suffer persecution as a comwytli his stock,

escape the hands of the wicked.

So that

in all thinges

panion of his godlinesse.

-" For there is nothinge safe or sure in thys world, but wickednesse and synne. Who euer sawe the Cardinals or bishoppes rage wyth

their cruell inquisitions, againste aduoutrye, riot, ambition, unlawfull

gaming, dronkennesse, rapines, and wilfulnesse to doo all kinde of mischeues. Anye man that list for all them, maye exercise vsurye,
his

make tumultes, haunt w^hores, sweare and owne will and pleasure.
" But
if

forsweare,

and deceiue

at

any man were truely addict

to the desire

and study of god-

lines, confessing

Christ to be his only patrone and aduocate, exclu-

in

dynge the merites of saintes, acknowledginge fi'e iustification by faith Christ, denying purgatory (for these articles Hamelton was
is

burned) in these poyntes they nether spare age or kinred, nether

there any so great power in
or autority.
excellent a
y*"

How

gi'eat

world that may withstand their maiesty an ornament might so noble, learned and

yong man haue bene vnto that realme, being endued with so great godlines, and such a singular wit and disposition, if the Skots had not enuied their owne commodity? What and how great commendation there was of that yong man, what hope of his disposition, his singuler learning and doctrine, and what a maturitye and ripenese of iudgemente was in him, did appeare amongste the Germains whereas he might declare him self. For in the vniuersity of Marpurge, which was then newlye erect by Phillip prince of Hessia, he openlye preceding handled him selfe so, inti-eating and iudging matters of the Church, with such praise and commendation, passynge
:

al expectation for his age, that

he made not only the common people,

but also the learned to haue him in great admiration.

nober, Avhen as
other,
it

Amogst whych

many

delighted in his princely wit, amongest all

'appeared

dedicatory, of his

firste in Fraunces Lambert, who in the preface work vpon the Apocalips, maketh euident mention

by the vse and familiarity of learned men, he more and more, his minde being enflamed with godlinesse, he began to consider with him selfe, touching his returne into his countrye, thinkinge (as hys mind greatly desired) that it wold come to pas that like a godly marchaunt he would delyuer some frute and light of that learning, wliyche he had received and gotten abrode.
daily profited

of this Patricke. " At the last whe as

No. III.

APPENDIX.
a,

507
companion, he

In this his thought and purpose, taking vnto him

retui-necl

home without any

loger delay, vpon a godly and holy pur-

pose and cntent, but not with like successe.

For

this ingenious

yong

manne beinge

lightened bothe in spirite and doctrine, not susteining

or sufFring the filthinesse and blindnes of his coutry, was first accused of heresy, and afterward constantly and stoutly disputing with the
cai'dinal

and

his band, at the last he

was oppressed by the cospiracy

of his enemies, and efter sentence of condenation geuen against him,

the same daye after dinner he was caried to the fire & burned, the King being yet but a child wheras by y" most gi'ave testimony of his
;

God, fixed and confirmed in y" (Page 460.) Foxe survived till April 1587, and published four successive editions of his " Actes and Monuments." The second edition appeared in the year 1570, and the third in 1576. In the passages relating to the Scotish Martyrs, he has furnished ample details, which are not to be found in the first edition and for these he gives as his authority " Ex Scripto testimonio Scotorum." His enlarged account of Hamilblond, he
left

the verity

&

truth of

harts and mindes of manye."

ton,

from the 1576

edition,

may

therefore be quoted

although

it

contains a few repetitions.

The Story
Persecutors,
ton,

of M. Patricke Hamelton.
The Causes.

1527.

]\Iartyrs.

lames BcArchb. of S. Andrew. M. IIcw

Speus,
(leanc of

Patrike Hamelton a vScottish

man

borne,

of an high and noble stock, and of the

kynges blond, yong and of flourishing age, and excellent towardnes, of 23. yeares called Abbot of

Ferme

first

commyng

out of

diuiiiitie

his country with thre companions, to seeke

ui the vniuersitie of
S.
IVr.

Amh'cw.
lohn
Patricke
'

godly learning, went to the uniuersitie of Marpurge in Germanye, which university was then newly erected by Phillip Lant">

Wcddell, Rector of the Vniuersitie.

IlamcUon.

graue of Hesse

wdiere he vsing confer-

ence and familiaritie with learned men,

lames Symson,
Oftciall.

namely M. Franciscus Lambertus, so pi"ofited in knowledge, and mature iudgement

in matters of religion, that

he through the

Tho.

Ram-

say, Chaiio,

1^

and Deanc of the Abbey of S. Andrewes.

sayd Lambert, was the first in al the Vniuersitie of Marpurge, which publickely dyd set vp conclusions
incitation of the
[

there to be disputed

of,

concernyng fajth

508
Persecutors.

APPENDIX.
Martyrs.

No. III.

The Causes,

and workes
Allane Meldriim,

Chanon.

lohn Greson, Princi-

arguyng also no lesse learnedly then feruently vppon the same, what these propositions and conclusions were, partly in his treatise hereafter foUowyng,
:

called Patrike Places,

pal! of the

may

appeare.

Blacke
Friers.

lohn
daffe,

Dilli-

War-

wyt of this learned Patrike increasing haply more and more in knowledge, and inflamed with godlynes, at

Thus

the ingenious

den of the Gray Friers.

length began

to

reuolue with himsellTe,

Martin
Balbur,

At Sauit Andrewes
in Scotland.

Lawyer.
lohn Spens, Lawyer.

touchyng his returne into his countrey, beyng desirous to importe vnto hys countrye men, some fruite of the understandyng, which he had receaued abroad. Wherupon
persisting in his godly purpose, he toke

An. 1527.

one of the

iij.

whom

Alexander Young,baccheler of
Diuinitie,

Scotland, and so returned

he brought out of home without

any longer delay.^ Where he, not susteinyng the miserable ignoraunce and blyndnes Chanon. of that people, after he had valiauntly lohn Antaught and preached the truth, and refelled nand, Chanon. their abuses, was first accused of heresie, Frier Alex. and afterward, constantly and stoutly susChambell, teinyng the quarell of Gods Gosj^ell, against Priour of the Blacke the high priest, and Archbysho]) of S. AnFriers, &c. drew, named James Beton, was cited to appeare before him and his Colledge of Priests, the first day of March 1527. But he beyng not onely forward in knowledge, but also ardent
,

in spirite, not tarying for the houre appoynted, preuented the time,

there mightely disputyng against them,

mornyng, before he was looked for, and when he could not by the and so, the senSci'iptures be conuicted, by force he was oppressed tence of condemnation beyng giuen agaynst him, the same day after dyner, in all the hoate hast, he was had away to the fire, and there burned, the kyng beyng yet but a child, which made the Byshops more bold. And thus was this noble Hamelton, the blessed seruaunt of God, without all iust cause, made away by cruell aduersaries, yet not without great fruite to the Church of Christ, for the graue testimony of his bloud, left the verity and truth of God, more fixed and

and came very early

in the

The godly zeal of

jNL

Hamelton townrdes

his countrey."

No. III.

APPENDIX.

509

confirmed in the liartes of many, then euer could after be pluckt

away

in so

much

that diuers afterward standing in his quarel, sus-

teincd also the lyke Martyrdome, as hereafter (Christ willyng) shall

appeare, as place and tyme shall require.

In the meane season

we

thinke good to expresse here his Articles,

and order of
the registers.

his processe as

we receaued them from

Scotland, out of

^ The

Articles and opinions obiected agaynst M. Patrike Hajielton, by Iames Beton, Archbyshop of S. Andrewes.i

That man hath no free will. That there is no Purgatory. That the holy Patriarkes were in heauen, before Christes passion. That the Pope hath no power to loose and bynde neither any Pope had that power, after S. Peter. That the Pope is Antichrist, and that euery Priest hath the power that the Pope hath. That M. Patrike Hamelton was a Byshop. That it is not necessary to obteine any Bulles from any Byshop. Tliat the vow of the Popes religion^ is a vow of wickednes. That the Popes lawes be of no strength. That all Christians worthy to be called Christians, do know that
:

they be in the state of grace.

That none be saued, but they are before predestinate. Whosoeuer is in deadly sinne, is vnfaythfuU. That God is the cause of sinne, in this sence, that is, that he withdraweth hys grace from men, whereby they sinne. That it is deuilishe doctrine, to enioyne to any sinner, actuall
pcnaunce
for sinne.
all

That the sayd M. Patrike himself doubteth whether

That auricular confession
is

children

departing incontinent after their Baptisme, are saued or condemned.

not necessary to saluation.

These Aiticles aboue written, were geuen in, and layd agaynst M. Hamelton, and inserted in their registers, for the which also he was condemned, by them which hated him, to death. But other learned
men, which commoned and reasoned with hym, do testifie, that those Articles folowyng were the very Articles for the which he suffered.
>

" Articles out of the Registers."

" His Articles otherwise

more truely

(Alarginal note.)

collected." (Marginal note.)

^
510
1.

APPENDIX.

No.

II'

Man

liath
is

no

free will.

2.

3. 4.

A man onely iustified by fayth in Christ. A man, so long as he liueth, not without sinne.
is

He
is

is

not worthy to be called a Christian, which beleueth no^

that he
5.

in grace.

A good
An

man
man

doth good workes

good workes do not make ?

euil

good man.
6.

euill

bringeth forth euil workes

workes, bein.
j

faithfully repented,
7.

do not make an

euill

man.
oil
I

Fayth, hope, and chafitie be so lynked together, that one

other, in one

them can not be without an

IT

And

as touching the other Articles,

gaue their

man, in this life. whereupon the Doctoursi iugementes, as diuers do report, he was not accused of;
in priuate disputation, he affirmed

them before the Byshop. Albeit and defended the most of them.

Here foloweth the sentence pronounced agaynst hym.

Christi

nomine Inuocato

We

lames, by the mercy of God, Archin

bishop of Saint Andrew, Primate of Scotland, wyth the counsaile,

decree,

and authoritie of the most reuerend fathers

God, and

Lordes, Abbottes, Doctoures of Theologie, professors of the holy

and maisters of the Uniuersitie, assisting us for the tyme, iudgement Avithin our Metropolitane Church of S. Andrew, in the cause of hereticall prauitie, agaynst M. Patrike Hamelton, Abbot or pensionarie of Ferme, being summoned to appeare before vs, to aunswere to certeine Articles affirmed, taught, and preached by liym, and so appearyng before vs, and accused, the merites of the cause beyng ripely weyde, discussed, and understanded by faythful inquisition made in Lent last passed we haue founde the same M. Patrike, many wayes infamed Avyth heresie, disputing, holding, and maintaynyng diuers heresies of Martin Luther, and hys folowers, repugnant to our fayth, and which is already ^ condemned by generall Councels, and most famous Vniuersities. And he being vnder the same infamie, we decernyng before, hym to be summoned and accused vpon the premisses, he of euill mynde (as may be presumed) passed to other partes, forth of the Realme, suspected and noted of heresie.
Scripture,
sitting in
:

And beyng
heresie.
1

lately returned,

not beyng admitted, but of his owne

head, without licence or priuiledge, hath presumed to preach wicked

"

Condemned by

coiincelle.s

and

Uniuersitics, but lieic

is

no mention of the

Scripture."

(Marginal note.

->.

III.

APPENDIX.
also, that lie

511

Wc

haue found

hath

aifii'med, published,

and taught

';uei's

opinions of Luther, and wicked heresies, after that he was sum:^

loned to appeare before vs and our councell

'yll
:

That man

is

iu sinne so long as he lyueth

:

That man hath no fi-ee That children in:

ontinent after their baptisme, are sinners

i'orthy to

All Christians that be

:

be called Christians, do

know
faytli

that they are in grace

No

aau
^iiot

is

iustified

by workes, but by

onley

Good

Avorkes
:

make
fayth,

a good man, but a good

man

doth

make good workes That

hope, and charitie, are so knit, that he that hath the one, hath the
rest,

diners other heresies

and he that Avanteth the one of them, wanteth the rest, &c., wyth and detestable opinions and hath pei'sisted so Dbstinate in the same, that by no counsaile nor perswasion, he may be draweu thei'efrom, to the way of our right fayth. All these premisses being considered, we hauing God and the integritie of our fayth before our eyes, and foUowyng the counsaile and
:

aduise of the professours of the holy Scripture,

assistyng vs, for the

men

of law, and others

tyme

-^

do pronounce, determine, and declare, the

sayd M. Patrike Hamelton, for his affirmyng, confessing, and maintayning of the foresayd hei-esies, and his pertinacitie (they beyng con-

demned already by
fayth,

the Church, general Councels, and most famous

and to haue an euil opinion of the and therefore to be condemned and punished, like as we condemne, and define hym to be punished, by this our sentence definitiue, depriuyng and sentencyng him, to be depriued of all dignities, lionoui's, orders, offices, and benefices of the Church and therfore do iudge and pronounce him to be deliuered oner to the secular power,^ to be punished, and his goodes to be confiscate, This our sentence definitiue, was geuen and read at our Metropolitan Churche of S. Andrewes, the last day of the moneth of February, an. 1527, beyng pi'esent, the most reuerend fathers in Christ, and Lordes, Gawand Bishop of Glasgow, George Byshop of Dunkelden. lohn, Byshop of Brecham, William, Byshop of Dunblane. Patrike, Dauid, Abbot of Abirbrothok. Geoi'go, Prior of Saint Andrew. Alexander, Abbot of Caunbuskyneth. Abbot of Dunfermelyng. Henry, Abbot of Lenders. lohn, Prior of Pittynweme. The Deane, and Subdeane of Glasgow. M. Hew Spens. Thomas Eamsay. Allane Meldrum, &c. In the presence of the Clei-gy and the people.
Vniuersities) to be an hereticke,
:

'

'

Note

lierc that tliesc Articles

agree

'

" Wolues in Lanibes skinncs." " M. Patricke geuen to the secular

not wyth the Articles in the Register

belbrc mentioned."

power."

512

APPENDIX.

No. III.

After the condemnation and Martyrdome of iliis true Saint of God was dispatclied, by the Bishops and Doctours of Scotland, the rulers and Doctours of the Uniuersitie of Louane hearyng therof, receaued such ioye and consolation, at the shedyng of that innocent bloud, that for the aboundance of hart, they could not stay their penne, to vtter condigne thaukes, applaudyng and triumphyng in their letters, sent to the foi-esayd Byshop of S. Andrewes, and Doctours of Scotland, at the worthy and famous deseruynges of their atchieued enterprise, in as by the tenour of their sayd letter may appeare, that behalfe
:

which here foloweth.

% The copy

of a lettek congkatulatorie, sent from the Doctours of Louane, to the Archbtshop of S. Andrewes AND Doctours of Scotland, commendtng them for the DEATH of M. PaTRIKE H^13UELT0N.
excellent vertue (most honourable Bishop) hath so deserued,

Your

that albeit we be farre distant, both by sea and land, without coniunction of familiaritie, yet we desire w^ith all our hartes, to thanke you for your worthy deede, by whose workes, that true faith which,

not long ago, was tainted w^ith heresie, not onely remaineth vnhurt, but also is more confirmed. For as our deare frend M. Alexander

Galoway, Chanon of Aberdou, hath shewed

vs,

the presumption of

the wicked hereticke Patrike Hamelton, which is expressed in this your example, in that you haue cut him of, when there was no hope
of amendement, &c.

The which
by

thyng, as

it is

thought commendable to

vs, so

the

maner

of the procedyng was no

lesse pleasant, that the

matter was performed

so great consent of so many estates, as of the Clergy, nobility, and vul^are people, not rashely, but most prudently, the order of law haue sene the sentence which ye beynf in all poynts obserued.

We

pi'onounced, and alway do approue the same, not doubtyng but that so that whosoeuer wil the Articles which be inserted, are erroneous defend for a truth, any one of the same, with pertinacitie, should be esteemed an enemy to the fayth, and an aduersary to the holy^ Scrij)And albeit one or two of them appeare to be without errour, ture. as (for example) that will consider onely the bare wordes them to rrood workes make not a good man, but a good man worketh good workes, yet there is no doubt, but they conteine a Lutheran sense, which, in a manor, they signifie to witte, that workes done after
:
:
:

" If ye collide

shew

to wliat place of the scripture,

we would

gladly heare you."

No. III.

APPENDIX.
better, nor are
this

513
worthy of haue

fayth, and justification, make not a man the any reward before God. Beleue not, that

example

shall

place onely

among

you,

for

there shalbe

among

externe nations,

which

shall imitate the same, &c.

Certaudy, ye haue geuen vs great courage, so that

ledge your Vniuersitie,^ which

now we acknowto the

els

was founded accordyng

example
:

aboue and would God occasion were offered of testifying our rayndes toward you. In the meane tyme, let vs labour with one consent, that the rauenyng Wolues may be expelled from the shepefold of Christ, while we haue
of our Vniuersitie of Louane, to be equall to ours, or

tyme. Let vs study to preach to the people more learnedly hereafter, and more wisely. Let vs haue Inquisitours, and espyers of bookes, containyng that doctrine, especially that is brought in from farre coun treys, whether by apostatiue Monkes, or by Marchauntes, the most suspected kynde of men in these dayes. It is sayd, that since Scotland first embraced the Christian fayth, it Avas neuer defiled with any heresie. Perseuer therfore, beyng moued thereunto by the example of England, your next neighbour, which in this most troublous tyme, is not chaunged, partly by the workyng of the Byshops, among the which 2 Roffensis hath shewed hymselfe an Euangelicall Phoenix, and partly of the Kyng, declaryng hymselfe to be an other IVIathias of pretermittyng nothyng that may defend the law of his the new law The which, if your most renowned Kyng of Scotland will realme. Further, as follow, he shall purchase to himselfe eternal gloiy. touchyng the contligne commendation, due for your part (most l?euerend Byshop) in this behalfe, it shal not be the least part of your prayse, that these heresies haue bene extinct sometymes in Scotland, you beyng Primate of Scotland and principal authour therof Albeit that they also which haue assisted you, are not to be defrauded of their deserued prayse, as the Reuerend Byshop of Glasgow, of wdiose erudition, we haue here geuen vs partly to understand, and also the Reuerend Byshop of Aberden, a stoute defender of the fayth, together with the rest of the Prelates, Abbots, Priours, and proLet your reuerend fatherhode take this fessours of holy Scripture. litle testificate of our duety toward you, in good part, whom we
:

" The Vniuersitie of S. Andrewes was founded about tlie yeave of our Lord 141G, in the rcigne of kyng James
'

wytli diuers other.

cap. 17."
*

Hoct. Boct.

lib. 16.

(Marginal note.)

"

tlie

first,

who brought
and
T.

into Scotland,
8.

tor,

He meaneth Fysiher B. of Rocheswho wrote agayn.-.t Oecolampadius

lengtli was behead(Marginal note.)

out of other countreycs,

Diuinitie,
8.

Doctors of
'2

and Luther, and at

ed for treason."

Doctours of Decrees,

VOL.

514

APPENDIX.
to fare in Christ.

No. III.

wish long and happely well

1528, ApriU 21.

From Louane,
in

an,

By the Maisters and Professours of Theologie

the

Vniuersitie of Louane, yours to cojimaunde.

In

this Epistle of the

(gentle Reader) to note vnto thee,

Louaniane Doctours, I shall not neede what a pernitious thyng in a comit

mon wealth, Which may

that
is

is

blynd ignoraunce, when

falleth into cruell hartes.

well be compared to a sword put in the handes of one,

both blynd and mad. For as the blynd man, hauyng no sense and iudge knoweth not whom he striketh so the madde man, beyng cruell and furious, hath no compassion in sparyng any. ^ATierupon it happeneth many tymes with these men, as it dyd with the blynd furious Phariseis, that as they hauyng the sword of authoritie in their handes, in stede of malefactours and false Prophetes, slue the so true Prophetes of God, and at last crucified the kyng of glory these Catholicke Louanians and folowers of their Messias of Rome,
to see
: :

take in their handes the sworde of iurisdiction,

who

neither seyng
stile

what

to spare, nor

caryng

whom

they smite, vnder the

and pre-

tense of heretiques, murther and blaspheme without mercy, the true

preachers of the Gospell, and the holy annoynted of the Lord.

" But to returne to the matter agayne of

M.

Plamelton, here

is

more-

ouer to be observed, as a note worthy of memory, that in the yeai'e of the Lord 1564, in the which yeare this present history was collected in Scotland, there were certaine faythfull

men

of credite then

alyue,

who beyng

present the same tyme,

when M. Patrike Hamelton

was in the fire, heard him to cite and appeale the blacke Frier called Campbel, that accused him, to appeare before the hygh God, as genei'all iudge of all men, to aunswere to the iunocency of his death, and whether his accusation was iust or not, betwene that and a cerMoreouer by taine day of the next moneth, which he there named. the same witnes it is testified, that the sayd Frier dyed immediatly before the sayd day came, without remorse of conscience, that he had persecuted the Innocent. By the example whei'of diuers of the people the same tyme, much mused, and firmely beleued the doctrine of the foresayd M. Hamelton, to be good and iust. Hereunto I thought good to adioyne a certaine godly and profitable Treatise of the sayd M. Patrike Plamelton, written first by him in Latine, and afterward translated by John Frith into English, which he names Patrikes Places not vnprofitable in my mjnde, to be sene
;

No. IV.

APPENDIX.
all

515

and read of
also

men,

for the

pure and comfortable doctrine conteined

in the same, as not onely

by the treatise it selfe may appeare, but by the preface of the sayd John Frith, prefixed before which
;

also I thought not inconuenient to insert with the same, as here

foloweth."

The "

brief Treatise," translated

by John

Frytli,

which imme-

diately follows the above extracts from Foxe, has already been in-

cluded in the present volume

It appears

see pages 19 to 35. from some payments in the Treasurer's Accounts, in 1543, that Patrick Hamilton had left an illegitimate daughter named Isobell. Some readers perchance may think that such a fact should have remained unnoticed, as casting a blemish on his hitherto pure and immaculate character but a regard to what may be called historical justice, will not allow such a circumstance to be concealed, while the habitual licentious conduct of the highest dignitaries of the
:

Church

at that time are, in the course of the present work, so fre-

quently alluded to. " Item, the x day of Aprile deliuerit to be ane gowne to Issobell

Hammiltoun, dochter to wnquhill Patrik Abbot of Fern, four elnis Frenche blak, price of the eln xxxiiij s. Summa, yj lib. xvj s. " Item, deliuerit to be hir ane kirtill, thre elnis Frenche brown,
.
.

price of the eln

xxx s

Summa,

iiij

lib.

s.

" Item, deliuerit to hir to wait the samin, and to be hir pertlettis,

ane eln blak veluet, price thairof,

In the following month of
to Isobell

Ivj s."

May

1543, another

gown was

furnished

Hamilton.

No. IV.

ON THE ROYAL PILGRIMAGES TO THE SHRINE OF AT TAIN, IN ROSS-SHIRE.

In a note
to

ST.

DUTHACK,

page 16, I expressed some doubt as to the accuracy of

the statement that

King James

the Fifth

was sent

in pilgrimage to

the Shrine of St. Duthack, immediately previous to the trial and con-

demnation of Patrick Hamilton. Had the Treasurer's Accounts for 1528, or the Household Book between July 1526 and August 1528, been preserved, they might have enabled us to trace the King's

516
movements.

APPENDIX.
But
the statement
is

No. V,

highly improbable in

itself.

Mr.

Tytler has shown that James only escaped from the thraldom of the

Douglasses at the end of Hamilton's sentence

straint
;

May
it

1528, or nearly three months after

most unlikely from the vigilant reunder which the King was kept that he would have been allowed to traverse a great part of the country upon such an errand.
Avas

and

may also be kept in view, that if an application had been made to James, before he assumed the reins of government, it is scarcely probable his interference would have had any effect in preventing the senIt

tence of the Ecclesiastical Courts from being carried into execution.

me from inserting here, as I intended, a from the Treasurer's Accounts during the reign of James the Fourth, in connexion with his visits to that celebrated I shall therefore merely notice, that the public registers shrine. Want
of space prevents
series of extracts

furnish
to St.

some evidence

to

shew

that he

made an annual pilgrimage

Duthack's chapel, in Ross-shire.

On more

than one occasion

the

King rode unattended from

Stirling across the

mountain pass of

the Grampians, leading from Fettercairn to the north side of the

visits to

Dee, and from thence to Elgin, Inverness, and Tain. These repeated a distant shrine may have been performed as an act of pen-

ance, the chapel having been founded

by his father, James the Third. Such a journey, with a few attendants, he appears to have made in August 1513, or only one month previously to his setting out on his calamitous expedition, when he was slain at Floddon.

No. V.
FOXE'S ACCOUNT OF HENRY FORREST, AND OTHER MARTYRS IN SCOTLAND, DURING THE REIGN OF KING JAMES THE FIFTH.

The

fate of

Henry Forress

or Forrest seems to have excited

much

less attention

than might have been expected.

Li the note to page

martyrdom may be and he may thus be regarded as the second victim The strict inquisiin the cause of the Reformed faith in Scotland. tion which took place, and caused a number of persons to forsake their native country, whilst others met with a similar fate as his own
52, I suggested that the probable time of his
;

placed in 1532

No. V.
in the course of

APPENDIX.
a few years,
to

517

may have contributed to this comparawliom we are chiefly indebted fur pretive silence. serving an account of his fate, seems to have been ignorant of it in 1564 as in the following short paragi-aph, from the first edition of
Even Foxe,
;

his

work, he refers to those who suffered in Edinburgh in 1534, as

the next in succession to the

Abbot of Feme

"

II

Five burnt in Skotland.

is

" Seuen yeres after Patrik Hamelton, whose history

passed, there

before

were

v.

burnte in Skotland, in the city of Edenborow,

being the Metropolitike citye of al Skotlande, of the which fiue two

were dominicane Friers, one Priest, one Gentleman, and the fifthe was a channon whose iudges and inquisitors were these Jhon Maior, Archbi.shop of S. Androwes, Petrus Chappellanus, and the Franciscane friers, whose labor and diligence is never wanting in such
: :

matters."

(Page 525.)

At the same time I suggested that Henry Forrest was the son of Thomas Forrest of Linlithgow, Avho was in the employment of King James the Fourth. Since that sheet was printed, I find the name of " Henricus Forrus " in the list of students who were incorporated,
that

became Bachelors of Arts, at the University of Glasgow, in the year 1518. If this was the martyi-, we may presume that at the time of his martyrdom he must have been upwards of thirty yeara of age. This ho^vever may have been another pei-son of the same name, as we find " Henricus Forrest," as a Determinant in St. Leonard's College, St. Andrews, in 152G, which leaves no doubt of his having, two years later, witnessed the fate of Patrick Hamilton.
is,

The

following

is

Foxe's account from his enlarged edition of his

:

" Actes and Monuments," in 1576 "

Persecutors.

Henry Forest, Martyr.

The Causes.
AVithin few yeares after the
of

Martyrs.

lames Beton, Archbishop of S.

martyrdomc

Audrewes.
Frier Walter Laing,

Henry
Forest.

M. Patrike Hamelton, one Henry Forest, a yong man borne in Lithquow, who
a
little before, had receyued the ordei's of Bcnet and Colet (as they terme them) af-

At

bewrayer
of the confession of
this
.

Andrewes in
S.

Scotland.

firmed and sayd, that

M. Patrike Hamel-

Henry

ton died a martyr, and that his articles were

true
:

Forest.

for the

which he was apprehended,

518 and put

in prison

APPENDIX.
by James Beton, Archbishop

No. V.

of Saint Andrewes.

Who

shortly after, caused a certaine Frier

heare his confession.

fession

a good

had declared man and wrongfully to be put to death, and that his articles Avere true and not hereticall the Frier came and vttered to the Bishop the confession that he had hearde, which before was not thoroughly known. AVhereupon it followed that his confession beyng brought as sufficient probation agaynst him, he was therfore conuented before the councell of the clergy and doctors, and there concluded to bee an hereticke, equall in iniquity with M. Patricke Ham el ton, and there decreed to be geuen to the secular iudges to suffer death. " AYhen the day came of hys death, and that he should first be degraded, and was brought before the cleargy in a grene place, beyng betwene the castle of S. Andrews, and another place called Monymaill, as sone as he entred in at the dore, and saw the face of the Clergy, perceiuing wherunto they tended, he cryed with a loude voyce, saying Fie, on falshoode Fye on false friers, reuealers of confession after this day, let no man euer trust any false Friers, contemners of God's word and deceiuers of men. And so they proceding to degrade him of hys small orders of Benet and Collet, he sayd with a loud voyce, take from me not onely your owne orders, but also your owne baptisme, meaning thereby, whatsoeuer is besides that which Christ hymselfe instituted, whereof there is a great rablement in Baptisme. Then after hys degradation, they condemned hym as an heretike equal with M. Pati'ike aforesaide and so he suffred death for his faythfuU testimony of the truth of Christ, and of hys Gospell, at the Northchurch stile of the Abbey church of S. Andrew, to the entent that all the people of Anguishe [Angus] might see the fire, and so might be the more feared from falling into the like Ex Scripto doctrine, whiche they terme by the name of heresie.
:

named "Walter Laing, to To whom when Henry Forest in secret conhis conscience how he thought M. Patrike to bee

testimonio Scotorum."

Foxe next proceeds

to nam-ate the persecution of

brother of Patrick, of Katherine Hamilton, their

woman
in

at Leith.

This must have occurred in

James Hamilton, sister, and of a 1534, as Hamilton was

;

and the Rev. in 1535. See note 2, page 66 Christopher Anderson's Annals of the English Bible, vol. ii. p. 471. Foxe joins with this an account of the martyrdom of David Stratnn

England early

and Norman Gourlay,

as follow.s

No. V.

APPENDIX.

519

"James Hamelton.

OF Lyeth, persecuted. Martyrs.

Persecutors.
'

Katheuine Hajielton his sister. A wife Dauid Straton, Norman Gurlet,

The Causes.

Martyrs.

lames Hay,
bishop of

lames Hamelton, brother to M. Patrike.

Within a yere

after the

martirdom of

Rose and commis-

Katherine sioner of Hamelton. lames Beton, Arch- i A wyfe of bishop of S Lieth.

ilndrewes.

Henry Forest, or there about, was called James Hamelton of Kyntlitgow, hys sister Katherine Hamelton the spouse of the
captain of Dunbar, also an other honest

woman
Gurlay.

of Leith,

Dauid Straton of the

Dauid
Straton.

house of Lawristonne, and

M. Norman

M. lohn
S))ens,

Lawyer.
to

M. Norman
Gurlay.

These were called to the Abbey Church of Halyrowdhouse in Edenburgh by James Hay, B. of Rose, commissioner

James Beton Archbishop, in presence of K. James the V. of that name Avho upon the day of theyi- accusation was altogether clad in red apparel. James Hamelton accused as one that mainteaned the opinions of M. Patricke, hys brother.
:

the Kyng gaue counsaile to departe, and not to appeare he appeared he could not help him, because the Byshops had persuaded him, that the cause of heresie did in no wise appertayne vnto him, and so James fled and was condemned as an heretike, and
:

To Avhome

for in case

all his

goods and landes confiscat, and disposed vnto others.

heresie, to witte, that her

Catherine Hamelton hys Sister, appeared vpon the schafFold, and

beyng accused of an horrible

owne workes

could not saue her, she graunted the same, and after longe reasoning

betwene her and M. John Spens the Lawyer, she concluded in this maner Work here, worke there what kinde of workyng is al this ? I know perfectly that no kjoide of workes can saue mee, but onely the workes of Christ my Lord and Sauiour. The kyng hearing these wordes, turned hym about and laught, and called her vnto hym and caused her to recant, because she was hys aunt, and she escaped. The woman of Leith was detected hereof, that when the mydwife
: :

in

tyme of her labour, bad her say our Ladye helpe mee
to

Christe helpe me, Christ helpe me, in whose helpe I trust.

She cryed, Shee also

was caused
Maister

recant,

and

so escaped, without confiscation of her

goodes, because she was maryed.

Norman Gurlay,

as Purgatory,

for that he sayd, there was no such thyng and that the Pope was not a Byshop, but Antichrist,
in Scotland.

and

I\ad

no Jurisdiction

520

APPENDIX.

No. V.

the Passion of Christe,

that,

Also Dauid Straton, for that he sayd, there was no Purgatorie, but and the tribulations of this world, and because

fishe of

when M. Robert Lowson Vicare of Eglesgrig asked his tieth hym, he dyd cast them to him out of the boate, so that some
fell

of them

into

the Sea

therefore he accused him, as one that

shoulde haue sayd, that no tithes should be payed.

These two, be-

cause after great solicitation

made by

the kyng, they refused to abiure

and recant, were therefore condemned by thee Byshop of Rose as heretickes, and were burned vpon the grene side, betwene Leith and Edenburgh, to the entent that the inhabitaunts of Fiffe, seyng the fyre, might be stricken with terrour and feare, not to fall into the lyke.

Ex

eodem Scripto.

IT

And

thus

much touchyng

those Martyrs of Scotland, whiche

James Beton, Archbishop of S. Andi'ewes. After whom succeded Dauid Beton in the same Archbyshopprike, vnder whom diners other were also martyred, as hereafter (God willyng) in
suffered vnder
their order shall appeare."

"

IF

The Histoeie touching the Persecution in Scotlande, WITH the names and CAUSES OF SUCHE BLESSED MaRTYKS, whiche IN THE SAME COUNTREY SUFFERED FOR THE TRUTH, AFTER THE TYME OF PaTRICKE HaJMELTON.

Eight,

" Thus hauyng finished the tyme and rase of kyng Henry the it remayneth nowe according to my promise made before, here

to place

and adjoine

so

much

as hath

come

to our handes,

touchyng

the persecution of Scotland, and of the blessed Martyrs of Christ,

whiche
Christ,

in that countrey likewise

suffred for the

true religion of

and testimony of

their fayth.

To

proceede therefore in the history of these Scotlande matters,

next after the mention of Dauid Straton and M. Nicholas Gurlay, with whom w^e ended before, pag. 956, the order of tyme woulde re-

memorye of Sir John Borthwike Knight, Captayne Borthwyke. Who beyng accused of heresie (as the Papistes call it) and cited therfore, an. 1540, and not appearyng, and escaping out into other countreys, was condemned for the same, being absent, by the sentence of Dauid Beaton Archbishop of Saint Andrewes, and other prelates of Scotland, and all his goodes confiscate, and his pictui'e at last burned in the open market place, &c. But for so niuche as the storye of hym, with his articles obiected against hym, and his confutation of the same, is already expressed sufficiently in the Firste edition of Actes and Monuments, and because
quire nexte to inferre the

commonly

called

No. V.

APPENDIX.
their handes,

521

he being hapily deliuered out of

his

had no more but onely

picture

burned, referring the reader to the booke aboue menwyll

tioned,

we

now

(the

Lord

willing) prosecute suche other as fol-

lowed, begynnyng

firste in

order with

Thom.

Foi'ret

and

his felowes.

Their story

is this.

Persecutors.

Martyrs.
Tho. Ferret, priest.

Their Causes.

Fryer lohn Kelowe.

Dauid Beton,

Bishop

Fryer Benarage.

and Cardinal of Saint Andi'ewes.

Duncan
Symjjson,
priest.

burnyng of Dauid and M. Gurlay aboue mentioned, in the dayes of Dauid Beaton Bishop and Cardinall of S. Audrewes, and George Creichton Bishop of Dunkelden, a Canon of S. Colmes Inche, and vicar of Dolone,

Not long

after the

Stratton,

called

Deane Thomas
it fell

Forret,

preached

George
Oreichton,

Rob. Fosa gentleman,

ter,

euery Sonday to his parishners, the Epistle

or Gospel, as
for the

Bishop of Dunkeldeu.

tyme

whiche

with

tlu'ee

then was a great noueltie in Scotlande, to

see
fryer, or

anye man preach, except a Blacke a gray frier and therefore the Fryers enuyed hym, and accused hym to tyrs. the BLshop of Dunkelden (in whose Dioces he remayned) as an heretike and one that shewed the mysteries of
or foTire other men of Striuelyug, ]Mar:

make the Clergie The Bishop of Dunkelden moued by the Fryers instigation, called the sayde Deane Thomas, and saide to hym My joye Deane Thomas, I loue you well, and therefore I must geue you my counsayle, how you shal rule and guide your selfe. To whom Thomas sayd, I thanke your Lordship hartily. Then the Bishop began his counsaile on this maner. My joy Deane Thomas, I am enfourmed that you preache the
the scriptures to the vulgare people in Englishe, to
detestable in the sight of the people.
:

Epistle or Gospell euery

Sonday

to

your Parishners, and that you

take not the kowe, nor the vpmoste cloth from your Parishners,

whiche thyng

is

very preiudiciall to the Churche

men
too

and therefore
to preach

my

joye Deane Thomas, I would you tooke your kowe and your
cloth, as other

vpmost

church

men

do, or els

it is

much

euery Sonday, for in so doyng you

may make

the people think that

But it is enough for you, when you any good Gospel, that settcth foorth the libertie of the holy church, to preache that, and let the rest be. Thomas answeared My Lorde, I thinke that none of my parishners wyl complainc that 1 take not the kow nor the \permo!st cloth, but

we shoulde preache
finde

likewise.

any good

Epistle, or

522
wyll gladly gene
haue, and so

APPENDIX.

No. V.

me

the

same together with any other thing that they

wel,

haue, and I wyll geue and communicate with them any thyng that I

my

Lord we agree right

and there

is

no discord

among

vs.

And where your Lordship sayth, it is too muche to preache euery Sonday in deede I thinke it is too litle, and also woulde wishe that your Lordshyp dyd the like. Nay, nay, Deane Thomas (sayth my
:

Lord)

let that bee,

for

we

are not ordeyned to preache.

Then

said

Thomas, when your Lordship byddeth me preach, when I finde any good Epistle, or a good Gospell, truely my Lorde, I haue readde the Newe Testament and the Okie, and all the Epistles and the Gospels, and among them all I coulde neuer finde any euyl Epistle, or any euyl Gospel but if your Lordship wil shewe me the good Epistle and the good Gospell, and the euyll Epistle and the euyll Gospel, then I shall preache the good, and omyt the euyl. Then spake my Lord stoutly, and said, I thanke God that I neuer knewe what the Olde and Newe Testament was, (and of these wordes rose a Prouerbe which is common in Scotland Ye are like the Bishop of Dunkelden, that knewe neither newe nor olde lawe :) therefore Deane Thomas, I wyll know nothyng but my Portous and my Pontifical. Go your way, and let be al these fantasies for if you perseucr in these eiToueous opinions, ye wyl repent it when you may not
:
: :

mende it. Thomas

said, I trust

my

cause be iust in the presence of God, and

so

therefore I passe not

muche what doo folowe thereupon, and

my

Lorde and he departed at that tyme. And soone after a Summons was directed from the Cardinal! of Saint Andrewes and the said Bishop of Dunkelden vpon the said Deane Thomas Forret, vpon two blacke Fryers called fryer John Kelow, and an other called Benarage, and vpon one priest of Striueling called Duncane Sympson, and one Gentleman called Robert Foster in Striuelyng, with other three or

them of the towne of Striuelyng who at the day of their appearaunce after their summonyng, were condemned to the death without any place of recantation, because (as was alleged) they
foure, with
:

especially because

were heresiarkes or chiefe heretikes and teachers of heresies, and many of them were at the bridal and marriage of a Priest, who was vicar of Twybodye beside Striuelyng, and dyd eate flcshe in Lent at the said brydal, and so they were altogether burnt vpon the castle hyll of Edenbrough, w^here they that were first bounde to the stake, godly and marueylously dyd comfort them
that

came behynde.

No. V.

APPENDIX.

523

Here foloweth the maner of persecution vsed by the Cardinall

OF Scotland, against certaine persons in Perth,
Persecutors.

Martyrs.

Their Causes.

Robert Lambe.
William Anderson.

First there

was a certayne Acte of Par-

lamente made in the gouernment of the

Dauid Beton,

lames
Hunter.
^

Lorde Hamleton Earle of Arran, and Gouernour of Scotlande, geuyng priuilege to

all

Bishop

men

of the Realme of Scotlande, to

and Cardi- { lames Ranail of St.

reade the scriptures in their mother tongue,

ueleson.

Andrewes.

and language, secluding neuerthelesse

all

lames
Founleson.

reasonyng, conference, conuocation of people to heare the scriptures readde or ex-

Hellen
Stirke, his

wyfe.
tion,

pounded. Which liberty of pi'iuate reading being graunted by publike proclamafruit,

lacked not his

own

so that in sundry partes of Scotlande

thereby were opened the eyes of the elect of

God

to see the truth,

and abhorre the

papistical abominations.

Amongst
is

the which were

certane persons in Saint Johnston, as after

declared.
in Saint

At

this

tyme there was a Sermon made by Fryer Spense,

Johnston, alias called Perth, affirmyng prayer

so necessarye, that without
it

made

to saintes to

be

there coulde be no hope of saluation to

man.
called

"VVhiche blasphemous doctrine a Burges of the saide towne

Robex't

Lambe, could not

abide, but accused

hym

in

open
to

audience, of erroneous doctrine, and adiured

vtter the truth.

hym

in

Gods name

beyng striken with feare, promised to do, but the trouble, tumult, and sturre of the people encreased so, that the fryer could haue no audience, and yet the saide Robert
the Fryer

The which

with great daunger of his

life

escaped the handes of the multitude,

namely of the women, who contrary to nature, addressed them to extreme cruelty agaynst hym. At this tyme in the yeare of our Lord, 1543, the enemies of the truth procured John Chartuous, who fauoured the truth, and was Prouost of the saide citie and towne of Perth, to be deposed fi'om his office by the sayd Goucrnours authoritie, and a Papist called Master Alexander Marbecke to be chosen in his roum, that they might bring the more easily their wicked enterprise to an ende. After the deposing of the former Prouost, and election of the othei', in the moneth of January the yeare aforesaid, on Saint Paules day, came to Saint Johnston, the Gouernour, the Cardinall, the Earle of Argile Justice, Sir John Carapbel of Lunde kniglit, aiid Justice

524

APPENDIX.

No. V.

Depute, the Lord Borthwyke, the bishop of Dunblane, and Orkney,

with certeyne others of the Nobilitie.

And

although there were

it)

many

accused for the crime of heresie (as they terme

yet these

persons were only apprehended vpon the said Saint Paules day, Rob. Larabe, Wil. Anderson, James Hunter,

James Raueleson, James

Founleson, and Hellen Stirke his wife, and cast that night in the Spay

tower of the said

citie,

Upon

the morow,

iudgement in the

the morowe to abide iudgement. when they appeared and wer brought forth to towne, was laid in general to all their charge, the

violatyng of the act of parlament before expressed, and their conference and assemblies in heai-ing and

expoundyng of scripture against

:

the tenour of the saide acte.

Robert Lambe was accused in speciall for interruptyng of the fryer in the pulpit which he not only confessed, but also affirmed constantly, that it was the dutie of no man, which vnderstood and knew the truth, to heare the same impugned

without contradiction, and therfore sundry which there wer present in iudgement, who hyd the knowledge of the truth, should beare their

burden

in

Gods presence
for

for consenting to the same.

The
son,

said Robert also with

were accused

William Anderson, and James Rauelehanging vp the image of Saint Fraunces in a

corde, nailyng of
his taile,

Rammes homes to his head, and a Cowes rumpe to and for eating of a Goose on Alhalow euen. James Hunter being a simple man, and without learnyng, and a Fletcher by occupation, so that he coulde be charged with no greate knowledge in Doctrine, yet because he often vsed the suspect companye of the rest, he was accused.
The woman Hellen
Stirke

was accused,

for that in her

chyldbed

shee was not accustomed to cal vpon the

name

of the virgine Mary,

beyng exhorted thereto by her neighbours, but onely vpon God, for Jesus Christes sake, and because shee saide in like maner, that if shee her selfe had ben in the tyme of the virgin Mary, God might haue loked to her humilitie and base estate, as he dyd to the virgins, in making her the mother of Christe, thereby meaning, that ther was no merites in the virgin, which procured her that honor, to be made the mother of Christ, and to be preferred before other women, but Gods only free mercy exalted her to that estate. Which wordes were counted most execrable in the face of the Clergie and whole multitude. James Raueleson aforesaid building a house, set vpon the round of his fourth stayre, the three crowned Diademe of Peter carued of tree, Avhich the Cardinal tooke as done in mockage of his Cardinals hat, and this procured no fauor to the said James at their handes.

No. V.

APPENDIX.

525

These forenamed persons vpon the niorow after Saint Paules' day were condemned and iudged to death, and that by an assise, for violatyng (as was alleged) the act of parlament, in reasoning and conferring

vpon

scriptures, for

eatyng

flesh

vpon dayes forbidden,

for

inteiTuptyng the holy fryer in the pulpit, for dishonoring of Images,

and blasphemyng of the virgin Mary, as they alleged. After sentence geuen, their hands were bound, and the men cruelly
entreated.

Which thyng

the

woman

beholding desired likwise to be

sake.
in the

bound by the sergeantes with her husband for Christes There was great intercession made by the towne

meane

season for the lyfe of these persons aforenamed, to the Gouernour,

who

of him self was wyllyng so to haue done, that they might haue

bene deliuered.
they manaced to

But

the

Gouernour was

so subiect to the appetite of

the cruel priestes, that he could not do that which he would.

assist his

Yea,

enemyes, and to depose hym, except he

assisted their cruelty.

There were certaine

before in these honest

priestes in the citie,

who dyd

eate and drinke

mens

houses, to

whom

the priestes were

much

These priestes.were earnestly desired to entreate for their but they altogether refused, dehostesse, at the Cardinalles handes So cruell are these siryng rather their death then preseruation. beastes from the lowest to the highest. Then after, they were caryed by a great band of armed men (for they feared rebellion in the towne, except they had their men of warre) to the place of execution, whiche was common to al theeues, and that to make their cause appeare more odious to the
bounden.
:

people.

Robert

Lambe

at the gallowes foote

made

his exhortation to the

them to feare God, and leaue the leauen of papistical abominations, and manifestly there prophesied of the ruine and plague whiche came vppon the Cardinall thereafter. So euery one comfortyng an other, and assuring them selues to sup together in the kingdome of heauen, that nyght commended them selues to God, and dyed
people, desiryng

constantly in the Lord.

The woman
was not
gaue

suffered

desired earnestly to dye with her husband, but shee yet folowyng hym to the place of execution, shee
:

hym
:

comfort, exhortyng

Christes sake, and partyng from

hym to perseuerance and pacience for hym with a kysse, sayd on this

maner
dayes

Husband, reioyce, for we haue lyued together many ioyful but this day, in Avhich we must dye, ought to be most ioyful to vs both, because we must haue ioy for euer. Therfore I wyll not
:

526 byd you good

night, for

APPENDIX.
we
shall sodaynely nieete

No. VI.

with ioy in the

kyngdome of heauen. The woman after was taken

to

shee had a chyld sucking on her breast, yet this

a place to be drowned, and albeit moued nothyng the

vnmerciful hartes of the enemies.

So

after she

children to the neighbors of the towne for

Gods

sake,

had commended her and the suckyng

barne was geuen to the nurse, shee sealed vp the truth by her death. Ex Registris et instrwnentis a Scotia missis."

No. VI.
NOTICES OF THE PROTESTANT EXILES FROM SCOTLAND DUREVG THE REIGN OF KING JAJVIES THE FIFTH.

Dr. M'Crie,

in his Life of

Knox, Appendix,

vol.

i.,

and the Rev.

ii.,

Christopher Anderson, in his Annals of the English Bible, vol.

have collected nearly

ing the chief persons

all

the information that can be gleaned respect-

who became

Exiles on account of their religious

I shall, therefore, content myself
their names.

sentiments at this early period.

with giving

little

more than a simple enumeration of

(in Latin, Ajlesius,) as

Alexander Alesse,
to

mentioned in a note

page 55, was a native of Edinburgh, born in the year 1500, and educated at St. Andi*ews. The Rev. Christopher Anderson in his

Annals of the English Bible, has introduced a variety of interesting notices of Alexander Alesse, with extracts from some of his eai'lier According to a statement in one of his works, he fled publications. from Scotland in the year 1529, and his conversion Avas owdng to A his interviews with Patrick Hamilton when under confinement. collection of his writings, if carefully translated, and accompanied with a detailed Memoir of his life, would form a very suitable and
valuable addition to the series of the

Wodrow

publications.

He

be-

came Professor of Divinity in the University of died on the 17th of March 1565.

Leipzig, where he

John Elder,

according to his

own

information,

was a native of
at the

Caithness, and had spent twelve years as a student

Univer-

No. VI.

APPENDIX.

527

Andrews, and Glasgow. He fled to P^ngland and about two years later, he addressed a letter to Henry tlie Eiglith, with a Plan or Description of Scotland, containing a project for the Union of the two Kingdoms. The letter written in 1543 or 1544, contains a bitter invective against Beaton and " the proud papistical! bishops " in Scotland. It was printed in the Bannatyne Miscellany, vol. i., from the original MS. preserved in the British Museum. Elder was patronized by the Earl of Lennox, and became tutor to Henry Lord Darnley. In 1555, he published a " Letter sent into Scotland, &c.," on occasion of the marriage of This very cui'ious tract, which is now of great Philip and Mary. rarity, he dedicated to Robert Stuard, Bishop of Caithness. In 1501, he was in France, as Ave learn from a letter respecting him, inserted in
sides of Aberdeen, St.

probably in 1541 or 1542

Stevenson's Illustrations of Scotish History, (printed for the Maitland

Club,) p. 101
;

and which mentions that he had shewn

to

Queen
It
:

Mary

the hand-writing of Darnley,

when

eight years of age.

ends with remarking of Elder, what was probably true enough

" he

hath wit to play the aspye (spy) where he

listeth."

his studies

see page 55, where it is noticed that he prosecuted under Gawin Logye, at St. Andrews. He may no doubt be identified with the person styled Joannes Fidelis, a native of Scotland, who obtained considerable academical distinction abroad. Bishop Burnet, and other writers, state that Fyfe accompanied Alesse
:

John Ftfe

to Leipzig,

where he was professor

but, in reference to this state-

ment, a passage in the Acta Eruditorum, p. 386, Lipsite 1684, asserts, that the Registers of that University having been carefully examined,

no mention of his name could be discovered.

fort instead of Leipzig, the notice

If

we

substitute Franccorrect, as

would be substantially

Alesius had for a short time been Professor there before his removal
to Leipzig

and while there he published amongst other tracts an Academical Oration, " De Restituendis Scholis Oratio, habita in celebri
;

Academiae Francofordiana ad Oderam, An. 1540, Mense lunio." The name of John Fidelis Scotus, as Professor of Philosophy and Divinity, was inscribed in the Registers of the University of FrancHe was created Doctor, and chosen Rector in 1551 ; fort, in 1547.

and he died on the 28th of March 1562,

in the

72d year of

his age.

(Nolitia Universitatis Francofurtanse, pp. 49, 56, foUo.)

This notice

does not confirm the report mentioned by Caldei'wood, that Fyfe had

returned to Scotland, and died at

formation, in 1560.

St.

Leonard's, soon after the Re-

528

APPENDIX.

No. VI.

John
of a rare

Gaw
work

has already been mentioned at page 504, as author entitled " The Richt "Way to Hevin," which bears to
at

have been printed

Malmoe,

(in

Sweden,)

in the

year 1533.

Many

years ago, in passing through that town, the seat of a University,

if any copy of that volume was preserved but it was altogether unknown. The author appears to have attended the University of St. Andrews as we find the name of Johannes Gall, (Scotice Gaw,) among the Determinants, in the year 1510 but of his subsequent history no information has been obtained.

I had the curiosity to inquire in their Librai-y

Jajies Harryson, a native of the south of Scotland. The work mentioned under a Latin title by Dr. M'Crie, (Life of Knox, vol. i. p. 374,) as described by Bale, was written in English, and printed at the time under this title " An Exhortation to the Scottes to conform

themselves to the honorable, expedient, and godly Union betweene

the two Realmes of Englande and Scotlande.

Lond. in aedibus Ric.

Grafton, 1547," small 8vo. The preface, dedicated to Edward of Somerset, is signed " James Ilarryson Scottyshman."

Duke

Henry Henryson

see page 57, note 3.

"William Johnstone, Advocate see page 57, note 2. Dr. Patrick Anderson, in his MS. History mentions NeiU Johnstone, a brother of WiUiam Johnstone, among the persons Avho were accused of heresy,
:

1536.

Whether the Advocate continued

in his adherence

to the
find, in

Catholic faith

may

be held doubtful

as after his death,

we

the proceedings of the General Assembly, 29th

December 1563,

that

Mr. Andrew Johnstone, brother-german

to

umquhill M?'. William

Johnstone, required process for reduction of the sentence pronounced

by umquhill James [Beaton] Archbishop of St. Andrews, against him and his brother for alleged heresies. This request was referred to the Superintendent of Lothian and the Session of Edinburgh to follow the same process as had been led in previous cases. On the 27th December 1564, this matter was again brought before the Assembly, when it was declared that the articles referred to were not heretical, and the judges formerly appointed were ordained to proceed to a final (Booke of the Kirk, vol i. pp. 41, 56.) decision of the said action.

Gawev Logye, Principal of St. Leonard's College, St. Andrews, from 1523 to 1534, has been noticed at page 36 of his subsequent history no particulars have been discovered.
;

No. VI.

APPENDIX.
best

529

Dr. John Macalptne, who is Machabaeus, was born before the

vol.
i.

known by

his Latin

name
It is

close of the 15th century.

unnecessary to repeat the notices given by Dr. M'Crie, (Life of Knox,

p.

372.)

He

took his Master's degree at one of the Univer-

sities,

but I have not observed his

name

either in the Kegisters of St.

Jolm Macalpyne was Prior of the Dominican Convent at Perth, from 1532 to 1534. (Rev. James Scott's MS. Extracts, and Mr. Parker Lawson's Book of Perth, p. 33.) His flight therefore to England may be placed in 1535 rather than in 1532. Spottiswood, (Hist. p. 661,) and Burnet, (Hist, of Reform, vol. i. p. 294,) say he was liberally entertained by Nicholas Shaxton, Bishop of Salisbury; and Myles Coverdale, some time Bishop of Exeter, was
Andi-ews, or Glasgow.
his brother-in-law.

After visiting Wittenberg, he received an inviin the year 1542,

tation to settle in

Denmark,
of

in the University of Copenhagen,

and became Professor and one of the chaplains of Christian

the Second,

King

Denmark.

He

assisted in translating the Bible

which was published in the year 1550. Some of his writings are indicated in Nyerup's Dansk-Norsk Litteratur Lexicon, vol. ii. p. 367. The Earl of Rothes having been sent as ambassador to Denmark, in the spring of 1550 in the Treasurer's Accounts, among other payments connected with this embassy, we find 7s. was paid on the 9th of March that year, to " ane boy sent to Sanctandrois to my Lord of Rothes thair, with writingis of my Lord Gouernouris, to be given at his arriving in Denmark to Maister Johie Makcalpjne and Alexander Lyell there." Dr. Machabaeus, or Macalpyne, died at Copenhagen, 5th December 1557.
into that language,
;

Galloway,
fled to

John Mackbrair is mentioned by Spottiswood as " a gentleman of who foi'saking the country for religion, became a preacher
Church
;

in the English

in the time of

Queen Marie's persecution he

Francford, and served the English Congregation as Minister.

Afterwards called by some occasion to the charge of a church in the

Lower Germany, he continued

p. 97.)

there the rest of his days."

(History,

It is

very certain, however, that Mackbriar was in Priest's

He was incorporated in St. Andrews, in 1530, and became a Determinant in 1531. On the 16th July 1550, John Lokart of Bar, and two others were denounced rebels, &c., for assistance rendered, in May last, to Mr., aUas Sir John M'Brair, formerly Canon of Glenluce, in breaking ward of the Lord Governor's Castle of Ilammiltoune, where he was imprisoned, being charged for sundry great and odious
orders before retiring to the Continent.
Salvator's College, St.

VOL.

I.

2 L

530

APPENDIX.
him
to the

No. VI.

crimes, Heresies, &c., and conducting

(Pitcairn's Criminal Trials, vol.
i.

House of Bar.

p.

352*.)

This addition to his

name

signifies an vncertainty whether he had taken his degree as Master or only that of Bachelor of Arts. Archbishop Hamili-on, in a letter, without date, but probably in 1551, refers to his having expelled from the house of Ochiltree the apostate Macbraire, and

inflicted

heavy

fines

on his followers.
list

bray

is

'ncluded in the

of the principal persons

The name of John Makewho escaped from

England to the Continent, in 1553, after the accession of Queen Mary, In 1554, he appears from the "Discourse of the Troubles begun at Frankfort," to have taken an active share in the proceedings of the He afterwards became Pastor of a English Congregation there. Congregation in Lower Germany, and according to Bale, he wrote an account of the formation and progress of that Chm-ch. On the accession of Queen Elizabeth, Mackbrair returned to England and and on the 13th of November 1568, he was officiated as a preacher
;

inducted to the vicarage of

for

St.

Nicholas, in Newcastle.

He

survived

and was buried on the 16th of November 1584. (See M'Crie's Life of Knox, vol. i. p. 374, and the authorities there

many

years,

quoted.)

James IMackdowell

see page 55, note 4.

Robert Richardson

studied in St. Leonard's College, St.

An-

di'ews, where he became, in 1520, a Canon Regular and Sacrist of the Holy Cioss; and in 1530, a Canon of the Abbey of Cambuskenneth. In that year he published at Paris a Latin work, an Exegesis on the Rule of St. Augustine. There is no reason to doubt that he was the same person as the Sir Robert Richardson, a priest, mentioned in 1543 by Sadler, (Letters, vol. i. p. 217.) Sadler, in a letter to Henry VIIL, dated 16 November 1543, again commends Richardson who had been forced to flee from Scotland for fear of persecution, having " done very honestly and diligently in his calling," " in the setting (State Papers, vol. i. furth and true preaching of the word of God." But this Priest mast be distinguished from his namesake, p. 344.) and the Prior of St. Mary's Isle, who has been noticed at page 372 Andrews, in Arts 1533. Master of at St. as degi-ee his took who

James Wedderburn, the

eldest son of

James Wedderburn, a mer-

chant in Dundee, was one of a family distinguished by their poetical He was educated at St. Andrews, being incorporated in that genius.

No. VII.

APPENDIX.
Jn Caldenvood
s

531
i.

University in 1514.

History, vol.

p. 141, will

be

found an interesting account of his life, and notices of his of which unfortunately there are none preserved.

\Ai'itings,

John Weddekbufn, a younger brother, was also educated at St. Andrews, being a Determinant, in 152G, and a Licentiate in 1528. He was appointed Vicar of Dundee. At a later period, having been accu'^ed of heresy, the escheat of the goods belonging to Mi\ John ^Yedderburu, " convict, de certis cviminibus heresieos," was
gi'anted to
in
liis brother Heniy Wedderburu, for a composition of 40s. 1538 or lo39, (M'Cie's L^fe of Knox, vol. i. p. 358.) In March 1538-9, a pursu'vant was diiected to pass to Dundee and search James RoHohtis gudes, and Maister John TTedderbuin, (ib. p. 359.) John Weddeiburn is said to have gone to Geimany, where lie became acquainted with Luuier and Melancthon. V. bile ref^iding abroad he translated some of their wo. ks or " dytements" into Scotish verse; and the metiicol version of various Psalms, included in the volume of " G ude and Godly Ballates :"' see page 139. It is also stated, that after the death of James the i^'iith, he returned to Scotland, but was again compelled to expatriate himself; and that he died in England, in

1556. (Calderwood's

P'st. vol.

i.

p. 14.)

No. Vll.

ALEXA^DFR SEYTON.
In mentioning Alexander Seyton, Caiderwood says, " He was of a tall stalure;" and adds, "I find in Mr. John Davldeon's scrolles, that he was bi'other to Ninian Seton Laird of Tough." (Hist. vol. i. p. 93.) In this case he must have been the youngest son of Sir Alexander Seyton of Touch and T-^lybody in Stirlingshire and the pedigiee of that family may in part be thus
quicke ingyne, and

exhibited

I.

Sir

Alexander Seyton of Touch and T-llybody in Stirlingshire. Married Lady Elizabelh Erskine, daughter of Thomas second
Earl of Mar.

532
II.

APPENDIX.
Sir Alexander, his son

No. VII.

and successor, had a charter of the barony of Tulchfrasere on the forfeiture of Murdoch Earl of Fyfe, in 1510. He was killed at Floddon in 1513. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Alexander Lord Home.
his son

in. Sir Ninian Seyton,

1516,
obtained

.1
I

and successor, on the 26th of August

a divorce from his wife Matilda Grahame.

:

(Liber Officialis S. Andrea?, p. 8.)

He was alive in 1 534 David Seyton was probably another son, as well as Alexander. They

prosecuted their studies at the same time at St. Andrews.

IV. Walter Seyton, son and heir of Sir Ninian Seyton of Tullibody, had a charter of the barony of Touchfraser and Tullibody, 14th January 1535-6
;

and another, 4th

May

1546.

Among Wodrow's
lections

Biographical Collections at Glasgow, are " Col-

upon the Life of Alexander Seaton, Dominican Frier, Confessor to King James the Fifth, and afterwards Chaplain to the Duke of Suffolk in England;" which are printed in the Appendix to "The History of the House of Seytoun," pp. 113-118, Glasgow 1829, 4to. But Wodrow's account consists of little else than mere extracts from Knox, Foxe, and Calderwood. Alexander Seyton, as already stated, was educated at St. Andrews. A person of the same name became a Licentiate in 1501; but the Confessor may more probably be identified with Alexander Seyton, who, with David Seyton, appear among the Determinants in 1516, and the Intrants in 1518, as potentes, who paid the highest fees. At page 48 I have suggested that the year of Seyton's flight to England, when he addressed his Letter to King James the Fifth, may have been 1535 or 1536. According to Knox, Seyton remained in England, and taught the Gospel in all sincerity which drew upon him the power of Gardyner Bishop of Winchester, and led to his making a recantation or final declaration at Paul's Cross, in opposition to his former true doctrine. This was published at the time in "a small tract, of which a copy is preserved in the Archiepiscopal Library at Lambeth. It is entitled, " The Declaracion made at Paules Crosse in the Cytye of London, the fourth Sonday of Advent, by Alexander Seyton, and Mayster Willyam Tolwyn, persone of S. Anthonyes in the sayd Cytye of London, the year of our Lord God m.d.xli., newly corrected and amended." (The colophon,) " Imprinted at London in Saynt Sepulchre's parysshe,
;

No. VIII.

APPENDIX.

533

the Okie Bayly, by Rychard Lant. Ad imprimendum solum." 12mo. eight leaves. An account is given by Foxe of Seyton's examination, or " Certaine jjlaces or articles gathered out of\Sey ton's sermons by his adversaries;" which, he says, he " exhibits to the reader, to the intent that men may see, not only what true doctrine Seyton tlien preached consonant to the Scriptures, but also what wrangling cauillers can do, in depraiuing that is right, or in wrastyng that is Avell ment, &c."
in
p.

1177,

edit.

1576.

Bale informs us that Seyton died in the year 1542, in the house of Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, to whose household he ofiiciated
as Chaplain.

(Script. Bryt. Cent. xiv. p. 224.)

No. VIII.

SIR

JOHN BORTHWICK.

Sir John Borthwick was a younger son of William third Lord

Borthwick, who was slain at Floddon in 1513. Sir Ralph Sadler mentions " Captain Borthwick, Lieutenant of the French King's
guard," as one of the persons
Fifth,
to

Court

in

who were appointed by James the accompany the English Ambassador when presented at February 1539-40. (State Papers, vol. i. p. 19.)

1539-40, or immediately after the baptism of Prince James, and after James the Fifth had purposed setting out on his voyage round the Western Isles, Borthwick had been cited to appear before Cardinal Beaton and other prelates at St. Andi'ews, on
the 28th of

On

May

a charge of heresy.

King

In the Cardinal's absence, who accompained the Gawin Archbishop of Glasgow, and Lord Chancellor of Scotland, presided but Borthwick having escaped to England, he was condemned, and excommunicated, and his effigy
in this expedition,
;

burnt at the market-cross of

Soon

after this
to

St. Andrews. Borthwick wrote a defence of himself,

in the
It

form

of answers

the several articles of his accusation.

has been

preserved by Foxe, in his Latin Commentaries printed at Basil, in

1559,
folio,

pp.

16G-179, with the

is

title

of "Actio, Processus, scu

Articuli contra D. Joan. Borthuicum, Etjuitem

Auratum

in

Scotia,

&.C."

[1540,] to which

prefixed an address " D. Borthuichus ad

534
Lectorem."

ArPENDIX.
In
tlie

No. IX.

first

edition of I'^oxe's

English
edit.

*'

Actes and

Monuments,"
607-621,
it

1564:, pp.

574-586, pnd in 8vo.

occi"'s i^ider Ibis title, "

Ihe

1838, vol. v. pp. Act or Processe, or certain

'-i

Articles agaynst Syr Jiion Boi Lhu'ke k^^glit,

Scotland

with the
to the

answer and conful ion of Lhe Reader here folio weth, &c.*
says, "

L-.id

Bovthoicke
Fo:e,

whose Preface

But

when

republishing his work,

For as muclie as the storye of h} m, with his Articles objected hym, and his copfutation of the same is already expressed sufficiently in the Firste editioa of Actes and Monuments, and because he being happily de^'uered out of theii- handes had no more
against

but onely his

mentioned,

pictui-e

binned, i-eleiring the reader to the booke above

we

wyll noAV, (the Lord w''1ing,) prosecute such other as

followed, &c."

(3d edition, 1576, p. 1230.) After the Ileformatiou, Eoiihwick brought an action of Declarator

John Wynram, Superintendent of Fife, (who, as Sub-prior of Andrews, had sat, in 1540, as one of h's judges,) 20tli of August 1561, and on the 5tu of September follovsing, the Articles and SenThe Process of Declarator, embodying the oritence were reversed. ginal Sentence and -A "tides extracted from the Register of Cardinal
befoie
St.

Beaton,

is

printed in the Bannatviie Miscellany, vol.

;

i.

pp. 251-263.

See also Calderwood's Hi=*t. vol. i. pp. 114-123 Keith's H'st. vol. i. "llii.^ worthie p. 20; Lyon's St. Auh-ewfi, \o\ i. pp. 288-290. knight, (says Calderwcod,; ended his aige with fu^uesse of dales at This look place before 1570, when Wil'iam BorthSt. Andrewes."

wick

is

mentioned as son and heir of the

late Sir

John Borthwick

of Cinery.

No. IX.
GEORGI] WISHART THE MARTYR.

Calderwood
row Miscellany,

states, that

" M/. George Wi-^hart was a gentleman of

(Hist. vol.
i.

the house of Pittarrov^."in

p.

185.)

And
said,

in the

Wodborn

an introductory

notice, I

have

"

He was

in the early part of the 16th century,

and

is

believed to have been a

younger son of James Wishart of Pittaro,

Clerk, in

who was
till

admitted Justice

December 1513,
i.

r.nd

continued

between 1520 and

1524."

(vol.

p. 5.)

Further inquiries have

failed in ascertaining

No. IX.

APPENDIX.
;

535

this po'nt and it must have been through some collateral branch if any such relationship existed. A note of various early charters relating to the Wisharts of Pittaro, was most obligingly communicated by Patrick Chalmers of Auldbar, Esq. and several others are contained in the Register of the Great Seal but the want of space, and then- not serving to throw any light upon the Martyr's parentage, causes me to omit such notices. There is a fine old portrait, not unworthy of Holbein, said to be of George Wishart, in the possession of Archibald Wishart, Esq., W.S., Edinbuigh, which bears the date, M.D.XLTTT. ^tat. 30. If this portrait can be identified, the date would fix his birth to the year 1513. But his early history and education The facts discovered relating to his history may ai'e qi^ite unknown.
; ;

briefly

be stated.

1538. "Wishart had been employed as master of a school in

trose
;

Mon-

but being

summoned by John Hepburn, Bishop

of Brechin,

on a charge of heresy, for teaching his scholars the Greek New Testament, he fled to England. See Petrie's H'story of the Catholick Church, part 2, p. 182. Hague 1362, fo^^'o.
1539.

He was

at Bristol, preaching against the worship

and medi-

ation of the Virgin

Mary

but he was led to

make a public

recantation,

and burnt

his faggot in the

It

token of his abjuration.

liating act that he

Church of St. Nicholas was probably immediately

in

in that city, in

after this

hunn-

went abroad. 1542. He appears to have remained till after the death of James the Fifth.

Germany and
mentions

Switzerland

He

in h^s

Examin-

ation, (see supra,

page 159,) a conversation he had with a Jew, while sailing on the Rhine. About the same time he translated " The Con-

fession of Faith of the

Churches of Switzerland," which was printed

in the
i.

a year or two after his death, and which has been reprinted

Wodrow
1543.

Miscellany, vol.

pp. 1-23.

This year he was residing as a

his pupil

member

of Corpus Christi

College, Cambridge, according to the interesting accovnt of his habits

and acquirements by
Foxc's JMartyrology.
1544. or
ir the

Emery Tylney, which

is

preserved in

following year, he returned to Scotland; and he

;

continued to preach in different parts of the country

Lothian.

at Montrose,
in East-

Dundee, and in Ayrshire, and subseiaently at Leith, and

1546.

On

the 16th of January he was apprehended at Onniston,

first

carried prisoner

to Edinbi'vgh,

and then

to

St.

Andrews.

His

o'66

APPENDIX.

No. IX.

trial

March (see supra, page was assassinated.

:

was on the 28th of February, and his execution on the 1st of Three months later Cardinal Beaton 144.)

In a work like the present, it is desirable to avoid all controversial remarks but I hope to be excused in offering a few words in regard to what has been considered a serious charge against George Wishart.
;

The
Knox,

precise date of Wishart's return to Scotland

(supra, page 125,) places
it

is

very doubtful.

it

in 1544, to

but joins this with an expla-

nation which might carry

back

July 1543, and with the defeat

of the Governor, which belongs to a later period, Mr. Tytler, (Hist. vol. V. p. 343,) says, " From the time of his arrival in the summer of
Scotland, protected

1543, for more than two years Wishart appears to have remained in by the barons who were then in the interest of

Henry, and who favoured the doctrines of the Reformation." Yet and later authorities, he was employed as a messenger in May 1544, conveying letters from Crichton of Brunstone to the Earl of Hertford at Newcastle, and from thence, with other letters, to Henry the Eighth, in relation to a projected scheme devised by the Laird of Brunstone for the assassination of Cardinal Beaton ; and after having had an interview with the King at Greenwich, returning first to Newcastle, and then to Scotland. This employment which has been held up as a notable discovery proceeds upon the fact of " a Scotishman, called Wyshart," being mentioned as the bearer of the letters referred to ; and the Laird of Brunstone having been Wishart's " great friend and protector," in 154G, hence it is concluded that the person employed Avas George Wishai't the Martyr. Among the Wisharts of that time the name of George was not peculiar to him. George Wischart was one of the bailies of Dundee, 3d May 1560, and for several years previously and in the Protocol book of Thomas L-eland, notary public in Dundee, belonging to that borough, I observed the copy of a deed, in which " Georgiits Wischart, frater-germanus Joannis Wischart de Pettarrow," was one of the procuratoi'S in a matter concerning " Georgius Wischart, armiger Crucis regis GaUiee," 14th June 1565. Now, in reply to the above argument, I beg to remark, that there is no certain evidence of George Wishart having returned to Scotland earlier than 1544 or 1545 that if the name of George Wishart had been specified in the letters, there were other persons of that name who might equally have been employed in such services and that if it had been ascertained beyond all doubt that he possessed a full knownevertheless, according to Mr. Tytler,

No. X.

APPENDIX.

537

ledge of the plots against Beaton devised

even then, according

confirmed by the

to the

terms of the Earl of Hertford's

by Crichton of Brunstone, letter, and

Cardinal, while passing

letter in reply

from the English Council, the attempt

the

was

to

be confined to the arrestment of

through Fife

the proposal of

sleeing him,

having been suggested only

as an alternative, in case of necessity.

But
to a

to say nothing of the uncongenial nature of the

employment,

man

such as described by his devoted pupil

Emery Tylney, who

had been under

it

his tuition at Cambi'idge, for twelve months, in 1543,

may
1.

further be urged,

That Wishart had no occasion to entertain a personal animosity and that being denounced, or put to the horn, and liable to summary arrestment and execution, he could not have undertaken the task at such a time, of carrying letters and messages
to the Cardinal
;

between the conspirators,

Beaton being well known, even to the Wishart had in any way been concerned in them, it would unquestionably have formed a leading accusation against him in his trial, but no allusion to such a charge was ever
2.

That the

plots against
if

Cardinal himself,

whispered.

And lastly, That the actual enterprise, by which the Castle of St. Andrews was taken, and the Cardinal murdered, on the 29th of IVIay, was in a great measure a scheme hastily arranged and executed, mainly in revenge of the Martyr's own fate, and altogether unconnected AND UNINFLUENCED by any former plots devised by Crichton
of Brunstone, but which have been employed to implicate the irre-

proachable character of

George Wishart.

No. X.

JOHN ROUGH.

brief notice of

this

very zealous preacher

is

given at page 187.

I regret that only a portion can be added in this place of the interesting account of his examination

and death in December 1558, as preserved in Foxe's " Actes and Monuments." Calderwood's account of Rough's martyrdom, (Hist. vol. i. p. 251,) is abridged from the

same

authority.

538
"
IT

APPENDIX.

No. X.

>.ND

The Death and Maritpdome of John Rowgh, Minisier, Margaret Hearing, burisj^d at Loisidon the xxii. of
were also burned these twoo conJohn Rough a Ministei', and
sel^^e

December.
In
this furious time of persecution,

staunt and faithful! Martyrs of Christe,

Margarette Mearyng.

This Rough was borne in Scotland, who (as him

in his

corfesseth

Boners Articles) because some of his kinsfolke woulde haue kept him from his right of inheritaunce which he had despite (and the to certaine landes, did at the age of Xtfij. yeares,
aunsweres
to

rather to displease his frendes) professe

hym
:

selfe into the

order of

where he remained the space of XV I. yeares, vntill suche tyme as the Lorde Hamulton, Earle of Arren^ aad Gouernour of the Realme of Scotlande aforesaid (castyng a fauouv vnto hym) did sue vnto the Archbishop of S. Andrewes, to haue him out of his professed order, that as a secular Pi'iest he might serue hym for his Chaplaine. At whiche request the Archbishop caused the Prouinciall of that house, hauyng thereto authorilie, to dispence with hjm for his habite and ordei\ This sute beeyng thus by the Earle obtained, the said Rough remained in his seruice one whole yeare during which time it pleased God to open his eyes, and to geue hym some knowledge of his truthe, and thereupon was by the said Gouernoi"* sent to preache in the freedome of Ayre, where he continued foui' yeares, and then after the death of the Cardinal! of Scotland, hee was appointed to abide at S. Andrewes, & there had assigned vnto hym a yearely pension of xx. pound from kyng Henry the eight, kyng of England. Howbeit, at last waiyng with h^ra selfe h^ owne dauuger, and also abhorryng the Idolatrie and superstition of nis countrey, and hearyng of the freedome of the Gospell within this Realme of England, hee determined with hym selfe not to tary any longer there: A id therefore scone after the battaile of Musclebourough, he came first \ ^ito Carliell, and fi'om thence vnto the Doke of Somerset, then Lord Protectour of England, and by his assignement had appointed vnto him out of the kinges treasury xx. pouudes of yearely stipend, and was sent (as a preacher) From whence (after to serue at Carliell, Barwicke, and NewcasteU. he had there, according to the lawes of God, and also of this Realme, taken a cornti'ey woman of his to wife) he was called by the Archbishop of Yoike that then was, vnto a benefice nigh in the towne of Hull where hee continued vntill the death of that blessed and good
the blacke Friers at Sterlyng in Scotland
: :

king,

Edward VI.

No. X.

APPENDIX.
in the

539

But
arise,

beginnyng of the reigne of Queene Mary (perceauyng

fled

the alteration of Religion, and the persecution that would thereupon

and feelyng hys owne weakenes) he

with his wife into

Friseland, and dwelt there at a place called ]\Iorden, labouryng truely

for his liuj'jng, in knittyng of
till

At

Cappes, hose, and suche like thinges, about the ende of the moneth of October last before his death. whiche t^me, lackyng yearne and other such necessai/ prouision

he came oner againe into England, here to prouide for the same, and the x. day of Nouember Where hearyng of the secrete societie, and holy arriued at London.
for the mainteinaunce of bis occupation,

congregation of Gods children there assembled, he ioyned himselfe

vnto them, and afterwardes beyng elected their Minister and Preacher,
did continue moste vertuously exercised in that

Godly

fellowship,

teaching and confirmyng them in the truth and Gospell of Christe.

But

ende (such was the prouidence of God, who d^sposeth all xij. daye of December, he with Cutbert Simson and others, through the crafty and traitorous suggestion of a false hipocrite and dissembling brother called Roger Sargeaunt, a taylor, were apprehended by the Vicechamberlaine of the Queenes house, at
in the

thinges to the best, the

the Saracens heade in Islington where the Congregation had then purposed to assemble themselues to their godly and accustomable exercises of prayer, and hearyng the word of God which pretence, for the safegard of all the rest, they yet at the"' examinations, couered
: :

and excused by hearing of a play that was then appointed to be at that place. The Vice Chambeilaine after he had apprehended them, caried Rough and Simson vnto the Counsell, who charged them to haue assembled together to celebrate the communion or supper of the Lord, and therefore after sundry examinations and aunsweres, they
sent the saide

Rough ^ nto Newgate but his examinations they sent vnto the Bishop of London, with a Letter signed with their handes,
:

the copy whereof followeth.

A LETliiR SEKT FROM THE QuEENliS COUNCELL VNTO BONER Bishop of London, toucHx.^g ii e txaminahon of Iohn Rough M^msier.

After our hartye commendations to your good Lordship, we sende you here inclosed the e: am" nation of a Scotish mr.n, named Iohn Rough, who by the Queenes Maiesties commaiindement is presently sent to Newgate, beeyng of the chief of them that vpon Sondaie laste, vnder the colour of commyng to see a Play at the Saracen's head in Islington, had prepared a Communion lo be celebrated and received

540
there

APPENDIX.

No. X.

among certaine other seditious and hereticall persons. And forasmuche as by the sayd Roughes examination, contayning the storie and progresse of his former life, it well appeareth of what sort he is the Queenes highnes hath willed vs to remit him vnto your
:

Lordship, to the end that beyng called before you out of prison, as oft as your Lordship shall thinke good, ye male proceede, both to his
further examination,

and otherwise orderyng of him, accordyng

to

the lawes, as the case shall require.

And

thus

we

bid your Lordship hartely wel to fare.

From

S.

James

the XV. of December, 1557.

Your Lordships louyng

frendes.

Nicholas Ebor.
F. Shkeavsbeky.

Edavard Hastinges. Antony Mountague. loHN Bourne.

Henry Iernegam.
Boner now minding
to

make quicke

dispatch, did within three dayes

day of December) send for thys his in palace at London ministered vnto and Rough out of Newgate, him xij. Articles: Many whereof because they containe onely questions of the profession and rehgion of that age, wherein both he and his parentes were christened (which in sundry places are already menafter the receite of the letter (the xviij.

tioned) I do here for breuitie omit

minding

to

touch such onely, as

pertayne to matters of faith

these."

now

in controuersie,

and then chiefely

obiected agaynst the Martyrs and Saintes of God, which in effect are

For these Articles against John Rough, and his Answers, and also a Letter written by him in prison, with a further notice of his appearance before Bishop Bonner, the reader must be referred to Foxe's own His fellow-sufferer Margaret Mearyng, was one of his flock work. condemned and degraded, both of them were " led vnto being after
:

Smithtield the xxij. daye of

December 1558, and

there most joyfully

gave up their

lives for the profession of Christes Gospell."

No. XI.

APPENDIX.

541

No.

XL
LESLEY.

NORMAN
Norman Lesley,
17G,)
is

the eldest son of George Earl of Rothes, (see page

in

first

named

the Parliamentary proceedings against the

;

and a dagger, the sheath of silver murderers of Cardinal Beaton richly chased, and the handle of ivory, preserved at Leslie House,

made use of by him on that occasion. Although he may be considered as the leader in that enterprise, there is no evidence to shew that he was actually one of the perpetrators. The cause of his hostility is said to have thus originated. The lands of Easter Wemyss in Fife, became annexed to the Crown by the forand feiture of Sir James Colville, (then deceased,) 18th March 1541 After the King's Avere given by James the Fifth to the Rothes family. death, the forfeiture was reduced in Parliament on the 12 th December 1543, under the direction of Cardinal Beaton which so offended the Master of Rothes, that it is said to have been the proximate cause of
according to tradition, was
; ;

the Cardinal's murder.

(Senators of the College of

Justice, p. 25.)

After Lesley's forfeiture and imprisonment in France, he visited

various countries, and also returned to Scotland.

On

the 10th of

May

1553, the Lairds of Phillorth, Fyvie, Meldrum, and others, were summoned " to underly the law for the resset of Normond Leslie."
(Treasurer's Accounts.)
:

His subsequent history

is

thus related by

Spottiswood " After his release fi'om captivity he returned into Scotland, but
fearing the

Governour he went

into

Denmark, where not finding that

;

kind reception he expected, he betook himself to England, and had

an honourable pension allowed him

during the reign of

which

Avas thankfully

answered

Queen Mary succeeding, he found not the like favour, and thereupon went to France, where he had a company of men of Armes given him, with which he served the French King in his Avarres against the Emperour Charles the Fifth, and in pursuing the enemy whom he had in chase, Avas Avounded with the shot of a pistoll, Avhereof he died the day after, at Montreul. He was a man of noble qualities, and full of coui'age, but fall-

Edward

the Sixt.

ing unfortunately in the slaughter of the Cardinal, Avhich he

his

is

said at

dying

to

have sore repented, he

lost

himself and the expectation

(History, p. 90.)

AA'hich

was generally held of

his worth."

542
It appears that

APPENDIX.
Norman

No. XI.

of the

King of France, had obtained absolution from

for his share in the Cardinal's
is

Lesley at the time he entered the service the Court of

Rome
quoted

murder.

particular account

of his death
:

preserved by Sir James Melville, and

may

here be

" Bot the King drew langis the frontiers toward a gret strenth callit Renty, wher he planted his camp and beseigit the said strenth, quhiJk I haid the Constable promyse to delyuer vnto the K. before the end

of aucht dayes.

Quhilk promyse was not keped, for themperour cam

.
. .

At quhilk armye for the releif therof. tym Normond Lesly malster of Rothes wan gret reputation. For with a thretty Scotis men he raid up the bray vpon a fa^re grey gelding
in persona with his
;

he had aboue his

braid

corsellet of blak veluet, his cot of

armour with tua

ane before and thother behind, with sleues of knappisk bonet vpon his head, wherby he was kend and scan a far aff be the Constable, Due of Augien and Prince of Conde. "VVlier with his thretty he chargit vpon threscore of ther borsmen with caluerins, not folowed with seuen of his nomber wha

whyt

crcises, the
I'ed

mailze,

and a

in our sicht straik

brak

v of them fra ther horse with his speii', before it then he drew his swerd and ran in amang them, not caring

ther contniuell schu'.tiug, to the admiration of the behalders.

He

slew

dyuers of them

at lenth

when he saw a company

of speirmen com-

ming doun

against Irm, he gaif his horse the spurris,

wha

carried
:

him

and fell doun dead, for he had many schotis and worthy Normond was also schot in dyuers partis, wherof he d^ed sv dayes efter. He was first caried to the Kingis awin tent, wher the Due of Augyen and Prince of Conde told his Maiestie that Hector of Troy was not mair vailzeand them the said Normond whom the K. wald se dressit with his awen serurgiens, and maid gret mean for him Bot na man sa did the Constable and all the rest of the Princes. maid mair dule nor the Lard of Grange, wha cam to the camp the nyjit day efter, fra a quyet raid wher he had been directed." (Memoirs, p. 25, Bannatyne Club edition, Edinb. 1827, 4to.)
to the Constable
:

Norman Lesley, Master of Rothes, married Tssobel Lindesay, daughter of

John

fifth

Lord Lhidesay of the

title,

as stated in note 4, page 230, the

and, Byi'es, but left no issue on his father's death, in 1558,

;

devolved on Andrew, the son of a second marriage.

No. XII.

APPENDIX.

543

No. XII.

ADAM WALLACE.
John HaMjLTOn, Abbot of Paisley and Bishop-Elect of Dunkeld, was nominated by liis brother the Governor to the See of SL Andrews, as Beaton's successor, in 15J6; and after a considerable period, his appointment was confiimed at the Court of Rome. On the 19th March 151G-7, in the name of the Bishops and K^-kmen, he presented a Supplication to the Governor and Council, for " help and remeid against the Sacramentaris and those infected with the pestilential hersie of Luther;" whUe others, it is added, " abjurit and relapsit, baneist of auld, now comes pertlie [openly] without any dreidour, nocht allenarly in the far parts of the Realme, but als to the Court and pi'esens of your Lordships, and sometimes preaches (Keith's opinMe, and instructs utheris in the said dampnable heresies." During his negociations with the Court of History, vol. i. p. 147.) Rome, Hamilton transmitted an Information, urging his claims as Primate and Legatus Natus. He refers in it to the increasing number

of heretics in the diocese of Glasgow, both in the time of the late

bishop,

A ^'ch-

(Gawin Dunbar, who died in 1547,) and during the vacancy in that See, and assumes credit to himself for having visited that diocese and pui'ged it of many obnoxious heretics and in particular,
;

having expelled that apostate Macbraire, from the house of Ochiltree, and inflicted heavy fines on his adherents, and for having caused
for

(Vallasius) Wallace, a native of that diocese, after he

had been con-

victed and

condemned

for heresy, before a convention of the nobility

and

clergy, to be delivered over to the secular power, to the flames.

(^Mackeson's

MS. as quoted in M'Crie's Life of Knox, vol. ii. p. 292.) In addition to note 3 at page 237, it may be mentioned, that Wallace had been employed in the family of Cockburn of Ormiston, in teaching his children after they had been deprived of Knox's instructions,

and in exile. and condemnation is copied from Foxe's Actes and Monuments, and may be compared with that given by Knox, at pages 237-241. In reference to the formidable array of pielates and the nobiMty assembled in the Church of the Blackfriars' Monastery, to the trial of this "simple man," whom Knox celebrates as " zealous in godliness, and of an upright life," I find in
w^as forfeited
trial

and while Cockburn himself

The

following account of Wallace's

544

APPENDIX.

No. XII.

the Treasurer's Accounts, that between July and September 1550, the

sum

of 2, 17s. 4d.

was paid

to

James

Dalyell,

(who was " one

of the Masters of Work,") " quhilk he debursit in preparing of ane

scaffald the

tyme of the accusatioun of Wallace."

in Scotland.

"

The Story and Marttrdome of Adam Wallace

made hard
at his

" There was set vpon a scaffold

the Lord Gouernour.

to the Chauncellary wall

of the blacke Friers Church in Edinbrough on seates

made

thereupon,

Aboue him

backe sat M. Gawin Hamelthereof.

ton

Deane of Glasgue, representing the Metropolitane Pastor

Upon a seat on his right hand sat the Archbishop At his backe, and aside somewhat stoode the Official!
Next
to the

of S. Andrewes.
[of] Lowthaine.

Byshop of S. Andrewes, the bishop of Dumblane, the byshop of Murray, the Abbot of Dunfermling, the Abbot of Glenluce, wyth other Churchmen of lower estimation, as the Official of S. Andrewes and other Doctours of that nest and Citie. And at the other end of the seat sat Maister [of] Uchiltrie. On his left hand sat the Earle of Argyle Justice, with his deputye Syr John Campbell of Lundy vnder his feete. Next hym the Earle of Huntly. Then the Earle of Anguish, the Byshop of Gallaway, the Prior of S. Andrewes, the Bishop of Orknay, the Lord Forbes, Dane John Wynrime Suppriour of S. Andrewes, and behinde the seates stoode the whole senate,
the Clarke of the Register, &c.

At the further end of the Chauucelary wall in the pulpit was placed M. John Lauder Parson of Marbottle, Accuser, clad in a surplice, and
a red hood, and a great Congregation of the whole people in the body After that, Syr John Ker of the Church, standing on the ground.

Prebendary of S. Gyles Church was accused, conuicted, and condemned, for the false making and geuing forth of a sentence of diuorce, and thereby falsly diuorced and parted a man and hys lawfull wyfe, in the name of the Deane of Roscalrige [Restalrig], and He certayne other Judges appointed by the holy Father the Pope. graunted the falshood, and that neuer any such thing Avas done in and was deede, nor yet ment nor moued by the foresayd Judges agreed to be banished the realmes of Scotland and England for hys lyfe tyme, and to lose his right hand if he were found or apprehended therin hereafter, and in the nieane time to leaue his benefices for
;

euer,

and they to be vacant. After that was brought in

Adam

Wallace, a simple poore

man

in

appearance, conueyed by John of Cunnoke seruant to the Bishop of S. Andrewes, and set in the middest of the scaffi3ld, who was com-

No. XII.

APPENDIX.
to

545

maunded

looke to the accuser

He

aunswered,

Adam

Wallace,

who asked him what was hys name. The accuser said he had an other
;

name, which he gi-aunted, and sayd he was commonly called Feane. Then asked he where he was borne Within two myle of Fayle (sayd he) in Kyle. Then sayd the accuser, I repent that euer such a poore

man God
body.

as

you should put these noble Lordes

to so great

encumbrance
a,s

thys day by your vayne speakyng.

And

I must speake (sayd he)

geueth

me grace, and I beleue I haue sayd no euill to hurt any Would God (sayd the Accuser) ye had neuer spoken, but you
was

are brought forth for so horrible crimes of heresie, as neuer

imagined in thys countrey of before, and shall be sufficiently proued, and I forethinke that it should be heard, for that ye cannot deny it
:

hurting of weak consciences.

Now

I wyll ye thee no more, and thou

shalt heare the pointes that thou art accused of.

Adam

Wallace, alias Feane, thou art openly delated and accused

and teaching of the blasphemies and abominIn the fii'st, thou hast sayd and taught, that the bread and wyne on the altar, after the wordes of consecraHe turned to the tion, are not the body and bloud of Jesu Christ. Lord Gouernour, and Lords aforesayd, saying I sayd neuer nor taught nothyng, but that I found in this booke and writte (hauyng there a Bible at his belte, in French, Dutch, and English) which is the worde of God, and if you will be content that the Lord God and his worde be Judge to me and this his holy writ, here it is, and where I haue sayd wrong, I shall take what punishment you will put to me for I neuer said nothyng concerning this that I am accused of, but
for preaching, saying,

able heresies vnderwritten.

that Avhich I found in this writte.

What
after our

diddest thou say, sayd the Accuser

I sayd (quoth he) that

Lord Jesus Christ had eaten the Pascall Lambe in hys latter Supper wyth his Apostles, and fulfilled the ceremonies of the olde law, he instituted a new Sacrament in remembrance of his death then to come. He tooke bread, he blessed, and bi-ake it, and gaue it to hys Disciples, and sayde "Take ye, eate ye, thys is my bodye, which shall be broken and gcuen for you And lykcwise the cuppe, blessed, and badde them drinke all therof, for that was the cup of the new testament, which shoulde be shedde for the forgeuing of many. How oft ye do thys, do it in my remembraunce." (Matth. 2G.) Then sayd the Bishop of S. Andi-cwes, and the Officiall of Low:
:

thaine, with the

know

this well

enough.
is

Deane of Glasgue, and many other Prelates We The earle of Huntly sayd Thou aunswcrest
: :

not to that which

VOL.
T.

laide to thee

say either yea or nay therto.

He

546

APPENDIX.

No. XII.

aunswered, If ye wyll admitte

God and

his

of hys blessed sonne Jesus Christ our

:

word spoken by the mouth Lord and Sauiour, ye wyU

admit that I haue sayd for I haue sayd or taught nothing, but that the word, which is the triall and touchstone, sayth, whiche ought to be Judge to me, and to all the world. Why (quoth the Earle of Huntly) hast thou not a Judge good enough and trowest thou that we know not God and his worde
;

Aunswere
cuser)

to that is

spoken to thee

and then they made the accuser

speake the same thyng ouer agayne.

Thou

saydest (quoth the ac-

and hast taught, that the bread and w^yne in the Sacrament of the aultar, after the wordes of the consecration, are not ye body and
bloud of our Sauiour Jesus Christ. He aunswered I sayd neuer more then the write sayth, nor yet
:

more then I haue sayd before. For I know well by S. Paule when he sayth Wliosoeuer eateth this bread, and drinketh of this cup vn:

worthely, receauetli to hiraselfe damnation.

fore

(1 Cor. xi.)

And

ther-

when I taught (which was but seldome, and to them onely which required and desired me) I sayd, that if the Sacrament of the aultar
were truly ministred^ and vsed as the sonne of the liuyng God did institute it, where that was done, there was God himselfe by his divine power, by the which he is ouer all. The Byshop of Orkney asked him Beleuest thou not (sayd he) that the bread and wyne in the Sacrament of the aultar, after the wordes of the consecration, is the very body of God, flesh, bloud, and
:

bone

wot not Avhat that word consecration meaneth. God was conceaued of the holy Ghost, and borne of the virgine Mary, and hath a naturall body with handes, feete, and other members, and in the same body hee walked vp and downe in the world, preached, and taught, he suffered death vnder Pontius Pilate, was crucified, dead, and bui-ied, and that by his godly power hee raysed that same body agayne the thyrd day and the same body ascended into heauen, and sitteth on the right hand of the Father, whiche shall come agayne to iudge both the quicke and the dead. And that this body is a natui'all body with handes and feete, and can not be in two places at once, hee sheweth well him selfe For the whiche euerlastyng thankes be When the woman brake the to hym that maketh this matter cleare. oyntment on hym, aunsweryng to some of his Disciples whiche grudged thereat, hee sayd The poore shall you haue alwayes with you, but me shall you not haue alwayes, (Math. 26.) meanyng of his naturall body.
aunswered
:

He

I haue not

much

Latin, but I beleue that the sonne of

No. XII.

APPENDIX.

547

same Disciples that were and would euer haue had him remainyng with them corporally It is needefull for you that I passe aAvay, for if I passe not away, the comforter the holy Ghost shall not come to you (John IG.) (meanyng that his naturall body behoued to be taken away from them) But be stoute and of good cheare, for I am with you vnto the worldes end. (Math. 28. John 16.) And that the eatyng of his very flesh profiteth not, may well be knowen by his wordes whiche he spake in the vj. of John, where after that he had sayd Except ye eate my flesh and drinke my bloud, ye shal not haue life in you they murmuryng thereat, he reproued them for their grosse & fleshly takyng of his wordes, and sayd What will ye thinke when ye see the sonne of man ascend to the place that it came fro ?
likewise at bis Ascension saycl he to the
fleshly,
:
:

And

It is the spirite that quickneth, the flesh profiteth nothyng, (John. G,)
to

be eaten as they tooke

It is

it,

Wlien he and the Lord Gouernour iudge if hee had right by the write, the Accuser cryed Ad Secundam. Nunc ad Secundam, aunswered the Archbyshop of S. Andrewes. Then was he bidden to heare the Accuser, who propounded the second Article, and sayd Thou saydedst lykewise, and openly byddest teach, that the Masse is veiy Idolatry, and abhominable in the sight of God. He aunswered and sayd I haue read the Bible and word of God in three tounges, and haue vnderstand them so farre as God gaue me gi'ace, and yet read I neuer that word Masse in it all but I found (sayd he) that the thyng that was hyghest and most in estimation amongest men, and not in the word of God, was Idolatry, and abhominable in the sight of God. And I say the Masse is liolden gi'eatly in estimation, and hygh amongest men, and is not founded in the word, therefore I sayd it was Idolatry and abhominable in the But if any man will finde it in the Scripture, and sight of God. proue it by Gods Avord, I Avill graunt myne errour, and that I haue fayled otherwise not, and in that case I will submit me to all lawfull Ad Tertiam, sayd the Ai'chbyshop. correction and punishment. Then sayd the Accuser Thou hast sayd and openly taught that the GOD which we worshyp, is but bread, sowen of come, growyng of the earth, baked of mens handes, and nothyng els. He aunswered, I worshyp the Father, the Sonne, and the Holy Ghost, three persons in one Godhead, whiche made and fashioned the heauen and earth, and all that is thei'ein of naught, but I know not
an horrible
heresie,

and euen so take ye it. sayd the Byshop of Orknay.

:

began

to speake agayne,

548
:

APPENDIX.

No. XII.

which God you worship and if you will shewe me whom you ship, I shall shewe you, what he is, as I can by my iudgemene.
after the

woi*-

Beleuest thou not (sayd the Accuser) that the sacrament of the alter,

very body and bloud of the sonne of God,

the body of

wordes of the consecration betwixt the Priestes handes, is the & God hymself ? What

God

is,

sayd he,

&

what kynde of body he

in scripture.

hath, I

haue

shewed you,

so farre as I

haue found

Tlien sayd the Accuser:

Thou

hast pi"eached,sayd, and openly taught

diuers and sundry other gi-eat errours and abhominable heresies agaynst
all

the

vij.

sacraments, which for shortnes of tyme I pretermit and ouer

doest thou gi'aunt thy foresayd Articles that thou art

pass.

Whether
of,

accused

or no, and thou shalt heare

iij.

them

shortly

and then rc-

peted the accuser the

Articles aforesayde shortly ouer, and asked

him whether he graunted or denied them. He aunswered that before he had said of

his aunsweres, and that he sayd nothyng, but agreeing to the holy word as he vnderstoode, so God iudge him, and his owne conscience accuse hym, and thereby woulde he abide vnto the tyme he were better instructed by scripture,

and the contrary proued, euen to the death and said to the Lord Gouernour and other Lordes if you condemne me for holding by Gods word, my innocent bloud shalbe required at your handes, when
: :

ye shalbe brought before the iudgement seat of Christ, who is mightie to defend my innocent cause, before whome ye shall not denye it, nor yet be able to resiste hys wrath to whom I referre the venge" Vengeaunce is myne, and I will rewarde." aunce, as it is written (Heb. 10.)
:
:

and
to

Then gaue they forth sentence, and condemned him by the lawes, so left him to the secular power, in the handes of Syr John Camp-

bell Justice deputie,

who

deliuered
;

hym

to the Prouost of

Edenbrough
to

be burnt on the Castlehill

who

incontinent

made hym

be put in

the vppermost house in the towne

wyth

irons about his legges and

to

necke, and gaue charge to Syr

Hew

Terry e

keepe the key of the

sayde house, an ignoraunt minister and impe of Sathan, and of the

direction, sent to the poore man two Gray Friers hym, wyth Avhom he woulde enter into no commoning, Soone after that was sent in two blacke Friers, an Englishe Frier & an other subtile sophister called Arbircromy, with the which Englishe Frier he would haue reasoned and declared hys fayth by the scriptures. Who aunswered, he had no commission to enter in disputation with hym, and so departed and left him. Then was sent to hym a worldly wise man, and not vngodly in the

Byshops

who by

to instructe

No. XII.

APPENDIX.

549

vnderstanding of the truth, the Deane of Roscah-ige,^

the realtie of the sacrament after the consecration.
so passed ouer that night in singing,

Christian consolation, amongest the which he exhorted

who gaue hym him to beleue But he w^ould

consent to nothing that had not euidence in the holy scripture, and

and lauding God to the eares of Dauid without booke, to his consolation For before they had spoyled hym of hys Bible, which alwaies til after he was condemned, was with him where euer he went. After that, Syr Hew knew that he had certaine bookes to read and comfort his spirit, who came in a rage & tooke the same from him, leaning him desolate (to his power) of all consolation, and gaue diuers vngodly & injurious prouocations by his deuilishe venome, to haue peruerted him a poore innocent, from the patience & hope he had in Christ
diuers hearers, hauing learned the Psalter of
:

hys Sauiour

but

God

suffered

him not
and

to

be moued there wdth, as

plainely appeared to the hearers

seers for the tyme.

the next moi'ning abode this poore man in yrons, and prowas commaunded to be made for his burnyng agaynst the next Which day the Lord Gouernour, and all the principall both day. spirituall and temporall Lords departed from Edenbrough to their

So

all

uision

other busines.

After they were departed, came the Deane of Roscalrige to him

& reasoned with him after his wit. Who aunswered as before, he would say nothing concerning his faith, but as the scripture testifieth, yea though an Aungcll came from heauen to perswade him to sauing that he confessed himselfe to haue receaued good the same consolation of the said Deane in other behalfes, as becommeth a
againe
:

Christian.

came in the said Terry again & examined him after his and said he would garre deuils to come forth of him ere euen. To whom he aunswered you should be a godly man to geue me rather consolation in my case. When I knewe you were come, I prayed God I myght resiste your temptations, which I thanke him, he hath made me able to doe therefore I pray you let me alone in Then he asked of one of the Officers that stoode by. Is your peace.

Then

after

old maner,

fire

makyng ready ? Who tolde hym it was. He aunswered, as it God I am ready soone or late, as it shall please him and then he spake to one faythfuU in that company, & bad him commend him to all the faythfull, beyng sure to meetc together with them in heauen. From that tyme to his forth commyng to the fire, spake no man with him.
pleaseth
: :

Mr. John

Siuclaii-,

Dcau

of

RestaWg, who became Bishop

of Brcchiu.

See

supra, p. 2()5.

550

APPENDIX.
bis forth

No. XIII.

forbad him to speake to any

commyug, the Prouost with great manasing wordes man or any to him, as belyke he had commaundement of his superiours. Commyng fi'om the towne to the Castle hill, the common people sayd, God haue mercy vpon him. And on you to (sayd he). Befng beside the iire he lifted vp his eyn

At

Let it not offend to heauen twise or thrise, and sayd to the people you, that I suffer the death this day, for the truthes sake, for the Then was the Prouost angi-y that Disciple is not aboue his Master.
:

he spake.
not
let

me

speake.

Then looked he to heauen agayne, and sayd They will The corde beyng about hys necke, the fire was
:

lighted,

and
to

so departed he to

God

constauntly, and with good coun^-

teuauuce

our sightes.

Ex testhnonijs

Uteris e Scotia petitis. an.

1550."

No. XIII.

WALTER MYLN.
The trial and condemnation of this venerable priest has been noticed
by
p.
all

our ecclesiastical historians

Pitscottie.

including George Buchanan, and

;

Lindesay of

337

Spottiswood, p. 95
is

preserved by Foxe,

Calderwood, vol. i. p. 308 Howie's Scots Worthies, &c. The account however the most minute and interesting.
;

See Knox, supra,

In his earlier years Myln had travelled in Germany, and afterwards became priest of the church of Luuan, in Angus. Information

having been laid against him for refusing to say Mass in the time of Cardinal Beaton, he abandoned his cure but after many years had elapsed, he was taken in the town of Dysart, in Fife, and carried to
;

Andrews, where after the trial, as recorded in the following exhe was condemned to the flames, on the 28th April 1558. Buchanan, who calls him " a priest of no great learning," erroneously
St.

tracts,

places his death in April 1559.

All the authorities concur in describof eighty-two years of age

;

ing

him
is

as a decrepit old

man

but no

notice
life,

taken of the circumstance that during the later period of his and that his probably while in retirement, he had married
;

widow survived him many

years.

This appears from a payment in

the Accounts of the Collector General of Thirds of Benefices, 1573, when there was paid " To the relict of umquhile Walter Myln, accord-

ing to the allowance of the old comi^tis, 6, 13s. 4d."

No. XIII.

APPENDIX.

551

"

The Martyrdome of the blessed seruaunt of God, Walter Mille.

the rest of the Martyrs of Scotland, the marueilous conWalter Mille is not to be passed ouer with silence. Out of whose ashes sprang thousandes of his opinion and religion in Scotland, who altogetlier chose rather to dye, then to be any longer ouertroden by the tyranny of the foresayd, cruell, ignoraunt, and beastly Byshoi:>s, Abbots, Monkes, and Friers, and so began the congregation of Scotland to debate the True Religion of Christ agaynst the Frenchmen and Papistes, who sought alwayes to depresse and keepe downe the same for it began soon after the Martyrdome of Walter Ivlille, of the which
stancie of
:

"

Among

the forme hereafter followeth.

In the yeare of our Lord, 1558, in the tyme of Mary Duches of Longawayll Queene Regent of Scotland, and the sayd John Hamelton beyng Byshop of S. Andrewes, and Primate of Scotland, this Walter Mille (who in his youth had bene a papist) after that he had bene in Almaine, & had heard the doctrine of the Gospell, he returned agayne into Scotland, and setting aside all Papistry and compelled chastitie, maryed a wife, whiche thyng made him vnto the Byshops
of Scotland to be suspected of heresie
:

and

after long watch}Tig of

hym

hee was taken by two Poijishe Priestes, one called sir George Straqwhen, and the other sir HewTurry,i seruauntes to the sayd Byshop for the t}Tne, -within the town of Dysart in Fiffe, and brought to S.

He beyng in prison, and laboured to haue seduced him, and threatned him with death and corporall tormentes, to the entent they would cause him to recant and forsake the truth. But seyng they could profit nothyflg thereby, and that he remained still firme and constaunt, they laboured to perswade him by fayre promises, and offere vnto hym a Monkes portion for aU the dayes of his lyfe, in the Abbaye of Dunfermelyng, so that hee would denye the thynges he had taught, and graunt that they were heresie but he continujnig in the truth euen vnto the end, despised their threatnynges and fayre
Andrewes and imprisoned
in the Castle thereof.

the Papistes earnestly trauailed

promises.

Then assembled together the byshops of S. Andrewes, Miu'ray, Brechin, Caitnes, and Atheins, the Abbots of Dunfermelyng, Landors,
Baliiidrinot,

as
*

and Cowper, vfith Doctours of Theologie of S. Andrewes, John Greson Blacke Frier, and Dane Jolm Uynrame Suppriour of
Evidently the same person
Pitscottie calls

named
him

Terrye, in the previous account of Wallace.

See page 548.

Sir

Hugh

Curry.

552
S.

APPENDIX.

No. XIIT.

Andrewes, William Cranston Provost of the old Colledge, with & gray. These being assembled and hauyng consulted together, he was taken out of prison and brought to the Metropolitane church where he was put in a Pulpit before the Bishops to be accused, the 20. day of Aprill. Beyng brought vnto the church and climyng vp to the Pulpit, they seyng him so weake and feeble of person, partly by age and trauaile, & partly by euill intreatment, that without helpe he could not clime vp, they were in dispayre not to haue heard him for weakenesse of voyce. But when he began to speake, he made the Churche to ryng and sounde agayne, with so great courage & stoutnes, that the Christians which were present, were no lesse rejoyced, then the aduei'saries were confounded and ashamed. He beyng in the Pulpit, and on his knees at Prayer, sir Andrew Oliphant one of the Byshops Priestes, commanded hym sir to arise and to aunswere to his Articles, saying on this manner Walter Mille, arise and aunswere to the Articles, for you hold my Lord here ouer long. To whom Walter after he had finished his prayer, aunswered saying we ought to obey God more then men, I serue one more mighty, euen the omnipotent Lord and where you call me
diuers others, as sondry Friers black
:
: :

Sir Walter, they call

me Walter, and

not Sir Walter, I haue bene ouer

long one of the Pope's Knightes.

Now

say what thou hast to say.

These were the Articles whereof he was accused, with his aunswers vnto the same.
Oliphant. What thincke you of Priestes mariage. Mille. I hold it a blessed band, for Christ hiraselfe maintained it, and approued the same, and also made it free to all men but ye thinke it not free to you ye abhorre it, and in the meane tyme take other mens wiues and daughters, & will not keepe the bande that God hath made. Ye vow chastitie, & breake the same. S. Paule had rather maiTy than burne the whiche I haue done, for God forbad neuer mariage to any man, of what state or degree so euer he were. Oliph. Thou sayest there is not vij. sacramentes. Mille. Geue me the Lordes supper and Baptisme, and take you the rest, & part them among you For if there be \nj. Avhy haue you omitted one of them, to wit, mariage, & geue your selues to sclaunderous and ungodly whoredome. Oliph. Thou art agaynst the blessed sacrament of the aultar, and sayest, that the Masse is wrong, and is Idolatry. Mille. A Lord or a KjTig sendeth & calleth many to a dyner, and when the dyner is in readynesse, he causeth to ryng a bell, and the
: : : :

No. XIII.

APPENDIX.
to the hall,

553

men come
the
:

Lord turnyng them so do ye.

his

and sit downe to be partakers of the dyner, but backe vnto them eateth all himselfe, and mocked

Oliph. Thou denyest the sacrament of the aultar to be the very body of Christ really in flesh and bloud. MiLLE. The very scripture of God is not to be taken carnally but spiritually, and standeth in fayth onely & as for the Masse, it is wrong, for Chi'ist was once offered on the Crosse for mans ti'espasse,
:

and will neuer be offered agayne, for then he ended all sacrifice. Oliph. Thou denyest the office of a Byshop. MiLLE. I affirme that they whom ye call Byshops, do no Byshops workes, nor vse the offices of bishops, (as Paul byddeth writyng to Timothy,) but lyue after their owne sensuall pleasure and take no cai*e of the flocke, nor yet regarde they the word of God, but desire to be honored and called, my Lordes. Oliph. Thou sj)eakest agaynst pilgrimage, and callest it a pilgrimage to whoredome. MiLLE. I afl5rm that, and say that it is not commanded in the scripture, and that there is no greater whoredome in no places, then at your pilgrimages, except it be in common brothells. Oliph. Thou preachest quietly and priuatly in houses and openly
in the fieldes.
IVIiLLE.

Yea man, and on

the sea also sailyng in shyp.

Oliph.
Mille.

"Wilt thou not recant

thyne erroneous opinions, and

if

thou wilt not, I will pronounce sentence agaynst thee.

I

am

accused of

my
:

lyfe

therfore as Christ said to Judas

I know I must dye once, & Quod fads, fac citius. Ye shall
:

know

that I wil not recant the truth, for I

1 wil not be

but I will

am corne, I am no chaffe, blowen away with the winde nor burst with the flaile, abyde both.

These thynges rehearsed they of purpose, with other light trifles, to augment their finall accusation, and then Sir Andrew Oliphant pronounced .sentence agaynst him that he should be deliuered to the temporall judge, and punished as an hereticke, which Avas to be burnt. Notwithstandyng his boldnes and constauncie moued so the hartes of many, that the Byshop's Stuard of his regalitie, Prouest of the towne called Patrike Learmond, refused to be his temporall judge to whom it appertained if the cause had been just. Also the Byshop's Chamberlaino beyng therewith charged, would in no wise take vppon hym so vngodly an office. Yea the whole Towne was so offended with his
:

554

APPENDIX.

No. XIII.

unjust condemnation, that the Byshop's seruauntes could not get for
their

money

so

much

as one cord to tye

him

to the stake, or

a tarre

barrell to burne him, but were consti'ained to cut the cordes of their

maisters

owne

pauillon to serue their turne.

Neuerthelesse one seruaunt of the Byshop's more ignoraunt and

cruell then the rest, called
office

Alexander Symmerwyll, enterprising the

of a temporall judge in that part, conueyed

him

to the

fire,

Avhere agaynst all naturall reason of man, his boldnes and hardynes

did

more

&

more increase

so that the spirite of

it

GOD

workjng

miraculously in hym,

made

manifest to the people that his cause

and Articles were

just

and he innocently put downe.

Now when
with armed

all

thynges were ready for his death and he conueyed

:

men to the fire, Oliphaut bad hym passe to the stake and he sayd, nay, but wilt thou put me vp with thy hand and take part of my death, thou shalt see me passe vp gladly, for by the law of God I am forbydden to put handes vpon my selfe. Then Oliphant put him vp with his hand, and he ascended gladly, saying Introibo ad alienee Dei,
;

and desired that he might haue place to speake to the people, the which Oliphant and other of the burners denyed, saying that he had spoken ouer much, for the Bishops were altogether offended that the matter was so long continued. Then some of the young men committed both the burners, & the Byshops their maisters to the deuill, saying that they beleued that they should lament that day, and desired the sayd Walter to speake what he pleased. And so after he had made his humble supplication to God on his knees, he arose, and standyng vpon the coales sayd on this wise. Deare frendes, the cause why I suffer this day is not for any crime layed to my charge (albeit I be a misei'able sinner befoi'e God) but
onely for the defence of the fayth of Jesus Christ, set forth in the
old Testament vnto vs, for which the as the faythful Martyrs haue offered them selues gladly before, beyng assured after the death of their bodyes of eternall felicitie, so this day I prayse God that he hath called me of his mercy among the rest of his seruaunts, to seale vp his truth with my life which as I haue receaued it of hym, so Therfore as you will escape the willingly I offer it to his glory. eternall death, be no more seduced with the lyes of Priestes, Monkes, Friers, Priours, Abbots, Byshops, and the rest of the sect of Antichrist, but depend onely vpon Jesus Christ and his mercy, that ye
:

new and

may be

deliuered from condemnation.

All that while there was great

mournyng and lamentation of

patience, stoutnes,

the multitude, for they perceiuyng his

and boldnes, constancie, and hardynes, were not

No. XIV.

APPENDIX.

555

onely

moued and
was the

styrred vp, but their hartes also were so inflamed,

that hee

last INIartyr that

dyed in Scotland

for the Religion.

After his prayer, he was hoysed vp on the stake, and beyng in the
fire,

he sayd

Lord haue mercy on me

Pray people while there

is

tyme, and so constauntly departed.

Epitaphium.

Non

nostra impietas aut acta3 crimina vitfe

hostes in

Armarunt

mea

fata truces.
libellis,

Sola fides Christi sacris signata

Qu^

vitae

causa

est, est

mihi causa

necis.

After this, by the just judgement of God, in the same place where Walter Mille was burnt, the Images of the great Church of the Abbey, which passed both in number and costlynes, were burnt in tyme of
reformation.

Exfideli testimonio

Scotia misso.

And
Jesus,

thus

much concerning such

his truth."

matters as happened, and such

for the faith of Christ

]\Iartyrs as suffered in the

Realme of Scotland

and testimony of

The Ej^itaph, quoted in the above extracts from Foxe, was written by Patrick Adamson, who became Archbishop of St. AndrcAvs.

No. XIV.

ON THE TITLE OF

SIR,

APPLIED TO PRIESTS.

At this period, in England as well as in Scotland, the title of Sir was usually applied to Priests, obviously derived fi'om the Latin Dominus. But the oi'igin of this application, or rather the peculiar class of the Priesthood to whom it was applicable, has not been well defined. It was to distinguish them from persons of civil or military knighthood that they were popularly called Pope's Knights, and not as some Avriters have supposed, because the title was conferred on the secular clergy by the Bishop of Rome. In the account of the trial of Walter Myln, wlio was burnt for heresy in 1558, (see this Appendix, No. Xni.) it is related, that when his accusers addressed him as " Sir

556

APPENDIX.
call

No. XIV.

call

Walter Myln," he answered, " And where you me Walter, and not Sir Walter / have
:

me

Sir Walter, they

been ouer long one of the

Pope's Knightes^

Sir

David Lyndesay

says,

"

The pure Priest thinkis he gets na Be he nocht stylit like ane Knicht,

richt

And
As
much
reason

callit

Schir befoir his name,

Schir

Thomas and

Schir Williame."

Dr. Jamieson, in his Dictionary,

(v. Pope^s Knights,)

has collected

curious information on this head, but says, he could assign no

why

this designation, to

a Chapellan than
or parish priest,

" is more frequently given to one called any other sometimes to the exclusion of a parson who is mentioned at the same time as Maister."
;

The reason
difficulty, if

for this, perhaps,

may

be accounted for without

much
it is,)

the suggestion should be correct, (as I apprehend

that

denoted the academical rank or degree which had been taken and was not intended to designate an inferior order of the priesthood. This title of Sir was never applied to laymen, and appears to have
it

been given both to the regular and secular clergy, or persons in

Priests orders

who had
title

taken their Bachelor's degree; but

in
itself.

it

was

not an academical

Those

priests

who

received the

appointment of chaplains, were chiefly persons who, either from want of means or influence, had not been able to prosecute their studies the full time at a University, to obtain the higher rank as Master of

Arts

and therefore the

title

of Sir

was given them, but simply

to

the absence of that academical rank, which was long held in great respect, and led to the practice, both among the clergy and laity, until the close of the 17th century, of signing Master before

mark

their names.

Thus, in the present volume, we have Sir George Clappei'ton, who was Sub-Dean of the Chapel Royal, (p. 45,) &'r Duncan Symsoun, Layng, as Chaplains, (p. 75,) and many (p. G2,) and Sir William and I believe it cannot be others, besides Sir John Knox, (p. xiv.) shown that any of the persons alluded to had taken the degi*ee of
;

Master of Arts. On the other hand, ecclesiastics of all ranks, from Archbishops and Abbots, to Friars and Vicars, who are known to have done so, are never styled Sir, but have always Master prefixed to their baptismal names, in addition to the titles of their respective For instance, we have Maister Jaiiies Beton, who became offices. Primate, (p. 13,) Maister Patrick Hepburn, Prior of St. Andrews, 38,) Maister James Beton, Archbishop of Glasgow, (p. 252,)
(p.

No. XIV.

APPENDIX.

557

Maister David Pantcr, Secretary and Bishop of Ross, (p. 262,) and a hundred others, who held different ecclesiastical appointments. In

one instance, (see page 549,) we find "Sir alias Mr. John Macbrair," from an uncertainty as to his proper designation. On the institution
of the College of Justice, one half of the Judges belonged to the
spiritual side
;

and at the

first

Sederunt, 27th

May

1532,

when

their

names and

titles

are specified, the

tion, Mctyister prefixed to their

churchmen have, with one excepnames, the exception being Domimis

Joannes Dingwell, Provost of Trinity College, near Edinburgh. It cannot be said he was so styled from holding any situation in the Cliurch inferior to the Rectors of Eskirk, and Finevin, or the Provost of Dunglass, three of his brethren

who

then took their seats on

the bench as Judges.

(See note

2,

supra, page 42.)

The Sederunt November 1549,

of the church.

of the Provincial Council held at Edinburgh, 27th

as published

by Wilkins,

vol. iv. p. 46, exhibits the

usual designations and the order of precedency

among

the dignitaries
titles,

They

are, after giving

ranked under the following heads: " Episcopi. Vicarii Generales sedium vacantium. Abbates, Priores, et Commendatarii. Doctores in Theologia, Licentiati et Bacalaurei. Ordines Praedicatorum. Ordines Conventualium Ordines S. Augustini Ordines Sanc-

Archbishop Hamilton his

tissimac

Trinitatis de redemptione

captivorum

Ordines Carmele-

tarum."

In

this list the

higher clergy are styled simply "William

Bishop of, &:c., Quintin Abbot of, &c., Alexander Prior of, &c., William Commendator of, &c. Among those who had taken degrees in Theology, as Doctors, Licentiates, or Bachelors, there are
seven with the
to their
title

of Master, and three with F. or Frater prefixed

names.

F. or Frater.

Of the Preaching Friars, there were four, all The Conventual and other Orders, included
;

designed
Provosts

of Collegiate churches, Deans, Archdeacons, Subdeacons, Rectors,

Canons, and Subpriors

of

whom

there are fifteen with the

title of
it

M.

or Magister, and only six with D. or Dominus, so usual

was

to

find that a regular academical course of study

was requisite

for obtain-

ing promotion in the Church, even

when

the weight of family interest

might have been supposed

This opportunity

sufficient otherwise to

have secured

it.

may be

taken to add a few explanatory words on

the Academical designations which so frequently occur in the footnotes to this volume. There is likewise considerable difficulty in defining such titles
;

and the following explanations may require

to

be

modified.

The

three Universities in Scotland founded durino- the

558

APPENDIX.

No.

XV.

course of the 15th century, were formed on the model of those of

Paris and Bologna.

The

general

name

applied to students of

all

ranks was Supposita, or Siqjposts ; implying that they were subject to The Incorporati were the Provost and Masters in the University.
persons

who upon

entering the College had taken the oaths, and were

;

matriculated in the registers

but this was not confined to students

it

who

first

entered upon their studies at College, as

life,

might include

persons of advanced
four years, and

degrees at some other

who had been educated and obtained their The usual course extended over University.

was devoted to the study of philosophy, including and physics. In the middle of the third year, students were allowed to propose themselves as candidates for the degree of Bachelor of Arts and for this pui-pose, those who had
rhetoric, dialectics, ethics,
;

completed or determined their course of study, during the trivium or period of three years, obtained the name of Determinantes ; and such

were confirmed Bachelors by the Dean of were a class farther advanced, and denoted that they were prepared to enter or take their Master's For obtaining this a more extended examination took place degree. before they were laureated, or received the title of Master of Arts,
as acquitted themselves

Faculty.

The

Intrantes or Licentiates

which

qualified

them

to lecture or teach the seven liberal arts.

See

article Universities, in the last edit, of the

Encyclopaidia Britannica,
;

vol. xxi.

Statuta Universitatis Oxoniensis

ii.

M'Crie's Life of Melville,

to

2d

edit. vol.

p.

336,

et seq.

and Principal Lee's Introduction

for 1840.

the Edinburgh Academic

Annual

No. XV.
ON THE TUMULT IN EDINBURGH, AT THE PROCESSION ON
ST. GILES'S

DAY,

1558.

Giles became the

It has not been ascertained in what way St. -3Egidius or St. Eegarding the tutelar Saint of our Metropolis.

Saint himself, as there prevails less diversity of opinion than usual, we may assume that St, Giles flourished about the end of the Seventh

Century.

According

to Butler,

and other

authorities,

" This

Saint,

whose name has been held France and England, is said

of noble
extraction.

in great veneration for several ages in

to

have been an Athenian by

birth,

and
is

His extraordinary piety and learning,

(it

No.

XV.

APPENDIX.

5.59

added,) drew the admiration of the world upon liim in such a manner,

was impossible for him to enjoy, in his own country, that oband retirement which was the chief object of his desires on earth." Having sailed for France, he spent many years in the wild deserts near the mouth of the Rhone, and afterwards in a forest in the diocese of Nismes. The Bollandists have shewn that this district
that
it

scurity

belonged to the Fi'ench, towards the beginning of the Eighth Century

when

St. Giles
:

Century

died; and that his body remained there till the 13th " when, (as we are informed by the anonymous author of
4to.,) "the Albiwas thought proper

'Lives of Saints,' printed at London 1739, 4 vols.

genses being very troublesome in that country,
to
it

remove it to Toulouse, where it is still kept in St. Saturniu's Church. His name occurs on the first of September in the Calendars of the English Church before the Reformation that, and two antient churches in London, are a sufficient proof of his being known and honoured by our devout ancestors." (Lives, &c. vol. iv. p. 314.)
;

Maitland, the historian of Edinburgh, has collected

much

curious
;

matter connected with the Metropolitan Church of

observes,
it

and beyond dispute that St. Giles's was the first Parish Church in the city, although he was unable to determine at what time or by whom it was founded. Notices of a Parish Church, distinct from the more ancient Church of St. Cuthbert's, may be traced back to the 11th or 12th Century; and there exists a Charter of David II., under the Great Seal, 15th December 1359, granting the Lands of
St.

Giles

is

Upper Merchiston

to

the Chaplain officiating at the Altar of St.

St. Giles,

Katherine's chapel in the Parish Church of

Edinburgh.
;

It is

so designed in subsequent deeds, in the years

latter

1380 and 1387

the

being an Indenture for building some additional chapels and In the folloAving Century a great
;

vaults in the Church.

rate altarages

many

sepa-

were endowed

and

in the year 1466,

it

was erected

by James
and four

the Third, into a Collegiate Church, consisting of a provost, a curate, sixteen prebendaries, a sacristan, a minister of the choir,
choristers.

(Maitland's Hist. p. 272.)

We

may

easily suppose that the possession of

an undoubted

relic of

the Patron Saint, would, in those days, be regarded as an inestimable

An obligation granted by the Provost and Council of Edinburgh, to William Preston of Gortoun, on the 11th June 1454,
treasure.
is still

preserved, and records the fact, that " the

tlie

Arme

bane of Saint

Gele,

quhilk bane he

left to

our Mother Kirk of Saint Gele of

Edinburgh," had been obtained, after long entreaty and considerable

expense, through the assistance of the

King of France.

560
Another historian of our
"

APPENDIX.

No. XV.

city in referring to this donation, says

The Magistrates of the

City, in gratitude for the donation

heii'S

made

to

their

Church, gi'anted a charter in favour of the

of Preston of

Gortoun, (whose descendants, he adds, are to this hour proprietors of

that estate in the county of Edinburgh,) entitling the neai'est heir of

the donor, being of the

in all processions.

name of Preston, to carry this The Magistrates at the same time,

sacred relique

obliged them-

an altar, and to appoint a chaplain for celebrating an annual mass of requiem for the soul of the donor and that a tablet, displaying his arms, and describing his pious donation, should be put up in the chapel. The relique, embossed in silver,
selves to found in this church
;

was kept among the

It

treasure of the

Church

till

the Reformation."

(Arnot's Hist, of Edinb. p. 268.)

1st of September, the festival day of the have a solemn procession through the streets of Edinburgh. A figure of St. Giles, carved in wood, the size of life, had In the year hitherto formed a conspicuous object in this procession. 1558, notwithstanding the progress which the Reformed opinions had

was customary on the

to

Patron Saint,

made,

it

ary solemnity
procession,

was resolved to celebrate this festival with more than ordinand several persons accused of heresy, instead of being
;

sent to the flames on the Castlehill, were reserved to form part of the

and
to

to abjure their opinions, while the

to countenance it

with her presence.

On

such occasions

Queen Regent was it had been

September 1554,

customary
the

deck the image of the Saint.

Thus

in

Dean

of Guild paid 10s. "for paynting of Sanct Geill;" in 1555,

the charge paid to Walter

Bynning for doing this was 6s. In the was paid by the Dean of Guild "for paynting ;" of Sanct Geill ;" and 6d. for " beii'ing of him to the painter, and fra and, at the same time, " for mending and polishing Sanct Gelis arme, 12d. ;" and also a sum " to Alexander Robesoun tailzeour, for mending
accounts of 1556,
6s.

of Sanct Gelis capis." But previously to the day of procession in 1558,

Knox

states, that
;

" the images were stoUen away in

in

all

parts of the countrey

and

Edinburgh ivas that great idoll called Sanct Geyle, first drowned in the North Loch, after burnt, which raised no small trouble in the Town." Sir James Balfour in his Annals, says, this image " was a
grate log of

wood

or

idoll,

which the
this

priests called Sant Geilles."

The

trouble referred to was no doubt the injunction of the ArchSt.

bishop of

Andrews,

to

have

image replaced

and various pay-

ments by the City Treasurer, in 1557-8, refer to the appellation by the Town of Edinburgh against the sentence of Archbishop Hamilton,

No. XVI.

APPENDIX.

oGl
St. Giles replaced.

obliging the
this

Town

to

have the image of

From

image had been stolen in the year 1557. Knox's account of the tumult that ensued is by far the most minute and amusing see pages 258-261. Bishop Lesley is much more concise. After mentioning the circumstance that several persons had been accused of heresy at a Convocation or Provincial Council of the whole Prelates and Clergy assembled at Edinburgh, " bot nane was executed or punished at the end of July, he adds in thair bodeis, bot ordanit to abjure thair erroui'is at the Mercatt Croce of Edinburgh, apoun Sainct Gelis day, the first of September bot thair was so gret a tumult rased that day on the Hie Street of Edinburgh, that thay quha was appointed to do open pennance war suddantlie careid away, and the haill processioun of the Clergie disperced the image of Sanct Geill being borne in processione, was
infer that the
:

we may

Avith the

and distroyed quhairQuene Regent was heicblie offendit and for stanchinge of the lyk trouble in tyme cuming, sho appointed the Lorde Setoun to be provest of the Toun of Edinburgh, quha keped the same in resonable
taikin perforce fra the beraris thairof, brokin
;
;

guid ordour quhill the nixt

symmer

thaireftir."

(History, p. 266.)

Saint Geill, however, never i-ecovered from his degradation on that

day: and in June 1562, the Magistrates directed the portraiture of

the Saint, which had served as their emblem, to be cut out of the city standard, as an idol, and a Thistle to be inserted, " emblematical

a recent writer remarks) of rude reform, but leaving the Hind which accompanied St. Giles, as one of the heraldic supporters of the
(as
city arms."

(Caledonia,
St. Giles,

vol.

ii.

p.

773.)

The
the

jewels, silver-work, vestments,

and other

articles

belonging to

were sold by authority of the Magistrates, in 1562, as will be taken notice of in a subsequent volume.

Church of

No.

XVL
1549-1559.

PROVINCIAL COUNCILS IN SCOTLAND, IN

Respecting the Meetings of the Provincial Councils

before the Refoi-mation,
it

in

Scotland

may

be
2

sufficient in this place to refer to

the well

known
I.

tract

by

Sir

David Dalrymple, Lord Hailes,

entitled

VOL.

562
"
Hi.storical

APPENDIX.

No. XVII.

Memorials concerning the Provincial Councils of the ReformaEdinb. 1769, 4to. It is reprinted in the 3d edition of his tion." Annals of Scotland, vol. iii. pp. 221-271, Edinb. 1819, 3 vols. 8vo. The reader may also consult with advantage, Dr. M'Crie's Life of Knox, vol. i. pp. 163, 166, 416, &c. ; and Bishop Keith's History,
Scottish Clergy, from the earliest accounts to the tera of the
vol.
i.

p.

149, &c.

No. XVII.
LETTER OF MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS TO LORD JAMES PRIOR OF THE MONASTERY OF ST. ANDREWS, JULY 1559.

Calderwood, when
Stewart
;

noticing the arrival of the Sieur de Bethancourt

in Scotland, speaks of his bringing " forged letters" to

but the whole of his account (vol.

see supra,

i.

p. 498,)

Lord James was evidently

as

derived from Knox, but whose words are, " with

allegit:"

letteris,

was

page 384.

Spottiswood, on the other hand,

throws no doubt on their genuineness, but says the bearer Avas

Monsieur Crock

and he

inserts (Hist. p. 130,) a different version

of that of Francis the Second, from the one Avhich

Knox

has given,

and also the following letter, of which Knox, at page 386, only makes mention to quote the concluding phrase. " The letter (says Spottiswood) sent by the Queen, was of the tenor following
:

"

Mary, Queen of Scotland and France, to James Prior of the MONASTERIE OF S. AnDREWES.
" I cannot,

my Cousin, wonder enough, how you that are nighest and greatly benefitted by our libei-ality, as yourself knoweth, should be so presumptuous and wickedly disposed, as by one and the same fact to violate the Majesty of God and the authority belonging to me and my husband for to me it is a wonder that you, who being with me did complain of the Duke of ChatteUerault, and
us in bloud,
;

divers others for dismissing

my authority,

should

now be
away

the leader

of a faction in matters of greatest weight, wherein not only the honour of

God

is

touched, but

my

authority allutterly taken

which I
little

would have more you, for I had a

easily believed of
.speciall

any other of
fidelity,

my
and

subjects than of

hope of your

am

not a

No. XVIII.

APPENDIX.

563
;

grieved that you should have deceived

me

Though

yet I can scarse

be perswaded, that you are gone so far from truth and reason, as to be carried away with such blinde errours which I wish were not, as

any

in the world else, beseeching

light, that

returning into the right

God to illuminate you with way you may shew your self

his

(by

to that you have already performed) a good man, and obedient to our lawes whereof by these letters I thought good to admonish you, and withall earnestly to intreat you to amend your by-gone faults, with better deeds in time coming that the anger which I and my husband have conceived against you, may by that means be mitigated. Otherwise I would have you understand, that we wiU take such punishment of you, that you shall ever remember us, which shall be to me a most grievous thing. God I beseech to keep you from all danger.

doing things contrary

Paris the 24. of Julij, 1559."

No. XVIII.

DAVID FORREST, GENERAL OF THE MINT.

David Forrest, General of the Mint, was probably a native of His name first occurs in 1546, as entertaining George

East-Lothian.

Wishart, in his house in the town of Haddington. Knox speaks of him, when mentioning this circumstance, as " ane man that long lies
professed the truth," (p. 137.)

wards, as Sir Ralph Sadler,

England soon afterhad come to England, along with AVilliam Maitland of Lethington, and Mr. Henry "who departed out of EngBalnaves, in November 1559, he adds, land in the beginning of the reign of Queen Mary for cause of religion, and now retuurneth agayn because of these troubles in Scotland, as
retired to

He had

when

noticing that Forrest

he saycth."

(Letters, vol.

i.

p.

585.)
the want of qualified persons for the

After the Reformation,

ministry was deeply
felt,

when

Forrest was one of several laymen, who,

from having previously given proofs of their sincere zeal and piety, were nominated at the first General Assembly, in December 1560, as " thought apt and able to minister." On the 3d July 1562, David Forrest was specially requested by the Assembly "to tak on the On the next day, his answer to that request " was reministerie."

564

APPENDIX.

No. XVllI.

ferred to the Superintendent of Lothian and Kirk of Edinburgh." Again, on the 29th December 1562, " David Forrest, notwithstand-

ing he objected his

owne

inabilitie,

was charged by the whole

where
i.

Assemblie, as he would avoide disobedience to their voices, without

farther delay, to addresse himself to enter in the ministerie,

he salbe appointed, seeing

able for that function."
4, 18, 28.)

it

was knowen

sufficientlie that

he was
pp.

(Booke

of the Universall Kirk, vol.

Although Forrest did not comply with this injunction, he conmember of Assembly for several years, and was named on committees " for the decision of questions," and for other matters. His promotion as General of the Mint may possibly have had its influence in his refusing to take upon himself the office of the ministry. He appears to have long been connected with the Mint. In the Treasurer's Accounts, 15 June 1554-5, David Forres is styled "Magister Cone ;" but he must have been superseded, as the office of "Maister Cunzeour," was filled by John Achesoun, from at least 1559 to 1563. But Forrest again appears in 1564-5 and for several years, (between 1565 and 1572,) we find monthly payments in the Treasurer's Accounts to the principal Officers of the Mint, viz., to David Forrest, General of the Cunzie-house, 12, 10s. Andrew Henderson, Wai'dane, 4, 3s. 4d. Maister John Balfour, Comptar "Wardane, 3, 6s. 8d., (who, in October 1570, was succeeded by David Adamesoun, with the same monthly fee or salai'y of 3, 6s. 8d.) James Mosman, Assayer, (succeeded in April 1572, by Thomas Achesoun,) 3, 6s. 8d. And James Gray, Sinckar of the Irnis, 5, with an additional sum, " for brisseling, grynding, neiUing, and tempering the Irnis," of 3, 6s. 8d. In the Treasurer's Accounts 1572, we also find that different sums were allowed as "feis extraordinar" to most of these officials, for services rendered " in the tyme of troubill."
tinued to be a
;

EDINBURGH

PRINTED BV

T.

CONSTABLE, PRINTER TO

HER MAJESTV.

Date Due