GuidetoRainforestationTimberSpecies

Visayas State University-Institute of Tropical Ecology This is a general guide to Philippine local timber tree species that are recommended for ecological reforestation on islands with no pronounced dry season. Trees should only be used in areas to which they are native. Table 1 Sun demanding indigenous tree species recommended in Production, Restoration and Urban Areas with volcanic soil. Shade tolerant local forest tree species recommended in Production, Restoration and Urban Areas with volcanic soils. Sun demanding forest tree species that efficiently shade out weeds if planted closely. Sun demanding forest tree species recommended in limestone areas. Indigenous forest trees recommended for habitat restoration/wildlife conservation with reproductive parts eaten by some animals based on field observations.

Table 2

Table 3 Table 4 Table 5

Table 1. Sun demanding indigenous tree species recommended in Production, Restoration and Urban Areas with volcanic soil.
Family Name Anacardiaceae Anacardiaceae Anacardiaceae Bignoniaceae Burseraceae Caesalpiniaceae Caesalpiniaceae Casuarinaceae Casuarinaceae Clusiaceae Combretaceae Combretaceae Fabaceae Fabaceae Lecythidaceae Meliaceae Meliaceae Mimosaceae Mimosaceae Moraceae Myricaceae Myrtaceae Podocarpaceae Sapindaceae Ulmaceae Verbenaceae Verbenaceae Official Local Name Dao Lamio Amugis Banai-banai Bogo Tindalo Ipil Beach Agoho Mountain Agoho Bitanghol Talisay Gubat Kalumpit Bahai Narra Toog Bagalunga Danupra Kariskis Akleng-parang Gumihan Hindang Malabayabas Malakawayan Malogai Anabiong Molave Lingo-lingo Scientific Name Dracontomelon dao Dracontomelon edule Koordersiodendron pinnatum Radermachera pinnata Garuga floribunda Afzelia rhomboidea Intsia bijuga Casuarina equisetifolia Casuarina nodiflora Calophyllum blancoi Terminalia foettidissima Terminalia microcarpa Ormosia calavensis Pterocarpus indicus Petersianthus quadrialatus Melia dubia Toona sureni Albizia lebbekoides Albizia procera Artocarpus sericicarpus Myrica javanica Tristania decortica Podocarpus rumphii Pometia pinnata Trima orientalis Vitex parviflora Vitex turczaninowii Preferred Habitation Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Environmental and Economic Benefits Good for riverbank stabilization, superb wood quality for furniture. Good for riverbank stabilization, good construction. Good for riverbank stabilization, superb wood quality for construction materials Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, superb wood quality for house construction Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, superb wood quality for house construction Enhance soil fertility/nitrogen fixing, superb wood quality for furniture Enhance soil fertility/nitrogen fixing, superb wood quality for furniture Enhance soil fertility/nitrogen fixing, superb wood quality for house post Enhance soil fertility/nitrogen fixing, good for soil stabilization particularly in landslide prone areas, superb wood quality for house post Good for soil erosion control, good source of firewood and light construction materials, good planting material for landscaping in urban areas Good for riverbank stabilization, high sediment retention capacity, house construction Good for riverbank stabilization, enhance soil fertility, light construction materials Good for soil erosion control, light construction materials, seeds are good source for handicrafts making Enhance soil fertility/nitrogen fixing, superb wood quality for furniture Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, superb wood quality for house construction, boat keel Good for soil erosion control, enhance soil fertility, light construction materials Good soil erosion control, house construction Enhance soil fertility/nitrogen fixing, light construction materials, good source for firewood Enhance soil fertility/ nitrogen fixing, superb wood quality for furniture Good for soil erosion control, light construction materials, boat keel Good water retention capacity, light construction materials, boat keel Good for soil stabilization particularly in landslide prone areas, superb wood quality for house post Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, light construction materials, good planting material for landscaping in urban areas Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, superb wood quality for house construction and furniture Good for soil erosion control, good source for fuelwood Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, superb wood quality for house construction and furniture Good for soil erosion control, good material for guitar, wood tiles and stair steps.

Table 2. Shade tolerant local forest tree species recommended in Production, Restoration and Urban Areas with volcanic soils.
Family Name Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae Ebenaceae Fagaceae Sterculiaceae Sterculiaceae Tiliaceae Official Local Name Palosapis Apitong Hairy Apitong Hagakhak Manggachapui Dalingdingan Yakal kaliot Gisok-gisok Bagtikan Almon White Lauan Guijo Yakal-malibato Red Lauan Mayapis Tanguile Kamagong Ulaian Dungon Kulatingan Balobo Scientific Name Anisoptera thurifera Dipterocarpus grandiflorus Dipterocarpus philippinensis Dipterocarpus warburgii Hopea acuminata Hopea foxworthyi Hopea malibato Hopea philippinensis Parashorea malaanonan Shorea almon Shorea contorta Shorea guiso Shorea malibato Shorea negrosensis Shorea palosapis Shorea polysperma Diospyros philippinensis Lithocarpus pruinosa Heritiera sylvatica Pterospermum obliquum Diplodiscus paniculatus Preferred Habitation Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope Environmental and Economic Benefits Windbreaks, fast growing and superb wood quality, can be planted directly in open areas Good for soil erosion control, light construction material, boat keel Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, light construction material, boat keel Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, light construction material, boat keel Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, slow growing hardwood species and superb wood quality Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, slow growing hardwood species and superb wood quality Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, slow growing hardwood species and superb wood quality Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, slow growing hardwood species and superb wood quality Shade trees for abaca, superb wood quality, can be planted directly in open areas, boat keel Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, good wood quality for house construction Shade trees for abaca, good wood quality, can be planted directly in open areas, boat keel Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, slow growing hardwood species Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, superb wood quality used for bridges and other infrastructure Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, superb wood quality Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, good wood quality, can be planted directly in open areas, boat keel Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, superb wood quality Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, slow growing hardwood species, good for furniture and wooden handles Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, good construction material Windbreaks and good for soil stabilization, superb wood quality Good for riverbanks stabilization, good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, good wood quality Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, good construction material

Table 3. Sun demanding forest tree species that efficiently shade out weeds if planted closely.
Family Name Anacardiaceae Anacardiaceae Combretaceae Euphorbiaceae Lecythidaceae Meliaceae Mimosaceae Myricaceae Ulmaceae Official Local Name Dao Lamio Kalumpit Anislag Toog Bagalunga Kariskis Hindang Anabiong Scientific Name Dracontomelon dao Dracontomelon edule Terminalia microcarpa Securinega flexuosa Petersianthus quadrialatus Melia dubia Albizia lebbekoides Myrica javanica Trima orientalis Preferred Habitation Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Environmental and Economic Benefits Good for riverbank stabilization, superb wood quality for furniture Good for riverbank stabilization, good construction Good for riverbank stabilization, light construction Good for storage and water retention capacity, eradicate grasses effectively, superb wood quality for construction Good for soil erosion control and sediment retention, superb wood quality for construction Good for soil erosion control, light construction, Enhance soil fertility, light construction, pioneer, nitrogen fixing Good for storage and water retention, constructions Good for soil erosion control, enhance soil fertility and fuel wood source

Table 4. Sun demanding forest tree species recommended in limestone areas.

Family Name Anacardiaceae Caesalpiniacea Casuarinaceae Combretaceae Euphorbiaceae Fabaceae Meliaceae Moraceae Moraceae Verbenacaea Verbenacaea Official Local Name Dao Ipil Mountain Agoho Kalumpit Anislag Bahai Bagalunga Antipolo Kubi Molave Lingo-lingo Scientific Name Dracontomelon dao Intsia bijuga Casuarina nodiflora Terminalia microcarpa Securinega flexuosa Ormosia calavensis Melia dubia Artocarpus blancoi Artocarpus nitidus Vitex parviflora Vitex turczaninowii Slope gradient Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Environmental and Economic Benefits Good for riverbank stabilization, superb wood quality for furniture Enhance soil fertility, superb wood quality for furniture, nitrogen Enhance soil fertility, house posts, nitrogen fixing Good for riverbank stabilization, light construction, pioneer Good for storage and water retention capacity, eradicate grasses effectively, superb wood quality for construction Good for soil erosion control, light construction materials, seeds are good source for handicrafts making Good for soil erosion control, light construction Good for soil erosion control, good material for house construction, boat keel Good for storage and water retention capacity, good material for house construction Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, superb wood quality for house construction and furniture Good for soil erosion control, good material for guitar, good material for wood tiles and stair steps.

Table 5.Indigenous forest trees recommended for habitat restoration/wildlife conservation with reproductive parts eaten by some animals based on field observations.
Family Name Actinidiaceae Anacardiaceae Anacardiaceae Anacardiaceae Annonaceae Annonaceae Apocynaceae Apocynaceae Apocynaceae Apocynaceae Official Local Name Tagibokbok Lamio Pahutan Abihid Ilang-ilang Lapnisan Batino Dita Bayag-usa Lanete Scientific Name Saurauia leytensis Dracontomelon edule Mangifera altissima Spondias pinnata Cananga odorata Polyalthia oblongifolia Alstonia macrophylla Alstonia scholaris Voacanga globosa Wrightia pubescens Ehretia acuminata Canarium luzonicum Intsia bijuga Cratoxylum formosum Terminalia foetidissima Terminalia microcarpa Terminalia nitens Agelaea borneensis Reproductive part Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Animals Bats, birds/bees Birds/bees Bats, birds, monkeys/bees Birds/bees Birds/bees Birds/bees Birds/bees Birds/bees Birds, monkeys/bees Birds/bees Slope gradient Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Environmental and Economic Benefits Good for soil erooision control, light wood quality materials Good for riverbank stabilization, good construction Good for soil erosion control, light wood quality materials Good for soil erosion control, light wood quality materials Good for soil erosion control, light wood quality materials Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, good wood quality Good for soil erosion control, light wood quality materials Good for soil erosion control, light wood quality materials Good for soil erosion control, light wood quality materials Good for soil erosion control, light wood quality materials good for musical instrument Windbreak and good for soil erosion control, light wood quality materials Good for soil erosion control, light wood quality materials Enhance soil fertility/nitrogen fixing, superb wood quality for furniture Good for soil erosion control, light wood quality materials Good for riverbank stablization, light wood materials Good for riverbank stabilization, light materials for construction Good for soil erosion control, light materials for construction Good for soil erosion control, light materials for construction

Boraginaceae Burseraceae Caesalpiniaceae Clusiaceae Combretaceae Combretaceae Combretaceae Connaraceae

Anonang Piling-liitan Ipil Salingogon Talisay-gubat Kalumpit Sakat Kamag-sa

Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers

Birds/bees Birds/bees Birds/bees Birds/bees Birds/bees Bats, birds/bees Birds/bees Birds/bees

Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope

Dilliaceae Dipterocarpaceae

Katmon Dagang

Dillenia philippinensis Fruit Anisoptera aurea Fruit/flowers

Monkey Wild pig, wild deer, ants/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Birds, wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Birds, wild pig, wild deer/bees Birds, wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild

Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope

Good for soil erosion control, light materials for construction Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, fast growing and light construction Windbreaks, fast growing and superb wood quality, can be planted directly in open areas Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, slow growing and superb wood quality Good for soil erosion control, light construction material, boat keel Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, slow growing and superb wood quality Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, light construction material, boat keel Good for soil erosion control, superb wood quality, construction furniture Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, light construction material, boat keel Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, slow growing hardwood species and superb wood quality Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, medium wood quality for light construction Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, superb wood quality Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, slow growing hardwood species and superb wood quality Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, superb wood quality used for bridges and other infrastructure Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, superb wood quality Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, slow growing hardwood species and superb wood quality Windbreaks and good for soil erosion

Dipterocarpaceae

Palosapis

Anisoptera thurifera

Fruit/flowers

Lower-middle slope

Dipterocarpaceae

Panao

Dipterocarpus gracilis Dipterocarpus grandiflorus Dipterocarpus kerri

Fruit/flowers

Lower-middle slope

Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae

Apitong Malapanao

Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers

Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope

Dipterocarpaceae

Hairy Leafed Apitong

Dipterocarpus philippenensis Dipterocarpus subalpinus Dipterocarpus warburgii Hopea acuminata

Fruit/flowers

Lower-middle slope

Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae

Highland Panao Hagakhak

Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers

Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope

Dipterocarpaceae

Manggachapui

Fruit/flowers

Lower-middle slope

Dipterocarpaceae

Narek

Hopea cagayanensis Hopea faciferoides Hopea foxworthyi

Fruit/flowers

Lower-middle slope

Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae

Yakal-yamban Dalingdingan

Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers

Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope

Dipterocarpaceae

Yakal-kaliot

Hopea malibato

Fruit/flowers

Middle-upper slope

Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae

Yakal-magasusu Gisok-gisok

Hopea mindanensis Hopea philippinensis Hopea plagata

Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers

Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope

Dipterocarpaceae

Yakal-saplungan

Fruit/flowers

Middle-upper slope

deer/bees Dipterocarpaceae Bagtikan Parashorea malaanonan Shorea agsaboensis Shorea almon Fruit/flowers Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Birds, wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Lower-middle slope

control, superb wood quality Shade trees for abaca, superb wood quality, can be planted directly in open areas, boat keel Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, superb wood quality, good for construction & furniture Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, good wood quality for house construction Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, superb wood quality, good for construction & furniture Shade trees for abaca, good wood quality, can be planted directly in open areas, boat keel Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, superb wood quality, good for construction & furniture Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, slow growing hardwood species Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, slow growing hardwood species,good for construction & furniture Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, superb wood quality used for bridges and other infrastructure Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, superb wood quality Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, good wood quality, can be planted directly in open areas, boat keel Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, light wood quality good for door and window frame Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, superb wood quality, good for house construction Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, superb wood quality Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, superb wood quality, good for house construction Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, superb wood quality, good for

Dipterocarpaceae

Tiaong

Fruit/flowers

Lower-middle slope

Dipterocarpaceae

Almon

Fruit/flowers

Lower-middle slope

Dipterocarpaceae

Yakal

Shorea astylosa

Fruit/flowers

Middle-upper slope

Dipterocarpaceae

White Lauan

Shorea contorta

Fruit/flowers

Lower-middle slope

Dipterocarpaceae

Yakal-gisok

Shorea gisok

Fruit/flowers

Middle-upper slope

Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae

Guijo Kalunti

Shorea guiso Shorea kalunti

Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers

Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope

Dipterocarpaceae

Yakal-malibato

Shorea malibato

Fruit/flowers

Middle-upper slope

Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae

Red Lauan Mayapis

Shorea negrosensis Shorea palosapis

Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers

Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope

Dipterocarpaceae

Manggasinoro

Shorea philippinensis Shorea polita

Fruit/flowers

Lower-middle slope

Dipterocarpaceae

Mala-anunang

Fruit/flowers

Lower-middle slope

Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae

Tanguile Malayakal

Shorea polysperma Shorea seminis

Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers

Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope

Dipterocarpaceae

Yakal-mabolo

Shorea siliata

Fruit/flowers

Middle-upper slope

house construction Dipterocarpaceae Blanco Narig Vatica blancoana Fruit/flowers Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Wild pig, wild deer/bees Birds/bees Lower-middle slope Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, medium wood quality for light construction Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, medium wood quality for light construction Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, medium wood quality for light construction Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, medium wood quality for light construction Windbreaks and good for soil erosion control, medium wood quality for light construction Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, superb wood quality for house construction and furniture Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, light wood quality materials Good for soil erosion control, shelter, eradicate grasses effectively, light wood quality materials Good for soil erosion control, shelter, eradicate grasses effectively, light wood quality materials Good for soil erosion control, shelter, eradicate grasses effectively, light wood quality materials Good for soil erosion control, shelter, eradicate grasses effectively, light wood quality materials Good for soil erosion control, shelter, eradicate grasses effectively, light wood quality materials Good for soil erosion control, shelter, eradicate grasses effectively, light wood quality materials Good for storage and water retention capacity, shelter, eradicate grasses effectively, superb wood quality materials for construction Good for soil erosion control, shelter, eradicate grasses effectively, light wood quality materials

Dipterocarpaceae

Kaladis Narig

Vatica elliptica

Fruit/flowers

Lower-middle slope

Dipterocarpaceae

Narig

Vatica manggachapoi Vatica mindanensis

Fruit/flowers

Lower-middle slope

Dipterocarpaceae

Mindanao Narig

Fruit/flowers

Lower-middle slope

Dipterocarpaceae

W. Ford Narig

Vatica whitfordii

Fruit/flowers

Lower-middle slope

Ebenaceae

Bulong-ita

Diospyros pilosanthera Elaeocarpus macranthus Bichofia javanica

Fruit/flowers

Middle-upper slope

Elaeocarpaceae Euphorbiaceae

Bayokbok Tuai

Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers

Birds/bees Birds/bees

Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope

Euphorbiaceae

Gubas

Endospermum petatum Macaranga tanarius Mallutus philippinensis Melanolepis multiglandulosa Neotrewia cumingii

Fruit/flowers

Bats, birds/bees

Middle-upper slope

Euphorbiaceae

Binunga

Fruit/flowers

Birds/bees

Middle-upper slope

Euphorbiaceae

Banato

Fruit/flowers

Birds/bees

Middle-upper slope

Euphorbiaceae

Alim

Fruit/flowers

Birds/bees

Middle-upper slope

Euphorbiaceae

Apanang

Fruit/flowers

Birds/bees

Middle-upper slope

Euphorbiaceae

Anislag

Securinega flexousa

Fruit/flowers

Birds/bees

Middle-upper slope

Euphorbiaceae

Katap

Trigonostemon philippinense

Fruit/flowers

Birds/bees

Middle-upper slope

Mimosaceae Fabaceae Fabaceae Fabaceae Fabaceae

Tanglin Tindalo Ani-i Ulaian Bahai

Adenanthera intermedia Afzelia rhomboidea Erythrina subumbrans Lithocarpus lianossii Ormosia calavensis

Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers

Birds/bees Birds/bees Bats, birds/bees Birds/bees Birds/bees

Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope

Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, light wood quality materials Enhance soil fertility/nitrogen fixing, superb wood quality for furniture Enhance soil fertility/nitrogen fixing, light wood quality for consrtruction Good for soil erosion control, light wood quality materials Good for soil erosion control, light construction materials, seeds are good source for handicrafts making Enhance soil fertility/nitrogen fixing, superb wood quality for furniture Good for soil erosion control, light wood quality materials Good for soil erosion control, good source of firewood and light construction materials, good planting material for landscaping in urban areas Good for soil erosion control, good source of firewood and light construction materials Good for soil erosion control, good source of firewood and light construction materials Good for soil erosion control, shelter, light wood construction materials Good for soil erosion control, good for light construction Good for soil erosion control, good for light construction Good for soil erosion control, good for light construction Good for soil erosion control, good for light construction Good for soil erosion control, good for light construction Good for soil erosion control, light construction Good for soil erosion control, good material for house construction, boat keel Good for soil erosion control, light construction Good for storage and water retention capacity, good material for house

Fabaceae Flacourtiaceae Guttiferae

Narra Pangi Bitanghol

Pterocarpus indicus Pangium edule Callophyllum blancoi

Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers

Birds/bees Monkeys/bees Bats, birds/bees

Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope

Guttiferae

Bitaog

Callophyllum inophyllum Stmonurus luzoniensis Litsea perottetti Kingiodendron alternifolium Samanea saman Wallceodendron celebicum Aglaia edulis Dyxoxylium decandrum Melia dubia Artocarpus blancoi Artocarpus cumingianus Artocarpus nitidus

Fruit/flowers

Bats, birds/bees

Lower-middle slope

Icacinaceae

Mabunot

Fruit/flowers

Birds/bees

Middle-upper slope

Lauraceae Leguminosaceae Leguminosaceae Leguminosaceae Meliaceae Meliaceae Meliaceae Moraceae Moraceae Moraceae

Marang Batete Rain tree Banuyo Malasaging Igyo Bagalunga Antipolo Togup Kubi

Fruit/flowers Flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers

Birds/bees Birds/bees Birds/bees Birds/bees Birds/bees Birds/bees Birds/bees Bats, birds, humans/bees Bats, birds/bees Bats, birds/bees

Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope

construction Moraceae Moraceae Moraceae Moraceae Moraceae Moraceae Moraceae Moraceae Moraceae Moraceae Myristicaceae Myristicaceae Olacaceae Rhyzophoraceae Rosaceae Rubiaceae Gumihan Balite Malatibig Tangisang layugan Kanapay Hagimit Tibig Pakiling Is-is Tangisang bayawak Tanghas Duguan Tamayuan Pagatpat-gubat Lago Bangkal Artocarpus sericicarpus Ficus balete Ficus congesta Ficus latsoni Ficus magnoliifolia Ficus minahassae Ficus nota Ficus odorata Ficus ulmifolia Ficus variegata Myristica elliptica Myristica philippinensis Strombosia philippinensis Carallia brachiata Pygeum vulgare Nauclea orientales Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Bats, birds/bees Bats, birds/bees Bats, birds/bees Birds/bees Birds/bees Bats, birds/bees Bats, birds/bees Bats, birds/bees Bats, birds/bees Birds/bees Birds/bees Bats, birds/bees Bats, birds/bees Birds/bees Birds/bees Bats, birds/bees Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope Good for soil erosion control, light construction materials, boat keel Good for storage and water retention capacity, medicine Good for soil erosion control, light construction Good for storage and water retention capacity, good for soil erosion control Good for storage and water retention capacity, good for soil erosion control Good for storage and water retention capacity, good for soil erosion control Good for storage and water retention capacity, good for soil erosion control Good for storage and water retention capacity, good for soil erosion control Good for storage and water retention capacity, good for soil erosion control Good for storage and water retention capacity, good for soil erosion control Good for soil erosion control, light wood quality for construction Good for soil erosion control, light wood quality for construction Good for soil erosion control, light wood quality for construction Good for soil erosion control, light wood quality for fence construction Good for soil erosion control, light wood quality good for firewood Good for soil erosion control,good for storage and water retention capacity, light wood quality for construction Good for soil erosion control, light construction materials, seeds are good source for handicrafts making Good for soil erosion control, light construction materials Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, superb wood quality for house construction and furniture Good for riverbank stabilization, soil erosion control, light wood construction

Rutaceae

Matang-araw

Melicope triphylla

Fruit/flowers

Birds/bees

Middle-upper slope

Sapindaceae Sapindaceae

Kapulasan Malogai

Nephelium lappaceum Pometia pinnata

Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers

Monkeys, bats, birds, humans Monkeys

Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope

Sapotaceae

Malakmalak

Palaquium philippinense

Fruit/flowers

Birds/bees

Lower-middle slope

materials Sonneratiaceae Loktob Duabanga moluccana Commersonia bartramia Melochia umbellate Pterocymbium tinctorium Pterospermum diversifolium Pterospermum niveum Sterculia crassieramea Diplodiscus paniculatus Grewia multiflora Fruit/flowers Bats, birds/bees Lower-middle slope Good for riverbank stabilization, soil erosion control, good for construction materials Good for riverbanks stabilization, good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, light wood quality for construction Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, good wood quality Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, light wood quality good for matches Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, good wood quality Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, good wood quality Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, light wood quality good for firewood Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, good construction material Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, light wood quality good for firewood Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, light wood quality good for firewood Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, low wood quallity Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, low wood quallity Good for storage and water retention capacity, good for soil erosion control, light wood quality Good for soil erosion control/sediment retention, superb wood quality for house construction and furniture Good for soil erosion control, good material for guitar, good material for wood tiles and stair steps.

Sterculiaceae

Banitlong

Fruit/flowers

Birds/bees

Lower-middle slope

Sterculiaceae Sterculiaceae

Labayo Taluto

Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers

Birds/bees Bats, birds/bees

Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope

Sterculiaceae Sterculiaceae Sterculiaceae

Bayok Bayok-bayokan Malapapaya

Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers

Birds/bees Birds/bees Birds/bees

Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope

Tiliaceae Tiliaceae

Balobo Danglin

Seeds Flowers

Animals Birds/bees

Middle-upper slope Middle-upper slope

Ulmaceae

Malaikmo

Celtis philippinensis Laportea brunea Trema orientalis Leucosyke capilellata Vertix parviflora

Fruit/flowers

Birds/bees

Middle-upper slope

Ulmaceae Ulmaceae Urticaceae

Lingatong Anabiong Alagasi

Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers Fruit/flowers

Birds/bees Birds/bees Bats, birds/bees

Middle-upper slope Lower-middle slope Middle-upper slope

Verbenaceae

Molave

Fruit/flowers

Birds/bees

Lower-middle slope

Verbenaceae

Lingo-lingo

Vertix turczaninowii

Fruit/flowers

Birds/bees

Lower-middle slope