L026 - Madinah Arabic Language Course

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Lesson 26 . = - | ..| _=|
Composite Number (B) .=-| .'

Introduction - -`= -
We learnt in lesson 19 and lesson 20 the numbers from 1 to ten as applied for masculine and feminine
numbered nouns.
In this lesson we will learn the numbers from 11 to 19 In-Sh-Allh (God willing). The topics that
will be covered include:
The numbers ( = - = -|) "aada ashar" (eleven) and (=- ) "ithn ashar"
(twelve) in a special section, and the special rules relating to these numbers.
After that we will cover the numbers from (=- -:) "thalthata ashar" (thirteen) to
( = - - - . ) "tisata ashar" (nineteen).
We will answer some questions relating to the numbers, such as:
What are the situations in which a number will be masculine or feminine?
Are numbers declinable or indeclinable?
The ending of the numbered noun .= - ' , =v (the name comes after a
number)
Below we will cover some examples. Read the examples carefully and then study the rules that
follow in future sections:
Number With masculine With feminine
\\
- =-| = - . = | =- = - ; = - , . = |
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1 of 4 24/03/2010 10:37
"'a aada ashar ustdhan"
Eleven professors came
"'at id ashrata ustdhatan"
Eleven lady professors came
\
.. = - = = , -
"Dhahaba ithn ashar muhandisan"
Twelve engineers went out
. , . = - - = = , -
"Dhahabat ithnat ashrat muhandisatan"
Twelve lady engineers went out
. , | _ _ = - = = , -
"ra'aytu ithnai ashara muhandisan"
I saw twelve engineers
.,|_ _ = - - = = , -
"raaytu ithnatai ashrata muhandisatan"
I saw twelve lady engineers
\
= | -: = - , ||
"fil-fali thalthata shara liban"
Thirteen students are in the class
= = - =: = - - =`_ = -
" aarat thaltha ashrata mudarrisatan"
Thirteen lady teachers attended
\.
= | | - - , _| = - ,
" qaratu arbaata ashara kitban"
I read fourteen books
=| | _ , _| = - -= |
"qaratu arbaa ashrata qiatan"
I read fourteen stories
\
= - , . - - _ - . - = - - , ,
"raatu bada khamsata ashara
yawman"
I came back after fifteen days
. - = - - - =
"nimtu khamsa ashrata satan"
I slept for fifteen hours
\
. , . - = = - , . . , . . = = - - - - .
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"dhabatu sitta ashara dkan"
I slaughtered sixteen roosters
"dhabatu sitta ashrata daaatan"
I slaughtered sixteen hens
\v
= , - . - - , = = - - .
"daawtu sabata ashara duan"
I invoked seventeen supplications
. , = _ , = = - - - _
"allaitu saba ashrata rakatan"
I prayed seventeen Rak'ahs
\t
= - ` = - , - = - , = =
"muammadun indahu thamniyata
ashara adqan"
Muhammad has eighteen friends
= - - | _ = - - , = =
"Fatimatu indah thamni ashrata
adqatan"
Fatimah has eighteen friends
\
- =| = - - . = - - , ,
"hdh a-iflu umruh tisata ashara
yawman"
This child is nineteen days old
- = | ,| = _ . = - - =
"hdh al-waladu umruh tisa ashrata
sanatan"
This boy is nineteen years old
We will also learn the numbers from 20 to 99, which include two parts: (1) decade
numbers (i.e. 20, 30,90) and (2) the other numbers:-
. ,| _ , = - = , - .,: : - _
"ra'aytu ishriin baladan"
I saw twenty countries
"'a thalathn raulan"
Thirty men came
The composite number may include two numbers connected with the () (and):-
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., | _ _ , = - = , - ` = - ., : :-_
"ra'aytu ithnai[n] wa ishrn baladan"
I saw twenty-two countries
"'a widun wa thalthn raulan"
Thirty-one men came

Madinaharabic.com - Arabic Language Course
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Flashcards Tests
Lesson 26 . = - | ..| _=|

Numbers 11 and 12
In this part we will learn the two numbers = - = -| "aada ashara" (eleven) and = -
"ithn ashara" (twelve), as they are similar to each other with the exception of declension.
Before we consider the gender of the number, we need to understand the gender of the noun that is
being referred to. If the noun is feminine then the number will also be feminine, likewise with the
masculine noun / masculine number. To change the number = -| "aada" to feminine ;= -,
"id" we can add the long vowel Alif (alif maqrah) _,=- .|| to the word ending, and
change the initial Hamzah to be signed with kasrah (,), and to change the sign of the medial (H)
from the fatah to the sukn to become ;= -, "id". The number "ithn" can be made
feminine by adding the letter = "t" to be "ithnat".
The number should be identical with the numbered noun (that comes after the number) in gender
(masculine and feminine). For example:
- =-| = - . = |
'a aada ashara ustdhan
Eleven professors came
The number here is masculine because the numbered noun after it is masculine.
But we say:
=- ;=-, =- . = |
'at ida ashrata ustdhatan
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Eleven lady professors came.
The number here is feminine because the numbered noun is feminine.
The same applies to the number = - "ithn ashara" (twelve). For example:
.. =- = = , -
Dhahaba ithn ashara muhandisan
Twelve engineers went out.
The number here is masculine because the numbered noun after it is masculine.
But we say:
. , . = - - = = , -
Dhahabat ithnata ashrata muhandisatan
Twelve female engineers went out.
The number here is feminine because the numbered noun is feminine.
We will now cover the number ( = - = -|) "aada ashara" (eleven) in more detail In-Sh-Allh
(God-willing).
The word-ending of the two words = -| "aada" and ;= -, "ida" are -, , - "mabniyah", i.e. static
or indeclinable in all cases of grammar this means that they do not change their endings in
nominative, accusative or genitive case. Let us look at some examples below to illustrate this
point:
Case: Transliteration: English: Arabic:
The nominative case
Umri aada
ashara man
I am eleven years old.
- = - | = - - -
The accusative case
Ra'aytu ida
ashrata bintan
I saw eleven girls.
. , | _ ;=-, = - ,
The genitive case
Askunu maa aada
ashara liban
I live with eleven
students.
_ - = | = - | = - , | |
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We will now cover the number =- "ithna ashar" (twelve) in more detail In-Sh-Allh
(God-willing).
The two words "ithna" (masc.) and "ithnata" (fem.) are dual nouns. In the nominative
case, we say "ithna" and "ithnata" while in the accusative and genitive cases we say _
"ithnai" and _ "ithnatai":
Case: Transliteration: English: Arabic:
The nominative case
(masculine)
a ithna ashara
liban
Twelve students came.
- = - , | |
The nominative case
(feminine)
at ithnata
ashrata libatan
Twelve female
students came.
=- =- - , ||
The accusative case
(masculine)
Ra'aytu ithnai
ashara liban
I saw twelve students.
_ . , | _ = - , ||
The accusative case
(feminine)
Ra'aytu ithnatai
ashrata libatan
I saw twelve female
students.
. ,| _ _ = - - , | |
The genitive case for the number twelve will take the same form as the example in the table above
for accusative case.

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Flashcards Tests
Lesson 26 . = - | ..| _=|

Exercise - ` ., _ =
In this part of the lesson, we will test the knowledge that we have learnt in this lesson so far.
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions. Please click on the correct option for
each question below. Upon completion, click on the Mark button to see the correct answers and to
obtain your mark.
In this exercise you will not be given the meaning of sentences, please visit the earlier parts of the
lesson to learn the meanings if necessary.
Mark Reset
Question 1
= - |
. |=| | |
= - ........
= _ .
The student read
eleven lessons
; = -,
Question 2

...... = | ,| ;
- - = = -
The boy slept twelve
hours
_
Question 3
= -
.| _, . , .
...... = - | _ -
, -v
I went to the
sporting club with
eleven players
= -
Question 4
= -
_- _ - | . - -
- , = =...... _
My sister went out
with twelve friends
= -
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Question 5
. = |
= - | _ - _ - | _ .
..... = -
My brother studied
with eleven ....
` , - -
Question 6
- =`_ = -
_ - _ - | . -
..... = - _
My sister learnt with
twelve ...
- - -
Mark Reset

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Flashcards Tests
Lesson 26 . = - | ..| _=|

Numbers from 13 to 19- = - - - . _ |, = - - : - . = - v
In this section we will study the numbers from 13 to 19. These numbers have the same rules,
therefore we will study them in one section In-Sh-Allh (God-willing).
The composite numbers from 13 to 19 e.g. ( = - - : ) "thalathata ashara" (thirteen) - are
composed of two parts. The gender of each part depends on the gender of the noun that is being
referred to. The first part is always opposite to the gender of the noun, and the second part is
the same gender as the numbered noun.
The first part may be feminine (-:) "thalathata" (three) or may be masculine (=:) "thalatha".
The second part may also be feminine ( = -) "ashrata" (ten) or may be masculine ( = -)
"ashara" (ten). As above, the rule we apply here is related to the noun (that comes after the
number). Here are some examples:
Transliteration: English: Arabic:
Fil-fal thalathata ashara
liban
There are thirteen students
in the class.
= | -: = - , ||
aarat thalathu ashrata
mudarrisatan
Thirteen lady teachers
attended.
= = - =: = - - =`_ = -
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Dhabatu sittata ashara
diikan
I slaughtered sixteen
roosters.
. , . - = = - , .

Hdha al-waladu umruhu
tisa ashrata sanatan
This boy (young man) is
nineteen years old.

- = | ,| = _ . = - - =

In these examples, the first part of the number is opposite in gender to the numbered noun, while
the second part is similar to it.
Now we will explain the word-ending of the number and the numbered noun.
The two parts of the composite number for numbers from 13 to 19 e.g. ( =- -:)
"thalathata ashara" (thirteen) - have a fixed vowel, namely (-) short vowel Fata, at
the end of both parts.
The numbered noun in this case always ends with a (-) short vowel Fata. Take the
following examples:
_ , | _ , = = - - -
Fi qaryati saba ashrata ilatan
There are seventeen families in our village.
_ = - . - = - , = =
Fi fali tisata ashara adiiqan
I have nineteen friends in the class.
[Note that the "n" at the end of ilatan and adiiqan is the (,,) Tanwn (nunation; the
root to pronounce the letter N), but both words end with the short vowel Fata]

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Flashcards Tests
Lesson 26 . = - | ..| _=|

Exercise - ` ., _ =
obtain your mark.
Mark Reset
Question 1
- , ,
=: =>| ;
..... = -
Ahmed slept
thirteen......
-- =
, =
- ,
Question 2
= - -
. , = |
- ,,.........
,_,
I spent fifteen days
in Paris
= - - . -
= - - . -
= - -
Question 3
= - _ , _ |
- | ..... _`- |
My mother has .....
brothers
= - ;= -,
= -
= - - :
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Mark Reset

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Flashcards Tests
Lesson 26 . = - | ..| _=|

Exercise - ` ., _ =
In this section we will have multiple questions to test your understanding of the principles we have
learnt In-Sh'-Allh (God willing).
Click () under the correct option related to each of the following sentences. Upon completing all
the questions, click on the Mark button to see the correct answers and obtain your mark.
= - ,, | ` _, = - , v | |
The sentence above says: "Which sentences of the following are correct and which are incorrect?
Mark Reset
Answer Options
Sentences
True
` _, =
False
= -

- - _ = - _ , = , . ' _ = ,
Muslim prays seventeen Rak'ah

, | = - - . - - _ , , ., ,
My house consists of fifteen floors
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- = = - - - . - _ , = =
My friend, his age is nineteen years

, , - = - _ _ , ,
The price of my dress is eightteen
pounds
Mark Reset

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Flashcards Tests
Lesson 26 . = - | ..| _=|

Numbers (20, 30, 40 etc.) - .,-| =||
There are numbers in the Arabic language that are called (.,-| =||) "alfaah al-uquud" (20,
30, 40 etc.):
Numbers in letters (accusative or
genitive case)
Numbers in letters
(nominative case)
Numbers in digits
,=-
ishriina
. = -
ishruun
20
-
_:
thalathiin
.,:
thalathuun
30
-
_-,_|
arbaiin
.,-,_|
arbauun
40
.-
_.> .,.>
50
-
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khamsiin khamsuun
_=
sittiin
.,=
sittuun
60
-
_-,=
sabiin
.,-,=
sabuun
70
v-
_s
thmniin
.,sthmnuun 80
t-
_-.
tisiin
.,- .
tisuun
90
-
Alfaah al-uquud are declinable, to which the rules of (,.| =' _<) "amu mudhakkar
slim" (regular masculine plural) are applied. They always end with (.,.) "-uun" or (_.) "-iin"
according to their position in the sentence. Here are some examples:
English: Transliteration: Arabic:
Twenty Muslims came a ishruun musliman
- . = - . -
The Muslims came a al-muslimuun
., . ' -
The Muslim came a al-muslimu
, . ' -
I saw twenty Muslims Ra'aytu ishriin musliman
. , | _ , = - . -
I saw the Muslims Ra'aytu al-muslimiin
. , | _ _ . '
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I saw the Muslim Ra'aytu al-muslima
, . ' . , | _
I live with twenty Muslims
Askunu maa ishriin
musliman
_ - = | , = - . -
I live with the Muslims Askunu maa al-muslimiin
_ - = | _ . '
I live with the Muslim Askunu maa al-muslimi
, . ' _- = |
Sometimes a composite number consists of two numbers connected with (wa and), such as:
These are twenty-one teachers
v ` = - .= - .=|
Huli widun wa ishruun ustdhan
These are twenty-one lady teachers
v ; = -, . = - .=|
Huli ida wa ishruun ustdhatan
I read twenty-five books
= | | - . - , = - ,
Qaratu khamsatan wa ishruun kitban
My friend read twenty-seven stories
_, = = _ . - , = , = - -= |
Darasa adiiqi saban wa ishriin qissatan
The price of my clothes is fifty-five pounds.
, _ , , - . _ . - , , -
Thawbi bikhamsatin wa khamsiin unaihan
I wrote the lesson in twenty-two papers.
_=| . , _ ,= - - | _
Katabtu ad-darsa fi ithnataini wa ishriin waraqatan
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I have twenty-two garments.
= - . .= - ,, -
Indi ithnn wa ishriina ilbban
We notice here that the first number before ( ) "wa" (and) is similar to the numbers 1 and 2, as we
studied in the previous part. This means that numbers (=-) "wid" (one) and (.) "ithnn"
(two) should be masculine or feminine according to the numbered noun. For example, the numbers
in the following sentences are masculine because the numbered noun in each is masculine:
v ` = - .= - .=|
Huli widun wa ishruuna ustadhan
These are twenty-one teachers.
= - . . = - , , -
indi ithnni wa ishruun ilbban
I have twenty-two garments.
The numbers in the following sentences are feminine because the numbered noun in each is
feminine:
v ; = -, .= - .=|
Huli ida wa ishruuna ustadhatan
These are twenty-one lady teachers.
_=| . , _ ,= - - | _
Katabtu ad-darsa fi ithnatayni wa ishriin waraqatan
I wrote the lesson in twenty-two papers.
As a revision of lessons 19 and 20 - we have already learnt that the numbers from 3 to 9 should be
opposite to the numbered noun, i.e. the first part should be masculine if the numbered noun is
feminine. For example:
_, = = _ . - , = , = - -= |
Darasa adiiqi saban wa ishriin qiatan
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My friend studied twenty-seven stories.
Alternatively, the first part should be feminine if the numbered noun is masculine. For example:
_ , , - . , _ . - , , -
Thawbi bikhamsatin wa khamsiin unayhan
(I bought) my garment (for) fifty-five pounds.
Note: the numbered noun after the decade numbers is always singular and in the accusative case
(mansb =,=-) (ending, originally, with the short fatah, a). For example:
Male professor/teacher
.=|
Ustdhan
Female professor/teacher
.=|
Ustdhatan
Book
,
Kitban
Story
-= |
Qiatan
Pound
, , -
unayhan
Paper
- | _
Waraqatan
Long garment (for men and women)
,, -
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ilbban

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Flashcards Tests
Lesson 26 . = - | ..| _=|

Exercise - ` ., _ =
obtain your mark.
Mark Reset
Question 1
, ||
;,,| =-
........=-
Today, twenty
students attended
,: |
Question 2
:
== _| -
-,- = _=,
,,=
-= _=.......
Prophet Muhaamd
(P.B.U.H) lived sixty
...... years
- :
Question 3
,=-
=| _-
Question 4
_:
..... ., =|
,,-
The book is ......
pounds
-:
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..... - . -
|
On the tree, there
are twenty five
birds
.=-
Question 5
_,_|
- ;,,| .,,
,=-..............
--=
The day consists of 24
hours
-,_|
Question 6
.=|
` _,= _=_=-
.......=-
In my school, there
are 27 teachers
.=|
Mark Reset

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Flashcards Tests
Lesson 26 . = - | ..| _=|

Exercise - ` ., _ =
learnt In-Sh'-Allh (God willing). To answer the questions:
o Type the complete answer for the following questions by selecting the question and using the
on-screen keyboard or your actual keyboard.
o Use the Shift key to enter characters on the upper portions of the letters and use full
diacritics in your answers e.g. fathah, kasrah, sukn etc.
o Do not use diacritics in the following cases:
The Alif followed by laam , (while the laam itself can be signed with a vowel)
The laam followed by alif v (while the Alif itself can be signed when it comes with
hamzah).
Do not put the small Alif on words like =.
Do not put diacritics on long vowels.
o Upon completion of all questions, click on the Mark button to see the correct answer and to
get your mark.
For more instructions click here.
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=, - . = - _ | , ,|| ,`, -
The Arabic sentence above means " changes each number from the digital form into words". In
each of the sentences below simply type the words using the keyboard including the vowel-marks
which have been omitted.
Mark Reset
= ,,-
These are 23 pounds
_,- - ,
In my library, are thirty books
. = - -,,
I fasted 30 days
=|| - -=|
I read 20 stories
= _, ,,-
My dress is 75 pounds
Mark Reset

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Flashcards Tests
Lesson 26 . = - | ..| _=|

Hundreds and thousands =,|v ='
The last lesson in the composite number is the numbers of hundreds and thousands, as follows:
500
-. -
khamsumiah
400
--,_|
arbaumiah
300
-s:
thalthmiah
200
. -
miatn
100
- -
miah
1000
.||
alf
900
- - .
tisumiah
800
-
thamnimiah
700
- - , =
sabumiah
600
- =
sittumiah

5000
=v - . -
khamsatu alf
4000
=v - - , _ |
arbaatu alf
3000
=v - :
thalthatu alf
2000
. | |
alfn
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9000
=v - - .
tisatu alf
8000
=v - ,
thamnitu alf
7000
=v - - , =
sabatu alf
6000
=v - =
sittatu alf
These numbers are declinable on the short vowels of declension based on their case e.g.:
Short fatah a in accusative case
short kasrah i in genitive case
short ammah u in nominative case
Sign of declension Sentence and numbers
,, -=|, g,-
Ending in short ammah (u)
- -- - _
a miatu raulin
One hundred men came.
,, -|, =,=-
Ending in short fatah (a)
. , | _ - - - _
Raaytu miata raulin
I saw one hundred men.
,,.|, _=
Ending in short kasrah (i)
_- . ,. -- - _
Dhahabtu maa miati raulin
I went out with one hundred men.
The short vowels (ammah, fatah and kasrah) appear on the first part of the composite numbers
from 300 (thalthumiah) to 900 (tisumiah), such as ( =: ) "thalth" (three), ( _ , _ |) "arba"
(four), ( -) "khams" (five), (_ . ) "tis" (nine), etc, and the second part (--) "miah"
(hundred) always ends with the short vowel kasrah "i", for example:
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,,.|, _=
- | | = v ;:=, =
- ; -
Istamarra al-Islam fi al-andalus akthara min
thamni-miati min
Islam continued in Andalusia more than eight
hundred years.
,, -|, =,=-
; , ,| = | | - - , _ | -`=| - . , ,
Qaratu al-yawma arbaa-miati baytin min
ash-shir
I read four hundred lines of verse today.
,, -=|, g,-
- - : ,-| _, - _
Haara thalthu-miati raulun ila amriica
Three hundred men emigrated to America.
Numbers 1000 "alf", 2000 "alfn", 3000 "thalthatu alf", etc., have the same rules of tens
numbers 100, 200, 300, etc. For example:
,, -=|, g,-
- . | | - _
a alfu raulin
One thousand men came.
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,, -|, =,=-
. , | _ . | | - _
Raaytu alfa raulin
I saw one thousand men.
,,.|, _=
_- . ,. . | | - _
Dhahabtu maa alfi raulin
I went out with one thousand men.
,, -=|, g,-
- =v - : ,-| _, - _
Haara thalthatu alfi raulun ila amriica
Three thousand men emigrated to America.
,, -|, =,=-
; , ,| = | | - : =v -`=| - . , ,
Qaratu al-yawma thalthata alfi baytin min
ash-shir
I read three thousand lines of verse today.
,,.|, _=
- | _ _ - : =v - , -
Rtibi aktharu min thalthati alfi unayhin
My salary is over three thousand pounds.
Note: the numbered noun after numbers of hundreds and thousands is always singular and marr
(_=) (ending with the short kasrah i).

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Flashcards Tests
Lesson 26 . = - | ..| _=|

Exercise - ` ., _ =
obtain your mark.
Mark Reset
Question 1
;-
-- `= - -
.....
My grandfather
lived hundred .....
; , - |
- -
- =
Question 2
- . -
. , _ . , =
- , - .......
I bought my phone
with .....pounds
- . -
- . -
- . -
Question 3
=, , -
. | | _ = _ -,
.....
The rent of my flat
is one thausand .....
, , -
` =, , -
- , -
Question 4
- :
,-| . = _ .
- ......
I studied in the
dictionary .....
words
- :
- :
- :
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Mark Reset

2 of 2 24/03/2010 10:38
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Flashcards Tests
Lesson 26 . = - | ..| _=|

Exercise - ` ., _ =
learnt In-Sh'-Allh (God willing). To answer the questions:
o Type the complete answer for the following questions by selecting the question and using the
on-screen keyboard or your actual keyboard.
o Use the Shift key to enter characters on the upper portions of the letters and use full
diacritics in your answers e.g. fathah, kasrah, sukn etc.
o Do not use diacritics in the following cases:
The Alif followed by laam , (while the laam itself can be signed with a vowel)
The laam followed by alif v (while the Alif itself can be signed when it comes with
hamzah).
Do not put the small Alif on words like =.
Do not put diacritics on long vowels.
o Upon completion of all questions, click on the Mark button to see the correct answer and to
get your mark.
For more instructions click here.
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=, - . = - _ | , , || ,`, -
The Arabic sentence above means "change each number from the digital form into words". In each
of the sentences below simply type the words using the keyboard including the vowel-marks which
have been omitted.
Mark Reset
, g-v = - - , || ,
50 students attended the meeting
, _- . . - =, = = ,
I sat with six female friends
, _| __ \ = , ,
My father visited 13 countries
, - | =, - - - - - ,
In my country, are more than twenty
universities
, _ = . ' , , | | , ,
=,, , |
In the hospital, are 5 male doctors
and 5 female doctors
, =- =- --- - _ ,
In the war, 3000 men died
, ., _ . ,: - . , = -- - , - ,
I bought my clothes with 500 pounds
, .,|_ \\ : - _ ,
I saw 11 men
, _=| = - \ -, | | ,
12 female students attended the
lesson
, .v - -- ,
My age now is 25 years
Mark Reset

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Flashcards Tests
Lesson 26 . = - | ..| _=|

Revision - - - - -
Vocabulary Revision = . | - - - -
Units of Ten
numbers
.,-| =||
Slaughtered
. , .
My salary
_ _
Rooster
, .
Emigrated
-
Invoked
= , - .
Rent
_ -,
Engineer
= , -
Line of verse
-`=| - ` . , ,
Club
.|
Died
=-
Family
- -
Attended
= -
Stayed
. , = |
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Live
= |
Floor
, |
Meeting
g-v
Pray
_ = ,
War
=-
Rakah
- - _
Cow
,
Paper
- | _
Field
-
Garment
,, -
Dictionary
,-|
Fasted
. =
Continued
=
Now that you have covered this lesson, please also try some of the additional features we have
including:
o Discussion Forum Discuss the grammatical topics learnt and any areas of confusion.
o Vocabulary Flashcards Practice your vocabulary by category.
o Questions Flashcards Practice questions related to the grammatical topics covered in the
lessons.
We will be updating the features above to help you throughout the course In-Sh-Allh (God
willing).

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L026 - Madinah Arabic Language Course

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L026 - Madinah Arabic Language Course

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