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Agenda
MSC.Nastran optimization overview Airframe Sizing Application Model tuning and test / analysis
correlation Detailed panel design
Objective Function:
Minimize F(X)
e.g., weight
Subject to:
Inequality constraints:
Gj (X) < 0 j = 1,2,.,L Design Criteria and margins Side constraints: XiL < Xi < XiU i = 1,2,.,N Gage allowables
Structural Structural Response Response Analysis Analysis Constraint Constraint Screening Screening
Optimizer Optimizer
Many Times
One time around the loop is referred to as a design cycle or design iteration.
General Functions
Solution Sequence
SOL 200 Analysis Types supported Statics Normal Modes Buckling Direct Frequency Response Modal Frequency Response Modal Transient Response Static Aeroelastic Aeroelastic flutter Direct and Modal Complex Eigenvalue
Types of Optimization
MSC.Nastran supports the following two
classes of optimization: Sizing optimization (e.g., thickness of plate,
cross sectional areas of stiffeners, etc.) Shape optimization (e.g., optimizing the largest allowable size of a hole in a plate.) Shape and sizing optimization can be performed simultaneously
Specific Applications
Airframe Sizing Process Test / Analysis Correlation Detailed Panel Design
Airframe Sizing
SOL 200 used extensively for
airframe sizing at Boeing, Lockheed, Fairchild-Dornier and others Recent Examples Boeing Sonic Cruiser Boeing 7E7 (ongoing) Lockheed F-35 FD 728/928 series regional aircraft
Airframe Sizing
Typically Multi-disciplinary
Statics Flutter Performance/Control Effectiveness
(static aeroelasticity)
Airframe Sizing
Objective
Weight Minimization Design Variables Thicknesses, areas, offsets Cross-section properties and
dimensions
MSC.Nastran supports defining beam crosssections by defining dimensions of standard section types (ROD, RECT,TUBE,CHAN,etc.) User can define additional section types that are not provided by MSC
Airframe Sizing
Typical Constraints
Stress and force (DRESP1) Panel Buckling (DRESP3) Design criteria calculations (DRESP2 or
DRESP3) Manufacturability criteria (DRESP2 or DRESP3) Flutter damping values (DRESP1) Performance rates and effectiveness (e.g. roll rate and roll effectiveness) (DRESP1 or DRESP2)
Design of Experiment
Reference 2: Fairchild-Dornier
Multidisciplinary Design Optimization Of A Regional
Aircraft Wing Box. G. Schuhmacher, I. Murra, L. Wang, A. Laxander, O.J. OLeary. 9th AIAA Symposium on Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization, September, 2002. Paper: AIAA 2002 5406
ai - ti 2 wt i ( ) ai
ai = ith analysis response ti = ith test response Wti = ith weighting factor Responses can be displacements, accelerations, frequencies or any computed response (DRESP1, DRESP2 or DRESP3)