Incised wound - Edges clean-cut, regular and wel-defined.

- No swelling or contusion around the incised wound - Extremities of the wound sharp or may be round or contused. - Examination by means of a magnifying lens shows that hair bulbs are cut. - Healing faster - Scar linear or spindle-shape - Caused by sharp-edged instrument Lacerated wounds Edges, roughly cut, irregular and ill-defined There is swelling and contusion around the lacerated wound Extremities of the wound ill-defined and irregular Examination with a magnifying with a magnifying lens shows that the hair bulbs are preserved. - Healing delayed - Scar irregular - Caused by blunt instrument OPEN WOUNDS 1. Abrasion it is an injury characterized by the removal of the superficial epithelial layer of the skin brought about by friction against a hard rough surface. 2. Incised wound this is produced by forcible contact of the body with sharp-edged instrument. 3. Stab wound stab wound is produced by the penetration of sharp-pointed instrument 4. Punctured wound brought about by sharp pointed instrument 5. Lacerated wound is tear of the skin due to the forcible contact with a blunt instrument. Types of wounds A. Superficial close wounds: 1. PETECHIAE these are circumscribed extravasation of blood in the subcutaneous tissue or underneath the mucous membrane. 2. CONTUSSION is a wound not on the surface of the skin but in the substance of the true skin and in the subcutaneous cellular tissue. 3. HEMATOMA is the extravasation of blood in a newly formed cavity. It is sometimes called blood tumor. B. Deep close wounds: 1. FRACTURE is the sudden solution of continuity of a bone, resulting from violence or from some existing pathology. 2. SPRAIN is a subcutaneous separation or tearing Distinction between gunshot wound of entrance and wound of exit Entrance Appears to be smaller than the missile owning to elasticity of the tissue Edges inverted Usually oval or round depending upon the angle of approach of the bullet Contusion collar or contact ring present, due to invagination of the sin and spinning of the missle Tattooing or smudging may be present when firing is near Underlying tissues not protruding Always present after fire Paraffin test may be positive Exit wound Always bigger than the missile Edges inverted Do not manifest any definite shape Contusion collar absent Always absent Underlying tissues may be seen protruding from the wound May be absent if missile is lodged in the body Paraffin test is always negative