Indicative life expectancy for building services plant, equipment and systems

Equipment item Indicative Life (years) Boiler plant Shell and tube boilers (steam and HTHW) Water tube boilers (steam and HTHW) Electrode/electric boilers (steam and HTHW) Shell and tube boilers (MTHW/LTHW) Water tube boilers (MTHW/LTHW) Electrode/electric boilers (MTHW/LTHW) Cast iron sectional boilers (MTHW/LTHW) Steel boilers (MTHW/LTHW) Condensing boilers (MTHW/LTHW) Refrigeration plant medium to large Centrifugal chiller Reciprocating chiller Screw chiller Absorption chiller Open type cooling towers Plastic coated metal cooling tower of plastic coating Galvanised metal cooling tower galvanising Timber constructed cooling tower which can extend life Ceramic cooling tower Plastic constructed cooling tower Epoxy treated metal cooling tower Stainless steel cooling tower stainless steel External heat rejection for refrigeration plant Air cooled condensers Evaporative condensers Air blast dry air coolers plastic coated metal of plastic coating Air blast dry air coolers galvanised metal Air blast dry air coolers epoxy treated metal Boiler plant auxiliaries Oil storage tanks external protection Oil storage tanks underground Combustion controls Boiler electrodes Feed pumps Water treatment Atmospheric gas burners Forced air gas burners Oil burners Solid fuel handling plant High temperature fans Instrumentation Oil distribution system for boiler plant Gas distribution system for boiler plant Mild steel flue Stainless steel flue Brick or concrete chimney external Brick or concrete chimney internal Steel chimney external Water tanks Cast iron water cisterns Mild steel (treated) water cisterns Plastic water cisterns Galvanised metal water cisterns 20 25 25 20 25 25 25 15 15 15 20 20 20 25 12 10 35 20 15 30 Water treatment is very important Water treatment is very important Water treatment is very important Remarks

See note 1 See note 1 See note 1

Consider thickness, bonding and quality Consider thickness and quality of Consider quality of timber preservation

Consider thickness and quality of plastic Consider quality and thickness of

20 20 25 20 20 20 15 12 8 15 15 15 12 12 15 15 10 15 20 15 20 40 50 30 35 15 35 12

Consider thickness, bonding and quality Consider thickness and quality of galvanising

Depends on thickness of metal and corrosion protection Depends on thickness of metal and corrosion protection

Conveyor system up to 20 years

Depends on thickness of metal and corrosion protection Check quality of stainless steel

Depends on thickness of metal and corrosion protection

Not for domestic or drinking water purposes High quality structural support is necessary

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Ductwork systems and components Ductwork (galvanised) Ductwork (plastic) need to be considered Ductwork (flexible circular) considered also cleaning difficulties Fans (heavy duty centrifugal) Fans (centrifugal) Fans (axial) Fans (propeller) Fans (roof mounted units) Fire dampers: curtain type Coils (copper fins) heating Coils (copper fins) cooling Coils (aluminium fins) heating aluminium fins and exposure to adverse external conditions Coils (aluminium fins) cooling aluminium fins and exposure to adverse and wet external conditions Coils (galvanised) heating Spray cooler coils (copper electro-tinned) and washers Eliminators (galvanised) Eliminators (plastic) Eliminators (stainless steel) Coils (electric) Thermal wheels Filters (automatic) excluding media Filters (panel) excluding media Filters (electrostatic) Filters (activated carbon) excluding media Grilles and diffusers (anodised aluminium) Grilles and diffusers (painted metal) Plate recuperator Dampers manual Dampers automatic Steam humidifier (direct) Steam humidifier (electric generated) Water spray humidifier Pan type humidifier Chemical dehumidifiers (excluding medium) External louvres (anodised aluminium) possible breakdown of surface coating External louvres (steel painted) Attenuators of acoustic material Packaged air handling/conditioning units (internal) Packaged air handling/conditioning units (external) Air conditioning terminal units Fan coil units (heating and cooling) Induction units Terminal reheat units VAV terminal units (bellows type) VAV terminal units (box type) Double duct terminal units Chilled ceiling panels depending on type -10 years Chilled beams depending on type -10 years Ventilated ceilings VRV units VVT fan powered terminal units Split systems Heating terminal units Radiators (cast iron) Radiators (steel) Radiators (2 mm thick steel) Radiators aluminium

30 20 20 25 20 20 15 15 12 25 25 15 15 12 15 10 15 20 10 15 15 20 15 15 25 30 20 20 15 10 8 12 10 15 25 20 25 20 15 15 20 20 15 15 15 25 20 25 10 15 10

Mechanical damage and expansion Mechanical damage needs to be

Consider operational duty wet surfaces Consider quality and thickness of Consider quality and thickness of

Maintenance is very important Maintenance is very important Early signs of corrosion must be dealt with Early signs of corrosion must be dealt with Regular cleaning is important to avoid Early signs of corrosion must be dealt with Consider type of lining, adhesive and fixing

Consider type of corrosion protection

Flexible water pipework connections Flexible water pipework connections

25 15 Water condition is important 20 Water condition is important 20 Water condition is important and materials in system

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Radiator painting Unit heaters (steam and hot water) Unit heaters (gas and electric) Radiant heaters (steam and hot water) Radiant heaters (electric) Fan coil units (heating only) Natural convectors water Natural convectors electric Underfloor heating with concrete encased steel pipes obtained corrosion prevention of steel pipes Underfloor heating with concrete encased plastic pipes is obtained consider quality of plastic pipes Underfloor electric heating Ceiling heating (hot water) Ceiling heating (electric) Electric storage heaters Pipework systems and components Open pipework systems (steel) Closed pipework systems (steel) Open pipework systems (copper) Closed pipework systems (copper) Open pipework systems (steel galvanised) Closed pipework systems (steel galvanised) Refrigerant pipework systems Steam pipework system Condensate pipework system water treatment Condensate collecting vessel water treatment Open expansion vessel Closed expansion vessel with membrane Water treatment plant Water treatment control and measurement equipment Pumps (base mounted) Pumps (pipework mounted) Pumps (glandless) Pumps (sump and well) Pumps (condensate) Bellows flexible (steel) Bellows flexible (rubber) Bellows expansion (steel) Valves (glandless) Valves (glands) Calorifiers Heat exchangers (shell and tube) Ductwork and vessel thermal insulation (blanket type) Pipework and vessel thermal insulation (moulded type) Drainage and Public Health Internal waste, foul and rainwater drainage (cast iron) Internal waste, foul and rainwater drainage (copper) Internal waste, foul and rainwater drainage (plastic) Below ground salt glazed drainage movement Below ground cast iron drainage movement Below ground plastic drainage Above ground rainwater plastic Sanitary ware Fire fighting and protection systems Alternate wet and dry sprinklers Wet sprinklers Wet risers Dry risers Foam systems Portable fire appliances Fire hose reels

5 15 10 20 10 15 20 10 25 30 20 25 15 10 25 30 35 40 25 35 20 25 12 12 10 15 15 10 20 15 10 12 10 10 8 10 20 15 20 25 30 30

Use correct type of paint

Suggest a long-term bonded warranty is Suggest a long-term bonded warranty

Consider tube thickness and quality of copper Consider tube thickness and quality of copper

See note 1 Consider type of material, wall thickness and Consider type of material, wall thickness and

Consider type of fixing and mechanical damage Consider fire and smoke rating

35 40 20 Consider mechanical damage & any expansion rqmt 40 Consider possibility of damage and structural 45 Consider possibility of ground and structural 40 25 25 20 25 20 25 15 8 15 Consider corrosion; see CIBSE Guide E(28) section 8.1.7.3 Consider corrosion Consider mechanical damage

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Fire hydrants Fire alarms (electrical) Battery support for fire alarm Fire dampers (curtain type) Computer room fire extinguishing system possible phasing out of fire extinguishing agent Smoke and heat detectors Electrical distribution network Main supply switchgear and distribution equipment Transformers (dry type) Transformers (oil type) Mains cables (permanent installations) Electrical installations in buildings Final circuits and outlets Lighting installations (internal) Lighting installations (external) Emergency lighting Electrical motors (general) with supplier Motor speed control devices Motor control centres Electrical generating plant Alternators Continuously rated gas/oil engines (frequent use) Continuously rated gas/oil engines (standby) Continuously rated steam engines (frequent use) Continuously rated steam turbines (frequent use) Oil storage Controls & instrumentation Mains failure sensors Battery support Building management and controls (electronic/electric) Personal computer PC operating system BMS operating system Autodial modem Printer Screened network (hardwiring) Network communication devices Damper actuators Intelligent outstations Sensors Control valves Control dampers Electronic/pneumatic interfaces Utility metering Pagers Remote display panels Hardwiring between devices Controls general Pneumatic controls Electric controls Electronic controls Hydraulic valve actuators Pneumatic valve actuators Self-contained valve actuators Miscellaneous electrical equipment and plant Lead acid batteries (sealed) Nickel alkaline batteries (vented) Battery chargers

30 20 10 15 15 10

Consider environmental impact and

30 30 30 30 20 20 15 20 15 10 20 25 15 25 25 25 30 20 15 10 10 Alternative name supervisor. Reference note 2.0 8 See note 2 8 8 5 With frequent use operating costs are important 25 Should be future proofed with additional cable wireways. See note 2 10 Proprietary devices or gateways may require support. See note 2 10 10 See note 2 8 Periodic loop tuning and calibration should be considered 15 15 10 20 5 10 See note 2 25 Screened cables may be necessary 20 20 15 10 15 8 5 20 20

Low voltage decorative may be limited to 10 years

Smaller motors may have a shorter life check

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Clock systems Communication systems Public address systems Intruder alarms and intercommunications Uninterrupted power supply systems Closed circuit television and video Television and satellite systems Lightning protection Lighting control and management system Continuous flow electrical heaters Electrical water heaters Electrical storage heaters with ventilation Electrical floor heating Electrical heater (on peak) Window unit air conditioner Residential single or split package air conditioner Commercial through the wall air conditioner Water cooled air conditioner Residential air to air heat pump Commercial air to air heat pump Commercial water to air heat pump Miscellaneous mechanical equipment and plant Kitchen (cooking and support systems) Laundries (equipment and support systems) Water features Computer room air conditioning Tea rooms (equipment and support systems) Hand dryers Drinking fountains Vending machines Sanitary towel disposal Food/container waste disposal Waste paper shredders/disposal Stair/lobby ventilation Fire protection (pipes and ducts) Incinerators Gas or oil fired furnaces Domestic gas fired warm air heaters Domestic gas fired boilers Domestic gas fired combination boilers Gas fired hot water (storage and continuous) Gas fires Vertical transportation Lifts Escalators Security Access systems (door releases, card readers, key pads) CCTV cameras CCTV control systems & multiplexers Infra red lighting Intruder detection

15 20 20 10 20 10 15 25 15 12 12 20 25 8 8 10 10 15 10 15 15

Voice and data. See note 2

See note 2

15 20 15 15 15 5 10 8 10 5 10 20 20 15 15 15 10 10 12 8

Water treatment is very important

Damage to fire protection should be examined at frequent intervals Selection of heat exchanger material is important

15 15

10 10 15 10 15

Note 1 The phasing out of CFCs and HCFCs may require replacement of equipment earlier than originally planned Note 2 Technology changes can influence early replacement Note 3 Ensure that all heat exchangers especially refrigerant cooling and heat pump systems are suitable for UK operating conditions

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