Annotated bibliography Kate C.

2007. n.p. Web. 26 Feb 2013. <http://www.anglonorman.net/dissem/data/page3.htm>. I chose this map because it was very good at explaining where the French dialect was spoken the most in England. Ager, Simon. "The Influence of French on the English Language." . N.p.. Web. 21 Feb 2013. <http://www.cactuslanguagetraining.com/us/french/view/the-influenceof-french-on-the-english-language/>. I chose this website because it told how the French language influenced the English language and how William the Conqueror helped prompt that change. Algeo, John. "Middle English: The Language in Transition ." . N.p.. Web. 19 Feb 2013. <http://www.nexuslearning.net/books/elements_of_lit_course6/Middle_Ages/The English Language Middle English.htm>. I chose this website because it explained a lot about how the English language was renovated by the French. It also had quite a few good examples of French words that are still commonly used in the English language today. . "A Look at the Magna Carta." The Anglo-Norman Dictionary. Modern Humanities Research Association. Web. 24 Feb 2013. <http://www.anglonorman.net/dissem/data/page4.htm>. This webpage, a part of the Anglo-Norman Dictionary website, has detailed examples of the language of the Magna Carta, including sample images of the manuscript, transcriptions into Old Norman French, and translations into modern English. A Look at the Magna Carta. 2007. The Anglo-Norman Dictionary, Aberystwyth. Web. 24 Feb 2013. <http://www.anglo-norman.net/dissem/data/page4.htm>. This site contains images of the manuscript of the Magna Carta.

2 Baker, P. "Readings from Beowulf." http://faculty.virginia.edu/OldEnglish/Beowulf.Readings/Beowulf.Readings.html. University of Virginia Department of English. This website has oral recordings of Beowulf in the original Old English. . "Battle of Hastings." . N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Feb 2013. <http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Battle_of_Hastings>. I chose this source because it had a good map of how the Battle of Hastings was fought and what each sides battle strategy was. Baugh, Albert. "The Domination of French in England ." . N.p.. Web. 21 Feb 2013. <http://www.orbilat.com/Influences_of_Romance/English/RIFL-English-FrenchThe_Domination_of_French.html>. I chose this source because it had some information about who spoke French in England and how William the Conqueror became king of England. Baugh, Albert, and Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language. 3rd. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1978. Print. This book presents a comprehensive history of the formation of the English language, and includes vocabulary examples from the various periods of language development. Baugh, Albert, and Thomas Cable. "Map of "The Dialects of Old English"." Trans. Array A History of the English Language. . 3rd. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: PrenticeHall, Inc., 1978. 53. Print. This image shows a map of the dialects of Old English and where they were spoken in what is now the United Kingdom. "Beowulf." British Library: Learning Changing Language. n. page. Web. 26 Feb. 2013. <http://www.bl.uk/learning/langlit/changlang/activities/lang/beowulf/beowulfpage1 .html>. The site gives a brief overview of the poem, then presents a passage in the original (Old) Saxon English. Finally, the site presents a piece of the poem with translated words and an oral recording of what researchers believe the original language sounded like.

3 Britton, Ian. Gloucester Cathedral (Close-Up). N.d. freefoto.comWeb. 4 Mar 2013. <http://www.freefoto.com/preview/1016-01-55/Gloucester-Cathedral>. This site has a nice close-up of the detail in the sculptures at the Gloucester Cathedral in the UK. The Bayeux Tapestry in Portsmouth. 2012. Portsmouth City CouncilWeb. 23 Feb 2013. <http://www.ddaymuseum.co.uk/d-day/the-bayeux-tapestry-in-portsmouth>. This was a good picture of boat riders shown in the Tapestry of Bayeux, so I decided to use it for a section header. Chaucer, Geoffrey. The General Prologue. The Canterbury Tales. Audio Reading. Anniina Jokinen, narrator. Luminarium. 28 Nov 2006. Accessed 24 Feb 2013. http://www.luminarium.org/medlit/gp.htm An oral recording of a portion of Chaucers Prologue to The Canturbury Tales. d'Arc, Jeanne. "All Quotes by Joan of Arc." Joan of Arc: French Celebrity n.pag. Quotes Daddy. Web. 1 Mar 2013. I found a quotation from Joan of Arc that I liked and used on my website at this page. Duncan, Edwin. "History of the English Language."Borrowing in Middle English. Towson University. Web. 3 Mar 2013. <http://pages.towson.edu/duncan/brmideng.html>. I found a list of five terms from Old English and their Modern English (as derived from French) equivalents. I used these words in my Test your Knowledge flashcards. "Edward the Confessor (c.1003 - 1066)." . N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Mar 2013. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/edward_confessor.shtml>. I chose this source because it had good information about Edward the Confessor. . "French Influence on English Language after the Norman Conquest!." . N.p.. Web. 23 Feb 2013. <http://vikramroyblog.wordpress.com/2012/02/29/frenchinfluence-on-english-language-after-the-norman-conquest/>. I chose this website because it talked some about how William the Conqueror himself tried to learn some English and had some more examples of French words used in the daily English life.

Golding, Brian. Conquest and Colonization. London: 1994. Print. I chose this book because it had information about how/ why the Norman Conquest was started. "Harold II (Godwineson) (c.1020 - 1066)." . N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Mar 2013. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/harold_ii_godwineson.shtml>. I chose this source because it had some bibliographical information about Harold. Jesperson, Otto. Growth and Structure of the English Language. Toronto: CollierMacmillan Canada, 1968. Print. I chose this resource because it had a huge amount of Old French, French, and their impacted English words that were really helpful for making my flashcards. Killoran, Niall. "Old English / Anglo-Saxon (Englisc)."Omniglot: The Online Encyclopedia of Writing Systems and Languages. I found a copy of the alphabet of runes for Anglo-Saxon on this website. Killings, Douglas, Ed. King Alfred the Great. Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 890-1254. Print. <http://omacl.org/Anglo/>. The original transcription of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. I used information about Williams administration of England from the Chronicle. . King Harold II (1066). N.p.. Web. 3 Mar 2013. <http://www.britroyals.com/kings.asp?id=harold2>. I chose this website because of its good information about King Harold. Hollister, Warren C. The Making of England: 55 B.C. to 1399. 1976. Web. <http://www.ling.upenn.edu/~kroch/courses/lx310/Readings/normanconquest.pdf>. This site has a chapter from this book called The Impact of the Norman Conquest which was very useful in my website. Lars, . How would English be different if the Normans had lost?. 2013. n.p. Web. 3 Mar 2013. <http://larsbrownworth.com/blog/category/latin/>. I used this source for a good scan of the original Beowulf manuscript.

5 Lawless, Laura. "How French Has Influenced English." . N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Feb 2013. <http://french.about.com/od/vocabulary/a/frenchinenglish.htm>. I chose this source because it talked about how (specifically) the French language has impacted the English language. Lynch, Jack, ed. "Beowulf (Prologue)." University of Virginia Old English. N.p.. Web. 25 Feb 2013. <http://andromeda.rutgers.edu/~jlynch/Texts/beowulf.html>. This website contains a brief passage from the prologue to Beowulf, along with a loose translation of the text from Old English. . "Malcolm III, King of Scots 1034 1093." . N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Feb 2013. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/history/articles/malcolm_iii/>. I chose this website because it had some information about Malcolm III, who was the Scottish king William the Conqueror made sign the Treaty of Abernethy. Martin, Gary. "French Phrases." . N.p.. Web. 21 Feb 2013. <http://www.phrases.org.uk/meanings/french-phrases.html>. I chose this source because it had a ton of examples of French words that are still used in the English language today. N.d. n.p. Web. 23 Feb 2013. <http://www.oxforddnb.com/templates/article.jsp?articleid=8516&back=>. I chose this website because it had a good picture of Harold pledging his allegiance to William on the Bayeux Tapestry. N.d. n.p. Web. 23 Feb 2013. <http://www.timeref.com/thr00004.htm>. I chose this source because it had a good map of the territory in England that the French ruled after the Norman Conquest and the changes the English endured after the Norman Conquest. N.d. n.p. Web. 23 Feb 2013. <http://west.france-province.net/tapestry-ofbayeux.html>. I chose this website because it had a good picture of the Tapestry of Bayeaux that had what looked to be two opposing people/ armies.

6 N.d. n.p. Web. 24 Feb 2013. <http://www.bayeuxtapestry.org.uk/deathofharold.htm>. I chose this website because it had a good picture of Harolds death that was an excellent page header. Newton, David, dir. The Animated Bayeux Tapestry. Prod. Marc Sylvan. 2007. Web. 1 Mar 2013. < http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LtGoBZ4D4_E This YouTube video is an animated presentation of the 2nd half of the Bayeux Tapestry. The story starts about halfway through the original work at the appearance of Haileys comet and concludes with the Battle of Hastings in 1066. Norwich Cathedral, UK. 2010. Cambridge River TourWeb. 4 Mar 2013. <http://www.best-of-european-union.eu/2012/08/03/searching-for-the-perfectfamily-holiday-in-the-uk/norwich-cathedral-uk/>. This site has an image of the Norwich Cathedral, which I used in my webpage. . "Old English Words and Modern Meanings." . N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Feb 2013. <http://reference.yourdictionary.com/dictionaries/old-english-words-and-modernmeanings.html>. I chose this source because it had some examples of English words before the French invades England during the Hundred Years War. Pollard, AW. "The Life of Geoffrey Chaucer."Luminarium.org. N.p., 31 Aug 2012. Web. 27 Feb 2013. An extensive biography of Geoffrey Chaucer with well explained information about the influence of French on his writings in English. In addition to the biographical information about the writer, I also used images of Chaucer and of a manuscript of Le Roman de la rose. Shrier, Patrick. "The Hundred Years War: An Analysis of the Causes and Conduct of the Longest European War ." . N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Feb 2013. <http://www.militaryhistoryonline.com/medieval/articles/hundredyearswar.asp&xg t;. I chose this source because it had a good table of key / major battles during the Hundred Years War.

7 The Anglo-Norman Dictionary. Aberystwyth: 2001. <http://www.anglonorman.net/>. An online dictionary with definitions of Old French (Norman) terms. Gives etymology and other vocabulary history, along with examples of usage. The Entire Bayeux Tapestry. 2001. Tripod.com, Highlands Ranch, CO. Web. 25 Feb 2013. <http://mr_sedivy.tripod.com/med_bay2.html>. The site contains 48 web sized images and explanations from the Bayeux Tapestry. The Tower of London. N.d. Great LondonWeb. 4 Mar 2013. <http://greatlondon.ru/the-tower-of-london/>. I used an image of the Tower of London, built by William the Conqueror, from this site. . "William the Conqueror (c.1028 - c.1087)." . N.p.. Web. 23 Feb 2013. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/william_i_king.shtml>. I chose to use this website because it had information about William the Conqueror. William the Conqueror. 2013. n.p. Web. 23 Feb 2013. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/arts/yourpaintings/paintings/william-the-conqueror102710281087-72929>. I chose this website for a good picture of William the Conqueror. Wilson, William. William the Conqueror - Silver Coin. N.d. The Travelling HistorianWeb. 4 Mar 2013. <http://www.travellinghistorian.com/towa.html>. This site had information on the Tower of London, including images of three coins from the era of William the Conqueror. I used one of them on my website. World of Domesday. N.d. n.p. Web. 23 Feb 2013. <http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/domesday/world-of-domesday/>. I chose this picture of the Tapestry of Bayeux because it was a good image of two men riding during the Battle of Hastings.