10/7/2010

Lectures

Human Computer Interaction

D R. ANN NOSSEIR

Dr. Ann Nosseir Lectures:

Thursdays 9:00-11:00 Thursdays 11:00-2:00 Tuesdays 9:00-12:00

Office hours:

nosseir@hotmail.com Room: Meeting Room Third floor

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Assessment

Course Work

50% Course Work

Group Assignment (10%) Individual Assignments (10%) Group Project (30%)

Labs Two assignments

Individual assignment (Presentation)

Group Project (Report and Presentation)

50% Final Exam

Project

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Reading List
Designing Interactive Systems Benyon,

What is HCI?
Human (the end-user or the others in the organisation) Computer (hardware or software) e.g. phones, web sites and washing machine controllers and increasingly in clothes, jewellery and buildings Interaction (user tells the computer what (s)he wants and computer communicates results) When users interact with a computer system, they do so via a user interface (UI) (Stone et al, p3)
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Interaction
Human
Computer

Turner and Turner

User Interface Design and Evaluation Stone,

Jarrett, Woodroffe and Minocha

Designing the User Interface, 4 th Edition,

Shneiderman and Plaisant

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Computer Interactive Systems?

Interactive Systems?
The term we use to describe the technologies that

designers work with.

They are components, devices, products and software

systems concerned with processing information.

They deal with the transmission, display, storage or

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/click_online/7649335.stm http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/click_online/8692721.stm http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/click_online/8966526.stm http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/click_online/buyers_guides/default.stm http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b72CvvMuD6Q http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bJF3LBREabk&feature=related ht tp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jj8gP5AEpqg ht tp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CMvfkYbXDWw&feature=related

transformation of information that people can perceive and that respond to peoples actions That includes such things as phones, web sites and washing machine controllers and increasingly clothes, jewellery and buildings!

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What is HCI?
HCI is a discipline concerned with the

What is HCI?
Humancomputer interaction (HCI) is

design, evaluation and implementation of interactive computing systems for human use and with the study of major phenomena surrounding them.

the study of how humans interact with computer systems. Many disciplines contribute to HCI, including computer science, psychology, ergonomics, engineering, and graphic design. HCI is a broad term that covers all aspects of the way in which people interact with computers (Stone et al, p3).

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The User Interface

All those parts of the system we come into contact with
Physically we might interact with a device by

What are the User Interfaces Here?

pressing buttons or moving levers and the interactive device might respond by providing feedback through the pressure of the button or lever. screen, or makes noises which we can see and hear. trying to work out what it does and what we should be doing. The device provides messages and other displays which are designed to help us do this.
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Perceptually the device displays things on a

Conceptually we interact with a device by

Figure 1.6 Various user interfaces.

Sources: Horstmann Controls Ltd; Hewlett-Packard Ltd.

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The User Interface

Input some methods are needed to enter commands (tell the system what we want it to do) We also need to be able to navigate through the commands and the content of the system We need to enter data or other content into the system Output So the system can tell us what is happening - provide feedback So the system can display the content to us.

Why We Care?
There is a growing need for a good

UI design for systems such as

life-critical systems industrial and commercial systems Office, home, and entertainment applications

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Why We Care?
Some of these systems cannot afford errors

What is Bad or Good?

and others require a speed to execute a number of transactions. A good UI design can play a role in reducing errors and increasing speed of performance, and as a result, will reduce training costs and increase users satisfaction. A bad UI is costly, inefficient, frustrating, and, dangerous. (see Shneiderman and Plaisant).

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What is Bad or Good?

The Bad

What is Bad or Good?

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The Bad

What is Bad or Good?

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The Ugly

What is Bad or Good?

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The Good

What is Bad or Good?

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The Good

What is Good, Ugly, or Bad ?

good, ugly, and bad terms are subjective terms. They have different meanings for different people and their use to rate various aspects of a user interface will vary. You may have used the terms good or bad to describe, for example, the colors used in an interface, the pictures on the icons, or how attractive or eye catching the interface was. These attributes describe the overall look or aesthetics of the UI. Our real concern is whether a user interface is good, bad, or poor in relation to its usability. (Stone et al, p6)

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What is Usability?
Usability is defined in Part 11 of the ISO 9241 standard (BSI,

So, Designers Aim

Every designer wants to build high-quality

1998) as the extent to which a product can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction in a specified context of use. Effectiveness is the accuracy and completeness with which specified users can achieve specified goals in particular environments. Efficiency is defined as the resources expended in relation to the accuracy and completeness of the goals achieved. Satisfaction is the comfort and acceptability of the work system to its users and other people affected by its use . (Stone
et al, p6)

interfaces that are admired by colleagues, celebrated by users and imitated frequently. Appreciation comes not from stylish advertising, but rather from inherent quality feature such as usability, universality, and usefulness (Shneiderman and Plaisant, p12). The aim is to develop a high quality interactive systems or products that fit people and their ways of living (Benyon, Turner and Turner, p5).

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Key Concerns for Designers

Design - how to do it? Technologies - what can

What Designers Do?

Its where you stand with a foot in two worlds the world of technology and the world of people and human purposesand you try to bring the two together(Benyon, Turner and Turner).

technology do? What content does something have? People - who will use it, who will be affected by it? Activities and contexts what will people have to do in what circumstances?

People
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Technology
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Design involves:
Achieving goals within constraints and trade-off between these Understanding the raw materials: computer and human Accepting limitations of humans and of design

What is Design?
The creative process of specifying something new and The representations that are produced along the way

e.g site map, blueprints, sketches, etc.

It typically involves much iteration both problem and solution evolve during design

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Designing Interactive Systems

. is

Being Human-Centred
We take a human-centred approach to designing

more than just designing the user interface . is more than designing the input, output and content It is about designing the whole human-computer interaction It is about designing the human-human interaction that is often enabled through devices It is about designing whole environments of interlinked devices and objects

interactive systems. That means

thinking about what people want to do rather than just

what the technology can do

designing new ways to connect people with people involving people in the design process designing for diversity

Think of designing museum exhibits, or an amusement park Or an airport, a hotel lobby or a shopping mall

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Why Being Human-Centred is Important?

Safety

The Skills of the Interactive Systems Designer

Knowing about people Sociology, anthropology, psychology, culture Knowing about technologies Software, communications, materials, databases, etc. Knowing about activities and contexts Communities of practice, information systems, organizations, knowledge management

Is human error really often the fault of bad design?

Effectiveness Human-centred design will result in better designs. They will make more money - especially with e-commerce Ethics Designs affect peoples lives. Designers need to consider the affect they are having

Knowing about design Fashion, interior, information design, architecture, product design

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Disciplines Contributing to Interactive Systems Design

Summary
Designing Interactive Systems is concerned with

design systems for people, undertaking activities in contexts using technologies Designing Interactive Systems needs to be human-centred to ensure safe, effective and ethical systems are produced.

Figure 1.9 Disciplines contributing to interactive systems design

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First Assignment
Study three interactive systems and products from

your surrounding that you use. Discuss with your group what you like and dislike about them and extract strengths and limitations of the products or the systems. Think about changes you can do to make the products or the systems easier to use and enjoyable.

see challenges 1-1,1-2,1-3 Benyon et al p.s. select different examples

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