TYPES OF PROTECTION GENERATOR PROTECTIONS ------- CLASS A

Class A Protection Operation Sequence Gen Breaker Trips Gen Field Breaker Trips Incomers of UATs are tripped Tie Breaker between Aux. Station Bus & Aux. Unit Bus are closed. Boiler Trips Prime Mover Trips Class A Annunciation will appear. is adopted for those Electrical Faults of Generator and Generator Transformer and unit Auxiliary Transformer for which tripping can not be delayed. - This leads to simultaneous tripping of - Generator Transformer HV Side CB - Field Circuit Breaker - LV side Incomer Breaker of UATs - Auto Changeover from unit to Station for unit Auxiliaries and tripping of turbine.

Followings are the protections under class A protection

Sl.No
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Name of protection
Differential protection of Geneartor Stator Earth Fault(95% & 100%) Interturn Short Circuit Revers power UT Differential GT Unit Differential Gen Over Fluxing G Neg. Seq Overload G Directional Power Prot. Generator Transformer Differential Relay Generator overload Generator rotor earth fault stage 2 Excitation Transformer Over current Transzent blackout current Excitation transformer differential Start stop earth fault Generator backup Impendence Loss of excitation(t1)

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49

Loss of excitation(t2) Loss of synchronism Generator low forward power GT Overcurrent GT zero sequence OC GT REF Accidental Energization Excitation system fault UT composite voltage block over current (t2) UT branch A REF UT branch A zero sequence over current(t2) UT Branch B REF UT branch B zero sequence over current(t2) GT heavy gas of Phase A GT heavy gas of Phase B GT heavy gas of Phase C GT surge relief of phase A GT surge relief of phase B GT surge relief of phase C UT heavy gas UT surge relief UT OLTC heavy gas UT OLTC surge relief UT winding temperature tripping of phase A UT winding temperature tripping of phase B UT winding temperature tripping of phase C GT oil temperature tripping of phase A GT oil temperature tripping of phase B GT oil temperature tripping of phase C UT winding temperature tripping Generator water off.

TECTION ONS ------- CLASS A

This

tor can not be delayed.

under class A protection

Effects
GT HV side breaker trips simultaneously FCB trips and main steam valve also closes

TYPES OF PROTECTION GENERATOR PROTECTIONS ------- CLASS B

Class B Protection - Operating Sequence Boiler Trips Turbine Trips Class A protection will operate through low forward power relay. Class B Trip Annunciation will appear. adopted for all turbine faults Mechanical) and for some Electrical faults of Generator ,G Transformer and unit auxiliary Transformer for which it is safe to trip the turbine. -Subsequently the Generator is tripped through low forward power interlock. Followings are the protections under class
Sl.No
1 2 3 4

B protection

Name of protection
Excitation transformer over load (Inverse time) Over frequency Loss of excitation(t3) Over voltage

Effects

Main steam val

N --- CLASS B

This is ults of Generator ,Generator

ss B protection
Effects
Main steam valve closes.

TYPES OF PROTECTION GENERATOR PROTECTIONS ------- CLASS C

Class C Protection Trips Generator Breaker . adopted for all faults beyond the Generator system which can be cleared by tripping of Generator transformer HV Side CB alone. - In this case the TG Set runs with HP-LP bypass system in operation and Generator contin feed the unit auxiliary load through unit auxiliary Transformers.

Followings are the protections under class C protection

Sl.No
1 2 3

Name of protection
Distance protection Bus bar differential protection Line earthfault protection

TECTION ONS ------- CLASS C

This is

ich can be CB alone. in operation and Generator continues to formers.

under class C protection

Effects
Only GT HV side breaker trips.