MINIMUM DESIGN LOADS

Table C3-1 Minimum Design Dead Loadsa

Component CEILINGS Acoustical ber board Gypsum board (per 1/8-in. thickness) Mechanical duct allowance Plaster on tile or concrete Plaster on wood lath Suspended steel channel system Suspended metal lath and cement plaster Suspended metal lath and gypsum plaster Wood furring suspension system COVERINGS, ROOF, AND WALL Asbestos-cement shingles Asphalt shingles Cement tile Clay tile (for mortar add 10 psf) Book tile, 2-in. Book tile, 3-in. Ludowici Roman Spanish Composition: Three-ply ready roong Four-ply felt and gravel Five-ply felt and gravel Copper or tin Corrugated asbestos-cement roong Deck, metal, 20 gage Deck, metal, 18 gage Decking, 2-in. wood (Douglas r) Decking, 3-in. wood (Douglas r) Fiberboard, 1/2-in. Gypsum sheathing, 1/2-in. Insulation, roof boards (per inch thickness) Cellular glass Fibrous glass Fiberboard Perlite Polystyrene foam Urethane foam with skin Plywood (per 1/8-in. thickness) Rigid insulation, 1/2-in. Skylight, metal frame, 3/8-in. wire glass Slate, 3/16-in. Slate, 1/4-in. Waterproong membranes: Bituminous, gravel-covered Bituminous, smooth surface Liquid applied Single-ply, sheet Wood sheathing (per inch thickness) Wood shingles FLOOR FILL Cinder concrete, per inch Load (psf) 1 0.55 4 5 8 2 15 10 2.5 4 2 16 12 20 10 12 19 1 5.5 6 1 4 2.5 3 5 8 0.75 2 0.7 1.1 1.5 0.8 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.75 8 7 10 5.5 1.5 1 0.7 3 3 9 Continued

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CHAPTER C3 DEAD LOADS, SOIL LOADS, AND HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE

Table C3-1 (Continued)

Component Lightweight concrete, per inch Sand, per inch Stone concrete, per inch FLOORS AND FLOOR FINISHES Asphalt block (2-in.), 1/2-in. mortar Cement nish (1-in.) on stoneconcrete ll Ceramic or quarry tile (3/4-in.) on 1/2-in. mortar bed Ceramic or quarry tile (3/4-in.) on 1-in. mortar bed Concrete ll nish (per inch thickness) Hardwood ooring, 7/7-in. Linoleum or asphalt tile, 1/4-in. Marble and mortar on stoneconcrete ll Slate (per mm thickness) Solid at tile on 1-in. mortar base Subooring, 3/4-in. Terrazzo (1-1/2-in.) directly on slab Terrazzo (1-in.) on stoneconcrete ll Terrazzo (1-in.), 2-in. stone concrete Wood block (3-in.) on mastic, no ll Wood block (3-in.) on 1/2-in. mortar base FLOORS, WOOD-JOIST (NO PLASTER) DOUBLE WOOD FLOOR Joint sizes (in.) 12-in. spacing (1b/ft2) 16-in. spacing (1b/ft2) 26 6 5 28 6 6 2 10 7 6 2 12 8 7 FRAME PARTITIONS Movable steel partitions Wood or steel studs, 1/2-in. gypsum board each side Wood studs, 2 4, unplastered Wood studs, 2 4, plastered one side Wood studs, 2 4, plastered two sides FRAME WALLS Exterior stud walls: 2 4 @ 16-in., 5/8-in. gypsum, insulated, 3/8-in. siding 2 6 @ 16-in., 5/8-in. gypsum, insulated, 3/8-in. siding Exterior stud walls with brick veneer Windows, glass, frame, and sash Clay brick wythes: 4 in. 8 in. 12 in. 16 in. Hollow concrete masonry unit wythes: Wythe thickness (in inches) 4 Density of unit (105 pcf) No grout 22 48 in. o.c. 40 in. o.c. grout 32 in. o.c. spacing 24 in. o.c. 16 in. o.c. Full grout Load (psf) 8 8 12 30 32 16 23 12 4 1 33 15 23 3 19 32 32 10 16

24-in. spacing (1b/ft2) 5 5 6 6 4 8 4 12 20

11 12 48 8 39 79 115 155 6 24 29 30 32 34 40 55 8 31 38 40 42 46 53 75 10 37 47 49 52 57 66 95 12 43 55 57 61 67 79 115

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MINIMUM DESIGN LOADS

Table C3-1 (Continued)

Component Density of unit (125 pcf) No grout 48 in. o.c. 40 in. o.c. grout 32 in. o.c. spacing 24 in. o.c. 16 in. o.c. Full grout Density of unit (135 pcf) No grout 48 in. o.c. 40 in. o.c. grout 32 in. o.c. spacing 24 in. o.c. 16 in. o.c. Full grout Solid concrete masonry unit wythes (incl. concrete brick): Wythe thickness (in mm) Density of unit (105 pcf) Density of unit (125 pcf) Density of unit (135 pcf) CEILINGS Acoustical ber board Gypsum board (per mm thickness) Mechanical duct allowance Plaster on tile or concrete Plaster on wood lath Suspended steel channel system Suspended metal lath and cement plaster Suspended metal lath and gypsum plaster Wood furring suspension system COVERINGS, ROOF, AND WALL Asbestos-cement shingles Asphalt shingles Cement tile Clay tile (for mortar add 0.48 kN/m2) Book tile, 51 mm Book tile, 76 mm Ludowici Roman Spanish Composition: Three-ply ready roong Four-ply felt and gravel Five-ply felt and gravel Copper or tin Corrugated asbestos-cement roong Deck, metal, 20 gage Deck, metal, 18 gage Decking, 51-mm wood (Douglas r) Decking, 76-mm wood (Douglas r) Fiberboard, 13 mm 26 28 33 34 36 39 44 59 30 36 37 38 41 46 62 6 51 60 64 36 44 45 47 51 59 81 39 47 48 50 54 61 83 8 69 81 87 44 54 56 58 63 73 102 47 57 59 62 67 76 105 10 87 102 110 Load (psf) 50 62 65 68 75 87 123 54 66 69 72 78 90 127 12 105 124 133 0.05 0.008 0.19 0.24 0.38 0.10 0.72 0.48 0.12 0.19 0.10 0.77 0.57 0.96 0.48 0.57 0.91 0.05 0.26 0.29 0.05 0.19 0.12 0.14 0.24 0.38 0.04 Continued

29

4 32 38 41

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CHAPTER C3 DEAD LOADS, SOIL LOADS, AND HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE

Table C3-1 (Continued)

Component Gypsum sheathing, 13 mm Insulation, roof boards (per mm thickness) Cellular glass Fibrous glass Fiberboard Perlite Polystyrene foam Urethane foam with skin Plywood (per mm thickness) Rigid insulation, 13 mm Skylight, metal frame, 10-mm wire glass Slate, 5 mm Slate, 6 mm Waterproong membranes: Bituminous, gravel-covered Bituminous, smooth surface Liquid applied Single-ply, sheet Wood sheathing (per mm thickness) Plywood Oriented strand board Wood shingles FLOOR FILL Cinder concrete, per mm Lightweight concrete, per mm Sand, per mm Stone concrete, per mm FLOORS AND FLOOR FINISHES Asphalt block (51 mm), 13-mm mortar Cement nish (25 mm) on stoneconcrete ll Ceramic or quarry tile (19 mm) on 13-mm mortar bed Ceramic or quarry tile (19 mm) on 25-mm mortar bed Concrete ll nish (per mm thickness) Hardwood ooring, 22 mm Linoleum or asphalt tile, 6 mm Marble and mortar on stoneconcrete ll Slate (per mm thickness) Solid at tile on 25-mm mortar base Subooring, 19 mm Terrazzo (38 mm) directly on slab Terrazzo (25 mm) on stoneconcrete ll Terrazzo (25 mm), 51-mm stone concrete Wood block (76 mm) on mastic, no ll Wood block (76 mm) on 13-mm mortar base FLOORS, WOOD-JOIST (NO PLASTER) DOUBLE WOOD FLOOR Joist sizes (mm): 305-mm spacing (kN/m2) 406-mm spacing (kN/m2) 51 152 0.29 0.24 51 203 0.29 0.29 51 254 0.34 0.29 51 305 0.38 0.34 FRAME PARTITIONS Movable steel partitions Wood or steel studs, 13-mm gypsum board each side Load (psf) 0.10 0.0013 0.0021 0.0028 0.0015 0.0004 0.0009 0.006 0.04 0.38 0.34 0.48 0.26 0.07 0.05 0.03 0.0057 0.0062 0.14 0.017 0.015 0.015 0.023 1.44 1.53 0.77 1.10 0.023 0.19 0.05 1.58 0.028 1.10 0.14 0.91 1.53 1.53 0.48 0.77

610-mm spacing (kN/m2) 0.24 0.24 0.29 0.29 0.19 0.38

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MINIMUM DESIGN LOADS

Table C3-1 (Continued)

Component Wood studs, 51 102, unplastered Wood studs, 51 102, plastered one side Wood studs, 51 102, plastered two sides FRAME WALLS Exterior stud walls: 51 mm 102 mm @ 406 mm, 16-mm gypsum, insulated, 10-mm 51 mm 152 mm @ 406 mm, 16-mm gypsum, insulated, 10-mm Exterior stud walls with brick veneer Windows, glass, frame, and sash Clay brick wythes: 102 mm 203 mm 305 mm 406 mm Hollow concrete masonry unit wythes: Wythe thickness (in mm) 102 Density of unit (16.49 kN/m3) No grout 1.05 1,219 mm 1,016 mm grout 813 mm spacing 610 mm 406 mm Full grout Density of unit (19.64 kN/m3) No grout 1.25 1,219 mm 1,016 mm grout 813 mm spacing 610 mm 406 mm Full grout Density of unit (21.21 kN/m3) No grout 1.39 1,219 mm 1,016 mm grout 813 mm spacing 610 mm 406 mm Full grout Solid concrete masonry unit Wythe thickness (in mm) 102 Density of unit (16.49 kN/m3) 1.53 1.82 Density of unit (19.64 kN/m3) 1.96 Density of unit (21.21 kN/m3)
a

Load (psf) 0.19 0.57 0.96

siding siding

0.53 0.57 2.30 0.38 1.87 3.78 5.51 7.42

152 1.29 1.48 1.58 1.63 1.77 2.01 2.73 1.34 1.58 1.63 1.72 1.87 2.11 2.82 1.68 1.58 1.72 1.82 1.96 2.25 3.06 152 2.35 2.82 3.02

203 1.68 1.92 2.06 2.15 2.35 2.68 3.69 1.72 2.11 2.15 2.25 2.44 2.78 3.88 2.15 2.39 2.54 2.63 2.82 3.16 4.17 203 3.21 3.78 4.12

254 2.01 2.35 2.54 2.68 2.92 3.35 4.69 2.11 2.59 2.68 2.78 3.02 3.50 4.88 2.59 2.92 3.11 3.26 3.50 3.93 5.27 254 4.02 4.79 5.17

305 2.35 2.78 3.02 3.16 3.45 4.02 5.70 2.39 2.97 3.11 3.26 3.59 4.17 5.89 3.02 3.45 3.69 3.83 4.12 4.69 6.37 305 4.88 5.79 6.27

Weights of masonry include mortar but not plaster. For plaster, add 0.24 kN/m2 for each face plastered. Values given represent averages. In some cases there is a considerable range of weight for the same construction.

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CHAPTER C3 DEAD LOADS, SOIL LOADS, AND HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE

Table C3-2 Minimum Densities for Design Loads from Materials

Material Aluminum Bituminous products Asphaltum Graphite Parafn Petroleum, crude Petroleum, rened Petroleum, benzine Petroleum, gasoline Pitch Tar Brass Bronze Cast-stone masonry (cement, stone, sand) Cement, portland, loose Ceramic tile Charcoal Cinder ll Cinders, dry, in bulk Coal Anthracite, piled Bituminous, piled Lignite, piled Peat, dry, piled Concrete, plain Cinder Expanded-slag aggregate Haydite (burned-clay aggregate) Slag Stone (including gravel) Vermiculite and perlite aggregate, nonload-bearing Other light aggregate, load-bearing Concrete, reinforced Cinder Slag Stone (including gravel) Copper Cork, compressed Earth (not submerged) Clay, dry Clay, damp Clay and gravel, dry Silt, moist, loose Silt, moist, packed Silt, owing Sand and gravel, dry, loose Sand and gravel, dry, packed Sand and gravel, wet Earth (submerged) Clay Soil River mud Sand or gravel Sand or gravel and clay Density (lb/ft3) 170 81 135 56 55 50 46 42 69 75 526 552 144 90 150 12 57 45 52 47 47 23 108 100 90 132 144 2550 70105 111 138 150 556 14 63 110 100 78 96 108 100 110 120 80 70 90 60 65 Material Glass Gravel, dry Gypsum, loose Gypsum, wallboard Ice Iron Cast Wrought Lead Lime Hydrated, loose Hydrated, compacted Masonry, ashlar stone Granite Limestone, crystalline Limestone, oolitic Marble Sandstone Masonry, brick Hard (low absorption) Medium (medium absorption) Soft (high absorption) Masonry, concretea Lightweight units Medium weight units Normal weight units Masonry grout Masonry, rubble stone Granite Limestone, crystalline Limestone, oolitic Marble Sandstone Mortar, cement or lime Particleboard Plywood Riprap (not submerged) Limestone Sandstone Sand Clean and dry River, dry Slag Bank Bank screenings Machine Sand Slate Steel, cold-drawn Stone, quarried, piled Basalt, granite, gneiss Limestone, marble, quartz Sandstone Shale Greenstone, hornblende Density (lb/ft3) 160 104 70 50 57 450 480 710 32 45 165 165 135 173 144 130 115 100 105 125 135 140 153 147 138 156 137 130 45 36 83 90 90 106 70 108 96 52 172 492 96 95 82 92 107

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MINIMUM DESIGN LOADS

Table C3-2 (Continued)

Material Terra cotta, architectural Voids lled Voids unlled Tin Water Fresh Sea Wood, seasoned Ash, commercial white Aluminum Bituminous products Asphaltum Graphite Parafn Petroleum, crude Petroleum, rened Petroleum, benzine Petroleum, gasoline Pitch Tar Brass Bronze Cast-stone masonry (cement, stone, sand) Cement, portland, loose Ceramic tile Charcoal Cinder ll Cinders, dry, in bulk Coal Anthracite, piled Bituminous, piled Lignite, piled Peat, dry, piled Concrete, plain Cinder Expanded-slag aggregate Haydite (burned-clay aggregate) Slag Stone (including gravel) Vermiculite and perlite aggregate, nonload-bearing Other light aggregate, load-bearing Concrete, reinforced Cinder Slag Stone (including gravel) Copper Cork, compressed Earth (not submerged) Clay, dry Clay, damp Clay and gravel, dry Density (lb/ft3) 120 72 459 62 64 41 27 12.7 21.2 8.8 8.6 7.9 7.2 6.6 10.8 11.8 82.6 86.7 22.6 14.1 23.6 1.9 9.0 7.1 8.2 7.4 7.4 3.6 17.0 15.7 14.1 20.7 22.6 3.97.9 11.016.5 17.4 21.7 23.6 87.3 2.2 9.9 17.3 15.7 Material Cypress, southern Fir, Douglas, coast region Hem r Oak, commercial reds and whites Pine, southern yellow Redwood Spruce, red, white, and Sitka Western hemlock Zinc, rolled sheet Silt, moist, loose Silt, moist, packed Silt, owing Sand and gravel, dry, loose Sand and gravel, dry, packed Sand and gravel, wet Earth (submerged) Clay Soil River mud Sand or gravel Sand or gravel and clay Glass Gravel, dry Gypsum, loose Gypsum, wallboard Ice Iron Cast Wrought Lead Lime Hydrated, compacted Hydrated, loose Masonry, ashlar stone Granite Limestone, crystalline Limestone, oolitic Marble Sandstone Masonry, brick Hard (low absorption) Medium (medium absorption) Soft (high absorption) Masonry, concretea Lightweight units Medium weight units Normal weight units Masonry grout Masonry, rubble stone Granite Limestone, crystalline Limestone, oolitic Density (lb/ft3) 34 34 28 47 37 28 29 32 449 12.3 15.1 17.0 15.7 17.3 18.9 12.6 11.0 14.1 9.4 10.2 25.1 16.3 11.0 7.9 9.0 70.7 75.4 111.5 5.0 7.1 25.9 25.9 21.2 27.2 22.6 20.4 18.1 15.7 16.5 19.6 21.2 22.0 24.0 23.1 21.7 Continued

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CHAPTER C3 DEAD LOADS, SOIL LOADS, AND HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE

Table C3-2 (Continued)

Material Marble Sandstone Mortar, cement or lime Particleboard Plywood Riprap (not submerged) Limestone Sandstone Sand Clean and dry River, dry Slag Bank Bank screenings Machine Sand Slate Steel, cold-drawn Stone, quarried, piled Basalt, granite, gneiss Limestone, marble, quartz
a

Density (lb/ft3) 24.5 21.5 20.4 7.1 5.7 13.0 14.1 14.1 16.7 11.0 17.0 15.1 8.2 27.0 77.3 15.1 14.9

Material Sandstone Shale Greenstone, hornblende Terra cotta, architectural Voids lled Voids unlled Tin Water Fresh Sea Wood, seasoned Ash, commercial white Cypress, southern Fir, Douglas, coast region Hem r Oak, commercial reds and whites Pine, southern yellow Redwood Spruce, red, white, and Sitka Western hemlock Zinc, rolled sheet

Density (lb/ft3) 12.9 14.5 16.8 18.9 11.3 72.1 9.7 10.1 6.4 5.3 5.3 4.4 7.4 5.8 4.4 4.5 5.0 70.5

Tabulated values apply to solid masonry and to the solid portion of hollow masonry.

406