You are on page 1of 2

Physics : Form 4 EXPERIMENTS CHAPTER 1 1.

Simple pendulum Manipulated variable : Length of the pendulum, Responding variable : Period of oscillation, T Fixed variable : Mass of the pendulum bob, m Precautions : i) The pendulum bob is oscillate in one plane. ii) The amplitude of oscillation, must less than 10. CHAPTER 2 2. Ticker timer Manipulated variable : Height of runway, h Responding variable : Acceleration of the trolley, a Fixed variable : Mass of the trolley, m/ frequency, f Precaution : The ticker tape is free to move without obstacles. 3. Inertia and mass Manipulated variable : Mass of plasticine, m Responding variable : Period of oscillation, T Fixed variable : Amplitude of oscillation, Precaution : The experiment is repeated twice and get the average of the reading to minimize random error. 4. Relationship between mass and acceleration when force is constant Manipulated variable : Mass of trolley, m Responding variable : Acceleration of the trolley, a Fixed variable : Force applied by an elastic cord, F Precaution : Always pull the elastic cords to a fixed length to maintain a constant force. 5. Relationship between force and acceleration when mass is constant Manipulated variable : Force applied, F Responding variable : Acceleration of the trolley, a Fixed variable : mass of the trolley, m Precaution : Always stretch the elastic cords to a fixed length. 6. Elasticity ( Hookes law ) Manipulated variable : Force ( slotted weight ) Responding variable : Extension of the spring, x Fixed variable : Length of spring / diameter of spring / diameter of coil Precaution : The line of vision must be parallel to the scale to avoid parallax error. CHAPTER 3 7. Pressure and depth in liquids Manipulated variable : Depth of thistle funnel, h Responding variable : Difference in the levels, Fixed variable : The density of liquids, Precaution : Eyes position is perpendicular to the reading scale to prevent parallax error. 8. Pascals principle Manipulated variable : Force on the input piston, F / mass of the slotted weights, m Responding variable : mass of the slotted weights on the output piston, m Fixed variable : Area for both syringes. Precaution : Eyes position is perpendicular to the reading scale to prevent parallax error. 9. Archimedes principle Manipulated variable : Real weight, w1 Responding variable : Apparent weight, w2 Fixed variable : Mass of empty beaker, m Precaution : When the stone was lowered into the eureka can, care was taken to make sure that the stone did not touch the bottom of the can to obtain a more accurate reading of w2.

CHAPTER 4 10. Relationship between pressure and volume at constant temperature Manipulated variable : Pressure of gas, P Responding variable : Volume of gas, V Fixed variable : Temperature of gas, T Precaution : The rubber tube was greased and tightened to prevent leakage of air from the syringe. 11. Relationship between volume and temperature at constant pressure Manipulated variable : Temperature of gas, T Responding variable : Volume of gas, V Fixed variable : Pressure of gas, P Precautions : i) When taking the reading of temperature and length of air column, eyes position is perpendicular to the reading scale to prevent parallax error. ii) Make sure that the thermometer didnt touch the base of the container. 12. Relationship between pressure and temperature at constant volume Manipulated variable : Temperature of gas, T Responding variable : Pressure of gas, P Fixed variable : Volume of gas, V Precautions : i) The rubber tube was fixed tightly to prevent leakage. ii) Make sure that the thermometer didnt touch the base of the container.

CHAPTER 5 13. Laws of reflection Manipulated variable : Angle of incidence, i Responding variable : Angle of reflection, r Fixed variable : Precaution : The experiment is conducted in a dark room. 14. Refraction of light Manipulated variable : Angle of incidence, i Responding variable : Angle of refraction, r Fixed variable : Refractive index, n Precaution : The experiment is conducted in a dark room. 15. Relationship between u, v and f Manipulated variable : Object distance, u Responding variable : Image distance, v Fixed variable : Focal length of the lens, f Precaution : The experiment is conducted in a dark room. 16. Relationship between object distance and magnification Manipulated variable : Object distance, u Responding variable : Magnification, m Fixed variable : Focal length, f Precaution : The experiment is conducted in a dark room.

You might also like