A Study of the Impact of Extracurricular Activities on social Development of Students Studying in VIII Class of School

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Chapter 1 Introduction

Students who participate in extracurricular activities generally benefit from the many opportunities afforded them. Benefits of participating in extracurricular activities include having better grades, having higher standardized test scores and higher educational attainment, attending school more regularly and having higher a higher self concept. Participants in out of school activities often learned skills such as teamwork and leadership while decreasing likelihood of alcohol use and related problem behaviors. Those who participate in out of school activities have higher grade point averages, a decrease in absenteeism and an increased connectedness to the school. Students who are over scheduled with too many activities find that benefits of participating in out of school activities may actually decrease. Overscheduled children may be tired, irritable and show little interest in participation. Over scheduling too many physical activities may result in some students pushing themselves too far with the potential of having a serious sports related injury as students may need time for relaxation and recovery from intense athletic training. Extracurricular activities often cost money to participate in some type of arranged payto play fee. Whether it is paying the school activity fee or paying for the private lessons or trying to further develop skills at summer camp, some families just are not economically able to be involved with out of school activities. Caring adults should consider working with the community to help reduce financial barriers to participate in healthy extracurricular options for students to develop team building, skill development and opportunities for leadership. When balanced with academic learning, extracurricular activities may help students raise self esteem, develop school spirit and connect with adults in the community in a positive manner creating a good situation for all.

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Research

What is Research?
Before learning how to determine your research needs, lets first define what research is. Research is the investigation of a particular topic using a variety of reliable, scholarly resources. The three major goals of research are establishing facts, analyzing information and reaching new conclusions. The three main acts of doing research are searching for, reviewing and evaluating information. Learning what research is not may help you fully grasp the concept. Randomly selecting books from the library is not research, nor is surfing the internet. On the contrary, research requires organization, resourcefulness, reflection, synthesis and above all time.

Type of Research:
1] Basic Research Purpose of gaining knowledge It advanced understanding about social world Help in supporting & rejecting existing hypothesis & theories 2] Applied Research Aims at solving specific problems Aims at establishing policy programs that will help to improve social life Types of applied research are action research, social impact studies, cost benefit analysis evolution research

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3] Action Research It is application of fact findings to practical problem solving in a social situation with a view to improve quality of action within it, involving collaboration and cooperation of researchers, practitioners and laymen. It can be a situational (diagnose a problem and attempts to solve it), collaborative, participatory (researcher take part in implementation of findings) and self evaluation (it involves constant evaluation and adjustment of research and practice)

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1.2 Need for Research:

It is important for teachers, counselors and parents to know the over all impact of participating and being involved in out of school activities Determining the long lasting effects of extracurricular activities may help parents and students understand how participation can impact students development now and in the future. In addition to understanding the effects of being involved in these activities, it is important to know how these activities are influencing educational and carrier pathways beyond high school.

1.3 Definitions/ Terms:

There are terms that are used throughout the literature review that need to defined for the clarity of understanding. These terms are as follows; Extracurricular Activities organized student activities connected with school and usually carrying no academic credit. Out of school Programs activities and programs that meet before or after school or over summer vacations such as camps. Structured Extracurricular Activities highly structured activities that emphasize skill building, in which the skill attained increases in complexity under the guidance of competent adult leaders.

Operational Definition:
Extracurricular Activities: Any activity that is additional to core academic content of the school, usually taking place during non school hours. Activities can be housed in school or in the community this includes sports, drama, student government, dance, karate, etc.

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1.4 Aims of Research:

The researchers aim to find out the benefit of participation of students in extracurricular activities which will lead us career success. The researcher aim to find out; How extracurricular activities generate good academic outcomes of students How extracurricular activities aid psychological development of students How extracurricular activates give access to social capital of students.

1.5 Objectives of the Study:

1] Educational systems under stress often include extracurricular programming on the list of disposable services and cut funding allotted for such activities. 2] Study offers a comprehensive review of the meaningful impact of student extracurricular activities and the farther-reaching life benefits students gain from said participation. The body of research literature advocates for the continuation of the extra-curriculum in the promotion of positive school attitudes and academic productiveness. 3] Comparative information about the relative effectiveness of each activity type on student outcomes also will be presented. 4] Beginning exploration of activity characteristics and distinguishing study effects presented here also may direct further scientific inquiry into analyses of unique moderator variables. Said moderators would assist those who want to build effective extracurricular programs in the schools.

1.6 Scope of Study:

This chapter will provide discussion and examples of some of the positive effects in youth development based on participating in extracurricular activities. In addition, this chapter will also highlight some of the negative effects that may also
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take place in adolescent development due to injury, limited opportunity or overscheduled participation. Furthermore, this chapter will include what schools can do to encourage students to participate in extracurricular ctivities in hopes of reducing absenteeism, bullying, and high drop out rates. Lastly, this chapter will describe how extracurricular activities can effect personal, social and academic development in a positive manner. Benefits of Participation Social Skills and Social Networks Academic Achievement Role Models Potential Negative Impact of Participation Effects of Youth Development

1.7 Delimitations
This review of literature is limited to the study of extracurricular activities offered outside the school day. While aware of the many assets of holding a part-time job, this study will be limited to extracurricular leisure activities and will not focused on the work schedules and work-related employment of students. Another limitation to this study would be that although there may be much research on the topic, due to limited time and funding, the study may miss some of the important research due to limited access or availability.

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Chapter 2 Research Design

2.1 Introduction
Research is logical and systematic process to find out the solution of the problem. Research is a scientific method of analysis which includes several steps like problems, identification, hypothesis, formulation, observation analysis and find conclusion while research study is like to only from a carefully well designed plan which is popularly termed as research design. A research designed is the arrangement of condition for the collection analysis of data in a manner the aims to combine relevance to the research proposed with economy in the procedure. According to sellits and others research design is a catalogue of the various phases and fact relating to the formulation of the research effect. It is an arrangement of the essential conclusion for collection analysis of data from final amis to combine relevance to research purpose with economy in the procedure.

A Research Design must contain: A clear statement of the research problem Procedure & techniques to be used for gathering information The population to be studied The method to be used in processing and analysis data.

It is therefore imperative that an efficient and appropriate design must be prepaired before starting the research.

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Meaning of Research:
Research may be very broadly define as systematic gathering of data and information and its analysis for advancement of knowledge in any subject research attempts to find answer intellectual and pratical questions through application of systematic method.

Definition of Research: Systematic investigation process employed to increase or revise current knowledge by discovering new acts. It is divided into two general categories [1] basic research is inquiry aimed at increasing scientific knowledge and [2] applied research is effort aimed at using basic research for solving problems or developing new process, products or techniques.

Types of Research 1] Action Research: Action research is an interactive inquiry process that balances problem solving action implemented in a collaborative content with data driven collaborative analysis or research to understand underlying causes enabling future predictions about personal organization change. After 6 decades of action research development many methods have evolved that adjust the balance to focus more on the action taken or more on the research that result from the reflective understanding of the actions. 2] Individual Research: Individual research project program is design to address specific issue that complements the multiproject research center, meet high priority research needs of the national super fund program or tackle issue of emerging concern. Grants awarded under the mechanism will be for discrete. Single project. Grant application are solicited and awards made in response to the funding opportunity announcement.

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3] Fundamental Research: Fundamental research means experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the underline foundations of the phenomena and observable facts without any direct practical application or use in view.

Sampling:
Meaning: When taking sample from a larger population it is important to consider how the sample will be drawn. To get representative simple, the sample must be drawn randomly and encompass the entire population. For example : A lottery system could be used to determine the average age of student in a university by sampling 10% of the student body, taking an equal number of students from each faculty.

Definition: A process in statistical analysis in which a predetermined number of observations will be taken from larger population. The methodology used to sample from larger population will depend on the type of analysis being formed but will include simple random sampling systematic sampling and observational sampling.

Types of Sampling: 1} Probability Sampling: is one in which every unit in the population has a chance of being selected in the sample ad this probability can be accurately determined. The combination of this traits makes it possible to produce unbiased estimates of population total, by weighting sampled units according to their probability of selection. Probability sampling includes: simple random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified sampling, probability proportional to size sample and cluster or multistage sampling.
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2} Non Probability Sample: Non probability sampling is any sampling method where some elements of the population have no chance of selection or where the probability of selection cant be accurately determined. It involves the selection of elements based on assumptions regarding the population of interest which forms the criteria of selection. Hence because the selection of elements is nonrandom, non probability sampling does not allow the estimation of sampling errors. These conditions gives rise to exclusion bias, placing limits on how much information a sample can provide about the population. Information about the relationship between sample and population is limited making it difficult to extrapolate from the sample to the population. It includes accidental sampling, quota sampling ad purposive sampling. Methods of Sampling A] Non probability sampling 1. Surposive sampling 2. Quota chunk sampling 3. Incidental sampling B] Probability Sampling 1. 2. 3. 4. Simple sampling Stratified random sampling Cluster sampling Systematic sampling

2.2 Method of study:

Webster has define methodology as the science of method or arrangement. Research methodology involves systematic procedure starting from initial identification of the problem to it final conclusion. It rate is to carry on the research work in a specific and valid manner. It provides tools and techniques by which the research problem is attracted. Research methods are of must important I research process. Generally research methods are classified into three categories.
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1] Historical Method: This method of investigate provides a method to discover describe interpret research is to arrive of an accurate account of the part so as to gain clear perspective of the present. 2] Descriptive Method: This method of investigation helps to discover describe and interpret what exists at present by determining the natural degree of existing condition. It has been the more popular & more widely used research method in education. Descriptive research studded are designed to obtain precise information concerning the current status of phenomenon and when possible to draw valid general conclusion from the fact discovered descriptive studies are more than just a collection of data this involves measurement classification analysis comparison and interpretation.

2.3 Tools:
There are various tools for collecting data. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Questionnaire Qualitative studies Interviews Rating scale Psychological test Schedule Check list Observation Socio metric technique

1] Questionnaire: A form containing a set of questions, submitted to people to gain statistical information. 2] Qualitative Studies: it can be defined as an intensive holistic description and analysis of single entity, phenomenon or social unit case studies are particularistic descriptive and rely heavily on inductive reasoning in handling multiple data sources.
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3] Interviews: A formal meeting in person especially one arranged for assessment of the qualification of an applicant. A conversation in which one person elicits information from another person. A transcript or account if such a conversation is also called interview Th interview is both a research method ad a popular term of nonfiction 4] Rating Scale: a rating scale is a set of categories designed to elicit information about a quantitative or a qualitative attribute. In the social science common examples are the likert scale and 1 10 rating scales in which a person selects the number which is considered to reflect the perceived quantity of a product. 5] Psychological Test: psychological testing encompasses a wide range of diagnostic instruments that are designed to help therapists get more complete picture of their clients mental health. 6] Schedules: A plan for carrying out a process or procedure giving list of intended events and times. A plan for performing work or achieving an objective specifying the order and allotted time for each part. 7] Checklist: comprehensive list of important or relevant action or step to be taken in a specific order. Not to be confused with a check sheet. 8] Observation: the action or process of observing something or someone carefully or in order to gain information. The act of observing taking a patient look. 9] Socio metric technique: methods for quantitatively assessing and measuring interpersonal and group relationship.

The researcher has chosen the questionnaire as a tool for collecting data. A questionnaire was prepared for the research work on the selected topic as a tool for collection of data. 1. Questionnaire has 25 questions based on the given objective based on impact of extracurricular activities on social development of students

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2.4 Data Collection:

For carrying out the research work the questionnaire was given randomly to selected students of class VIII of Veer Savarkar English Medium High School.

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Chapter 3 Descriptive Analysis

3.1 Interpretation Tabular form Pie diagram

1] Do you know what the meaning of extracurricular activities is?

Q No. 1

No. of students said Yes 21

Yes %

70 %

No. of students said No 9

No %

30%

Extracurricular Activities

Yes % No %

Interpretation: Maximum students know the meaning of extracurricular activates.

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2] Do you have sports activity in school?

Q No. 2

No. of students said Yes 30

Yes %

100 %

No. of students said No 0

No %

0%

Sports Activities in school

Yes % No %

Interpretation: 100 % students said sports activity carried at school.

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3] Do you have music or dance activity in school?

Q No. 3

No. of students said Yes 30

Yes %

100 %

No. of students said No 0

No %

0%

Dance & Music activity in School

Yes % No %

Interpretation: 100 % students said for dance and music activity at school.

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4] Have you ever attained any extracurricular activity?

Q No. 4

No. of students said Yes 16

Yes %

53 %

No. of students said No 14

No %

47%

Attaindance in Extracurricular Activity

Yes % No %

Interpretation: Only 53 % students attain extracurricular activates.

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5] Have these activities have been conducted as during specific class?

Q No. 5

No. of students said Yes 30

Yes %

100 %

No. of students said No 0

No %

0%

Extracurricular activity period

Yes % No %

Interpretation: Most of students either attained PT or music class during school hours.

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6} Have you actively participated in extracurricular activities?

Q No. 6

No. of students said Yes 22

Yes %

73 %

No. of students said No 8

No %

27%

Participation in Extracurricular activities

Yes & No %

Interpretation: Most of students said they have actively participated in extra curricular activities.

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7] Do you like cricket as a extracurricular activity?

Q No.

No. of students said Yes 17

Yes %

56 %

No. of students said No 13

No %

46%

Cricket

Yes % No %

Interpretation: More than 50% students play cricket in school.

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8] Do your teachers tell you about what is important of participating in cocurricular activities?

Q No. 8

No. of students said Yes 21

Yes %

70 %

No. of students said No 9

No %

30%

Teachers on Extracurricular Activities

Yes % No %

Interpretation: Most of students said teachers educated them about importance of extracurricular activities

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9] Do you think extracurricular activities help you perform better in academics?

Q No. 9

No. of students said Yes 14

Yes %

46 %

No. of students said No 16

No %

54%

Performance in academics

Yes % No %

Interpretation: Only 46% students agreed that extracurricular activities helped them to improve academic performance.

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10] Do you think school is offering good scope to extracurricular activities?

Q No. 10

No. of students said Yes 20

Yes %

66 %

No. of students said No 10

No %

33%

School offering scope of extracurricular activities

Yes % No %

Interpretation: Most of students said school was offering adequate facilities for extracurricular activities.

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11] Does your school actively participate in inter school competition?

Q No. 11

No. of students said Yes 23

Yes %

76 %

No. of students said No 7

No %

24%

Participation Inter School Competition

Yes % N0 %

Interpretation: Most of the students said their school participated in school competition.

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12] Does your school give opportunities to participate in state level competitions?

Q No. 12

No. of students said Yes 13

Yes %

43 %

No. of students said No 17

No %

57 %

School participation in state level competition

Yes % No %

Interpretation: Only 43% students agreed to the point that school was providing them with opportunities for participation in state level competition.

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13] Do many students participate in annual sports day in school?

Q No. 13

No. of students said Yes 23

Yes %

83 %

No. of students said No 5

No %

17 %

Annual Sports Day Participation

Yes % No %

Interpretation: All most all students participated in annual sports day in school

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14] Are enough facilities available in school for supporting extracurricular activities?

Q No. 14

No. of students said Yes 14

Yes %

46 %

No. of students said No 16

No %

54 %

Facilities available in school for supporting extracurricular activities

Yes % No %

Interpretation: There was enough space for improvement of facilities for supporting extracurricular activities as per students.

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15] Does school have dedicated staff and teacher for conducting extracurricular activities?

Q No. 15

No. of students said Yes 14

Yes %

46 %

No. of students said No 16

No %

54 %

Staff for extracurricular activitires

Yes % 2nd Qtr

Interpretation: As per students there is more requirement for dedicated staff for extracurricular activities.

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16] Is there specific slots given in for extracurricular activities? Q No. 16 No. of students said Yes 30 Yes % No. of students said No 0 No %

100 %

0%

Specific slots for extracurricular activities

Yes % No %

Interpretation : School conducted either PT or music class on regular intervals.

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17] Does your school have music room for students who like to participate in music?

Q No. 17

No. of students said Yes 0

Yes %

0%

No. of students said No 30

No %

100 %

Music Room

Yes % No %

Interpretation: There was no music room in school

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18] Does your school has own play ground for students?

Q No. 18

No. of students said Yes 30

Yes %

100 %

No. of students said No 0

No %

0%

Own play ground

Yes % No %

Interpretation: School has own play ground for extracurricular activities.

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19] Do these extracurricular activities help development of personality?

Q No. 19

No. of students said Yes 30

Yes %

100 %

No. of students said No 0

No %

0%

Personality development

Yes % No %

Interpretation: all the students agreed to the point extracurricular activity helps in personality development.

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20] Does extracurricular activities helps you become physically fit?

Q No. 20

No. of students said Yes 30

Yes %

100 %

No. of students said No 0

No %

0%

Physical development

Yes % No %

Interpretation: all the students said extracurricular activity helped in physical development.

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21] Are you doing too much time to extracurricular actives?

Q No. 21

No. of students said Yes 17

Yes %

56 %

No. of students said No 13

No %

44 %

Sales

Yes % 2nd Qtr

Interpretation: 56% students said they are given too much time to extracurricular activities.

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22] Do your parents support you for extracurricular activities?

Q No. 22

No. of students said Yes 24

Yes %

80 %

No. of students said No 6

No %

20 %

Parents support

Yes % No %

Interpretation: it was good to see that almost all the parents were supporting childrens for extracurricular activities.

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23] Do you want to devote more time to extracurricular activities?

Q No. 23

No. of students said Yes 20

Yes %

67 %

No. of students said No 10

No %

33 %

More time for extracurricular activities.

Yes % No %

lt was Interpretation: result was satisfactory as only 67% students were interested in devoting more time to extracurricular activities.

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24] Do you want to school to promote more these kind of activities?

Q No. 24

No. of students said Yes 18

Yes %

600 %

No. of students said No 12

No %

40 %

School promote extracurricular activities

Yes % No%

Interpretation: 60% students schools to promote more such activities

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25] Have you won any medals in any of extracurricular activities?

Q No. 25

No. of students said Yes 17

Yes %

57 %

No. of students said No 13

No %

43%

Medals

1st Qtr 2nd Qtr

Interpretation: 57 % students had won medals in extracurricular activities, which is good sign for any school.

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Chapter 4 Summary & Conclusion

4.1 Summary About Research Research and experimental development is formal work undertaken systematically to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of humanity, culture.

Topic A Study of the Impact of Extracurricular Activities on social Development of Students Studying in VIII Class of School Introduction Extracurricular activities are a task performed by students outside the school. It is school exercise set for physical development of students. Benefits of participating in extracurricular activities include having better grades, having higher standardized test scores and higher educational attainment, attending school more regularly and having higher a higher self concept. There are 3 types of Research 1 2 3 Fundamental Research Action Research Applied Research

Action Research Action research or participatory action research is a research initiated to solve an immediate problem or a reflective process of progressive problem solving led by
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individuals working with others in teams or as part of a community of practice to improve the way they address issues and solve problems.

Need for Research Research provides a platform to teachers and students to work together for upgrading the learning environment like extracurricular activities in school which forms an indispensable part of the learning process.

Definition Extracurricular Activities: Any activity that is additional to core academic content of the school, usually taking place during non school hours. Activities can be housed in school or in the community this includes sports, drama, student government, dance, karate, etc.

Impact Impact means the effect of something.

Aims of the Study To solve the problems faced by the students in extracurricular activities and how these activities benefit students. To study the impact of extracurricular activities on academics performance.

Objectives To study the impact of extracurricular activities on students in secondary school

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To discover the mastery level of extracurricular activities are positively influenced by student motivation and interest level.

Scope of the Research The area covered by a given activity or subject is called scope The researcher has chosen this topic to avoid burden on students with excess extracurricular activities and help them to develop psychological and physical development.

Method of Study The Researcher has used Descriptive method SAMPLE Convenient Sample

Tools QUESTIONNAIRE Questionnaire are a good way to obtain information from a large number of people and or people who may not have the time to attend an interview or take part in experiments .They enable people to take their time think about it and come back to questionnaire later participants can state their views or feeling privately without worrying about the possible reaction of the researcher

Data Analysis Collected data analysed in tabular and graphical form

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4.2 Conclusion: The researcher identified some problem during the course of her research work. She identified the problems and gave remedial measures. The researcher also helped in finding out various reasons for not liking extracurricular activities & infact it helped in giving solutions to perform such activities regularly in school.

4.3 Findings 1. The extracurricular activities are enjoyed by students. 2. The impact of extracurricular activities is more on children when their parents support them. 3. Extracurricular activities are useful in achieving good academic performance. 4. Extracurricular activities helps students in physical development 5. To come top in extracurricular activities students resort for dance class karate class, gym, etc 6. Too many activities also pose some problem to students like injuries. 7. If someone is good in extracurricular activities it may open doors for carrier development. 8. Now a days most of students take part in annual sports day in school 9. Extracurricular activities not only help in physical development but also in psychological development too. 10. Now parents and school both motivate students to take active part in extracurricular activities.

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4.4 Suggestions To the Students Students who perform well in extracurricular activities are physically fit. Students who take part actively in extracurricular activities are psychologically sound also they are feel fresh all the time as their energy level is always high Students should take part in extracurricular activity develop confidence in them Students should take part in extracurricular activity which also result in high academic performance Students should take part in extracurricular activity which makes them buzy and do not resort to bad activities like smoking, etc Therefore it is advisable to students that they should do extracurricular activity on daily basis without any force. To the Teachers Teachers should support and motivate students for taking part in extracurricular activities. Teachers should monitor performance of students while they are performing extracurricular activities, as excessive activity may lead to injuries Teacher should give importance to extracurricular activities and treat it like part of curriculum. To the Principal Principal should be aware whether extracurricular activities are happening on regular intervals. Principal should make it compulsory for the teachers to promote extracurricular activities, if any students makes it to state level or national level, it will make name for school. Principal should make it compulsory for students to take participate in inter school or interstate competitions.

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4.5 Recommendations for further Research

On the basis of this research the recommendations for further research can be done on The researcher has taken VIII standard students further research can be done on IX standard The researcher has done on extracurricular activities, further research can be done on sports or inter school competitions. The researcher has done research on English medium students further research can be done on Hindi and Marathi medium

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