Ansys Mechanical APDL Lecture 8 by Haydar Alsalami From IRAQ - Hilla, Studied in JNTUH - INDIA .

Building Analysis with Natural Frequency according to self Mass and Weight:
Building Structure: Roof color Beam color keypoint color
1 | Haydar Alsalami \ JNTUH \ India mobile: 00919059070644 Iraq mobile: 009647801518389 E-Mail: haydar2200@yahoo.com
This is important thing we must do, Changing Job Name is the better way to save our work later without any problems.
Hint: Sometimes, some windows disappear, so click on this icon
Enter the Job Name you want. And Pick Yes for new Log error file this is good for Session Editor.
Preprocessor:
Choosing structural to update all mechanical and physical properties such as Loads, stresses .. etc.
In structure we have many Element types, first we choose Structure Mass 3D mass 21, this is because we want to analysis the building according to its Mass.
Then we choose Beam 3D Finite strain or 2 node 188, because the Lines in the construction of this building take the Beam Element.
Shell 3D 4node 181, for Roofs
Combination (Spring Damper) we add this Element Type to the building because we want apply Natural Frequency according to the Mass of building
(Spring Damper) element type makes Natural Frequency and frequently motion like pull and push without any external force.
Select for structural Mass element type, from Options (3D w/o rot inertia) means we dont need any rotation in the mass, just concentrate downward.
Add Real Constant for Mass : enter the amount of mass for FLOOR let us say (50 kg), then Apply.
Enter the amount of mass for Beam because it is different from Floor let us say (30 kg), then OK.
We must enter Spring Constant according to any problem, we take it here = 2500, also if there is Damping Coefficient, this is OK, but here we dont have. Also we have to set the Real Constant Set No. as we wish, here we take it = 3, because this will help us in Mesh Attribute. Real Constant for Combination
No Real Constants for Beam and Shell
At last we get this
We will Add material properties later, (this is up to you), but now we will complete the modeling.
Change view and you will get these Keypoints
These represent the ground keypoints
Now make a Copy to the keypoints Pick the four keypoints then Apply
No. of copies: includes No. of original keypoints set + any No. as you want, here we select 2 sets to be easier to connect with Lines later Enter 4 , distance on Y-axis
Click Fit to see the keypoints
Pick OK
Connect the keypoints to get the first Floor (Storey)
After you complete pick OK
Repeat same procedure, Copy the upper keypoints and do as in the fig.
Click Fit again you will see only keypoints.
Select Multi-Plots
You will get this
Repeat same procedure, Copy keypoints and Connect with Lines until you get this.
Make the Floor Area. By Arbitrary By Lines, select only four Lines then Apply.
Repeat same procedure Floor after Floor, until you get this.
Now we reach the IMPORTANT step, means adding other keypoints for Spring Element represent the (Natural Frequency), these keypoints must be drawn at the same height of top Floor, so make Copy for any two keypoints on same side on the top Floor at any span you want
Now connect these two points with Lines
Enter two difference properties one for the Beam another for Floor.
Choose any Section for Beam and fill as in the Fig. remember ID = 2 because it is Carbon
Enter Shell thickness, means Floor thickness. Remember ID = 1 , because it is Aluminum . OK.
Apply Mesh Attributes, first for Areas, but attention it is very critical to select the suitable properties and Real constants as in the fig.
Material No. = 1 (Aluminum) Real Constant = 1 (Mass = 50kg for Floor) For Picked Areas we choose Shell, and already it will take the Mass Element Section for Shell, thickness = 0.25 called Floor
Select All Lines except two Lines for Spring as in the fig.
Material No. = 2 (Carbon) Real Constant = 2 (Mass = 30kg for Beam) For Picked Lines we choose BEAM, and already it will take the Mass Element Section for Beam Dimension = 0.25 * 0.25 called Beam
Select these two Lines
No matter select 1 or 2 , this will not considered because of combination Real Constant = 3 (K = 2500 for Spring) For Picked Lines we choose COMBINATION No matter select any thing , this will not considered because of combination
Now select All the keypoints that you want to show the concentrated Mass on it, I picked All keypoints at the corners except at the ground and at the end of Spring as in the fig.
Material No. = 1 (Aluminum) Real Constant = 1 (Mass = 50kg for Floor) For Picked Keypoints we choose MASS
Select Manual Mesh and mesh the two Line for Spring No. of Division = 1 this is to get Natural Frequency as Dinesh said. (we can enter another numbers but this wont give us Natural Frequency)
Mesh remaining Lines No. of Division = 10
Mesh Keypoints : Select All keypoints except at ground and at the end of spring. This is important to make a relationship between analysis of Shell (Floor) and Beam.
You will get this
Mesh Lines : pick Line by Line (each Line) but dont use the command (Pick All)
Apply Displacement constraint on keypoints at ground only, All DOF
Apply self-weight (depending on Mass) : Structural Inertia Gravity Global, then enter (9.81) with Y-axis
Yes
Until now we complete first stage of our work of drawing Natural Frequency, we must press Finish before we enter the next stage.
In the previous examples we analyze as a Static (means any geometry with static load), so when we want to post to next stage such as Modal , we have to finish our work as a Static (like we just done) then introduce to choosing the Modal, (same procedure must done if we want another types in the window below)
Static : Any shape with static loads. Modal : Any shape with self-weight and natural frequency. Harmonic : Any shape with external force. Transient : Any shape analysis with respect to time. Spectrum : Any shape with respect to crack propagation.
Analysis Options : this window for setup motion of frequency like up and down (all these options for choosing the shape of frequency) and where it should affect .. select (Block Lanczos) if there is no solution select (PCG Lanczos) they give same work.
Enter 10 for example, means the No. of Nodes that expose to the extraction of Frequency
Enter 10, means the No. of Nodes that expose to the expansion of Frequency
Pick Yes
Pick OK
Frequency start from 0 unit Frequency end at 10 units Select To unity for better frequency as Dinesh said
Pick OK
Pick (First Set) nothing happen but the Ansys understands that we want Read and Plot the first set of NODES in the drawing, means first motion how its look like.
First Set give us the following deformation
Pick (Next Set) nothing happen but the Ansys understands that we want Read and Plot the next set of NODES in the drawing, means next motion how its look like.
And so-on, but for better and real view activate the Animation, and you will see the real Natural Frequency.
TimeHist Postpro: from appearing window we can setup a graphs like between Time and Distance.
Pick Add Data
For example select DOF solution with X-axis
I select this keypoint
Drag this window and select any keypoints or any element in the drawing.
Pick OK
Pick Graph Data, means the change of Distance with Time for this keypoint. You can see here the Time always appear, and below is the chosen type for graph
Note: since we are in Modal study then we can graph Time with Deformation only (UX, UY and UZ), when enter to Harmonic we can graph with Stress, as Dinesh said
This is like scientific calculator if you need it to solve any equation you can use it, and (maybe solved equation can used in the graph) as Dinesh said.

Ansys Mechanical APDL Lecture 8 by Haydar Alsalami From IRAQ - Hilla, Studied in JNTUH - INDIA .

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Ansys Mechanical APDL Lecture 8 by Haydar Alsalami From IRAQ - Hilla, Studied in JNTUH - INDIA .

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Building Analysis with Natural Frequency according to self Mass and Weight:

Building Structure: Roof color Beam color keypoint color

Hint: Sometimes, some windows disappear, so click on this icon

Shell 3D 4node 181, for Roofs

No Real Constants for Beam and Shell

At last we get this

Change view and you will get these Keypoints

These represent the ground keypoints

Click Fit to see the keypoints

Connect the keypoints to get the first Floor (Storey)

After you complete pick OK

Click Fit again you will see only keypoints.

You will get this

Now connect these two points with Lines

Select these two Lines

Mesh remaining Lines No. of Division = 10

You will get this

Apply Displacement constraint on keypoints at ground only, All DOF

First Set give us the following deformation

Pick Add Data

For example select DOF solution with X-axis

I select this keypoint

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