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ACHIEVEMENTS AND CHALLENGES FOR SMART GRIDS

Michele de Nigris RSE: Director T&D Technologies

Who are we quoting with this sentence?


I'd put my money on the sun and solar energy. What a source of power! I hope we don't have to wait until oil and coal run out before we tackle that

Thomas Edison in conversation with Henry Ford and Harvey Firestone (1931)
Quoted from Uncommon Friends : Life with Thomas Edison, Henry Ford, Harvey Firestone, Alexis Carrel & Charles Lindbergh (1987) by James Newton, p. 31

What prevented Edison to pursue his plan ?


Energy context Economy based on fossil fuels for 60 more years Business plan Opportunities linked with large power plants supplying customers through passive transmission and distribution networks vertically integrated companies development model Technology Power electronics, solar technologies, telecomunication, automation Environmental context No issue linked with carbon emissions, sustainability, air quality

Typical structure of the electricity system 1900-2000

Bulk power generation - unidirectional power flow passive system and users

http://www.webpages.uidaho.edu/sustainability/chapters/ch06/ch06-p3a.asp

All pieces are nowadays aligned for the perfect storm

CO2

Techn.

E.U. ENERGY TARGETS


SUSTAINABILITY: 35% RES BY 2020 DECARBONISE BY 2050 COMPETITIVITY: REDUCE ENERGY BILL CREATE GREEN ECONOMY SECURITY OF SUPPLY: WIDEN ENERGY PORTFOLIO ENERGY EFFICIENCY MESURES RES targets

Market struct.

ITALY: A RAPID GROWTH IN RES INTEGRATION

WIND [GWh]

PHOTOVOLTAIC [GWh]
SOURCE GSE

PV POWER IN ITALY
2011 INSTALLED POWER IN ITALY: 12.773 MW

INSTALLED POWER OF PV PLANTS NUMBER OF PV PLANTS

LOCATION OF PV PLANTS OVER THE ITALIAN TERRITORY


SOURCE GSE

A STRIKING CONSEQUENCE
SITUATION AS SEEN FROM THE HV SIDE (380kV) ON THE DAY AFTER EASTER 2010 VS 2012

794 MW P.V. INSTALLED

A STRIKING CONSEQUENCE

PROBLEMS FOR SYSTEM STABILITY FREQUENCY CONTROL PROBLEMS AT THE INTERFACES PROTECTION PROBLEMS ON THE MV/LV SECTIONS: VOLTAGE PROFILE PROBLEMS ON THE LV SECTIONS: SAFETY

SMART GRIDS ARE A MUST !

SOURCE I.E.A.

Smart Grids can be described as an upgraded electricity network characterized by a high level of flexibility and self-adaptability fostered by a two-way digital communication between supplier and consumer, intelligent metering and monitoring systems.

AN INTERNATIONAL EFFORT IS ESSENTIAL


EU: ENTSO-e: NEW CONNECTION RULES FOR GENERATORS CENELEC: TC8X WG3: REQUIREMENTS FOR THE CONNECTION OF GENERATORS TO THE DISTRIBUTION NETWORK DE: new grid codes: HV, MV, LV IT: CEI 0-16 (MV); CEI 0-21 (LV) SP: P.V. same connection rules as for wind

INVESTMENTS IN SMART GRIDS PROJECTS


MORE THAN 300 PROJECTS MOSTLY NATIONAL FUNDINGS EU-15 COUNTRIES LEADING INVESTMENTS, EU12 COUNTRIES LAGGING BEHIND UK, GERMANY, FRANCE AND ITALY ARE LEADING INVESTMENTS DENMARK IS THE LEADING COUNTRY IN R&D PROJECTS

SOURCE J.R.C.

NUMER OF SMART GRIDS PROJECTS PER SIZE

SEVERAL COUNTRIES INVEST IN NUMEROUS SMALL PROJECTS FOCUS ON SPECIFIC NATIONAL TARGETS NEED OF LARGE INTER REGIONAL OF INTERNATIONAL PROJECTS

SOURCE J.R.C.

EUROPEAN DEVELOPMENT CONTEXT

EUROPEAN INDUSTRIAL INITIATIVES - EII

EUROPEAN ENERGY RESEARCH ALLIANCE EERA

EUROPEAN TECHNOLOGY PLATFORMS ETP

EUROPEAN RESEARCH AREA NETWORKS ERA-NET

KNOWLEDGE AND INNOVATION COMMUNITIES

EUROPEAN SMART GRIDS DEVELOPMENT PLAN


MAP INITIATIVES UPDATE PRIORITIES CHECK FOR GAPS

INTERACT WORLDWIDE

European industrial smart grids plan

DEFINE ELIGIBILITY

LEVERAGE EXPERIENCE

MONITOR CONTRIBUTION

FRAMEWORK OF COLLABORATION

EUROPEAN DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES - TRANSMISSION


POWER TECHNOLOGIES
T3: DEMONSTRATION OF POWER TECHNOLOGIES FOR NETWORK FLEXIBILITY T4: DEMONSTRATION OF POWER TECHNOLOGIES FOR NEW ARCHITECTURES T5: DEMONSTRATION OF RES INTEGRATION

PAN EUROPEAN GRID ARCHITECTURE


T1: TOOLBOX FOR NEW NETWORK ARCHITECTURE ASSESSMENT T2: TOOLS FOR PAN EUROPEAN NETWORK EXPANSION OPTIONS T14: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND PUBLIC ACCEPTANCE

NETWORK MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL


T6: TOOLS FOR PAN EUROPEAN NETWORK OBSERVABILITY T7: TOOLS FOR COORDINATED OPERATIONS WITH STABILITY MARGIN EVALUATION T8: IMPROVED TRAINING TOOLS FOR IMPROVED COORDINATION T9: TOOLS FOR PAN EUROPEAN NETWORK RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT

MARKET RULES

T10: TOOLS FOR PAN EUROPEAN BALANCING MARKETS T11: ADVANCED TOOLS FOR CAPACITY ALLOCATION AND CONGESTION MANAGEMENT T12: TOOLS FOR RENEWABLE MARKET INTEGRATION T13: TOOLS FOR INTEGRATION OF ACTIVE DEMAND INTO OPERATION

EUROPEAN DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES - DISTRIBUTION


INTEGRATE INTELLIGENT USERS D1. Active Demand Response D2. Energy efficiency from Smart Homes INTEGRATION OF RENEWABLES D3. Integration of DG in l.v. networks D4. Integration of DER in MV networks D5. Intergration of storage in network management D6. Integration of EV recharging NETWORK MANAGEMENT D7. monitoring and control of lv network D8. automation and control of MV networks D9. Network management tools D10. Management of the AMI data NETWORK PLANNING AND ASSETS D11. New tools for distribution networks planning D12. Stools for asset management NEW MARKETS D13. new market architectures

prosumer

RES Network management Network planning

Market structures

THE GLOBAL CONTEXT: ISGAN


HIGH-LEVEL GOVERNMENT ATTENTION AND ACTION TO ACCELERATE WORLD-WIDE DEVELOPMENT AND DEPLOYMENT OF SMARTER ELECTRICITY GRIDS Facilitates dynamic knowledge sharing, technical assistance, peer review and, where appropriate, project coordination. Sponsors activities that accelerate smart grid deployment and address knowledge gaps Is organized as an Implementing Agreement of IEA (2011) Reports to Clean Energy Ministerial (2010) Fulfills a key recommendation in the Smart Grids Technology Action Plan (published by Major Economies Forum Global Partnership, 2009)
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GEOGRAPHY OF ISGAN

INTERNATIONAL DRIVERS FOR S.G. DEPLOYMENT

EXAMPLES OF NATIONAL INITIATIVES FOR S.G. DEPLOYMENT

ITALY - SMART GRIDS P.O.I. PROGRAMS


Enable the integration of distributed generation in the distribution network, demonstrating on several test sites the evolution of the network towards a passive/active management mix. The program practically aims at transforming the MV network structure to host PV plants 100 kW 1 MW; Two projects are active today: POI 1 77 M POI 2 123 M

SOURCE MiSE

ITALY: REGULATORS INITIATIVES


ARG/ELT 39/10 25/3/2010: Incentives for smart grids investments of Distribution companies. Pilot projects on MV active distribution networks with RES/storage including HV/MV substations featuring innovative solutions for monitoring, control and automation of MV network; Key Performance Indicators: Number of real points of DG Quantity/quality of electricity distributed + quality issues Increase of DG Degree of active involvement of customers and storage systems in the project

INCREASING THE RES HOSTING CAPACITY IN DISTRIBUTION


8 projects awarded Several regions concerned Projects started January 2011 3 years demonstration Total 16.5 M (higher ROI rate) Transformation of portions of HV/MV substations and medium voltage network already experiencing reverse energy flux; Management of DG (dispatching, protection, supervision, automation, voltage regulation, communication); Pre-requisite: high replicability

ELECTRIC STORAGE: REGULATORS INITIATIVES ARG - 288/2012/R/eel


Pilot projects on transmission network, using electrochemical storage technologies Up to 3 projects (based on CBA) incentives: WACC+2% for 12 years Size sufficient to demonstrate real increase of large scale VRES integration including dynamic network control systems Benefits calculated on:
Reduction of production curtailment Efficiency of charging/discharging cycles Costs of energy based on benchmarks

Costs include
CAPEX, OPEX including dynamic rating evaluation systems

Widespread dissemination of results

Michele.denigris@rse-web.it

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