OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

##
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REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL

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RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986Checked

etc.
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' v2.1

Revision

chg

1999-2002 BCA for RCC

IDEALISED STRUCTURE and FORCE DIAGRAMS

RED MESSAGES INDICATE ENTRY ERRORS.

Page

20-Feb-2013

101
Job No

R68

DESIGN STATUS:

VALID

WARNING :
Passive pressure should
only be considered if it
can be guaranteed that
there will be no future
excavation in front of
the wall.

DIMENSIONS (mm)
H=
1550
B=
1200
Hw =
0
BI =
200
Hp =
0
BN =
0
Hn =
0
MATERIAL PROPERTIES
N/mm
gm =
fcu =
40
N/mm
gm =
fy =
460
cover to tension steel =
Max allowable design surface crack width (W) =
Concrete density =
SOIL PROPERTIES
Design angle of int'l friction of retained mat'l () =
Design cohesion of retained mat'l (C ) =
Density of retained mat'l (q ) =
Submerged Density of retained mat'l (qs ) =
Design angle of int'l friction of base mat'l (b) =
Design cohesion of base material (Cb ) =
Density of base material (qb ) =
Allowable gross ground bearing pressure (GBP) =
LOADINGS

Surcharge load -- live (SQK) =

Surcharge load -- dead (SGK) =
Line load -- live (LQK) =
Line load -- dead (LGK) =
Distance of line load from wall (X) =

LATERAL FORCES (unfactored)

PE =
PS(GK) =
PS(QK) =
PL(GK) =
PL(QK) =
PW =
Total
PP =

Ka =
Kp =
Kpc =
Kac =

Tw =
Tb =
TN =

250
250
0

1.5
1.05
40
0.3
24

concrete
steel
mm
mm
kN/m

30
0
18
0.00
20
10
10
50

degree
kN/m
kN/m
kN/m
degree
kN/m
kN/m
kN/m

(0.2 or 0.3
mm only)

BS8007 specifies crack widths of 0.1 or

0.2 mm.
Wall Geometry

0
5
0
0
0
0.33
2.04
2.86
1.15

(Only granular backfil considered, "C" = zero)

[default=2/3*q (only apply when Hw
12.00
>0) ] =
ASSUMPTIONS

a) Wall friction is zero

b) Minimum active earth pressure = 0.25qH
c) Granular backfill
d)Does not include check of rotational slide/slope failure
kN/m
e)Does not include effect of seepage of ground
water beneath the wall.
f)Does not include deflection check of wall due to
kN/m
kN/m
lateral earth pressures
mm
h) Design not intended for walls over 3.0 m high
i) Does not include check for temp. or shrinkage effects
[ default ka = (1-SIN )/(1+SIN )0.33
]
=
[ default kp = (1+SIN b)/(1-SIN b)
2.04] =
[ default kpc = 2kp0.5 ] =
2.86
[ 2ka0.5 ]

Force

Lever arm

Moment about TOE

gf

Fult

Mult

(kN)
7.21
2.58
0.00
0.00
0.00

(m)
LE = 0.517
LS = 0.78
LS = 0.78
LL = 1.55
LL = 1.55

(kNm)
3.72
2.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

1.40
1.40
1.60
1.40
1.60

(kN)
10.09
3.62
0.00
0.00
0.00

(kNm)
5.21
2.80
0.00
0.00
0.00

0.00

1.40

0.00

LW = 0.00

9.79

0.00

ENTER DATA IN BLUE CELLS ONLY.

5.73

(LP-HN) = 0.00

0.00

1.00

0.00

0.00

REINFORCEMENT DENSITY

13.71

8.02

67.6 kg/m

0.00

0.00

0.00001

7.21

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RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986

Checked etc. Revision
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' v2.1

chg

1999-2002 BCA for RCC

EXTERNAL STABILITY
OVERTURNING about TOE
(using overall factor of safety instead of partial safety factor)
Overturning
Moments

Lateral FORCE (kN)

PE =
PS(GK) =
PS(QK) =
PL(GK) =
PL(QK) =
PW =
P =
Pp =

7.21
2.58
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

Lever arm (m)

LE =
LS =
LS =
LL =
LL =
LW =

Moment (kNm)

0.52
0.78
0.78
1.55
1.55
0.00

3.72
2.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

102
Job No

R68

STABILITY CHECKS :

OK

F.O.S = 1.50
LOADING OPTION
(select critical load combination)
EARTH
PS(GK)
Warning:
PS(QK)
PL(GK)

PL(QK)
PW

9.79

0.00

(LP-HN) = 0.00

0.00
Mo = 5.73

Restoring
Moments

Vertical FORCE (kN)

Wall =
Base =
Nib =
Earth =
Water =
Surcharge =
Line load =
V =

Lever arm (m)

7.80
7.20
0.00
17.55
0.00
3.75
0.00

Moment (kNm)

0.33
0.60
0.00
0.83
0.83
0.83
0.45

2.54
4.32
0.00
14.48
0.00
3.09
0.00
Mr = 24.43

36.30

Warning:
ALLOW BUOYANCY OF BASE

Factor of Safety, Mr / Mo =
SLIDING

(using overall factor of safety instead of partial safety factor)

Sum of LATERAL FORCES, P =

PASSIVE FORCE, Pp x Reduction factor (1) =

BASE FRICTION ( V TANb + B Cb ) =
Sum of FORCES RESISTING SLIDING, Pr =

9.79

4.27

> 1.50

F.O.S =

1.50

OK

kN
Red'n factor for passive force = 1.00

0.00 kN
-25.21 kN
-25.21 kN

Factor of Safety, Pr / P =

2.58

> 1.50

OK

Taking moments about centre of base (anticlockwise "+") :

GROUND BEARING FAILURE
Vertical FORCES (kN) Lever arm (m)

Wall =
Base =
Nib =
Earth =
Water =
Surcharge=
Line load =
V =

7.80
7.20
0.00
17.55
0.00
3.75
0.00
36.30

0.28
0.00
0.60
-0.23
-0.23
-0.23
0.15

BEARING PRESSURE (KN/m)

Moment (kNm)

0.00
0

2.15
0.00
0.00
-3.95
0.00
-0.84
0.00
Mv =
-2.65

Moment due to LATERAL FORCES, Mo =

5.73

kNm

Resultant Moment, M = Mv + Mo =

3.08

kNm

Eccentricity from base centre, M / V =

Therefore, MAXIMUM Gross Bearing Pressure (GRP) =

0.08
43

m
kN/m

1.20

50

< 50

OK

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RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986

Checked etc. Revision
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' v2.1

chg

1999-2002 BCA for RCC

R68

OUTER BASE ( per metre length )

gf =
V ult =
M ult =

1.40
9.42
2.11

BS8110

(default = ult mt / non-factored mt.1.40

)=
kN
kNm
( '+' TENSION AT BOTTOM FACE)

BOTTOM REINFORCEMENT :

SHEAR RESISTANCE:

reference

325
12
200
565

mm2
mm
mm
mm2

d=
z=
As' =
Mres =

204
193.80
0
48.01

mm
mm
mm2
kNm

> 2.11

OK

100 As/bd =
vc =
Vres =

0.28%
0.57
116.35

N/mm2
kN

> 9.42

OK

Min. As =

f=

centres =
Asprov =
MOMENT of RESISTANCE :

104
Job No

Table 3.25

< 624
> 325

OK
OK

3.12.11.2.7(b)

3.4.4.4

Table 3.8
3.5.5.2

CHECK CRACK WIDTH TO BS8110/BS8007

(Temperature
:
and shrinkage effects not included)

X=
Acr =

49.59
104.07

em = -0.00106

mm
mm

W=

BS8007

-0.20 mm
NO CRACKING

< 0.30

OK

App. B.2

INNER BASE ( per metre length )

V ult =
M ult =

8.72
2.93

kN
kNm

(TENSION - TOP FACE)

325
12
200
565

mm2
mm
mm
mm2

d=
z=
As' =
Mres =

204
193.80
0
48.01

mm
mm
mm2
kNm

> 2.93

OK

100 As/bd =
vc =
Vres =

0.28%
0.57
116.35

N/mm2
kN

> 8.72

OK

Min. As =
f=
centres =
Asprov =

TOP REINFORCEMENT :

MOMENT RESISTANCE :

SHEAR RESISTANCE:

Table 3.25

< 624
> 325

OK
OK

3.12.11.2.7(b)

3.4.4.4

Table 3.8
3.5.5.2

CHECK CRACK WIDTH to BS8100/ BS8007

(Temperature
:
and shrinkage effects not included)

X=
Acr =

49.59
104.07

em = -0.00102

mm
mm

W=

-0.19

BS8007

mm

< 0.30

OK

REINFORCEMENT SUMMARY for BASE

TOP (DESIGN)
BOTTOM (DESIGN)
TRANSVERSE

Type

Centers

As

Min. As

T
T
T

mm
12
12
12

mm
200
200
200

mm2
565
565
565

mm2
325
325
325

OK
OK
OK

App. B.2

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RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986

Checked etc. Revision
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' v2.1

chg

1999-2002 BCA for RCC

Job No

R68

APPROXIMATE WEIGHT OF REINFORCEMENT

No.

Type

Dia

Length

Unit Wt

Weight

WALL

VERTICAL - External face

VERTICAL - Internal face
TRANSVERSE (Ext.& Int.)

6
6
14

T
T
T

12
12
12

1396
1396
1000

0.888
0.888
0.888

7.44
7.44
12.43

BASE

TOP (MAIN)
BOTTOM (MAIN)
TRANSVERSE ( T & B )
WALL STARTERS (Ext.)
WALL STARTERS (Int.)

6
6
14
6
6

T
T
T
T
T

12
12
12
12
12

1296
1296
1000
1055
1055

0.888
0.888
0.888
0.888
0.888

6.90
6.90
12.43
5.62
5.62

NIB

(assume same reinforcement as wall)

INTERNAL FACE (MAIN)
6
EXTERNAL FACE (MAIN)
6
TRANSVERSE (EXT.+ INT.)
2

T
T
T

12
12
12

96
96
1000

0.888
0.888
0.888

0.51
0.51
1.78

SUMMARY

Approx total reinforcement per metre length of wall (kg)

105

67.6

Project
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Diagrams

Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc
DATA FOR DIAGRAMS I
Grid line 1
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etc.sheet 1 of 2
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' v2.1

Made by rc

1999-2002 BCA for RCC

Job No R68
Date 20-Feb-13

DESIGN STATUS: VALID

IF(ABS(ECCY)>B/1000/2,"BEARING FAIL",IF(ABS(ECCY)>(B/1000)/6,(2*VL)/(3*((B/1000)/2-ABS(ECCY))),(VL/(B/1000)*(1+(6*ABS(ECCY))/(B/1000)))))

IF(ECCY>(B/1000)/6,IF(XX>(B/1000/2-ECCY)*3,0,(((B/1000/2-ECCY)*3-XX)/((B/1000/2-ECCY)*3))*BP),((VL/(B/1000)*(1-(6*ECCY)/(B/1000))))+(B/1000-XX)/(B/1000)*(BP-(VL/(B/1000)*(1(6*ECCY)/(B/1000)))))
1.2

KN/M^2

1 21.70
0 43.08
3
BEARING PRESSURE
DIAGRAM
0.12 40.51
3
0.24 37.95
3
M
0.36 35.38
3
0
2
0.48 32.82
3
0.00
0.6 30.25
3
0.72 27.68
3
0.84 25.12
3
0.96 22.55
3
50.00
1.08 19.99
3
1.2 17.42
3
1.2 0.00
0
IF(ECCY<0,B/1000-B/1000/50*B24,B/1000/50*B24)
21.70
0 0.00 43.077
BEARING PRESSURE DIAGRAM
1 0.02 42.564
2 0.05 42.051
M
3 0.07 41.538
4 0.10 41.025
0.00
1.20
0
5 0.12 40.511
6 0.14 39.998
7 0.17 39.485
8 0.19 38.972
9 0.22 38.459
10 0.24 37.946
11 0.26 37.433
50
12 0.29 36.920
13 0.31 36.407
14 0.34 35.894
15 0.36 35.381
16 0.38 34.868
21.70
17 0.41 34.355
BP
0
43.077
18 0.43 33.842
BPE
0.2
38.801
19 0.46 33.328
BPI
0.45 33.457
20 0.48 32.815
BPZ
1.2
17.423
21 0.50 32.302
22 0.53 31.789
23 0.55 31.276
24 0.58 30.763
25 0.60 30.250
26 0.62 29.737
27 0.65 29.224
28 0.67 28.711
29 0.70 28.198
30 0.72 27.685
31 0.74 27.172
32 0.77 26.658
33 0.79 26.145
34 0.82 25.632
35 0.84 25.119
36 0.86 24.606
37 0.89 24.093
38 0.91 23.580
39 0.94 23.067
40 0.96 22.554
41 0.98 22.041
42 1.01 21.528
43 1.03 21.015
44 1.06 20.502
45 1.08 19.989
46 1.10 19.475
47 1.13 18.962
48 1.15 18.449
49 1.18 17.936
50 1.20 17.423
KN/M^2

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50

Page 5

43.077
42.564
42.051
41.538
41.025
40.511
39.998
39.485
38.972
38.459
37.946
37.433
36.920
36.407
35.894
35.381
34.868
34.355
33.842
33.328
32.815
32.302
31.789
31.276
30.763
30.250
29.737
29.224
28.711
28.198
27.685
27.172
26.658
26.145
25.632
25.119
24.606
24.093
23.580
23.067
22.554
22.041
21.528
21.015
20.502
19.989
19.475
18.962
18.449
17.936
17.423

0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

1.034
1.022
1.009
0.997
0.985
0.972
0.960
0.948
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
7.926

0.324
0.295
0.267
0.240
0.214
0.188
0.162
0.137
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
1.827

0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

1.034
1.022
1.009
0.997
0.985
0.972
0.960
0.948
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
7.926

0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.024
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

1.034
1.022
1.009
0.997
0.985
0.972
0.960
0.948
0.935
0.923
0.911
0.898
0.886
0.874
0.861
0.849
0.837
0.825
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
16.725

Diagrams

Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc
DATA FOR DIAGRAMS II
Grid line 1
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etc.sheet 1 of 2
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' v2.1

MTE= 2.54
MTLG= 0.00
MTLQ= 0.00
MTSG= 1.4083
MTSQ= 0.00
MTW= 0.00

0
0
200
200
450
450
1200
1200
0
0
0
0
0

0
250
250
1550
1550
250
250
0
0
0
0
0
0

1550

1200

0.00
0.03
0.05
0.08
0.10
0.13
0.16
0.18
0.21
0.23
0.26
0.29
0.31
0.34
0.36
0.39
0.42
0.44
0.47
0.49
0.52
0.55
0.57
0.60
0.62
0.65
0.68
0.70
0.73
0.75
0.78
0.81
0.83
0.86
0.88
0.91
0.94
0.96
0.99
1.01
1.04
1.07
1.09
1.12
1.14
1.17
1.20
1.22
1.25
1.27
1.30

ULT. MT (KNM)

MOMENT
DIAGRAM
2
4

0.00

0.26

0.52
WALL (M)

0
0.0022
0.0088
0.0199
0.0353
0.0552
0.0795
0.1082
0.1413
0.1789
0.2208
0.2672
0.318
0.3732
0.4328
0.4969
0.5653
0.6382
0.7155
0.7972
0.8833
0.9738
1.0688
1.1682
1.272
1.3802
1.4928
1.6098
1.7313
1.8572
1.9874
2.1221
2.2613
2.4048
2.5528
2.7051
2.8619
3.0231
3.1887
3.3588
3.5332
3.7121
3.8954
4.0831
4.2752
4.4717
4.6727
4.8781
5.0878
5.302
5.5207

0.78

1.04

1.30

WALL GEOMETRY
4000

3000

2000

1000

0
4000

0.00
0.03
0.05
0.08
0.10
0.13
0.16
0.18
0.21
0.23
0.26
0.29
0.31
0.34
0.36
0.39
0.42
0.44
0.47
0.49
0.52
0.55
0.57
0.60
0.62
0.65
0.68
0.70
0.73
0.75
0.78
0.81
0.83
0.86
0.88
0.91
0.94
0.96
0.99
1.01
1.04
1.07
1.09
1.12
1.14
1.17
1.20
1.22
1.25
1.27
1.30

3000

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50

5.52
5.52

2000

UTM=

YY= 1.3

1999-2002 BCA for RCC

1000

Location

WALL (mm)

Project

BASE ( mm)

Page 6

Made by rc

Job No R68
Date 20-Feb-13

Project
Location

Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc
Grid line 1

CRACK WIDTH CALCULATIONS

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etc.

Made

Originated from 'RCC62.xls' v2.1

WALL
MR=
As/bd=
X=
Ic=
STS=
ST1=
ST2=
Acr=
W=

em=

MR=
AsBB/bd=
X=
Ic=
STS=
ST1=
ST2=
Acr=
W=

em=

14.08
MIN SPACING=
0.003
MSBB=
49.59
MSBT=
230533525
0.0002
0.0002
0.0011499
104.0727
-0.18
-0.0009
14.08
0.0028
49.59
230533525
0.0001
0.0001
0.0011499
104.0727
-0.20
-0.0011

MR=
AsBB/bd=
X=
Ic=
STS=
ST1=
ST2=
Acr=
W=

em=

1999-2002 BCA for RCC

624
624
624

ASreq = 59.45
ASBBreq =0.01
ASBTreq 34.541
=

14.08
0.0028
49.59
230533525
0.0001
0.0001
0.0011499
104.0727
-0.1946
-0.0010

Page 7

by rc

Job No R68
Date 20-Feb-13

fs = 32.24 Asprov%= 0.2772

fs = 0.0054Asprov%= 0.2772
fs = 18.732Asprov%= 0.2772

Notes

Disclaimer
All advice or information from the British Cement Association and/or Reinforced Concrete
Council is intended for those who will evaluate the significance and limitations of its contents
and take responsibility for its use and application. No liability (including that for negligence) for
any loss resulting from such advice or information is accepted by the BCA, RCC or their
subcontractors, suppliers or advisors. Users should note that all BCA software and publications
are subject to revision from time to time and should therefore ensure that they are in
possession of the latest version.

This spreadsheet is shareware. It may be distributed freely, but

may not be used for commercial purposes until the user has
registered with the RCC.
RCC62 Retaining Wall.xls

Status of spreadsheet
Public release version.
Revision history

Date

Version

Action

Size (kB)

22-Jan-03 RCC62 v2.1

DETR logo replaced by DTI.

563

11-Oct-02 RCC62 v2.0

Version 2 enhancements

583

29-May-02 RCC62 v1.4

16-Jun-01 RCC62 v1.3

Data! Main graphic changed to jpeg

Crack width calculation to outer base amended
Buoyance option + notes added. Passive pressure reduction
15-Apr-01 RCC62 v1.2
factor rectified
Crack width w for top of inner base amended. Notes re crack
24-Mar-00 RCC62 v1.1
widths and cracking added in DATA!
First public release.
6-Aug-99 RCC62 v1.0
Includes b version comments

Page 8

365
365
398
398
398

Notes

Page 9

Notes

Size (kB)

Page 10

Notes

Page 11

Notes

Page 12