Encyclopedia of Human Behavior (Second Edition) 2012, Pages 710715 | Dissociative Disorders E.

Cardea
The domain of dissociation. Modified with permission from Cardea E (1994) The domain of dissociation. In Lynn SJ and Rhue J (eds.) Dissociation. Clinical and

Theoretical Perspectives, pp. 1531. New York: Guilford.

The DD are pathological forms of lack of integration among different psychological processes, including sensations, emotions, motor control, memory, and identity. This article provides a summary of the diagnostic criteria and germane research on the DSM DD disorders: dissociative amnesia, dissociative fugue, depersonalization disorder, dissociative identity disorder, and dissociative disorders not otherwise specified, along with a brief discussion of trance and spirit possession conditions.

Understanding Dissociative Disorders and Addiction Pamphlet Oleh A. Scott Winter, M.D.
a. Its a kind of defense mechanism, a mental technique we use to protect ourselves againts emotional confilct and anxiety. (Other defense mechanisms include denial and rationalization). Dissociation becomes a diissociative disorder, that is, a problem requiring treatment, when it causes severe distress or interferes with our ability to function normally. a mental process in which thoughts, feelings, experiences, and even large parts of the identity are somehow separaed, or dissociated from our stream of consciousness and memory Memisahkan kumpulan pemikiran, emosi dan bahkan identitas dn mengisolasinya. Pada kondisi stress kumpulan tadi dapat mengambil alih secara parsial atau keseluruhan terhadap mind. Ketika kembali ke kondisi normal, mungkin hanya akan ingat beberapa hal atau tidak ingat sama sekali. b. Jenis dissociative disorders Pada semua kasus gangguan disosiatif harus di tegakkan terpisah dari efek langsung kimawi atau withdrawal syndrome. Kondisi medis seperti seizures yg dapat menyebabkan gejala juga. Elemen yg ada di tiap jenis dissociation i. ii. iii. iv. A serious disturbance in ones sense of identity A disturbance in memory that may take the form of amnesia, especially for specific events or periods of time. Emotianal instability, such as anger, depression, or anxiety A feeling of being disconnected from oneself or ones environment to the point that the ability to recognize reality is seriously undermined Jenis | Simptom 1. Dissociative Amnesia: Tidak dapat mengingat informasi personal yg penting yg biasanya traumatis atau stressful. Dan kehilangan memori yg terlalu ekstensif untuk dibilang lupa 2. Dissociative fugue: Keluyuran, tdk dapat mengingat masa lalu, membentuk identitas parsial atau keseluruhan yg baru 3. Dissociative identity disorder: Multiple personaliity. Tiap kepribadiannya mempunyai pola tersendiri dalam merasakan dan menghubungkan dengan lingkungan dan dirinya sendiri. 4. Depersonalization Disorder: Merasa terlepaskan dari pikiran atau tubuhnya. Seperti menonton dirinya sendiri (out side obeserver). Derealization tu masuk kedalama semacam dunia mimpi dimana sebuah kejadian tidak terjadi (menurutnya). 5. Not Otherwise Specified: a. b. c. DID tapi tidak memenuhi kriteria untuk diagnosa DID Kondisis dissociative karena kondisi yg memaksa, brainwash, penculikan, indoktrinasi ajaran. Trance yg berhubungan dengan budaya atau agama tetapi lebih parah dari apa yg dapat dianggap masuk akal dari sudut pandang budaya atau agama itu d. Kehilangan kesadaran, stupor, coma yg tidak berhubungan dengan gangguan lain.