Konstruksione Druri

PUNE INXHINIERESH http://www.facebook.
com/PuneInxhinier - 1 -
PROJEKT KURSI
Jepen:
1. Skema e mbulimit
2. L = 14 m
3. B = 4 m
4. i = 30%
5. d = 2.33
6. Mbulesa ne tavan eshte me tjegulla vendi (Pishe)
7. Seksioni terthor me binare druri rrethore.

PUNE INXHINIERESH http://www.facebook.com/PuneInxhinier - 2 -

Kerkohet:
Te projektohet mbulesa me konstruksion druri me te dhenat e meposhtme.
A . Llogaritja e elementeve te mbuleses
1. Percaktimi i ngarkesave
- Ngarkesat e perhershme (sipas planit te pjerret per njesine e siperfaqes)
Tjegullat (vendi) 60 (daN/m
2
) * 1.1 66 (daN/m
2
)
Derrasat
(5*0.15*0.025*500)
9.37 (daN/m
2
) * 1.1 10.3 (daN/m
2
)
Deri ne nivelin e derrasave:
|
.
|
\
|
=
2
37 . 69
m
daN
g
n
mb
,
|
.
|
\
|
=
2
log
3 . 76
m
daN
g
l
mb

Ngarkesa qe i takon nje derrase:
|
.
|
\
|
= = =
ml
daN
g g
n
mb
n
d
8 . 13 2 . 0 37 . 69 2 . 0
|
.
|
\
|
= = =
ml
daN
g g
mb d
26 . 15 2 . 0 3 . 76 2 . 0
- Ngarkesat e perkohshme (e debores) e cila vepron sipas planit horizontal dhe duhet ta
kthejme ne plan te pjerret.
|
.
|
\
|
= = =
2
84 . 71 9578 . 0 75 cos 75
m
daN
p
n
mb
o
|
.
|
\
|
= = =
2
log
6 . 100 4 . 1 84 . 71 4 . 1
m
daN
p p
n
mb
l
mb

Ngarkesa qe vjen ne nje derrase:
|
.
|
\
|
= = =
ml
daN
p p
n
mb
n
d
37 . 14 2 . 0 84 . 71 2 . 0
|
.
|
\
|
= = =
ml
daN
p p
l
mb
l
d
12 . 20 2 . 0 6 . 100 2 . 0
log log

- Ngarkesa e punetorit bashke me instrumentat
) ( 100 daN p
n
=
) ( 120 2 . 1 100 2 . 1
log
daN p p
n l
= = =
Ngarkesa qe vepron mbi derrase i shkakton asaj perkulje te pjerret, pra derrasa punon
realisht ne perkulje te pjerret por nqs I
y
>> I
x
atehere marrim parasysh vetem q
x
in.

- Ngarkesa sipas drejtimit pingul me derrasen:
|
.
|
\
|
= = =
ml
daN
g g
n
d
n
x
22 . 13 9578 . 0 8 . 13 coso
|
.
|
\
|
= = =
ml
daN
g g
d
l
x
62 . 14 9578 . 0 26 . 15 cos
log
o
|
.
|
\
|
= = =
ml
daN
p p
n
d
n
x
76 . 13 9578 . 0 37 . 14 coso
|
.
|
\
|
= = =
ml
daN
p p
l
d
l
x
27 . 19 9578 . 0 12 . 20 cos
log log
o
Pesha e punetorit
( ) daN p p
n n
x
78 . 95 9578 . 0 100 cos = = = o
( ) daN p p
l l
x
94 . 114 9578 . 0 120 cos
log log
= = = o
- Skema statike:
Skema a:

Skema b:


- Llogaritja e forcave te brendshme:
Skema a:
) ( 5 . 7
8
33 . 1 ) 27 . 19 62 . 14 (
8
) (
2 2
max
m daN
l p g
M
x x x
=
+
=
+
=
Skema b:
) ( 9 . 33 33 . 1 94 . 114 21 . 0 33 . 1 62 . 14 07 . 0 21 . 0 07 . 0
2 2
max
m daN l p l g M
x x x x
= + = + =
Momenti perkules max eshte sipas skemes b dhe dimensionimin e derrases e kryejme sipas
ketij momenti.
|
.
|
\
|
=
2
130
cm
daN
R
p

p
R
W
M
s = o , ) ( 1 . 26
130
100 9 . 33
3
cm
R
M
W
p
x
x
=
= =

) ( 2 . 3
15
6 1 . 26
1 . 26
6
15
6
2 2
cm h
h h b
W
x
=
= =
=
Pranoj h = 3 cm.

- Kontrolli ne deformacion do te kryhet per te dyja skemat:
) ( 75 . 33
12
3 15
12
4
3 3
cm
h b
I
x
=
=
Duke zbatuar formulen e uljeve per rastin e skemes b kemi:
x
x
n
x
x
x
n
x x
I E
l P
I E
l g
l
f

=
2
3
0015 . 0 0054 . 0

150
1
800
1
00125 . 0
75 . 33 100000
133 78 . 95 0015 . 0
75 . 33 100000
133 1322 . 0 0054 . 0
2 3
=
(
< = = =

=
l
f
l
f
l
f
x x
Per skemen a:
00104 . 0
75 . 33 100000
133 ) 1376 . 0 1322 . 0 (
384
13 . 2 ) (
384
13 . 2
3
3
=
+
=
+
=
x
x
n
x
n
x x
I E
l p g
l
f

150
1
959
1
=
(
< =
l
f
l
f
x

Perfundimisht per shtresen e derrasave:
h = 3 cm
b = 15 cm

B . Llogaritja e trareve te pjerret
i = 30 %, => tg = 0.9578, sin = 0.2873
Skema llogartese

cm
g
t
p
t
q
x
q
y
q
Ngarkesa q
x
i shkakton traut perkulje terthore kurse ngarkesa q
y
i shkakton traut ne nje
pjese shtypje qendrore dhe ne tjetren terheqje qendrore . Traun do ta konsiderojme sikur
punon ne perkulje terthore, pasi q
y
nuk e marrim ne konsiderate.

Llogaritja e ngarkesave
- Percaktimi i ngarkesave te perhershme (sipas planit te pjerret )
Tjegulla 60 daN/m
2
* 1.1 66 daN/m
2

Derrasat
5*0.15*0.03*500 = 11.25
daN/m
2

* 1.1 12.38 daN/m
2

Trau i pjerret (pranoj b
= 5cm,h=10cm)
0.05*0.1*500/1.33 =
1.88daN/m
2

* 1.1 2.07 daN/m
2

= = ) ( 13 . 73
2
m
daN
g
n
mb

= = ) ( 45 . 80
2
log
m
daN
g
l
mb

E kthejme keto ngarkesa ne ngarkesa per ml.
) ( 26 . 97 33 . 1 13 . 73
3 ml
daN B
g g
n
mb
n
tr
= = =
) ( 107 33 . 1 45 . 80
3
log log
ml
daN B
g g
l
mb
l
tr
= = =
q
x
p
x
M ma
x

- Percaktime ngarkesen e perkohshme sipas planit te pjerret.
|
.
|
\
|
= = =
2
84 . 71 9578 . 0 75 cos 75
m
daN
P
n
d
o
|
.
|
\
|
= = =
2
log
6 . 100 9578 . 0 75 4 . 1 84 . 71
m
daN
P
l
d

E kthejme ne ngarkese per ml.
|
.
|
\
|
= = =
ml
daN B
P P
n
d
n
tr
5 . 95 33 . 1 84 . 71
3

|
.
|
\
|
= = =
ml
daN B
P P
l
d
l
tr
8 . 133 33 . 1 6 . 100
3
log log

Percaktojme momentet perkulese.
( )
) ( 61 . 170
9578 . 0 8
33 . 2 8 . 133 107
8 cos
cos ) (
8
) (
2
2
2 2
max
m daN
d p g l p g
M
t t x x
=
+
=
+
=
+
=
o
o
Duke u nisur nga kontrolli ne soliditet bejme dimensionimin:
p
x
R
W
M
s =
max
max
o
) ( 131
130
17061
3 max
cm
R
M
W
p
nev
x
= = =
=
6
2
h b
W
x
Pranoj b h
b
h
= = 2 2
) ( 8 . 5
4
6 131
) ( 131
6
) 2 (
6
3
3
2 2
cm b cm
b b h b
W
x
=
= =
=
Pranoj b = 6 cm dhe h = 12 cm
) ( 144
6
12 6
6
3
2 2
cm
h b
W
x
=
=
) ( 864
12
12 6
12
3
3 3
cm
h b
I
x
=
=
) ( 130 ) ( 5 . 118
144
17061
2 2
max
max
cm
daN
R
cm
daN
W
M
p
x
= < = = = o
Bejme kontrollin ne deformacion:
0039 . 0
864 100000
43 . 2 9578 . 0 ) 955 . 0 9726 . 0 (
384
5 cos ) (
384
5
3
=
+
=
+
=
x
n
t
n
t
I E
l p g
l
f o

150
1
251
1
=
(
< =
l
f
l
f

C. Llogaritja e trareve gjatesore
Shenim : Keta trare punojne ne perkulje te pjerret

Ne figuren me siper jepen ngarkesat qe i vine traut gjatesor:
- Percaktojme ngarkesen e perhershme
Tjegulla +derrasa 73.13 (daN/m
2
) *1.1 80.44 (daN/m
2
)
Trau i pjerret
0.06*0.12*500/1.33
2.71(daN/m
2
) *1.1 2.98(daN/m
2
)
Trau gjatesor
0.12*0.18*500/2.43
4.44(daN/m
2
) *1.1 4.88(daN/m
2
)
) ( 28 . 80
2
m
daN
g
n
mb
= ) ( 3 . 88
2
log
m
daN
g
l
mb
=
- Percaktojme ngarkesen e perkohshme:
|
.
|
\
|
=
2
84 . 71
m
daN
P
n
d
,
|
.
|
\
|
=
2
log
6 . 100
m
daN
P
l
d

- Percaktojme ngarkesen e plote:
) ( 12 . 152
2
m
daN
P g q
n
d
n
mb
n
mb
= + =
) ( 9 . 188
2
log log log
m
daN
P g q
l
d
l
mb
l
mb
= + =
- Skemat statike:


Ne plan te pjerret:
S q Q
n
mb
n
= ; ) ( 23 . 3
3
4
9578 . 0
33 . 2
3 cos
2
m
B d
S = = =
o

daN Q
n
35 . 491 23 . 3 12 . 152 = =
) ( 15 . 610 23 . 3 9 . 188
log log
daN S q Q
l
mb
l
= = =

Ngarkesa e projektuar
6 . 470 9578 . 0 35 . 491 cos = = = o
n n
x
Q Q (daN)
4 . 584 9578 . 0 15 . 610 cos
log log
= = = o
l l
x
Q Q (daN)
2 . 141 2873 . 0 35 . 491 sin = = = o
n n
y
Q Q (daN)
3 . 175 2873 . 0 15 . 610 sin
log log
= = = o
l l
y
Q Q (daN)
- Percaktimi i momenteve perkules maksimale:

) ( 2 . 779
3
4 4 . 584
3
max m daN
l Q
M
x x x
=
=
) ( 7 . 233
3
4 3 . 175
3
max m daN
l Q
M
y y y
=
=
- Dimensionimi do te behet nga kontrolli ne soliditet:
p
y
y
x
x
y x
R
W
M
W
M
s + = + = o o o
p
y
x
x
y
x
x
R
W
W
M
M
W
M
s
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ = 1 o
6
2
h b
W
x
= ,
6
2
b h
W
y
=
5 . 1
2
2
= =
=
b
h
b h
h b
W
W
y
x
(pranohet 1.5)
3 . 0
2 . 779
7 . 233
= = = o tg
M
M
x
y

p
x
x
R
b
h
tg
W
M
s
|
.
|
\
|
+ = o o 1
max

) ( 1 . 869
130
) 5 . 1 3 . 0 1 ( 77920
) 1 (
3
cm
R
b
h
tg M
W
p
x
nev
x
=
+
=
+
=
o

) ( 1 . 869
6
25 . 2
6
3
3 2
cm
b h b
W
x
=
= => ) ( 2 . 13
25 . 2
6 1 . 869
3
cm b =
=
b = 13 cm
h = 1.5 * b = 1.5 * 13 = 19.5 cm
Pranoj:
b = 15 cm
h = 19 cm
) ( 903
6
19 15
6
3
2 2
cm
h b
W
x
=
=
) ( 713
6
15 19
6
3
2 2
cm
b h
W
y
=
=
) ( 8 . 8573
12
19 15
12
4
3 3
cm
h b
I
x
=
=
) ( 8 . 5343
12
15 19
12
4
3 3
cm
b h
I
y
=
=
) ( 130 1 . 119
713
23370
903
77920
2
cm
daN
R
W
M
W
M
p
y
y
x
x
y x
= < = + = + = + = o o o
h = 19 cm
b = 15 cm

- Kryejme kontrollin ne deformacion:
150
1
2
2
=
(
s
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ |
.
|
\
|
=
l
f
l
f
l
f
l
f
y
x

I E
l Q
l
f
n
=
2
648
23

0031 . 0
8 . 320
1
8 . 8573 100000
400 6 . 470
648
23
2
= =
=
l
f
x

0015 . 0
666
1
8 . 5343 100000
400 2 . 141
648
23
2
= =
=
l
f
y

150
1
290
1
666
1
8 . 320
1
2 2
2
2
=
(
s =
|
.
|
\
|
+
|
.
|
\
|
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ |
.
|
\
|
=
l
f
l
f
l
f
l
f
y
x

D . Llogaritja e elementeve te tavanit


- Llogaritja e listelave
Ngarkesa e perhershme:
Suva 0.03*1800*1 54 (daN/m
2
) *1.2 64.8(daN/m
2
)
Listelat (5 * 5)
0.05*0.05*500/0.33
3.8 (daN/m
2
) *1.1 4.2 (daN/m
2
)
) / ( 58
2
m daN g
n
= ) / ( 69
2 log
m daN g
l
=
Ngarkesa e perhershme ne nje listele
) ( 19 33 . 0 58 33 . 0
ml
daN
g g
n n
l
= = =
) ( 23 33 . 0 69 33 . 0
log log
ml
daN
g g
l l
l
= = =
Ngarkesa e perkohshme ne nje listele
) ( 75
2
m
daN
P
n
= ; ) ( 105 4 . 1 75
2
log
m
daN
P
l
= =
) ( 25 33 . 0 75
ml
daN
P
n
l
= =
) ( 35 33 . 0 105
log
ml
daN
P
l
l
= =
Skema statike


) ( 2 . 15
8
33 . 1 ) 35 23 (
8
) (
2 2
max
m daN
l p g
M
l l
=
+
=
+
=
< =
p
x
R
W
M
max
max
o ) ( 7 . 11
130
1520
3 max
cm
R
M
W
p
nev
x
= = =
6
2
h b
W
x
= ; pranojme b = h
=
6
3
b
W
x
) ( 13 . 4 6 7 . 11 6
3
3
cm W b
x
= = =
Zgjedhim b = h = 5 cm.
) ( 1 . 52
12
5
12
4
4 3
cm
h b
I
x
= =
=
Kontrolli ne deformacion

- Llogaritja e trareve terthore
Skema llogaritese

Llogaritja e ngarkesave:
Ngarkesa e perhershme
Suvaja 54(daN/m
2
) *1.2 64.8(daN/m
2
)
Listelat
0.05
2
* 500/0.33
3.8 (daN/m
2
) *1.1 4.2 (daN/m
2
)
Trau terthor 2.71 (daN/m
2
) *1.1 2.98 (daN/m
2
)
0.06*0.12*500*1.33
) ( 51 . 60
2
m
daN
g
n
t
= ) ( 98 . 71
2
log
m
daN
g
l
t
=
I kthejme keto ngaresa ne ngarkesa per ml.
|
.
|
\
|
= = =
ml
daN B
g g
n
tr
n
tr
48 . 80 33 . 1 51 . 60
3

|
.
|
\
|
= = =
ml
daN B
g g
l
tr
l
tr
7 . 95 33 . 1 98 . 71
3
log log

Ngarkesa e perkohshme
) ( 75
2
m
daN
P
n
d
= , ) ( 105 4 . 1 75
2
log
m
daN
P
l
d
= =
I kthejme ne ngarkesa per ml.
|
.
|
\
|
= = =
ml
daN B
P P
n
d
n
t
75 . 99 33 . 1 75
3

|
.
|
\
|
= = =
ml
daN B
P P
l
d
l
t
65 . 139 33 . 1 105
3
log log

Llogaritja e M
max

( ) ( )
) ( 7 . 159
8
33 . 2 65 . 139 7 . 95
8
2 2 log log
max
m daN
d P g
M
l
tr
l
tr
=
+
=
+
=
Bejme dimensionimin nga kondita ne soliditet:
) ( 8 . 122
130
15970
3 max max
max
cm
R
M
W R
W
M
p
nev
x p
x
= = = s = o
6
2
h b
W
x
= , pranoj 2 =
b
h

( )
8 . 122
6
2
2
=
=
b b
W
x
=> ) ( 69 . 5
4
8 . 122 6
3
cm b =
= , b =6 cm.
Marrim b = 6 cm, h = 12 cm.
) ( 144
6
12 6
6
3
2 2
cm
h b
W
x
=
=
) ( 864
12
12 6
12
4
2 3
cm
h b
I
x
=
=
( ) ( )
150
1
294
1
0034 . 0
864 100000
33 . 2 9975 . 0 8048 . 0
384
5 33 . 2
384
5
3 2
=
(
< = =
+
=
+
=
l
f
EI
P g
l
f
x
n
t
n
t

- Llogaritja e traut gjatesor
Ngarkesat qe i transmetohen traut gjatesor:
Ngarkesa e perhershme
Suva + Listela 57.8 (daN/m
2
) *1.2 69 (daN/m
2
)
Trau terthor
0.06*0.12*500/1.33
2.7 (daN/m
2
) *1.1 2.97 (daN/m
2
)
Trau gjatesor (12*18)
0.12*0.18*500/2.33
4.6 (daN/m
2
) *1.1 5.06 (daN/m
2
)
) ( 1 . 65
2
m
daN
g
n
tav
= ) ( 03 . 77
2
log
m
daN
g
l
tav
=

Ngarkesa e perkohshme
) ( 75
2
m
daN
P
n
d
= , ) ( 105 4 . 1 75
2
log
m
daN
P
l
d
= =
Ngarkesa e plote
) ( 1 . 140
2
m
daN
q
n
= ; ) ( 1 . 182
2
log
m
daN
q
l
=
Skema statike


) ( 16 . 434 33 . 2 33 . 1 1 . 140
3
daN d
B
q Q
n n
= = =
) ( 31 . 564 33 . 2 33 . 1 1 . 182
3
log log
daN d
B
q Q
l l
= = =
Percaktimi i momentit max
( ) m daN
l Q
M =
= 41 . 752
3
4 31 . 564
3
max

Dimensionimi i traut gjatesor
) ( 78 . 578
130
75241
3 max max
max
cm
R
M
W R
W
M
p
nev
x p
x
= = = s = o , 5 . 1 =
b
h

78 . 578
6
25 . 2
6
3 2
= =
=
b h b
W
x
=> ) ( 56 . 11
25 . 2
6 78 . 578
3
cm b =
= .
Marrim b = 12 cm, h = 18 cm.
) ( 648
6
18 12
6
3
2 2
cm
h b
W
x
=
=
) ( 5832
12
18 12
12
4
2 3
cm
h b
I
x
=
=
150
1
236
1
0042 . 0
5832 100000
400 16 . 434
648
23
648
23
2 2
=
(
< = =
=
l
f
I E
l Q
l
f
n

E. Llogaritja e kapriates


- Llogaritja e ngarkesave (per te percaktuar peshen vetiake te kapriates )

- Mbulesa (ne plan te pjerret )
Tjegullat 60 (daN/m
2
) *1.1 66 (daN/m
2
)
Derrasat
5*0.15*0.035*500
13.13 (daN/m
2
) *1.1 14.44 (daN/m
2
)
Trau i pjerret
0.06*0.12*500/1.33
2.7 (daN/m
2
) *1.1 2.97(daN/m
2
)
Trau gjatesor
0.15*0.19*500/2.43
5.86 (daN/m
2
) *1.1 6.45(daN/m
2
)
) ( 69 . 81
2
m
daN
g
n
mb
= ) ( 86 . 89
2
log
m
daN
g
l
mb
=
- Tavani (ne plan horizontal)
Suvaja +Listelat 57.8 (daN/m
2
) *1.2 69 (daN/m
2
)
Traret terthore
0.06*0.12*500/1.33
2.7 (daN/m
2
) *1.1 2.97 (daN/m
2
)
Traret gjatesor
0.12*0.18*500/2.33
4.6 (daN/m
2
) *1.1 5.06 (daN/m
2
)
) ( 1 . 65
2
m
daN
g
n
tav
= ) ( 03 . 77
2
log
m
daN
g
l
tav
=
- Percaktojme g
n

|
.
|
\
|
= + = + =
2
4 . 150 1 . 65
9578 . 0
69 . 81
cos
1
m
daN
g g g
n
tav
n
mb
n
o

- Percaktojme P
n

( ) ( )
|
.
|
\
|
= + = + =
2
135 9 . 0 75 75 9 . 0
m
daN
P P P
n
tav
n
d
n

- Percaktojme peshen vetiake te kapriates.
|
.
|
\
|
=
+
=
+
=
2
6 . 23 1 . 1
1
14 5
1000
135 4 . 150
1
1000
m
daN
n
L k
P g
g
g
pv
n n
pv

- Percaktojme ngarkesat e perqendruara
9 . 0
1 1 1
+ = P G Q
) ( 4 . 984 33 . 2 4
2
6 . 23
9578 . 0
33 . 2
4 86 . 89
2 cos
1
daN d B
g
d
B g G
pv
mb
= + = + =
o

) ( 6 . 978 33 . 2 4 105
1
daN d B P P
d
= = =
) ( 14 . 1865 9 . 0 6 . 978 4 . 984
1
daN Q = + =
Q
1
= 1865.14 daN
9 . 0
2 2 2
+ = P G Q
) ( 9 . 827 33 . 2 4
2
6 . 23
33 . 2 4 03 . 77
2
2
daN d B
g
d B g G
pv
tav
= + = + =
) ( 6 . 978 33 . 2 4 105
2
daN d B P P
tav
= = =
) ( 64 . 1708 9 . 0 6 . 978 9 . 827
2
daN Q = + =
Q
2
= 1708.64 daN

- Zgjidja statike e kapriates
Pasi kam zgjidhur kapriaten me program kompjuterik neper shufra me kane dale keto forca
normale:


- Dimensionimi i kapriates
- Dimensionimi i brezit te poshtem:
Dimensionimi do te behet me ane te formules:
t
net
t
t
R
F
N
s = o
Seksioni eshte


N = N
max
= 29781.5 (daN)
) ( 33 . 2
0 0
cm l l
y x
= =
) ( 82 . 297
1 100 1
5 . 29781
2
cm
m R
N
F
t t
nev
=

=

=
o

) ( 59 . 19 82 . 297 135 . 1 cm d
nev
= =
Kushti ne perkulshmeri
| |
) ( 56 . 1
150
233
cm
l
r r
x nev
y
nev
x
= = = =

) ( 24 . 6
25 . 0
56 . 1
25 . 0
cm
r
d
nev nev
= = =
Perfundimisht pranojme dimensionin
d = 20 cm

- Dimensionimi i brezit te poshtem:

N = N
max
= -31092.8 (daN)
) ( 43 . 2
0 0
cm l l
y x
= =
| |
) ( 03 . 2
120
243
0
cm
l
r
y nev
y
= = =

) ( 12 . 8
25 . 0
03 . 2
25 . 0
cm
r
d
nev nev
= = =
Kushti ne qendrueshmeri
Menyra e pare
sh
R
F
N
s
o
sh
nev
R
N
F
=
min

( ) | | f f = =
max min
, per = 120 =>
min
=0.215
) ( 44 . 1112
130 215 . 0
8 . 31092
2
cm F
nev
=
=
) ( 9 . 37 44 . 1112 135 . 1 135 . 1 cm F d
nev nev
= = = , Pranoj d =38 cm
Mqs ) ( 23
2
8 38
2
cm
d d
d d d =
+
=
+
= >
o
o

Menyra e dyte
sh
R
F
N
s
o
Supozojme se > 75
) ( 6 . 238
130
8 . 31092
75 . 15
243
75 . 15
2 0
cm
R
N l
F
sh
sh
nev
= = =

) ( 5 . 17 6 . 238 135 . 1 135 . 1 cm F d
nev nev
= = = , Pranoj d =18 cm
Kontrolli
5 . 55
5 . 17 25 . 0
243
25 . 0
0
=
= =
d
l
r
l

Supozojme se 75 s
) ( 2 . 298 243 001 . 0
130
8 . 31092
001 . 0
2 2 2
0
cm l
R
N
F
sh
nev
= + = + =
) ( 6 . 19 2 . 298 135 . 1 135 . 1 cm F d
nev nev
= = = , Pranojme d = 20 cm.

- Dimensionimi i diagonales:
) ( 2 . 6946 daN N =
) ( 272
0 0
cm l l
y x
= =
| |
) ( 27 . 2
120
272
0
cm
l
r
y nev
y
= = =

) ( 08 . 9
25 . 0
27 . 2
25 . 0
cm
r
d
nev nev
= = = , Pranojme d =9 cm = d

) ( 24 . 126
130
2 . 6946
75 . 15
272
75 . 15
2 0
cm
R
N l
F
sh
sh
nev
= = =
Kushti ne qendrueshmeri
Menyra e pare
sh
nev
R
N
F
=
min
; | | ( ) = f
min
per = 120 => 125 . 0
min

) ( 46 . 427
130 125 . 0
2 . 6946
2
cm F
nev
=
=
) ( 46 . 23 46 . 427 135 . 1 135 . 1 cm F d
nev nev
= = = , pranoj d = 24 cm
Mqs ) ( 5 . 16
2
9 24
2
cm
d d
d d d =
+
=
+
= >
o
o
, pranoj d = 17 cm.
Menyra e dyte
Supozojme se > 75
) ( 24 . 126
130
2 . 6946
75 . 15
272
75 . 15
2 0
cm
R
N l
F
sh
sh
nev
= = =
) ( 75 . 12 24 . 126 135 . 1 135 . 1 cm F d
nev nev
= = = , pranoj d =13 cm.
Kontrolli ne perkulshmeri
| | <
r
l
0
= , 25 . 4 17 25 . 0 25 . 0 = = = d r
| | 75 64
25 . 4
272
= < = =
Pranojme d =17 cm

- Dimensionimi i vertikales:
) ( 2 . 8856 daN N =
) ( 8 . 208
0 0
cm l l
y x
= =
) ( 56 . 88
1 100 1
2 . 8856
2
cm
m R
N
F
t t
nev
=

=

=
o

) ( 68 . 10 56 . 88 135 . 1 135 . 1 cm F d
nev nev
= = =
| |
) ( 39 . 1
150
8 . 208
cm
l
r r
x nev
y
nev
x
= = = =

cm cm
r
d
nev
nev
6 ) ( 56 . 5
25 . 0
39 . 1
25 . 0
= = = =
Do te pranojme d = 10.68 cm = 11 cm

- Llogaritja e nyjes se mbeshtetjes:

) ( 8 . 31092 daN N
sh
= , ) ( 20 cm d
p
=
) ( 5 . 29781 daN N
t
= , ) ( 17 cm d
s
=
cos = 0.9578
- Llogaritja ne ngjeshje
o
o
ngj
ngj
sh
R
F
N
s =
) ( 121
2874 . 0
30
130
1
130
sin 1 1
2
3
3
90
7 . 16
cm
daN
R
R
R
R R
ngj
ngj
ngj
ngj
ngj
=
|
.
|
\
|
+
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
= =

o
o

Caktojme vete ) ( 6 18
3
1
3
1
,
max
cm h h
net p pr
= = =
) ( 18 2 20 ) 3 2 (
,
cm cm d h
p net p
= = =
) ( 6
max ,
cm h
pr
=
( ) ) ( 3 . 18 6 20 6 2 ) ( 2 cm h d h b
pr pr p
= = =
) ( 82
9578 . 0
6 3 . 18 71 . 0
cos
71 . 0
2
cm
h b
F
pr p
ngj
=

=

=
o

Kontrolli i ngjeshjes
|
.
|
\
|
= >
|
.
|
\
|
= = =
2
7 . 16
2
121 379
82
8 . 31092
cm
daN
R
cm
daN
F
N
ngj
ngj
sh
o

Pra nuk perballohet nga kllapa me 1 dhemb qe do te thote qe nuk kenaqen kushtet
konstruktive perkatese, prandaj kalojne ne bashkimet me kllaposje me dy dhembe.
Thellesine e prerjes se dhembit te madh e leme aq sa ishte ) ( 6
"
cm h
pr
= dhe per
) ( 4 2 6 2
" '
cm h h
pr pr
= = =
Atehere kemi:
( ) ( ) ) ( 16 4 20 4 2 2
' ' '
cm h d h b
pr pr
= = =
) ( 48
9578 . 0
4 16 71 . 0
cos
71 . 0
' '
'
cm
h b
F
pr
ngj
=

=

=
o

Bejme kontrollin ne ngjeshje
|
.
|
\
|
= > =
+
=
+
=
2
7 . 16
2 " '
121 ) ( 239
82 48
8 . 31092
cm
daN
R
cm
daN
F F
N
ngj
ngj ngj
sh
o
Nqs kushti
ngj
ngj
sh
R
F
N
s = o nuk vertetohet atehere do te bejme nje dimensionim te ri persa
i perket d
p
.E pranojme ate d
p
= 28 (cm).
) ( 8 . 31092 daN N
sh
=
) ( 5 . 29781 daN N
t
=
cos = 0.9578
d
p
= 28 (cm)
d
s
= 17 (cm)
o
o
ngj
ngj
sh
R
F
N
s = , ) ( 121
2
7 . 16
cm
daN
R
ngj
=
Caktojme vete ) ( 9 26
3
1
3
1
,
max
cm h h
net p pr
= = =
) ( 26 2 28 ) 3 2 (
.
cm cm d h
p net p
= = =
) ( 9
max
cm h
pr
=
( ) ( ) ) ( 26 9 28 9 2 2 cm h d h b
pr pr p
= = =
) ( 173
9578 . 0
9 26 71 . 0
cos
71 . 0
2
cm
h b
F
pr
ngj
=

=

=
o

Kontrolli ne ngjeshje
|
.
|
\
|
>
|
.
|
\
|
= = =
2 2
121 179
173
8 . 31092
cm
daN
cm
daN
F
N
ngj
sh
o
Pra nuk perballohet nga kllapa me nje dhemb dmth nuk kenaqen kushtet konstruktive,
prandaj kalojme ne bashkimet me kllaposje me dy dhembe.
Thellesia e prerjes se dhembit te madh eshte lene aq sa ishte ) ( 9
"
cm h
pr
= dhe per
'
pr
h
do te kemi:
) ( 7 2 9 2
" '
cm h h
pr pr
= = =
Atehere do te kemi:
( ) ( ) ) ( 24 7 28 7 2 2
' ' '
cm h d h b
pr pr p
= = =
) ( 125
9578 . 0
7 24 71 . 0
cos
71 . 0
2
' '
'
cm
h b
F
pr p
ngj
=

=

=
o

Bejme kontrollin ne ngjeshje
7 . 16
2 2 " '
121 104
298
8 . 31092
173 125
8 . 31092
ngj
ngj ngj
sh
R
cm
daN
cm
daN
F F
N
=
|
.
|
\
|
<
|
.
|
\
|
= =
+
=
+
= o

- Llogaritja ne shkeputje
mes
pr
shk
sh
R
l b
N
8 . 0
cos
'
s
=
o
t ) ( 24
2
cm
da
R
pr
=
Gjejme forcat shtypese qe veprojne ne dhembin e pare
) ( 12785
179 125
125
8 . 31092
" '
'
'
daN
F F
F
N N
ngj ngj
ngj
sh sh
=
+
=
+
=
) ( 53
12 8 . 0 24
9578 . 0 12785
8 . 0
cos
'
cm
R b
N
l
mes
pr p
sh
shk
=

=

>
o

) ( 24 ) 7 28 ( 7 2 ) ( 2 cm h d h b
pr p pr p
= = =
7 10 5 . 1 < s
shk t
l h
70 53 39 < s => kushti me larte plotesohet.
) ( 26 2 28 ) 3 2 ( cm cm d h
p t
= = =
) ( 2 . 11
102 26
9578 . 0 8 . 31092
2
cm
daN
=

= t <12=
mes
pr
R
Gjatesia e dyte e shkeputjes do te jete
) ( 102
7 . 16 sin 2
28
53
sin 2
cm
d
l l
shk shk
=
+ =
+ =
o

102 5 . 1 <
t
h
102 39 <

- Llogaritja e bulonit te avarise
( ) ) ( 29300 ) 7 . 16 60 ( 8 . 31092 60 daN tg tg N N
sh b
= = = o
Vendosim nga nje bulone ne cdo dhemb:
( ) ) ( 12048 ) 7 . 16 60 ( 12785 60 ' ' daN tg tg N N
sh b
= = = o
Kontrollojme brezin e poshtem.Kete brez e marrim te dobesuar siper nga dhembi i madh
) ( 9
"
cm h
pr
= , nga vrima e bulonit me diameter 2.5 cm dhe nga nje gdhendje qe do ti
bejme poshte ) ( 2 cm h
j
= per tu mbeshtetur mire ne nentra.
Dobesimi nga dhenbi i madh eshte:
) ( 166 9 26 71 . 0 71 . 0
2 " "
cm h b F
pr dob
= = =
Dobesimi nga gdhendja e nentraut
) ( 4 . 14 ) 2 28 ( 2 2 ) ( 2 cm h d h b
j j j
= = =
) ( 21 2 4 . 14 71 . 0 71 . 0
2
cm h b F
j j J
= = =
Dobesimi nga buloni
( ) ) ( 5 . 42 2 9 28 5 . 2
2
cm F
b
= =
Atehere sip neto ) ( 407 5 . 42 166
4
28 14 . 3
4
2
2 2
cm F F
d
F
b dob net
=
=
t

Kontrolli
|
.
|
\
|
= <
|
.
|
\
|
=
= =
2 2
80 73
407
9578 . 0 8 . 31092 cos
cm
daN
R
cm
daN
F
N
F
N
t
net
sh
net
t
o
o
Llogaritja e jastekut te mbeshtetjes
) ( 298
30
5 . 8934
2
90
90
cm
R
R
F R
F
R
ngj
A
ngj ngj
ngj
A
= = = s =

o

Konstruksione Druri

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Konstruksione Druri

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

PUNE INXHINIERESH http://www.facebook.

You might also like